Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 过关检测卷(Word版)-【勤径学升】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语全程时习测试卷（人教版·新教材）吉林专版

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语Unit 4过关检测卷，以自然奇观（如山脉、雨林、河流）为主题，融合地理常识与语言知识，通过多样化题型考查学生语言运用能力，适配单元复习需求，兼具文化意识与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|5题|形容词比较级、名词辨析等|结合自然景观语境考查基础语法| |完形填空|10题|乔戈里峰相关词汇|以真实地理素材构建语篇，考查上下文理解| |阅读理解|30题|四大雨林、石头河等|采用多文本形式（表格、短文），培养信息筛选与跨文化认知| |写作|1题|河流奇观介绍|要求描述特征、影响及感受，提升综合语言表达与逻辑思维|

Unit 4 过关检测卷 一、语言知识运用 Ⅰ. 单项选择：从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。 1. Nothing is ________ than keeping trying if you want to achieve your dream. A. as important as B. more important C. the most important 2. We teenagers should look up to the people who have made great ________, like Lei Jun and Qian Xuesen. A. achievements B. agreements C. environments 3. —How deep is the river? —It’s about ________. A. 50-metres-deep B. 50-metre-deep C. 50 metres deep 4. —Now we can “plant trees” at the bottom of the sea. —It’s a new way to help ________ the sea. A. paint B. protect C. create 5. The Victoria Falls in Africa is one of the world’s amazing ________ wonders. A. changeable B. determined C. natural Ⅱ. 完成对话：从下面选择正确选项，其中有一个选项与对话内容无关。 A: Peter, I hear you have just come back from Beijing. ____6____ B: Oh, it’s fantastic. It’s one of the most interesting places I’ve ever seen. A: ____7____ B: I went to many places, but I’m interested in the Great Wall most. A: Could you tell me something about it? B: Well, it is one of the greatest wonders in the world. A: ____8____ Tell me more about it. B: ____9____ It’s over 4,000 miles long and it looks wonderful. A: ____10____ B: It’s about 2,600 years old. A. Where did you go? B. It was built by the first emperor of China. C. How high is it? D. How do you like it? E. Sounds interesting. F. How old is it? Ⅲ. 补全对话：根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、正确，每空词数不限。 A: Hi, Anna. B: Hi, Mark. A: ____11____? B: I learned some important geographical facts (地理常识) at school today. A: Great. ____12____? B: Of course I know. The biggest salt lake in the world is the Caspian Sea. A: Very good! ____13____? B: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. A: ____14____? B: I learned that China is an ancient country. It has a history of more than 5,000 years. A: You’re right. ____15____? B: I also learn the highest mountain and some animals. Ⅳ. 完形填空：根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。 Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as Savage Mountain because many people used to die or get hurt while ___16___ it. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People never climb Mount K2 in ___17___. Both storms and cold weather make it ___18___ to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as one of the most ___19___ mountains to climb. It is known by different ___20___ such as Chogori, Ketu and Mount Godwin-Austen. The name Chogori ___21___ “the king of mountains”. This mountain lies between the border of Pakistan and China. A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other ___22___ of the mountain lies in Xinjiang, China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the ___23___ K2, where “K” stood for Kechu. K2 was the second mountain listed, so the name ___24___ the number “2”. The best time to climb K2 is between April and October. It ___25___ at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing. 16. A. climbing B. walking C. swimming 17. A. spring B. summer C. winter 18. A. important B. impossible C. silent 19. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting 20. A. names B. places C. mountains 21. A. listens B. shows C. means 22. A. side B. part C. joy 23. A. mountain B. people C. river 24. A. completed B. included C. provided 25. A. spends B. joins C. takes Ⅴ. 短文填空： 从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，其中有两个选项是多余的。 A. brighter B. soon C. Millions D. amazed E. rise F. because G. beautiful H. others I. as J. wonderfully K. dried L. bringing You are a nature lover? Then you must visit Zhangye Geopark (张掖地质公园) in China! It’s regarded ____26____ one of the best geoparks in the world by UNESCO. Here, you can see one of the most ____27____ rainbow hills in the world. There are plenty of low hills that look like waves and have many different colours, just like a rainbow! As ____28____ as you climb up to the top and see the hills from above, it’s like you’re looking at rainbows which are painted on the ground. Certainly, you should bring your raincoats with you ____29____ the weather may change on the climbing. You may want to know how these colourful hills came out. ____30____ of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers were ____31____ in sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements. These were left in layers (层) on the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some yellow, and the ____32____ turned purple or blue. Later, the climate became much colder and drier that the lake ____33____ up. Then, something special happened! The underground land began to ____34____ up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today. It is the most wonderful time to visit Geopark from June to September. The mornings and evenings are cooler than the hot days. You can enjoy the sunrises and sunsets. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even ____35____ and more beautiful. 二、阅读理解 Ⅵ. 根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 A Amazon Rainforest The world’s largest rainforest is in South America. It is also the most famous. The Amazon makes up half of the world’s rainforests. It has about 390,000,000 trees. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. Search our website for more information. Congo Rainforest Welcome to come and see the real Africa. The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa, covering a large part of Northern Congo. The Congo River passes through this rainforest, and it is the second-largest river in the world. The Congo rainforest is the only place on earth where you can see the bonobo (倭黑猩猩). The bonobo is the animal most like humans. Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is over 135 million years old, making it the oldest rainforest in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometers and is home to many animals and plants not found anywhere else in the world. It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist (地质学家). Let’s begin the rainforest travel from Port Douglas. Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia, covering Cambodia, Laos, and the Malay Peninsula. It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others. As with other rainforests, joining our tour seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 36. If you want to see Amazon rainforest, you can go to ________. A. Brazil B. Congo C. Australia D. Cambodia 37. Which rainforest is in Africa? A. Amazon Rainforest. B. Congo Rainforest. C. Daintree Rainforest. D. Southeast Asian Rainforest. 38. How does Daintree rainforest get the name? A. From a river in the rainforest. B. From one of the rainforest animals. C. From a famous geologist. D. From an interesting plant. 39. What can we learn from the passage? A. Amazon Rainforest only runs through Peru. B. Congo River is the largest river in the world. C. Daintree Rainforest is the youngest rainforest. D. There are Bengal tigers in Southeast Asian Rainforest. 40. Who is the text written for? A. Artists. B. Nurses. C. Visitors. D. Women. B The Big Stone River is one of the most amazing stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象) of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, as one comes near to the rocky river, the sound of running water can be hear rocks fell down from the mountains slowly and made the river of rocks. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It cuts through a thick forest like a real river. It is about 200 meters wide and in some places, it is up to 700 meters wide. Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 meters deep. Scientists believe it is the consequence of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, ice covered the top of the mountains. As time went by, the ice turned into water. The Seeing the amazing river is a great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above. Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 41. Why is the Big Stone River special? A. Because it is in Taganai Park. B. Because it is full of fish. C. Because it is impossible to see water there. D. Because the sound of running water is loud. 42. How wide is the widest part of the Big Stone River? A. 6 meters. B. 200 meters. C. 700 meters. D. 6,000 meters. 43. What does the underlined word “consequence” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Reason. B. Result. C. End. D. Beginning. 44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Big Stone River is the only stone river in the world. B. The Big Stone River is a real river through a thick forest. C. The Big Stone River is made up of some big rocky rivers. D. Enjoying the Big Stone River from a higher place is the best way. 45. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Big Stone River B. A Very Amazing Stone C. An Unforgettable Experience D. A Running River C When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow? Both answers are right, but in the mountains there is a place called the Valley of Flowers and you can see a very different scene there. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered animals. The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand (北阿坎德邦), one state in the north of India. It is more than 87.5 square kilometres. There are flowers everywhere. However, these flowers are not quite the same as what we often see. They grow in high places in the mountains. There are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. They bloom (开花) between June and September. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world with different colours. There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world! What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards (雪豹). Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park. Visitors can’t build anything or live there. They can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正(T)、误(F)。 46. The Valley of Flowers is located in the southern part of India. 47. Flowers in the Valley of Flowers start to bloom in July. 48. Some plants in the valley cannot be found anywhere else in the world. 49. Visitors are allowed to stay overnight in the Valley of Flowers National Park. 50. Now people have turned the national park into a Valley of Flowers. D Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas. ____51____ Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 metres high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas. However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. ____52____ Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). ____53____ Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there. Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years. ____54____ However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. ____55____ Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world. 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A. The sport first became popular in England. B. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. C. The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. D. So mountain tourism is developing very slowly. E. Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. F. People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. E Nature photography means taking pictures of things outside, especially the wonders of nature. You can do this anywhere with a camera or a phone. Here are some suggestions to get started. ________ First, choose where you want to take photos. If you’re a beginner, you can start in your neighborhood or a nearby park. You can shoot wild animals, like birds or squirrels. You can look closely at trees, especially when the seasons are changing. As you improve, you can try taking photos of larger views, such as mountains or lakes. ________ The best times to take photos are just after sunrise and right before sunset. During these times, the sunlight is soft and gives your pictures a nice glow (光亮). Try to keep the Sun behind you if you want your subject to be bright and clear. ________ Before taking a picture, decide what you want to see and what you don’t. Turn your camera a little to the right, then to the left. See how this changes the photo and whether one side looks better. Change your angles. Point your camera toward the ground or up to the sky to capture those views as well. ________ While you take photos, sometimes you may meet something professional. If it’s necessary, you’d better ask a professional photographer for help in order that you can make rapid progress. If you’d like to learn more, you can also find photography classes or look for lessons online. ________ The best way to become a better photographer is to practise more. As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” The more photos you take, the better you will do. 根据短文内容，从下面选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A. Try different angles (角度). B. Find a partner. C. Keep practising. D. Pick out a setting. E. Ask for help if necessary. F. Use natural light. 56. ________ 57. ________ 58. ________ 59. ________ 60. ________ 61. 根据短文内容，补全下面方框中的句子，每空一词。 Some suggestions to start nature photography ☆Choose ________ you want to take photos. A beginner can start in a nearby park and then try taking photos of larger views, such as mountains or lakes as you improve. ☆The best ________ to take photos are just after sunrise and right before sunset when the sunlight is soft and gives your pictures a nice glow. ☆Turn your camera and change different ________, or point your camera toward the ground or up to the sky to capture those views as well. ☆Ask a professional ________ for help or find photography classes or look for lessons online if it’s necessary. ☆The best way to become a better photographer is to ________ more. F Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848.86 metres high. It’s called “the Roof of the World”. But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called “the Roof of Africa”. Climb lovers’ dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro It is one of the world’s highest “walkable” mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve. The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on 6th October, 1889. The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but a research said that it might disappear. One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming. The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 62. How high is Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________ 63. Who were the first people to reach the top of Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________ 64. How long has the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro formed? _______________________________________________________ 65. What might cause the disappearance of the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro according to the passage? _______________________________________________________ 66. When is the best time for many people to climb Mount Kilimanjaro? _______________________________________________________ 三、写作 Ⅶ. 作文：根据要求，完成写作。 67. 请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一处你感兴趣的河流奇观。 提示： （1）说明河流的名称及主要特点； （2）谈谈它对周边文明或环境的影响； （3）表达你的看法或感受。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数80左右； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 4 过关检测卷 一、语言知识运用 Ⅰ. 单项选择：从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。 【1题答案】 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你想实现你的梦想，没有什么比持续努力更重要。 考查形容词比较级。as important as“和……一样重要”，用于原级比较；more important“更重要的”，是比较级形式；the most important“最重要的”，是最高级形式。根据句中的“than”，可知此处需要形容词的比较级，构成“nothing is more important than ...”结构，意为“没有什么比……更重要”。故选B。 【2题答案】 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们青少年应该敬仰那些做出了伟大成就的人，像雷军和钱学森。 考查名词辨析。achievements成就； agreements协议； environments环境。根据“like Lei Jun and Qian Xuesen”可知，雷军（企业家）和钱学森（科学家）都以贡献著称，“made great”后应接表示积极成果名词，而“achievements”符合“成就”之意，其余选项与语境不符。故选A。 【3题答案】 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这条河有多深？——大约50米深。 考查度量表达。英语中表示“长、宽、高、深”等度量时，常用“数字 + 单位（复数） + 形容词”结构，单位前无连字符。选项A“50-metres-deep”单位错误（连字符形式中单位需用单数）；选项B“50-metre-deep”是复合形容词，仅用于修饰名词，不能直接作表语；选项C“50 metres deep”符合表语结构要求。故选C。 【4题答案】 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——现在我们可以在海底“种树”了。——这是一种帮助保护海洋的新方法。 考查动词辨析。paint绘画；protect保护；create创造。根据“Now we can ‘plant trees’ at the bottom of the sea.”可知，这是一种环保行动，旨在保护海洋生态。故选B。 【5题答案】 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：非洲的维多利亚瀑布是世界惊人的自然奇观之一。 考查形容词辨析。changeable可变的；determined坚定的；natural自然的。根据常识，维多利亚瀑布是自然形成的景观，natural为形容词，意为“自然的”，修饰“wonders”（奇观），强调其天然属性。故选C。 Ⅱ. 完成对话：从下面选择正确选项，其中有一个选项与对话内容无关。 【6~10题答案】 【答案】6. D 7. A 8. E 9. B 10. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则对话，主要内容为A与刚从北京回来的皮特交流北京之行的感受，重点谈论了长城的相关信息。 【6题详解】 根据下文B的回应“Oh, it’s fantastic. It’s one of the most interesting places I’ve ever seen.”可知，此处是A询问皮特对北京的看法。选项D“你觉得北京怎么样？”符合语境。故选D。 【7题详解】 根据下文B的回答“I went to many places, but I’m interested in the Great Wall most.”可知，此处是A询问皮特在北京去了哪些地方。选项A“你去了哪里？”符合语境。故选A。 【8题详解】 根据上文B提到长城是世界最伟大的奇迹之一，以及下文“Tell me more about it.”可知，此处是A对长城的介绍表示感兴趣。选项E“听起来很有趣。”符合语境。故选E。 【9题详解】 根据上下文围绕长城展开介绍，以及后文“ It’s over 4,000 miles long ”可知，此处是B补充长城的相关信息。选项B“它是由中国的第一位皇帝修建的。”符合语境。故选B。 【10题详解】 根据下文B的回答“It’s about 2,600 years old.”可知，此处是A询问长城的历史年限。选项F“它有多少年历史了?”符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ. 补全对话：根据所给对话，填写适当的内容，使其完整、正确，每空词数不限。 【11~15题答案】 【答案】11. What did you learn at school today 12. Do you know the biggest salt lake in the world 13. Which is the biggest desert in the world 14. What did you learn about China 15. What else did you learn 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是马克和安娜围绕安娜当天在学校学到的地理常识展开问答交流。 【11题详解】 根据“I learned some important geographical facts (地理常识) at school today.”可知，A想要询问B今天在学校学了些什么。故填What did you learn at school today。 【12题详解】 根据“Of course I know. The biggest salt lake in the world is the Caspian Sea.”可知，A想要询问B知道世界上最大的咸水湖吗。故填Do you know the biggest salt lake in the world。 【13题详解】 根据“The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.”可知，设空处询问世界上最大的沙漠。故填Which is the biggest desert in the world。 【14题详解】 根据“I learned that China is an ancient country. It has a history of more than 5,000 years.”可知，此处是询问今天的课程中关于中国，学到了什么。故填What did you learn about China。 【15题详解】 根据“I also learn the highest mountain and some animals.”可知，此处是询问还学到了什么。故填What else did you learn。 Ⅳ. 完形填空：根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。 【16~25题答案】 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界第二高峰乔戈里峰K2的别称、攀登难度、地理位置、命名由来及最佳攀登时间等信息。 【16题详解】 句意：它被称为“野蛮峰”，因为过去很多人在攀登它时死亡或受伤。 climbing攀登；walking步行；swimming游泳。根据“Mount K2 (乔戈里峰 )”和“die or get hurt”可知，此处指“攀登”山峰，climbing符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：人们从不在冬天攀登乔戈里峰。 spring春天；summer夏天；winter冬天。根据“Both storms and cold weather make it ... to climb this mountain during that time”可知，风暴和寒冷天气对应的季节是冬天，所以人们不会在冬天攀登，winter符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：风暴和寒冷天气让那段时间攀登这座山变得不可能。 important重要的；impossible不可能的；silent安静的。根据“storms and cold weather”可知，此时攀登是“不可能的”，impossible符合逻辑。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：乔戈里峰是最难攀登的山峰之一。 difficult困难的；easy容易的；interesting有趣的。根据“Both storms and cold weather make it ... to climb this mountain during that time.”可知，它是一座“难攀登的”山峰，difficult符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：它有不同的名字，比如Chogori、Ketu和MountGodwin-Austen。 names名字；places地方；mountains山脉。根据“such as Chogori, Ketu and Mount Godwin-Austen”可知，这些是它的不同“名字”，names符合语境。故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：“Chogori”这个名字的意思是“山中之王”。 listens听；shows展示；means意思是。根据““the king of mountains””是对“Chogori”的解释，可知此处指名字“意思是”，means符合要求。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：这座山的另一部分位于中国新疆。 side边；part部分；joy乐趣。根据前文“A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan.”可知，此处指“另一部分”，part符合语境。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：他把这座山命名为K2。 mountain山；people人们；river河流。根据“Mount K2”可知，此处指给“山”命名，mountain符合语境。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：K2是列出的第二座山，所以名字包含了数字“2”。 completed完成；included包含；provided提供。根据“K2 was the second mountain listed,”可知，名字里“包含”了数字“2”，included符合逻辑。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：完成攀登至少需要3周时间。 spends花费（主语是人）；joins加入；takes花费（主语是物）。此处主语是“It”指代攀登这件事，“It takes+时间+to do sth.”是固定句型，takes符合要求。故选C。 Ⅴ. 短文填空： 【26~35题答案】 【答案】26. I 27. G 28. B 29. F 30. C 31. L 32. H 33. K 34. E 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国张掖地质公园，包括其获得的赞誉、独特景观、形成原因以及适宜游览时间等内容。 【26题详解】 句意：它被联合国教科文组织视为世界上最好的地质公园之一。根据“It’s regarded ... one of the best geoparks in the world by UNESCO.”可知，be regarded as是固定短语，意为“被视为，被当作”。故选I。 【27题详解】 句意：在这里，你可以看到世界上最美丽的彩虹山之一。根据“you can see one of the most ... rainbow hills in the world.”可知，“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”。故选G。 【28题详解】 句意：当你爬到山顶，从上面看这些山，就好像你在看被画在地上的彩虹。根据“As ... as you climb up to the top and see the hills from above”可知，as soon as是固定短语，意为“一……就……”。故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：当然，你应该带上雨衣，因爬山时天气可能会变化。根据“you should bring your raincoats with you ... the weather may change on the climbing.”可知，这里用连词“because”，意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故选F。 【30题详解】 句意：几百万年之前，这片区域还在湖底。根据“... of years ago, this area was under a lake.”可知，表达“数百万年前”，用来描述一个非常久远的时间点，符合地质演化的背景。故选C。 【31题详解】 句意：随着时间的推移，河流带来了含有不同金属元素的沙子和石头。根据“Over time, rivers were ... in sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements.”可知，“were + 现在分词”构成过去进行时，这里表示河流不断带来沙子和石头；此处rivers和bring是主动关系，bring的现在分词是bringing。故选L。 【32题详解】 句意：有些层是红色的，有些是黄色的，其他的变成了紫色或蓝色。根据“Some layers were red, some yellow, and the ... turned purple or blue.”可知，some ... others ...是固定搭配，意为“一些……其他的……”，填others符合语境。故选H。 【33题详解】 句意：后来，气候变得如此寒冷和干燥，以至于湖泊干涸了。根据“the climate became much colder and drier that the lake ... up”可知，表达“湖泊干涸了”， dry up  是固定短语，意为“干涸”。故选K。 【34题详解】 句意：地下土地开始上升并相互挤压。根据“The underground land began to ... up and push against each other.”可知，begin to do sth.是固定用法，意为“开始做某事”，填 rise符合语境。故选E。 【35题详解】 句意：夏日雨后的阳光会让这些颜色变得更加明亮，也更加美丽。根据“Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even ... and more beautiful.”可知，此处指夏日午后的阳光会让山丘的颜色变得“更亮、更美”。故选A。 二、阅读理解 Ⅵ. 根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 A 【36~40题答案】 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界四大雨林的基本信息和特点。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Amazon Rainforest”部分的“The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on.”可知，亚马逊河流经亚马逊雨林，流经8个国家，如巴西、秘鲁等。因此，你若想看亚马逊热带雨林，可以去巴西。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Congo Rainforest”部分的“The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa.”可知，世界第二大雨林——刚果雨林位于非洲中部。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Daintree Rainforest”部分的“It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist.”可知，它的名字来源于澳大利亚著名地质学家Richard Daintree。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Southeast Asian Rainforest”部分的“It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others.”可知，东南亚雨林有孟加拉虎。故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。全文介绍了四大雨林的特点和旅游相关信息，根据“Search our website for more information.”和“joining our tour seems to be the best way to go”可推知，文章的目标读者是潜在游客。故选C。 B 【41~45题答案】 【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了俄罗斯的石头河。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen.”可知，与其他河流不同的是，它充满了岩石和石块，一滴水也看不见。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It is about 200 meters wide and in some places, it is up to 700 meters wide.”可知，在某些地方，它的宽度可达700米。故选C。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Scientists believe it is the consequence of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago.”可知，科学家认为这是大约一万年前冰川运动的结果。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above.”可知，最佳观赏位置是在高处。故选D。 【45题详解】 最佳标题题。文章通篇在介绍俄罗斯的石头河，故最佳标题为“The Big Stone River”。故选A。 C 【46~50题答案】 【答案】46. F 47. F 48. T 49. F 50. F 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了喜马拉雅山脉中的花谷，涵盖其地理位置、花卉与动植物资源，以及它作为国家公园的游客管理规定等内容。 【46题详解】 根据原文第二段第一句“The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand (北阿坎德邦), one state in the north of India.”可知，花谷位于印度的北部，并非南部。故答案为F。 【47题详解】 根据原文第二段中“They bloom (开花) between June and September.”可知，花谷的花花期是六月到九月，并非七月开始开花。故答案为F。 【48题详解】 根据原文第三段中“Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world!”可知，谷里部分植物在世界其他地方难以找到。故答案为T。 【49题详解】 根据原文第四段中“They can only stay there for one day.”可知，游客只能在花谷国家公园停留一天，不允许过夜。故答案为F。 【50题详解】 根据原文第四段中“Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park.”可知，是人们将花谷改建成了国家公园，并非把国家公园改成花谷。故答案为F。 D 【51~55题答案】 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. F 54. A 55. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山脉不太适合人类居住的原因，同时阐述了山脉对人类的重要性，还讲述了登山运动的发展历程。 【51题详解】 根据下文“Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe.”可知，高海拔地区空气稀薄导致呼吸困难，选项C“山越高，空气就会越少。”符合语境。故选C。 【52题详解】 根据上文“Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains.”可知，山脉是重要的水源，选项B“世界上很多人依靠山脉获取饮用水。”符合语境。故选B。 【53题详解】 根据上文“Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产).”可知，山脉的矿产资源有利用价值，选项F“住在山里的人依靠山脉谋生。”符合语境（矿产可作为谋生资源）。故选F。 【54题详解】 根据上文“Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years.”以及下文“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”可知，此处讲登山运动的发展历程，选项A“这项运动最初在英国流行起来。”符合语境。故选A。 【55题详解】 根据下文“Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.”可知，登山运动如今很流行。选项E“现在越来越多的人尝试攀登最高的山。”符合语境。故选E。 E 【56~61题答案】 【答案】56. D 57. F 58. A 59. E 60. C 61. ①. where ②. times ③. angles ④. photographer ⑤. practise 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自然摄影的入门建议，涵盖拍摄场景选择、光线利用、角度尝试、专业求助及坚持练习等内容。 【56题详解】 根据本段“First, choose where you want to take photos”可知，这段主旨是选择拍摄场景。选项D“选定一个场景。”符合语境。故选D。 【57题详解】 根据本段“The best times to take photos are just after sunrise and right before sunset ... the sunlight is soft.”可知，这段主旨是利用自然光。选项F“利用自然光。” 符合语境。故选F。 【58题详解】 根据本段“Change your angles. Point your camera toward the ground or up to the sky.”可知，这段主旨是尝试不同拍摄角度。选项A“尝试不同的角度。”符合语境。故选A。 【59题详解】 根据本段“you’d better ask a professional photographer for help”可知，这段主旨是必要时寻求帮助。选项E“必要时寻求帮助。”符合语境。故选E。 【60题详解】 根据本段“The best way to become a better photographer is to practise more”可知，这段主旨是坚持练习。选项C“坚持练习。”符合语境。故选C。 【61题详解】 ①根据短文中“First, choose where you want to take photos”可知，此处是选择拍摄的地点。故填where。 ②根据短文中“The best times to take photos are just after sunrise and right before sunset.”可知，此处是指拍摄的最佳时间。故填times。 ③根据短文中“Change your angles. Point your camera toward the ground or up to the sky.”可知，此处是指变换不同的拍摄角度。故填angles。 ④根据短文中“you’d better ask a professional photographer for help”可知，此处是指向专业摄影师求助。故填photographer。 ⑤根据短文中“The best way to become a better photographer is to practise more.”可知，此处是指要多练习。故填practise。 F 【62~66题答案】 【答案】62. 5,895 metres above sea level. 63. Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. 64. For about 11,000 years. 65. Global warming. 66. The best time for many people is during the two “dry” seasons: from January to March and from June to October. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山，涵盖其海拔高度、登山适宜时间、首次登顶记录、山顶雪冠的形成时长及可能消失的原因等内容。 【62题详解】 根据文章第一段“which is 5,895 metres above sea level”可知，乞力马扎罗山的海拔为5895米。故填5,895 metres above sea level. 【63题详解】 根据“The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro”部分的“It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller”可知，首次登顶乞力马扎罗山的是Hans Meyer和Ludwig Purtscheller。故填Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. 【64题详解】 根据“The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro”部分的“It formed about 11,000 years ago”可知，乞力马扎罗山的雪冠已形成约11000年。故填For about 11,000 years. 【65题详解】 根据文章中“One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming”可知，导致乞力马扎罗山雪冠可能消失的原因是全球变暖。故填Global warming. 【66题详解】 根据“Climb lovers’ dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro”部分的“many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two ‘dry’ seasons, January to March and June to October”可知，很多人选择的最佳登山时间是该山的两个旱季（1月到3月、6月到10月）。故填The best time for many people is during the two “dry” seasons: from January to March and from June to October. 三、写作 Ⅶ. 作文：根据要求，完成写作。 【67题答案】 【答案】例文 The Yangtze River The Yangtze River is one of the most magnificent natural wonders in China. As the longest river in Asia, it stretches over 6,300 kilometres and flows through diverse landscapes, from snow-capped mountains to fertile plains. Ancient Chinese civilization thrived along its banks, relying on its waters for agriculture, transportation, and trade. The river not only provides essential water resources but also plays a crucial role in the environment, helping many creatures survive. I feel deeply proud of this amazing river, which symbolizes the life and spirit of the Chinese people. Its beauty and power truly inspire awe and respect. 【解析】 【详解】【总体分析】 ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：需包括河流名称及特点、对文明或环境的影响、个人看法或感受，词数80左右。 【写作步骤】 第一步：介绍河流名称和主要特点（如长度、位置）； 第二步：讨论对周边文明和环境的影响（如支持农业、生态问题）； 第三步：表达个人看法或感受（如赞美和保护呼吁）。 【亮点词汇】 ①natural wonders自然景观 ②Chinese civilization中华文明 ③not only ... but also不仅……而且 【高分句型】 ①The Nile River is the longest river in the world.（形容词最高级结构） ②Its annual flooding fertilizes the soil, helping ancient Egyptian civilization grow.（现在分词短语作状语） ③I think the Nile is amazing and we should protect it.（宾语从句和并列连词） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $