Unit 1 Animal Friends复习讲测练2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦七下暑假衔接“Animal Friends”主题，整合词汇、语音、句型、语法及综合应用，通过动物保护情境渗透语言能力与文化意识，适配暑期复习巩固。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |即时练习|30题|40核心词（fox/wolf等）、24短语（take care of等）、词性转换（danger→dangerous）|结合动物特征设题，如“elephant has a long t__”强化词汇应用| |语音练习|3题|字母a/ai/ay发音、名词复数-s/-es规则、弱读|分类与辨音结合，如“game/make归为/eɪ/”提升语音感知| |综合训练|50题+1篇写作|特殊疑问句、祈使句、情态动词（can/must）、名词数与冠词、形容词（-ing/-ed）|阅读聚焦蚂蚁/动物智能，完形融入救助小鸟故事，写作“ My Favourite Animal”要求描述特征及保护措施，体现思维品质与文化意识|

Unit 1 · Animal Friends复习讲测练（解析版） 词汇即时练习答案 一、根据首字母或中文提示填空 1. trunk 2. ivory 3. dangerous 4. symbol 5. save 6. Antarctica 7. playful 8. luck 9. neck 10. scary 二、词形填空 1. dangerous 2. scared 3. friendly 4. playful 5. lucky 6. careful 7. beautiful 8. interesting 9. tired 三、选短语填空 1. in danger 2. made of 3. take care of 4. cut down 5. a symbol of 6. pick up 7. is good for 8. are, from 语音练习答案 语音练习一 /eɪ/: game, rain, make, play /æ/: fat, cat, happy, bag /ɔː/: walk, small, draw, saw 语音练习二（圈出正确发音） 1. cats /s/ 2. dogs /z/ 3. boxes /ɪz/ 4. monkeys /z/ 5. lions /z/ 6. elephants /s/ 7. foxes /z/ 8. giraffes /s/ 9. snakes /s/ 10. sharks /s/ 语音练习三 1. and, are 2. you, them, are 3. can, you 核心句型——特殊疑问句选择题 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 语法突破即时练习答案 祈使句 1. Don't run 2. Be 3. go 情态动词 1. must 2. can't 3. A (has to) 4. B (don't have to) 5. C (mustn't) 名词与冠词 1. sheep 2. an 3. advice 4. The 5. a 6. B (an hour) 形容词 1. boring 2. interested, interesting 3. tired, tiring 4. exciting, excited 五、综合训练详细解析 （一）单项选择 1. B 句意：——你为什么喜欢熊猫？——因为它们可爱。 解析：问句回答是“Because they are cute.”，表示原因。Why 用来询问原因。What 问事物，Where 问地点，Which 问选择，都不符合。故选 B。 2. B 句意：“game”这个单词与下列哪个单词有相同的元音发音？ 解析：game 中的字母 a 发 /eɪ/，make 中的 a 也发 /eɪ/。cat 和 fat 中的 a 发 /æ/，happy 中的 a 发 /æ/。因此与 game 发音相同的是 make。故选 B。 3. A 句意：在走廊里走。跑步很危险。 解析：这是一个祈使句，表示劝告或命令。祈使句以动词原形开头，否定形式是 Don't + 动词原形。根据后文“跑步很危险”，所以应该是“在走廊里走”，用 Walk。B 是不定式，C 是现在分词，D 是第三人称单数，都不对。故选 A。 4. C 句意：你不得在图书馆里吃东西。这是不允许的。 解析：mustn't 表示“禁止”。can 表示可以，must 表示必须，don't have to 表示不必，都不符合“不允许”的语境。故选 C。 5. C 句意：——企鹅来自哪里？——南极洲。 解析：回答是“南极洲”，是一个地点，所以用 Where 提问。What 问事物，Why 问原因，Which 问选择。故选 C。 6. B 句意：“wolf”的复数形式是________。 解析：wolf 的复数形式是不规则变化，变为 wolves（f 变成 v 再加 es）。A 是直接加 s，C 是加 es 但不改 f，D 是原形，都不对。故选 B。 7. A 句意：我的狗对每个人都很友好，它从不咬人。 解析：根据“从不咬人”可知狗很友好。friendly 友好的；scary 吓人的；dangerous 危险的；huge 巨大的。只有 friendly 符合。故选 A。 8. B 句意：——狮子是什么样的？——它们强壮且危险。 解析：What are lions like? 意思是“狮子是什么样的？”，询问特征。A 回答产地，C 回答喜好，D 回答居住地，都不是特征描述。B “它们强壮且危险”是特征。故选 B。 9. B 句意：我们必须拯救森林，不要购买象牙制品。 解析：根据后文“不买象牙制品”可知要保护森林。save 拯救；cut down 砍伐；kill 杀死；lose 失去。只有 save 符合。故选 B。 10. C 句意：——这是你的笔吗？——不，它不是我的。它是汤姆的。 解析：横线处需要名词性物主代词，相当于 my pen。mine 是名词性物主代词；me 宾格；my 形容词性物主代词（后需接名词）；I 主格。故选 C。 11. C 句意：大象是泰国好运的象征。 解析：表示“大象是好运的象征”，用“the + 单数名词”表示一类事物。A 缺冠词，B 复数但后面 is 单数，D an elephant 单数但 are 复数。故选 C。 12. C 句意：她必须先完成作业。这是规定。 解析：表示客观必须，且主语是 She，第三人称单数，用 has to。have to 用于第一二人称和复数；can 可以；may 可能。故选 C。 13. C 句意：我今天有很多事情要做。我很忙。 解析：things 是可数名词复数，用 too many 修饰。too much 修饰不可数名词；much too 修饰形容词/副词；many too 错误搭配。故选 C。 14. A 句意：这个消息令人兴奋。我感到兴奋。 解析：news 消息，是事物，用 exciting 修饰；I 是人，用 excited 修饰。exciting 令人兴奋的；excited 感到兴奋的。故选 A。 15. D 句意：——你怎么去上学？——骑自行车。 解析：回答“By bike”是交通方式，用 How 提问方式。What 问事物，Why 问原因，Where 问地点。故选 D。 （二）阅读理解 A篇 1. C 句意：关于蚂蚁群的组织，可以推断出什么？ 解析：第一段说“In a colony, every ant has a job. Some take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some build and repair the nest.”说明每只蚂蚁有不同工作，因此有明确的劳动分工（division of labor）。A“每只蚂蚁做相同的工作”错误；B“蚂蚁独立工作不合作”错误；D“只有蚁后工作”错误。故选 C。 2. B 句意：作者说“那就像人举起一辆汽车”是什么意思？ 解析：作者用这个比喻强调相对于它们的体型，蚂蚁非常强壮。A“蚂蚁和人一样强壮”错误；C“人也能轻易举起汽车”错误；D“蚂蚁比人更强壮”错误。故选 B。 3. C 句意：信息素痕迹的主要目的是什么？ 解析：第二段说“When an ant finds food, it leaves a trail of chemicals called pheromones. Other ants follow this trail to the food source.”信息素痕迹的作用是引导其他蚂蚁找到食物。A 标记巢穴位置，B 警告危险，D 吸引配偶，都不符合。故选 C。 4. B 句意：作者对火蚁的态度是什么？ 解析：最后一段说“However, some ants can cause problems. Fire ants bite people and animals. Scientists are studying ways to control them without hurting the environment.”作者指出火蚁咬人是问题，但科学家正在研究不伤害环境的控制方法。因此作者的态度是“它们是个问题，但科学家正在寻找解决方案”。A“完全有害应消灭”过于绝对；C“完全不危险”错误；D“对环境有益”错误。故选 B。 5. B 句意：下列哪项最能概括这篇文章？ 解析：全文介绍了蚂蚁的社会分工、力量、信息素沟通、对环境的帮助以及火蚁的问题。作者总体上赞美蚂蚁的复杂社会结构和惊人能力。A“蚂蚁是有害害虫需要控制”片面；C“蚂蚁只对环境有用”片面；D“蚂蚁是弱小的无法独自生存”错误。故选 B。 B篇 1. B 句意：乌鸦使用树枝的例子说明了什么？ 解析：第一段说“crows can use sticks to get food out of small holes. This shows they can solve problems.”乌鸦用树枝取食表明它们能解决问题。A 筑巢，C 喜欢玩树枝，D 害怕人类，文中未提及。故选 B。 2. A 句意：第一段中“self-awareness”一词最可能的意思是________。 解析：“self-awareness”由 self（自己）和 awareness（意识）组成。文中说“Dolphins can recognize themselves in a mirror.”认出镜中的自己，这就是自我意识。A“看到自己的能力”正确；B“说话能力”，C“记忆能力”，D“学习能力”都不符合。故选 A。 3. B 句意：一些科学家对动物智力有什么看法？ 解析：第三段说“Some scientists argue that these behaviors are just instincts, not real thinking.”一些科学家认为这些行为只是本能，不是真正的思考。A“动物和人类一样聪明”错误；C“动物能学手语”是事实但不是科学家的观点；D“动物有意识”是另一派观点。故选 B。 4. C 句意：作者对动物智力的态度是什么？ 解析：最后一段说“one thing is clear: they are far more complex than we once believed.”作者认为动物比我们曾经认为的要复杂得多。A“动物根本不聪明”错误；B“只有某些动物聪明”文中未提；D“动物智力被高估”错误。故选 C。 5. B 句意：这篇文章的主要目的是什么？ 解析：文章列举了乌鸦、海豚、黑猩猩、狗、大象、狼、蜜蜂等不同动物的智慧表现，主要目的是介绍动物智慧的多种形式。A“证明动物比人聪明”错误；C“论证动物不真正思考”错误；D“描述如何训练动物”错误。故选 B。 （三）完形填空 1. A 句意：我怜悯它并决定照顾它。 解析：固定搭配 take pity on 表示“怜悯”。made 和 felt 不构成此搭配；gave pity 不常用。故选 A。 2. B 句意：起初它非常害怕，想飞走。 解析：小鸟翅膀受伤，想飞走。fly away 飞走。run 跑，jump 跳，walk 走，都不符合鸟的特性。故选 B。 3. B 句意：它吃了我给的食物，甚至在我靠近时唱歌。 解析：小鸟信任主人后，见到主人会唱歌。sang 唱歌；cried 哭喊；shouted 喊叫；laughed 笑。鸟一般唱歌表达愉悦。故选 B。 4. B 句意：三周后，它的翅膀好转了。 解析：After three weeks 三周后。Before 之前，During 在……期间，Until 直到……为止。根据逻辑，应是后来好转。故选 B。 5. C 句意：它学会了飞。 解析：learned to fly 学会飞。tried 尝试，wanted 想要，started 开始，都不如 learned 贴切。故选 C。 6. A 句意：它盘旋了几圈，然后飞向高空。 解析：circled 盘旋；walked 走；jumped 跳；ran 跑。鸟在空中是盘旋。故选 A。 7. A 句意：我感到伤心但也快乐。 解析：放走小鸟，作者感到伤心但也快乐。sad 伤心；angry 生气；excited 兴奋；surprised 惊讶。根据上下文，与“happy”并列且转折，应为 sad。故选 A。 8. D 句意：我明白照顾动物需要耐心和爱。 解析：caring for 照顾；helping 帮助；saving 拯救；raising 抚养。照顾受伤动物用 caring for。故选 D。 9. A 句意：即使是一点点善举也能产生很大的影响。 解析：固定搭配 make a difference 表示“有影响，起作用”。make a big difference 有很大的影响。do/take/have 不构成此搭配。故选 A。 10. B 句意：我希望它能在野外自由生活。 解析：freely 自由地；happily 快乐地；safely 安全地；quietly 安静地。自由飞翔最符合语境。故选 B。 （四）语法填空 1.of 解析：a friend of animals 意为“动物的朋友”，用介词of 表示所属关系，名词所有格。 2. made 解析：过去分词短语作定语，修饰 things。things made of ivory 象牙制品。 3. in danger 解析：固定短语 in danger 表示“处于危险中”。注意不是 dangerous（危险的）。 4. don't throw 解析：祈使句的否定形式，Don't + 动词原形。don't throw 不要扔。 5. them 解析：代词指代 plastic bags，复数，作宾语用 them。 6. These 解析：指示代词，复数，指代 these groups。首字母大写。 7. others 解析：tell others 告诉其他人。others 泛指别人。 8. are 解析：animals 是复数，一般现在时，用 are。 9. to help 解析：不定式作目的状语，plant trees to help forests grow back 种树以帮助森林恢复。 10. yourself 解析：反身代词，you 的反身形式。save yourself 拯救你自己。 （五）书面表达参考范文 My Favourite Animal My favourite animal is the elephant. Elephants are huge and strong. They have large ears and long trunks. They can carry heavy things with their trunks. I like them because they are very clever and kind. Elephants also take good care of their babies. However, elephants are in danger now. People cut down forests and kill them for ivory. We must save the forests and never buy things made of ivory. Every elephant counts. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 · Animal Friends（原卷） 复习讲练测（七下·暑假衔接） · 单词与短语 1. 重点单词 1. fox /fɒks/ n. 狐狸 2. wolf /wʊlf/ n. 狼 3. penguin /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ n. 企鹅 4. giraffe /dʒəˈrɑːf/ n. 长颈鹿 5. eagle /ˈiːɡl/ n. 雕；鹰 6. lion /ˈlaɪən/ n. 狮子 7. tiger /ˈtaɪɡə(r)/ n. 老虎 8. monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ n. 猴子 9. snake /sneɪk/ n. 蛇 10. shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼 11. whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸 12. cute /kjuːt/ adj. 可爱的 13. clever /ˈklevə(r)/ adj. 聪明的 14. dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 15. scary /ˈskeəri/ adj. 吓人的 16. huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj. 巨大的 17. friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 友好的 18. playful /ˈpleɪfl/ adj. 爱嬉戏的 19. care /keə(r)/ n. 照顾；护理 v. 关心；在乎 20. sandwich /ˈsænwɪtʃ/ n. 三明治 21. neck /nek/ n. 脖子 22. guess /ɡes/ v. 猜测；估计 23. trunk /trʌŋk/ n. 象鼻 24. pick /pɪk/ v. 捡；摘 25. carry /ˈkæri/ v. 拿；提 26. swimmer /ˈswɪmə(r)/ n. 游泳者 27. culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 文化 28. however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv. 然而；不过 29. danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ n. 危险 30. forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林 31. kill /kɪl/ v. 杀死 32. ivory /ˈaɪvəri/ n. 象牙 33. quite /kwaɪt/ adv. 相当；完全 34. fur /fɜː(r)/ n. 软毛 35. blind /blaɪnd/ adj. 瞎的；失明的 36. hearing /ˈhɪərɪŋ/ n. 听力 37. save /seɪv/ v. 拯救 38. luck /lʌk/ n. 幸运 39. Thai /taɪ/ adj. 泰国的 40. Antarctica /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ n. 南极洲 41. Africa /ˈæfrɪkə/ n. 非洲 42. Thailand /ˈtaɪlænd/ n. 泰国 2. 重点短语 • take (good) care of – （很好地）照顾 • look after – 照顾 • see sb. do sth. – 看见某人做某事 • see sb. doing sth. – 看见某人正在做某事 • be from / come from – 来自 • keep + adj. – 保持…… • be good for – 对……有好处 • look like – 看起来像 • a symbol of – ……的象征 • national animal – 国宝动物 • look different from – 看起来与……不同 • pick up – 拿起；捡起 • in some ways – 在某些方面 • for example – 例如 • one another / each other – 互相 • an important part of – ……重要的一部分 • in (great) danger – 处于（极大）危险中 • cut down – 砍伐 • too many – 太多（修饰可数名词） • kill...for... – 为……而杀 • made of – 由……制成 • quite a – 相当；非常 • not...at all – 一点也不 • play with – 和……玩 3. 词性变化与派生词 · danger (n.) → dangerous (adj.) 危险 → 危险的 · scare (v.) → scary (adj.) 吓人的 / scared (adj.) 感到害怕的 · friend (n.) → friendly (adj.) 朋友 → 友好的 · luck (n.) → lucky (adj.) 幸运的 / unlucky (adj.) 不幸的 · care (n.v.) → careful (adj.) 小心的 / careless (adj.) 粗心的 · play (v.) → playful (adj.) 玩耍 → 爱玩的 · beauty (n.) → beautiful (adj.) 美丽 → 美丽的 · interest (n.v.) → interesting (adj.) 令人感兴趣的 / interested (adj.) 感兴趣的 · tire (v.) → tiring (adj.) 令人疲倦的 / tired (adj.) 疲倦的 ➤ 即时练习 一、根据首字母或中文提示填空 1. An elephant has a long t________ to drink water. 2. People kill elephants for their i________ （象牙）. 3. Wolves are very d________, but they take care of their babies. 4. Pandas are a s________ of friendship in China. 5. We should s________ the forests and animals. 6. Penguins are from A________. It's very cold there. 7. The little monkey is very p________ and loves to play. 8. In Thailand, the elephant is a symbol of good l________. 9. The giraffe has a very long n________. 10. Sharks are very s________ animals in the sea. 二、词形填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. It is ________ (danger) to swim in the river. 2. The little girl was ________ (scare) when she saw the big snake. 3. My dog is very ________ (friend) to everyone. 4. What a ________ (play) kitten it is! 5. I was ________ (luck) to meet a kind person. 6. Be ________ (care) when you cross the street. 7. The ________ (beauty) peacock spread its tail. 8. The movie is very ________ (interest). We all like it. 9. I felt ________ (tire) after running for 30 minutes. 三、选短语填空 从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。 take care of / in danger / cut down / made of / a symbol of / pick up / be good for / be from 1. Many wild animals are ________ because of pollution. 2. This table is ________ wood. 3. We must ________ the sick boy. He needs help. 4. People should not ________ too many trees. 5. The Great Wall is ________ China. 6. Could you help me ________ the book on the floor? 7. Eating vegetables ________ our health. 8. — Where ________ pandas ________? — China. · 单元重点语音 字母a/ai/ay/al/aw 的发音 /eɪ/ game, make, rain, play /æ/ fat, cat, bag, happy /ɔː/ walk, small, talk, draw 名词复数 -s/-es 发音规则 为发音流畅，词尾 -s/-es 的读音取决于词尾最后一个音素： • 清辅音（如 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f）后读 /s/ • 浊辅音（如 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v）和元音后读 /z/ • 以 /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ 结尾时，加 -es 读 /ɪz/ 弱读 英语句子有轻重节奏。实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词）重读，虚词（代词、介词、连词、助动词等）通常弱读，以突出主要信息。弱读时元音常变为 /ə/ 或消失，使语流更顺畅。 语音练习一：将下列单词按划线部分发音分类 game, fat, walk, rain, cat, small, make, happy, draw, play, bag, saw /eɪ/ ________________________________________________ /æ/ ________________________________________________ /ɔː/ ________________________________________________ 语音练习二：判断下列单词词尾 -s 读 /s/ 还是 /z/圈出正确发音 1. cats /s/ /z/ 2. dogs /s/ /z/ 3. boxes /s/ /z/ 4. monkeys /s/ /z/ 5. lions /s/ /z/ 6. elephants /s/ /z/ 7. foxes /s/ /z/ 8. giraffes /s/ /z/ 9. snakes /s/ /z/ 10. sharks /s/ /z 语音练习三：划出句子中弱读的单词 1. Let's go and see the monkeys. They're my favourite animals. 2. Why do you like them? Because they're very clever. 3. I can help you with your homework. · 核心句型——特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 是用来对句子中某一特定部分进行提问的句子，由“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”构成（疑问词作主语时语序不变），不能用 Yes/No 回答。 1. what 询问事物、名字、职业等。 例：What's your favourite animal? 你最喜欢的动物是什么？ 例：What can elephants do? 大象能做什么？ 例：What is your sister? 你姐姐是做什么的？ 2. why 询问原因，常用 because 回答。 例：Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫？ — Because they are cute. 因为它们可爱。 注意：because 和 so 不能同时用在一个句子中。 3. where 询问地点。 例：Where are penguins from? 企鹅来自哪里？ 例：Where do you live? 你住在哪里？ 4. which 在限定范围内选择。 例：Which animal do you like better, the lion or the tiger? 你更喜欢哪个动物，狮子还是老虎？ 例：Which color do you prefer, red or blue? 你更喜欢哪个颜色，红色还是蓝色？ 5. when 询问时间。 例：When should they be back? 他们什么时候回来？ 6. how 询问方式、程度等。 例：How do you go to school? 你怎样去上学？ 例：How tall is the giraffe? 长颈鹿有多高？ 7. what...like? 询问特征或外貌。 例：What are wolves like? 狼是什么样的？ — They are very dangerous. 它们很危险。 选择正确的疑问词 (what/why/where/which/when/how/what...like) ( ) 1. — ________ do you like giraffes? — Because they are friendly. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 2. — ________ is your favourite animal? — The penguin. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 3. — ________ are elephants from? — Africa. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 4. — ________ animal do you like better, the lion or the tiger? A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 5. — ________ don't you like snakes? — Because they're scary. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 6. — ________ are koalas like? — They are cute and lazy. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 7. — ________ do you usually get up? — At 7:00. A. What B. Why C. When D. Which ( ) 8. — ________ do you go to school? — By bus. A. What B. Why C. Where D. How · 语法突破 1. 祈使句 祈使句用来表达命令、请求、劝告、警告等，主语 you 通常省略，以动词原形开头。 肯定形式： 动词原形 + 其他。 例：Walk in the hallway. 在走廊里走。 例：Be quiet. 安静。 否定形式： Don't + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：Don't run. 不要跑。 例：Don't be late. 不要迟到。 以 Let 开头的祈使句： 例：Let's go and see the monkeys. 我们去看猴子吧。 例：Let him come in. 让他进来。 ➤ 即时练习（祈使句） 1. ________ (not run) in the hallways. It's dangerous. 2. ________ quiet in the library. 3. Let's ________ to the zoo this weekend. 2. 情态动词 can / must / have to can 表示“可以”（许可）或“能够”（能力）。否定式 can't 表示“不可以”或“不能”。 例：You can eat in the dining hall. 你可以在餐厅吃饭。 例：I can't swim. 我不会游泳。 must 表示“必须”（主观上认为有必要）。否定式 mustn't 表示“禁止”。 例：We must follow the rules. 我们必须遵守规则。 例：You mustn't litter. 禁止乱扔垃圾。 have to 表示“不得不”（客观要求）。有人称和数的变化 (has to），否定式 don't/doesn't have to 表示“不必”。 例：She has to wear a uniform. 她不得不穿校服。 例：We don't have to go. 我们不必去。 注意： mustn't 表示“禁止”，don't have to 表示“不必”，两者不同。 ➤ 即时练习（情态动词） 1. You ________ be quiet in the library. 2. — Can I eat here? — Sorry, you ________. 3. She ________ wear a uniform on school days.    A. has to B. have to C. can D. may 4. We ________ finish the work today. We can do it tomorrow.    A. mustn't B. don't have to C. can't D. shouldn't 5. You ________ smoke here. It's not allowed.    A. can B. must C. mustn't D. have to 3. 名词的数——可数名词与不可数名词 + 冠词 可数名词：有单复数形式，可以用 a/an 或数词修饰。 例：a tiger, two tigers, an elephant 不可数名词：没有复数形式，不能用 a/an 或数词直接修饰，可用 some, much, a little 等修饰。 例：some water, much meat, a little sugar 常见不可数名词列表： 液体类：water, milk, juice, tea, coffee, oil 食物类：bread, rice, meat, beef, pork, chicken （肉）, fish （肉）, sugar, salt, butter 抽象概念：information, news, advice, luck, fun, work, homework, knowledge 其他：weather, time （时间）, money, furniture, hair （作为整体） 可数名词复数变化规则： · 一般情况加 -s：monkey → monkeys · 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾加 -es：fox → foxes · 辅音+y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 -es：butterfly → butterflies · 以 f/fe 结尾变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es：wolf → wolves · 不规则变化：man → men, child → children, sheep → sheep 冠词用法： a/an：不定冠词，用于可数名词单数前，表示“一个”。an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。 例：a tiger, an elephant, an hour the：定冠词，表示特指。 ① 特指上文提到过的人或物：I saw a dog. The dog is white. ② 指谈话双方都知道的事物：Open the door, please. ③ 用于世界上独一无二的事物前：the sun, the earth ④ 用于序数词、最高级前：the first, the best ⑤ 用于表示方位的名词前：the south, the left ➤ 即时练习（名词与冠词） 1. How many ________ (sheep) are there on the farm? 2. There is ________ elephant in the zoo. 3. I need some ________ (advice) on learning English. 4. ________ sun rises in the east. 5. This is ________ (a/an) useful book. 6. Please give me ________ hour.    A. a B. an C. the 4. 形容词的基本用法 形容词修饰名词或代词，在句中可作定语或表语。 作定语： a clever monkey 作表语： The elephant is huge. 以 -ing 和 -ed 结尾的形容词： -ing 结尾表示“令人……的”，修饰事物；-ed 结尾表示“感到……的”，修饰人。 例：The story is interesting. I am interested in it. 这个故事很有趣。我对它感兴趣。 例：The movie is boring. I feel bored. 这部电影很无聊。我感到无聊。 ➤ 即时练习（形容词） 1. The movie is very ________ (bore). I want to leave. 2. She is ________ (interest) in painting. She thinks it's ________ (interest). 3. After a long walk, I felt ________ (tire). The walk was ________ (tire). 4. This ________ (excite) news made everyone ________ (excite). 综合训练 一、单项选择（15题） ( ) 1. — ________ do you like pandas? — Because they are cute. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 2. The word “game” has the same vowel sound as ________. A. cat B. make C. fat D. happy ( ) 3. ________ in the hallway. It's dangerous to run. A. Walk B. To walk C. Walking D. Walks ( ) 4. You ________ eat in the library. It's not allowed. A. can B. must C. mustn't D. don't have to ( ) 5. — ________ are penguins from? — Antarctica. A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which ( ) 6. The plural form of “wolf” is ________. A. wolfs B. wolves C. wolfes D. wolf ( ) 7. My dog is very ________ to everyone. He never bites. A. friendly B. scary C. dangerous D. huge ( ) 8. — What are lions like? — ________. A. They are from Africa B. They are strong and dangerous C. They like meat D. They live in the forest ( ) 9. We must ________ the forests and not buy things made of ivory. A. cut down B. save C. kill D. lose ( ) 10. — Is this your pen? — No, it's not ________. It's Tom's. A. me B. my C. mine D. I ( ) 11. ________ a symbol of good luck in Thailand. A. Elephant is B. Elephants are C. The elephant is D. An elephant are ( ) 12. She ________ finish her homework first. That's the rule. A. can B. may C. has to D. have to ( ) 13. I have ________ things to do today. I'm very busy. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ( ) 14. The news is ________. I feel ________. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; exciting ( ) 15. — ________ do you go to school? — By bike. A. What B. Why C. Where D. How 二、阅读理解 A篇 Ants are small insects that live almost everywhere on Earth. There are more than 12,000 kinds of ants. They live in large families called colonies. In a colony, every ant has a job. Some take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some build and repair the nest. The largest group goes out every day to look for food. Ants are very strong for their size. A single ant can carry an object 50 times heavier than its own body. That would be like a human lifting a car! When an ant finds food, it leaves a trail of chemicals called pheromones. Other ants follow this trail to the food source. This is how they work together as a team. Ants also help the environment. They turn over the soil when they dig, which lets air and water reach plant roots. They also eat other insects that harm crops. Without ants, our world would be very different. However, some ants can cause problems. Fire ants bite people and animals. Scientists are studying ways to control them without hurting the environment. ( ) 1. What can be inferred about the organization of an ant colony? A. Every ant does the same job. B. Ants work independently without cooperation. C. There is a clear division of labor. D. Only the queen ant works. ( ) 2. What does the author mean by saying "That would be like a human lifting a car"？ A. Ants are as strong as humans. B. Ants are surprisingly strong for their size. C. Humans can also lift cars easily. D. Ants are stronger than humans. ( ) 3. What is the main purpose of the pheromone trail? A. To mark the nest location. B. To warn other ants of danger. C. To guide other ants to food. D. To attract mates. ( ) 4. What is the author's attitude towards fire ants? A. They are completely harmful and should be eliminated. B. They are a problem but scientists are finding solutions. C. They are not dangerous at all. D. They are helpful to the environment. ( ) 5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage? A. Ants are dangerous pests that need to be controlled. B. Ants are amazing insects with complex social structure and abilities. C. Ants are only useful for the environment. D. Ants are weak creatures that cannot survive alone. B篇 Have you ever wondered if animals can think? Scientists have done many experiments that show animals are smarter than we thought. For example, crows （乌鸦） can use sticks to get food out of small holes. This shows they can solve problems. Dolphins can recognize themselves in a mirror. This suggests self-awareness. Chimpanzees （黑猩猩） can learn sign language to communicate with humans. Even dogs can understand up to 250 words and gestures. These findings challenge the old belief that only humans are intelligent. Animal intelligence comes in many forms. Some animals have excellent memory. Elephants can remember places for many years. Others have great social skills. Wolves work together to hunt. Bees communicate the location of flowers by dancing. However, not everyone agrees that animals truly "think". Some scientists argue that these behaviors are just instincts （本能）, not real thinking. They say animals don't have consciousness （意识） like humans. But others believe we are just beginning to understand the animal mind. Whether animals think or not, one thing is clear: they are far more complex than we once believed. So next time you see a crow using a tool or a dog following a command, remember—there might be more going on in its head than you imagine. ( ) 1. What does the example of crows using sticks show? A. Crows are good at building nests. B. Crows can solve problems. C. Crows like to play with sticks. D. Crows are afraid of humans. ( ) 2. The word "self-awareness" in paragraph 1 most likely means ________. A. the ability to see oneself B. the ability to talk C. the ability to remember D. the ability to learn ( ) 3. What do some scientists say about animal intelligence? A. Animals are as intelligent as humans. B. Animal behaviors are just instincts. C. Animals can learn sign language. D. Animals have consciousness. ( ) 4. What is the author's attitude towards animal intelligence? A. Animals are not intelligent at all. B. Only certain animals are intelligent. C. Animals are more complex than we thought. D. Animal intelligence is overrated. ( ) 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To prove that animals are smarter than humans. B. To introduce different forms of animal intelligence. C. To argue that animals do not truly think. D. To describe how to train animals. 三、完形填空 Last summer, I found a small bird lying on the ground near my house. It had a broken wing and couldn't fly. I 1.________ pity on it and decided to take care of it. I put it in a box with some soft cloth. At first, it was very afraid and tried to 2.________ away. But I talked to it gently every day. Slowly, the bird began to trust me. It ate the food I gave it and even 3.________ when I came near. I named it Lucky. Every day, I cleaned its wound and gave it medicine. 4.________ three weeks, its wing got better. One morning, Lucky started to flap its wings. It 5.________ to fly. I knew it was time to let it go. I opened the window and Lucky flew out. It 6.________ a few times and then flew high into the sky. I felt 7.________ but also happy. I learned that 8.________ animals requires patience and love. Even a small act of kindness can 9.________ a big difference. Now I often think about Lucky and hope it is living 10.________ in the wild. ( ) 1. A. took B. made C. felt D. gave ( ) 2. A. run B. fly C. jump D. walk ( ) 3. A. cried B. sang C. shouted D. laughed ( ) 4. A. Before B. After C. During D. Until ( ) 5. A. tried B. wanted C. learned D. started ( ) 6. A. circled B. walked C. jumped D. ran ( ) 7. A. sad B. angry C. excited D. surprised ( ) 8. A. helping B. saving C. raising D. caring for ( ) 9. A. make B. do C. take D. have ( ) 10. A. happily B. freely C. safely D. quietly 四、语法填空 Do you want to be a friend 1.______ animals? Here is some advice. First, never buy things 2.______ (make) of ivory. Elephants are in 3.______ (danger) because people kill them for their tusks. Second, 4.______ (not throw) plastic bags into the sea. Sea turtles often mistake 5.______ (they) for jellyfish and die. Third, you can give money to animal protection groups. 6.______ (this) groups work hard to save animals. Fourth, tell 7.______ (other) about the importance of animals. Many people don't know that animals 8.______ (be) in danger. Finally, you can plant trees 9.______ (help) forests grow back. Remember, when you save animals, you also save 10.______ (you). Small actions can make a big difference. 五、书面表达 题目：My Favourite Animal 要点：1. 你最喜欢的动物是什么？2. 它长什么样？3. 它能做什么？4. 你为什么喜欢它？5. 我们应该如何保护它？ 要求：不少于80词，使用 because, however 等连接词，至少3个形容词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $