高二英语下学期期末重组卷（沪外版）

2025-2026学年高二下学期期末重组卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．A shop assistant. B．A waiter. C．A receptionist. D．A travel agent. 2．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．40 minutes. 3．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．In a university. B．In a gallery. C．In a bookstore. D．In a library. 4．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Happy. B．Exhausted. C．Disappointed. D．Curious. 5．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Read the speech to her. B．Give a different speech. C．Finish writing the speech. D．Stop worrying about the speech. 6．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Get his car window closed. B．Lend his umbrella to the woman. C．Borrow the woman’s car key. D．Listen to the weather forecast. 7．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．He’s not feeling fine. B．He can’t see very well. C．His eye doesn’t hurt much. D．His eye isn’t healing quickly. 8．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．They need to dress similarly. B．The woman should avoid jeans. C．They had better dress formally. D．The man is looking for a new jacket. 9．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The job is well-paid. B．He has just worked for a day. C．The weather is not a problem. D．He has trouble riding a bicycle. 10．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The woman sold her car because she hates driving. B．The woman thinks it is not convenient to drive a car. C．The woman will be travelling by subway from now on. D．The woman moved because she didn’t want to drive anymore. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．5%. B．80%. C．40%. D．10%. 12．A．Polluting the environment. B．Destroying wildlife habitats. C．Endangering new species. D．Hunting to a great extent. 13．A．To appeal to people to protect wildlife. B．To emphasize the importance of the Earth. C．To describe different ways to stop pollution. D．To analyze the reasons for wildlife’s disappearing. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．Because it is his nickname. B．Because he is often called to put out fires. C．Because he brings more technical technology to each project. D．Because he is the one who gets called to address troubled projects. 15．A．He contributes more value than others. B．He struggled to settle problems but failed. C．He interfered with the distribution service projects. D．He learns from past mistakes and successes consciously. 16．A．To ask for a pay raise. B．To become a fireman. C．To be the team leader. D．To present a better image. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Black or white coffee. B．Their teachers in classes. C．World history classes. D．The beginning of the semester. 18．A．She has to take the course. B．She finds it interesting. C．The professor gives good instructions. D．There are many discussions. 19．A．She holds big lectures. B．She takes her students seriously. C．She loves the subject so much. D．She gives a usual test in class. 20．A．Talk to the man’s teacher. B．Take another history course. C．Meet the man next day. D．Go to the man’s world history class. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about convincing people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion 21 (play) a crucial role. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills 22 they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will help get your coworkers about your ideas, 23 (motivate) them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody to agree with your goal, 24 they should pursue it is what you should help them understand. Using visual aids 25 can back up your ideas can help illustrate your ideas better. Successful persuasion skills 26 (base) on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to maintain those relationships, you 27 be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are 28 (likely) to agree with you when they succeed alongside. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength. We persuade and get 29 (persuade) every day. A vast majority of people favour cooperation and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; 30 likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes. Section B （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．channel    B．featuring    C figure    D hanging    E. initially    F. oral G. ritually    H. scare    I. surge    J. troubled    K. worn Keeping the Five Venoms at Bay In China, people refer to the fifth lunar month as the “month of poison,” since the warmer, wetter climate brings a 31 in creatures thought to be venomous (有毒的). During the Dragon Boat Festival, people traditionally ward off the “five venoms” — snakes, scorpions, centipedes, geckos, and toads — though some are actually harmless. These venomous creatures have long 32 the Chinese, who have imagined them as evil spirits. Then various remedies have been developed. For instance, many people hang the herb on their doors to prevent them from entering. Some even weave the Chinese mugwort (艾草) into a human or tiger 33 for better effect. Additionally, 34 ones, such as adding realgar (雄黄), a type of mineral, to alcohol to create realgar wine, have been used a part of Traditional Chinese Medicine to get rid of poisons. Apart from herbs, people also rely on symbolic items for protection. One example is the use of five-colored threads (五彩绳), 35 to prevent disease. Legend holds that after the poet Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River, people made zongzi and threw them into the water as offerings to him. To 36 off the dragons in the river that night eat the offerings, people used the five-colored threads to wrap up the zongzi. Children also wear clothes or shoes 37 patterns of the “five venoms” to get away from them. In addition, ancient Chinese people believed in the magical power of talismans (符). Red paper bearing the “five venoms” would be pinned to walls and pierced with needles. This was believed to 38 kill the venoms and prevent them from making their presence felt. Today, some of these ancient customs of driving away the “five venoms” remain alive in Chinese culture. Even in cities, you can see people with mugwort 39 in front of their homes. From a modern perspective, these traditions 40 ancient wisdom into modern practices. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context （24-25高二下·上海黄浦·期末）Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then 41 for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was 42 a three-year sentence for armed robbery. These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college. 43 , they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly 44 life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties, rather than 45 . Across the United States, the continuous drive for reputation has generated the 46 in the number of honors colleges. Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council. Among them, it is usually a brilliant idea for an institution to 47 applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college, which promises the intimate feel of a small college within a(n) 48 state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand. However, things are 49 at the Honors Living-Learning Community, which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs. Their high-school grades and SAT scores are lower than the campus average. While academic skill 50 in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice. Every 51 of the honors program comes straight from the book on how to engage undergraduates 52 , and minority students in particular. The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition. Without this 53 , most couldn’t enroll full-time, and evidence shows that part-time students are far less likely to graduate. A 54 number of community college graduates are admitted, which gives 18-year-olds, fresh out of high school, an opportunity to learn from peers with more life 55 . 41．A．graduated B．abandoned C．prohibited D．suspended 42．A．reading B．serving C．passing D．escaping 43．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Instead D．Similarly 44．A．faulty B．smooth C．meaningful D．interesting 45．A．social experience B．family backgrounds C．academic performance D．human relationships 46．A．pursuit B．explosion C．exploit D．progress 47．A．tempt B．enroll C．introduce D．cultivate 48．A．remote B．public C．packed D．outstanding 49．A．difficult B．different C．discouraging D．disturbing 50．A．differs B．ranges C．matters D．varies 51．A．student B．major C．component D．college 52．A．especially B．intensively C．generally D．particularly 53．A．passion B．aim C．aid D．initiative 54．A．stable B．certain C．random D．growing 55．A．expectancy B．tragedy C．experience D．passion Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A （24-25高二下·上海·期末）I was 12 years old when my life changed forever. It was just before the end of the school day, and my teacher told me that my mum had asked me to go home immediately. There was a police car in the driveway, and I heard the sound of my sister crying in the living room. My mum took me upstairs and told me that my dad had died. I remember crying like forever. Then my uncle sat me down and told me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sporty red one, and I thought he must have crashed. So it was shocking to learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discovered that he had been trying to help someone. Our cleaner had been going through a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her post delivered to our house so her partner couldn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly. It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. Even 30 years on, it can be a challenge. It’s like a coping surviving mechanism and I still work through it today — but that’s life living with sorrow. During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. Actually for many years, I used to question why I was still feeling this way, but you come to realize there is no set pattern to sorrow. It’s not a quick-fix process; it’s not even a fixable process. It’s something you have to live with, and you take comfort wherever you can find it. For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. And through your own unique journey, you’ll get to the point of understanding yourself that little bit better. 56．What can we learn about the death of the writer’s father? A．He died a slow and painful death. B．He was killed in a car crash. C．He suffered from a heart attack. D．He was cruelly murdered. 57．The writer initially managed the pain of losing his father by ________. A．remembering every happy moment spent with his father B．blocking memories related to his father C．seeking a fixed pattern to overcome sorrow D．going to the doctor for consultation 58．What will the writer probably say to the woman who lost her beloved husband 4 years ago? A．With time passing by, you are sure to recover from the pain. B．Talking and writing about loss is a quick-fix process for you. C．Whatever feeling you have gone through is natural and normal. D．If you are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a good idea. 59．The article is written to ________. A．share a heartbreaking personal story B．honor the memory of the writer’s father C．highlight the need for personal safety D．guide others how to face loss B （24-25高二下·上海·期末）TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 60．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 61．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 62．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. C （24-25高二下·上海·期末）As artificial-intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human—an AI produced voice that books restaurant reservations by phone, for example, or a chat robot that answers consumers’ questions online—people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing whether they are talking to a machine. But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度) and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a simple game in which paired players make a series of decisions to cooperate with or betray their partner. In the long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating—but there is always the temptation to betray and earn extra points short term, at the partner’s expense. The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法) that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such. The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a computer scientist at New York University in Abu Dhabi and a senior author on the paper, published last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players. (In each mode, the robot played 50 rounds against at least 150 individuals.) In an additional experiment, players were told, “Data suggest that people are better off if they treat the robot as if it were a human.” It had no effect. Virginia Dignum, who leads the Social and Ethical Artificial Intelligence group at Umea University in Sweden and was not involved in the study, praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup. The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by-interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.” 63．The word “trade-off ” is closest in meaning to __________. A．balancing B．combining C．distinction D．agreement 64．According to the passage, what attitude do people generally take towards robots? A．Highly positive.B．Casual. C．Strongly opposed. D．Distrustful. 65．What can be inferred about the research findings from the passage? A．They fail to support the researchers’ assumption. B．They will draw people’s attention to robots’ problems. C．They are different from the previous research findings. D．They can explain why people treat a robot like a human. 66．According to the passage, what is Virginia Dignum most likely to agree with? A．Talal Rahwan’s research findings can’t apply to the real-world situations. B．Blanket permission for interacting with a robot does more harm than good. C．People needn’t be told that they are interacting with a robot on all occasions. D．The relationship between transparency and efficacy has been fully explored. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. （24-25高二下·上海杨浦·期末）Study with Me On social media, people share knowledge through videos — from piano lessons to computer repair. When seeking answers, many turn to YouTube, including those struggling with studying.   That’s where Study with Me (SWM) videos come into play. In Korea, the popular videos are called “gongbang,” which means Study Broadcast. In Japan, they’re called “benkyou douga,” and in America and other countries, they’re called Study with Me. 67 Students create and share videos of themselves studying attentively, usually for an exam. The camera often focuses on a clean desk with a tidy display of books, notebooks, a computer and a timer. Throughout most of the videos, no words are spoken; the focus is on the creator as he or she studies. The point is not to teach anything but simply to provide a study companion.   68 Financial site Business Insider says this type of video “serves a real purpose, helping people focus.”   The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology performed research on Study with Me videos and discovered several benefits. First, people can set up quiet study areas in their homes to view the videos. This cuts down on their commute to libraries or established study rooms. 69 Finally, viewers gain emotional support by knowing that they are part of a group with perhaps thousands of others, all working toward the same goal. Some viewers have said that Study with Me “satisfies the need for belonging and social contact” by providing a sense of companionship. 70 Some SWM livestreams, where viewers can chat with each other in real time, feel like online study groups. This helps create a satisfactory study environment where students can find the inspiration they need to stay on task. A．Next, observing the diligence of the creator often motivates viewers, especially those who have trouble studying. B．No matter what their names are, millions of viewers have joined the SWM craze. C．Moreover, with teachers answering questions and facilitating discussions, the learning atmosphere becomes highly engaging. D．The creator becomes a study mate, which reduces the isolation many students feel. E．Are SWM cideos just “lazy content,” or are they beneficial? F．Yet others point out that such peer-driven pressure can leave viewers feeling tense and uneasy. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．（24-25高二下·上海静安·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Hidden Cost of Digital Distractions The researchers carried out a study in which people were asked to read a short passage, and then answer questions that tested their understanding of what they had read. Those who were affected by digital distractions during the task performed just 80% as well as the participants who were allowed to do the test in peace. In short, you shouldn’t be surprised digital distractions kill your productivity. Originally, smartphones and other portable devices were designed to maximize convenience, allow us to work on the move, and enhance our productivity. Unfortunately, they have turned into a distraction that often interrupts our daily lives. For example, you might be working on an important presentation, only to be distracted by several e-mail notifications. You then have a choice — do you stop and answer these messages, or do you carry on with your presentation and hope that the sender doesn’t expect an immediate response? Either way, the notification has interrupted your flow and thrown you off course. Every time your attention is diverted from your task, you lose time. It takes effort to get back on track, and repeated interruptions can demotivate you. It can feel as though everyone wants a piece of your time, and that you will never get around to finishing anything. If you are a typical worker, you’ll be distracted every 11 minutes, and it will take you 25 minutes to actually settle down again to your task. The more complicated your project, the longer it takes to regain your focus, because your brain has to put in considerable effort when switching between complex objectives. To tackle the hidden cost of digital distractions, one effective solution is to set specific “focus hours” each day by turning off non-essential notifications and using website blockers to limit access to distracting sites. By managing digital interruptions intentionally, individuals can ensure their devices support their goals instead of getting in the way. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）专家们强烈建议，压力大的时候，留点时间锻炼身体。(leave) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 73．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）别低估微小举动的力量，它能帮不幸的人们渡过难关。（help）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 74．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）人类的许多行为看上去无害，但会严重破坏海洋的生态平衡，这不足为奇。(It) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 75．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）随着技术创新和新能源的蓬勃发展，风能和太阳能将日益主导能源供应，实现温室气体零排放的目标指日可待。(reach) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．（24-25高二下·上海徐汇·期末）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学学生会主席李华。学校计划试行“学生自主管理食堂周”，由学生团队设计健康菜谱、管理用餐秩序并收集反馈。请你以学生会名义写一份英文建议信给校长，内容包括： ●描述当前食堂存在的1个突出问题(如菜品单一、排队混乱等)； ●提出具体改进方案及预期效果； ●说明该活动对学生能力培养的意义。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。We have never been here before. Do you have anything special to recommend? Well, man, our seafood pizza is really good. Question, who is most probably the man? Listen to the next . question, when does the next train leave for shanghai? The train leaves every thirty minutes, and the last train left ten minutes ago, so you won't have to wait for long. Question, how long will the men have to wait? Listen to the next question. I have a map of . the campus, but I still can't find the library with the sculptural exhibit in IT. Can you tell me how to . get there? That looks like an old map. Follow me. I'm going that way myself. Question, where does the conversation most probably take place? Listen to the next question. I can't believe that I went through the trouble of arranging everything for the party, and then no one came. How come? Question. how does the woman feel? Listen to the next question. I'm so tired. I spent all last night thinking about the graduation speech I have to give next week. Come on, you will be fine. Just don't stress yourself out . question, what does the woman suggest the man do? Listen to the next . question. I think I forgot my umbrella. Did you notice that IT . was raining outside? Yeah, IT is. And I just realized that I left my car window open. Question, what will the men most probably do next? Listen to the next . question, what on earth did you do to your eye? Oh, nothing. IT looks a lot worse than IT feels. Question, what does the man mean? Listen to the next question. It's all right to wear jeans for a class presentation isn't IT. That's what I am wearing. But if we wear jackets too, maybe we won't look . so casual. Question, what is the man's suggestion? Listen to the next question. I hear that you're working as a pizza deliver on this summer. It's got to be awfully hard riding a bicycle all day to every corner of the town. Well, to tell the truth, but for the pay, I couldn't even work for a day. Question, what does the man imply? Listen to the next . question. You've sold your car. You don't need one. Not really. I've never liked driving anyway. Now that we have moved to a place near the subway, we can get about quite conveniently without a car question. What do we learn from the conversation? Listen to the next question. Huge numbers of unknown planes and animals are in danger. The earth, according to various estimates, supports between five million and eighty million species. Species says doctor love, joy are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world. Thousands of kinds of plants could help feed a growing vote population. About four out of every ten medicines come from ingredients found in, plus some animals also provide medicines. It's natural for species to become extinct over millions of years, says doctor love joy. What's a natural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over. Actually, humans have a great impact on other living things that cheer the earth. And people are doing this in four main ways, making the living places of wildlife less habitable, hunting excessively, introducing new species that endanger native wildlife, and making the environment dirty and the polluted. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected. Is there time to prevent disaster? Just barely. As scientists wouldbe action will be difficult and costly, but scientists agree that action must be taken quickly. Time is . running out. Huge numbers of unknown plants and animals are in danger. The earth, according to various estimates, supports between five million and eighty million species. Species says doctor love joy are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world. Thousands of kinds of plans could help feed a growing vote population. About four out of every ten medicines come from ingredients found in plants. Some animals also provide medicines is natural for species to become extinct over millions of years, says doctor love joy. What's unnatural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over. Actually, humans have a great impact on other living things that share the years. And people are doing this in four main ways, making the living places of wildlife less habitable, hunting excessively, introducing new species that endanger native wildlife, and making the environment dirty and polluted. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected. Is there time to prevent disaster? Just barely say scientists. Worldwide action will be difficult and costly, but scientists agree that action must be taken quickly. Time is running out. Question eleven, what percentage of guns provide medicines for humans? Question twelve, which of the following is not responsible for the disappearing of wildlife? Question thirteen, what is the main purpose of the passage? Listen to the next question. During the seven years that i've been working with the aircraft parts marketing team and familiar with each new project assignment, I think it's fair to say that I contribute a lot more value today than I did about seven years ago. One reason is that with each technical project, I bring more technical know how than I did before. I make a conscious effort to learn from past mistakes and successes and to make sure that each new project benefits from the lessons that i've learned in the previous ones. Another factor is leadership, the ability to lead troubled projects to success. We are a brazilian passenger aircraft project was in trouble last year, I stepped in. When distribution service projects in germany nearly fail through this year, I stepped in. I think you are familiar with my nickname, the fireman, and the gold to guy who gets caught in to put up fires and get troubled projects. Get away again, I could go on, but I think you get the picture. Business today is about creating value at all levels, and i'm all about value. So I think you agree that i'm due for a pay raise. Thank you. During the seven years that i've been working with, the aircraft parts marketing team are familiar with each new project assignment. I think it's fair to say that I contribute a lot more value today than I did about seven years ago. One reason is that with each technical project, I bring more technical know how than I did before. I make a conscious effort to learn from past mistakes and successes and to make sure that each new project benefits from the lessons that I have learned in the previous ones. Another factor is leadership, the ability to lead troubled projects to success. When our brazilian passenger aircraft project was in trouble last year, I stepped in. When distribution service projects in germany nearly fell through this year, I stepped in. I think you're familiar with my nickname, the firemen and the go to guy who gets called in to put out fires and get troubled projects going. Again, I could go on, but I think you get the picture. Business today is about creating value at all levels, and i'm all about value. So I think you agree that I am due for a pay rise. Thank you. Question fourteen, why is the speaker called the fireman? Question fifteen, what can we learn about the speaker? Question sixteen, why does the speaker make the speech? Listen to the next question. Um this coffee is really strong. IT is so strong. I like White coffee. so do I, but I like black coffee today. During my last class, I was thinking about coming here and could almost taste the coffee. Sounds like IT wasn't too interesting. I was born to death. I am in that psychology class only because IT is a requirement, so I have to stick IT out. The problem is the professor doesn't know how to arouse our interest. SHE just walks in, gives the lectures and assignments. There's no discussion. Do you have any classes like that? I have only one big lecture class, world history and the professors the best. It's so appealing that i'm always on the edge of my seat. And when we have discussions, the room was filled with electricity. I'm jealous. IT is so bad, I have already taken vote history. You know, one day, IT occurred to me that I was lucky to be in her class because I found myself thinking a lot about what he said, did you ever have a teacher like that? I'd have to think about IT. You should come with me to class some time just to see what I mean. I guess what I really comes down to is her enthusiasm for the subject. I remember at the beginning of this semester, I was not taking anything in school very seriously. I booed the first history test, but then I started really enjoying school, especially her class. You have got me really curious about this teacher. I think I will visit your class. When does IT meet? Um this coffee is really strong. IT is so strong. I like White coffee. so do I, but I like black coffee today. During my last class, I was thinking about coming here and could almost taste the coffee. Sounds like IT wasn't too interesting. I was born to death. I am in that psychology class only because IT is a requirement, so I have to stick IT out. The problem is the professor doesn't know how to arouse our interest. SHE just walks in, gives a selectors and assignments. There's no discussion. Do you have any classes like that? I have only one big lecture class, world history, and the professor is the best. It's so appealing that i'm always on the edge of my seat. And when we have discussions, the room was filled with electricity. I'm jealous. IT is so bad. I have already taken vote history. You know, one day IT occurred to me that I was lucky to be in her class because I found myself thinking a lot about what he said, did you ever have a teacher like that? I'd have to think about IT. You should come with me to class some time just to see what I mean. I guess what I really comes down to is her enthusiasm for the subject. I remember at the beginning of this semester, I was not taking anything in school very seriously. I boon the first history test, but then I started really enjoying school, especially her class. You have got me really curious about this teacher. I think I will visit your class. When does IT meet? Question seventeen, what are the two speakers mainly talking about? Question eighteen, why does the woman take psychology course? Question nineteen, in what way does the man's world history teacher impressed him most? Question twenty, what does the woman plan to do? 听力部分到此结束。 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末重组卷（沪外版） 英 语·参考答案 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B A C D A C C A C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C C A D D A B A C D 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D B C A C B A D B C 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 C B C D C D B C D B 题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 答案 C B A D A C B E A D 21．plays/is playing 22．because 23．motivating 24．why 25．that/which 26．are based 27．must/should 28．more likely 29．persuaded 30．nobody 31．I 32．J 33．C 34．F 35．K 36．H 37．B 38．G 39．D 40．A 71．For reference: Research shows that digital distractions reduce productivity. Although initially designed for convenience, devices like smartphones now often hinder efficiency by interrupting workflows and disrupting concentration with constant notifications. Resuming tasks, particularly complex ones, takes time and effort. Moreover, frequent interruptions can lower motivation. A practical solution is to consciously limit daily digital interruptions to stay productive. 72．Experts strongly recommend that when under stress, one should leave some time for physical exercise. 73．Never underestimate the power of small actions, which can help those in need get through difficult times. 74．It is not surprising that many human behaviors seem harmless but can severely damage the ecological balance of the ocean. 75．With the booming development of technological innovation and new energy, wind and solar energy will increasingly dominate the energy supply, and the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions will be reached soon. 76．Dear Principal, As the chairman of the Student Union at Mingqi Middle School, I am excited to propose a new initiative: the “Student-Led Cafeteria Management Week.” Currently, one major issue in our cafeteria is the lack of variety in meal options, which often leads to student dissatisfaction and longer queues due to repetitive choices. To address this, we propose involving student teams in designing healthy menus, ensuring a diverse range of dishes that cater to different dietary preferences and nutritional needs. Additionally, students will manage dining order to streamline the queuing process and collect feedback to continuously improve services. This activity not only aims to enhance the dining experience but also fosters essential skills in our peers such as teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving. It’s a win-win for both the school and students’ personal growth. We believe this initiative will significantly improve the cafeteria environment and we eagerly await your approval to proceed. Sincerely, Li Hua 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末重组卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．A shop assistant. B．A waiter. C．A receptionist. D．A travel agent. 2．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．40 minutes. 3．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．In a university. B．In a gallery. C．In a bookstore. D．In a library. 4．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Happy. B．Exhausted. C．Disappointed. D．Curious. 5．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Read the speech to her. B．Give a different speech. C．Finish writing the speech. D．Stop worrying about the speech. 6．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Get his car window closed. B．Lend his umbrella to the woman. C．Borrow the woman’s car key. D．Listen to the weather forecast. 7．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．He’s not feeling fine. B．He can’t see very well. C．His eye doesn’t hurt much. D．His eye isn’t healing quickly. 8．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．They need to dress similarly. B．The woman should avoid jeans. C．They had better dress formally. D．The man is looking for a new jacket. 9．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The job is well-paid. B．He has just worked for a day. C．The weather is not a problem. D．He has trouble riding a bicycle. 10．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The woman sold her car because she hates driving. B．The woman thinks it is not convenient to drive a car. C．The woman will be travelling by subway from now on. D．The woman moved because she didn’t want to drive anymore. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．5%. B．80%. C．40%. D．10%. 12．A．Polluting the environment. B．Destroying wildlife habitats. C．Endangering new species. D．Hunting to a great extent. 13．A．To appeal to people to protect wildlife. B．To emphasize the importance of the Earth. C．To describe different ways to stop pollution. D．To analyze the reasons for wildlife’s disappearing. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．Because it is his nickname. B．Because he is often called to put out fires. C．Because he brings more technical technology to each project. D．Because he is the one who gets called to address troubled projects. 15．A．He contributes more value than others. B．He struggled to settle problems but failed. C．He interfered with the distribution service projects. D．He learns from past mistakes and successes consciously. 16．A．To ask for a pay raise. B．To become a fireman. C．To be the team leader. D．To present a better image. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Black or white coffee. B．Their teachers in classes. C．World history classes. D．The beginning of the semester. 18．A．She has to take the course. B．She finds it interesting. C．The professor gives good instructions. D．There are many discussions. 19．A．She holds big lectures. B．She takes her students seriously. C．She loves the subject so much. D．She gives a usual test in class. 20．A．Talk to the man’s teacher. B．Take another history course. C．Meet the man next day. D．Go to the man’s world history class. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about convincing people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion 21 (play) a crucial role. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills 22 they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will help get your coworkers about your ideas, 23 (motivate) them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody to agree with your goal, 24 they should pursue it is what you should help them understand. Using visual aids 25 can back up your ideas can help illustrate your ideas better. Successful persuasion skills 26 (base) on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to maintain those relationships, you 27 be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are 28 (likely) to agree with you when they succeed alongside. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength. We persuade and get 29 (persuade) every day. A vast majority of people favour cooperation and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; 30 likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes. Section B （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．channel    B．featuring    C figure    D hanging    E. initially    F. oral G. ritually    H. scare    I. surge    J. troubled    K. worn Keeping the Five Venoms at Bay In China, people refer to the fifth lunar month as the “month of poison,” since the warmer, wetter climate brings a 31 in creatures thought to be venomous (有毒的). During the Dragon Boat Festival, people traditionally ward off the “five venoms” — snakes, scorpions, centipedes, geckos, and toads — though some are actually harmless. These venomous creatures have long 32 the Chinese, who have imagined them as evil spirits. Then various remedies have been developed. For instance, many people hang the herb on their doors to prevent them from entering. Some even weave the Chinese mugwort (艾草) into a human or tiger 33 for better effect. Additionally, 34 ones, such as adding realgar (雄黄), a type of mineral, to alcohol to create realgar wine, have been used a part of Traditional Chinese Medicine to get rid of poisons. Apart from herbs, people also rely on symbolic items for protection. One example is the use of five-colored threads (五彩绳), 35 to prevent disease. Legend holds that after the poet Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River, people made zongzi and threw them into the water as offerings to him. To 36 off the dragons in the river that night eat the offerings, people used the five-colored threads to wrap up the zongzi. Children also wear clothes or shoes 37 patterns of the “five venoms” to get away from them. In addition, ancient Chinese people believed in the magical power of talismans (符). Red paper bearing the “five venoms” would be pinned to walls and pierced with needles. This was believed to 38 kill the venoms and prevent them from making their presence felt. Today, some of these ancient customs of driving away the “five venoms” remain alive in Chinese culture. Even in cities, you can see people with mugwort 39 in front of their homes. From a modern perspective, these traditions 40 ancient wisdom into modern practices. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context （24-25高二下·上海黄浦·期末）Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then 41 for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was 42 a three-year sentence for armed robbery. These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college. 43 , they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly 44 life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties, rather than 45 . Across the United States, the continuous drive for reputation has generated the 46 in the number of honors colleges. Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council. Among them, it is usually a brilliant idea for an institution to 47 applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college, which promises the intimate feel of a small college within a(n) 48 state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand. However, things are 49 at the Honors Living-Learning Community, which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs. Their high-school grades and SAT scores are lower than the campus average. While academic skill 50 in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice. Every 51 of the honors program comes straight from the book on how to engage undergraduates 52 , and minority students in particular. The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition. Without this 53 , most couldn’t enroll full-time, and evidence shows that part-time students are far less likely to graduate. A 54 number of community college graduates are admitted, which gives 18-year-olds, fresh out of high school, an opportunity to learn from peers with more life 55 . 41．A．graduated B．abandoned C．prohibited D．suspended 42．A．reading B．serving C．passing D．escaping 43．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Instead D．Similarly 44．A．faulty B．smooth C．meaningful D．interesting 45．A．social experience B．family backgrounds C．academic performance D．human relationships 46．A．pursuit B．explosion C．exploit D．progress 47．A．tempt B．enroll C．introduce D．cultivate 48．A．remote B．public C．packed D．outstanding 49．A．difficult B．different C．discouraging D．disturbing 50．A．differs B．ranges C．matters D．varies 51．A．student B．major C．component D．college 52．A．especially B．intensively C．generally D．particularly 53．A．passion B．aim C．aid D．initiative 54．A．stable B．certain C．random D．growing 55．A．expectancy B．tragedy C．experience D．passion Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A （24-25高二下·上海·期末）I was 12 years old when my life changed forever. It was just before the end of the school day, and my teacher told me that my mum had asked me to go home immediately. There was a police car in the driveway, and I heard the sound of my sister crying in the living room. My mum took me upstairs and told me that my dad had died. I remember crying like forever. Then my uncle sat me down and told me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sporty red one, and I thought he must have crashed. So it was shocking to learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discovered that he had been trying to help someone. Our cleaner had been going through a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her post delivered to our house so her partner couldn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly. It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. Even 30 years on, it can be a challenge. It’s like a coping surviving mechanism and I still work through it today — but that’s life living with sorrow. During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. Actually for many years, I used to question why I was still feeling this way, but you come to realize there is no set pattern to sorrow. It’s not a quick-fix process; it’s not even a fixable process. It’s something you have to live with, and you take comfort wherever you can find it. For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. And through your own unique journey, you’ll get to the point of understanding yourself that little bit better. 56．What can we learn about the death of the writer’s father? A．He died a slow and painful death. B．He was killed in a car crash. C．He suffered from a heart attack. D．He was cruelly murdered. 57．The writer initially managed the pain of losing his father by ________. A．remembering every happy moment spent with his father B．blocking memories related to his father C．seeking a fixed pattern to overcome sorrow D．going to the doctor for consultation 58．What will the writer probably say to the woman who lost her beloved husband 4 years ago? A．With time passing by, you are sure to recover from the pain. B．Talking and writing about loss is a quick-fix process for you. C．Whatever feeling you have gone through is natural and normal. D．If you are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a good idea. 59．The article is written to ________. A．share a heartbreaking personal story B．honor the memory of the writer’s father C．highlight the need for personal safety D．guide others how to face loss B （24-25高二下·上海·期末）TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 60．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 61．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 62．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. C （24-25高二下·上海·期末）As artificial-intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human—an AI produced voice that books restaurant reservations by phone, for example, or a chat robot that answers consumers’ questions online—people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing whether they are talking to a machine. But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度) and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a simple game in which paired players make a series of decisions to cooperate with or betray their partner. In the long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating—but there is always the temptation to betray and earn extra points short term, at the partner’s expense. The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法) that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such. The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a computer scientist at New York University in Abu Dhabi and a senior author on the paper, published last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players. (In each mode, the robot played 50 rounds against at least 150 individuals.) In an additional experiment, players were told, “Data suggest that people are better off if they treat the robot as if it were a human.” It had no effect. Virginia Dignum, who leads the Social and Ethical Artificial Intelligence group at Umea University in Sweden and was not involved in the study, praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup. The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by-interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.” 63．The word “trade-off ” is closest in meaning to __________. A．balancing B．combining C．distinction D．agreement 64．According to the passage, what attitude do people generally take towards robots? A．Highly positive.B．Casual. C．Strongly opposed. D．Distrustful. 65．What can be inferred about the research findings from the passage? A．They fail to support the researchers’ assumption. B．They will draw people’s attention to robots’ problems. C．They are different from the previous research findings. D．They can explain why people treat a robot like a human. 66．According to the passage, what is Virginia Dignum most likely to agree with? A．Talal Rahwan’s research findings can’t apply to the real-world situations. B．Blanket permission for interacting with a robot does more harm than good. C．People needn’t be told that they are interacting with a robot on all occasions. D．The relationship between transparency and efficacy has been fully explored. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. （24-25高二下·上海杨浦·期末）Study with Me On social media, people share knowledge through videos — from piano lessons to computer repair. When seeking answers, many turn to YouTube, including those struggling with studying.   That’s where Study with Me (SWM) videos come into play. In Korea, the popular videos are called “gongbang,” which means Study Broadcast. In Japan, they’re called “benkyou douga,” and in America and other countries, they’re called Study with Me. 67 Students create and share videos of themselves studying attentively, usually for an exam. The camera often focuses on a clean desk with a tidy display of books, notebooks, a computer and a timer. Throughout most of the videos, no words are spoken; the focus is on the creator as he or she studies. The point is not to teach anything but simply to provide a study companion.   68 Financial site Business Insider says this type of video “serves a real purpose, helping people focus.”   The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology performed research on Study with Me videos and discovered several benefits. First, people can set up quiet study areas in their homes to view the videos. This cuts down on their commute to libraries or established study rooms. 69 Finally, viewers gain emotional support by knowing that they are part of a group with perhaps thousands of others, all working toward the same goal. Some viewers have said that Study with Me “satisfies the need for belonging and social contact” by providing a sense of companionship. 70 Some SWM livestreams, where viewers can chat with each other in real time, feel like online study groups. This helps create a satisfactory study environment where students can find the inspiration they need to stay on task. A．Next, observing the diligence of the creator often motivates viewers, especially those who have trouble studying. B．No matter what their names are, millions of viewers have joined the SWM craze. C．Moreover, with teachers answering questions and facilitating discussions, the learning atmosphere becomes highly engaging. D．The creator becomes a study mate, which reduces the isolation many students feel. E．Are SWM cideos just “lazy content,” or are they beneficial? F．Yet others point out that such peer-driven pressure can leave viewers feeling tense and uneasy. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．（24-25高二下·上海静安·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Hidden Cost of Digital Distractions The researchers carried out a study in which people were asked to read a short passage, and then answer questions that tested their understanding of what they had read. Those who were affected by digital distractions during the task performed just 80% as well as the participants who were allowed to do the test in peace. In short, you shouldn’t be surprised digital distractions kill your productivity. Originally, smartphones and other portable devices were designed to maximize convenience, allow us to work on the move, and enhance our productivity. Unfortunately, they have turned into a distraction that often interrupts our daily lives. For example, you might be working on an important presentation, only to be distracted by several e-mail notifications. You then have a choice — do you stop and answer these messages, or do you carry on with your presentation and hope that the sender doesn’t expect an immediate response? Either way, the notification has interrupted your flow and thrown you off course. Every time your attention is diverted from your task, you lose time. It takes effort to get back on track, and repeated interruptions can demotivate you. It can feel as though everyone wants a piece of your time, and that you will never get around to finishing anything. If you are a typical worker, you’ll be distracted every 11 minutes, and it will take you 25 minutes to actually settle down again to your task. The more complicated your project, the longer it takes to regain your focus, because your brain has to put in considerable effort when switching between complex objectives. To tackle the hidden cost of digital distractions, one effective solution is to set specific “focus hours” each day by turning off non-essential notifications and using website blockers to limit access to distracting sites. By managing digital interruptions intentionally, individuals can ensure their devices support their goals instead of getting in the way. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）专家们强烈建议，压力大的时候，留点时间锻炼身体。(leave) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 73．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）别低估微小举动的力量，它能帮不幸的人们渡过难关。（help）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 74．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）人类的许多行为看上去无害，但会严重破坏海洋的生态平衡，这不足为奇。(It) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 75．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）随着技术创新和新能源的蓬勃发展，风能和太阳能将日益主导能源供应，实现温室气体零排放的目标指日可待。(reach) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．（24-25高二下·上海徐汇·期末）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学学生会主席李华。学校计划试行“学生自主管理食堂周”，由学生团队设计健康菜谱、管理用餐秩序并收集反馈。请你以学生会名义写一份英文建议信给校长，内容包括： ●描述当前食堂存在的1个突出问题(如菜品单一、排队混乱等)； ●提出具体改进方案及预期效果； ●说明该活动对学生能力培养的意义。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共6页） 试题 第4页（共6页） 试题 第1页（共6页） 试题 第2页（共6页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末重组卷（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：选修三+选修四（沪外版）。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．A shop assistant. B．A waiter. C．A receptionist. D．A travel agent. 【答案】B 【原文】W: We have never been here before. Do you have anything special to recommend? M: Well, madam, our seafood pizza is really good. Q: Who is most probably the man? 2．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．40 minutes. 【答案】B 【原文】M: When does the next train leave for Shanghai? W: The train leaves every thirty minutes and the last train left ten minutes ago so you won’t have to wait for long. Q: How long will the man have to wait? 3．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．In a university. B．In a gallery. C．In a bookstore. D．In a library. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I have a map of the campus, but I still can’t find the library with a sculpture exhibit in it. Can you tell me how to get there? W: That looks like an old map. Follow me. I’m going that way myself. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 4．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Happy. B．Exhausted. C．Disappointed. D．Curious. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I can’t believe that I went through the trouble of arranging everything for the party and then no one came. M: How come? Q: How does the woman feel? 5．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Read the speech to her. B．Give a different speech. C．Finish writing the speech. D．Stop worrying about the speech. 【答案】D 【原文】M: I’m so tired. I spent all last night thinking about the graduation speech I have to give next week. W: Come on, you will be fine. Just don’t stress yourself out. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 6．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．Get his car window closed. B．Lend his umbrella to the woman. C．Borrow the woman’s car key. D．Listen to the weather forecast. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I think I forgot my umbrella. Did you notice that it was raining outside? M: Yeah, it is. And I just realize that I left my car window open. Q: What will the man most probably do next? 7．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．He’s not feeling fine. B．He can’t see very well. C．His eye doesn’t hurt much. D．His eye isn’t healing quickly. 【答案】C 【原文】W: What on earth did you do to your eye? M: Oh, nothing. It looks a lot worse than it feels. Q: What does the man mean? 8．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．They need to dress similarly. B．The woman should avoid jeans. C．They had better dress formally. D．The man is looking for a new jacket. 【答案】C 【原文】W: It’s all right to wear jeans for a class presentation, isn’t it? M: That’s what I’m wearing. But if we wear jackets too, maybe we won’t look so casual. Q: What is the man’s suggestion? 9．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The job is well-paid. B．He has just worked for a day. C．The weather is not a problem. D．He has trouble riding a bicycle. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I hear that you are working as a pizza deliverer this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot riding a bicycle all day to every corner of the town. M: Well, to tell the truth, but for the pay, I couldn’t even work for a day. Q: What does the man imply? 10．（24-25高二下·上海金山·期中） A．The woman sold her car because she hates driving. B．The woman thinks it is not convenient to drive a car. C．The woman will be travelling by subway from now on. D．The woman moved because she didn’t want to drive anymore. 【答案】C 【原文】M: You’ve sold your car. You don’t need one? W: Not really. I’ve never liked driving anyway. Now that we have moved to a place near the subway, we can get about quite conveniently without a car. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．A．5%. B．80%. C．40%. D．10%. 12．A．Polluting the environment. B．Destroying wildlife habitats. C．Endangering new species. D．Hunting to a great extent. 13．A．To appeal to people to protect wildlife. B．To emphasize the importance of the Earth. C．To describe different ways to stop pollution. D．To analyze the reasons for wildlife’s disappearing. 【答案】11．C 12．C 13．A 【原文】 Huge numbers of unknown plants and animals are in danger. The Earth, according to various estimates, supports between 5 million and 80 million species. “Species,” says Dr Lovejoy, “are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world.” Thousands of kinds of plants could help feed a growing world population. About four out of every ten medicines come from ingredients found in plants. Some animals also provide medicines. “It’s natural for species to become extinct over millions of years,” says Dr Lovejoy. What’s unnatural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over.” Actually, humans have a great impact on other living things that share the Earth. And people are doing this in four main ways: making the living places of wildlife less habitable, hunting excessively, introducing new species that endanger native wildlife, and making the environment dirty and polluted. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected. Is there time to prevent disaster? “Just barely,” say scientists. Worldwide action will be difficult and costly. But scientists agree that action must be taken quickly. Time is running out.Questions: 11. What percentage of plants provide medicines for humans? 12. Which of the following is not responsible for the disappearing of wildlife? 13. What is the main purpose of the passage? （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．A．Because it is his nickname. B．Because he is often called to put out fires. C．Because he brings more technical technology to each project. D．Because he is the one who gets called to address troubled projects. 15．A．He contributes more value than others. B．He struggled to settle problems but failed. C．He interfered with the distribution service projects. D．He learns from past mistakes and successes consciously. 16．A．To ask for a pay raise. B．To become a fireman. C．To be the team leader. D．To present a better image. 【答案】14．D 15．D 16．A 【原文】 During the seven years that I’ve been working with the aircraft parts marketing team, I’m familiar with each new project assignment. I think it’s fair to say that I contribute a lot more value today than I did about seven years ago. One reason is that, with each technical project, I bring more technical know-how than I did before. I make a conscious effort to learn from past mistakes and successes and to make sure that each new project benefits from the lessons that I have learned in the previous ones. Another factor is leadership — the ability to lead troubled projects to success. When our Brazilian passenger aircraft project was in trouble last year, I stepped in. When distribution service projects in Germany nearly fell through this year, I stepped in. I think you’re familiar with my nickname, “the fireman.” I’m the “go-to” guy who gets called in to put out fires and get troubled projects going again. I could go on, but I think you get the picture. Business today is about creating value at all levels. And I’m all about value. So, I think you’ll agree that I’m due for a pay raise. Thank you.Questions: 14. Why is the speaker called “the fireman”? 15. What can we learn about the speaker? 16. Why does the speaker make the speech? （24-25高二下·上海金山·期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Black or white coffee. B．Their teachers in classes. C．World history classes. D．The beginning of the semester. 18．A．She has to take the course. B．She finds it interesting. C．The professor gives good instructions. D．There are many discussions. 19．A．She holds big lectures. B．She takes her students seriously. C．She loves the subject so much. D．She gives a usual test in class. 20．A．Talk to the man’s teacher. B．Take another history course. C．Meet the man next day. D．Go to the man’s world history class. 【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D 【原文】W: Mm, this coffee is really strong. M: It is so strong. I like white coffee. W: So do I. But I like black coffee today. During my last class I was thinking about coming here and could almost taste the coffee. M: Sounds like it wasn’t too interesting. W: I was bored to death. I’m in that psychology class only because it is a requirement so I have to stick it out. The problem is, the professor doesn’t know how to arouse our interest. She just walks in, gives us lectures and assignments. There is no discussion. Do you have any classes like that? M: I have only one big lecture class—world history—and the professor’s the best. It’s so appealing that I’m always on the edge of my seat. And when we have discussions, the room is filled with electricity. W: I’m jealous. It is so bad. I have already taken world history. M: You know, one day it occurred to me that I was lucky to be in her class because I found myself thinking a lot about what she said. Did you ever have a teacher like that? W: I’d have to think about it. M: You should come with me to class sometime, just to see what I mean. I guess what it really comes down to is her enthusiasm for the subject. I remember at the beginning of this semester; I was not taking anything in school very seriously. I boomed the first history test, but then I started really enjoying school, especially her class. W: You have got me really curious about this teacher. I think I will visit your class. When does it meet? Questions: 17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? 18. Why does the woman take psychology course? 19. In what way does the man’s world history teacher impress him most? 20. What does the woman plan to do? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Art of Persuasion Persuasion is the art of influencing others’ thoughts, feelings and actions. It’s about convincing people to see things from your perspective, adopt your ideas or take specific actions. When you’re negotiating a business deal or simply trying to get your point across, persuasion 21 (play) a crucial role. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills 22 they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will help get your coworkers about your ideas, 23 (motivate) them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody to agree with your goal, 24 they should pursue it is what you should help them understand. Using visual aids 25 can back up your ideas can help illustrate your ideas better. Successful persuasion skills 26 (base) on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to maintain those relationships, you 27 be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are 28 (likely) to agree with you when they succeed alongside. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength. We persuade and get 29 (persuade) every day. A vast majority of people favour cooperation and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; 30 likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes. 【答案】 21．plays/is playing 22．because 23．motivating 24．why 25．that/which 26．are based 27．must/should 28．more likely 29．persuaded 30．nobody 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了说服的艺术，包括其重要性、在职场中的应用以及掌握这门艺术的方法等。 【详解】21．考查动词时态。句意：当你在谈判商业交易或只是试图让别人理解你的观点时，说服起着至关重要的作用。此处描述客观事实，可用一般现在时且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为plays；此处也可以强调现阶段的情况，使用现在进行时is playing。故填plays/is playing。 22．考查连词。句意：雇主非常重视具有说服技能的员工，因为他们可以影响工作表现的多个方面。根据句意，上下文之间为因果关系，所以此处用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：有效运用说服技能将帮助同事接受你的想法，激励他们实现共同目标。此处为非谓语动词作状语，motivate与逻辑主语Effective use of persuasion skills为主动关系，用现在分词motivating。故填motivating。 24．考查主语从句。句意：在你让别人认同你的目标之前，你应该帮助他们理解为什么他们应该追求这个目标。此处为主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表示原因，所以此处使用连接副词why。故填why。 25．考查定语从句。句意：使用可以支持你想法的视觉辅助工具可以帮助更好地阐述你的观点。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为visual aids，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/ which。 26．考查动词语态。句意：成功的说服技能基于你与他人进行积极互动并维持有意义关系的能力。此处为谓语动词，根据be based on意为“基于”可知，skills与base为被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为are based，。故填are based。 27．考查情态动词。句意：为了维持这些关系，你必须/应该也能够为他们的最大利益工作。空后为动词原形，且此处无提示词，由此可知，此处为情态动词，结合句意，表示“必须”或“应该”，用情态动词must或should。故填must/should。 28．考查形容词比较级。句意：当同事与你一起成功时，他们更可能同意你的观点。根据when they succeed alongside可知，此处暗含比较的意义，所以此处用形容词比较级more likely，意为“更可能的”。故填more likely。 29．考查动词语态。句意：我们每天都在说服和被说服。空前为get，且此处persuade与主语we之间为被动关系，所以此处为“get done”结构，所以此处使用过去分词persuaded。故填persuaded。 30．考查代词。句意：绝大多数人喜欢合作和团队合作，而不是传统的组织结构；没有人喜欢被命令做什么或被摆布。此处为句子主语，结合句意，此处表否定意义，所以使用不定代词nobody，意为“没有人”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填nobody。 Section B （24-25高二下·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．channel    B．featuring    C figure    D hanging    E. initially    F. oral G. ritually    H. scare    I. surge    J. troubled    K. worn Keeping the Five Venoms at Bay In China, people refer to the fifth lunar month as the “month of poison,” since the warmer, wetter climate brings a 31 in creatures thought to be venomous (有毒的). During the Dragon Boat Festival, people traditionally ward off the “five venoms” — snakes, scorpions, centipedes, geckos, and toads — though some are actually harmless. These venomous creatures have long 32 the Chinese, who have imagined them as evil spirits. Then various remedies have been developed. For instance, many people hang the herb on their doors to prevent them from entering. Some even weave the Chinese mugwort (艾草) into a human or tiger 33 for better effect. Additionally, 34 ones, such as adding realgar (雄黄), a type of mineral, to alcohol to create realgar wine, have been used a part of Traditional Chinese Medicine to get rid of poisons. Apart from herbs, people also rely on symbolic items for protection. One example is the use of five-colored threads (五彩绳), 35 to prevent disease. Legend holds that after the poet Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Miluo River, people made zongzi and threw them into the water as offerings to him. To 36 off the dragons in the river that night eat the offerings, people used the five-colored threads to wrap up the zongzi. Children also wear clothes or shoes 37 patterns of the “five venoms” to get away from them. In addition, ancient Chinese people believed in the magical power of talismans (符). Red paper bearing the “five venoms” would be pinned to walls and pierced with needles. This was believed to 38 kill the venoms and prevent them from making their presence felt. Today, some of these ancient customs of driving away the “five venoms” remain alive in Chinese culture. Even in cities, you can see people with mugwort 39 in front of their homes. From a modern perspective, these traditions 40 ancient wisdom into modern practices. 【答案】 31．I 32．J 33．C 34．F 35．K 36．H 37．B 38．G 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统习俗中端午节驱“五毒”的由来及相关做法，包括使用草药、象征物品和符咒等，展现了古代智慧在现代的延续。 【详解】31．考查名词。句意：在中国，人们把农历五月称为“毒月”，因为温暖潮湿的气候会导致被认为有毒的生物激增。分析句子可知，空格处需填入名词作宾语，根据上文的“the warmer, wetter climate”可知，温暖潮湿的气候会导致有毒生物“激增”，surge意为“激增；猛增”，指生物数量因气候原因增多，符合“毒月”的语境。故选I项。 32．考查动词。句意：这些有毒生物长期以来困扰着中国人，他们将其想象成恶灵。分析句子结构，空格处需填入动词作谓语，根据下文的“who have imagined them as evil spirits.”可知，恶灵应该给人带来困扰，troubled意为“困扰；使忧虑”，与“imagined as evil spirits”呼应，体现古人对五毒的恐惧。故选J项。 33．考查名词。句意：有些人甚至把艾草编织成人体或老虎的形状，以达到更好的效果。分析句子可知，空格处需填入名词作宾语，根据常识和上文的“Some even weave the Chinese mugwort (艾草) into a human or tiger”可知，此处指的是编织成人形，figure意为“形状；形象”，human or tiger figure表示“人形或虎形”，符合编织艾草的做法。故选C项。 34．考查形容词。句意：此外，口服疗法，如将雄黄（一种矿物）加入酒中制成雄黄酒，已被用作中药的一部分来排毒。分析句子可知，空格处需填入形容词修饰ones，根据下文的“adding realgar (雄黄), a type of mineral, to alcohol to create realgar wine”可知，此处指的是口服的药物，oral意为“口服的”，oral ones指代“口服的药物”，与“加入酒中”的做法对应。故选F项。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个例子是使用五彩绳，传统上用于预防疾病。分析句子结构，空格处需填入非谓语动词作定语，根据上文的“One example is the use of five-colored threads (五彩绳)”可知，此处指的是“穿戴”相关的话题，逻辑主语是“five-colored threads”，worn意为“穿戴的”，此处指五彩绳“被佩戴”以辟邪，过去分词表被动。故选K项。 36．考查动词。句意：为了吓跑当晚河里想吃祭品的龙，人们用五彩绳包裹粽子。分析句子可知，空格处需填入动词，根据上文的“people made zongzi and threw them into the water as offerings to him.”可知，人们往水里扔粽子是为了吓跑龙，scare off为固定搭配，意为“避开；吓跑”，“throw zongzi into water”的行为呼应，体现驱邪目的。故选H项。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们还会穿带有“五毒”图案的衣服或鞋子来躲避它们。分析句子结构，空格处需填入非谓语动词作定语，根据下文的“patterns of the “five venoms” to get away from them.”可知，此处表示穿戴的服装的特征，其逻辑主语是“clothes or shoes”，featuring意为“以……为特色；带有”，现在分词表主动，指衣物上“有五毒图案”。故选B项。 38．考查副词。句意：这被认为能仪式性地杀死毒物，防止它们出现。分析句子可知，空格处需填入副词修饰动词kill，根据上文“Red paper bearing the “five venoms” would be pinned to walls and pierced with needles.”可知，这是人们为辟邪所举行的仪式，ritually意为“仪式上地”，与“pin red paper and pierce with needles”的仪式行为对应，体现传统做法的象征性。故选G项。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：即使在城市里，你也能看到人们把艾草挂在家门口。分析句子结构，空格处需填入非谓语动词作宾补，根据下文的“in front of their homes.”可知，艾草应是挂在门前，其逻辑主语是“mugwort”，hanging意为“悬挂”，现在分词表状态，指艾草“被挂在门前”的状态。故选D项。 40．考查动词。句意：从现代的角度来看，这些传统将古代智慧转化为现代实践。分析句子可知，空格处需填入动词作谓语，根据下文的“into modern practices.”可知，此处指的是将古代智慧转化为现代实践，channel...into...为固定搭配，意为“将……导入/转化为”，符合“传统智慧延续到现代”的语境。故选A项。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context （24-25高二下·上海黄浦·期末）Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then 41 for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was 42 a three-year sentence for armed robbery. These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college. 43 , they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly 44 life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties, rather than 45 . Across the United States, the continuous drive for reputation has generated the 46 in the number of honors colleges. Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council. Among them, it is usually a brilliant idea for an institution to 47 applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college, which promises the intimate feel of a small college within a(n) 48 state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand. However, things are 49 at the Honors Living-Learning Community, which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs. Their high-school grades and SAT scores are lower than the campus average. While academic skill 50 in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice. Every 51 of the honors program comes straight from the book on how to engage undergraduates 52 , and minority students in particular. The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition. Without this 53 , most couldn’t enroll full-time, and evidence shows that part-time students are far less likely to graduate. A 54 number of community college graduates are admitted, which gives 18-year-olds, fresh out of high school, an opportunity to learn from peers with more life 55 . 41．A．graduated B．abandoned C．prohibited D．suspended 42．A．reading B．serving C．passing D．escaping 43．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Instead D．Similarly 44．A．faulty B．smooth C．meaningful D．interesting 45．A．social experience B．family backgrounds C．academic performance D．human relationships 46．A．pursuit B．explosion C．exploit D．progress 47．A．tempt B．enroll C．introduce D．cultivate 48．A．remote B．public C．packed D．outstanding 49．A．difficult B．different C．discouraging D．disturbing 50．A．differs B．ranges C．matters D．varies 51．A．student B．major C．component D．college 52．A．especially B．intensively C．generally D．particularly 53．A．passion B．aim C．aid D．initiative 54．A．stable B．certain C．random D．growing 55．A．expectancy B．tragedy C．experience D．passion 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了罗格斯大学荣誉学院的创新招生模式。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mohammad被预备学校开除，然后因为向同学卖巧克力而被高中停课100天。A. graduated毕业；B. abandoned抛弃；C. prohibited禁止；D. suspended暂停，中止（课程、活动等）。根据下文“for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates”可知，Mohammad因犯错被学校“停学”。故选D。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emanuel因持械抢劫被判三年徒刑。A. reading阅读；B. serving服刑；C. passing通过；D. escaping逃跑。根据下文“a three-year sentence for armed robbery”可知，Emanuel因持械抢劫被判三年徒刑，因此他正在“服刑”。故选B。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们被罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校的荣誉生活学习社区录取，在那里，他们和其他有着类似坎坷人生故事的人正在通过强调克服生活困难的勇气，而不是学术表现，来突破荣誉学院的界限。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Instead相反；D. Similarly相似地。根据上文“These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college.”和下文“they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly ____ life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties”可知，这些人并不是传统大学荣誉学院录取的学生类型，而“相反”，他们被罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校的荣誉生活学习社区录取。故选C。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. faulty有错误的，有问题的；B. smooth顺利的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then ____ for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was ____ a three-year sentence for armed robbery.”可知，上文提到的辍学、犯罪等经历可知，他们的人生故事是“坎坷的、有波折的”，faulty 可引申为“不顺利的”，符合语境。故选A。 45．考查名词短语辨析。句意同上。A. social experience社会经验；B. family backgrounds家庭背景；C. academic performance学术表现；D. human relationships人际关系。根据上文“These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college.”和下文“While academic skill ____ in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice.”可知，传统荣誉学院更看重“学业表现”，而罗格斯大学的荣誉生活学习社区在招生时更强调学生的毅力、学习动力和对社会正义的热情，而不是“学术表现”。故选C。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国各地，对声誉的不断追求导致了荣誉学院数量的激增。A. pursuit追求；B. explosion爆炸，激增；C. exploit利用；D. progress进步。根据下文“Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council.”可知，荣誉学院的数量在“激增”。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一所学校来说，吸引那些在高中成绩优异、SAT分数高到足以保证进入知名私立大学的申请者通常是一个好主意。A. tempt吸引；B. enroll注册；C. introduce介绍；D. cultivate培养。根据下文“applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college”可知，荣誉学院是吸引这些优秀申请者的“诱饵”。故选A。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诱饵是荣誉学院，它承诺在一所杰出的州立学校内营造出小型学院的亲密氛围。A. remote遥远的；B. public公立的；C. packed挤满的；D. outstanding杰出的。根据上文“state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand.”可知，这些学校是“杰出的”大学。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，荣誉生活学习社区的情况却有所不同，这里主要招收黑人和拉丁裔学生——几乎是罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校其他项目黑人和拉丁裔本科生总数的两倍。A. difficult困难的；B. different不同的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据下文“which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs”可知，荣誉生活学习社区的情况与其他荣誉学院“不同”。故选B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然学术技能在决定谁被选中时很重要，但重点在于这些学生的毅力、学习动力和对社会正义的热情。A. differs不同；B. ranges变动，（在一定范围内）变化；C. matters重要；D. varies变化。根据下文“the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance”可知，虽然学术技能在决定谁被选中时“重要”，但重点还是在于学生的毅力等品质。故选C。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：荣誉项目的每个组成部分都直接源自于关于如何强烈吸引本科生——尤其是少数族裔学生——的书籍。A. student学生；B. major专业；C. component组成部分；D. college学院。根据下文“of the honors program”可知，此处指的是荣誉项目的每一部分。故选C。 52．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. especially尤其；B. intensively深入地，强烈地；C. generally一般地；D. particularly特别地。根据上文“the book on how to engage undergraduates”可知，此处表示这些书籍强烈吸引本科生。故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种援助，大多数人无法全日制入学，证据表明，非全日制学生毕业的可能性要小得多。A. passion激情；B. aim目标；C. aid援助；D. initiative倡议。根据上文“The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition.”可知，学生获得的奖学金是一种“援助”。故选C。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的社区大学毕业生被录取，这给了刚从高中毕业的18岁学生一个向更有生活经验的同龄人学习的机会。A. stable稳定的；B. certain确定的；C. random随机的；D. growing增长的。根据下文“number of community college graduates are admitted”可知，越来越多的社区大学毕业生被录取，因此此处表示“增长的”数量。故选D。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expectancy期望；B. tragedy悲剧；C. experience经验；D. passion激情。根据上文“community college graduates”可知，社区大学毕业生有更多的生活“经验”。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A （24-25高二下·上海·期末）I was 12 years old when my life changed forever. It was just before the end of the school day, and my teacher told me that my mum had asked me to go home immediately. There was a police car in the driveway, and I heard the sound of my sister crying in the living room. My mum took me upstairs and told me that my dad had died. I remember crying like forever. Then my uncle sat me down and told me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sporty red one, and I thought he must have crashed. So it was shocking to learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discovered that he had been trying to help someone. Our cleaner had been going through a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her post delivered to our house so her partner couldn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly. It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. Even 30 years on, it can be a challenge. It’s like a coping surviving mechanism and I still work through it today — but that’s life living with sorrow. During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. Actually for many years, I used to question why I was still feeling this way, but you come to realize there is no set pattern to sorrow. It’s not a quick-fix process; it’s not even a fixable process. It’s something you have to live with, and you take comfort wherever you can find it. For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. And through your own unique journey, you’ll get to the point of understanding yourself that little bit better. 56．What can we learn about the death of the writer’s father? A．He died a slow and painful death. B．He was killed in a car crash. C．He suffered from a heart attack. D．He was cruelly murdered. 57．The writer initially managed the pain of losing his father by ________. A．remembering every happy moment spent with his father B．blocking memories related to his father C．seeking a fixed pattern to overcome sorrow D．going to the doctor for consultation 58．What will the writer probably say to the woman who lost her beloved husband 4 years ago? A．With time passing by, you are sure to recover from the pain. B．Talking and writing about loss is a quick-fix process for you. C．Whatever feeling you have gone through is natural and normal. D．If you are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a good idea. 59．The article is written to ________. A．share a heartbreaking personal story B．honor the memory of the writer’s father C．highlight the need for personal safety D．guide others how to face loss 【答案】56．D 57．B 58．C 59．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者12岁的时候，父亲被谋杀了。从此，他一直带着悲伤生活。他发现悲伤并没有固定的模式，这不是一个快速解决的过程；这甚至不是一个可以修复的过程。他想告诉那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，要放松自己。他并不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活。通过你自己独特的旅程，你会更好地理解自己。 【详解】56．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dad had taken her mail round to her, but her partner saw him, stole a knife, went to the house and stabbed my dad through the heart, which killed him instantly. (爸爸把她的信给了她，但她的伴侣看到了他，偷了一把刀，跑到家里刺穿了爸爸的心脏，他当场就死了)”可知，作者的父亲被残忍地杀害了。故选D。 57．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It took me a very long time to be able to get to a place where I could remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if your brain won’t let you remember, because it’s too painful. (我花了很长时间才能够回忆起和爸爸在一起的快乐时光。就好像你的大脑不让你记起来，因为太痛苦了)”可推知，作者最初通过屏蔽与父亲有关的记忆来控制失去父亲的痛苦。故选B。 58．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“During the past few years I’ve found that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknowledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are completely normal. (在过去的几年里，我发现交谈和写作对我有很大的帮助。它帮助我承认发生了什么，让我看到这些感觉是完全正常的)”及最后一段中的“For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者可能会对四年前失去挚爱丈夫的女人说：无论你经历了什么感觉都是自然和正常的。故选C。 59．推理判断题。根据作者对自己亲身经历的陈述及最后一段中的“For someone who has just gone through an unbearable loss, please take it easy on yourself. I’m not sure whether time is a healer, but it will show you how to live with these feelings you’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了指导别人如何面对失去亲人的痛苦。故选D。 B （24-25高二下·上海·期末）TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 60．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 61．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 62．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. 【答案】60．B 61．C 62．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了咖啡机可能出现的故障、故障原因及解决办法。 【详解】60．细节理解题.根据表格中 “The appliance does not come on.(设备不启动)”对应的“POSSIBLE CAUSE(可能原因)”为“It is not plugged into the mains socket.(未插入电源插座)”以及“The main switch（A2） is not turned on.(主开关（A2）未打开)” 可知，如果设备不工作，原因可能是未插入插座。故选B。 61．细节理解题。根据表格中“Coffee does not come out of the spouts.(咖啡不从喷口流出)”对应的 “SOLUTION(解决办法)” 为 “Clean the spouts with a toothpick.(用牙签清洁喷口)”，所以如果咖啡不从喷口流出，可以用牙签检查清洁喷口。故选C。 62．推理判断题。文章围绕咖啡机可能出现的故障、原因及解决办法展开，所以最有可能出自卡布奇诺咖啡机手册。故选B。 C （24-25高二下·上海·期末）As artificial-intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human—an AI produced voice that books restaurant reservations by phone, for example, or a chat robot that answers consumers’ questions online—people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing whether they are talking to a machine. But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度) and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a simple game in which paired players make a series of decisions to cooperate with or betray their partner. In the long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating—but there is always the temptation to betray and earn extra points short term, at the partner’s expense. The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法) that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such. The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a computer scientist at New York University in Abu Dhabi and a senior author on the paper, published last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players. (In each mode, the robot played 50 rounds against at least 150 individuals.) In an additional experiment, players were told, “Data suggest that people are better off if they treat the robot as if it were a human.” It had no effect. Virginia Dignum, who leads the Social and Ethical Artificial Intelligence group at Umea University in Sweden and was not involved in the study, praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup. The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by-interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.” 63．The word “trade-off ” is closest in meaning to __________. A．balancing B．combining C．distinction D．agreement 64．According to the passage, what attitude do people generally take towards robots? A．Highly positive.B．Casual. C．Strongly opposed. D．Distrustful. 65．What can be inferred about the research findings from the passage? A．They fail to support the researchers’ assumption. B．They will draw people’s attention to robots’ problems. C．They are different from the previous research findings. D．They can explain why people treat a robot like a human. 66．According to the passage, what is Virginia Dignum most likely to agree with? A．Talal Rahwan’s research findings can’t apply to the real-world situations. B．Blanket permission for interacting with a robot does more harm than good. C．People needn’t be told that they are interacting with a robot on all occasions. D．The relationship between transparency and efficacy has been fully explored. 【答案】63．A 64．D 65．A 66．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着人工智能产品在扮演人类角色方面不断进步，人们越来越担心对面正和自己交流是否是机器人，因为人们有自己的偏见，不信任机器人，即使实验证明机器人是有好的合作能力的。 63．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法)that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.（研究人员使用了一种人工智能算法，当假扮成一个人的时候，实施了一种比人类更善于让人类伙伴合作的策略。但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知提到了人们不相信机器，即使机器人的策略比人类本身的策略更容易让合作伙伴合作；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利)”可知无论怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果被告知是机器人的话，他们更不会选择机器人合作了，综上所述，推知“But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度)and cooperation in human-computer interactions.(但事实可能会降低这类产品的效率：最近的研究发现，在人机交流中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡)”表述的是人们在与机器交流中，应该存在透明度和合作之间的平衡，否则，一旦人们知道对面是机器人在和他们交流，他们根本不会相信机器人，那必然会导致机器人的效率低了，所以在透明度和合作之间要有平衡，故推知“trade-off ”意思的“平衡”；故选A项。 64．推理判断题。根据文第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”和文章第三段“The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,”(研究小组希望人们在与一个已知的机器人玩时能够认识到它的合作能力（而不是一个容易被打败的机器人） ，并最终克服他们的怀疑。“遗憾的是，我们失败了”)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器人，而科学家希望人类能认识到机器人的合作能力而最终战胜对它们的怀疑，但是失败了，推知人类对机器人的态度就是抱有怀疑的；故选D项。 65．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器，而科学家们想知道如果机器人真的暴露出来，会生什么；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。”)”可知不管怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果人们被告知是机器人，更不可能去跟它们合作。由此推知，实验结果不支持科学家们的假设，故选A项。 66．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup.(赞扬了研究人员探索透明度与效率之间的平衡,，但她希望看到它在论文的特殊设置之外进行测试)”可知Dignum对于此项研究是赞同的，而且希望去除实验特殊设置；根据文章最后一段“The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.”(作者说，在公共领域，应该要求人们同意被欺骗的机器人的身份。它不能建立在互动的基础上，否则“欺骗”显然不会起作用。但是，即使能够获得对偶尔欺骗行为的全面许可，仍然会引发道德上的两难困境。Dignum说，人类在与机器人交流之后应该有权知道答案，但是如果她打电话给客服只是为了问一个简单的问题，她补充说，“我只是想得到我的答案)”可知此项研究论文的作者认为不应该事先告知人们机器人的身份，而Dignum对于这个研究是赞扬的，即对论文的作者的观点是不排斥的，并且认为可以去除实验中的设置来验证这个现象，而且Dignum认为人们在与机器交流后应该有权知道答案，而没有提及事先告知人们机器人的身份，故推知Dignum认同人们不需要被告知他们在任何场合都在与机器人互动这样的观点；故选C项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. （24-25高二下·上海杨浦·期末）Study with Me On social media, people share knowledge through videos — from piano lessons to computer repair. When seeking answers, many turn to YouTube, including those struggling with studying.   That’s where Study with Me (SWM) videos come into play. In Korea, the popular videos are called “gongbang,” which means Study Broadcast. In Japan, they’re called “benkyou douga,” and in America and other countries, they’re called Study with Me. 67 Students create and share videos of themselves studying attentively, usually for an exam. The camera often focuses on a clean desk with a tidy display of books, notebooks, a computer and a timer. Throughout most of the videos, no words are spoken; the focus is on the creator as he or she studies. The point is not to teach anything but simply to provide a study companion.   68 Financial site Business Insider says this type of video “serves a real purpose, helping people focus.”   The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology performed research on Study with Me videos and discovered several benefits. First, people can set up quiet study areas in their homes to view the videos. This cuts down on their commute to libraries or established study rooms. 69 Finally, viewers gain emotional support by knowing that they are part of a group with perhaps thousands of others, all working toward the same goal. Some viewers have said that Study with Me “satisfies the need for belonging and social contact” by providing a sense of companionship. 70 Some SWM livestreams, where viewers can chat with each other in real time, feel like online study groups. This helps create a satisfactory study environment where students can find the inspiration they need to stay on task. A．Next, observing the diligence of the creator often motivates viewers, especially those who have trouble studying. B．No matter what their names are, millions of viewers have joined the SWM craze. C．Moreover, with teachers answering questions and facilitating discussions, the learning atmosphere becomes highly engaging. D．The creator becomes a study mate, which reduces the isolation many students feel. E．Are SWM cideos just “lazy content,” or are they beneficial? F．Yet others point out that such peer-driven pressure can leave viewers feeling tense and uneasy. 【答案】67．B 68．E 69．A 70．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“和我一起学习（SWM）”视频的形式、作用及相关研究发现的益处。 【详解】67．上文“In Korea, the popular videos are called “gongbang,” which means Study Broadcast. In Japan, they’re called “benkyou douga,” and in America and other countries, they’re called Study with Me. (在韩国，这类流行视频被称为“学习直播”，在日本，它们被称作“学习视频”，而在美国和其他国家，人们则将其称为“和我一起学习”)”可知，本段列举了不同国家对SWM视频的不同称呼，空处需承接上文，总结不同名称下的共同现象。B选项“无论它们叫什么名字，数百万观众都加入了SWM热潮”通过“No matter what their names are”衔接前文的名称差异，“millions of viewers”引出其流行程度，符合语境。故选B。 68．下文“Financial site Business Insider says this type of video “serves a real purpose, helping people focus.” (金融网站《商业内幕》称，这类视频“确实有用，能帮助人们集中注意力”。)”指出SWM视频的实际作用，而空处需引出对其价值的探讨。E选项“SWM 视频只是‘懒惰的内容’，还是有益的？”以疑问句形式引发思考，既呼应后文对其益处的说明，又通过“or are they beneficial”自然过渡到下文，适合作段落主旨句。故选E。 69．上文“First, people can set up quiet study areas in their homes to view the videos. (首先，人们可以在家中设立安静的学习区域来观看这些视频)”介绍了研究发现的第一个益处，下文“Finally, viewers gain emotional support by knowing that they are part of a group with perhaps thousands of others, all working toward the same goal. (最后，观众会获得情感支持，因为他们知道自己属于一个可能由成千上万的人组成的群体，所有人都在朝着同一个目标努力)”为第三个益处，空处需补充第二个益处。A选项“其次，观察创作者的勤奋往往能激励观众，尤其是那些在学习上有困难的人。”对应研究中的具体好处，符合逻辑顺序。故选A。 70．上文“Finally, viewers gain emotional support by knowing that they are part of a group with perhaps thousands of others, all working toward the same goal. Some viewers have said that Study with Me “satisfies the need for belonging and social contact” by providing a sense of companionship. (最后，观众知道自己属于一个可能由成千上万的人组成的群体，所有人都在朝着同一个目标努力，这让他们获得了情感支持。一些观众表示，“和我一起学习” 视频通过提供一种陪伴感，“满足了归属感和社交接触的需求”)”可知，强调了SWM视频带来的陪伴感和情感支持。D选项“创作者成为了学习伙伴，这减少了许多学生感受到的孤独感。”进一步解释这种陪伴如何减少孤独感，其中“study mate”和“reduces the isolation”直接呼应前文的“companionship”和“need for belonging”，符合语境。故选D。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） 71．（24-25高二下·上海静安·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Hidden Cost of Digital Distractions The researchers carried out a study in which people were asked to read a short passage, and then answer questions that tested their understanding of what they had read. Those who were affected by digital distractions during the task performed just 80% as well as the participants who were allowed to do the test in peace. In short, you shouldn’t be surprised digital distractions kill your productivity. Originally, smartphones and other portable devices were designed to maximize convenience, allow us to work on the move, and enhance our productivity. Unfortunately, they have turned into a distraction that often interrupts our daily lives. For example, you might be working on an important presentation, only to be distracted by several e-mail notifications. You then have a choice — do you stop and answer these messages, or do you carry on with your presentation and hope that the sender doesn’t expect an immediate response? Either way, the notification has interrupted your flow and thrown you off course. Every time your attention is diverted from your task, you lose time. It takes effort to get back on track, and repeated interruptions can demotivate you. It can feel as though everyone wants a piece of your time, and that you will never get around to finishing anything. If you are a typical worker, you’ll be distracted every 11 minutes, and it will take you 25 minutes to actually settle down again to your task. The more complicated your project, the longer it takes to regain your focus, because your brain has to put in considerable effort when switching between complex objectives. To tackle the hidden cost of digital distractions, one effective solution is to set specific “focus hours” each day by turning off non-essential notifications and using website blockers to limit access to distracting sites. By managing digital interruptions intentionally, individuals can ensure their devices support their goals instead of getting in the way. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】For reference: Research shows that digital distractions reduce productivity. Although initially designed for convenience, devices like smartphones now often hinder efficiency by interrupting workflows and disrupting concentration with constant notifications. Resuming tasks, particularly complex ones, takes time and effort. Moreover, frequent interruptions can lower motivation. A practical solution is to consciously limit daily digital interruptions to stay productive. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了数字干扰会降低工作效率，介绍了其带来的负面影响，并提出设置“专注时间”来限制数字干扰以提高效率的解决办法。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Those who were affected by digital distractions during the task performed just 80% as well as the participants who were allowed to do the test in peace. ②Originally, smartphones and other portable devices were designed to maximize convenience, allow us to work on the move, and enhance our productivity. Unfortunately, they have turned into a distraction that often interrupts our daily lives. ③Every time your attention is diverted from your task, you lose time. It takes effort to get back on track, and repeated interruptions can demotivate you. ④To tackle the hidden cost of digital distractions, one effective solution is to set specific “focus hours” each day by turning off non-essential notifications and using website blockers to limit access to distracting sites. 2. 缜密构思 将第1点说明数字干扰影响效率；第2点说明设备初衷与现状；第3点说明数字干扰带来的其他负面影响；第4点提出解决办法。 3. 遣词造句 Research indicates digital distractions reduce productivity. Smartphones, initially for convenience, now often interrupt daily life. Digital distractions waste time, lower motivation and make it hard to refocus. Setting “focus hours” can limit digital interruptions and boost efficiency. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Research shows that digital distractions reduce productivity. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Although initially designed for convenience, devices like smartphones now often hinder efficiency by interrupting workflows and disrupting concentration with constant notifications. (运用了although引导省略的让步状语从句) V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）专家们强烈建议，压力大的时候，留点时间锻炼身体。(leave) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Experts strongly recommend that when under stress, one should leave some time for physical exercise. 【详解】考查动词、名词和宾语从句。“专家们”翻译为experts，作主语；“强烈”用副词strongly；“建议”用动词recommend作谓语，后面跟that引导的宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”；“留点时间锻炼身体”翻译 leave some time for physical exercise；“压力大的时候”可以用when引导的时间状语从句表示，翻译为when one is under stress，可以省略为when under stress。故整句翻译为Experts strongly recommend that when under stress, one should leave some time for physical exercise. 73．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）别低估微小举动的力量，它能帮不幸的人们渡过难关。（help）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Never underestimate the power of small actions, which can help those in need get through difficult times. 【详解】考查祈使句、定语从句和动词短语。根据句意，前半句为祈使句，使用动词原形开头；后半句为定语从句修饰先行词。表示“别低估”为never underestimate，位于句首单词首字母需大写，“微小举动的力量”为the power of small actions，所以，表示“别低估微小举动的力量”为祈使句Never underestimate the power of small actions；表示“它能帮不幸的人们渡过难关”可以为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the power of small actions，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词which，表示“能帮助某人做某事”为can help sb. do sth.，“不幸的人们”为those in need，“渡过难关”为get through difficult times，所以定语从句可译为which can help those in need get through difficult times。故翻译为Never underestimate the power of small actions, which can help those in need get through difficult times. 74．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）人类的许多行为看上去无害，但会严重破坏海洋的生态平衡，这不足为奇。(It) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is not surprising that many human behaviors seem harmless but can severely damage the ecological balance of the ocean. 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和主语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表客观情况。表示“这不足为奇”应用it is not surprising that，为固定句型，it为形式主语，that后为主语从句；表示“人类的许多行为看上去无害”应用many human behaviors seem harmless，为主系表结构，harmless(无害的)，为形容词作表语；表示“但会严重破坏海洋的生态平衡”可用but can severely damage the ecological balance of the ocean，为主谓宾结构，severely(严重地)，为副词作状语，the ecological balance of the ocean(海洋的生态平衡)，为名词短语作宾语。故翻译为It is not surprising that many human behaviors seem harmless but can severely damage the ecological balance of the ocean. 75．（24-25高二下·上海宝山·期末）随着技术创新和新能源的蓬勃发展，风能和太阳能将日益主导能源供应，实现温室气体零排放的目标指日可待。(reach) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the booming development of technological innovation and new energy, wind and solar energy will increasingly dominate the energy supply, and the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions will be reached soon. 【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语、时态和语态。“随着技术创新和新能源的蓬勃发展”作伴随状语，可处理为介词短语with the booming development of technological innovation and new energy；“风能和太阳能将日益主导能源供应”是第1分句，主语“风能和太阳能”译为wind and solar energy，“主导”用动词dominate，描述将来的事情，用一般将来时态will dominate，“日益”用副词increasingly作状语，宾语“能源供应”译为“the energy supply”；“实现温室气体零排放的目标指日可待”是第2分句，用并列连词and连接，主语“温室气体零排放的目标”用the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions，谓语“实现”用动词reach，与主语之间是被动关系，描述将来的事情，用一般将来时的被动语态will be reached，时间状语“指日可待”可用副词soon表示。综上，全句译为：With the booming development of technological innovation and new energy, wind and solar energy will increasingly dominate the energy supply, and the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions will be reached soon. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．（24-25高二下·上海徐汇·期末）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学学生会主席李华。学校计划试行“学生自主管理食堂周”，由学生团队设计健康菜谱、管理用餐秩序并收集反馈。请你以学生会名义写一份英文建议信给校长，内容包括： ●描述当前食堂存在的1个突出问题(如菜品单一、排队混乱等)； ●提出具体改进方案及预期效果； ●说明该活动对学生能力培养的意义。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Principal, As the chairman of the Student Union at Mingqi Middle School, I am excited to propose a new initiative: the “Student-Led Cafeteria Management Week.” Currently, one major issue in our cafeteria is the lack of variety in meal options, which often leads to student dissatisfaction and longer queues due to repetitive choices. To address this, we propose involving student teams in designing healthy menus, ensuring a diverse range of dishes that cater to different dietary preferences and nutritional needs. Additionally, students will manage dining order to streamline the queuing process and collect feedback to continuously improve services. This activity not only aims to enhance the dining experience but also fosters essential skills in our peers such as teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving. It’s a win-win for both the school and students’ personal growth. We believe this initiative will significantly improve the cafeteria environment and we eagerly await your approval to proceed. Sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封以学生会名义写给校长的建议信，要求描述当前食堂存在的突出问题、提出改进方案及预期效果，并说明活动对学生能力培养的意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提议：propose → put forward 解决：address → tackle 包含：involving → encompassing 促进：fosters → facilitates 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：Additionally, students will manage dining order to streamline the queuing process and collect feedback to continuously improve services. 拓展句：Furthermore, student teams will oversee dining etiquette to optimize queue efficiency and gather feedback systematically, thereby facilitating ongoing service enhancements. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Currently, one major issue in our cafeteria is the lack of variety in meal options, which often leads to student dissatisfaction and longer queues due to repetitive choices.（使用关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the lack of variety in meal options） 【高分句型2】This activity not only aims to enhance the dining experience but also fosters essential skills in our peers such as teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving.（使用“not only...but also... 结构”） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $