高二英语下学期期末模拟卷（沪外版）

2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．In a movie theater. B．At an airport. C．At a hotel. D．At a train station. 【答案】B 【原文】M: I’m sorry. We closed the boarding gate 5 minutes ago. W: When I checked in, they told me I had enough time. Q: Where does the conversation probably take place? 2． A．It involves too much preparation. B．It is impossible to get a suitable spot. C．Few people will attend the trade fair. D．They are fully occupied in September. 【答案】A 【原文】W: There is a trade fair coming up in September. Do you think we should attend? M: Probably not. It will take a lot of work to prepare for it. Also, it costs a lot to just get a spot. Q: Why doesn’t the man think they should attend the trade fair? 3． A．Teaching lessons to others. B．Repairing the car by herself. C．Parking outside her garage. D．Delaying paying the bill. 【答案】C 【原文】M: You just paid off the bill for the repairs to the car. That should teach you a lesson. W: It has. It was such a bother to park in the garage, and I never thought anything would happen to the car on the street. Q: What will the woman probably give up doing? 4． A．Book the most affordable trip. B．Sign up for a cultural awareness workshop. C．Explore the city on a tour bus. D．Join a walking tour of the city. 【答案】D 【原文】W: Hey, Gerald. I’m going to travel abroad soon and want to make the most of my trip. Any suggestions? M: How about trying a walking tour? It’s a great way to explore a city and learn about its culture. Q: What does Gerald suggest the woman do? 5． A．She hasn’t finished her homework yet. B．She is not helping the man cheat. C．The man should be more patient. D．The man doesn’t know how to copy. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Can I copy your homework? W: No way. Not in a million years! Q: What does the woman mean? 6． A．Roger was hit on the way to work. B．Roger bought a mini electric two-wheel vehicle. C．Roger narrowly escaped hitting an old lady. D．Roger looks pale as a result of overwork. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Why do you look so pale, Roger? M: I almost hit an old lady on my way to work with my mini electric two-wheel vehicle. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 7． A．She was too slow getting ready herself. B．Her mother packed everything, including essentials. C．Her mother forgot to set the alarm the previous night. D．She overslept because moving had tired her out. 【答案】B 【原文】M: It is almost moving day, right? Are you all packed and ready to go? W: My mom is a little too ready. Last night, she packed all the toothpaste and toilet paper, so washing up took quite some time this morning. Q: Why did it take the woman so long to wash up this morning? 8． A．The man didn’t notice the bookshelf. B．The man is standing in an unsafe place. C．They are fixing the broken bookshelf. D．They are talking about safety measures. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Watch out! That bookshelf behind you doesn’t look very safe. M: Oh, yes, you are right. It isn’t fixed to the wall. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 9． A．The man insists on having three bedrooms. B．The man is not concerned about the location. C．The man doesn’t have the budget for a three-bedroom apartment. D．The man has to settle in an apartment near his workplace. 【答案】C 【原文】W: The three-bedroom apartment is much more expensive. M: In that case, we might have to settle for two, as long as it is in a good location. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation? 10． A．She is afraid of making the wrong decision. B．She is an extremely decisive person. C．She doesn’t have many shirts to choose from. D．She can’t help asking for others’ opinions. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What is taking you so long to decide which shirt to wear tonight? W: I’m not sure, and I can’t help thinking “What if this? What if that?” Q: What can be inferred about the woman? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．Higher risks of explosion. B．Damage to the atmospheric layer. C．Increased greenhouse gas emissions. D．Water pollution due to satellite remains. 12．A．Built entirely by the university researchers. B．Made of a mixture of wood and metal. C．Found to be unstable during ISS experiments. D．Expected to produce biodegradable ash. 13．A．To test the strength of magnolia wood in space. B．To compare different innovative design concepts. C．To assess biodegradable materials for satellite construction. D．To reduce the cost of satellite manufacturing. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 【原文】 Imagine a satellite made of wood rather than metal. This innovative concept is about to become a reality, with scientists aiming to launch the world’s first wooden satellite later this summer. The LignoSat satellite has been built of magnolia wood. In experiments carried out on the International Space Station (ISS), the satellite was found to be particularly stable and resistant to cracking. The wooden satellite has been built by researchers at Kyoto University and the logging company called Sumitomo Forestry in order to test whether biodegradable materials such as wood can replace metals to make satellites. The successful launch and demonstration of an eco-friendly satellite would be a significant step toward addressing the increasing problem of space pollution. When traditional satellites re-enter the earth’s atmosphere, they burn, releasing tiny pieces of chemical matter. They would persist in the upper atmosphere for extended periods, damaging the upper layer and causing major environmental problems. However, this should not be a problem with satellites built of wood, like LignoSat. When it burns up as it re-enters the atmosphere after completing its mission, it will produce only a fine mist of biodegradable ash. Questions 11. What problem do the traditional satellites contribute to? 12. Which of the following statements about the LignoSat satellite is true? 13. What is the main purpose of carrying out the experiments? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．To entertain players with a fun game. B．To teach players ways to control emotions. C．To change people’s negative view of failure. D．To help players improve their problem-solving skills. 15．A．The team gains extra points. B．The team loses points. C．The team is re-grouped. D．The team chooses a new leader. 16．A．She didn’t have enough time to prepare. B．She wanted to make it blind-friendly. C．The company requested a delay. D．The toy was not ready for release. 【答案】14．C 15．B 16．D 【原文】 Many view failure negatively, but Ilana Ben-Ari, founder of Twenty One Toys, wants to change this perspective. She sees failure as a learning experience. The Failure Toy involves five-person teams building structures on an unstable game wheel, competing for points. Falling structures result in point losses. After each 5-minute round, players switch teams. At the end, each player fills out a card saying who they think wins. This might not be the person with the most points. It has more to do with who best supports their team’s success. This leads to discussion about players’ behaviors and emotions, and the consequences of these behaviors and emotions. The Failure Toy follows Ben-Ari’s first product, the Empathy Toy. This toy began as a way to help blind students and those who could see communicate and be responsive to each other. Ben-Ari herself learned about failure in the process of designing the Failure Toy. She had to cancel her initial launch because the toy wasn’t ready. She didn’t want to settle for releasing a product that wasn’t finished. After her third attempt to finish the Failure Toy, Ben-Ari took a break from the project for a year. Then a company called, asking if she could hold a workshop to instruct them on how to use the Failure Toy. Ben-Ari agreed and got to work on the project. This time she and her team had grown, and she met the deadline. Questions 14. What is the main purpose of llana Ben-Ari’s Failure Toy? 15. What happens when the structures fall in The Failure Toy game? 16. Why did Ben-Ari cancel the initial launch of The Failure Toy? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．On Monday and Tuesday afternoons. B．On Tuesday and Wednesday afternoons. C．On Wednesday and Thursday afternoons. D．On Friday and Saturday afternoons. 18．A．The semester-end performance. B．The weekly practice gathering. C．The monthly stage presentation. D．The initial introduction meeting. 19．A．The location of club practices. B．The club’s membership fees. C．The frequency of club meetings during school. D．Her ability to participate in future club performances. 20．A．The history and regulations of the club. B．Rebecca’s puzzles over her future in the club. C．The club’s meetings and performing opportunities. D．Danny’s role in the club and his major contributions. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C 【原文】W: Hi, Danny. My name is Rebecca. That was a great club meeting. The introduction to the club was very helpful. M: Thanks, Rebecca. We’re happy to have you as a member. Do you have any questions about the club? W: Yeah, I do. When are club meetings held after school? M: Aside from the club time during school, we have additional practice sessions twice a week. Specifically, on odd weeks, we meet on Wednesday and Thursday afternoons, while on even weeks, we gather on Monday and Tuesday afternoons. W: I see. That goes perfectly with my schedule. Also, I’m curious about the club’s future activities. Will there be any performances or events that new members will take part in? M: Of course. There’ll be some performing opportunities throughout the semester. The most important event for our club, however, is the big performance at the end of the semester. All the members can show their skills and perform together. W: That sounds amazing! I’ve always wanted to perform on stage, but I have no idea how to play the guitar. M: Don’t worry. Our members are always ready to help each other, and there’ll be meetings where we can practice as a group. W: That’s great to know. I’m very excited to learn. M: That’s the spirit! You can reach out to me if you have any other questions. W: Thanks, Danny! Questions 17. When does the club meet for practice after school in Week Three? 18. What is the most important event for the club? 19. What is Rebecca’s major concern? 20. What do the two speakers mainly talk about? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Unhappy” Horse Drives New Year Sales Boom On 17 February 2026, China welcomed the Year of the Horse, which symbolizes energy and diligence. But the huge success of a faulty toy suggests that many Chinese are not feeling the festive atmosphere. A red horse toy produced by Happy Sister in the city of Yiwu in the east of China 21 (mean) to wear a broad smile, but a factory error meant it hit the shops, wearing a worried look. Because the smile was placed upside down, the horse’s nostrils (鼻孔) 22 be interpreted as tears. Despite the error, the toy went viral on social media. People joked that the crying horse is how you look at work, while the smiling one is how you look 23 work. By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines 24 (introduce) immediately. The small workshop, which had struggled with slow sales for months, suddenly found 25 flooded with orders and struggling to keep up with demand. Many Chinese white-collar workers have endured the 996 system, 26 employees are required to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. Though the practice was banned in 2021 after an employee died suddenly from a late-night shift, long overtime hours are still common today. Jacob Cooke, CEO of an e-commerce firm, said, “Consumer products and internet memes (网络梗) serve as a channel for people to discuss work pressure, a connection showing 27 formal communications often fail to convey.” The crying horse is a perfect example of this, as it gives workers an alternative way to express their tiredness   28 they are criticized for voicing their true feelings directly. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image 29 (expect) to appear on various products. The owner never found out who sewed the horse’s smile on upside down. “Since we can’t figure out exactly 30 mistake it was, we will just give everyone a bonus,” she said. 【答案】 21．was meant/had been meant 22．could/might 23．after/off 24．to be introduced 25．itself 26．where 27．what/something 28．in case 29．expected 30．whose 【导语】本文通过讲述一款因工厂失误而“哭丧着脸”的马年玩具意外热销的故事，揭示了当代中国职场（尤其是“996”工作制下）员工承受的巨大压力。 21．考查动词时态与语态。句意：位于中国东部义乌市的“快乐姐妹”公司生产的一款红色马玩具本应咧嘴大笑，但由于工厂失误，它带着一副愁容上了架。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为A red horse，为单数，与mean之间为被动关系，故应用被动形式be done，且此处描述过去发生的动作，可用一般过去时 was meant 或过去完成时 had been meant 强调“原本打算而未能实现”。 22．考查情态动词。句意：因为微笑线被上下颠倒缝反了，马的鼻孔可能被解读为眼泪。此处表示可能性推测，用could或might，语气委婉。 23．考查介词。句意：人们开玩笑说，哭哭马是你上班时的样子，而笑笑马是你下班后的样子。“at work”对应“工作时”，下班或离开工作用after work或off work，故此处应用介词after /off。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：到2月中旬，“快乐姐妹”的老板表示，她每天收到超过1.5万件的订单，导致立即增设了生产线。此处为“cause sth. to be done导致某事被做”结构，生产线条被引入，用不定式的被动形式 to be introduced。 25．考查反身代词。句意：几个月来一直销售缓慢的小作坊，突然发现自己被订单淹没，难以满足需求。此处在句中作宾语，主语为the small workshop，与宾语为同一对象，故应用反身代词itself强调“自身”。 26．考查定语从句。句意：许多中国白领工人忍受着“996”工作制，即员工被要求从早9点工作到晚9点，每周六天。此处引导定语从句，先行词 the 996 system，从句中缺乏地点状语，用关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句。 27．考查宾语从句/代词。句意：一家电商公司的首席执行官Jacob Cooke表示：“消费品和网络梗成为了人们讨论工作压力的渠道，这种联系展示了正式沟通往往无法传达的内容。”。此处引导showing后的宾语从句，从句中fail to convey 缺少宾语，意为“……的东西”，故应用what引导；此处也可以理解为something“某事”作showing的宾语，formal communications often fail to convey是省略关系词that的定语从句。 28．考查连词。句意：哭哭马就是一个完美的例子，因为它给工人们提供了一种表达疲惫的替代方式，以免他们因直接说出真实感受而受到批评。此处意为“以防、免得”，表达为in case，引导目的状语从句。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，“哭哭马”订单从世界各地涌来，其形象预计将出现在各种产品上。此处为“with +宾语+宾补”结构，宾语为image，与expect之间为被动关系，故用过去分词expected作宾补，表示“被期待/预计”。 30．考查宾语从句。句意：她说：“既然我们无法搞清楚到底是哪个人的失误，我们就给大家发奖金。”此处引导宾语从句，意为“谁的错误”，故应用whose引导宾语从句，whose在从句中作定语，修饰mistakes。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．climatic  B．damaging  C． exposed  D．fresh  E. fueling  F. inclusively G. lines  H. overdependence  I. overthrown  J. previously  K. separated The Fall of the Roman Empire The Western Roman Empire is known as one of the longest lasting empires. Historians believe that the empire collapsed in 476 A．D．, when its last ruler, Romulus Augustulus, was 31 . The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, 32 a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall 33 blamed on internal corruption (腐败). Other scholars have pointed to more specific reasons. Some have focused on the evolution of the Roman economy, which struggled to expand by the third century A．D．because of 34 on enslaved (受奴役的) people for labor. Ongoing military conflicts and civil wars that broke out from the third century on played a part too, weakening central authority and causing the empire to break apart, leaving it more 35 to external threats. In recent years, however, a (n) 36 theory has emerged, highlighting the impact of climatic changes and disease outbreaks. In a work published in 2017, classics professor Kyle Harper argues that the rise and fall of Rome was shaped not only by emperors, generals, soldiers and slaves, but also by viruses, volcanoes and solar cycles. It is a story in which humanity and the environment cannot be 37 . Harper and other scholars have drawn on climate and widespread-disease data, which have opened up new 38 of research into the study of the past. The data suggest that the 39 conditions of the empire in the first century B．C． favored agricultural, economic, and population growth. But they became more variable with a trend toward cooling and drought, which impacted agricultural productivity. This crisis was compounded by another 40 natural phenomenon: epidemics (时疫). From the latter half of the second century on, epidemics emerged that affected the whole Roman Empire with unmatched intensity. 【答案】 31．I 32．E 33．J 34．H 35．C 36．D 37．K 38．G 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了西罗马帝国灭亡的原因，包括内部腐败、经济问题、军事冲突、气候变化和疾病爆发等。 【详解】31．考查固定短语。句意：历史学家认为，公元476年，西罗马帝国最后一任统治者罗慕路斯·奥古斯都路斯被推翻，帝国随之崩溃。根据“The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended”可知，此处指西罗马帝国最后一任统治者被推翻，I选项“overthrown”为overthrow“推翻”的过去分词，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填I。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：西罗马帝国为何终结的问题一直吸引着历史学家，引发了一场远未达成共识的辩论。根据“a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement”可知，此处指引发了一场远未达成共识的辩论，E选项“fueling”为fuel“引发，加剧”的现在分词，作状语。故填E。 33．考查副词。句意：1984年，德国历史学家亚历山大·德曼特列出了一份清单，列举了200多个被用来解释罗马衰落的因素——人们以前认为罗马的衰落是内部腐败造成的。根据“blamed on internal corruption”可知，此处指人们以前认为罗马的衰落是内部腐败造成的，用J选项“previously”，意为“以前”，作状语。故填J。 34．考查名词。句意：一些学者关注罗马经济的演变，由于过度依赖奴隶劳动，到公元3世纪，罗马经济难以扩张。根据“on enslaved (受奴役的) people for labor”可知，此处指过度依赖奴隶劳动，H选项“overdependence”意为“过度依赖”，作宾语。故填H。 35．考查形容词。句意：从3世纪开始爆发的持续军事冲突和内战也起到了一定作用，削弱了中央权威，导致帝国分裂，使其更容易受到外部威胁。根据“to external threats”可知，此处指使其更容易受到外部威胁，用C选项“exposed”，意为“易受攻击的，无保护的”，作宾补。故填C。 36．考查形容词。句意：然而，近年来，一种新的理论出现了，强调气候变化和疾病爆发的影响。根据“highlighting the impact of climatic changes and disease outbreaks”可知，前文介绍传统观点，此处表示新兴理论，用D选项“fresh”，意为“新的”，作定语。故填D。 37．考查动词。句意：在这个故事中，人类和环境是不可分割的。根据“humanity and the environment cannot be”可知，此处指人类和环境是不可分割的，K选项“separated”为separate“分离”的过去分词，与humanity and the environment为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与cannot be构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填K。 38．考查名词。句意：哈珀和其他学者利用气候和广泛传播的疾病数据，为过去的研究开辟了新的研究途径。根据“of research into the study of the past”可知，哈珀和其他学者为过去的研究开辟了新的方向。lines of research为固定搭配，意为“研究方向”。故填G。 39．考查形容词。句意：数据显示，帝国在公元前一世纪的气候条件有利于农业、经济和人口增长。根据“conditions of the empire in the first century B.C. favored agricultural, economic, and population growth”可知，此处指帝国在公元前一世纪的气候条件，用A选项“climatic”，意为“气候的”，作定语。故填A。 40．考查形容词。句意：这场危机因另一种破坏性的自然现象而加剧：流行病。根据“natural phenomenon: epidemics (时疫)”可知，此处指流行病是破坏性的，用B选项“damaging”，意为“破坏性的”，作定语。故填B。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Lawbreakers increasingly use generative AI to mimic (模仿) real people’s voices and cheat their loved ones out of money. And there’s a simple solution to this 41 problem: a code word. If you receive a call from someone who sounds just like your grandson and says he needs money, the best thing to do is hang up and call your grandson. But if the voice is so 42 that you can’t bear to do that, ask for your family code word. If the caller can’t produce it, hang up. 43 , if you are in trouble and need to call a loved one for help, say the code word so your relative knows it’s really you. Here are some tips on how to create and 44 a family code word: .1. Keep it simple but 45 . The code word (or phrase) should be easy to remember and something only family members would know. Lawbreakers can find out a lot about you online, including on social media and 46 available databases. Don’t use a word they could 47 , such as the name of your street or pet. Instead, choose from entertaining family 48 , like an inside joke or your baby’s first word. .2. Keep it safe. If you worry you’ll forget the code word, you could store it in a password manager. If you write it down, 49 the paper. .3. Keep the circle 50 . Only share the code word with close and trusted family members, and do it in person or over the phone. The wider the circle, the riskier it gets. .4. Have a Plan B．Some families prefer to have a code question to which only a family member would know the answer. In the event that a caller could guess the right answer, have a(n) 51 question as well — a type of two-factor confirmation. .5. Don’t change the code word unless you need to. A 52 in family dynamics — such as a relative getting broken up with a mate who knew the code — could justify a change. But if you’re confident there’s no 53 in the circle of code-word holders, there’s no need to change it. Introducing a new word could cause 54 , like forgetting which is the latest version. ● The warning: There are situations where a code might not be appropriate. Some people might not be able to remember the word or think to ask for one. In that case, it’s probably best to 55 calls by blocking unknown numbers. 41．A．age-old B．high-tech C．number-one D．substance-abuse 42．A．commanding B．convincing C．pleasant D．smooth 43．A．Consequently B．Contrarily C．Likewise D．Nevertheless 44．A．break B．issue C．manage D．pronounce 45．A．digital B．professional C．strict D．strong 46．A．commercially B．instantly C．locally D．publicly 47．A．coin B．guess C．translate D．understand 48．A．accounts B．commitments C．members D．ties 49．A．hide B．recycle C．tear D．unfold 50．A．charmed B．complete C．tight D．widening 51．A．backup B．multiple-choice C．open-ended D．specific 52．A．balance B．pattern C．presence D．shift 53．A．break B．cash C．security D．trap 54．A．confusion B．debate C．intervention D．misunderstanding 55．A．finish B．handle C．limit D．trace 【答案】 41．B 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．A 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何创建和使用家庭暗号来防范高科技诈骗。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而对于这个高科技问题，有一个简单的解决方案：暗号。A. age-old古老的；B. high-tech高科技的；C. number-one第一的；D. substance-abuse滥用药物的。根据上文“Lawbreakers increasingly use generative AI to mimic (模仿) real people’s voices and cheat their loved ones out of money.”可知，违法者越来越多地使用生成式人工智能模仿真实人物的声音，骗取亲人的钱财。违法者利用高科技进行诈骗，因此这是一个高科技问题。故选B。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果这个声音非常逼真，让你不忍心挂断电话，那就要求对方说出你的家庭暗号。A. commanding有权威的；B. convincing逼真的，令人信服的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. smooth光滑的。根据上文“If you receive a call from someone who sounds just like your grandson and says he needs money, the best thing to do is hang up and call your grandson.”以及下文“that you can’t bear to do that”可知，如果你接到一个听起来就像你孙子的人打来的电话，说他需要钱，最好的办法就是挂断电话，然后给你的孙子打电话。此处指声音非常逼真，让人不忍心挂断电话。故选B。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，如果你遇到麻烦，需要打电话给亲人寻求帮助，说出暗号，这样你的亲人就知道真的是你。A. Consequently因此；B. Contrarily相反地；C. Likewise同样地；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文“If the caller can’t produce it, hang up.”以及下文“if you are in trouble and need to call a loved one for help, say the code word so your relative knows it’s really you.”可知，前文说接到陌生可疑来电要核对暗号，此处说明自己求助时也要使用暗号，是同类情况并列。故选C。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以下是一些关于如何创建和管理家庭暗号的建议。A. break打破；B. issue发布；C. manage管理；D. pronounce发音。根据下文“a family code word”和“Keep it simple”、“Keep it safe”、“Keep the circle______”、“Have a Plan B.”、“Don’t change the code word unless you need to”可知，下文介绍了设置、保存、保密、更换暗号等方法，属于对暗号的管理与维护。故选C。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：暗号要简洁但牢靠安全。A. digital数字的；B. professional专业的；C. strict严格的；D. strong安全的，可靠的。根据下文“Don’t use a word they could _____, such as the name of your street or pet. Instead, choose from entertaining family_____, like an inside joke or your baby’s first word.”可知，后文提示不要使用容易被破解的内容，需要兼具简单与安全性、可靠性。故选D。 46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：违法者可以在网上找到很多关于你的信息，包括社交媒体和公开可用的数据库。A. commercially商业上；B. instantly立即；C. locally当地；D. publicly公开地。根据上文“Lawbreakers can find out a lot about you online”可知，违法者能在网上找到很多关于你的信息，这里说社交媒体和公开可用的数据库。故选D。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要使用他们可能猜到的词，比如你所在街道的名字或宠物的名字。A. coin创造；B. guess猜测；C. translate翻译；D. understand理解。根据下文“such as the name of your street or pet”可知，此处指不要使用违法者可能猜到的词。故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，从有趣的家庭故事中选择，比如一个内部笑话或你宝宝说的第一个词。A. accounts账户，故事；B. commitments承诺；C. members成员；D. ties关系。根据下文“like an inside joke or your baby’s first word”可知，内部笑话和宝宝说的第一个词都属于家庭故事，所以从有趣的家庭故事中选择暗号。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你把它写下来，把纸藏起来。A. hide隐藏；B. recycle回收；C. tear撕；D. unfold展开。根据上文“Keep it safe. If you worry you’ll forget the code word, you could store it in a password manager. If you write it down”可知，本条建议主题为保护暗号安全，写下来后需要妥善隐藏，防止泄露。故选A。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保持圈子紧密。A. charmed着迷的；B. complete完全的；C. tight紧密的；D. widening扩大的。根据下文“Only share the code word with close and trusted family members, and do it in person or over the phone.”可知，后文说明暗号仅分享给至亲信任的家人，严控知晓人数，此处指保持圈子紧密，不要随意分享密码词。故选C。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果打电话的人能猜出正确答案，也要准备一个备用问题——一种双重确认。A. backup备用的；B. multiple-choice多项选择的；C. open-ended开放式的；D. specific具体的。根据上文“Have a Plan B. Some families prefer to have a code question to which only a family member would know the answer. In the event that a caller could guess the right answer, have a(n)”可知，此处指准备一个备用问题，以防打电话的人能猜出正确答案。故选A。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：家庭动态的变化——比如一个亲戚与知道密码的伴侣分手——可能证明有必要进行更改。A. balance平衡；B. pattern模式；C. presence存在；D. shift变化。根据下文“in family dynamics — such as a relative getting broken up with a mate who knew the code”可知，后文举例人际关系发生变化，属于家庭动态的转变与调整。故选D。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你确信知晓暗号的圈子没有出现漏洞、破绽，就没必要更换暗号。A. break漏洞，破绽；B. cash现金；C. security安全；D. trap陷阱。根据上文“Don’t change the code word unless you need to. A ______ in family dynamics — such as a relative getting broken up with a mate who knew the code — could justify a change. But if you’re confident there’s no”可知，此处指掌握暗号的人员内部没有出现信息泄露、关系破裂这类破绽与漏洞，暗号不存在外泄风险，因此无需更换。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：引入一个新词可能会造成混乱，比如忘记哪个是最新版本。A. confusion混乱；B. debate辩论；C. intervention干预；D. misunderstanding误解。根据下文“like forgetting which is the latest version”可知，忘记哪个是最新版本，这说明引入新词会导致混乱。故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，最好通过屏蔽未知号码来限制通话。A. finish完成；B. handle处理；C. limit限制；D. trace追踪。根据上文“Some people might not be able to remember the word or think to ask for one.”可知，有些人可能记不住暗号或者想不到要询问暗号，对于这种情况，通过屏蔽未知号码来限制来电是比较好的做法。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A A new study has revealed that the Greenland ice cap is melting far faster than previously thought, as satellite data show widespread ice loss over the past four decades. Using artificial intelligence to analyse satellite photos from 1985 to 2022, researchers mapped the end positions of more than 235,000 glaciers(冰川) around the island. This unusual dataset showed that almost every glacier has become smaller in recent decades, losing an area of about 5,000 sq km of ice-equivalent to a trillion tonnes. The study, published in Nature, adds significant new insight to earlier measurements based on ice height or gravity data, which could only detect losses that ended up in the ocean. By identifying the withdrawal of glaciers lying mostly below sea level in Greenland’s narrow fjords (峡湾), the researchers uncovered an additional and previously unaccounted source of ice loss. Dr Chad Greene, at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, who led the research, described the changes as “tremendous and happening everywhere.” When the team combined their findings with existing measurements of the Greenland ice sheet, they found the total annual loss of ice since 2003 reached about 264bn tonnes — roughly 30m tonnes every hour. The new data show an increase of 43bn tonnes a year compared with earlier estimates, or about 20% more than previously thought. The implications, scientists warn, are alarming. As Greenland’s glaciers withdraw and release vast quantities of freshwater into the North Atlantic, they may speed up the weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) — a system of ocean currents that regulates global climate. The AMOC is already at its weakest point in 1,600 years, and recent research has indicated it could collapse as soon as 2027 in a worst-case situation. Such a collapse would disrupt global weather patterns, damage ecosystems, and threaten food security worldwide. “There is some concern that any small source of freshwater may serve as a ‘tipping point’ that could trigger a full-scale collapse of the AMOC,” the scientists said. Yet freshwater from Greenland’s glacier withdrawal is not currently included in oceanographic models. The inflow of less salty freshwater slows the normal sinking of heavier, saltier water in the polar region — the engine that drives the AMOC． The findings suggest that Greenland’s hidden ice loss may play a far greater role in the stability of Earth’s climate system than once imagined. 56．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To promote the growing use of AI in environmental science research. B．To report a study revealing faster Greenland ice loss and its global impact. C．To criticize the inaccuracy of previous ice loss measurements in Greenland. D．To describe how scientists discovered a new form of glacier below sea level 57．What can be inferred about previous methods of measuring ice loss? A．They ignored surface melting entirely. B．They overestimated Greenland’s total ice loss. C．They were more accurate than satellite imagery. D．They underestimated losses occurring below sea level. 58．The underlined word “implications” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ______. A．the new measurements of the Greenland ice sheet B．the consequences of faster Greenland ice loss C．the methods used to analyze satellite data D．the warnings from scientists about climate change 59．Which diagram best illustrates the process of AMOC weakening described in the passage? A．Glacier melting → Freshwater inflow → Ocean temperature↑ → AMOC weakening B．Glacial freshwater input→ Ocean saltiness↓—Sinking of salty water↓→ AMOC weakening C．Ocean saltiness↓ → Ice loss data ↑→ Scientist warnings → AMOC weakening D．Ice height measurement↓ → Gravity data↑ → Ocean model error → AMOC weakening 【答案】56．B 57．D 58．B 59．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新研究借助 AI 分析卫星数据，发现格陵兰冰川融化速度远超以往预估。此前研究存在数据遗漏，大量淡水汇入或削弱关键洋流，严重威胁全球气候与生态稳定。 56．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“A new study has revealed that the Greenland ice cap is melting far faster than previously thought, as satellite data show widespread ice loss over the past four decades. Using artificial intelligence to analyse satellite photos from 1985 to 2022, researchers mapped the end positions of more than 235,000 glaciers(冰川) around the island. This unusual dataset showed that almost every glacier has become smaller in recent decades, losing an area of about 5,000 sq km of ice-equivalent to a trillion tonnes.( 一项新的研究揭示，格陵兰岛的冰盖融化速度远超此前的预期，卫星数据表明，在过去四十年间，该地区普遍出现了冰层流失的情况。研究人员利用人工智能技术分析了1985年至2022年的卫星照片，绘制出了该岛周围超过23.5万个冰川的最终位置图。这一独特的数据集显示，近几十年来，几乎每一条冰川都变小了，流失的冰面积约为5000平方公里，相当于约一万亿吨的冰量。)”可知，文章开篇点明新研究发现格陵兰冰盖融化速度远超预期，介绍AI分析卫星数据得出的冰层流失数据，补充以往测量的不足，最后重点阐述冰川大量融化对全球洋流AMOC及地球气候的严重影响。由此可知，这篇文章的主要目的是报道一项揭示格陵兰冰川加速融化及其全球影响的研究。故选B项。 57．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The study, published in Nature, adds significant new insight to earlier measurements based on ice height or gravity data, which could only detect losses that ended up in the ocean. By identifying the withdrawal of glaciers lying mostly below sea level in Greenland’s narrow fjords (峡湾), the researchers uncovered an additional and previously unaccounted source of ice loss.( 这项发表在《自然》杂志上的研究为此前基于冰层高度或重力数据的测量结果提供了重要的新见解，这些测量结果只能检测最终流入海洋的冰流失量。通过识别格陵兰岛狭窄峡湾中大多位于海平面以下的冰川的消退情况，研究人员发现了另一个此前未被考虑的冰层流失源。)”可知，以往方法只能检测最终流入海洋的冰流失，完全遗漏了海平面以下峡湾冰川退缩造成的冰流失，因此低估了总冰流失量。故选D项。 58．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“When the team combined their findings with existing measurements of the Greenland ice sheet, they found the total annual loss of ice since 2003 reached about 264bn tonnes-roughly 30m tonnes every hour. The new data show an increase of 43bn tonnes a year compared with earlier estimates, or about 20% more than previously thought.( 当研究团队将他们的研究成果与格陵兰冰盖现有的测量数据相结合后，他们发现自2003年以来格陵兰冰层每年的总消融量达到了约 2640 亿吨——大约每小时 3000 万吨。新的数据表明，与之前的估计相比，每年的冰量增加量为 430 亿吨，即比之前认为的多出约 20%)”可知，第三段先给出惊人的冰流失数据：每年流失2640亿吨，比之前估计多 20%，紧接着说“…scientists warn, are alarming(科学家们警告说，这种implications令人担忧)”，下文随即展开介绍冰盖融化对全球气候的严重后果。由此可知，implications 在此语境中意为“可能的影响、后果”。B选项the consequences of faster Greenland ice loss“格陵兰冰川加速融化所带来的后果”符合语境。故选B项。 59．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet freshwater from Greenland’s glacier withdrawal is not currently included in oceanographic models. The inflow of less salty freshwater slows the normal sinking of heavier, saltier water in the polar region-the engine that drives the AMOC.( 然而，格陵兰岛冰川消退带来的淡水目前尚未被纳入海洋学模型中。较淡的淡水流入会减缓极地地区较重、含盐量较高的海水的正常下沉过程——这是驱动大西洋经向翻转环流的动力源。)”可知，完整逻辑链为：格陵兰冰川融化→大量淡水汇入北大西洋→海水盐度降低→极地高盐重水的正常下沉速度减慢→AMOC 的动力来源减弱→AMOC 整体弱化。B选项：冰川淡水输入→海水盐度下降→高盐海水下沉减弱→AMOC 减弱，与原文逻辑链条完全一致。故选B项。 B Our magazine is bringing to you the hottest high streets for shopping in the world. Zürich, Switzerland The Bahnhofstrasse, Zürich’s resplendent, tree-lined exclusive shopping avenue, stretches a mile (1.4 kilometers). You’ll find some of Switzerland’s top shopping along its length, from top clothing designers to high-end options for shoes, furs, accessories, china, and jewelry and, most famous of course, Swiss watches. Rodeo Drive Beverly Hills, California Rodeo Drive manages to pack in enough audacious glitz to qualify as one of the world’s most glamorous and expensive shopping stretches. Just off Rodeo lies Two Rodeo, a strip of boutiques modeled after European boutiques, with cobblestones, fountains, and bistros. Perhaps its least known amenity is the free two-hour valet parking. Laugavegur Reykjavík, Iceland Reykjavík’s main shopping street hosts numerous clothing boutiques and an assortment of shops offering accessories, leather goods, cosmetics, lingerie, books, music, and what is most Icelandish, the finest handmade knitwear and woolen goods. If you buy an outfit from one of the local fashion houses, rest assured it will be original. The Ginza Tokyo, Japan The Ginza, comprising eight blocks, is Tokyo’s most exclusive shopping area. It boasts some of the most expensive real estate on Earth. Known luxury and exclusive retailers stand side by side with Tokyo’s landmark department stores, Mitsukoshi, Wako (whose clock is a landmark unto itself), and the 14-story Marion. The latter actually houses seven movie theaters and two department stores. Many store windows feature elaborate displays that showcase typical Japanese culture. It’s said that the window displays are more a vision than shopping itself in Ginza. At night colorful lights flood the Ginza with light, bringing the otherwise gray city to life, making the area the brightest pearl at night. Fifth Avenue New York City, New York Large landmark department stores (Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman, Macy’s) and small high-end designer name boutiques (Ferragamo, Harry Winston, Versace, Emanual Ungaro, Gucci, Henri Bendel, Tiffany, Steuben, Christian Dior) make New York’s Fifth Avenue top paradise for luxury hunters. In December, the stores mount elaborate displays — doormen dressed as toy soldiers at FAO Schwarz, a 27-foot (8-meter) sparkling snowflake floating over the street outside Tiffany, winter wonderland scenes in Macy’s windows—that attract holiday shoppers and sightseers. Walking along the crowded sidewalks of Fifth Avenue at this time of year is a special treat. 60．What brings more enjoyment than the act of purchasing? A．Receiving valet parking service in Rodeo Drive. B．Enjoying icelandish, handmade knitwear and woolen goods in Laugavegur C．Appreciating window displays in Ginza. D．Viewing elaborate store displays of toy soldiers and snowflake. 61．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．In the Bahnhofstrasse, you can obtain genuine Swiss watches at special shops. B．Reykjavík guarantees the originality of any outfit customers buy. C．Rodeo Drive is well-known for its natural scenes. D．Fifth Avenue is famous for its assembly of designer brands. 62．A visitor looking for magnificent night views should go to ______. A．The Bahnhofstrasse B．Rodeo Drive C．The Ginza D．Fifth Avenue 【答案】60．C 61．D 62．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个世界上最热门的购物街。 【详解】60．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Ginza下列“It’s said that the window displays are more a vision than shopping itself in Ginza.(据说银座的橱窗陈列比购物本身更有视觉效果)”可知，欣赏银座的橱窗展示比购买行为更能带来快乐。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据最后一段Fifth Avenue下列“Large landmark department stores (Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman, Macy’s) and small high-end designer name boutiques (Ferragamo, Harry Winston, Versace, Emanual Ungaro, Gucci, Henri Bendel, Tiffany, Steuben, Christian Dior) make New York’s Fifth Avenue top paradise for luxury hunters.(大型地标百货公司和小型高端设计师精品店（Ferragamo, Harry Winston, Versace, Emanual Ungaro, Gucci, Henri Bendel, Tiffany, Steuben, Christian Dior）使纽约第五大道成为奢侈品爱好者的顶级天堂)”可知，D选项“第五大道以设计师品牌的集合而闻名”正确。故选D。 62．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Ginza下列“At night colorful lights flood the Ginza with light, bringing the otherwise gray city to life, making the area the brightest pearl at night.(夜晚，五彩缤纷的灯光照亮了银座，给原本灰暗的城市带来了生机，使银座成为夜晚最明亮的明珠)”可知，想要欣赏壮丽夜景的游客应该去银座。故选C。 C In French culture, seven is known as l’âge de raison — the age at which children can tell right from wrong and assume some moral responsibility. Yet France’s national rail operator appears to disagree. They believe that children must be at least 12 to behave appropriately on a train. Earlier this month, SNCF, the state-owned railway company, launched its new Optimum Plus tariff (费用) on weekday rail services between Paris and Lyon, offering larger seats, better food and no under-12s. Designed to attract business travellers, the move aroused criticism and a wider debate about the place of children in society, particularly at a time of declining birthrates. “We can’t say we’re not having enough children and at the same time try to exclude them from everywhere,” argued Sarah El Hairy, a French official. Those who have endured long journeys with noisy children may understand the appeal of child-free spaces. But the reaction reflects a strong cultural objection. France traditionally grants children autonomy and responsibility, prioritising their integration into wider society. Children are expected to take part in everyday rituals, from elaborate school lunches to polite greetings. The underlying logic is simple: treating children as valued, responsible members of society helps them become respectful adults. Excluding them from public spaces weakens that lesson. The “no kids” rule therefore struck a nerve. SNCF, closely tied to French identity and summer holidays, is generally family-friendly. For example, activity packs are distributed to young travellers, and summer trains often carry groups of children heading to camps. After the social media storm, SNCF stressed that the new tariff applies to only 8% of weekday seats on one route and later removed references to a minimum age. Yet debate continues. Critics argue that a society unwilling to tolerate children is troubling. The controversy also connects with demographic (人口的) anxiety. Although France still has one of the highest birth rates in the EU, births have fallen sharply, with 24% fewer babies born last year than in 2010. The French government has called for expanding paid parental leave and maintaining extensive family support. Still, concerns about living costs and the climate crisis weigh heavily on decisions about parenthood. SNCF’s policy may affect only a small number of seats, but the reaction matters. Keeping children welcome in public spaces will not reverse falling birth rates. Treating them as troubles, however, is unlikely to help. 63．Why did SNCF launch the Optimum Plus tariff? A．To offer larger seats to children under 12. B．To appeal to frequent business travellers. C．To encourage public discussion about children. D．To promote the sale of rail tickets on weekends. 64．What can be inferred about SNCF according to the passage? A．It insists on the “no kids” rule despite strong opposition. B．It has long been criticized for not being family-friendly. C．It has attempted to soften the impact of the new policy. D．It promises to grant young passengers more autonomy. 65．The “no kids” policy arouses public concern in France because _______. A．it conflicts with France’s traditional attitude to children B．it has further decreased the birth rate among French C．it limits children’s access to all public transportation D．it may cause stress-related nerve problems in children 66．What is the author’s overall attitude in the passage? A．Neutral and mixed about the policy’s social impact. B．Concerned and critical of “no-kids” rule on board. C．Worried but supportive of policies favouring parents. D．Suspicious yet respectful of the rail operator’s policy. 【答案】63．B 64．C 65．A 66．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了法国国家铁路运营商推出“无儿童”票价政策引发的争议及其背后反映的社会文化问题。 63．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Earlier this month, SNCF, the state-owned railway company, launched its new Optimum Plus tariff (费用) on weekday rail services between Paris and Lyon, offering larger seats, better food and no under-12s. Designed to attract business travellers, the move aroused criticism and a wider debate about the place of children in society, particularly at a time of declining birthrates.(本月早些时候，法国国有铁路公司SNCF，在巴黎至里昂的工作日列车线路上推出全新的“优享加强版”票价，该席位座椅更宽敞、餐食更优质，且禁止十二岁以下儿童乘坐。此举初衷是吸引商务旅客，却引发诸多非议，也掀起一场关于儿童社会地位的广泛讨论，尤其当下法国正面临出生率走低的现状。)”可知，SNCF推出“优享加强版”票价是为了吸引经常出差的商务旅客。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the social media storm, SNCF stressed that the new tariff applies to only 8% of weekday seats on one route and later removed references to a minimum age. Yet debate continues.(在社交媒体舆论发酵后，法国国家铁路公司出面表态，强调该新票价仅覆盖一条线路工作日8%的席位，后续还删除了相关最低年龄限制的条款，但相关争议仍未平息。)”可知，SNCF试图减轻新政策的影响。故选C。 65．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But the reaction reflects a strong cultural objection. France traditionally grants children autonomy and responsibility, prioritising their integration into wider society. Children are expected to take part in everyday rituals, from elaborate school lunches to polite greetings. The underlying logic is simple: treating children as valued, responsible members of society helps them become respectful adults. Excluding them from public spaces weakens that lesson.(但民众的反对呼声，实则源于根深蒂固的文化观念。法国向来赋予孩子自主权利与责任意识，重视让他们融入整个社会。孩子们需要参与日常各类生活礼仪，从精致丰盛的校园午餐，到礼貌得体的待人问候，皆是如此。背后的道理十分浅显：将孩子视作受重视、有担当的社会一员，才能助力他们成长为懂尊重、有教养的成年人。而将孩童隔绝在公共空间之外，只会背离这一教育初衷。)”可知，“无儿童”政策引起了法国公众的关注，因为它与法国对儿童的传统态度相冲突。故选A。 66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“SNCF’s policy may affect only a small number of seats, but the reaction matters. Keeping children welcome in public spaces will not reverse falling birth rates. Treating them as troubles, however, is unlikely to help.(SNCF的政策可能只影响少数座位，但反应很重要。让儿童在公共空间受到欢迎不会扭转出生率下降的趋势。然而，把他们当作麻烦事不太可能有所帮助。)”可知，作者对火车上的“无儿童”规则表示担忧和批评。故选B。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Power of Pebbling Every day, despite our demanding roles, we exchange small digital clips and emojis. These are meaningful signals that keep us connected, a way of saying, “I’m thinking of you.” In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions. 67 Inspired by Gentoo penguins (巴布亚企鹅) who offer pebbles to mates, pebbling in human relationships involves small, thoughtful gestures that show someone is on our mind. In a digital age, this means sharing videos, or articles that mirror our inner circles, serving as a modern love language that narrows emotional and physical distance. Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships. 68 While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive. 69 For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions. In our fast-paced world, it’s tempting to dismiss these digital connections. Yet, by noticing how people create new forms of relationships, we can enrich our understanding. Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection. 70 If that is the case, then our work is to keep searching and learning from how people adapt as relationships keep evolving. A．Critics argue that screens have replaced face-to-face conversations and that social media often creates shallow connections. B．In fact, pebbling can serve as a gentle bridge for those who are not used to conventional closeness. C．It is easy to overlook pebbling as an especially valuable form of communication for sociable people. D．It’s not surprising that this practice has earned a name: Pebbling. E．Rather, it can be a new path to building and maintaining close relationships. F．When transferred to human relationships, this practice involves tiny, considerate gestures. 【答案】67．D 68．A 69．B 70．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍“投石互动”，人们通过分享数字内容这类微小举动维系情感；科技虽遭质疑，却能拉近关系，是新时代构建亲密联结的新方式。 【详解】67．根据上文“In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions.(在很多方面，这正是我们新养成的习惯，它能让我们在生活将我们引向不同方向时仍保持紧密的联系)”可知，前文提到这种日常分享小片段、表情包的行为是维系联系的新方式，后文紧接着解释“pebbling”的由来，D 选项“这种行为有了一个名字：投石互动（Pebbling）” 起到承上启下、引出核心概念的作用，逻辑通顺。故选D。 68．根据上文“Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships.(技术能够成为促进人际联系的再生力量，不过人们对于其在人类关系中的作用仍持怀疑态度)”以及后文“While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive.(虽然这些担忧或许有一定道理，但同样重要的是要详细说明技术如何能够增强我们的关系。对于那些寻求非传统了解方式的人来说，数字化连接的尝试能够提醒我们，关系并不总是由身体上的亲近或即时的回应来定义的)”可知，前文提到人们质疑科技在人际关系中的作用，后文说这些担忧有一定道理，A选项“批评者认为屏幕取代了面对面交流，社交媒体常造就肤浅的联系”正是具体的质疑观点，与上下文衔接紧密。故选A。 69．根据后文“For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions.(对于那些觉得传统交流方式难以适应的人来说，弹珠游戏可以成为一种强有力的替代方式，用于表达爱意和保持亲密关系，同时又无需承受长时间交谈的压力。传统的表达爱意的方式可能让人感觉不真诚，但弹珠游戏能够通过数字化的行动促进人际关系的发展)”可知，后文指出对于觉得传统沟通有难度的人来说，pebbling是很好的替代方式，B 选项“事实上，对于不习惯传统亲密方式的人，投石互动是一座温柔的桥梁”与后文内容高度契合，是段落主旨句。故选B。 70．根据上文“Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection.(屏幕使用时间不应仅仅被视为破坏人际联系的因素)”可知，前文提出不应把屏幕时间视作社交的敌人，E选项“相反，它可以成为建立和维系亲密关系的新途径”形成转折，承接上文并呼应全文核心观点。故选E。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Fight Fake Information   In this day and age, you probably get your information from various websites and social media. Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. The volume of information encountered daily makes it necessary to take an analytical approach to what you read to make sure it is reliable.   Several skills including critical thinking, which refers to the practice of examining evidence, logic, and context are essential. This skill helps you identify gaps in information, distinguish between fact and opinion and evaluate whether an argument is supported by solid reasoning. Beyond analysis, critical thinking involves asking meaningful questions  —  such as who created the information, why it was shared, and what might be missing. In an age where misinformation spreads rapidly, this mindset helps you build a mental barrier to resist emotional control and clickbait.   In today’s information rich world, we are constantly exposed to a huge amount of content from various digital sources. Make the most of your digital literacy by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. For example, consider how you might combine different types of digital sources to gain a deeper understanding of a topic.   You also need a strategy to determine whether online content can be trusted. Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. This approach helps you analyze and decide if online information is reliable. First, stop  —  don’t share right away, and check your emotions about the headline. Then, investigate the source  —  look up the author or site using other reliable sources. Next, find better coverage  —  see if trustworthy sites confirm the information. Finally, trace claims back to their original source to check if they’re fairly presented. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】     In the digital age, it is vital to fight fake information by developing critical thinking and digital literacy. One should not take everything at face value but examine evidence, logic, and context. Using diverse formats and platforms helps gain a deeper understanding. Employ strategies like the SIFT method — stop, investigate, find better coverage, trace claims — to verify reliability. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在数字时代如何应对虚假信息，强调了批判性思维和数字素养的重要性，并介绍了SIFT等方法帮助辨别信息真伪。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ① Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. ② Several skills including critical thinking, which refers to the practice of examining evidence, logic, and context are essential. ③ Make the most of your digital literacy by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. ④ Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. First, stop — don’t share right away, and check your emotions about the headline. Then, investigate the source — look up the author or site using other reliable sources. Next, find better coverage — see if trustworthy sites confirm the information. Finally, trace claims back to their original source to check if they’re fairly presented. 2. 缜密构思 将要点①和②融合，阐述应对虚假信息的核心态度与思维技能；要点③独立为数字素养的具体应用；要点④概括SIFT方法的核心步骤。 3. 遣词造句 Fake information is common online, so we must think critically and check facts carefully. Using different types of media and sources helps us understand information better. The SIFT method tells us to stop, check the source, look for other reports, and find the original information. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 In the digital age, it is vital to fight fake information by developing critical thinking and digital literacy. (运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，by引导方式状语对第一段内容进行了概括，表达非常高级) 【高分句型2】Using diverse formats and platforms helps gain a deeper understanding. (运用了动名词作主语对第三段内容进行了概括，表达非常高级) V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词。表示“邻家小男孩”用the little boy next door，作句子主语，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“练习做某事”用practice doing sth.；表示“拉小提琴”用play the violin，用动名词，作宾语。表示“每天”用every  day，本句描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式practices；表示“十分勤奋”用be very  diligent，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故翻译为The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 73．与其不假思索就仓促执行，不如事先仔细做好任务规划。(better) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is better to carefully plan the task in advance than to rush into action without thinking. 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“与其……不如……”用固定句型it is better to do...than to do...结构，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语；表示“仓促执行”用rush into action；表示“事先仔细做好任务规划”用carefully plan the task in advance，其中in advance表示“事先”为固定短语。故翻译为It is better to carefully plan the task in advance than to rush into action without thinking. 74．随着春天的到来，这些饱受困苦的鹿再次向北迁徙，将狼群与森林抛在身后。（head）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the arrival of spring, these deer that have suffered a lot head north again, leaving the wolves and the forest behind. 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和定语从句。表示“随着春天的到来”用with the arrival of spring，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“这些鹿”用these deer，表示“饱受困苦的”用that引导定语从句，修饰先行词deer，that在从句中作主语，表示“饱受困苦”用动词短语suffer a lot，从句描述过去的情况对现在有影响，使用现在完成时，即these deer that have suffered a lot，表示“再次”用again，表示“向北迁徙”用head north，主句描述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，主语为deer，为复数名词，故谓语head用原形形式。表示“将狼群与森林抛在身后”用leave the wolves and the forest behind，结合语意可知，这是鹿迁徙产生的自然而然的结果，所以动词leave使用现在分词形式作结果状语。故翻译为With the arrival of spring, these deer that have suffered a lot head north again, leaving the wolves and the forest behind. 75．这些陆地上的冰连同海冰，将太阳辐射反射出地表，以此保护我们的星球，防止其出现过热的状况。(together with) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The land ice, together with sea ice, reflects solar radiation away from the Earth’s surface, protecting our planet and preventing it from overheating. 【详解】考查together with的用法、非谓语动词和时态。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；表示“这些陆地上的冰”用the land ice，作句子的主语；表示“连同”用together with，引导介词短语，连接并列主语，用“就前原则”；表示“海冰”用 sea ice，是together with的宾语；表示“将太阳辐射反射出地表”用reflect solar radiation away from the Earth’s surface，reflect作谓语，结合“就前原则”即the land ice决定谓语动词的数，reflect用第三人称单数形式 reflects；表示“以此保护我们的星球，防止其出现过热的状况”用现在分词短语protecting our planet and preventing it from overheating，作结果状语，说明反射辐射带来的自然结果。 故翻译为：The land ice, together with sea ice, reflects solar radiation away from the Earth’s surface, protecting our planet and preventing it from overheating. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120‒150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李昈，最近受到英国笔友Tom的邮件，邮件中提到他意识到自己沉迷于电子游戏，但又不知道该如何改正这一习惯，想听听你的意见。回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你对如何改正爱打游戏这一习惯的建议； 2）你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you’re struggling with video game addiction, but it’s admirable that you want to make a change. Here are some practical suggestions. First, set clear boundaries for your gaming time. Use a timer to limit each session to 30 minutes and avoid playing before finishing homework or chores. This helps build self-discipline and prevents gaming from interfering with responsibilities. Second, replace gaming with alternative activities. Try picking up a hobby like reading or sports, which can release endorphins and occupy your mind. I used to play basketball after school, and it reduced my urge to game. Lastly, find an accountability partner — maybe a friend or family member who can check in on your progress. Sharing your goals makes it harder to give up. Remember, breaking a habit takes patience. Start small and focus on gradual changes. You’ve already taken the first step by acknowledging the issue, so stay committed! Best wishes! Yours Lihu 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Tom回复一封邮件，针对他沉迷于电子游戏并想改正这一习惯的问题，给出自己的建议和理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→ assist 令人钦佩的：admirable → commendable 限制：limit → restrict 坚持：stay committed → keep going 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Sharing your goals makes it harder to give up. 拓展句：Sharing your goals, which makes it harder to give up, is a good strategy. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Try picking up a hobby like reading or sports, which can release endorphins and occupy your mind. （运用了祈使句和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m sorry to hear you’re struggling with video game addiction, but it’s admirable that you want to make a change.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（沪外版） 英 语·参考答案 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B A C D B C B B C A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B D C C B D C A D C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 B B C C D D B A A C 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 A D A A C B D B B C 题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 答案 D C B C A B D A B E 21．was meant/had been meant 22．could/might 23．after/off 24．to be introduced 25．itself 26．where 27．what/something 28．in case 29．expected 30．whose 31．I 32．E 33．J 34．H 35．C 36．D 37．K 38．G 39．A 40．B 71．     In the digital age, it is vital to fight fake information by developing critical thinking and digital literacy. One should not take everything at face value but examine evidence, logic, and context. Using diverse formats and platforms helps gain a deeper understanding. Employ strategies like the SIFT method — stop, investigate, find better coverage, trace claims — to verify reliability. 72．The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 73．It is better to carefully plan the task in advance than to rush into action without thinking. 74．With the arrival of spring, these deer that have suffered a lot head north again, leaving the wolves and the forest behind. 75．The land ice, together with sea ice, reflects solar radiation away from the Earth’s surface, protecting our planet and preventing it from overheating. 76．Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you’re struggling with video game addiction, but it’s admirable that you want to make a change. Here are some practical suggestions. First, set clear boundaries for your gaming time. Use a timer to limit each session to 30 minutes and avoid playing before finishing homework or chores. This helps build self-discipline and prevents gaming from interfering with responsibilities. Second, replace gaming with alternative activities. Try picking up a hobby like reading or sports, which can release endorphins and occupy your mind. I used to play basketball after school, and it reduced my urge to game. Lastly, find an accountability partner — maybe a friend or family member who can check in on your progress. Sharing your goals makes it harder to give up. Remember, breaking a habit takes patience. Start small and focus on gradual changes. You’ve already taken the first step by acknowledging the issue, so stay committed! Best wishes! Yours Lihu 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。I'm sorry, we closed the boarding gate five minutes ago. When I checked in, they told me I had enough time. Question, where does the conversation probably take place? Listen to the next question. There is a trade fair coming up in september. Do you think we should attend? Probably not. I will take a lot of work to repair for IT. Also, IT costs a lot. To just get a spot question. why doesn't the man think they should attend the trade fair? Listen to the next question. You just paid off the bill for the past, the car that should teach your lesson. IT was IT was such a bother to park in the garage, and I never thought anything would happen to the car on the street. Question, what will the woman probably give up doing? Listen to the next question. Hey, jailed. I'm going to travel abroad soon and want to make the most of my trip. Any suggestions? How about trying a walking tour? It's a great way to explore a city and learn about its culture. Question, what does gill suggest the woman deal? Listen to the next question. Can I copy your homework? No way, not in a million years. Question, what does the woman mean? Listen to the next question. Why do you look so pale, Roger? I almost hit . an old lady on my way to work with my mini electric two wheel vehicle question. What can we learn from the conversation? Listen to the next question. It's almost moving day. right? Are you packed and ready to go? My mom is a little too ready. Last night, SHE packed all the truth paste in toilet paper, so washing up took quite some time this morning. Question, why did you take the woman so long to wash up this morning? Listen to the next question. Watch out. That bookshelf behind you doesn't look very safe. Oh, yes, you're right. IT isn't fixed to the wall question. What can we learn from the conversation? Listen to the next question. The three bedroom apartment is much more expensive. In that case, we might have to settle for two as long as it's in a good location. Question. what can be inferred from the conversation? Listen to the next question, what is . taking you along to decide which shirt wear tonight? I'm not sure. And I can't help thinking, what if this? What if that . question? What can be in third about the woman? Listen to the next question. Imagine a satellite made of wood rather than metal. This innovative concept is about to become a reality, with scientists aiming to launch the world's first wouldn't satellite later this summer. The know that satellite has been built of magnolia wood. In experiments Carried out on the international space station I, S, S. The satellite was found to be particularly stable and resistant to cracking. The wooden satellite has been built by researchers at kyoto university and the logging company called summo forestry in order to test whether by degraded materials such as word can replace metals to make satellites. The successful launch and demonstration of an eco friendly satellite would be a significant step toward addressing the increasing problem of space pollution. When traditional satellites reenter the earth's atmosphere, they burn, releasing tiny pieces of chemical matter, they would persist in the upper atmosphere for extended periods, damaging the upper layer and causing major environmental problems. However, this should not be a problem with satellites built of word, like when IT burns up as IT reenters the atmosphere. After completing its mission, IT will produce only a fine mist of biographical ash. Imagine a satellite made of wood rather than meddle. This innovative concept is about to become a reality with scientists aiming to launch the world's first wooden satellite later this summer. The legal SAT satellite has been built of magnolia wood in experiments Carried out on the international space station I. The satellite was found to be particularly stable and resistant to cracking. The wooden satellite has been built by researchers at kyoto university and the logging company called summo forestry. In order to test whether biodegradable materials such as wood can replace medals to make satellites. The successful launch and demonstration of an eco friendly satellite would be a significant step toward addressing the increasing problem of space pollution. When traditional satellite reenter the earth's atmosphere, they burn, releasing tiny pieces of chemical matter. They would persist in the upper atmosphere for extended periods, damaging the upper layer and causing major environmental problems. However, this should not be a problem with satellites built of wood like legno SAT. When IT burns up as IT reenters the atmosphere. After completing its mission, IT will produce only a fine mist of biodegradable ash. Questions eleven, what problem do the traditional satellite contribute to? Twelve, which of the following statements about the legal satellite is true? Thirteen, what is the main purpose of Carrying out the experiments? Listen to the next question. Many view failures negatively, but elana benari found of twenty one toys wants to change this perspective. He sees failure as a learning experience. The failure toy involves five personal teams, building structures on an unstable game wheel, competing for points. Falling structures result in point losses. After each five minute round, players switch teams. At the end, each player fills out a card saying who they think wins. This might not be the person with the most points. IT has more to do with who best supports their team's success. This leads to discussion about players behaviour and emotions and the consequences of these behaving and emotions. The failure toy follows band iris first product, the empathy toy. This toy began another way to help blind students and those who could see, communicate and be responsive to each other. Benari herself learned about failure in the process of designing the failure toy. SHE had to cancel her initial launch because the toy wasn't ready. SHE didn't want to settle for releasing a product that wasn't finished. After her third attempt to finish the failure toy, benari took a break from the project for a year. Then a company called, asking if he could hold a workshop to instruct them on how to use the failure toy. Barry agreed and got to work on the project. This time, SHE and her team had grown, and SHE met the deadline. Many view failure negatively, but elana benari, founder of twenty one toys, wants to change this perspective. He sees failure as a learning experience. The failure toy involves five percent teams building structures on an unstable game wheel competing for points. Falling structures result in point losses. After each five minute around, players switch teams. At the end, each player fills out a card saying who they think wins. This might not be the person with the most points IT has more to do with who best supports their team's success. This leads to discussion about players behaviours in emotions, in the consequences of these behaviours in emotions. The failure toy follows bin aryan first product, the empathy toy. This toy began as a way to help blind students and those who could see, communicate and be responsive to each other. Barry herself learned about failure. In the process of designing the failure toy, SHE had to cancel her initial launch because the toy wasn't ready. SHE didn't want to settle for releasing her product that wasn't finished. After her third attempt to finish the failure toy, bin ari took a break from the project for a year, then a company called, asking if he could hold a workshop to instruct them on how to use the failure toy. Ben, I agreed and got to work on the project. This time, SHE in her team had grown, and SHE met the deadline questions. Fourteen, what is is the main purpose of elana ban aris failure toy? Fifteen, what happens when the structures fall in the failure toy game? Sixteen, why did ben ari cancel the initial launch of the failure toy? Listen to the next question. Hi, danny. My name is Rebecca. That was a great club meeting. The introduction to the club was very helpful. Thanks. Rebecca. We are happy to have you as a member. Do you have any questions about the club? Yeah, I do win our club meetings held after school. Aside from the club time during school, we have additional practice sessions twice a week, specifically on od weeks, we on wednesday and thursday after noon. Well, on even weeks we gather on monday and tuesday afternoon. I see that goes perfectly with my schedule. Also, i'm curious about the clubs future activities. Will there be any performances or events that new members will take part in? Of course, it'll be some performing opportunities throughout the semester. The most important event for our club, however, is the big performance at the end of the semester, all the members can show their skills and perform together. That sounds amazing. I've always wanted to perform on stage, but I have no idea how to play the guitar. Don't worry, our members are always ready to help each other, and there will be meetings where we can practice . as a group that's great to know. I'm very excited . to learn that the spirit you can reach out to me if you have any other questions. Thanks, danny. Hi, danny. My name is Rebecca. That was a great club meeting. The introduction to the club was very helpful. Thanks, Rebecca. We're happy to have you as a member. Do you have any questions about the club? Yeah, I do win our club meetings held after school. Aside from the club time during school, we have additional practice sessions twice a week, specifically on odd weeks we meet on wednesday and thursday after noon. Well, on even weeks we gather on monday and tuesday afternoon. I see that goes perfectly with my schedule. Also, i'm curious about the clubs future activities. Will there be any performances or events that new members will take part in? Of course, they'll be some performing opportunities throughout the semester. The most important event for our club, however, is the big performance. At the end of the semester, all the members can show their skills and perform together. That sounds amazing. I've always wanted to perform on stage, but I have no idea how to play the guitar. Don't worry, our members are always ready to help each other, and there will be meetings where we can practice as a group. That's great to know. I'm very excited . to learn that the spirit you can reach out to me if you have any other questions. Thanks, danny. Questions seventeen, when does the club meet for practice after school in week three? Eighteen, what is the most important event for the club? Nineteen what is Rebecca major concern? Twenty, what do the two speakers mainly talk about? 听力部分到此结束。 ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．In a movie theater. B．At an airport. C．At a hotel. D．At a train station. 2． A．It involves too much preparation. B．It is impossible to get a suitable spot. C．Few people will attend the trade fair. D．They are fully occupied in September. 3． A．Teaching lessons to others. B．Repairing the car by herself. C．Parking outside her garage. D．Delaying paying the bill. 4． A．Book the most affordable trip. B．Sign up for a cultural awareness workshop. C．Explore the city on a tour bus. D．Join a walking tour of the city. 5． A．She hasn’t finished her homework yet. B．She is not helping the man cheat. C．The man should be more patient. D．The man doesn’t know how to copy. 6． A．Roger was hit on the way to work. B．Roger bought a mini electric two-wheel vehicle. C．Roger narrowly escaped hitting an old lady. D．Roger looks pale as a result of overwork. 7． A．She was too slow getting ready herself. B．Her mother packed everything, including essentials. C．Her mother forgot to set the alarm the previous night. D．She overslept because moving had tired her out. 8． A．The man didn’t notice the bookshelf. B．The man is standing in an unsafe place. C．They are fixing the broken bookshelf. D．They are talking about safety measures. 9． A．The man insists on having three bedrooms. B．The man is not concerned about the location. C．The man doesn’t have the budget for a three-bedroom apartment. D．The man has to settle in an apartment near his workplace. 10． A．She is afraid of making the wrong decision. B．She is an extremely decisive person. C．She doesn’t have many shirts to choose from. D．She can’t help asking for others’ opinions. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．Higher risks of explosion. B．Damage to the atmospheric layer. C．Increased greenhouse gas emissions. D．Water pollution due to satellite remains. 12．A．Built entirely by the university researchers. B．Made of a mixture of wood and metal. C．Found to be unstable during ISS experiments. D．Expected to produce biodegradable ash. 13．A．To test the strength of magnolia wood in space. B．To compare different innovative design concepts. C．To assess biodegradable materials for satellite construction. D．To reduce the cost of satellite manufacturing. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．To entertain players with a fun game. B．To teach players ways to control emotions. C．To change people’s negative view of failure. D．To help players improve their problem-solving skills. 15．A．The team gains extra points. B．The team loses points. C．The team is re-grouped. D．The team chooses a new leader. 16．A．She didn’t have enough time to prepare. B．She wanted to make it blind-friendly. C．The company requested a delay. D．The toy was not ready for release. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．On Monday and Tuesday afternoons. B．On Tuesday and Wednesday afternoons. C．On Wednesday and Thursday afternoons. D．On Friday and Saturday afternoons. 18．A．The semester-end performance. B．The weekly practice gathering. C．The monthly stage presentation. D．The initial introduction meeting. 19．A．The location of club practices. B．The club’s membership fees. C．The frequency of club meetings during school. D．Her ability to participate in future club performances. 20．A．The history and regulations of the club. B．Rebecca’s puzzles over her future in the club. C．The club’s meetings and performing opportunities. D．Danny’s role in the club and his major contributions. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Unhappy” Horse Drives New Year Sales Boom On 17 February 2026, China welcomed the Year of the Horse, which symbolizes energy and diligence. But the huge success of a faulty toy suggests that many Chinese are not feeling the festive atmosphere. A red horse toy produced by Happy Sister in the city of Yiwu in the east of China 21 (mean) to wear a broad smile, but a factory error meant it hit the shops, wearing a worried look. Because the smile was placed upside down, the horse’s nostrils (鼻孔) 22 be interpreted as tears. Despite the error, the toy went viral on social media. People joked that the crying horse is how you look at work, while the smiling one is how you look 23 work. By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines 24 (introduce) immediately. The small workshop, which had struggled with slow sales for months, suddenly found 25 flooded with orders and struggling to keep up with demand. Many Chinese white-collar workers have endured the 996 system, 26 employees are required to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. Though the practice was banned in 2021 after an employee died suddenly from a late-night shift, long overtime hours are still common today. Jacob Cooke, CEO of an e-commerce firm, said, “Consumer products and internet memes (网络梗) serve as a channel for people to discuss work pressure, a connection showing 27 formal communications often fail to convey.” The crying horse is a perfect example of this, as it gives workers an alternative way to express their tiredness   28 they are criticized for voicing their true feelings directly. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image 29 (expect) to appear on various products. The owner never found out who sewed the horse’s smile on upside down. “Since we can’t figure out exactly 30 mistake it was, we will just give everyone a bonus,” she said. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．climatic  B．damaging  C． exposed  D．fresh  E. fueling  F. inclusively G. lines  H. overdependence  I. overthrown  J. previously  K. separated The Fall of the Roman Empire The Western Roman Empire is known as one of the longest lasting empires. Historians believe that the empire collapsed in 476 A．D．, when its last ruler, Romulus Augustulus, was 31 . The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, 32 a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall 33 blamed on internal corruption (腐败). Other scholars have pointed to more specific reasons. Some have focused on the evolution of the Roman economy, which struggled to expand by the third century A．D．because of 34 on enslaved (受奴役的) people for labor. Ongoing military conflicts and civil wars that broke out from the third century on played a part too, weakening central authority and causing the empire to break apart, leaving it more 35 to external threats. In recent years, however, a (n) 36 theory has emerged, highlighting the impact of climatic changes and disease outbreaks. In a work published in 2017, classics professor Kyle Harper argues that the rise and fall of Rome was shaped not only by emperors, generals, soldiers and slaves, but also by viruses, volcanoes and solar cycles. It is a story in which humanity and the environment cannot be 37 . Harper and other scholars have drawn on climate and widespread-disease data, which have opened up new 38 of research into the study of the past. The data suggest that the 39 conditions of the empire in the first century B．C． favored agricultural, economic, and population growth. But they became more variable with a trend toward cooling and drought, which impacted agricultural productivity. This crisis was compounded by another 40 natural phenomenon: epidemics (时疫). From the latter half of the second century on, epidemics emerged that affected the whole Roman Empire with unmatched intensity. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Lawbreakers increasingly use generative AI to mimic (模仿) real people’s voices and cheat their loved ones out of money. And there’s a simple solution to this 41 problem: a code word. If you receive a call from someone who sounds just like your grandson and says he needs money, the best thing to do is hang up and call your grandson. But if the voice is so 42 that you can’t bear to do that, ask for your family code word. If the caller can’t produce it, hang up. 43 , if you are in trouble and need to call a loved one for help, say the code word so your relative knows it’s really you. Here are some tips on how to create and 44 a family code word: .1. Keep it simple but 45 . The code word (or phrase) should be easy to remember and something only family members would know. Lawbreakers can find out a lot about you online, including on social media and 46 available databases. Don’t use a word they could 47 , such as the name of your street or pet. Instead, choose from entertaining family 48 , like an inside joke or your baby’s first word. .2. Keep it safe. If you worry you’ll forget the code word, you could store it in a password manager. If you write it down, 49 the paper. .3. Keep the circle 50 . Only share the code word with close and trusted family members, and do it in person or over the phone. The wider the circle, the riskier it gets. .4. Have a Plan B．Some families prefer to have a code question to which only a family member would know the answer. In the event that a caller could guess the right answer, have a(n) 51 question as well — a type of two-factor confirmation. .5. Don’t change the code word unless you need to. A 52 in family dynamics — such as a relative getting broken up with a mate who knew the code — could justify a change. But if you’re confident there’s no 53 in the circle of code-word holders, there’s no need to change it. Introducing a new word could cause 54 , like forgetting which is the latest version. ● The warning: There are situations where a code might not be appropriate. Some people might not be able to remember the word or think to ask for one. In that case, it’s probably best to 55 calls by blocking unknown numbers. 41．A．age-old B．high-tech C．number-one D．substance-abuse 42．A．commanding B．convincing C．pleasant D．smooth 43．A．Consequently B．Contrarily C．Likewise D．Nevertheless 44．A．break B．issue C．manage D．pronounce 45．A．digital B．professional C．strict D．strong 46．A．commercially B．instantly C．locally D．publicly 47．A．coin B．guess C．translate D．understand 48．A．accounts B．commitments C．members D．ties 49．A．hide B．recycle C．tear D．unfold 50．A．charmed B．complete C．tight D．widening 51．A．backup B．multiple-choice C．open-ended D．specific 52．A．balance B．pattern C．presence D．shift 53．A．break B．cash C．security D．trap 54．A．confusion B．debate C．intervention D．misunderstanding 55．A．finish B．handle C．limit D．trace Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A A new study has revealed that the Greenland ice cap is melting far faster than previously thought, as satellite data show widespread ice loss over the past four decades. Using artificial intelligence to analyse satellite photos from 1985 to 2022, researchers mapped the end positions of more than 235,000 glaciers(冰川) around the island. This unusual dataset showed that almost every glacier has become smaller in recent decades, losing an area of about 5,000 sq km of ice-equivalent to a trillion tonnes. The study, published in Nature, adds significant new insight to earlier measurements based on ice height or gravity data, which could only detect losses that ended up in the ocean. By identifying the withdrawal of glaciers lying mostly below sea level in Greenland’s narrow fjords (峡湾), the researchers uncovered an additional and previously unaccounted source of ice loss. Dr Chad Greene, at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, who led the research, described the changes as “tremendous and happening everywhere.” When the team combined their findings with existing measurements of the Greenland ice sheet, they found the total annual loss of ice since 2003 reached about 264bn tonnes — roughly 30m tonnes every hour. The new data show an increase of 43bn tonnes a year compared with earlier estimates, or about 20% more than previously thought. The implications, scientists warn, are alarming. As Greenland’s glaciers withdraw and release vast quantities of freshwater into the North Atlantic, they may speed up the weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) — a system of ocean currents that regulates global climate. The AMOC is already at its weakest point in 1,600 years, and recent research has indicated it could collapse as soon as 2027 in a worst-case situation. Such a collapse would disrupt global weather patterns, damage ecosystems, and threaten food security worldwide. “There is some concern that any small source of freshwater may serve as a ‘tipping point’ that could trigger a full-scale collapse of the AMOC,” the scientists said. Yet freshwater from Greenland’s glacier withdrawal is not currently included in oceanographic models. The inflow of less salty freshwater slows the normal sinking of heavier, saltier water in the polar region — the engine that drives the AMOC． The findings suggest that Greenland’s hidden ice loss may play a far greater role in the stability of Earth’s climate system than once imagined. 56．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To promote the growing use of AI in environmental science research. B．To report a study revealing faster Greenland ice loss and its global impact. C．To criticize the inaccuracy of previous ice loss measurements in Greenland. D．To describe how scientists discovered a new form of glacier below sea level 57．What can be inferred about previous methods of measuring ice loss? A．They ignored surface melting entirely. B．They overestimated Greenland’s total ice loss. C．They were more accurate than satellite imagery. D．They underestimated losses occurring below sea level. 58．The underlined word “implications” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ______. A．the new measurements of the Greenland ice sheet B．the consequences of faster Greenland ice loss C．the methods used to analyze satellite data D．the warnings from scientists about climate change 59．Which diagram best illustrates the process of AMOC weakening described in the passage? A．Glacier melting → Freshwater inflow → Ocean temperature↑ → AMOC weakening B．Glacial freshwater input→ Ocean saltiness↓—Sinking of salty water↓→ AMOC weakening C．Ocean saltiness↓ → Ice loss data ↑→ Scientist warnings → AMOC weakening D．Ice height measurement↓ → Gravity data↑ → Ocean model error → AMOC weakening B Our magazine is bringing to you the hottest high streets for shopping in the world. Zürich, Switzerland The Bahnhofstrasse, Zürich’s resplendent, tree-lined exclusive shopping avenue, stretches a mile (1.4 kilometers). You’ll find some of Switzerland’s top shopping along its length, from top clothing designers to high-end options for shoes, furs, accessories, china, and jewelry and, most famous of course, Swiss watches. Rodeo Drive Beverly Hills, California Rodeo Drive manages to pack in enough audacious glitz to qualify as one of the world’s most glamorous and expensive shopping stretches. Just off Rodeo lies Two Rodeo, a strip of boutiques modeled after European boutiques, with cobblestones, fountains, and bistros. Perhaps its least known amenity is the free two-hour valet parking. Laugavegur Reykjavík, Iceland Reykjavík’s main shopping street hosts numerous clothing boutiques and an assortment of shops offering accessories, leather goods, cosmetics, lingerie, books, music, and what is most Icelandish, the finest handmade knitwear and woolen goods. If you buy an outfit from one of the local fashion houses, rest assured it will be original. The Ginza Tokyo, Japan The Ginza, comprising eight blocks, is Tokyo’s most exclusive shopping area. It boasts some of the most expensive real estate on Earth. Known luxury and exclusive retailers stand side by side with Tokyo’s landmark department stores, Mitsukoshi, Wako (whose clock is a landmark unto itself), and the 14-story Marion. The latter actually houses seven movie theaters and two department stores. Many store windows feature elaborate displays that showcase typical Japanese culture. It’s said that the window displays are more a vision than shopping itself in Ginza. At night colorful lights flood the Ginza with light, bringing the otherwise gray city to life, making the area the brightest pearl at night. Fifth Avenue New York City, New York Large landmark department stores (Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman, Macy’s) and small high-end designer name boutiques (Ferragamo, Harry Winston, Versace, Emanual Ungaro, Gucci, Henri Bendel, Tiffany, Steuben, Christian Dior) make New York’s Fifth Avenue top paradise for luxury hunters. In December, the stores mount elaborate displays — doormen dressed as toy soldiers at FAO Schwarz, a 27-foot (8-meter) sparkling snowflake floating over the street outside Tiffany, winter wonderland scenes in Macy’s windows—that attract holiday shoppers and sightseers. Walking along the crowded sidewalks of Fifth Avenue at this time of year is a special treat. 60．What brings more enjoyment than the act of purchasing? A．Receiving valet parking service in Rodeo Drive. B．Enjoying icelandish, handmade knitwear and woolen goods in Laugavegur C．Appreciating window displays in Ginza. D．Viewing elaborate store displays of toy soldiers and snowflake. 61．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．In the Bahnhofstrasse, you can obtain genuine Swiss watches at special shops. B．Reykjavík guarantees the originality of any outfit customers buy. C．Rodeo Drive is well-known for its natural scenes. D．Fifth Avenue is famous for its assembly of designer brands. 62．A visitor looking for magnificent night views should go to ______. A．The Bahnhofstrasse B．Rodeo Drive C．The Ginza D．Fifth Avenue C In French culture, seven is known as l’âge de raison — the age at which children can tell right from wrong and assume some moral responsibility. Yet France’s national rail operator appears to disagree. They believe that children must be at least 12 to behave appropriately on a train. Earlier this month, SNCF, the state-owned railway company, launched its new Optimum Plus tariff (费用) on weekday rail services between Paris and Lyon, offering larger seats, better food and no under-12s. Designed to attract business travellers, the move aroused criticism and a wider debate about the place of children in society, particularly at a time of declining birthrates. “We can’t say we’re not having enough children and at the same time try to exclude them from everywhere,” argued Sarah El Hairy, a French official. Those who have endured long journeys with noisy children may understand the appeal of child-free spaces. But the reaction reflects a strong cultural objection. France traditionally grants children autonomy and responsibility, prioritising their integration into wider society. Children are expected to take part in everyday rituals, from elaborate school lunches to polite greetings. The underlying logic is simple: treating children as valued, responsible members of society helps them become respectful adults. Excluding them from public spaces weakens that lesson. The “no kids” rule therefore struck a nerve. SNCF, closely tied to French identity and summer holidays, is generally family-friendly. For example, activity packs are distributed to young travellers, and summer trains often carry groups of children heading to camps. After the social media storm, SNCF stressed that the new tariff applies to only 8% of weekday seats on one route and later removed references to a minimum age. Yet debate continues. Critics argue that a society unwilling to tolerate children is troubling. The controversy also connects with demographic (人口的) anxiety. Although France still has one of the highest birth rates in the EU, births have fallen sharply, with 24% fewer babies born last year than in 2010. The French government has called for expanding paid parental leave and maintaining extensive family support. Still, concerns about living costs and the climate crisis weigh heavily on decisions about parenthood. SNCF’s policy may affect only a small number of seats, but the reaction matters. Keeping children welcome in public spaces will not reverse falling birth rates. Treating them as troubles, however, is unlikely to help. 63．Why did SNCF launch the Optimum Plus tariff? A．To offer larger seats to children under 12. B．To appeal to frequent business travellers. C．To encourage public discussion about children. D．To promote the sale of rail tickets on weekends. 64．What can be inferred about SNCF according to the passage? A．It insists on the “no kids” rule despite strong opposition. B．It has long been criticized for not being family-friendly. C．It has attempted to soften the impact of the new policy. D．It promises to grant young passengers more autonomy. 65．The “no kids” policy arouses public concern in France because _______. A．it conflicts with France’s traditional attitude to children B．it has further decreased the birth rate among French C．it limits children’s access to all public transportation D．it may cause stress-related nerve problems in children 66．What is the author’s overall attitude in the passage? A．Neutral and mixed about the policy’s social impact. B．Concerned and critical of “no-kids” rule on board. C．Worried but supportive of policies favouring parents. D．Suspicious yet respectful of the rail operator’s policy. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Power of Pebbling Every day, despite our demanding roles, we exchange small digital clips and emojis. These are meaningful signals that keep us connected, a way of saying, “I’m thinking of you.” In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions. 67 Inspired by Gentoo penguins (巴布亚企鹅) who offer pebbles to mates, pebbling in human relationships involves small, thoughtful gestures that show someone is on our mind. In a digital age, this means sharing videos, or articles that mirror our inner circles, serving as a modern love language that narrows emotional and physical distance. Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships. 68 While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive. 69 For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions. In our fast-paced world, it’s tempting to dismiss these digital connections. Yet, by noticing how people create new forms of relationships, we can enrich our understanding. Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection. 70 If that is the case, then our work is to keep searching and learning from how people adapt as relationships keep evolving. A．Critics argue that screens have replaced face-to-face conversations and that social media often creates shallow connections. B．In fact, pebbling can serve as a gentle bridge for those who are not used to conventional closeness. C．It is easy to overlook pebbling as an especially valuable form of communication for sociable people. D．It’s not surprising that this practice has earned a name: Pebbling. E．Rather, it can be a new path to building and maintaining close relationships. F．When transferred to human relationships, this practice involves tiny, considerate gestures. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Fight Fake Information   In this day and age, you probably get your information from various websites and social media. Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. The volume of information encountered daily makes it necessary to take an analytical approach to what you read to make sure it is reliable.   Several skills including critical thinking, which refers to the practice of examining evidence, logic, and context are essential. This skill helps you identify gaps in information, distinguish between fact and opinion and evaluate whether an argument is supported by solid reasoning. Beyond analysis, critical thinking involves asking meaningful questions  —  such as who created the information, why it was shared, and what might be missing. In an age where misinformation spreads rapidly, this mindset helps you build a mental barrier to resist emotional control and clickbait.   In today’s information rich world, we are constantly exposed to a huge amount of content from various digital sources. Make the most of your digital literacy by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. For example, consider how you might combine different types of digital sources to gain a deeper understanding of a topic.   You also need a strategy to determine whether online content can be trusted. Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. This approach helps you analyze and decide if online information is reliable. First, stop  —  don’t share right away, and check your emotions about the headline. Then, investigate the source  —  look up the author or site using other reliable sources. Next, find better coverage  —  see if trustworthy sites confirm the information. Finally, trace claims back to their original source to check if they’re fairly presented. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 73．与其不假思索就仓促执行，不如事先仔细做好任务规划。(better) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 74．随着春天的到来，这些饱受困苦的鹿再次向北迁徙，将狼群与森林抛在身后。（head）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 75．这些陆地上的冰连同海冰，将太阳辐射反射出地表，以此保护我们的星球，防止其出现过热的状况。(together with) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120‒150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李昈，最近受到英国笔友Tom的邮件，邮件中提到他意识到自己沉迷于电子游戏，但又不知道该如何改正这一习惯，想听听你的意见。回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你对如何改正爱打游戏这一习惯的建议； 2）你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共6页） 试题 第4页（共6页） 试题 第1页（共6页） 试题 第2页（共6页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．In a movie theater. B．At an airport. C．At a hotel. D．At a train station. 2． A．It involves too much preparation. B．It is impossible to get a suitable spot. C．Few people will attend the trade fair. D．They are fully occupied in September. 3． A．Teaching lessons to others. B．Repairing the car by herself. C．Parking outside her garage. D．Delaying paying the bill. 4． A．Book the most affordable trip. B．Sign up for a cultural awareness workshop. C．Explore the city on a tour bus. D．Join a walking tour of the city. 5． A．She hasn’t finished her homework yet. B．She is not helping the man cheat. C．The man should be more patient. D．The man doesn’t know how to copy. 6． A．Roger was hit on the way to work. B．Roger bought a mini electric two-wheel vehicle. C．Roger narrowly escaped hitting an old lady. D．Roger looks pale as a result of overwork. 7． A．She was too slow getting ready herself. B．Her mother packed everything, including essentials. C．Her mother forgot to set the alarm the previous night. D．She overslept because moving had tired her out. 8． A．The man didn’t notice the bookshelf. B．The man is standing in an unsafe place. C．They are fixing the broken bookshelf. D．They are talking about safety measures. 9． A．The man insists on having three bedrooms. B．The man is not concerned about the location. C．The man doesn’t have the budget for a three-bedroom apartment. D．The man has to settle in an apartment near his workplace. 10． A．She is afraid of making the wrong decision. B．She is an extremely decisive person. C．She doesn’t have many shirts to choose from. D．She can’t help asking for others’ opinions. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．Higher risks of explosion. B．Damage to the atmospheric layer. C．Increased greenhouse gas emissions. D．Water pollution due to satellite remains. 12．A．Built entirely by the university researchers. B．Made of a mixture of wood and metal. C．Found to be unstable during ISS experiments. D．Expected to produce biodegradable ash. 13．A．To test the strength of magnolia wood in space. B．To compare different innovative design concepts. C．To assess biodegradable materials for satellite construction. D．To reduce the cost of satellite manufacturing. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．To entertain players with a fun game. B．To teach players ways to control emotions. C．To change people’s negative view of failure. D．To help players improve their problem-solving skills. 15．A．The team gains extra points. B．The team loses points. C．The team is re-grouped. D．The team chooses a new leader. 16．A．She didn’t have enough time to prepare. B．She wanted to make it blind-friendly. C．The company requested a delay. D．The toy was not ready for release. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．On Monday and Tuesday afternoons. B．On Tuesday and Wednesday afternoons. C．On Wednesday and Thursday afternoons. D．On Friday and Saturday afternoons. 18．A．The semester-end performance. B．The weekly practice gathering. C．The monthly stage presentation. D．The initial introduction meeting. 19．A．The location of club practices. B．The club’s membership fees. C．The frequency of club meetings during school. D．Her ability to participate in future club performances. 20．A．The history and regulations of the club. B．Rebecca’s puzzles over her future in the club. C．The club’s meetings and performing opportunities. D．Danny’s role in the club and his major contributions. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Unhappy” Horse Drives New Year Sales Boom On 17 February 2026, China welcomed the Year of the Horse, which symbolizes energy and diligence. But the huge success of a faulty toy suggests that many Chinese are not feeling the festive atmosphere. A red horse toy produced by Happy Sister in the city of Yiwu in the east of China 21 (mean) to wear a broad smile, but a factory error meant it hit the shops, wearing a worried look. Because the smile was placed upside down, the horse’s nostrils (鼻孔) 22 be interpreted as tears. Despite the error, the toy went viral on social media. People joked that the crying horse is how you look at work, while the smiling one is how you look 23 work. By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines 24 (introduce) immediately. The small workshop, which had struggled with slow sales for months, suddenly found 25 flooded with orders and struggling to keep up with demand. Many Chinese white-collar workers have endured the 996 system, 26 employees are required to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. Though the practice was banned in 2021 after an employee died suddenly from a late-night shift, long overtime hours are still common today. Jacob Cooke, CEO of an e-commerce firm, said, “Consumer products and internet memes (网络梗) serve as a channel for people to discuss work pressure, a connection showing 27 formal communications often fail to convey.” The crying horse is a perfect example of this, as it gives workers an alternative way to express their tiredness   28 they are criticized for voicing their true feelings directly. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image 29 (expect) to appear on various products. The owner never found out who sewed the horse’s smile on upside down. “Since we can’t figure out exactly 30 mistake it was, we will just give everyone a bonus,” she said. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．climatic  B．damaging  C． exposed  D．fresh  E. fueling  F. inclusively G. lines  H. overdependence  I. overthrown  J. previously  K. separated The Fall of the Roman Empire The Western Roman Empire is known as one of the longest lasting empires. Historians believe that the empire collapsed in 476 A．D．, when its last ruler, Romulus Augustulus, was 31 . The question of why the Western Roman Empire ended has fascinated historians for generations, 32 a debate that is nowhere near reaching an agreement. In 1984, German historian Alexander Demandt drew up a list of more than two hundred factors that have been cited to explain Rome’s fall — a fall 33 blamed on internal corruption (腐败). Other scholars have pointed to more specific reasons. Some have focused on the evolution of the Roman economy, which struggled to expand by the third century A．D．because of 34 on enslaved (受奴役的) people for labor. Ongoing military conflicts and civil wars that broke out from the third century on played a part too, weakening central authority and causing the empire to break apart, leaving it more 35 to external threats. In recent years, however, a (n) 36 theory has emerged, highlighting the impact of climatic changes and disease outbreaks. In a work published in 2017, classics professor Kyle Harper argues that the rise and fall of Rome was shaped not only by emperors, generals, soldiers and slaves, but also by viruses, volcanoes and solar cycles. It is a story in which humanity and the environment cannot be 37 . Harper and other scholars have drawn on climate and widespread-disease data, which have opened up new 38 of research into the study of the past. The data suggest that the 39 conditions of the empire in the first century B．C． favored agricultural, economic, and population growth. But they became more variable with a trend toward cooling and drought, which impacted agricultural productivity. This crisis was compounded by another 40 natural phenomenon: epidemics (时疫). From the latter half of the second century on, epidemics emerged that affected the whole Roman Empire with unmatched intensity. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Lawbreakers increasingly use generative AI to mimic (模仿) real people’s voices and cheat their loved ones out of money. And there’s a simple solution to this 41 problem: a code word. If you receive a call from someone who sounds just like your grandson and says he needs money, the best thing to do is hang up and call your grandson. But if the voice is so 42 that you can’t bear to do that, ask for your family code word. If the caller can’t produce it, hang up. 43 , if you are in trouble and need to call a loved one for help, say the code word so your relative knows it’s really you. Here are some tips on how to create and 44 a family code word: .1. Keep it simple but 45 . The code word (or phrase) should be easy to remember and something only family members would know. Lawbreakers can find out a lot about you online, including on social media and 46 available databases. Don’t use a word they could 47 , such as the name of your street or pet. Instead, choose from entertaining family 48 , like an inside joke or your baby’s first word. .2. Keep it safe. If you worry you’ll forget the code word, you could store it in a password manager. If you write it down, 49 the paper. .3. Keep the circle 50 . Only share the code word with close and trusted family members, and do it in person or over the phone. The wider the circle, the riskier it gets. .4. Have a Plan B．Some families prefer to have a code question to which only a family member would know the answer. In the event that a caller could guess the right answer, have a(n) 51 question as well — a type of two-factor confirmation. .5. Don’t change the code word unless you need to. A 52 in family dynamics — such as a relative getting broken up with a mate who knew the code — could justify a change. But if you’re confident there’s no 53 in the circle of code-word holders, there’s no need to change it. Introducing a new word could cause 54 , like forgetting which is the latest version. ● The warning: There are situations where a code might not be appropriate. Some people might not be able to remember the word or think to ask for one. In that case, it’s probably best to 55 calls by blocking unknown numbers. 41．A．age-old B．high-tech C．number-one D．substance-abuse 42．A．commanding B．convincing C．pleasant D．smooth 43．A．Consequently B．Contrarily C．Likewise D．Nevertheless 44．A．break B．issue C．manage D．pronounce 45．A．digital B．professional C．strict D．strong 46．A．commercially B．instantly C．locally D．publicly 47．A．coin B．guess C．translate D．understand 48．A．accounts B．commitments C．members D．ties 49．A．hide B．recycle C．tear D．unfold 50．A．charmed B．complete C．tight D．widening 51．A．backup B．multiple-choice C．open-ended D．specific 52．A．balance B．pattern C．presence D．shift 53．A．break B．cash C．security D．trap 54．A．confusion B．debate C．intervention D．misunderstanding 55．A．finish B．handle C．limit D．trace Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A A new study has revealed that the Greenland ice cap is melting far faster than previously thought, as satellite data show widespread ice loss over the past four decades. Using artificial intelligence to analyse satellite photos from 1985 to 2022, researchers mapped the end positions of more than 235,000 glaciers(冰川) around the island. This unusual dataset showed that almost every glacier has become smaller in recent decades, losing an area of about 5,000 sq km of ice-equivalent to a trillion tonnes. The study, published in Nature, adds significant new insight to earlier measurements based on ice height or gravity data, which could only detect losses that ended up in the ocean. By identifying the withdrawal of glaciers lying mostly below sea level in Greenland’s narrow fjords (峡湾), the researchers uncovered an additional and previously unaccounted source of ice loss. Dr Chad Greene, at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, who led the research, described the changes as “tremendous and happening everywhere.” When the team combined their findings with existing measurements of the Greenland ice sheet, they found the total annual loss of ice since 2003 reached about 264bn tonnes — roughly 30m tonnes every hour. The new data show an increase of 43bn tonnes a year compared with earlier estimates, or about 20% more than previously thought. The implications, scientists warn, are alarming. As Greenland’s glaciers withdraw and release vast quantities of freshwater into the North Atlantic, they may speed up the weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) — a system of ocean currents that regulates global climate. The AMOC is already at its weakest point in 1,600 years, and recent research has indicated it could collapse as soon as 2027 in a worst-case situation. Such a collapse would disrupt global weather patterns, damage ecosystems, and threaten food security worldwide. “There is some concern that any small source of freshwater may serve as a ‘tipping point’ that could trigger a full-scale collapse of the AMOC,” the scientists said. Yet freshwater from Greenland’s glacier withdrawal is not currently included in oceanographic models. The inflow of less salty freshwater slows the normal sinking of heavier, saltier water in the polar region — the engine that drives the AMOC． The findings suggest that Greenland’s hidden ice loss may play a far greater role in the stability of Earth’s climate system than once imagined. 56．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To promote the growing use of AI in environmental science research. B．To report a study revealing faster Greenland ice loss and its global impact. C．To criticize the inaccuracy of previous ice loss measurements in Greenland. D．To describe how scientists discovered a new form of glacier below sea level 57．What can be inferred about previous methods of measuring ice loss? A．They ignored surface melting entirely. B．They overestimated Greenland’s total ice loss. C．They were more accurate than satellite imagery. D．They underestimated losses occurring below sea level. 58．The underlined word “implications” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ______. A．the new measurements of the Greenland ice sheet B．the consequences of faster Greenland ice loss C．the methods used to analyze satellite data D．the warnings from scientists about climate change 59．Which diagram best illustrates the process of AMOC weakening described in the passage? A．Glacier melting → Freshwater inflow → Ocean temperature↑ → AMOC weakening B．Glacial freshwater input→ Ocean saltiness↓—Sinking of salty water↓→ AMOC weakening C．Ocean saltiness↓ → Ice loss data ↑→ Scientist warnings → AMOC weakening D．Ice height measurement↓ → Gravity data↑ → Ocean model error → AMOC weakening B Our magazine is bringing to you the hottest high streets for shopping in the world. Zürich, Switzerland The Bahnhofstrasse, Zürich’s resplendent, tree-lined exclusive shopping avenue, stretches a mile (1.4 kilometers). You’ll find some of Switzerland’s top shopping along its length, from top clothing designers to high-end options for shoes, furs, accessories, china, and jewelry and, most famous of course, Swiss watches. Rodeo Drive Beverly Hills, California Rodeo Drive manages to pack in enough audacious glitz to qualify as one of the world’s most glamorous and expensive shopping stretches. Just off Rodeo lies Two Rodeo, a strip of boutiques modeled after European boutiques, with cobblestones, fountains, and bistros. Perhaps its least known amenity is the free two-hour valet parking. Laugavegur Reykjavík, Iceland Reykjavík’s main shopping street hosts numerous clothing boutiques and an assortment of shops offering accessories, leather goods, cosmetics, lingerie, books, music, and what is most Icelandish, the finest handmade knitwear and woolen goods. If you buy an outfit from one of the local fashion houses, rest assured it will be original. The Ginza Tokyo, Japan The Ginza, comprising eight blocks, is Tokyo’s most exclusive shopping area. It boasts some of the most expensive real estate on Earth. Known luxury and exclusive retailers stand side by side with Tokyo’s landmark department stores, Mitsukoshi, Wako (whose clock is a landmark unto itself), and the 14-story Marion. The latter actually houses seven movie theaters and two department stores. Many store windows feature elaborate displays that showcase typical Japanese culture. It’s said that the window displays are more a vision than shopping itself in Ginza. At night colorful lights flood the Ginza with light, bringing the otherwise gray city to life, making the area the brightest pearl at night. Fifth Avenue New York City, New York Large landmark department stores (Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman, Macy’s) and small high-end designer name boutiques (Ferragamo, Harry Winston, Versace, Emanual Ungaro, Gucci, Henri Bendel, Tiffany, Steuben, Christian Dior) make New York’s Fifth Avenue top paradise for luxury hunters. In December, the stores mount elaborate displays — doormen dressed as toy soldiers at FAO Schwarz, a 27-foot (8-meter) sparkling snowflake floating over the street outside Tiffany, winter wonderland scenes in Macy’s windows—that attract holiday shoppers and sightseers. Walking along the crowded sidewalks of Fifth Avenue at this time of year is a special treat. 60．What brings more enjoyment than the act of purchasing? A．Receiving valet parking service in Rodeo Drive. B．Enjoying icelandish, handmade knitwear and woolen goods in Laugavegur C．Appreciating window displays in Ginza. D．Viewing elaborate store displays of toy soldiers and snowflake. 61．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．In the Bahnhofstrasse, you can obtain genuine Swiss watches at special shops. B．Reykjavík guarantees the originality of any outfit customers buy. C．Rodeo Drive is well-known for its natural scenes. D．Fifth Avenue is famous for its assembly of designer brands. 62．A visitor looking for magnificent night views should go to ______. A．The Bahnhofstrasse B．Rodeo Drive C．The Ginza D．Fifth Avenue C In French culture, seven is known as l’âge de raison — the age at which children can tell right from wrong and assume some moral responsibility. Yet France’s national rail operator appears to disagree. They believe that children must be at least 12 to behave appropriately on a train. Earlier this month, SNCF, the state-owned railway company, launched its new Optimum Plus tariff (费用) on weekday rail services between Paris and Lyon, offering larger seats, better food and no under-12s. Designed to attract business travellers, the move aroused criticism and a wider debate about the place of children in society, particularly at a time of declining birthrates. “We can’t say we’re not having enough children and at the same time try to exclude them from everywhere,” argued Sarah El Hairy, a French official. Those who have endured long journeys with noisy children may understand the appeal of child-free spaces. But the reaction reflects a strong cultural objection. France traditionally grants children autonomy and responsibility, prioritising their integration into wider society. Children are expected to take part in everyday rituals, from elaborate school lunches to polite greetings. The underlying logic is simple: treating children as valued, responsible members of society helps them become respectful adults. Excluding them from public spaces weakens that lesson. The “no kids” rule therefore struck a nerve. SNCF, closely tied to French identity and summer holidays, is generally family-friendly. For example, activity packs are distributed to young travellers, and summer trains often carry groups of children heading to camps. After the social media storm, SNCF stressed that the new tariff applies to only 8% of weekday seats on one route and later removed references to a minimum age. Yet debate continues. Critics argue that a society unwilling to tolerate children is troubling. The controversy also connects with demographic (人口的) anxiety. Although France still has one of the highest birth rates in the EU, births have fallen sharply, with 24% fewer babies born last year than in 2010. The French government has called for expanding paid parental leave and maintaining extensive family support. Still, concerns about living costs and the climate crisis weigh heavily on decisions about parenthood. SNCF’s policy may affect only a small number of seats, but the reaction matters. Keeping children welcome in public spaces will not reverse falling birth rates. Treating them as troubles, however, is unlikely to help. 63．Why did SNCF launch the Optimum Plus tariff? A．To offer larger seats to children under 12. B．To appeal to frequent business travellers. C．To encourage public discussion about children. D．To promote the sale of rail tickets on weekends. 64．What can be inferred about SNCF according to the passage? A．It insists on the “no kids” rule despite strong opposition. B．It has long been criticized for not being family-friendly. C．It has attempted to soften the impact of the new policy. D．It promises to grant young passengers more autonomy. 65．The “no kids” policy arouses public concern in France because _______. A．it conflicts with France’s traditional attitude to children B．it has further decreased the birth rate among French C．it limits children’s access to all public transportation D．it may cause stress-related nerve problems in children 66．What is the author’s overall attitude in the passage? A．Neutral and mixed about the policy’s social impact. B．Concerned and critical of “no-kids” rule on board. C．Worried but supportive of policies favouring parents. D．Suspicious yet respectful of the rail operator’s policy. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. The Power of Pebbling Every day, despite our demanding roles, we exchange small digital clips and emojis. These are meaningful signals that keep us connected, a way of saying, “I’m thinking of you.” In many ways, this is our newfound practice that keeps us connected when life pulls us in different directions. 67 Inspired by Gentoo penguins (巴布亚企鹅) who offer pebbles to mates, pebbling in human relationships involves small, thoughtful gestures that show someone is on our mind. In a digital age, this means sharing videos, or articles that mirror our inner circles, serving as a modern love language that narrows emotional and physical distance. Technology can be a regenerative force for connection, though people remain doubtful about its role in human relationships. 68 While there may be some truth to these concerns, it’s also important to detail how technology can enhance our relationships. For those who are interested in less straight ways of knowing, the attempts for digital connection can remind us that relationships are not always defined by being physically close or responsive. 69 For those who find traditional forms of communication challenging, pebbling can be a strong alternative for expressing affection and maintaining closeness without the pressure of sustained conversation. Traditional expressions of affection may not feel genuine, but pebbling can allow for relational development through digital actions. In our fast-paced world, it’s tempting to dismiss these digital connections. Yet, by noticing how people create new forms of relationships, we can enrich our understanding. Screen time should not be seen only as an enemy of connection. 70 If that is the case, then our work is to keep searching and learning from how people adapt as relationships keep evolving. A．Critics argue that screens have replaced face-to-face conversations and that social media often creates shallow connections. B．In fact, pebbling can serve as a gentle bridge for those who are not used to conventional closeness. C．It is easy to overlook pebbling as an especially valuable form of communication for sociable people. D．It’s not surprising that this practice has earned a name: Pebbling. E．Rather, it can be a new path to building and maintaining close relationships. F．When transferred to human relationships, this practice involves tiny, considerate gestures. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Fight Fake Information   In this day and age, you probably get your information from various websites and social media. Because fake news is spreading and becoming influential in this digital age, it’s important that you don’t take everything you read at face value. The volume of information encountered daily makes it necessary to take an analytical approach to what you read to make sure it is reliable.   Several skills including critical thinking, which refers to the practice of examining evidence, logic, and context are essential. This skill helps you identify gaps in information, distinguish between fact and opinion and evaluate whether an argument is supported by solid reasoning. Beyond analysis, critical thinking involves asking meaningful questions  —  such as who created the information, why it was shared, and what might be missing. In an age where misinformation spreads rapidly, this mindset helps you build a mental barrier to resist emotional control and clickbait.   In today’s information rich world, we are constantly exposed to a huge amount of content from various digital sources. Make the most of your digital literacy by using different formats, platforms and media to get and use information. For example, consider how you might combine different types of digital sources to gain a deeper understanding of a topic.   You also need a strategy to determine whether online content can be trusted. Mike Caulfield, a research scientist at the University of Washington’s Center for an Informed Public, created the SIFT method to do that. This approach helps you analyze and decide if online information is reliable. First, stop  —  don’t share right away, and check your emotions about the headline. Then, investigate the source  —  look up the author or site using other reliable sources. Next, find better coverage  —  see if trustworthy sites confirm the information. Finally, trace claims back to their original source to check if they’re fairly presented. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 73．与其不假思索就仓促执行，不如事先仔细做好任务规划。(better) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 74．随着春天的到来，这些饱受困苦的鹿再次向北迁徙，将狼群与森林抛在身后。（head）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 75．这些陆地上的冰连同海冰，将太阳辐射反射出地表，以此保护我们的星球，防止其出现过热的状况。(together with) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120‒150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李昈，最近受到英国笔友Tom的邮件，邮件中提到他意识到自己沉迷于电子游戏，但又不知道该如何改正这一习惯，想听听你的意见。回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你对如何改正爱打游戏这一习惯的建议； 2）你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $