河南省普通高中2025-2026学年高二下学期5月阶段检测英语试题

河南省2027届普通高中学生5月学业水平检测 英语试题卷 本试题卷共10页，三大题，47小题，满分120分。考试时间100分钟。 注意事项： 1． 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2． 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。 3． 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The United States boasts a variety of theme parks offering unique experiences for visitors. From immersive storytelling to record-breaking rides, these destinations cater to different interests, making them perfect for family trips or thrill-seeking adventures. Universal’s Islands of Adventure Located in Orlando, Florida, Universal’s Islands of Adventure is renowned for its detailed themes. As visitors move between areas like Marvel Super Hero Island and Toon Lagoon, the background music seamlessly shifts to match each theme — a distinctive feature that enhances immersion. Popular attractions include Hagrid’s Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure and The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man. The Wizarding World of Harry Potter also hides 18 secret spots worth exploring. Kennywood Kennywood, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, preserves classic amusement park charm with retro rides such as swings and pirate ships. Its coasters range from mild to intense, including Phantom’s Revenge and the historic Thunderbolt. Classic dark rides like Noah’s Ark add nostalgic appeal. Cedar Point Situated on Lake Erie in Ohio, Cedar Point is a thrill-seeker’s paradise. It houses 18 roller coasters, including Millennium Force, the world’s first 300-foot-tall coaster. The lakeside location combines adrenaline-pumping rides with natural beauty. Dollywood In Tennessee, Dollywood celebrates Dolly Parton’s legacy through bluegrass performances, heritage reenactments, and rides like the Lightning Rod hybrid coaster. A newly added children’s area includes a calming room. The park also supports charity through the Dollywood Foundation. Nearby Gatlinburg offers mountain coasters for additional adventure. Whether seeking nostalgia, thrills, or cultural immersion, these parks provide unforgettable experiences. Visitors are encouraged to plan ahead for popular rides and explore nearby attractions to make the most of their trips. 1．What unique feature enhances the atmosphere at Universal’s Islands of Adventure? A．A calming room for children. B．Themed music changing between areas. C．Lakeside roller coasters. D．Heritage reenactments. 2．Which park is linked to a charity foundation named after it? A．Universal’s Islands of Adventure. B．Kennywood. C．Cedar Point. D．Dollywood. 3．This article is most likely from a ______. A．Historical research paper. B．Travel journal. C．Science textbook. D．Tourism advertisement. B It was in my second year in college. One day, Dr Martin was lecturing, and we were taking notes. Suddenly he stopped and fixed a cold stare on Luke beside me. Luke stared back, and crossed his arms over his chest. “What is your problem, young man?” the professor tried to calm down. “You,” Luke replied. “Me?” “Yeah, you and the boring course you’re teaching.” I sat in terror and surprise. I had never seen such a scene. “Get out of my class!” Dr Martin thundered. Luke put away his books and headed toward the classroom door. The door shut, and Dr Martin continued his lecture. However, I didn’t hear a word he said. My complete attention was on Luke who had stormed out of the classroom. Five minutes or so went by. Dr Martin stopped his lecture and asked, “What have I been lecturing about for the last five minutes?” I didn’t know. Nobody knew. The class was silent. Then, Dr Martin said to me, “John, go and tell Luke that he can come back in.” As Luke was making his way back to his seat, Dr Martin thanked him for his excellent acting job. We sat in stunned (震惊的) silence. And then, Dr Martin said something I would never forget. “You weren’t listening to my lecture. You were all thinking about Luke and our little conflict. Remember that when you start teaching, any time there is a disruption (扰乱) in class, you’ll lose your students’ attention.” It was one of the most useful lessons I ever learned in college. I became a teacher later, and over the years, my class was interrupted by various distractions. Every time I lost the class’s attention, I flashed back to the lesson Dr Martin taught me that day. I gave my students five minutes to discuss what had happened and then said cheerfully, “Let’s get back to today’s lesson!” 4．Why was the author unable to focus on the lecture after the conflict? A．He was scared by Dr Martin’s anger. B．His attention was fixed entirely on Luke. C．He was busy taking notes about the conflict. D．Dr Martin’s lecture was too boring to follow. 5．How did the students most probably feel after they knew the truth? A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Relieved. D．Disappointed. 6．Which words can best describe Dr Martin’s teaching style? A．Strict and traditional. B．Humorous and casual. C．Simple and repetitive. D．Creative and instructive. 7．What does the author want to tell us by writing the text? A．A strategy to attract students. B．A strategy to settle a conflict. C．A way to deal with a disruption. D．A way to discipline students. C A new study of e-sports gamers has found that sparkling water could be a better alternative to still water for those aiming to maintain concentration and alertness during extended periods of desk work. Gamers often rely on caffeine-rich drinks such as coffee or energy drinks to stay in the zone during long sessions. However, consuming these caffeinated drinks in large quantities poses significant potential health risks, including sleep disruption and increased heart burden. Researchers from the University of Tsukuba in Japan thus sought to investigate whether sparkling water could provide a safer and equally effective alternative. On two separate occasions, 14 casual gamers were asked to play virtual soccer for three hours. In one trial, they drank plain water; and in the other, they consumed sparkling water. Based on comprehensive measurements, including reaction speeds, pupil (瞳孔) size changes (a key indicator of tiredness), physical stress hormones, and self-reported exhaustion levels, the results clearly indicated that sparkling water was superior in sustaining attention levels and minimizing tiredness. Scientists propose a plausible theory behind this improvement. The carbon dioxide mixed in sparkling water interacts with specific sensory receptors in the mouth known as “transient receptor potential” (TRP) channels. This interaction triggers an increase in mental alertness, thereby enhancing cognitive performance during extended tasks. Beyond subjective feelings of alertness, players also reported enjoying the sessions more when drinking sparkling water. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that players committed fewer in-game errors while under its influence, although their overall offensive and defensive skills remained unchanged. “These findings demonstrate that sparkling water effectively reduces both subjective and objective signs of cognitive tiredness during extended e-sports performance,” the researchers concluded. Nevertheless, these results should be considered alongside the study’s funding sources. The research received partial financial support from a soft drink company that manufactures the sparkling water employed in the experiments, and two of the study’s authors work for this company. These financial links introduce potential conflicts of interest that may have biased the results. 8．What does the study focus on? A．A better option for sustained concentration. B．The effects of caffeine-rich drinks on games. C．Measures to reduce gaming-related tiredness. D．The role of TRP channels in mental alertness. 9．How did sparkling water affect gamers’ performance? A．By increasing physical stress levels. B．By reducing misplay during matches. C．By improving reaction speed significantly. D．By enhancing offensive and defensive skills. 10．What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A．The core logic of the improvement. B．The overall process of the research. C．The key factors for the improvement. D．The procedures for collecting experimental data. 11．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Hidden Dangers of Caffeine Drinks B．E-sports Gamer’s New Favorite: Sparkling Water C．A New Study on TRP Channels and Mental Alertness D．Sparkling Water — A Safer Choice for E-sports Gamers D The list of potential victims of artificial intelligence is long. It includes every business, all software engineers, privacy and humanity itself. But some of its expected effects are more popular than others. Most people can agree, for example, that AI will be doing workers a great favour if it gets rid of grunt work, the sort of repetitive tasks that take up too much of everyone’s days. Filling out expense claims, copying and pasting things into spreadsheets, trying to resize one of those stupid boxes in PowerPoint—if people were able to leave this grunt work to machines, they could devote more attention to higher-value tasks. Yet there is a case for keeping some of this grunt work. Repetitive tasks are not just mindless busywork. They can be a form of mental training, a way to build focus and discipline. They also provide a sense of small, regular wins that keep spirits high. Moreover, doing grunt work teaches you the nuts and bolts of a job, which make the whole system work smoothly. Skipping these steps can lead to ignorance of how things actually function, leaving you ill-equipped to solve real problems when they arise. Consider a young doctor who skips taking patient histories to focus on high-tech diagnostics. They may miss hidden clues that only emerge from routine questioning. A software engineer who never debugs code by hand will struggle to understand why a program fails. A manager who offloads all administrative work will lose the hands-on insight required for good decisions. Grunt work is not a waste of time; it is an investment in competence. Of course, not all grunt work is worth preserving. AI should eliminate the most soul-crushing, mind-numbing tasks that offer no learning value. But the line between useless busywork and valuable foundational practice is often unclear. The best approach is to use AI as a tool to reduce, not eliminate, grunt work. Let machines handle the worst of it, and keep the rest for humans to learn, grow, and stay grounded in the reality of their work. 12．Which is an example of grunt work? A．Designing a new software. B．Decoding a program failure. C．Reading patient histories. D．Making an innovative PowerPoint. 13．What does the underlined phrase ‌“nuts and bolts” mean in paragraph 2? A．Features. B．Fundamentals. C．Details. D．Routines. 14．Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A．AI should take over all grunt work in the workplace. B．Proper grunt work helps improve basic working abilities. C．Grunt work is meaningless and a waste of time and energy. D．AI can’t really help handle repetitive daily work efficiently. 15．What might be the title of the passage? A．Farewell, grunt work. B．Hello, grunt work. C．In place of grunt work. D．In praise of grunt work. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I used to love my nonstick pans, impressed by the ease of cleanup, until I learned that the plastic coating (涂层) may release toxins (毒素) when heated. Thus began my campaign to remove plastics from my life. 　16　 But I still had no clear idea what kinds of plastic were truly dangerous. I wanted to know my enemy. To be fair, plastics are amazing. Light, waterproof and stretchy, plastics have made modern life safer and cheaper. 　17　 Eighteen minutes after waking up, I admitted defeat. I could not turn on the light. Nor could I brush my teeth. No underwear or socks — if something stretches, it’s thanks to plastic. 　18　 Even the human body itself is part plastic. Curious to know how plastic I am, I got tested. The results showed 2.06 nanograms of PFAS in every milliliter of my blood — an “intermediate” level associated with a potential risk of harmful health effects. I then consulted Tracey Woodruff of UC San Francisco. People should just do what they can, she said. In the kitchen, opt for glass containers. Elsewhere in the home, replace microfiber towels with cotton ones. Another point Woodruff made stuck in my head. 　19　 So I turned my attention to my kids. Sheets and blankets matter because we breathe so close to the fibers for so many hours. 　20　 What worried me was my children growing up in a world where all the objects around them seem bound to hurt them. Throwing the pans out seemed, for now, like the least I could do. And the most I could do, too. A．I threw out obvious offenders. B．We depend heavily on plastics. C．I replaced my sons’ with cotton ones. D．I wanted to make life safer for my children. E．Children are among those most at risk from plastics. F．Plastic is not just everywhere in our homes, but everywhere. G．One day, I decided to see how long I could go without using plastic. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 At Texas A&M University, the halls of learning held more than just lectures and late-night study sessions. They held the footsteps of a(n) 　21　 mom who turned her dream into four college degrees. Jessica Caldwell, a mother of four, spent over a decade 　22　 the classrooms overnight, 　23　 more than 26,000 miles behind a cleaning cart (手推车). But what makes her story 　24　 isn’t just the distance she covered, it’s the 　25　 she made along the way. When her shift 　26　 at 5 a.m., she had just enough time to 　27　 her children before running to attend college courses. “I am 　28　 for two of the three buildings on the campus, and some of them have computers,” she said. “That let me work on my 　29　 during my lunch breaks instead of evenings.” Her full-time job made earning a traditional teaching degree 　30　 impossible, but the professors who saw her potential helped her find a (n) 　31　. By day, she studied in the classroom she cleaned by night, 　32　 late shifts into milestones. She has completed her bachelor’s and master’s degrees while raising four kids and working full-time, and now she’s 　33　 to earn her teacher’s license. “Just be 　34　 as far as continuing on something that you want to achieve,” Jessica Caldwell says. With a mop in one hand and a master’s degree in the other, Jessica proved that determination can 　35　 through the quiet corners of a university hallway. 21．A．curious B．gentle C．exhausted D．determined 22．A．sweeping B．decorating C．designing D．monitoring 23．A．measuring B．recording C．walking D．transporting 24．A．confusing B．amusing C．shocking D．inspiring 25．A．fortune B．impression C．adjustment D．journey 26．A．delayed B．approached C．ended D．changed 27．A．care for B．calm down C．cheer up D．hand over 28．A．famous B．responsible C．suitable D．anxious 29．A．proof B．application C．lecture D．assignment 30．A．nearly B．hardly C．merely D．genuinely 31．A．solution B．excuse C．target D．shortcut 32．A．reducing B．challenging C．translating D．transforming 33．A．hesitant B．ready C．opposed D．ashamed 34．A．independent B．innovative C．persistent D．generous 35．A．occupy B．shine C．drill D．guard 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Water plays a crucial role in shaping self-identity and our relationship with the environment. In Chinese culture, water is a fundamental symbol representing nature and harmony, deeply 　36　 (involve) in philosophy and mythology. It is 　37　 source of peace for ancient thinkers and is regarded as aesthetically (审美上) powerful in Chinese art and architecture, integrating the human world with the natural one. Chinese philosophy, 　38　 (particular) Daoism, views water as the model for cosmic (宇宙的) and social order. Daoism, formed in the 6th century BC, 　39　 (believe) humans should live in harmony with nature’s Dao — the natural flow of life. The Daode Jing emphasizes the virtues of water, illustrating 　40　 its qualities shape and guide the principles of social life and personal conduct to a remarkable extent. In Chinese art, the landscape concept of “shanshui” combines mountains — representing 　41　 (still), and water — representing change, symbolizing the harmony 　42　 brevity (短暂) and continuity in nature. Ancient Chinese architecture, such as Hongcun, integrates water systems 　43　 reflect the anatomy (解剖) of an ox, 　44　 (display) the human-nature balance. Water demonstrates our connection to nature and reminds us of 　45　 (environment) crises, like polluted rivers. They highlight the importance of remembering our ancestral ties to this essential element. 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你校英文报The Voice of Youth正在举办以“保护野生动物”为主题的征文活动。为了建设和谐的自然生态，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1． 野生动物的生存现状；2． 措施与倡议。 注意：1． 写作词数应为80个左右； 2． 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Protect Wild Animals 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Elvis was a dog with a big personality. If there was a chance to be silly, he would take it without hesitation. He loved hiding toys, spinning in dizzy circles beneath the old oak tree while chasing squirrels, and running away just far enough to make people chase him. Whenever he put on one of his little performances, Mrs. Carter, the lady next door, would lean over the fence, watching the naughty dog and shaking her head. Yet all it took to turn this little rebel (调皮鬼) into a perfect gentleman was a spoonful of peanut butter or his old tennis ball. Watching his playful nature every day, his owner Mikaela thought it might be fun to capture the world from Elvis’s point of view. So one day she bought a small GoPro camera (运动相机) and a special harness that a dog could wear. She imagined Elvis running happily while the camera recorded his little adventures. Mikaela was excited to try it, but Elvis turned out to be even more excited. On a sunny afternoon, golden light spilled across the yard, catching the edges of the bushes. The old oak tree cast shifting shadows on the grass, and a row of wildflowers swayed gently by the fence. Mikaela took Elvis outside to play and brought out the new camera. The moment Elvis saw the shiny little device, his eyes sparkled. Mikaela had barely held it out before Elvis snatched it away as quickly as a shark grabbing its food. “Oh no, not again!” Mrs. Carter called out from behind the fence. Before Mikaela could react, Elvis was racing across the yard with the GoPro in his mouth. “Hey! Elvis!” Mikaela shouted, running after him. But the more she chased him, the faster he ran. And the GoPro just stayed on the whole time! 注意：1． 续写词数应为150个左右； 2． 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mikaela chased after him, worried a lot. When Mikaela finally got the camera, she quickly checked it. 英语试题卷　第 1 页（共 4 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河南省2027届普通高中学生5月学业水平检测 英语参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B D B B A D C A B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D C B B D A G F E C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D A C D D C A B D A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A D B C B 1．B 2．D 3．B 【导语】文章介绍四座各具特色的美国主题乐园，分别主打沉浸式场景、复古游乐、刺激过山车与历史场景再现，能满足怀旧、探险等不同游玩需求，适合出行游玩参考。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“As visitors move between areas like Marvel Super Hero Island and Toon Lagoon, the background music seamlessly shifts to match each theme — a distinctive feature that enhances immersion.(当游客在诸如“漫威超级英雄岛”和“卡通湖”等不同区域之间穿梭时，背景音乐会自动切换，与每个主题完美契合——这一特色极大地增强了沉浸感)”可知，环球影城“冒险岛”景区独具特色之处在于各区域之间会切换不同的主题音乐。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The park also supports charity through the Dollywood Foundation.(该公园还通过多莉坞基金会开展慈善活动)”可知，多莱利公园与以它命名的慈善基金会有关联。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“The United States boasts a variety of theme parks offering unique experiences for visitors. From immersive storytelling to record-breaking rides, these destinations cater to different interests, making them perfect for family trips or thrill-seeking adventures.(美国拥有众多主题公园，为游客提供了独特的体验。从沉浸式的故事情节到打破纪录的游乐设施，这些景点迎合了各种不同的兴趣需求，非常适合家庭出游或寻求刺激的探险之旅)”结合文章介绍四座各具特色的美国主题乐园，分别主打沉浸式场景、复古游乐、刺激过山车与历史场景再现，能满足怀旧、探险等不同游玩需求，适合出行游玩参考。可知，这篇文章很可能是出自一本旅行日志。 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了马丁教授和学生卢克假意课堂争执，让全班分心，借此告诉师范生课堂突发干扰易分散学生注意力。作者从教后沿用此法妥善处理课堂意外。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, I didn’t hear a word he said. My complete attention was on Luke who had stormed out of the classroom. (然而，我什么也没听到。我的全部注意力都集中在冲出教室的卢克身上。)”可知，在卢克离开后，作者无法集中注意力听课是因为他的注意力完全在卢克的身上。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As Luke was making his way back to his seat, Dr Martin thanked him for his excellent acting job. We sat in stunned (震惊的) silence. ( 当卢克往自己的座位走去时，马丁教授感谢他出色的表现。我们呆呆地坐着，鸦雀无声。)”可知，学生们在得知这是一场表演后是一片震惊的安静，所以他们最可能是感到困惑，无法立刻反应。 6．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第四段“And then, Dr Martin said something I would never forget. “You weren’t listening to my lecture. You were all thinking about Luke and our little conflict. Remember that when you start teaching, any time there is a disruption (扰乱) in class, you’ll lose your students’ attention.” (然后，马丁教授说了一句话，我永远都不会忘记。“你根本没听我的讲课。”你们都在想着卢克以及我们之间的那场小冲突。记住这一点吧：当你开始授课时，一旦课堂出现任何干扰，你就会失去学生的注意力。”)”可知，马丁教授通过一场精心设计的课堂“冲突”给作者上了一堂关于如何应对课堂干扰的课，说明他的教学方法很有创意(creative) ，并且这一课对作者产生了深远的影响，说明他的教学方法富有教益(instructive)。由此可推知，马丁教授的教学风格是具有创造性和启发性。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Every time I lost the class’s attention, I flashed back to the lesson Dr Martin taught me that day. I gave my students five minutes to discuss what had happened and then said cheerfully, “Let’s get back to today’s lesson!” (每次我失去学生的注意力时，我都会回想起马丁博士那天给我的那堂课。我给学生们五分钟时间来讨论所发生的事情，然后愉快地说道：“让我们回到今天的课程吧！”)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是想告诉我们一种应对课堂干扰的方法。 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．D 【导语】文章介绍研究发现气泡水有助电竞玩家提神减失误，同时指出研究存在利益相关隐患。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study of e-sports gamers has found that sparkling water could be a better alternative to still water for those aiming to maintain concentration and alertness during extended periods of desk work. (一项针对电子竞技玩家的新研究发现，对于那些希望在长时间伏案工作中保持专注和警觉的人来说，气泡水可能是比不含气泡的水更好的选择。)”可知，这项研究关注的是一个更好的保持持续专注的选择。 9．细节理解题。根据第五段“Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that players committed fewer in-game errors while under its influence, although their overall offensive and defensive skills remained unchanged. (此外，统计分析显示，玩家在饮用气泡水后比赛中的失误更少，尽管他们的整体攻防技能并未发生变化。)”可知，气泡水通过减少比赛中的失误来影响游戏表现。 10．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Scientists propose a plausible theory behind this improvement. The carbon dioxide mixed in sparkling water interacts with specific sensory receptors in the mouth known as “transient receptor potential” (TRP) channels. This interaction triggers an increase in mental alertness, thereby enhancing cognitive performance during extended tasks. (科学家针对这一改善效果提出了合理理论。气泡水中的二氧化碳会与口腔内名为瞬时受体电位通道的特殊感官感受器产生反应。该反应能提升大脑警觉性，进而使人在长时间工作中拥有更佳的认知表现。)”可知，该段主要讲述了气泡水能提高玩家表现的原理，即这种改善的核心逻辑。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“A new study of e-sports gamers has found that sparkling water could be a better alternative to still water for those aiming to maintain concentration and alertness during extended periods of desk work. (一项针对电子竞技玩家的新研究发现，对于那些希望在长时间伏案工作中保持专注和警觉的人来说，气泡水可能是比不含气泡的水更好的选择。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现气泡水可能是电竞玩家保持专注和警觉的更好选择，且比富含咖啡因的饮料更安全，选项D“气泡水——电子竞技玩家的更安全选择”符合文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】文章主要讨论了人工智能对重复性工作(grunt work)的影响，指出尽管AI可以承担部分这类工作，但适当的重复性工作对提升个人能力和理解工作本质有重要作用。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Filling out expense claims, copying and pasting things into spreadsheets, trying to resize one of those stupid boxes in PowerPoint—if people were able to leave this grunt work to machines, they could devote more attention to higher-value tasks.(填写费用报销单、将内容复制粘贴到电子表格中、尝试调整PowerPoint中那些愚蠢的方框的大小——如果人们能把这些重复性工作交给机器处理，他们就可以把更多的注意力放在更有价值的任务上)”以及第三段中“Consider a young doctor who skips taking patient histories to focus on high-tech diagnostics.(想想一个年轻的医生，他跳过询问病人病史，专注于高科技诊断)”可知，询问病史属于重复性的基础工作，是重复性工作的一个例子。 13．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“doing grunt work teaches you the nuts and bolts of a job, which make the whole system work smoothly (做重复性工作能教会你工作的nuts and bolts，这些能让整个系统顺畅运转)”以及后文“Skipping these steps can lead to ignorance of how things actually function (跳过这些步骤会导致对事物实际运作方式的无知)”可推，nuts and bolts能让整个系统顺畅运转，如果不了解它，你将对事物实际运作方式一无所知。由此推它，nuts and bolts指的是工作的基本原理(Fundamentals)。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Repetitive tasks are not just mindless busywork. They can be a form of mental training, a way to build focus and discipline. They also provide a sense of small, regular wins that keep spirits high. Moreover, doing grunt work teaches you the nuts and bolts of a job, which make the whole system work smoothly.(重复性的任务不仅仅是无意识的忙碌工作。它们可以是一种心理训练，一种培养注意力和纪律性的方法。它们还能带来一种小小的、定期的胜利感，让人精神振奋。此外，做重复性工作可以教会你一项工作的基本原理，使整个系统顺利运转)”可知，作者认为是一种心理训练，一种培养注意力和纪律性的方法，可以教会你一项工作的基本原理，说明作者认为适当的重复性工作有助于提高基本工作能力。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“AI will be doing workers a great favour if it gets rid of grunt work (如果AI能消除重复性工作，它将为工人带来巨大的好处)”、第二段中“Yet there is a case for keeping some of this grunt work. (然而，保留一些重复性工作是有道理的)”、第三段中“Grunt work is not a waste of time; it is an investment in competence. (重复性工作不是浪费时间；它是对能力的投资)”和最后一段中“The best approach is to use AI as a tool to reduce, not eliminate, grunt work. Let machines handle the worst of it, and keep the rest for humans to learn, grow, and stay grounded in the reality of their work. (最好的方法是将人工智能作为一种工具来减少，而不是消除重复性的工作。让机器来处理最糟糕的工作，剩下的留给人类去学习、成长，并在工作的现实中保持脚踏实地)”可知，文章重点探讨了重复性工作的价值——它是一种基础训练，能帮助人们掌握工作的基本原理、培养专注力和纪律性，而非完全被AI取代。作者整体上是在为重复性工作辩护和赞扬。故“In praise of grunt work (赞扬重复性工作)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。 16．A 17．G 18．F 19．E 20．C 【导语】文章讲述了作者因不粘锅涂层毒素决心远离塑料，尝试无塑生活受挫，体检发现体内含塑料物质，随后采纳建议更换居家用品，格外重视保护孩子健康。 【详解】16．根据上文“I used to love my nonstick pans, impressed by the ease of cleanup, until I learned that the plastic coating (涂层) may release toxins (毒素) when heated. Thus began my campaign to remove plastics from my life.(我过去很喜欢我的不粘锅，因为它们清洗起来非常方便。但后来我了解到，这种塑料涂层在受热时可能会释放出有害物质。于是，我开始了去除塑料制品从我生活中的一系列行动)”以及后文“But I still had no clear idea what kinds of plastic were truly dangerous. I wanted to know my enemy.(但我仍然不清楚究竟哪些种类的塑料才是真正危险的。我想要弄清楚这些“敌人”究竟是什么)”可知，上文提到作者得知不粘锅塑料涂层可能有毒后，开始了清除生活中塑料的行动，下文转折说不清楚哪种塑料真的危险。A选项“我扔掉了明显有问题的塑料制品”，承接“开始行动”，引出下文的转折，逻辑通顺。 17．根据上文“To be fair, plastics are amazing. Light, waterproof and stretchy, plastics have made modern life safer and cheaper.(客观来说，塑料用途十分出色。它质地轻便、防水且富有弹性，让现代生活变得更安全、成本也更低廉)”以及后文“Eighteen minutes after waking up, I admitted defeat. I could not turn on the light. Nor could I brush my teeth. No underwear or socks — if something stretches, it’s thanks to plastic.(醒来十八分钟后，我承认自己彻底没救了。我无法打开灯，也无法刷牙。没有内衣，也没有袜子——如果有什么东西可以拉伸，那都是因为塑料的缘故)”可知，上文先客观说明塑料的优点，下文提到没办法不用塑料，G选项“一天，我决定试试自己不用塑料能坚持多久”，正好引出下文尝试失败的结果，衔接完美。 18．根据后文“Even the human body itself is part plastic. Curious to know how plastic I am, I got tested. The results showed 2.06 nanograms of PFAS in every milliliter of my blood — an “intermediate” level associated with a potential risk of harmful health effects.(就连人体本身也含有一定量的塑料成分。出于好奇，我决定进行检测。检测结果显示，我血液中的全氟和多氟烷基物质含量为每毫升2.06纳克——这一数值处于“中等”水平，可能对健康造成潜在危害)”可知，下文递进说“甚至人体本身都含有塑料”，F选项“塑料不止在我们家无处不在，它哪里都有”，刚好构成递进，引出“人体也有塑料”的内容，符合逻辑。 19．根据上文“I then consulted Tracey Woodruff of UC San Francisco. People should just do what they can, she said. In the kitchen, opt for glass containers. Elsewhere in the home, replace microfiber towels with cotton ones. Another point Woodruff made stuck in my head.(随后，我咨询了加州大学旧金山分校的特蕾西·伍德鲁夫。她说，人们应该尽力去做力所能及的事情。在厨房里，应选择玻璃容器。在家中其他地方，应将微纤维毛巾换成棉质的。伍德鲁夫还提出的一个观点深深地印在了我的脑海里)”可知，上文提到专家给出了替换塑料制品的建议，还有一个观点让作者记在心里，下一段说“So I turned my attention to my kids.(所以我把注意力转移到了孩子身上)”，说明专家的观点和孩子有关，E选项“儿童是受塑料危害风险最高的群体之一”，正好引出作者关注孩子的结果，因果逻辑通顺。 20．根据上文“So I turned my attention to my kids. Sheets and blankets matter because we breathe so close to the fibers for so many hours.(于是，我开始关注起我的孩子们来。床单和被子很重要，因为我们在睡觉时会与这些纤维紧密接触，而且这种接触持续的时间很长)”可知，上文提到作者开始关注孩子，提到孩子的床品很重要（因为长时间接触纤维），C选项“我把儿子们的床品换成了棉的”，承接上文作者针对孩子床品采取的行动，再引出下文作者的担忧，衔接自然。 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文讲述四个孩子的母亲考德威尔一边全职在校保洁、抚养孩子，一边坚持求学并拿下多个大学学位的励志故事。 【详解】21．考查形容词。句意：它们留存着一位意志坚定的母亲的足迹，她将梦想变成了四个大学学位。A. curious好奇的；B. gentle温柔的；C. exhausted疲惫的；D. determined坚定的。根据后文“With a mop in one hand and a master’s degree in the other, Jessica proved that determination can ____ through the quiet corners of a university hallway.”可知，这位母亲兼顾工作、育儿与学业、坚持追梦，性格坚定。 22．考查动词。句意：四个孩子的母亲杰西卡·考德威尔十多年来通宵清扫教室，推着清洁手推车累计行走超两万六千英里。A. sweeping清扫；B. decorating装饰；C. designing设计；D. monitoring监控。根据后文“cleaning cart”可知，她的工作是打扫卫生。 23．考查动词。句意同上。A. measuring测量；B. recording记录；C. walking行走；D. transporting运输。根据下文“ behind a cleaning cart”并结合结合清洁工作场景可知，此处指推着车步行劳作。 24．考查形容词。句意：但让她的故事鼓舞人心的不只是她走过的路程，更是她一路走来的人生历程。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. amusing有趣的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文“ When her shift ____ at 5 a.m., she had just enough time to ____ her children before running to attend college courses.”可知，她边工作边求学追梦的经历十分励志。 25．考查名词。句意同上。A. fortune运气；B. impression印象；C. adjustment调整；D. journey历程、旅程。根据下文“she made along the way”可知，此处指代她多年奋斗、追梦的人生经历。 26．考查动词。句意：当她凌晨五点的班次结束时，她仅有足够时间照顾孩子，然后赶去上大学课程。A. delayed推迟；B. approached临近；C. ended结束；D. changed改变。根据后文“before running to attend college courses”可知，保洁工作结束后赶着去上课。 27．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. care for照顾；B. calm down冷静；C. cheer up振作；D. hand over移交。根据上文“a mother of four,”可知，作为母亲，她要照料孩子。 28．考查形容词。句意：她说：“我负责校园里三栋教学楼中的两栋，其中一些楼里配有电脑。”A. famous著名的；B. responsible负责的；C. suitable合适的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“behind a cleaning cart”可知，作为保洁人员，她负责打扫两栋教学楼。 29．考查名词。句意：“这让我可以在午休时间完成作业，而不用等到晚上。”A. proof证明；B. application申请；C. lecture讲座；D. assignment作业。根据上文“attend college courses.”可知，身为学生，她利用电脑完成学业作业。 30．考查副词。句意：全职工作让获取常规教学学位几乎不可能，但看到她潜力的教授帮她找到了解决办法。A. nearly几乎；B. hardly几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. genuinely真诚地。结合下文“but the professors who saw her potential helped her”推测，兼顾全职工作与学业难度极大，几乎无法完成。 31．考查名词。句意同上：A. solution解决办法；B. excuse借口；C. target目标；D. shortcut捷径。根据下文“By day, she studied in the classroom she cleaned by night, ____ late shifts into milestones. She has completed her bachelor’s and master’s degrees while raising four kids and working full-time”可知，教授帮助她解决求学难题。 32．考查动词。句意：白天，她在自己夜间打扫的教室学习，将晚班转变为人生里程碑。A. reducing减少；B. challenging挑战；C. translating翻译；D. transforming转变。结合下文“late shifts into milestones”可知，她把晚班转变为人生里程碑。 33．考查形容词。句意：她在抚养四个孩子、从事全职工作的同时取得了学士与硕士学位，如今她已准备好考取教师资格证。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. ready准备好的；C. opposed反对的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“She has completed her bachelor’s and master’s degrees”可知，完成硕学士学位后，她准备考取从业证书。 34．考查形容词。句意：Jessica Caldwell说：“对于自己想要实现的事情，一定要坚持不懈。”A. independent独立的；B. innovative创新的；C. persistent坚持不懈的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“on something that you want to achieve”并结合杰西卡坚持梦想的故事可知，对于自己想要实现的事情，要坚持不懈。 35．考查动词。句意：一只手拿着拖把，另一只手握着硕士学位证书，杰西卡证明了意志力能在大学走廊僻静的角落绽放光芒。A. occupy占据；B. shine闪耀、发光；C. drill训练；D. guard守护。根据上文“Jessica proved that determination can”和下文“the quiet corners of a university hallway”可知，她凭借毅力在平凡岗位上逆袭追梦，让普通的角落因奋斗而焕发光彩，此处指决心可以照亮学校最安静的角落。 36．involved 37．a 38．particularly 39．believes 40．how 41．stillness 42．between 43．that/which 44．displaying 45．environmental 【导语】文章主要讲述了水在中国文化、哲学、艺术及建筑中的象征意义及作用。 【详解】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国文化中，水是代表自然与和谐的基本象征，深深融入哲学与神话之中。本空在句中作状语，且involve与逻辑主语water之间是被动关系，用过去分词involved。 37．考查冠词。句意：它是古代思想家和平的源泉，在中国艺术和建筑中被认为是具有审美力量的，将人类世界与自然世界融为一体。此处表示泛指“一个和平的源泉”，source以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 38．考查副词。句意：中国哲学，特别是道家，将水视为宇宙和社会秩序的典范。本空在句中修饰Daoism，作状语，用副词particularly“特别地，尤其”。 39．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：道家形成于公元前6世纪，认为人类应该与自然的“道”——生命的自然流动——和谐相处。句子描述的一般事实，用一般现在时，主语Daoism为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数believes。 40．考查名词性从句。句意：《道德经》强调水的美德，说明水的品质如何在很大程度上塑造和指导社会生活和个人行为的原则。本空引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语，表示“如何”，用连接副词how。 41．考查名词。句意：在中国艺术中，“山水”的景观概念结合了山——代表静止，和水——代表变化，象征着自然中短暂与连续的和谐。本空在句中作representing的宾语，用名词stillness“静止”。 42．考查介词。句意：在中国艺术中，“山水”的景观概念结合了山——代表静止，和水——代表变化，象征着自然中短暂与连续的和谐。between...and...是固定短语，意为“在……和……之间”。 43．考查定语从句。句意：例如宏村这样的中国古代建筑，融入契合牛躯体轮廓的水系，展现人与自然的平衡。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词water systems，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which或that。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国古代建筑，如宏村，整合了反映牛解剖结构的水系统，展示了人与自然的平衡。本空在句中作结果状语，表示前面整合水系统所导致的结果，用现在分词displaying，表示自然而然的结果。 45．考查形容词。句意：水展示了我们与自然的联系，并提醒我们注意环境危机，如河流污染。本空在句中修饰名词crises，用形容词environmental“环境的”，作定语。 46．Protect Wild Animals Currently, many wild animals are in danger. Their habitats are being destroyed, and illegal hunting has pushed some species to the edge of extinction, breaking the ecological balance. To help, the government should make stricter laws and build more nature reserves. As students, we can spread the message of protection and refuse to buy products made from endangered animals. Wild animals are our friends. Let’s take action now. Only by protecting them can we build a harmonious natural home together. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，围绕 “保护野生动物” 主题投稿，介绍野生动物的生存现状，并提出保护措施与倡议，倡导共建和谐自然生态。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 破坏：destroy → damage 灭绝：extinction → dying out 禁止：refuse → decline 和谐的：harmonious → peaceful 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Their habitats are being destroyed, and illegal hunting has pushed some species to the edge of extinction, breaking the ecological balance. 拓展句：Their habitats are being destroyed, and illegal hunting has pushed some species to the edge of extinction, which breaks the ecological balance. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Their habitats are being destroyed, and illegal hunting has pushed some species to the edge of extinction, breaking the ecological balance.（运用现在分词breaking作结果状语） 【高分句型 2】Only by protecting them can we build a harmonious natural home together.（运用only+状语倒装句） 47． Mikaela chased after him, worried a lot. She knew the camera was not cheap, and she was afraid Elvis would drop it somewhere or chew it into pieces. Elvis darted under the old oak tree, leaped over the low flower bed by the fence, and paused for a second to bark playfully at Mrs. Carter before dashing toward her open garden gate. By the time Mikaela caught up to him at the far end of Mrs. Carter’s rose bush, Elvis had plopped down on the grass, wagging his tail like he had just won a great game. He even dropped the camera at Mikaela’s feet as if presenting a trophy, a silly grin on his furry face. When Mikaela finally got the camera, she quickly checked it. Much to her surprise, the camera was still in one piece, and it had recorded the entire run. She pulled up the footage to watch: the shaking grass, the swaying wildflowers blurring past, Mrs. Carter’s laughing face leaning in, and even the close-up of Elvis’s paws pounding on the grass. It was exactly the playful, wonderful adventure she had hoped to capture. When she shared the video online, it quickly went viral, and everyone fell in love with the silly, charming dog. Even Mrs. Carter kept a framed photo of Elvis taken from his own run-by shot on her kitchen windowsill. 【导语】本文以宠物狗埃尔维斯和运动相机为线索展开，讲述了主人米凯拉想给爱犬戴相机拍它视角的冒险，埃尔维斯却抢了相机乱跑，米凯拉连忙追赶的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写米凯拉担心相机损坏，紧追埃尔维斯，最终埃尔维斯在卡特太太的玫瑰丛旁停下，把相机当战利品献给主人。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写米凯拉检查相机，发现完好无损还录下了完整素材，分享后走红，大家都爱上了这只淘气可爱的小狗。 2. 续写线索：担心相机——追逐埃尔维斯——狗停下献相机——检查相机发现完好——视频走红受喜爱——卡特太太也珍藏狗的照片 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①摇摆：wag/swing ②拍摄：capture/shoot 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②爱上：fall in love with/lose one’s heart to 【点睛】[高分句型1] She knew the camera was not cheap, and she was afraid Elvis would drop it somewhere or chew it into pieces. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] When she shared the video online, it quickly went viral, and everyone fell in love with the silly, charming dog. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $