暑假作业06 定语从句重难点突破（巩固培优）高二英语通用版

**基本信息** 高中英语暑假定语从句专项训练，以“定义-分类-易错-方法”为逻辑链，通过四步解题法与避错口诀构建系统性突破体系，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心重难点|关系代词/副词分类解析|依据成分选代词/副词，特殊规则（that/which限定）|从基础构成到高频规则，建立“指代-成分”对应关系| |易错点突破|9类易错点+正误对比|“看成分判词”铁律，抽象地点/非限制性从句等陷阱规避|针对学生惯性错误，构建“误区-规则-例句”纠正路径| |解题方法|四步步骤+避错口诀|找先行词→析成分→核规则→排干扰，口诀简化记忆|将复杂语法规则转化为可操作流程，提升解题效率| |综合训练|单选30+填空10+转换5+翻译5|覆盖高考核心题型，强化“方法-应用”迁移|从单句到语篇，实现知识从理解到综合运用的跃升|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 定语从句重难点突破 一、定义 定语从句又称为形容词性从句，是英语中最常用的复合句从句之一。它在句子中充当定语成分，修饰、限定名词或代词，用于说明人或事物的身份、特征、属性、范围等。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词在从句中承担一定的句子成分，同时起到连接主从句的作用。 二、核心重难点分类解析 1. 基础构成 定语从句基本结构：先行词+关系词+完整从句（缺成分） 核心特点：关系词指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语，不可重复指代先行词。 2. 关系代词（who/whom/which/that/whose） 主要指代人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，是考试核心考点。 who：指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语； whom：指代人，在从句中仅作宾语，可省略； which：指代物，在从句中作主语、宾语； that：可指代人/物，作主语、宾语，适用范围广，但有固定用法限制； whose：表所属关系，意为“……的”，可指代人/物，作定语。 3. 关系副词（when/where/why） 指代时间、地点、原因，在从句中仅作状语，从句句子成分完整，不缺主宾。 when：先行词为时间名词，从句缺时间状语； where：先行词为地点、抽象地点（situation、case、stage等），从句缺地点状语； why：先行词仅为reason，从句缺原因状语。 4. 高频重难点规则（必考） 只能用that，不用which的情况： 1. 先行词被all、little、much、everything、nothing等不定代词修饰。 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰；先行词有人又有物。 3. 先行词被the only、the very修饰。 只能用which，不用that的情况： 1.介词后引导定语从句；非限制性定语从句中。 2.非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词补充说明，无限定作用，有逗号隔开，不能用that，关系词不可省略。 3.介词+关系代词：介词选择依据先行词搭配、从句动词固定搭配、句子语义。 三、英语定语从句易错点专项知识点 易错点一： 致命误区——不判成分，只看先行词（最高频丢分） 核心错因： 学生惯性思维：看见时间用when、看见地点用where、看见reason用why，忽略从句是否缺少主干成分。 万能解题铁律： 1. 从句缺主语、宾语、表语 → 用关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose） 2. 从句主谓宾完整，只缺状语 → 用关系副词（when/where/why） 正误对比（经典陷阱）： ❌ 错：I still remember the days when I spent in the countryside. ✅ 对：I still remember the days that/which I spent in the countryside. 【解析】spent为及物动词，从句缺宾语，必须用代词，禁用when。 ❌ 错：The reason why he explained to me is false. ✅ 对：The reason that/which he explained to me is false. 【解析】explained缺宾语，reason在从句中作宾语，不用why。 易错点二：抽象地点where用法（高二必考难点） 核心误区：误以为where只修饰具体地点（school、park、city）。 必考规则：以下表“情形、阶段、处境、地步”的抽象地点名词，从句完整一律用where： situation（情形）case（情况/案例）stage（阶段）position（处境）point（地步）environment（环境） 例句：We have reached a point where we must make a choice. 【解析】从句结构完整，point为抽象地点，用where作状语。 易错点三：that与which绝对边界 （一）只能用that，绝对不用which 1. 先行词被不定代词修饰：all, little, much, everything, nothing, anything 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 3. 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰 4. 先行词既有人又有物 5. 主句以Who/Which开头的特殊疑问句 （二）只能用which，绝对不用that 1. 介词之后引导定语从句（in which、for which） 2. 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开） 易错点四：非限制性定语从句4大隐形陷阱 1. 有逗号分隔，禁用that、关系词不可省略 2. which可指代整句话内容（高二超高频考点），that无此功能 例句：He lied to me, which made me very disappointed.（which指代整件事） 3. 先行词为专有名词、独一无二的事物，多用非限制性定语从句 4. 数词/代词+of+which/whom 为固定结构，不可用that 例句：He has three sons, two of whom are doctors. 易错点五：whose万能所属陷阱（极易被忽略） 误区：whose只能指代人。 正确规则：whose可指代人/物，表所属关系，可等价替换为 of which/of whom。 同义转换（高频改写考点）： the house whose roof is broken = the houseof which the roof is broken = the house the roof of which is broken 易错点六：the way特殊定语从句（超级易错固定句型） 致命误区：先行词为the way，误用how引导从句。 唯一正确规则： 先行词the way（方式、方法），从句缺方式状语，引导词只能用：that / in which / 省略 绝对不能用how！！！ 例句：I don’t like the way (that/in which) you talk to your parents. 易错点七：介词+关系代词 介词选择误区 介词三依据（必考）： 1. 依据从句动词固定搭配：depend on which, look forward to which 2. 依据先行词固定搭配：the reason for which, the price of which 3. 依据句子语义 高频固定搭配汇总： be familiar with which、be proud of which、devote to which 易错点八：as与which指代整句的区别（高二培优难点） 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句、指代整句话，极易混淆。 1. as：可置于句首/句中/句末，表“正如、如同”，带主动、预料含义 例句：As we all know, the earth is round. 2. which：只能置于句末，表“这一点”，带结果、意外含义 例句：He failed the exam, which surprised everyone. 易错点九：分隔式定语从句（高阶易错） 陷阱：先行词与定语从句被状语、谓语隔开，学生找不到先行词，误判引导词。 规则：定语从句可以后置分隔，修饰前面真正的先行词，只需还原句式判断成分。 例句：A new policy came out that benefits all students. 【解析】that修饰先行词a new policy，被谓语came out分隔。 四、定语从句极速解题步骤 第一步：找先行词（锁定修饰对象） 第二步：分析从句成分（缺主宾→代词；完整→副词） 第三步：核对特殊限制规则（最高级、only、介词后、逗号后） 第四步：排除易错干扰项（how、what绝对不引导定语从句） 五、终极避错口诀 定从做题看成分，缺宾缺主用代词； 句子完整用副从，地点抽象where通； 介后逗号不用that，最高唯一只用that； the way特殊要记牢，that/in which把词挑； 整句which放句末，as放句首正如道。 一、单项选择 1. I still remember the days ______ I spent with my grandparents in the countryside. A. when B. that C. where D. why 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点一：只看先行词不判成分 【解析】先行词为时间名词the days，但从句中spent为及物动词，缺少宾语，必须用关系代词that/which，不能因先行词是时间就误用when。故选B。 2. The reason ______ he gave for his being late was totally unbelievable. A. why B. for which C. that D. what 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点一：reason用法陷阱 【解析】从句动词gave缺少宾语，先行词reason在从句中作宾语，用that/which；why仅在从句完整、表原因时使用。what不引导定语从句。故选C。 3. We’ve reached a stage ______ we have to make a final decision. A. which B. that C. where D. when 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点二：抽象地点where用法 【解析】stage为抽象地点名词，表“阶段”，从句主谓结构完整，缺少地点状语，抽象地点统一用where引导。故选C。 4. All ______ is needed for success is patience and persistence. A. which B. that C. what D. who 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点三：that与which用法边界 【解析】先行词被不定代词All修饰，根据规则，只能用that引导定语从句，禁用which；what不引导定语从句。故选B。 5. This is the very book ______ I have been looking for. A. which B. that C. what D. when 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点三：that专属用法 【解析】先行词被the very修饰，属于只能用that的特殊情况，不能用which。故选B。 6. He missed the early bus, ______ made him late for school again. A. that B. which C. what D. who 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点四：非限制性定语从句陷阱 【解析】逗号分隔为非限制性定语从句，禁用that；which可指代前面整件事，what、who无此用法。选B。 7. There are 50 students in our class, half of ______ are good at English. A. them B. that C. whom D. which 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点四：数词+of+关系代词结构 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词students指人，介词of后用宾格whom，禁用that；them不能引导从句。故选C。 8. I live in a house ______ window faces the beautiful lake. A. which B. that C. whose D. where 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点五：whose指物用法 【解析】先行词为house（物），从句window缺少定语，表“房子的窗户”，whose可指代物表所属。故选C。 9. I don’t like the way ______ you speak to your elders. A. how B. what C. that D. which 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点六：the way特殊句型 【解析】先行词为the way，从句缺方式状语，引导词只能用that/in which/省略，绝对不用how。故选C。 10. This is the room ______ we once had a meeting. A. which B. in which C. that D. what 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点七：介词+关系代词搭配 【解析】先行词room，从句have a meeting为完整搭配，需加地点介词in，in which=where，引导定语从句。故选B。 11. The reason ______ he was absent from school was illness. A. why B. that C. which D. what 【答案】A 【易错点】易错点一：reason句式区分 【解析】从句结构完整，先行词reason表原因，从句缺原因状语，用why引导（对比第2题，本题从句无缺失成分）。故选A。 12. ______ is known to all, light travels faster than sound. A. Which B. As C. That D. What 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点八：as与which整句指代区别 【解析】非限制性定语从句置于句首，表“正如”，只能用as；which只能置于句末。故选B。 13. A new rule has been made ______ can reduce students’ unnecessary burden. A. what B. that C. who D. where 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点九：分隔式定语从句 【解析】先行词a new rule被谓语has been made分隔，从句缺主语，先行词指物，用that引导。故选B。 14. This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever read. A. which B. that C. what D. when 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点三：最高级修饰先行词 【解析】先行词被最高级the most interesting修饰，只能用that引导定语从句，禁用which。故选B。 15. The writer and his works ______ we talked about are very popular. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点三：先行词既人又物 【解析】先行词同时包含人（the writer）和物（his works），只能用that引导从句。故选B。 16. I will never forget the moment ______ I won the first prize. A. that B. which C. when D. where 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点一：成分判断 【解析】先行词moment表时间，从句I won the first prize成分完整，缺时间状语，用when引导。故选C。 17. The dictionary ______ I paid 50 yuan is very useful. A. for which B. which C. that D. on which 【答案】A 【易错点】易错点七：固定介词搭配 【解析】固定搭配pay money for sth.（为某物付款），介词搭配for，先行词指物，用for which。故选A。 18. He failed in the exam, ______ we had expected. A. which B. as C. that D. what 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点八：as预判含义 【解析】句意：他考试不及格，正如我们所预料的。as表“正如、预料之中”，符合语境；which表意外结果，不符合句意。故选B。 19. This is the only chance ______ we can seize to change our fate. A. which B. that C. what D. when 【答案】B 【易错点】易错点三：the only修饰先行词 【解析】先行词被the only修饰，固定用that引导定语从句。故选B。 20. There is no case ______ we can break the school rules. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】C 【易错点】易错点二：抽象地点case 【解析】case为抽象地点名词，表“情况”，从句结构完整，缺状语，用where引导定语从句。故选C。 21．The old man ________ we met at the school gate is a famous writer. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我们在校门口遇到的那位老人是一位著名的作家。先行词the old man指人，从句中met后缺宾语，需用who/whom/that引导，结合选项选B。what不能引导定语从句，which指代物，where作状语，均排除。 22．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in my life. A．which B．what C．that D．when 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。句意：这是我这辈子看过最好的电影。先行词movie被最高级the best修饰，根据规则，只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which。when作时间状语，what不引导定语从句，选C。 23．We visited the village ________ my father was born twenty years ago. A．where B．which C．that D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查关系副词。句意：我们参观了我父亲二十年前出生的那个村庄。先行词the village是地点名词，从句my father was born成分完整，不缺主宾，缺地点状语，用where引导定语从句，故选A。 24．The reason ________ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. A．why B．that C．which D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查关系副词why。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。先行词为reason（原因），从句结构完整，缺原因状语，固定用why引导定语从句，故选A。 25．The book ________ cover is blue belongs to my deskmate. A．which B．that C．whose D．what 【答案】C 【解析】考查whose引导定语从句。句意：那本封面是蓝色的书是我同桌的。先行词the book，从句中cover需要定语修饰，表“书的封面”，表所属关系，用whose引导定语从句，故选C。 26．He has two sons, ________ are doctors in the local hospital. A．who B．that C．which D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他有两个儿子，他们都是当地医院的医生。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词two sons指人，非限制性定语从句不能用that，用who引导，故选A。 27．This is the room ________ we lived last year. A．which B．in which C．that D．what 【答案】B 【解析】考查介词+关系代词。句意：这就是我们去年居住的房间。先行词the room，从句live为不及物动词，需加介词in再接地点，in which相当于where，引导定语从句，故选B。 28．All ________ we need is enough time and patience to finish the task. A．which B．that C．what D．who 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。句意：我们所需要的全部就是足够的时间和耐心来完成这项任务。先行词被不定代词All修饰，只能用that引导定语从句，故选B。 29．I will never forget the days ________ I studied with my best friends. A．when B．which C．that D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查关系副词when。句意：我永远不会忘记我和最好的朋友一起学习的日子。先行词the days为时间名词，从句I studied with my best friends成分完整，缺时间状语，用when引导，故选A。 30．The man ________ you spoke just now is our English teacher. A．to whom B．who C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】考查介词+关系代词。句意：你刚才说话的那个人是我们的英语老师。固定搭配speak to sb.（和某人说话），先行词指人，介词to提前，关系代词用whom，故选A。 一、单句语法填空 根据句意，填入合适的关系词 1．Anyone ________ breaks the school rules will be punished strictly. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。先行词Anyone指人，不定代词作先行词，可用who/that引导，从句缺主语，故填who/that。 2．The bike ________ I bought last month works very well. 【答案】which/that/不填 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词the bike指物，从句bought后缺宾语，可用which/that引导，作宾语的关系代词可省略。 3．We have reached a stage ________ we must make quick decisions. 【答案】where 【解析】考查抽象地点状语。先行词stage为抽象地点名词，从句成分完整，缺地点状语，用where引导定语从句。 4．This is the only chance ________ we can get to improve ourselves. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。先行词被the only修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。 5．The writer ________ books are popular among teenagers is coming to our school. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查whose表所属。先行词the writer，从句中books缺少定语，表“作家的书”，用whose引导。 6．I still remember the moment ________ I first met her. 【答案】when 【解析】考查时间状语。先行词the moment表时间，从句成分完整，缺时间状语，用when引导。 7．The house in ________ we lived used to be an old warehouse. 【答案】which 【解析】考查介词+关系代词。介词后指代物只能用which，不能用that，故填which。 8．There is nothing ________ can stop us from realizing our dreams. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。先行词为不定代词nothing，只能用that引导从句。 9．He told me the reason ________ he refused the invitation. 【答案】why 【解析】考查原因状语。先行词为reason，从句缺原因状语，用why引导定语从句。 10．The athletes, most of ________ are teenagers, performed wonderfully. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。介词of后指代人，用宾格whom，非限制性从句不用that。 二、句型转换 1．The girl is my cousin. She is singing on the stage. (用定语从句合并句子) →The girl ________ ________ ________ on the stage is my cousin. 【答案】who/that is singing 【解析】考查定语从句合并句子。先行词the girl指人，从句缺主语和谓语，用who/that引导，原句为现在进行时，故填who/that is singing。 2．This is the park. We played games here last weekend. (用定语从句合并句子) →This is the park ________ we played games last weekend. 【答案】where 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词the park表地点，从句成分完整，缺地点状语，用where引导定语从句。 3．I like the book. Its stories are very moving. (用定语从句合并句子) →I like the book ________ stories are very moving. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查whose引导定语从句。表“这本书的故事”，所属关系，用whose修饰先行词the book。 4．The movie is very exciting. We watched it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) →The movie ________ ________ ________ yesterday is very exciting. 【答案】which/that we watched 【解析】考查关系代词作宾语。先行词the movie指物，从句缺宾语，用which/that引导，时态保持一般过去时。 5．I will never forget the day. I joined the club on that day. (用定语从句合并句子) →I will never forget the day ________ I joined the club. 【答案】when 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词the day表时间，从句成分完整，缺时间状语，用when引导。 三、完成句子 根据句意和定语从句知识补全句子，每空一词 1．这就是我昨天谈论的那位老师。 This is the teacher ________ ________ ________ yesterday. 【答案】I talked about 【解析】先行词the teacher作talk about的宾语，关系代词可省略，时态为一般过去时。 2．我们生活的时代充满了机遇和挑战。 The time ________ ________ ________ is full of chances and challenges. 【答案】when we live 【解析】先行词the time表时间，用when引导定语从句，从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。 3．他是唯一一个通过这次考试的学生。 He is the only student ________ ________ ________ the exam. 【答案】that passed 【解析】先行词被the only修饰，只能用that引导，“通过考试”用pass，动作已发生用过去式。 4．我喜欢那些乐于助人的人。 I like people ________ ________ ready to help others. 【答案】who are 【解析】先行词people指人，用who引导从句，be ready to do为固定搭配，主语为复数，be动词用are。 5．这是我参观过的最美丽的城市。 This is the most beautiful city ________ ________ ________. 【答案】that I have visited 【解析】先行词被最高级修饰，用that引导，“已经参观过”用现在完成时。 四、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. Life is full of small beautiful moments 1.________ we often ignore in our busy days. Last Sunday, I went to the old community 2._______my grandparents live. There I met an elderly lady 3.______ was watering flowers in the yard. The flowers 4.________ she planted were all in full bloom(盛开).She told me the story 5.________ I will always remember. Ten years ago, this yard was a messy place 6.________ no one cared about. She was the only person 7.________ decided to tidy it up. The reason 8.________ she kept on planting flowers is that she wanted to bring beauty to the whole community.The old lady, 9.________ kindness touched me deeply, taught me a lesson: small efforts can create great changes. This is the experience 10.________ makes my summer holiday meaningful. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．where 3．who/that 4．that/which 5．that/which 6．that/which 7．that 8．why 9．whose 10．that 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述作者在老旧社区的所见所感，通过生活小事感悟微小努力也能创造巨大改变，全文贯穿定语从句核心考点。 1．that/which 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。先行词moments指物，从句中ignore后缺宾语，用that/which引导定语从句。 2．where 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词community表地点，从句my grandparents live成分完整，缺地点状语，用where。 3．who/that 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词an elderly lady指人，从句缺主语，用who/that引导从句。 4．that/which 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词the flowers指物，从句planted后缺宾语，用that/which引导。 5．that/which 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词the story指物，从句remember后缺宾语，用that/which引导。 6．that/which 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词place指物，从句cared about后缺宾语，用that/which引导。 7．that 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。先行词被the only修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。 8．why 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词为reason，从句缺原因状语，用why引导从句。 9．whose 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词the old lady，从句kindness需定语修饰，表“老人的善良”，用whose表所属。 10．that 【解析】考查定语从句特殊规则。先行词experience被the修饰，且主句为this is...句型中，先行词被the修饰时，通常用that引导定语从句。 五、英汉互译 1.我永远不会忘记和同学们一起度过的时光。（定语从句） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I will never forget the time that/which I spent with my classmates. 【解析】先行词the time，关系代词that/which在从句中作spent的宾语，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般过去时，贴合语境。 2.帮助过你的人值得你感恩。（定语从句） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The people who have helped you deserve your gratitude. 【解析】先行词the people指人，用who引导定语从句，从句动作对现在有影响，用现在完成时，deserve表示“值得”。 3.这就是我们去年举办运动会的操场。（定语从句） 【答案】This is the playground where we held the sports meeting last year. 【解析】先行词the playground表地点，从句成分完整，用where作地点状语，“举办运动会”hold sports meeting，过去式为held。 4.成功属于那些永不放弃的人。（定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Success belongs to those who never give up. 【解析】先行词those指代人，用who引导定语从句，陈述客观道理，主从句均用一般现在时。 5.The book which I borrowed from the library is very useful. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】我从图书馆借的这本书非常有用。 【解析】which引导定语从句修饰the book，作borrowed的宾语，翻译时将定语部分前置，符合中文表达习惯。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 定语从句重难点突破 一、定义 定语从句又称为形容词性从句，是英语中最常用的复合句从句之一。它在句子中充当定语成分，修饰、限定名词或代词，用于说明人或事物的身份、特征、属性、范围等。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词在从句中承担一定的句子成分，同时起到连接主从句的作用。 二、核心重难点分类解析 1. 基础构成 定语从句基本结构：先行词+关系词+完整从句（缺成分） 核心特点：关系词指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语，不可重复指代先行词。 2. 关系代词（who/whom/which/that/whose） 主要指代人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，是考试核心考点。 who：指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语； whom：指代人，在从句中仅作宾语，可省略； which：指代物，在从句中作主语、宾语； that：可指代人/物，作主语、宾语，适用范围广，但有固定用法限制； whose：表所属关系，意为“……的”，可指代人/物，作定语。 3. 关系副词（when/where/why） 指代时间、地点、原因，在从句中仅作状语，从句句子成分完整，不缺主宾。 when：先行词为时间名词，从句缺时间状语； where：先行词为地点、抽象地点（situation、case、stage等），从句缺地点状语； why：先行词仅为reason，从句缺原因状语。 4. 高频重难点规则（必考） 只能用that，不用which的情况： 1. 先行词被all、little、much、everything、nothing等不定代词修饰。 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰；先行词有人又有物。 3. 先行词被the only、the very修饰。 只能用which，不用that的情况： 1.介词后引导定语从句；非限制性定语从句中。 2.非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词补充说明，无限定作用，有逗号隔开，不能用that，关系词不可省略。 3.介词+关系代词：介词选择依据先行词搭配、从句动词固定搭配、句子语义。 三、英语定语从句易错点专项知识点 易错点一： 致命误区——不判成分，只看先行词（最高频丢分） 核心错因： 学生惯性思维：看见时间用when、看见地点用where、看见reason用why，忽略从句是否缺少主干成分。 万能解题铁律： 1. 从句缺主语、宾语、表语 → 用关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose） 2. 从句主谓宾完整，只缺状语 → 用关系副词（when/where/why） 正误对比（经典陷阱）： ❌ 错：I still remember the days when I spent in the countryside. ✅ 对：I still remember the days that/which I spent in the countryside. 【解析】spent为及物动词，从句缺宾语，必须用代词，禁用when。 ❌ 错：The reason why he explained to me is false. ✅ 对：The reason that/which he explained to me is false. 【解析】explained缺宾语，reason在从句中作宾语，不用why。 易错点二：抽象地点where用法（高二必考难点） 核心误区：误以为where只修饰具体地点（school、park、city）。 必考规则：以下表“情形、阶段、处境、地步”的抽象地点名词，从句完整一律用where： situation（情形）case（情况/案例）stage（阶段）position（处境）point（地步）environment（环境） 例句：We have reached a point where we must make a choice. 【解析】从句结构完整，point为抽象地点，用where作状语。 易错点三：that与which绝对边界 （一）只能用that，绝对不用which 1. 先行词被不定代词修饰：all, little, much, everything, nothing, anything 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 3. 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰 4. 先行词既有人又有物 5. 主句以Who/Which开头的特殊疑问句 （二）只能用which，绝对不用that 1. 介词之后引导定语从句（in which、for which） 2. 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开） 易错点四：非限制性定语从句4大隐形陷阱 1. 有逗号分隔，禁用that、关系词不可省略 2. which可指代整句话内容（高二超高频考点），that无此功能 例句：He lied to me, which made me very disappointed.（which指代整件事） 3. 先行词为专有名词、独一无二的事物，多用非限制性定语从句 4. 数词/代词+of+which/whom 为固定结构，不可用that 例句：He has three sons, two of whom are doctors. 易错点五：whose万能所属陷阱（极易被忽略） 误区：whose只能指代人。 正确规则：whose可指代人/物，表所属关系，可等价替换为 of which/of whom。 同义转换（高频改写考点）： the house whose roof is broken = the houseof which the roof is broken = the house the roof of which is broken 易错点六：the way特殊定语从句（超级易错固定句型） 致命误区：先行词为the way，误用how引导从句。 唯一正确规则： 先行词the way（方式、方法），从句缺方式状语，引导词只能用：that / in which / 省略 绝对不能用how！！！ 例句：I don’t like the way (that/in which) you talk to your parents. 易错点七：介词+关系代词 介词选择误区 介词三依据（必考）： 1. 依据从句动词固定搭配：depend on which, look forward to which 2. 依据先行词固定搭配：the reason for which, the price of which 3. 依据句子语义 高频固定搭配汇总： be familiar with which、be proud of which、devote to which 易错点八：as与which指代整句的区别（高二培优难点） 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句、指代整句话，极易混淆。 1. as：可置于句首/句中/句末，表“正如、如同”，带主动、预料含义 例句：As we all know, the earth is round. 2. which：只能置于句末，表“这一点”，带结果、意外含义 例句：He failed the exam, which surprised everyone. 易错点九：分隔式定语从句（高阶易错） 陷阱：先行词与定语从句被状语、谓语隔开，学生找不到先行词，误判引导词。 规则：定语从句可以后置分隔，修饰前面真正的先行词，只需还原句式判断成分。 例句：A new policy came out that benefits all students. 【解析】that修饰先行词a new policy，被谓语came out分隔。 四、定语从句极速解题步骤 第一步：找先行词（锁定修饰对象） 第二步：分析从句成分（缺主宾→代词；完整→副词） 第三步：核对特殊限制规则（最高级、only、介词后、逗号后） 第四步：排除易错干扰项（how、what绝对不引导定语从句） 五、终极避错口诀 定从做题看成分，缺宾缺主用代词； 句子完整用副从，地点抽象where通； 介后逗号不用that，最高唯一只用that； the way特殊要记牢，that/in which把词挑； 整句which放句末，as放句首正如道。 一、单项选择 1. I still remember the days ______ I spent with my grandparents in the countryside. A. when B. that C. where D. why 2. The reason ______ he gave for his being late was totally unbelievable. A. why B. for which C. that D. what 3. We’ve reached a stage ______ we have to make a final decision. A. which B. that C. where D. when 4. All ______ is needed for success is patience and persistence. A. which B. that C. what D. who 5. This is the very book ______ I have been looking for. A. which B. that C. what D. when 6. He missed the early bus, ______ made him late for school again. A. that B. which C. what D. who 7. There are 50 students in our class, half of ______ are good at English. A. them B. that C. whom D. which 8. I live in a house ______ window faces the beautiful lake. A. which B. that C. whose D. where 9. I don’t like the way ______ you speak to your elders. A. how B. what C. that D. which 10. This is the room ______ we once had a meeting. 11. The reason ______ he was absent from school was illness. A. why B. that C. which D. what 12. ______ is known to all, light travels faster than sound. A. Which B. As C. That D. What 13. A new rule has been made ______ can reduce students’ unnecessary burden. A. what B. that C. who D. where 14. This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever read. A. which B. that C. what D. when 15. The writer and his works ______ we talked about are very popular. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 16. I will never forget the moment ______ I won the first prize. A. that B. which C. when D. where 17. The dictionary ______ I paid 50 yuan is very useful. A. for which B. which C. that D. on which 18. He failed in the exam, ______ we had expected. A. which B. as C. that D. what 19. This is the only chance ______ we can seize to change our fate. A. which B. that C. what D. when 20. There is no case ______ we can break the school rules. A. that B. which C. where D. when 21．The old man ________ we met at the school gate is a famous writer. A．which B．who C．what D．where 22．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in my life. A．which B．what C．that D．when 23．We visited the village ________ my father was born twenty years ago. A．where B．which C．that D．what 24．The reason ________ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. A．why B．that C．which D．what 25．The book ________ cover is blue belongs to my deskmate. A．which B．that C．whose D．what 26．He has two sons, ________ are doctors in the local hospital. A．who B．that C．which D．what 27．This is the room ________ we lived last year. A．which B．in which C．that D．what 28．All ________ we need is enough time and patience to finish the task. A．which B．that C．what D．who 29．I will never forget the days ________ I studied with my best friends. A．when B．which C．that D．what 30．The man ________ you spoke just now is our English teacher. A．to whom B．who C．that D．which 一、单句语法填空 根据句意，填入合适的关系词 1．Anyone ________ breaks the school rules will be punished strictly. 2．The bike ________ I bought last month works very well. 3．We have reached a stage ________ we must make quick decisions. 4．This is the only chance ________ we can get to improve ourselves. 5．The writer ________ books are popular among teenagers is coming to our school. 6．I still remember the moment ________ I first met her. 7．The house in ________ we lived used to be an old warehouse. 8．There is nothing ________ can stop us from realizing our dreams. 9．He told me the reason ________ he refused the invitation. 10．The athletes, most of ________ are teenagers, performed wonderfully. 二、句型转换 1．The girl is my cousin. She is singing on the stage. (用定语从句合并句子) →The girl ________ ________ ________ on the stage is my cousin. 2．This is the park. We played games here last weekend. (用定语从句合并句子) →This is the park ________ we played games last weekend. 3．I like the book. Its stories are very moving. (用定语从句合并句子) →I like the book ________ stories are very moving. 4．The movie is very exciting. We watched it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) →The movie ________ ________ ________ yesterday is very exciting. 5．I will never forget the day. I joined the club on that day. (用定语从句合并句子) →I will never forget the day ________ I joined the club. 三、完成句子 根据句意和定语从句知识补全句子，每空一词 1．这就是我昨天谈论的那位老师。 This is the teacher ________ ________ ________ yesterday. 2．我们生活的时代充满了机遇和挑战。 The time ________ ________ ________ is full of chances and challenges. 3．他是唯一一个通过这次考试的学生。 He is the only student ________ ________ ________ the exam. 4．我喜欢那些乐于助人的人。 I like people ________ ________ ready to help others. 5．这是我参观过的最美丽的城市。 This is the most beautiful city ________ ________ ________. 四、短文语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. Life is full of small beautiful moments 1.________ we often ignore in our busy days. Last Sunday, I went to the old community 2._______my grandparents live. There I met an elderly lady 3.______ was watering flowers in the yard. The flowers 4.________ she planted were all in full bloom(盛开).She told me the story 5.________ I will always remember. Ten years ago, this yard was a messy place 6.________ no one cared about. She was the only person 7.________ decided to tidy it up. The reason 8.________ she kept on planting flowers is that she wanted to bring beauty to the whole community.The old lady, 9.________ kindness touched me deeply, taught me a lesson: small efforts can create great changes. This is the experience 10.________ makes my summer holiday meaningful. 五、英汉互译 1.我永远不会忘记和同学们一起度过的时光。（定语从句） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.帮助过你的人值得你感恩。（定语从句） _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.这就是我们去年举办运动会的操场。（定语从句） 4.成功属于那些永不放弃的人。（定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.The book which I borrowed from the library is very useful. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $