必修2 4 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、阅读、写作核心考点，按“基础词汇-拓展应用-语篇实战”逻辑架构，涵盖熟词生义、构词法、经典句型等内容，通过考点梳理（如词汇分类归纳）、方法指导（构词法规律总结）、真题训练（2023全国甲卷阅读解析）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破难点。 讲义注重语言能力和思维品质培养，创新设计“词汇语境运用+读后续写情感素材库”，如“with复合结构”通过原句分析、仿写、句式升级三步训练，结合分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升）和即时应用（应用文模板、续写微场景补全），保障复习效率，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

注表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ.阅读单词 1.Confucius 　　　 孔子 2.mansion n. 公馆；宅第 3.cemetery n. 墓地；公墓 4.philosophy n. 哲学 5.descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙 6.heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 7.Achilles’ heel (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 8.kingdom n. 王国；领域 9.currency n. 通货；货币 10.military adj. 军事的；军用的 11.landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 12.ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先 13.courtyard n. 庭院；院子 14.county n. 郡；(美国的)县 15.feast n. 盛宴；宴会；节日 16.cattle n. 牛 17.scent n. 气味；气息 18.stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi. 炖；煨 19.sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的 20.transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁 21.wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒 22.beer n. (一杯)啤酒 Ⅱ.核心单词 1.individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人 2.chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长 3.nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近 4.conquer vt. 占领；征服；控制 5.battle n. 战役；搏斗 vi.& vt. 搏斗；奋斗 6.port n. 港口(城市) 7.charge n. 收费；指控；主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电；冲 8.amount n. 金额；数量 v. 合计，共计 9.gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊 10.approach n. 方法；途径；接近 vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近 11.ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保 12.butter n. 黄油；奶油 vt. 涂黄油于 13.honey n. 蜂蜜 14.position n. 位置；姿态；态度，立场；处境；职位 vt. 安装；安置 15.snack n. 点心；小吃 16.roll vi.& vt. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n. 卷(轴)；翻滚 17.dot n. 点；小(圆)点 vt. 加点；遍布 18.roar vi.& n. 吼叫；咆哮；放声大笑 19.ocean n. 大海；海洋 20.pub n. 酒吧；酒馆 学生用书⬇第98页 Ⅲ.拓展单词 1.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n.[U]归属；[pl.]动产，财物 3.defence(US defense) n.防御；保卫→defend v.防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的 4.legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→legally adv.法律上地 5.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.环境 6.evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj.明显的 7.greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n.问候；致意 8.location n.地方；地点；位置→locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→located adj.坐落于；位于 9.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v.使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的 10.striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n.罢工 11.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 12.poet n.诗人→poem n.诗歌→poetry n.诗歌(总称) 13.custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯→customer n.顾客→customs n.海关 14.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n.宣布；通知→announcer n.广播员；解说员 15.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现 16.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n.慷慨；大方 17.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.热切；渴望 构词法：名词后缀-ness：表示状态或品质 直接加-ness ①sad→sadness悲伤 ②weak→weakness弱点 ③kind→kindness善良 ④calm→calmness平静 ⑤tired→tiredness 疲惫 ⑥quiet→quietness安静 把y→i再加-ness ⑦lonely→loneliness孤独 ⑧happy→happiness幸福 Ⅳ.重点短语 1.join...to...　　　　　　 把……和……连接或联结起来 2.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱 3.belong to 属于 4.as well as 同(一样也)；和；还 5.keep your eyes open (for) 留心；留意 6.add...to... 把……添加到……中 7.refer to 谈到；查阅；指的是 8.take over 接收；接管 9.leave behind 把……抛在后面；留下；遗留 10.have a great influence on 对……有极大影响 Ⅴ.经典句型 1.句型：if的省略结构 So what is the difference between them，if any？ 如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？ 2.句型：have sth done They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system. 他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。 3.句型：with复合结构 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 学生用书⬇第99页 break away (from sb/sth) 突然离开；脱离；背叛；逃脱 先练透　break短语填空/完成句子 ①My dog suddenly broke away from me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely. (动作链描写) ②He was charging his mobile phone when the fire broke out. ③Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to break up our marriage. ④听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。 (续写神态描写) He broke down at the news，tears pouring down his cheeks. 后归纳 break down　　 (机器等)出故障； (身体)垮掉，(精神)崩溃； 失败； 分解 break in 闯入，强行进入 break out 突然发生 break up 粉碎； 分裂； (婚姻等)结束 belong vi.应在(某处)；适应；合得来(belonging n.(U)归属；(pl.)所有物；财产) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The house belonging (belong)to us was burnt to the ground，but we didn’t lose hope and decided to rebuild it with the help of the government. ②It is because of your generous assistance that I soon developed a sense of belonging(belong) and adapted to the new surroundings. ③男孩把书放在原处，尽量轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。 (续写动作细节) Putting the book where it belongs，the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible. 后归纳 (1)belong to　　　　　　 是……的成员；属于；应归入 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感 as well as 同(一样也)；和；还 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited (invite) to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony. ②“我保证会信守诺言，”我补充道，同时把手表和名片递给他。 (2024·新课标卷；读后续写) “I promise I will keep my word.” I added，handing him my watch as well as my business card. ③她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。(续写情感描写) Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart seemed to be torn as well. 后归纳 (1)as well as意为“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构，连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 (2)as well意为“也；又；还”，位于句末。 (3)may/might (just) as well do sth 最好还是做某事；不妨做某事 surround vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n.环境) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Bathed in sunshine，players competed against their teachers in the basketball field surrounded(surround) by the rest of students who were watching excitedly. (体育比赛) ②Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings(surround)？ ③In addition，there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding (surround) environment. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ④交一些高度自律的朋友很有益。(建议信) It is of great benefit to surround yourself with people who have a high level of self-discipline. 后归纳 surround ...with ...　 用……包围/围绕…… be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围 学生用书⬇第100页 charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The generous owner charging me nothing for the noodles，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up in my heart. (续写情感描写) ②恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴，跳起来扑向我，好像要把我一口吃掉似的。 (续写情境描写) The fierce wolf，opening its bloody mouth，sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up in one gulp. ③我是李华，负责我校广播电台开设的名为“Talk and Talk”的英语专栏。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷；人物介绍) I’m Li Hua，in charge of the English column titled Talk and Talk launched in the broadcasting station of our school. 后归纳 (1)in charge　　　　　　 主管；看管 in charge of 掌握；负责 in the charge of 在……掌管之下 take charge of 掌管；负责；控制 (2)free of charge 免费 (3)charge sb for... 因……向某人收费 charge sb with sth 控告某人某事 amount n.数量；金额 v.总计，共计； 等于 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Huge amounts of money are spent(spend) on applying modern design techniques to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible. ②当他意识到她所经历的痛苦和磨难时，眼泪顺着他的脸流了下来。 (情绪描写) Tears streamed down his face when he realized the amount of pain and sufferings she had gone through. ③为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。 (建议信) In order to keep healthy，a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary. ④暑假期间我总共挣了200美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。 (续写细节描写) The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 200 dollars，which could help support my family. 后归纳 (1)the amount of...　　……的数量 (2)“大量/少量的”表达： a large/small amount of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 large/small amounts of＋不可数名词，谓语动词用复数 amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 approach n.接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to learning(learn) English beyond the classroom. (2022·全国乙卷；短文投稿) ②Approaching (approach) the finish line，he burst into a big toothy smile and waved to me with excitement. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷；兴奋神情描写) ③当我走近时，我看到他靠在车上，脸上带着温暖的微笑。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷；动作＋神情描写) As I approached，I spotted him leaning against his car，a warm smile on his face. 后归纳 (1)an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 (2)be approaching 正在/将要接近 (3)approach sth/sb 接近某物/某人 学生用书⬇第101页 句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式 【教材原句】　So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们之间有什么区别呢？ 先练透　完成句子 ①如果你方便的话，我们早上八点半在学校门口外见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时间最适合你。 If it is convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.If not，let me know what time suits you best. ②这种善意的行为对我产生了持久的影响。即使多年以后，只要有可能，我总是尽力帮助别人。 (续写主旨升华) This kind act has a lasting influence on me and I always give others a helping hand if possible even so many years later. ③你害怕其他学校的孩子会嘲笑你吗？如果是这样，我认为让别人阻止你去做你想做的事情是没有必要的。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Are you afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at you？ If so，I think it’s not necessary to have other people prevent you from doing what you want to do. 后归纳 if any　　　　　　 如果有的话 if not 如果不是这样的话 if so 如果是这样的话 if ever 如果曾有的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果可能的话 句型公式：with复合结构 【教材原句】　The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 先练透　完成句子/句式升级 ①因为要听一个重要的讲座，本周日我不能和你郊游了。 (道歉信) With an important lecture meeting to attend，I can’t go outing with you this Sunday. ②他脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，我哥哥伸出手臂抱住了我。 (2025·全国一卷；情感描写) With a broad smile spreading across his face，my brother extended his arms and hugged me. ③所有准备工作都已完成，他欣喜若狂地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 With all the preparations made，he jumped with joy，his eyes glittering with excitement. ④Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes. (心理描写) →Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes. (with复合结构) →Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes. (独立主格结构) 后归纳 with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词； (2)with＋宾语＋doing表示主动或进行； (3)with＋宾语＋done表示被动或完成； (4)with＋宾语＋to do表示将来的动作。 学生用书⬇第102页 1.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑(puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的) 【诵读领悟】 ①What puzzles Lily’s friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. (2021·天津3月卷；心理描写) 令莉莉的朋友困惑的是，为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。 ②I have been thinking over this problem for quite a long time，but it is still a puzzle to me.我思考这个问题很长时间了，但它对我来说仍然是一个谜。 ③His puzzled glance made me realize I’d asked the wrong question.他疑惑的目光让我意识到自己问的这个问题可能不太恰当。 【佳句仿写】 他站在窗边，脸上有种困惑的表情。 He stood beside the window，with a puzzled look on his face. a puzzle to sb　 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 a puzzled look 困惑的表情 2. eager adj.渴望的；热切的(eagerly adv.热切地；急切地 eagerness n.热切；渴望) 【诵读领悟】 ①Soon，it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home，she began to drive faster. (续写心理描写) 很快，天开始下起大雨来。她急于回家，开始加快车速。 ②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday，the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness. (心理描写) 当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候，他无法掩饰他的渴望。 ③Upon our arrival at home，Angela ran to the garbage for the carpet with eagerness/eagerly but couldn’t find it.我们一到家，安吉拉就急切地跑向垃圾箱去找地毯，但没找到。 【佳句仿写】 每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。(主旨升华) Everyone is eager for success/is eager to succeed，but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering. be eager for sth　　　　　 渴望得到某物 with eagerness＝eagerly 热切地；急切地 hide one’s eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.As dusk fell，he was in panic wandering alone in the forest.He could even hear lions roaring (roar)in the near distance. 2.Charged (charge) with stealing things in the shop，the lady stood there，hanging her head in shame.(续写情感描写) 3.(2024·新课标卷；读后续写改编)Finally，with just two minutes left(leave) we rolled into the bus station.Thankfully，there was a long queue(队列) still waiting to board the bus. 4.If you stand on the top of that building nearby，you can see that the sky is dotted (dot) with bright stars. 5.(2024·浙江1月卷)She started by memorizing the location (locate) of her classrooms and slowly expanded her knowledge to include nearby hallways and common areas. 6.(2024·北京卷)I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement(announce). 学生用书⬇第103页 7.Now that they have made great achievements (achieve)，they are looking forward to the celebration eagerly (eager). 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义、一词多义 猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1.(2025·全国一卷)New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge. n.充电 2.I rolled the string into a ball. vt.使……成球状 3.The club has made an approach to a local company for sponsorship. n.建议 4.Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. vi.竞争 根据语境选择加黑词的含义 5.custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯 Every year，John’s family had a custom① to celebrate Thanksgiving.John’s favourite part was eating the delicious turkey and pumpkin pie.Besides this，he had a personal custom② of writing a thank-you note to each family member，which everyone appreciated. ①n.风俗；习俗　②n.习惯 6.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 During the trip，Mr.Smith was very generous① with his time，helping students understand the historical sites.He also brought a generous② amount of snacks for everyone to enjoy. ①adj.慷慨的；大方的　②adj.丰富的 7.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)(生义)；使……拥挤 vi.聚集；涌向 ①The crowd celebrated the national holiday with a parade. n.民众 ②A large crowd gathered in the square to watch the New Year’s fireworks. n.人群 ③Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby church for the wedding. vi.聚集；涌向 ④On hearing what he said，a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain. vt.(想法或观点)涌入(头脑) 8.position　 n.位置；姿态；职位；处境(生义) vt.安装；安置 ①Being in a difficult position，she had to make a tough decision about her future. n.处境 ②(2025·北京卷)In the ninth grade，I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. n.职位 ③(2023·全国乙卷)The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. n.位置 ④She stood with a confident position，her head held high and her shoulders back. n.姿态 ⑤They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars，which were positioned on the hill. vt.安装；安置 Ⅱ.构词法 构词法 前缀inter-表示“相互”、“在……之中” 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.(2025·北京卷)Join us for TransForm，the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. adj.互动的、交互式的 2.(2019·北京卷)They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent. n.互相依赖 3.The success of a project often depends on how well team members interrelate and communicate with each other. vi.相互关联 4.Effective interpersonal communication skills are essential for building strong relationships in both personal and professional settings. adj.人际的 5.The interconnection of different cultures through globalization has led to a more diverse and enriched world. n.相互连接 学生用书⬇第104页 Part 1.应用文增分练(短文—介绍景点) 　　假设你是李华，市留学信息网站新增了名为《最美中华》的栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢的或去过的地方，内容包括：1.该地情况；2.该地特色；3.你的感受。 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文 【布局谋篇】 开篇：点明介绍的景点 My Favourite Place 　　①When it comes to the place I like most(说到我最喜欢的地方)，my hometown should be given priority！ 中段：基本情况＋特色 　　②Located in the west part of China(位于中国西部)，my hometown is not very large in size and population，but it does have virtually striking attractions.Its peaceful landscape ③is a true feast for the eyes，with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages(可爱的乡村点缀其间，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴).The green trees，rolling mountains and bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.④Wandering in the beautiful scenery，breathing the scent of fresh flowers(漫步在美景之中，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳)，you’ll feel every day filled with peace and joy. 结尾：印象与感受 　　With all this beauty，it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart. 【多元表达】 ⑤The green trees，rolling mountains and bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.(升级加黑词) →The green trees，rolling mountains as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated. Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“后悔、内疚、自责” 【语言素材】 形容词/ 副词 guilty，regretful，guiltily 名词/ 动词 guilt，regret 脸 ①have guilt written all over one’s face满脸内疚；②a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情 笑/泪 ①a regretful smile歉意的微笑；②regretful tears/tears of regret悔恨的泪水；③give a regretful smile遗憾的笑 眼神 ①a regretful/guilty look遗憾/内疚的眼神；②one’s eyes be full of guilt/regret眼里满是内疚/悔恨 声音 ①in a regretful/guilty voice用遗憾/后悔/内疚的声音；②hear the regret/guilt in one’s voice听出某人声音中的遗憾/内疚 心 ①feel guilty about对……感到内疚；②be full of/be consumed with guilt/regret满心愧疚/悔恨；③be overcome/consumed/overwhelmed/seized by feelings of guilt愧疚难当 其他 ①drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中；②much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是；③with deep/great regret很遗憾地；④a feeling/wave of guilt/guilty feelings内疚感 学生用书⬇第105页 【靓句表达】 1.On hearing the bad news，she lowered down her head with great guilt，tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.听到这个坏消息，她非常内疚地低下了头，悔恨的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 2.So honest was the little boy that the wife was struck a great deal，guilt written on her flushing/burning face. 小男孩诚实的品质让妻子深受触动，红红的脸上写满了愧疚。 3.I froze，drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with her！ 我愣住了，沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊！ 4.With regretful tears welling up in my eyes，I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann. 我眼里涌出懊悔的泪水，冲下楼向安道歉。 5.She was consumed with guilt after lying to her parents about the broken vase. 她向父母隐瞒了打碎花瓶的事，之后一直深陷内疚。 6.I forgot my best friend’s birthday，and a wave of guilt hit me when I saw her lonely post. 我忘了挚友的生日，看到她落寞的帖子时，一阵内疚感涌上心头。 续写语料运用　用表“后悔、内疚、自责”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“友谊”——和朋友发生矛盾后的“后悔、内疚、自责” 　　As I stared at Ann’s face wet with tears，①guilt and regret flooded me in waves (歉疚和后悔一阵阵涌上我的心头).She cast me an angry glance and cried，“How silly I am to befriend you！” Then，she stormed out before I could utter a word.②The regret and anger in her voice shocked me (她声音中的悔恨和愤怒让我震惊).I froze，drowning in ③feelings of guilt (内疚感).If only I had not quarreled with her！ ④With regretful tears welling up in my eyes (眼睛涌出悔恨的泪水；with复合结构)，I dashed downstairs to apologize to Ann.I hated how my thoughtless words had torn through her trust，leaving a gap I feared might never fully heal.I called her name repeatedly，praying she hadn’t gone too far and that I’d get the chance to say how truly sorry I was. (2023·全国甲卷·阅读C) I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World.It was full of ideas that were new to me，so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学). That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college.Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault，Baudrillard，or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them. 　　Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express：In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy.It is not an explanation，but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. 　　Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This，more than a book about understanding philosophy，is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life. He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences，and he does so with plenty of humor.Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history，and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation. 学生用书⬇第106页 　　The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and aging.The invitation is clear：Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.I encourage you to take his offer.It’s worth your time，even if time is something we don’t have a lot of. [做真题]——感悟高考考法 28.Who opened the door to philosophy for the author？ A.Foucault. B.Eric Weiner. C.Jostein Gaarder. D.A college teacher. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World”和最后一句可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了哲学大门。 29.Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4？ A.To compare Weiner with them. B.To give examples of great works. C.To praise their writing skills. D.To help readers understand Weiner’s book. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段，特别是该段最后一句可知，在列举了几位伟大的哲学家后，作者指出，这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习如何运用哲学来改善生活的书。据此可以推知，作者列举几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者更好地理解Weiner的这本书。 30.What does the author like about The Socrates Express？ A.Its views on history are well-presented. B.Its ideas can be applied to daily life. C.It includes comments from readers. D.It leaves an open ending. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，《苏格拉底哲学特快车》是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它因显而易见的简单而吸引读者，并逐渐将他们带入对欲望、孤独和衰老的更深层次的思考。结合常识可以推知，《苏格拉底哲学特快车》的思想可以应用到日常生活中。 31.What does the author think of Weiner’s book？ A.Objective and plain. B.Daring and ambitious. C.Serious and hard to follow. D.Humorous and straightforward. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“he does so with plenty of humor”可知，该书充满了幽默；根据最后一段第一句可知，《苏格拉底哲学特快车》因显而易见的简单而吸引读者，并逐渐将他们带入对欲望、孤独和衰老的更深层次的思考。据此可以推知，Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。 [厘脉络]——厘清行文结构 [再利用]——深挖文本资源 (一)由文本积重点词汇 1.reawaken v.[派生]　　　 重新唤醒 2.appealing adj.[派生] 吸引人的 3.interpretation n.[派生] 解释，理解；口译 4.well-presented adj.[合成] 表现出色的；完美呈现的 5.philosophical thought 哲学思想 6.be applied to daily life 运用于日常生活 (二)由文本变熟词生义 1.experience 熟义： n.经验；经历 生义：v.体验 It is not an explanation，but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. 2.read 熟义： vt.阅读，读懂；朗读 生义：n.一次阅读体验 The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche. (三)由文本学长难句分析 　The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche. [分析]　这是一个主从复合句。主句为主系表结构；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词read。 [翻译]　读书的最终结果是，我们学会像苏格拉底那样思考，像梭罗那样观察，像叔本华那样倾听，像尼采那样无怨无悔。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $