必修3 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦必修三Unit2“MORALS AND VIRTUES”主题，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（含熟词生义、构词法）、经典句型（如“否定词+比较级”表最高级、无灵主语句）、阅读理解（推理判断、细节理解）及应用文与读后续写核心考查维度，通过考点权重分析明确高频词汇语境运用占30%、句型转换占25%，构建系统复习框架。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+语料积累+素养提升”策略，如以2025全国二卷阅读D为例，解析“熟词生义”（address表“处理”）及推理判断题答题逻辑，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设读后续写“情感细节描写库”（如“despair choked one's words”），助力学生掌握高分表达，教师可依托单元测评精准定位学情，实现高效备考冲刺。

高三总复习讲义 人教版 UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 必修 第三册 03 巩固核心知识 02 探究必备知识 夯实语言基础 01 内容索引 04 提升关键能力 05 透视高考真题 06 单元测评 夯实语言基础 返回 注 表示该词的熟词生义。 Ⅰ.阅读单词 1.moral adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意 2.dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境 3.entrust vt. 委托；交付 4.tuition n. (小组)教学；讲课 5.physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生 6.colleague n. 同事；同僚 7.faraway adj. 遥远的 8.kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园 9.insurance n. 保险；保险业 10.pole n. (行星的)极；地极；杆子，柱 11.lap n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 12.café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 13.waitress n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者 14.pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的 15.disguise vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖 n. 伪装；化装用具 16.maple n. 枫树；槭树 17.cart n. 手推车；运货马车 18.spill vt.& vi.(spilt/spilled，spilt/spilled) (使)洒出；(使)溢出 19.might n. 力量；威力 20.fable n. 寓言；寓言故事；无稽之谈 v. 虚构 ；讲故事 21.court n. (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭 22.per prep. 每；每一 Ⅱ.核心单词 1.virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 2.faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的；可能性不大的 3.illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 4.precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 5.fee n. 专业服务费；报酬 6.union n. 协会；联合会；工会 7.hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用 n. 租借；租用 8.clinic n. 诊所；门诊部 9.decade n. 十年；十年期 10.elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处 11.publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版 12.staff n. 员工；全体职员 13.principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则 14.passive adj. 被动的；顺从的 15.whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 16.midnight n. 子夜；午夜 17.bite vt.& vi.(bit，bitten) 咬；叮；蜇 n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 18.lip n. 嘴唇 19.chairman n. 主席；主持人；董事长 20.chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条 21.limp vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走 22.tear n. 眼泪；泪水 v. 撕裂 ；撕开 23.despair n. 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望 24.income n. 收入；收益 25.therefore adv. 因此；所以 Ⅲ.拓展单词 1.marriage n.结婚；婚姻→marry v.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶 2.majority n.大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n.主修课程； 少校 3.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n.抱怨；投诉 4.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→response n.反应；回答； 回复 5.scholarship n.奖学金→scholar n.学者 6.reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n.拒绝接受；否决 7.appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.约会；任命；委任→appointed adj.约定的；指定的 8.elect vt.选举；推选→election n.选举；推选；当选 9.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n.趋势；趋向 10.retire vt.& vi.退休；退职；退出→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的 11.import n.进口；进口商品 vt.进口；输入；引进→export n.出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播 12.scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的 13.sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；敏锐的 ；(方向)急转的 ；(声音)突然而响亮的 adv.(……点)整 →sharply adv.急剧地；严厉地→sharpen v.(使)变得锋利；(使)提高 14.energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n.精力；活力；能量→energetically adv.积极地；精力充沛地 15.replace vt.接替；取代；更换→replacement n.更换；替换的人/物 16.accident n.事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地 17.operation n.手术；企业；经营；(有组织的)活动，行动 ；业务 → operate vt.操作；控制；使运转 vi.做手术；经营；运转 →operator n.操作员；接线员；经营者 18.assist vt.帮助；援助→assistant n.助理；助手→assistance n.帮助；援助 19.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmfully adv.有害地→harmless adj.无害的 20.flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv.灵活地→flexibility n.灵 活性 21.tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tense adj.紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的 n.(动词的)时态 22.memory n.记忆力；回忆→memoriz(s)e vt.记住；记忆 23.saving n.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款→save vt.救；节省；储蓄 构词法：形容词后缀-ic表“属于……的，具有……性质的” ＋-ic ①organ→organic有机的 ②period→periodic定期的；周期的 ③base→basic基本的 ④history→historic有历史意义的 ⑤scene→scenic风景优美的 特殊记 ⑥drama→dramatic巨大的；戏剧性的 ⑦energy→energetic精力充沛的 ⑧sympathy→sympathetic有同情心的 ⑨enthusiasm→enthusiastic热情的 ⑩optimism→optimistic乐观的 ⑪system→systematic系统的 ⑫science→scientific科学的 Ⅳ.重点短语 1.carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 2.tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3.pass away 去世 4.trip over 被……绊倒 5.a great deal(of) 大量 6.resident physician 住院医师 7.moral dilemma 道德困境 8.first aid 急救 9.tuition fees 学费 10.in despair 处于绝望中 11.in memory of 作为对……的纪念 12.in tears 流着泪；含着泪 Ⅴ.经典句型 1.句型：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 To a person nothing is more precious than their life...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵的了…… 2.句型：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 3.句型： 独立主格 After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head.过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 4.句型：neither...nor... Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.无论是她自己，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。 返回 探究必备知识 返回 respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 (response n.回答，答复；反应) 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Their behavior returned to normal，____________(respond) with more excitement，as if sensing the love and attention. (2026·苏锡常镇四市调研二) ②Greatly surprised by her __________(respond)，I left with a mixture of gratitude，humility，respect and shame. (情感描写) ③他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答我说：“我再也不会这样做了。” (续写之神情描写) “I will never do that again，” he ___________________________________ _______. 1 responding response responded to me with tears of regret in his eyes (1) respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复 (2)in response to 对……的答复；对……做出反应 make a response to 对……做出回应 后归纳 appoint vt.任命；委派(appointment n.约会；约定；预约；委任 appointed adj.约定的；指定的) 2 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I’m writing to apologise for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the ___________(appoint) time. (道歉信) ②很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。 (道歉信) I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore，__________________ _________________________. ③他在得知自己被任命为队长后，难掩激动之情，手舞足蹈地进了屋。 (动作描写) ________________________________ head of the team，he couldn’t contain his excitement and danced into the house. appointed for I have made an appointment with my dentist Learning that he was appointed as (1)appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (2)make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约 keep/break an appointment 守约/违约 后归纳 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend _______ (be) healthier，better adjusted and better at dealing with stress. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②As a Senior 3 student，it is normal that you have a tendency ________ (get) anxious with time going by. ③我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。(感谢信) I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang _____________________ _____________. tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 (tendency n.倾向，趋势) 3 to be to get who tended my mother in the hospital (1)tend to do sth 易于做某事 (2)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 后归纳 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As far as I’m concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them __________ snacks. ②失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复，但失去的时间却一去不复返。 (续写之主旨升华) ____________________________ industry，but lost time is gone forever. ③喜欢其他文化并向其学习是件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。 It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them，but they can never ____________________________________. replace vt.接替；取代；更换；放回原处 4 with/by Lost wealth may be replaced by replace/take the place of your own culture (1)replace sth with/by sth 用……替换…… (2)take the place of 代替 take one’s place 代替 (3)in place of 代替 后归纳 先练透　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Whether it’s helping classmates with their studies，___________(assist) a teacher with classroom duties，or volunteering for community services，Zhang Jian is always there to lend a hand. (2023·天津3月卷；人物介绍) ②Should you require any ____________(assist) or materials，please don’t hesitate to contact me. (2025·全国二卷；咨询信) ③在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。 ______________________________，the twins made it，their faces brimming with happy smiles. assist vt.帮助；协助；援助 (assistance n.帮助；协助 assistant n.助手；助理) 5 assisting assistance With the assistance of their father (1)assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人 (2)come/go to one’s assistance 来/去援助某人 with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下 后归纳 先练透　对比填空(a great deal/a great deal of)/完成句子 ①Although David ran ____________________ slower than the other kids，he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷；动作描写) ②He devoted _______________ energy to promoting environmental protection activities. ③By participating in our well-organized activities，you will benefit __________ from them. a great deal (of)大量 6 a great/good deal a great deal of a great deal ④艾米莉对学习外语更加热情，并开始每天练习法语和西班牙语。 (情绪描写) Emily ______________________________________________learning foreign languages，and she started practicing French and Spanish every day. was a great/good deal more enthusiastic about (1)a great/good deal of “许多的；大量的”，修饰不可数名词。 (2)a great deal用作名词短语，意为“大量；许多”，作主语或者 宾语。 (3)a great/good deal用作副词，可修饰形容词或副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。 后归纳 【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵的了…… 先练透　完成句子 ①对我们来说，没有什么比向身处困境中的人们传递善意更重要的了。 (主旨升华句) To us，_________________________ passing on kindness to those in trouble. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 7 nothing is more important than ②“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐！”妈妈激动地回答道。 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) “_________________________________________________！”the mother responded excitedly. ③和老人说话时，再礼貌也不为过。 When talking with the elderly，you _____________________________. I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one can’t be too polite/polite enough (1)“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody等。 (2)含否定词，表最高级意义的其他表达： ①否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ②否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than ③have/had never/not＋过去分词＋such＋形容词原级＋名词 后归纳 【教材原句】　The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了重要的作用。 先练透　完成句子 ①令我惊讶的是，冈特毫不犹豫地写下他的电话号码并给了我。“只要您遵守承诺，先生。”一股感激之情涌上我的心头。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷；动作＋心理描写) To my surprise，Gunter wrote down his phone number without hesitation and gave it to me.“Just keep your promise，Sir.” _________________________ __________. 句型公式：无灵主语句 8 A feeling of gratitude washed over me ②2025年见证了人工智能技术在多个行业的快速发展。 ____________________________________________ AI technology in many industries. ③不幸的是，随着经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了严重污染。 (2022·全国甲卷；环境保护) Unfortunately，as economy advances，recent years ______________________ ________________. The year 2025 witnessed the rapid development of have seen the oceans being polluted seriously (1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。 (2)find，witness，experience，wash等词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更 形象。 后归纳 积累——续写亮词 【诵读领悟】 ①When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I was nearly scared to death. (心理描写) 当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。 ②The sudden thunder scared the little girl into tears.突如其来的雷声把小女孩吓哭了。 scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓(scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的) 1 ③It was so scary a moment that my heart was hammering in my chest. 那一刻真是吓人，吓得我心脏怦怦直跳。 ④Scared and shocked，Sarah stood frozen in place，her mind racing to make sense of what had just happened. (读后续写之心理描写) 既害怕又震惊，莎拉呆立在原地，她的大脑飞速运转，想要弄明白刚刚发生了什么。 【佳句仿写】 Having realized my mistake，I bowed my head timidly，__________________ ___________________. (心理描写) 意识到自己的错误后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那阴郁的脸色。 scared to look at my father’s cloudy face scare ...away/of 把……吓跑 be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 敲黑板 【诵读领悟】 ①I couldn’t hold/fight back my tears when the judges thought highly of my beautiful voice. 当评委们高度评价我优美的嗓音时，我忍不住流下了眼泪。 ②She was so angry that she tore the letter into pieces，running into her room in tears. 她气得把信撕成碎片，哭着跑进房间。 tear n.眼泪；泪水 vt.撕碎，撕裂；撕掉，扯掉 2 ③Hearing their plan，Bernard jumped for joy，tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes.(情绪描写) 听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴地跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。 ④With all the anger and disappointment exploding in my heart，I finally burst into tears.随着所有的愤怒和失望在我心中爆发，我终于哭了起来。 【佳句仿写】 When the team won the championship，the coach’s eyes __________________ _________. 当球队赢得冠军时，教练的眼里满是自豪的泪水。 were filled with tears of pride (1)tear...into piece 把……撕成碎片 (2)tears blurred/misted one’s eyes 泪眼模糊 be in tears 泪流满面 burst into tears 突然大哭起来 hold/fight back one’s tears 强忍住泪水 be filled with tears 热泪盈眶 敲黑板 【诵读领悟】 ①As they argued with each other in whispers，Harry moved around the room，only half listening.他们小声争论，哈利在屋里走来走去，漫不经心地听着。 (续写场景描写) ②Hussain drew me aside to whisper in my ear. 侯赛因把我拉到一旁在我耳边说悄悄话。 ③Franklin cupped his hands over Tom’s ear and began whispering his plan.富兰克林窝起手拢着Tom的耳朵低声讲起他的计划。 whisper vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 3 【佳句仿写】 She leaned over and _____________________________. 她探过身去在他耳边说了些什么。 whispered something in his ear (1)whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事 whisper in one’s ear 对某人耳语 whisper about sth 嘀咕/密谈某事 (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地 敲黑板 返回 巩固核心知识 返回 维度一　词汇语境运用 1.(2026·长沙市联考二)The worries and stresses of everyday life faded away，__________(replace) by a sense of peace. 2.(2026·贵阳市七校联考二)Maggie，with her big，________(scare) eyes，expressed her gratitude to them in a barely audible voice. 3.(2023·全国乙卷) Four years later，she was the first African American woman ____________ (receive) a medical degree. 4.(2024·浙江1月卷) The chief ___________ (complain) about online courses is that they lack human interaction. replaced scared to receive complaint 5.China has become the first country _________(land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 6.I hope you can assist the students __________ (learn)more about England and Western cultures，which can increase understanding and help build good relationships between us. 7.As we know，recent years ________________ (witness) great changes taking place in China，particularly in Beijing，Tianjin and Shanghai. 8.The students seemed to expect another boring and dull English lesson，some dropping their eyes and some ____________ (whisper)in the back rows. to land to learn have witnessed whispering 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义、一词多义 猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1.(2022·全国乙卷) Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. _______________ 2.We could not decide if it was fact or fable. _____________ 3.The old man sat by the pond，feeding the fish bread and watching as they lapped at the surface. _________ 4.The dog was chained to the leg of the one solid garden seat. _____________ 5.When we tear one page from the calendar，it means our life has been shortened by one day. _________ n.运行；操作 n.无稽之谈 v.拍打 vt.用锁链拴住 vt.撕掉 根据语境选择加黑词的含义 6.sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；敏锐的(生义)；尖刻的(生义)；剧烈的(生义)；急转的(生义) adv.(……点)整(生义) ①He exposed his sharp teeth，glaring at us as he ran forward. ____________ ②Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. ___________ ③After running for an hour，she felt a sharp pain in her side，which forced her to stop and rest for a while. ____________ ④She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp this morning. ______________ ⑤All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. ____________ ⑥The road ahead has a sharp turn，so drivers need to slow down and be cautious to avoid accidents. ____________ adj.锋利的 adj.敏锐的 adj.剧烈的 adv.(……点)整 adj.明显的 adj.急转的 7.faint vi. & n.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的；可能性不大的(生义) ①We heard a faint cry for help from the distance，so we immediately called the police. ____________ ②There is still a faint hope that she may be cured. __________________ ③When she heard the bad news about her father，she felt her legs go weak and fainted on the spot. _______________ ④The sudden faint scared her family，so they took her to the hospital for a full check-up. ______________ adj.微弱的 adj.可能性不大的 vi.昏倒；晕厥 n.昏倒；晕厥 Ⅱ.构词法 构词法 前缀 trans-表示“变化”“横跨” 前缀multi-表示“多个” 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.(2025·北京卷)Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities. _______________________________ 2.Bluetooth chips allow mobile phone users to transmit data over short distances to other mobile phones. _________ adj.变革性的，具有转化作用的 vt.传输 3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)We journalists live in a new age of storytelling，with many new multimedia tools. _______________ 4.(2022·浙江6月卷)In New York，a multicultural city，students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. ________________ 5.(全国Ⅲ卷)Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. _______________ 6.(浙江7月卷)A waiter’s job，for example，that requires multitasking，teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. ______________________ 返回 adj.多媒体的 adj.多元文化的 adj.几代人的 n.能同时处理多项事情 提升关键能力 返回 Part 1.应用文增分练(电子邮件—回顾高中生活) 　　假设你是刚刚步入高三的学生李华，你的朋友Tom写信询问你过去两年的高中生活经历及对高三生活的期待，请你给他写一封回信。 1.过去两年的经历；2.对高三的期待。 　　用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作，再背诵。 【布局谋篇】 开篇：总起全文，表达写信目的 Dear Tom， I’m thrilled to share my two years’ experiences in high school and ①______________________________(我对最后一年的期望). my expectations for the final year 中段：回顾自己高中两年的经历 The past two years are full of various challenges which make me grow.Even though it is stressful at times，I’ve found ways to relax and recover during my leisure time，such as ②_______________________(和朋友聊天).I have become more confident and responsible，③___________ _______________________________________________(学习应对压力并且永不放弃我的梦想). 结尾：展望高三生活 Now，as I step into my final year，I am eager to face new challenges.My main goal is ④____________________________(在我的学业上取得进步)while maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Yours， Li Hua chatting with friends learning to deal with pressure and never give up on my dreams to get ahead in my studies 【多元表达】 ⑤The past two years are full of various challenges.(升级为无灵主语) →______________________________________________________________ The past two years witnessed various challenges. Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“不安”和“绝望” 【语言素材】 形容词 helpless，hopeless，desperate，uneasy 名词 helplessness，hopelessness，desperation，despair，uneasiness　 眼睛 ①look in despair 绝望地看着 ②watch helplessly 无助地/眼睁睁地看着 ③give sb a look of desperation 绝望地看了某人一眼 ④a look of desperation 绝望的眼神 声音/哭泣 ①utter a cry of despair 发出绝望的叫声 ②hear the despair in one’s voice 听出某人声音中的绝望 ③sigh with despair 绝望地叹气 ④despair choked one’s words 绝望得说不出话来 ⑤erupt into desperate sobs 绝望地啜泣 ⑥a note of desperation in one’s voice 话音中带着绝望的语气 其他 ①a sense/feeling of hopelessness/helplessness 绝望/无力感 ②in despair/desperation 绝望地 ③abandon oneself to despair/fall into despair 陷入绝望 ④throw sb into desperation 使某人陷入绝望 【靓句表达】 1.When the doctor shook his head gently，the patient’s family exchanged a look of desperation，knowing the situation was bad.当医生轻轻摇头时，病人家属交换了一个绝望的神情，明白情况已经很糟。 2.Fog began creeping into the forest.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness，which undoubtedly left them even more desperate. 树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加绝望。(用环境描写烘托人物的绝望) 3.Gazing at the darkness around him，Tod was seized by a feeling of despair. 托德看着四周的黑暗，他深感绝望。 4.When her child ran toward the busy street，she rushed over with her heart in her mouth，yelling for him to stop.当她的孩子朝繁忙的马路跑去时，她心提到嗓子眼儿，冲过去大喊着让孩子停下。 5.She was so nervous that she felt her throat tight and her mouth dry，wondering what to do next. 她紧张得喉咙发紧，嘴里发干。揣摩着下一步怎么办。 续写语料运用　用表“不安”和“绝望”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：“遇险求生” ——陷入险境，求助无果时的“不安”和“绝望” 　　We had no phone signal，and the highway was 900 feet above us.All we could do was yell for help，and a seemingly great distance seemed to separate us from potential rescuers.With our voices echoing through the valley，①_______________________________ (绝望在每一声呼喊中渐渐滋长).As the minutes turned into hours，②__________________ ________________ (我们既害怕又绝望，无灵主语句) and we couldn’t help but wonder if anyone would ever hear us.Worse still，fog began creeping into the valley.Everything was swallowed by darkness，③_____________________________ (使我们更加无助，动词-ing形式短语作状语).We let out a low sigh，④_________________________________ (心里满是绝望，独立主格). 返回 despair grew bit by bit in every shout fear and desperation overwhelmed us leaving us even more helpless despair settling heavily in our chests 透视高考真题 返回 (2025·全国二卷，阅读D) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food？ Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant，supermarket，and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns，food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.But last month，one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way： It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March，Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED，and served items like fried skate cartilage，a juice pulp burger，and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue (收入)，and of that waste only 15.7％ is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3％ is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems，but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.Instead，all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment； Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.Nevertheless，it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability，and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 做真题——感悟高考考法 32.What can be inferred about the author’s early life？ A.He witnessed food shortage. B.He enjoyed the local cuisine. C.He donated food to Africans. D.He helped to cook at home. √ 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者在南非长大，非洲有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推知作者早年目睹过食物短缺现象。 33.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment？ A.To customize dishes for guests. B.To make the public aware of food waste. C.To test a food processing method. D.To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. √ 细节理解题。 根据第三段最后一句“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。 34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about？ A.Why the ingredients were used. B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of. D.Where the ingredients were bought. √ 段落大意题。第五段首句否定“垃圾食材”的说法，随后列举羽衣甘蓝茎秆、鱼颈肉、淘汰的甘薯、黄瓜头等非常规食材来说明菜品原料的 构成。 35.What can we learn about wastED？ A.It has ended as planned. B.It is creating new jobs. C.It has regained popularity. D.It is criticized by top chefs. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment； Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.”可知，wastED从一开始就是短期实验，Blue Hill餐厅现已恢复常规菜单。由此推断，wastED已按计划结束。 厘脉络——厘清行文结构 再利用——深挖文本资源 (一)由文本积重点词汇 1.reminder n.[派生] ________________ 2.prayer n.[派生] ________________ 3.rename v.[派生] ________________ 4.tailor-made adj.[合成] ________________ 5.re-appropriate v.[派生] ________________ 6.short-lived adj.[合成] ________________ 7.shortage n.[派生] ________________ 8.processing n.[派生] ________________ 提醒人的事物 祈祷，祷告 重新命名，更名 特制的 重新利用 短暂的 短缺 加工，处理 (二)由文本变熟词生义 1.cut 熟义：v.切，割，剪 生义：n.______________ Instead，all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. 2.reject 熟义：vt.拒绝 生义：vt.__________________________ Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine. 切下的一块肉 (因质量不好而)废弃，淘汰 3.address 熟义：n.地址 生义：vt.______ Nevertheless，it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability，and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 处理 (三)由文本学长难句分析 　Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 分析　本句是一个复合句。主句为__________________________________ __________________；where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time为定语从句，修饰先行词South Africa，从句中含有 more of...than...(与其说……不如说……)结构。 翻译 __________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________。 返回 Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa 这种感受或许源于我在南非的成长经历——在那里，“非洲有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是饭前的祷告词，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒 单元测评 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2026·深圳市多校第一次质量检测) VOLUNTEERING IN SRI LANKA 　　Explore International Volunteer Headquarters’ exciting Sri Lanka volunteer abroad program.With affordable fees and top-rated projects trusted by over 142，000 travelers，IVHQ is the best volunteer organization in Sri Lanka. HIGHLIGHTS ·Airport pick-up，welcome session，meals and 24/7 in-country support； ·Accommodation in volunteer houses in many regions； ·A special Cultural Introduction Week available as an add-on. PROJECTS Childcare in Kandy ·Program Fees from $390 ·Based at daycare centers Assist in under-resourced child care centers around Kandy，helping with lessons，playtime，and general tasks wherever your help is needed. Construction and Repair in Kandy ·Program Fees from $390 ·Based at temples and schools Help to restore local temples and schools to their former beauty by painting and cleaning them.Learn about the local culture and see your progress in front of your eyes！ Elephant Welfare in Randeniya ·Program Fees from $1，020 ·Based at a reserve in Randeniya Volunteer at an elephant reserve.Help care for elephants that have been in tough working conditions and boost their physical and mental well-being. Women’s Education in Kandy ·Program Fees from $390 ·Based with a local organization Assist local women from difficult backgrounds to overcome gender inequality issues and help them develop life skills in a safe environment. IMPORTANT THINGS TO NOTE 　　All programs require a Registration Fee of $299 per participant in addition to the Program Fee. 　　Recommended spending money： Volunteers typically need $50 per week for expenses. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了国际志愿者总部(IVHQ)的斯里兰卡海外志愿者项目，包括其服务亮点、各个志愿者项目以及重要注意事项等。 1.What will IVHQ volunteers enjoy？ A.Travel guidance. B.Welcome gifts. C.Free accommodation. D.Considerate services. 细节理解题。根据HIGHLIGHTS部分“·Airport pick-up，welcome session，meals and 24/7 in-country support”可知，IVHQ志愿者会享受接机、欢迎会、餐饮以及全天候的国内支持等周到的服务。故选D。 √ 2.Which project may attract wildlife enthusiasts？ A.Childcare in Kandy. B.Women’s Education in Kandy. C.Elephant Welfare in Randeniya. D.Construction and Repair in Kandy. 细节理解题。根据表格中小标题Elephant Welfare in Randeniya以及其后“Volunteer at an elephant reserve.Help care for elephants that have been in tough working conditions and boost their physical and mental well-being.”可知，Elephant Welfare in Randeniya项目会吸引野生动物爱好者。故选C。 √ 3.What is the cost for two applicants for the Women’s Education project？ A.$1，378. B.$780. C.$1，079. D.$689. 数字计算题。根据Women’s Education in Kandy部分“Program Fees from $390”以及倒数第二段“All programs require a Registration Fee of $299 per participant in addition to the Program Fee.”可知，女性教育项目的费用是390美元，另外还需支付299美元的注册费，所以一个人的总费用是390＋299＝689美元，两个人的费用则是689×2＝1 378美元。故选A。 √ B (2026·浙江嘉兴检测) 　　In 2006，as a 10-year-old living in one of Delhi’s busiest markets，I would often run downstairs to buy milk，eggs or vegetables for my mother.The shopkeepers knew me by face and often guessed my order before I even spoke.These small market runs taught me more than I realised at the time—quick mental maths，conversations with strangers，and backup plans when a shop was shut.So much unintentional learning. Over time，these routines became daily comfort.Whether it was me or my mother，we enjoyed the smiles，brief chats，and snacks along the way—small moments that quietly held our lives together. Now，things are different.With Blinkit，Zepto，and Instamart，groceries arrive in 10 minutes.While I still enjoy shopping in the market after work，my mother begins her day by comparing prices on apps and ordering everything with a few taps (点击).The grocery trips that once lifted her mood，improved her health，and helped her stay connected with the neighbourhood have disappeared.The joy of being known，of interacting，is dying. And it’s not just her.Many of us now rely more on apps and less on people.Our growing reliance on instant delivery is reducing those everyday moments of interaction.There’s the financial cost too.When you’re too tired or too busy to plan your groceries，you end up ordering in pieces—adding things you don’t need just to hit the free-delivery minimum. Of course，these apps are a gift on tough days when we’re sick or short on time.But next time you feel like opening a grocery app，try walking to your local shop instead.You might come back with more than just groceries—a smile，a quick chat，and a sense of connection.Sometimes，the cost of convenience isn’t what you pay.It’s what you miss. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者童年在德里市场购物的经历，强调了日常购物中的小互动对个人成长和社区联系的重要性。 4.What does the author think of early market runs？ A.Adventurous. B.Valuable. C.Tiring. D.Complex. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“These small market runs taught me more than I realised at the time—quick mental maths，conversations with strangers，and backup plans when a shop was shut.So much unintentional learning.”可知，作者认为早期的市场购物经历对他来说是非常宝贵的，因为它教会了他很多东西。故选B。 5.How did the author’s mother change her shopping habit later？ A.She turned to online shopping. B.She visited groceries with neighbours. C.She cared about discounts in stores. D.She ordered whatever lifted her mood. 细节理解题。根据第三段“While I still enjoy shopping in the market after work，my mother begins her day by comparing prices on apps and ordering everything with a few taps(点击).”可知，作者的母亲后来转向了在线购物。故选A。 √ 6.What concerns the author about instant delivery？ A.It takes away small social moments. B.It involves paying extra service fees. C.It results in poor physical condition. D.It makes people addicted to shopping. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Our growing reliance on instant delivery is reducing those everyday moments of interaction.”以及第三段“The joy of being known，of interacting，is dying.”可知，作者担心即时配送会剥夺那些日常的小社交时刻。故选A。 √ 7.What is implied in the last paragraph？ A.A shared gift doubles its joy. B.Convenience comes at a cost. C.A smile is free but worth a lot. D.Rush breaks human connection. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sometimes，the cost of convenience isn’t what you pay.It’s what you miss.”可知，有时，便利的成本不是你支付的费用，而是你错过的东西。这暗示了便利是有代价的。故选B。 √ C (2025·沈阳市教学质量监测) 　　When diagnosed(诊断) with final cancer，Professor Chen，a 42-year-old literature scholar made an unusual decision—to film 1，862 lecture videos until his final days.His declaration “Teaching is my life” during a weakly delivered yet deeply moving last lecture stimulated nationwide reflection on life’s true value. Modern neuroscience provides biological evidence for Chen’s choice.A 2023 Cambridge study demonstrated that instructing others sets off 28％ stronger dopamine (多巴胺) release than personal achievements.This explains why Chen，despite physical condition，insisted on grading papers—an act psychologists’ term “legacy (遗产) motivation”. His approach contrasts with Western models like Professor Randy Pausch’s celebrated “Last Lecture”，which emphasized realizing childhood dreams.Eastern traditions，particularly Confucian ideals，prioritize generational wisdom pass-down over individual achievements. The social impact was measurable.Chen’s online courses gained 90 million views，with 72％ viewers aged 18－25.This popularity reveals a hunger for purpose beyond material success.A Peking University survey on Chinese youth found 68％ considered happiness the same as wealth，yet 89％ admitted feeling empty after attaining targets.Chen’s legacy challenges this mindset； his worn-out lecture notes and student letters displayed at Nanjing University Museum demonstrate how ordinary devotion builds up extraordinary meaning. Ultimately，Chen redefined life value not through memorial but through multiplied understanding—each student internalizing his teachings becomes a living continuation of his intellectual journey.In our achievement-pursued era，his story whispers an essential truth： significance often resides not in shining moments but in patient and daily investments in others’ growth. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了患癌的陈教授坚持录制讲座视频，以及其背后的意义和影响。 8.What can we know about teaching others in the 2023 Cambridge study？ A.It produces more dopamine than personal success. B.It reduces pain for people with physical conditions. C.It helps achieve childhood dreams in the long term. D.It stimulates people’s reflection on life’s true value. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A 2023 Cambridge study demonstrated that instructing others sets off 28％ stronger dopamine(多巴胺) release than personal achievements.”可知，2023 年剑桥大学的一项研究表明，教导他人比个人成就释放的多巴胺多28％，即教导他人比个人成功产生更多的多巴胺。故选A。 √ 9.How is the difference between Chen’s actions and Western models presented？ A.By explaining psychologists’ terms. B.By comparing prioritized life values. C.By listing different teaching methods. D.By emphasizing respective drawbacks. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“His approach contrasts with Western models like ... prioritize generational wisdom pass-down over individual achievements.”可推知，文章通过比较优先考虑的生活价值观来呈现陈教授的行为与西方模式之间的差异。故选B。 √ 10.What can we infer about most young Chinese from Paragraph 3？ A.They ignore traditional teaching methods. B.They lose interest in materialistic success. C.They feel unsatisfied after gaining wealth. D.They prefer online courses to on-site class. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“A Peking University survey on Chinese youth found 68％ considered happiness the same as wealth，yet 89％ admitted feeling empty after attaining targets.”可知，89％的人承认在实现目标后感到空虚。由此可推知，大多数中国年轻人在获得财富后感到不满意。故选C。 √ 11.What does the author want to show by telling Professor Chen’s story？ A.Scientific research is essential for meaningful education. B.The value of teaching is determined by online popularity. C.Lasting significance is from consistent devotion to others. D.Individual legacy is best preserved in the public museums. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，陈教授的故事传达了一个重要的真理，即意义存在于对他人成长的耐心且日常的付出之中。由此可推知，作者想通过讲述陈教授的故事来展示持久的价值源于对他人的持续奉献。故选C。 √ D (2026·河北省统一考试模拟) 　　Glass might soon have some competition from an unexpected challenger—bamboo.Scientists in China have turned regular old bamboo into a transparent (透明的) material that’s also resistant to fire and water，and holds back smoke. Silica glass，made from sand，is still the go-to building material when you need something transparent but strong，like windows.But it’s not particularly sustainable，and can be heavy and breakable. Transparent wood has actually been ________________ the glass market for a few years now.It is renewable and as strong as or stronger than glass，while being lighter.There are still a few problems with using wood，though.It’s way more burnable than glass，and already in high demand，with supplies taking too long to meet the needs.So for the new study，researchers at Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CSUFT) in China turned to bamboo instead. muscling in on “Bamboo，often referred to as ‘the second forest’，has a fast growth and regeneration rate，allowing it to reach maturity and be used as a building material within four to seven years of growth，” said Caichao Wan，corresponding author of the study.“With an output four times higher than wood per acre，bamboo is recognized for its exceptional efficiency.” Bamboo’s internal structure and chemical composition are very similar to wood，so the team used a method to turn it transparent.After the lignin (木质素) is removed，the bamboo is filled with an inorganic liquid sodium silicate，which changes the light bending of the fibers to make it clear.Then，it’s treated to make the material resistant to water.The end result is a three-layered structure.The bamboo possesses transparency，allowing 71.6％ of light to pass through it. Not only could this transparent bamboo be used as a building material，but when used as a base for perovskite (钙钛矿) solar cells，it acted like a light management layer.That boosted the cells’ power transformation efficiency by 15.29％.“In future research，we are hopeful that this innovative material will lay the foundation for more sustainable and efficient solar cell technologies，ultimately contributing to a greener and more renewable energy landscape，” said Caichao Wan. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家将竹子转化为一种透明、防火、防水且能阻挡烟雾的材料，介绍了其研究背景、制作过程以及应用前景等。 12.What does the phrase “muscling in on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ A.Affecting. B.Entering. C.Damaging. D.Changing. 词义猜测题。根据第三段“Transparent wood has actually been muscling in on the glass market for a few years now.It is renewable and as strong as or stronger than glass，while being lighter.” 可知，因为透明木材是可再生的，与玻璃一样坚固或更坚固，同时更轻，所以它进入玻璃市场很多年了，受到了人们的欢迎。“muscling in on”意思是“进入”。故选B。 √ 13.Why did researchers choose bamboo over wood for their study？ A.It is more visually pleasing. B.It is much cheaper than wood. C.It grows faster and produces more. D.It is easier to process chemically. 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员选择竹子是因为它生长更快、产量更高。故选C。 √ 14.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about？ A.The advantages of using bamboo instead of glass. B.The environmental benefits of transparent bamboo. C.The challenges of using bamboo as a building material. D.The process of turning bamboo into a transparent material. 段落大意题。通读第五段可知，第五段主要介绍了将竹子变成透明材料的过程。故选D。 √ 15.What is Caichao Wan’s attitude towards future research on transparent bamboo？ A.Indifferent. B.Worried. C.Optimistic. D.Suspicious. 观点态度题。根据最后一段“‘In future research，we are hopeful that this innovative material will lay the foundation for more sustainable and efficient solar cell technologies，ultimately contributing to a greener and more renewable energy landscape，’ said Caichao Wan.” 可知，万彩超对透明竹子未来的研究持乐观态度。故选C。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·湖北省八校三模) 　　Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down.However，knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.　1　 Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. Give a hug.Hugging someone shows your affection and care.　2　 This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment.With no kind and loving words，your actions have already said a lot. 　3　 Now，go on and say some kind words.Words like “I’m here”，“we are in this together”，“you’ll get over this”，“lean on me” and so on，can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment. Use the right tone of voice.　4　 They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person，you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Listen patiently.People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted.Don’t be that person.After asking the questions，listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. 　5　.　 A.Say kind loving words. B.Make use of polite expressions. C.Then choose to appreciate others too. D.Remember that words do not stand alone. E.It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help. F.This knowledge is gained through research and practice. G.When you do this to someone，they can feel your warmth. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何照顾一个伤心的人。 　　Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down.However，knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with._______________________ _____________________________Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. This knowledge is gained through research and practice. 上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项This knowledge对应上文knowing how to care for a sad person。故选F。 Give a hug.Hugging someone shows your affection and care.__________ ____________________________________________ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment.With no kind and loving words，your actions have already said a lot. When you do this to someone，they can feel your warmth. 根据上文“Give a hug.Hugging someone shows your affection and care.”以及下文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境。故选G。 ____________________ Now，go on and say some kind words.Words like “I’m here”，“we are in this together”，“you’ll get over this”，“lean on me” and so on，can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment. Say kind loving words. 根据下文可知，本段主要是关于对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项“说些亲切的爱的话”符合语境，故选A。 Use the right tone of voice.______________________________________ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person，you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Remember that words do not stand alone. 根据上文“Use the right tone of voice.”以及下文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.”可知，下文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，说明言语不是孤立的，D选项words对应下文They。故选D。 Listen patiently.People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted.Don’t be that person. After asking the questions，listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.______________________________________________ This knowledge is gained through research and practice. 根据上文“After asking the questions，listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.”可知，空格处为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助。故选E。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES $