期末复习讲义（外研版第二版 基础模块1 Unit 2 We Are Friends）-2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》

编写说明：2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》以考试范围内教材单元内容为基准，精准覆盖核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考题型，包含配套的单元复习课件、讲义与模拟卷，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期末复习解决方案。 2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 2 We Are Friends 复习讲义 目录 明·期末考情 记·必考知识 + 练·10分钟 1.单元重点词汇 2.单元重点语法 3.单元主题应用 核心 考点 复习目标 考情规律 重 点 词 汇 1. 掌握描述性格与特质的形容词：如 humorous, kind, honest, open-minded, serious, quiet, cheerful, active, helpful, shy, frank, confident 等。 2. 掌握交友与社交活动相关词汇：如 volunteer, conversation, hobby, club, argument, apology, pressure, exam, friendship。 3. 掌握固定搭配与常用表达： - be fond of（喜欢） - get along（相处） - have...in common（有共同点） - pay attention to（注意） - shout at（对…大喊） - make an apology（道歉） - bond with（与…建立联系） - hang out（闲逛） 4. 辨析表示“朋友关系”的词汇：如 close friend, ordinary friend, casual acquaintance。 高频考查于情景对话、完形填空、阅读理解及书面表达。易混淆 bother 与 worry 的用法，以及 shout at 和 shout to 的区别。 语 法 知 识 1. 掌握一般过去时的用法： - 表示过去发生的动作或状态（I was sad. / She shouted at me.） - 动词过去式的规则与不规则变化（was/were, shouted, met, discussed） 2. 掌握提建议的句型： - Why not...?（为什么不…？） - You should...（你应该…） - How about...?（…怎么样？） 3. 掌握描述人物性格与关系的表达： - She is a shy girl. - We have been close friends since... 常见于听力理解、语法选择、补全对话及写作中，尤其注意一般过去时中动词的正确形式。 主 题 应用 1. 能听懂并描述朋友的性格、爱好与相处方式。 2. 能阅读并理解关于交友故事、社交建议、朋友分类等文本。 3. 能撰写简单的交友规则、人物介绍或回复交友建议类帖子。 4. 能就交友困惑提出建议，表达理解与关心。 听力常考人物介绍与交友对话；阅读多涉及交友故事、社交心理类文章；写作常考人物描写、交友建议或规则说明。 知识点01 单元重点词汇 核心词汇（词性+词义） 短语 comment /ˈkɒment/ n. 评论；意见 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ n. 志愿者 humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ adj. 幽默的 gifted /ˈɡɪftɪd/ adj. 有才华的 relationship /rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp/ n. 关系 down /daʊn/ adj. 不开心的；伤心的 bother /ˈbɒðə/ v. (使) 担心；(使) 苦恼 close /kləʊs/ adj. 亲密的 worried /ˈwʌrɪd/ adj. 担心的 final /ˈfaɪnəl/ adj. 最终的；最后的 exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. 考试 pressure /ˈpreʃə/ n. 压力 issue /ˈɪʃuː/ n. 问题 confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 有信心的 unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj. 不快乐的 group /ɡruːp/ v. （使）形成一组 bond /bɒnd/ v. 与……培养一种特殊关系 outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ adv. 在户外 be fond of 对……感兴趣 shout at 冲某人大声喊叫 in anger 愤怒地 hang out [非正式] 闲待；厮混 be interested in 对……感兴趣 am 午前；上午 pm 下午 1. He felt ________ after the long argument with his best friend and didn't want to talk to anyone. A. refreshed B. confident C. down D. considerate 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：在和最好的朋友长时间争吵后，他感到非常低落，不想和任何人说话。down (不开心的，伤心的) 用于描述人的情绪状态，符合争吵后的心境。 2. If you want to stay healthy, you should ________ eating too much fast food. A. be fond of B. be upset about C. give up D. be located in 【答案】C 【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：如果你想保持健康，你应该放弃吃太多快餐。give up (放弃) 符合给出健康建议的语境。 3. The ability to work well with others, or good ________, is highly valued by employers. A. fairness B. teamwork C. economy D. relationship 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：与他人良好合作的能力，即良好的关系，深受雇主重视。relationship (关系) 在这里作为“与他人良好合作的能力”的同位语，符合句意。 4. I ________ watching documentaries ________ watching action movies; I find them more interesting. A. get angry with / rather than B. prefer / to C. am worried about / besides D. forgive / for example 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词搭配辨析。句意：我更喜欢看纪录片，而不是看动作片；我觉得纪录片更有趣。prefer ... to ... (喜欢A多于B) 是表示比较和偏好的固定搭配。 5. The ________ between the two companies has always been friendly and cooperative. A. comment B. pressure C. relationship D. exam 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：这两家公司之间的关系一直是友好且合作的。relationship (关系) 用来描述公司间的互动状态，符合句意。 6. She never lets the ________ of work affect her mood; she always stays positive. A. issue B. pressure C. comment D. volunteer 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她从不让工作的压力影响她的情绪；她总是保持积极。pressure (压力) 是Unit 2词汇，常与工作、学习等语境搭配。 7. Don't ________ him about his grades. He's already trying his best. A. shout at B. be fond of C. bond with D. hang out 【答案】A 【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：不要冲他大声喊叫，责怪他的成绩。他已经尽力了。shout at (冲某人大声喊叫) 符合因成绩问题而可能发生的负面沟通场景。 8. After the ________, the students felt relieved and went to celebrate. A. final exam B. close friend C. humorous story D. gifted student 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：期末考试后，学生们感到松了一口气，然后去庆祝了。final exam (期末考试) 是Unit 2核心词汇的组合，符合学生考后庆祝的语境。 9. To become a ________, you need to have a warm heart and be willing to help others for free. A. patient B. volunteer C. technician D. chef 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：要成为一名志愿者，你需要有热心肠并愿意无偿帮助他人。volunteer (志愿者) 定义与“热心助人”相符。 10. His ________ remarks always make everyone in the meeting room laugh. A. worried B. final C. humorous D. down 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：他幽默的言辞总是能让会议室里的每个人笑起来。humorous (幽默的) 用于描述能引人发笑的言论或人，符合句意。 知识点02 单元重点语法 一、一般过去时 表示过去某一时间或者某一段时间所发生的事情或存在的状态。 过去某一时间 分类 结构 例句 含有be动词（表示存在的状态） 肯定句 主语 + was/were + … Yesterday was Thursday. 昨天是星期四。 否定句 主语 + was/were+ not + … He wasn’t at home yesterday. 他昨天不在家。 一般疑问句 Was/Were+ 主语 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + was/were + not. Were you at home yesterday? 昨天你在家吗？ → Yes, I was. / No, I was not. 表示过去发生的动作（含有实义动词） 肯定句 主语 + 动词（过去式） + … You study hard. 你学习很努力。 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + … We didn’t have class last week. 我们上周没课。 一般疑问句 Did+ 主语 + 动词原形 + … ? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. Did you live in Shanghai yesterday? 你昨天住在上海吗？ → Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 标志词 1.ago系列: ago、3 days ago、a moment ago 2.last系列：last time、last year、last Monday 、last night、last term 3.yesterday系列：yesterday、yesterday morning/evening、the day before yesterday 4.in/on+过去的时间、过去某时：in 1998... 5.短语：in the early days、just now、once upon a time、long long ago、at the age of....、one day 动词过去式的变化规则 规则 例句 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed work → worked 工作 play → played玩 stay→ stayed停留/保持 laugh→ laughed笑 以e结尾的动词，在动词原形末尾加-d like→ liked喜欢 live → lived居住 use→ used使用 dance → danced跳舞 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed study → studied学习 carry → carried携带 fly → flied飞 try → tried尝试 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→ stopped停止 chat→ chatted聊天 特殊变化单独记 have → had有 am/is→ was是 are→ were是 meet→ met 遇见 go→ went 去 eat→ ate 吃 take→ took 带 begin→ began 开始 become→ became成为 put→ put 放 cost→ cost 话费 read→ read 阅读 一般过去时的用法 用法 例句 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态常与过去具体时间状语连用 Nina was here just now. 妮娜刚才还在这里。 I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 I ate breakfast at 6:45 . 我在六点四十五分吃了早餐。 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作或状态 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 在谈论已经去世的人或动物时 Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。 Beethoven was a great musician. 贝多芬是一位伟大的音乐家。 表示主语过去的性格或特征 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 It was rainy last week. 上星期多雨。 表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时, Alicia opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 艾丽莎打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 主句与从句时态一致的需要。如果主句用了过去时从句中一般也要用过去式，或者过去进行时、过去完成时。 She believed that she was right. 她相信自己是对的。 二、动名词 动名词是在动词后加-ing构成，其构成规则与动词现在分词的构成规则相同。动名词（短 语）具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词也有自己的时态和语态。 分类 结构 例句 动名词作主语 动名词作主语表示抽象、泛指的动作。 Doing sth.+谓语…… Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes. 在太阳底下看书对我们的眼睛有害。 It的形式主语句子。（use、fun、good、nice、useful ） It十be十名词/形容词十动名词短语 It's no use only speaking but not doing. 只说不做没有用。 动名词作宾语 动名词可放在介词或某些动词（短语）后作宾语。 advise（建议）、allow（允许）、avoid（避免）、consider（考 ）、dislike（不喜欢）、enjoy（喜欢）、finish（完成）、forbid（禁止）、imagine（改想）、kcep（保持）、mind（介意）、permit（允许）、practise（练习）、suggest（建议）、be busyC忙t于）、be worth（值得）、can't help（忍不住）、feel like（想要）、givc up（放弃）、have trouble/difficulty （in）（做……有麻烦/困难）、insist on （坚持）、keep on （继续）、look forward to（期待）、put off（推迟）、Prevent/stop sb. trom（阻止某人做某事）、spend time/money （in）（花时间/钱做…… Would you mind speaking more slowly？ 你介意说慢点吗？ The boy enjoys Listening to the radio in the morning. 这个男孩喜欢早上听收音机。 This book is worth reading. 这本书值得看。 He was punished for not telling the truth. 因为没有说实话，他受到了惩别。 动名词作表语 动名词作表语，用来补充说明主语的内容，与动词不定式作表语的用法相同。 Her job is washing, cleaning and looking after the children. 她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。 动名词作定语 动名词作定语，用来说明所修饰的名词的功能及用途。 a reading room 一个阅览室（这个房间是用来看书的） a swimming pool 一个游泳池（这个池子是用来游泳的） a writing book 一本写作书（这本书是用来帮助训练写作的） 1. I ________ a delicious cake for my mother’s birthday yesterday. A. make B. makes C. made D. am making 【答案】C 【解析】 考查一般过去时。句意：昨天我为我妈妈的生日做了一个美味的蛋糕。时间状语“yesterday”明确表示动作发生在过去，动词“make”的过去式是“made”。 2. ________ English every morning is a good habit. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. To read 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动名词作主语。句意：每天早上读英语是个好习惯。表示一个习惯性的、泛指的行为时，常用动名词（V-ing）作主语。“Reading”在此处作主语。 3. My father is used to ________ a walk after dinner. A. take B. takes C. taking D. took 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：我父亲习惯晚饭后散步。“be used to”中“to”是介词，后接名词或动名词，故用“taking”。 4. We ________ at the reading club and became good friends last term. A. meet B. meets C. met D. are meeting 【答案】C 【解析】 考查一般过去时。句意：上学期我们在读书俱乐部相遇并成为了好朋友。根据时间状语“last term”和并列谓语“became”，动词需用过去式“met”。 5. Lyn enjoys ________ books with her friends in her free time. A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：琳恩喜欢在空闲时间和朋友们一起读书。动词“enjoy”后需接动名词（V-ing）作宾语，故用“reading”。 6. She ________ very sad because her close friend got angry with her yesterday. A. feels B. felt C. feeling D. is feeling 【答案】B 【解析】 考查一般过去时。句意：她昨天非常难过，因为她的一位密友对她生气了。根据时间状语“yesterday”和从句时态“got angry”，主句动词需用过去式“felt”。 7. Joe suggested ________ an action film together this weekend. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. to watch 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：乔建议这个周末一起看一部动作片。动词“suggest”后接动名词（V-ing）作宾语，表示建议做某事，故用“watching”。 8. I ________ an apology to my friend after I shouted at her. A. make B. makes C. made D. am making 【答案】C 【解析】 考查一般过去时。句意：在对朋友大喊大叫之后，我向她道了歉。根据语境，道歉的动作发生在“shouted at her”之后，是过去的动作，故用“made”。 9. They are fond of ________ time together and sharing their hobbies. A. spend B. spends C. spending D. to spend 【答案】C 【解析】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：他们喜欢在一起共度时光并分享爱好。“be fond of”意为“喜欢”，其中“of”是介词，后接动名词（V-ing），故用“spending”。 10. Sarah ________ a very helpful suggestion when Ann felt lonely. A. gives B. gave C. giving D. is giving 【答案】B 【解析】 考查一般过去时。句意：当安感到孤独时，莎拉给了一个非常有用的建议。根据从句时态“felt lonely”，主句动作也发生在过去，故用“gave”。 知识点03 单元主题应用 重点短语 have a conversation 交谈 join a sports team 加入运动队 do volunteer work 做志愿者工作 go camping 去露营 be fond of 喜欢 shout at 对…大喊 get along 相处 in common 共同点 quarrel with 争吵 pay attention to 注意 rather than 而不是 hang out 闲逛 bond with 建立联系 重点句型 1. 描述朋友与性格 We have the same hobbies and have lots to talk about. 我们有相同的爱好，有很多话题可聊。 I would like to make friends with someone who is honest and open-minded. 我喜欢和诚实、思想开放的人交朋友。 2. 表达关心与道歉 You look a bit down today. Is something bothering you? 你今天看起来有点低落，有什么事吗？ Why not make an apology first? 为什么不先道歉呢？ As a good friend, I should be more patient and considerate. 作为好朋友，我应该更耐心、更体贴。 3. 谈论友谊准则 Wang Li and I have been close friends since primary school. 我和王丽从小学起就是好朋友。 We always understand and respect each other. 我们总是互相理解和尊重。 4. 交友建议与社交 Why not join a sports team? 为什么不加入一个运动队呢？ It is a great way to bond with others and make new friends. 这是与他人建立联系、结交新朋友的好方法。 一、阅读理解 Amy and Lily have been best friends since they were in primary school. They both love reading and often go to the library together. Last week, however, they had a small argument. Amy was worried about the coming exams and felt very stressed. When Lily asked her to go out for a walk, Amy shouted at her without thinking. Lily was very upset and didn’t talk to Amy for two days. Later, Amy realized she was wrong. She decided to make an apology. She wrote Lily a note saying, “I’m really sorry for shouting at you. I was under great pressure and didn’t mean to hurt you. I hope you can forgive me.” Lily accepted her apology and said, “As good friends, we should understand and respect each other. Let’s not quarrel over small things.” Now they are friends again and plan to go camping together this weekend. 1. How did Amy and Lily become friends? A. They met in a sports team. B. They have been friends since primary school. C. They joined a volunteer group together. D. They are classmates in a cookery class. 2. Why did Amy shout at Lily? A. Because Lily didn’t help her with homework. B. Because Amy was under great pressure. C. Because Lily was too noisy. D. Because they liked different books. 3. What did Amy do after the argument? A. She joined a reading club. B. She wrote an apology note to Lily. C. She asked another friend for help. D. She decided not to talk to Lily anymore. 4. What is one of their friendship rules? A. Always study together. B. Never go camping. C. Understand and respect each other. D. Only read the same books. 5. What will they do this weekend? A. Have an exam. B. Go camping. C. Watch a film. D. Do volunteer work. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇关于朋友之间产生矛盾后又和好的记叙文。文章讲述了Amy因考试压力大而向好友Lily发脾气，之后主动道歉并得到原谅的故事，体现了朋友之间应相互理解、尊重和沟通的重要性。 【详解】 1.根据短文第一句“Amy and Lily have been best friends since they were in primary school.”，可知她们从小学起就是好朋友。选项B与此信息一致。 2.根据短文第一段“Amy was worried about the coming exams and felt very stressed. When Lily asked her to go out for a walk, Amy shouted at her without thinking.”，可知Amy因为考试压力大才对Lily大喊。选项B与此相符。 3.根据短文第二段“She decided to make an apology. She wrote Lily a note...”，可知Amy通过写道歉信向Lily道歉。选项B与此相符。 4.根据短文第二段Lily的话“As good friends, we should understand and respect each other.”，可知她们的朋友准则是相互理解和尊重。选项C与此信息一致。 5.根据短文最后一句“Now they are friends again and plan to go camping together this weekend.”，可知她们计划周末去露营。选项B与此相符。 二、写作 假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信说他在新学校感到孤独，不知道如何交朋友。请你根据Unit 2所学内容，给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.表达理解与关心； 2.给出2–3条交朋友的建议（如：参加俱乐部、主动交谈、做志愿者等）； 3.鼓励他保持开放和积极的心态。 要求： 1.词数：80–100词； 2.使用本单元所学词汇和句型（如：join a club, be open-minded, start a conversation, bond with others等）； 3.语句通顺，逻辑清晰。 【范文】 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you feel lonely at your new school. I understand how hard it can be to make new friends in a new environment, but don’t worry—things will get better. Here are some suggestions that might help. First, why not join a club or a sports team? This is a great way to meet people who share the same interests as you. Second, try to start conversations with your classmates. You can talk about your hobbies, your favourite books, or even ask for help with homework. Being friendly and open-minded will help you bond with others. Lastly, you could also do some volunteer work. Helping others together is a wonderful way to make true friends. Remember, don’t be afraid to take the first step. Good friends are worth waiting for. I’m sure you will soon make some great friends. Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $