专题03 完形填空（期末复习）2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期期末复习（新教材人教版）

**基本信息** 以四大主题（自然灾害与防范、礼仪与习俗、文学名著、志愿服务）为载体，通过语境化完形填空考查语言综合运用能力，注重真实情境中的词汇辨析与逻辑推理。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |自然灾害与防范|4篇（地震/洪水/台风等）|真实灾害应对场景，考查动作链词汇（如prepare/guard/rescue）|按“预防-应对-灾后”逻辑串联安全知识与生存技能| |礼仪与习俗|4篇（中西餐桌/待客等）|跨文化对比语境，考查礼仪规范词汇（如respect/hospitality）|通过文化差异场景构建“行为-意义-文化价值”认知链条| |文学名著|4篇（《黑骏马》等改编）|经典情节再现，考查情感与动作描写词汇（如dare/survive）|以名著片段为载体，融合叙事逻辑与人物情感理解| |志愿服务|4篇（老人院/动物救助等）|助人场景，考查奉献类词汇（如volunteer/kindness）|通过具体服务案例体现“需求-行动-价值”的助人逻辑|

专题03 完形填空 话题1自然灾害与防范 （一） Natural disasters are scary. But knowledge and quick 1 are your best tools to survive. The most important thing is to 2 before disasters hit. This helps you 3 yourself and your family. Step 1: Prepare Now Don’t wait! Learn about 1 in your area, such as earthquakes and floods. 2 an emergency kit with water, food and so on. Know safe places in your home (like under a strong table for earthquakes) and your community’s safe routes. You’d better 3 practice with your family. Step 2: Act Fast When Danger Comes As soon as you feel an earthquake, drop to the ground, 1 your head and neck. And hold on until the shaking stops. 2 to stay away from windows. If a flood warning sounds, 3 to stay or walk through floodwaters. As soon as you hear the warning, move right away to 4 ground. Step 3: Stay Calm & Think Panic (恐慌) is 1 . Use your thinking skills. Take a deep breath. Remember your 2 . Use your whistle (口哨) for help if you have 3 . Avoid broken buildings and power lines after the 4 . In short, good preparations and calm thinking guard your life. 5 you know danger is coming, act on your knowledge. Refuse to let fear control you. By planning ahead and staying calm, you can get more chances of staying safe during nature’s challenges. 1．A．thinking B．jumping C．speaking D．flying 2．A．take notes B．catch fire C．make preparations D．break rules 3．A．hit B．guard C．warn D．interview 4．A．risks B．waves C．hobbies D．subjects 5．A．Enter B．Become C．Remind D．Prepare 6．A．never B．often C．seldom D．hardly 7．A．open B．wash C．kill D．cover 8．A．Mean B．Avoid C．Remember D．Teach 9．A．refuse B．express C．explain D．decide 10．A．smaller B．lower C．bigger D．higher 11．A．safe B．dangerous C．strict D．patient 12．A．dream B．hope C．progress D．plan 13．A．trouble B．failure C．fun D．medicine 14．A．party B．disaster C．festival D．meeting 15．A．So that B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order that （二） Life was hard for the Chinese farmers who lived near the Yellow River. Over the past few hundred years, the river 1 China’s Great Plain more than 1,500 times. People suffered 2 in each flood. Many of them died, and those who 3 were left with nothing. In September 1887, it was a 4 month. The river began to rise, and people feared it would break its banks (岸), 5 no one was willing to leave. It was their home where their family members and 6 had lived together for hundreds of years. And it was harvest time (收获季节). They would 7 hunger if they didn’t harvest their crops (庄稼) soon. The rain continued to fall, and the river rose 8 . Some farmers harvested the crops. Others built dikes (堤) to 9 against the flood. But it didn’t work. Near the city of Zhengzhou, the river finally 10 the dikes. The flood swept away the farmers in the fields. The sound of running water was so loud that no one could hear them 11 . As the water reached the villages, people climbed onto their 12 for safety. Even though people were in 13 , everyone helped each other. They used boats to 14 others bravely. The flood covered 11 cities and 1,500 villages and killed about 900,000 people. And it took 18 months to fix the dikes and bring the river back under 15 . Thankfully, today, the flood defences (防御) along the Yellow River are much better. 1．A．has replaced B．has formed C．has burned D．has flooded 2．A．easily B．terribly C．quietly D．kindly 3．A．survived B．disappeared C．attended D．mentioned 4．A．windy B．rainy C．sunny D．cloudy 5．A．and B．so C．but D．or 6．A．actors B．doctors C．relatives D．coaches 7．A．search for B．prepare for C．learn from D．suffer from 8．A．higher B．earlier C．slower D．longer 9．A．harm B．guard C．reach D．choose 10．A．shut B．improved C．decorated D．broke 11．A．scream B．sing C．laugh D．argue 12．A．beds B．tables C．roofs D．stages 13．A．anger B．trouble C．surprise D．joy 14．A．greet B．invite C．rescue D．shoot 15．A．pressure B．preparation C．control D．discussion （三） On November 16th, 2024, I was staying in Shanghai. The wind was very strong, and I could see leaves flying here and there. The sky also became 1 little by little. Heavy rain poured down and then I could see the raindrops hitting our windows. My family were staying at home and 2 TV. A big 3 named Bebinca came to Shanghai at around 7:30 that morning. It was very strong and scary. The 4 of the typhoon had maximum (最大的) winds of 14 levels. The wind was blowing 5 all day and it sounded terrible. My parents stopped their work and 6 . My brother and I couldn’t go to school either. The TV and the internet both said it was 7 for people to go outside on such a bad day. So there was no one outside then. For me, it wasn’t a good 8 . People couldn’t take planes, buses or other public 9 . The weather report said the typhoon brought strong winds and rain to Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui. It might 10 windows. Two days later, the sun 11 . Our family went outside and found that trees and road signs were uprooted (连根拔起), and 12 were fully flooded by the heavy rain. Workers were working hard to 13 the water and branches on the streets. Everyone tried their best to 14 . 15 the storm was strong, we worked together to overcome it. Everyone stayed safe and got through this typhoon. 1．A．dark B．big C．huge D．blue 2．A．watching B．hearing C．looking D．seeing 3．A．flood B．sight C．storm D．lightning 4．A．north B．west C．south D．center 5．A．quickly B．strongly C．quietly D．brightly 6．A．stayed in B．dropped off C．hung out D．worked out 7．A．common B．helpless C．dangerous D．tiring 8．A．habit B．journey C．example D．experience 9．A．energy B．technology C．service D．transport 10．A．cut B．break C．kill D．build 11．A．appeared B．picked C．lay D．turned 12．A．shops B．houses C．supermarkets D．streets 13．A．fix B．control C．clear D．heat 14．A．treat B．change C．beat D．help 15．A．Although B．As C．Because D．If （四） Last summer, I had an unusual experience. A heavy rainfall 1 my hometown. It rained more 2 than it had all year. To begin with, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, the water in the river rose 3 . We immediately 4 prepare for the coming flood. Dad took our first-aid kit. Mom and I took some water, food and warm clothes. Then, we moved to the third floor of our house. From the window, we saw flood water 5 the streets. Many cars were 6 the water. Some houses near the river were flooded, too. The rain was still 7 . But luckily we were 8 . Enough 9 also helped us stay calm. The next morning, the rain stopped. Volunteers arrived by boat to help people 10 . After the flood, the local community worked together to clean the streets and 11 the houses. Some people 12 in the flood, but the government and kind people offered help to them at once. They started to recover (恢复) from the 13 . Now, I know that natural disasters can be terrible, but we shouldn’t be 14 of them. Good preparation and teamwork can help 15 damage from natural disasters. 1．A．hit B．forced C．glued D．blew 2．A．heavily B．often C．strongly D．brightly 3．A．slowly B．suddenly C．clearly D．usually 4．A．took action to B．paid attention to C．looked forward to D．hung on to 5．A．keeping off B．fighting against C．sweeping through D．turning to 6．A．short of B．stuck in C．rich in D．full of 7．A．breaking down B．getting down C．pouring down D．falling down 8．A．safe B．quiet C．terrible D．harmful 9．A．help B．preparation C．energy D．information 10．A．in need B．in public C．in fear D．in order 11．A．repair B．prepare C．volunteer D．sweep 12．A．offered their opinions B．lost their ways C．saved their lives D．lost their homes 13．A．passage B．disaster C．wound D．disease 14．A．scared B．angry C．glad D．surprised 15．A．force B．bleed C．reduce D．burn 话题2礼仪与习俗 （一） Something that I learnt from both my parents was the importance of having respect for other people. I remember one day when we were travelling on a bus and I sat down while other people were 1 . My mother shouted at me, “ 2 immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” At the time I felt embarrassed about being told off (责备) 3 , but now I understand. I think children nowadays have 4 the respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while 5 people are standing. One area in which we had a lot of rules was 6 manners. For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal 7 the oldest person had started. We had to say “thank you” when our 8 was served, and eat everything on our plates before we could 9 the table. We couldn’t 10 any noise when eating. Worse than that, we were only allowed to have sweets at the weekend, as a special 11 if we had been good. Although my upbringing (养育) was perhaps a bit strict (严格的) compared with 12 children, I’m very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear 13 in life. Even though I was sometimes punished, I think it has made me a better person. 14 my opinion, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with 15 people and realize they are not the center of the world. 1．A．sitting B．talking C．standing D．sleeping 2．A．Get up B．Sit up C．Give up D．Look up 3．A．in order B．in public C．in surprise D．in person 4．A．won B．shown C．wasted D．lost 5．A．older B．richer C．taller D．heavier 6．A．greeting B．table C．watching D．tour 7．A．if B．because C．until D．though 8．A．farm B．water C．house D．food 9．A．move B．book C．leave D．lay 10．A．make B．express C．warn D．advise 11．A．lesson B．treat C．check D．need 12．A．lovely B．careless C．modern D．perfect 13．A．direction B．answer C．message D．plan 14．A．For B．At C．To D．In 15．A．some B．other C．few D．several （二） In China, treating guests warmly is a long-standing tradition. Chinese people are known 1 their hospitality around the world. If you are invited to a Chinese home, you will be deeply touched by the way the family treats you 2 a guest. When you step into the house, the host will greet you with a big smile and 3 you to sit down comfortably. They will immediately make you a cup of hot tea, and bring you different kinds of snacks, 4 fresh fruit and homemade desserts. One of the family members will always stay with you, chatting with you to make sure you don’t feel 5 . At the same time, other family members are busy 6 a big dinner for you in the kitchen. Chinese people always prepare a 7 meal for their guests. There will be much more food on the table than you can finish. In China, the guests are usually asked to take the 8 seat at the table, which is a sign of respect. The most surprising thing for many 9 guests is that the host will often put food into their bowls. This is a way to show their welcome, 10 it never happens in most Western countries. The Chinese family will try their best to make you feel at home. Even if you say you are 11 after eating a lot, the host will still add more food to your bowl. They always say, “Eat more, there’s still plenty of food.” 12 you are full, you should still try a little of each dish, as it shows your thanks to the host’s hard work. 13 warm and hospitable is a key part of Chinese culture. It has been passed down for thousands of 14 . As an old Chinese saying goes, “Isn’t it a happy thing to have friends coming from 15 away?” 1．A．for B．as C．to D．with 2．A．for B．as C．of D．with 3．A．lead B．let C．invite D．have 4．A．for example B．such as C．as well D．instead of 5．A．lonely B．happy C．relaxed D．excited 6．A．cooking B．buying C．finishing D．carrying 7．A．small B．rich C．simple D．common 8．A．worst B．cheapest C．best D．closest 9．A．Eastern B．Southern C．Northern D．Western 10．A．so B．but C．because D．and 11．A．hungry B．full C．thirsty D．tired 12．A．If B．Since C．Even if D．Unless 13．A．Be B．Being C．Do D．Doing 14．A．days B．months C．years D．centuries 15．A．near B．far C．long D．short （三） My name is Vince and I’m from the United States. This is my first time in Japan. I found a 1 in a big factory about half a month ago. One day some new colleagues (同事) 2 me to have dinner in a new restaurant. At first, I was quite 3 and learned to use chopsticks with them, but problems started later. That day, I had a cold. I didn’t feel 4 with my nose, so I turned away from the table and blew (擤) my nose. My colleagues 5 me in surprise. They explained to me that in Japan, people don’t blow their noses in public— 6 at table. I felt very embarrassed (尴尬的) and really 7 doing that. When I was trying to stick my 8 in my bowl of rice, one of my colleagues said, “Don’t do that. Just leave them on the table.” Later, I found that leaving your chopsticks in your rice 9 death in Japanese culture! The next time I needed to blow my nose, I 10 the table and went to the washroom. It was almost time to leave 11 I came back. I noticed there were some small bowls with 12 in them on the table. It smelt good and I started drinking it before it got cold. Then I saw some of my colleagues cover their 13 . They were trying not to laugh. “What’s 14 ?” I asked the colleague next to me. “It’s for 15 your fingers,” he said. For a moment, I didn’t know what to say or do. 1．A．test B．job C．fact D．seat 2．A．ordered B．wished C．noticed D．invited 3．A．happy B．lonely C．angry D．sad 4．A．careless B．shy C．comfortable D．lucky 5．A．looked at B．worried about C．disagreed with D．waited for 6．A．successfully B．finally C．especially D．healthily 7．A．practiced B．regretted C．imagined D．kept 8．A．bottles B．knives C．spoons D．chopsticks 9．A．means B．accepts C．refuses D．fears 10．A．touched B．left C．changed D．raised 11．A．if B．though C．until D．when 12．A．oil B．water C．salt D．sugar 13．A．mouths B．eyes C．ears D．noses 14．A．popular B．necessary C．wrong D．crazy 15．A．protecting B．washing C．shaking D．relaxing （四） When you travel to different countries, understanding their 1 customs is really important. It helps you make a good 2 and avoid mistakes. In China, there are many special traditions. For example, people use 3 to eat. It’s not 4 to stick them straight into the rice or point at others with them. And remember, when you’re offered a cup of tea in a Chinese home, you should 5 the cup with both hands to show respect. In Japan, bowing is a common way to greet others. Different types of bows have different 6 . For example, a deep bow can show great respect, like when you 7 someone on his or her wedding. Besides, you should not talk loudly at the table in Japan. But making noise while eating noodles is actually considered a sign that you enjoy the food, and that’s a bit different from other 8 ! In Western countries like the US, people often 9 hands when they meet for the first time. At the dinner table, they use knives and forks. It’s impolite to wear a 10 to a very formal dinner, but for a casual meal, it’s okay. 11 you’re not sure about how to behave, just watch others and do as they do. This can help you avoid looking 12 . In some Middle Eastern countries, it’s 13 to show the soles (鞋底) of your feet, so be careful how you sit. Also, when 14 food, using your left hand is thought to be unclean, so always use your right hand. Different countries have their own ways of doing things. 15 it’s about greeting, eating, or resting, the traditions make our world colourful. By learning about them, we can improve our ability to communicate and get along with people from all over the world. 1．A．art B．cultural C．music D．sports 2．A．impression B．dream C．plan D．decision 3．A．forks B．chopsticks C．spoons D．knives 4．A．proper B．wrong C．easy D．hard 5．A．buy B．break C．receive D．throw 6．A．meanings B．traditions C．opinions D．ideas 7．A．celebrate B．visit C．invite D．congratulate 8．A．cities B．countries C．restaurants D．families 9．A．clap B．raise C．shake D．rise 10．A．socks B．clothes C．T-shirt D．shoes 11．A．If B．Though C．What D．But 12．A．confident B．confused C．relaxed D．excited 13．A．impolite B．polite C．proper D．normal 14．A．giving B．eating C．buying D．cooking 15．A．When B．Whether C．Why D．How 话题3文学名著 （一） One day in autumn, Squire Gordon，my master (主人), went on a trip into town. John, my caretaker, went with him. I pulled the cart (马车). The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled 1 . Gordon’s business took a long time. We ate lunch quickly and we didn’t leave until late 2 . The wind was then much 3 My master said to John, “I have never been out in such a(n) 4 !” Mr Gordon and John could not see well in the rain. We came to a wooden bridge. It was very nearly 5 . We could just see that the water was over the middle of the bridge. But as that happened, sometimes when the water was out, my master did not stop. But the moment my feet touched the first part of the bridge, I felt sure there was something 6 . I dared (敢于) not to go forward，and I made a 7 stop. “Go on, Beauty,” said my master, and he gave me a touch with the whip (鞭子), but I dared not to move. He gave me a sharp cut and I 8 , but I dared not to go forward. “There’s something wrong, sir,” said John, and he got out and tried to 9 me forward. “Come on, Beauty.” But I knew that the bridge was not safe. Just then the man on the other side 10 to us. “Hey! Stop!” he cried. “What’s the matter?” shouted my master. “The bridge is broken in the middle, and the river 1 part of it away. If you go onto it, you’ll be into the river.” “Thank you for saving us, Beauty!” said John. He gently turned me round the 2 hand road by the river side. It grew darker and darker, 3 and quieter. When we returned home, Squire told Mrs Gordon, “Black Beauty saved our 4 . He knew the bridge was dangerous.” John took me to the stable (马厩). Oh! What a good 5 he gave me that night! What a nice bed of straw (稻草)! I was glad of it, for I was tired. —Adapted (改编) from Black Beauty 1．A．happily B．slowly C．sadly D．angrily 2．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 3．A．weaker B．colder C．stronger D．quicker 4．A．storm B．island C．journey D．accident 5．A．bright B．dark C．sunny D．clear 6．A．right B．wrong C．funny D．strange 7．A．easy B．dead C．slow D．soft 8．A．walked B．ran C．jumped D．fell 9．A．push B．pull C．lead D．carry 10．A．rose B．saw C．helped D．waved 11．A．carried B．threw C．took D．moved 12．A．sudden B．right C．big D．worth 13．A．louder B．quieter C．brighter D．windier 14．A．cart B．time C．lives D．trip 15．A．bed B．supper C．ride D．whip （二） When I was little, my mum read storybooks to me every night. Over time, I developed an interest in 1 . After I started school, I began to read more books by 2 . The characters in the books became my special friends. They were like lighthouses (灯塔), 3 me through the darkness. A few days ago, I finished reading the book Robinson Crusoe. It was a wonderful book, and its main 4 Robinson left a deep impression (印象) on me. In the book, Robinson left home and went on a trip by ship. Unluckily, his ship 5 into rocks in a storm, and he ended up living on a 6 island for 28 years. Living in the wild, Robinson faced many 7 . However, he always looked on the bright side and tried his best to 8 . He built a house, grew crops, raised animals, and even made his own 9 . Once, he needed to make a big pot to cook food. He didn’t give up, 10 he failed many times. He kept trying no matter how difficult the situation was. 11 , he successfully made a useful pot. I have 12 a lot through reading the book. I used to be scared when facing problems. Robinson’s spirit 13 me to be more independent, more positive and braver. In yesterday’s dance class, I hurt (使受伤) my left foot and almost cried over the pain. Just then, I 14 Robinson Crusoe. He faced much worse situations on that island, so I told myself to be 15 . That moment made me understand how books helped me grow into a better person. 1．A．carving B．dancing C．reading D．cycling 2．A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．themselves 3．A．guiding B．following C．finding D．describing 4．A．picture B．review C．article D．character 5．A．broke B．developed C．divided D．crashed 6．A．modern B．crowded C．faraway D．comfortable 7．A．chances B．ideas C．troubles D．methods 8．A．relax B．survive C．hide D．discuss 9．A．tools B．books C．gifts D．machines 10．A．if B．because C．until D．though 11．A．Nearly B．Finally C．Closely D．Especially 12．A．moved B．worried C．changed D．completed 13．A．wished B．ordered C．preferred D．encouraged 14．A．avoided B．invited C．excused D．remembered 15．A．strong B．patient C．caring D．honest （三） Recently, I read the classic novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Its 1 is Jules Verne from France. In the book, Verne 2 an amazing ocean world for us. The story 3 with a strange “sea monster (怪兽)” in the ocean. To 4 the truth, Professor Aronnax and his partners set out to hunt it. To their surprise, “the sea monster” is not a real animal. 5 , it is a high-tech submarine (潜水艇) named the Nautilus, and its owner is Captain Nemo. He is my favourite 6 in the book. He thinks the world above the sea is not 7 , so he chooses to stay away from the land world and live underwater. Captain Nemo takes Professor Aronnax and his partners on an adventure around the world. During the journey, they experience both the wonders and 8 of the ocean. Finally, the Nautilus gets into a big whirlpool (旋涡). After that, 9 knows what happens to Captain Nemo. Maybe he disappears (消失) with the Nautilus. In my opinion, the novel is more than just an adventure story. The technology in the book is fantastic. 10 the Nautilus is just an imagined submarine, its high-tech design still surprises us today. It shows Verne’s great 11 . Besides, it also makes me think about the 12 of technology on our lives. Technology can 13 us with each other, but it can also create barriers (障碍) between people. Should Captain Nemo 14 facing real-life problems? Or is it better for him to face them bravely? In 15 , this book is meaningful and well worth reading. I strongly recommend this great book to all of you. 1．A．reporter B．librarian C．writer D．publisher 2．A．advised B．explored C．discussed D．described 3．A．ends B．starts C．deals D．agrees 4．A．find out B．make up C．look after D．show off 5．A．Besides B．However C．Instead D．Moreover 6．A．story B．character C．picture. D．message 7．A．boring B．tiring C．satisfying D．worrying 8．A．secrets B．dangers C．treasures D．attractions 9．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 10．A．So B．Since C．Because D．Although 11．A．creativity B．wealth C．trouble D．power 12．A．damage B．record C．review D．effect 13．A．help B．divide C．connect D．provide 14．A．forget B．avoid C．finish D．suggest 15．A．history B．memory C．surprise D．summary （四） My favorite book is Flowers in the Mirror. Li Ruzhen 1 this book in the Qing Dynasty. The most interesting part of the 2 is about Duo Jiugong, Tang Ao and Lin Zhiyang’s adventures. Together, they go to many different countries. Their special trips impress (使印象深刻) me. One of the most interesting 3 they take is to “The Black-tooth Country”. They 4 people in the country are black all over. Mr. Duo believes that people in the country must be very 5 . He decides to show off (炫耀) how smart he is in front of them after 6 there. But to Mr. Duo’s 7 , every person in the country is actually very knowledgeable (知识渊博的). Even a young schoolgirl 8 more than him. Mr. Duo’s face turns 9 . He never says that he is a knowledgeable person 10 that. There is an old 11 , “Never judge (评价) a book by its cover.” Everyone around us 12 be our teacher. I used to love showing off my knowledge, just like Mr. Duo. 13 I finished reading this book, I have changed a lot. And I have found that there are actually many things I can 14 my classmates. In some ways, they 15 can do a better job than me. Being a humble (谦虚的) person can help us learn many great things! 1．A．borrowed B．wrote C．read D．copied 2．A．object B．chore C．band D．book 3．A．opinions B．deals C．trips D．signs 4．A．find B．offer C．compare D．report 5．A．poor B．magic C．typical D．stupid 6．A．recording B．reaching C．hiding D．reminding 7．A．surprise B．excitement C．silence D．kindness 8．A．achieves B．cheers C．knows D．smiles 9．A．white B．red C．black D．blue 10．A．after B．during C．under D．towards 11．A．culture B．story C．saying D．habit 12．A．can B．must C．need D．should 13．A．If B．Although C．So D．Since 14．A．turn into B．care about C．look after D．learn from 15．A．differently B．actually C．finally D．hardly 话题4志愿服务 （一） Volunteering is a great way to help others and improve ourselves. It is one of the most meaningful 1 in our life. I take part in volunteer activities every month. I often go to the old people’s home with my classmates in my 2 time. Many elderly people live alone. They feel lonely and need people to 3 them. We usually talk with them patiently, help them clean their rooms and listen to their old stories. Some of them are 4 , so we read newspapers and books for them. Some can’t walk easily, so we help them sit on the chair and push their 5 when they want to walk outside. It’s not easy to be a good volunteer. It 6 lots of time and patience. We can’t be rude or talk 7 in front of them. We must behave well and show our 8 to the elderly. Sometimes we give up our weekend plans, but we never 9 doing this. We also raise money for some charities to help 10 children. These kids suffer from illnesses and need special care. We try our best to 11 a helping hand to them. We believe small help can make a big 12 to their life. Being a volunteer teaches me good manners and life lessons. It makes me 13 that helping others is helping ourselves. It’s not about getting medals or praise, but about 14 love and warmth to people around us. I will keep on volunteering and 15 more people to join us. 1．A．stories B．experiences C．competitions D．illnesses 2．A．busy B．free C．spare D．both B and C 3．A．look after B．give up C．wait for D．get used to 4．A．blind B．deaf C．elderly D．disabled 5．A．seat belts B．bikes C．wheelchairs D．plates 6．A．requires B．refuses C．reminds D．reduces 7．A．quietly B．politely C．loudly D．respectfully 8．A．interest B．respect C．courage D．ability 9．A．enjoy B．mind C．avoid D．practise 10．A．poor B．happy C．healthy D．lazy 11．A．take B．make C．give D．carry 12．A．difference B．decision C．difficulty D．discussion 13．A．realize B．reply C．raise D．recommend 14．A．sending B．providing C．donating D．bringing 15．A．order B．invite C．force D．allow （二） Last summer, I decided to volunteer at a local animal shelter. I had always loved animals, and I wanted to help 1 dogs and cats find loving homes. When I first arrived at the shelter, I was 2 by how many animals there were. There were dogs of all sizes and ages, and cats that were shy and scared. At first, I was nervous around the dogs, especially the big ones. But the shelter workers 3 me how to approach them safely, and soon I felt comfortable. My main job was to 4 the dogs, clean their cages, and play with them. I also helped with 5 the cats, giving them food and water, and cleaning their litter boxes. One day, a small, brown dog named Max came to the shelter. He was very shy and 6 to come near anyone. I spent a lot of time sitting near his cage, talking to him softly and giving him treats. After a few days, he started to 7 me, and he would come to the cage door when he saw me. I decided to 8 him for a walk every day, and soon he became my favorite dog at the shelter. After a few weeks, a family came to the shelter looking for a dog. They saw Max and 9 in love with him immediately. They adopted him, and I was so 10 to see him go to a loving home. It was a bittersweet moment, but I knew that Max would be happy with his new family. Volunteering at the animal shelter was one of the 11 experiences of my life. It taught me the importance of 12 others, especially those who can’t help themselves. It also taught me that even a small act of 13 can make a big difference in an animal’s life. If you are looking for a way to 14 your community, I highly recommend volunteering at an animal shelter. It’s a rewarding experience that will 15 your heart, and you will be helping animals in need. 1．A．homeless B．happy C．healthy D．strong 2．A．excited B．surprised C．bored D．angry 3．A．asked B．told C．taught D．ordered 4．A．feed B．sell C．buy D．train 5．A．looking for B．looking after C．looking at D．looking up 6．A．happy B．willing C．afraid D．ready 7．A．trust B．fear C．hate D．ignore 8．A．make B．take C．get D．keep 9．A．fell B．got C．became D．turned 10．A．sad B．happy C．worried D．nervous 11．A．worst B．hardest C．best D．easiest 12．A．helping B．hurting C．watching D．following 13．A．kindness B．cruelty C．anger D．fear 14．A．leave B．join C．help D．visit 15．A．break B．warm C．hurt D．open （三） I do volunteer work every Friday. A week ago, I had the pleasure of helping one sick lady. She is in her eighties and is very weak and I 1 bring her lunch on Fridays. She looked worried 2 she opened the door that day. She told me her phone was broken and that she couldn’t receive the 3 from her doctor. She went to her 4 next door, but they were not at home. She thought maybe the mailman (邮递员) could 5 her, but he didn’t come. Having heard her story, I decided to do 6 for her. I tried to meet the needs of the old 7 who only needed a helping hand. I called the phone company (公司) and made sure they knew that getting this phone fixed was 8 . I 9 her phone number and her name. I wanted to make sure I could call her 10 . And I wanted to make sure that the phone had been fixed. I called the phone company twice that day. They told me they had checked the phone and 11 it. I called the old woman. She was so 12 that she was in tears. To make sure she was 13 , I called her every day after that. Just helping her when she was in trouble filled my heart with such 14 and happiness. It is not so hard to help someone 15 a neighbour. Volunteering will make the world different. Sometimes, people just need a smile, a hug or a phone call. 1．A．always B．seldom C．hardly D．never 2．A．but B．if C．until D．when 3．A．medicine B．call C．letter D．news 4．A．volunteers B．classmates C．neighbours D．friends 5．A．see B．know C．help D．watch 6．A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 7．A．woman B．doctor C．mailman D．nurse 8．A．possible B．difficult C．important D．interesting 9．A．cut down B．lay down C．slowed down D．wrote down 10．A．quietly B．later C．quickly D．suddenly 11．A．bought B．picked C．answered D．fixed 12．A．thankful B．worried C．confused D．relaxed 13．A．strong B．busy C．fine D．lonely 14．A．thoughts B．love C．surprise D．spirits 15．A．like B．under C．across D．over （四） Logan Ober, a teenager in Canada, started a project (项目) to give people free computers. He’s young, 1 he’s good at computers. One day, there was something 2 with his teacher’s computer. He helped 3 it and this made him happy. Then the boy got an idea. He 4 to turn this skill into a way to help others. In his free time, Logan often collects broken, old and unused computers from schools and office buildings. Then he fixes them and gives them away to 5 people. By now, he has helped more than one hundred people. And kids in a Children’s Home are among them. “He has offered 6 many computers. So the kids here can 7 them for online learning,” said Nancy Young, a worker in the Children’s Home. However, this project isn’t always 8 . Sometimes he has to spend a few days fixing one computer. But he 9 feels bored. When people asked him 10 he started the project, Logan said it was computers that had changed his life. “I was once upset. I used to 11 all kinds of things in life. However, the 12 for computers helped me beat it, so I wanted to do something for people in need. Some people are too poor to buy computers. Some people have old computers but they have no 13 what to do with them. I just do my part to make them 14 again,” he said. Logan thinks a man’s rubbish can be another man’s treasure (珍宝) . The boy says he’ll 15 repairing old computers and giving them to people in need. He’ll try his best to make the world better. 1．A．because B．or C．but D．as 2．A．wide B．wrong C．exciting D．important 3．A．break B．return C．throw D．repair 4．A．decided B．refused C．forgot D．agreed 5．A．clever B．poor C．handsome D．serious 6．A．him B．you C．her D．us 7．A．use B．change C．copy D．describe 8．A．easy B．slow C．boring D．terrible 9．A．even B．never C．often D．still 10．A．when B．where C．why D．what 11．A．talk about B．look for C．hear from D．worry about 12．A．way B．step C．love D．accident 13．A．idea B．money C．place D．role 14．A．proper B．healthy C．useful D．delicious 15．A．advise B．keep C．stop D．practice 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 完形填空 话题1自然灾害与防范 （一） Natural disasters are scary. But knowledge and quick 1 are your best tools to survive. The most important thing is to 2 before disasters hit. This helps you 3 yourself and your family. Step 1: Prepare Now Don’t wait! Learn about 1 in your area, such as earthquakes and floods. 2 an emergency kit with water, food and so on. Know safe places in your home (like under a strong table for earthquakes) and your community’s safe routes. You’d better 3 practice with your family. Step 2: Act Fast When Danger Comes As soon as you feel an earthquake, drop to the ground, 1 your head and neck. And hold on until the shaking stops. 2 to stay away from windows. If a flood warning sounds, 3 to stay or walk through floodwaters. As soon as you hear the warning, move right away to 4 ground. Step 3: Stay Calm & Think Panic (恐慌) is 1 . Use your thinking skills. Take a deep breath. Remember your 2 . Use your whistle (口哨) for help if you have 3 . Avoid broken buildings and power lines after the 4 . In short, good preparations and calm thinking guard your life. 5 you know danger is coming, act on your knowledge. Refuse to let fear control you. By planning ahead and staying calm, you can get more chances of staying safe during nature’s challenges. 1．A．thinking B．jumping C．speaking D．flying 2．A．take notes B．catch fire C．make preparations D．break rules 3．A．hit B．guard C．warn D．interview 4．A．risks B．waves C．hobbies D．subjects 5．A．Enter B．Become C．Remind D．Prepare 6．A．never B．often C．seldom D．hardly 7．A．open B．wash C．kill D．cover 8．A．Mean B．Avoid C．Remember D．Teach 9．A．refuse B．express C．explain D．decide 10．A．smaller B．lower C．bigger D．higher 11．A．safe B．dangerous C．strict D．patient 12．A．dream B．hope C．progress D．plan 13．A．trouble B．failure C．fun D．medicine 14．A．party B．disaster C．festival D．meeting 15．A．So that B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order that 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文介绍了面对自然灾害的生存指南，包括灾前准备、危险来临时的快速行动以及灾后保持冷静思考的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：但知识和快速思考是你生存的最佳工具。 根据“knowledge”并列及固定搭配“quick thinking”，可知思考是生存工具，thinking“思考”符合语境。jumping跳跃，speaking说话，flying飞行，不符合生存工具逻辑。 1．句意：最重要的是在灾害来临前做好准备。 根据下文“Step 1: Prepare Now”，可知灾前需要准备，make preparations“做准备”符合语境。take notes记笔记，catch fire着火，break rules破坏规则，不符合安全逻辑。 2．句意：这有助于保护你和你的家人。 根据上文准备工作的目的，可知是为了保护家人，guard“保卫”符合语境。hit撞击，warn警告，interview采访，不符合保护生命的语境。 3．句意：了解你所在地区的风险，如地震和洪水。 根据“earthquakes and floods”，可知这些属于自然灾害风险，risks“风险”符合语境。waves波浪，hobbies爱好，subjects科目，不符合灾害分类。 4．句意：准备一个装有水、食物等的应急包。 根据“emergency kit”，可知需要准备应急包，Prepare“准备”符合语境。Enter进入，Become变成，Remind提醒，不符合搭配逻辑。 5．句意：你最好经常和家人一起练习。 根据安全演练常识，可知需要经常练习，often“经常”符合语境。never从未，seldom很少，hardly几乎不，不利于安全生存。 6．句意：一旦你感觉到地震，趴在地上，护住头部和颈部。 根据地震自救常识“Drop, Cover, Hold on”，可知要护住头部，cover“覆盖”符合语境。open打开，wash洗，kill杀，不符合自我保护动作。 7．句意：记得远离窗户。 根据“Remember to do”固定搭配，可知是提醒记得去做。Remember“记住”符合语境。Mean意味着，Avoid避免，后接doing，Teach教，不符合祈使句逻辑。 8．句意：如果发出洪水警告，拒绝停留或走过洪水。 根据洪水安全常识，可知应拒绝涉险，refuse“拒绝”符合语境。express表达，explain解释，decide决定，不符合避险逻辑。 9．句意：一旦你听到警告，立即移动到更高的地面。 根据洪水逃生常识，可知往高处跑，higher“更高的”符合语境。smaller更小的，lower更低的，bigger更大的，不符合逃生方向。 10．句意：恐慌是危险的。 根据“Stay Calm”，可知恐慌是不好的，dangerous“危险的”符合语境。safe安全的，strict严厉的，patient耐心的，不符合恐慌的后果。 11．句意：记住你的计划。 根据前文“planning ahead”，可知要记住预案，plan“计划”符合语境。dream梦想，hope希望，progress进步，不符合灾前准备内容。 12．句意：如果有困难，用口哨求救。 根据“for help”，可知是遇到麻烦时，trouble“麻烦”符合语境。failure失败，fun乐趣，medicine药，不符合求救情境。 13．句意：灾后避免破损建筑和电线。 根据全文主题“Natural disasters”，可知是灾害之后，disaster“灾害”符合语境。party聚会，festival节日，meeting会议，不符合文章主题。 14．句意：一旦你知道危险来临，就运用知识行动。 根据“act on your knowledge”，可知表示时间紧迫性，As soon as“一……就”符合语境。So that以便，Even though即使，In order that为了，不符合时间状语逻辑。 （二） Life was hard for the Chinese farmers who lived near the Yellow River. Over the past few hundred years, the river 1 China’s Great Plain more than 1,500 times. People suffered 2 in each flood. Many of them died, and those who 3 were left with nothing. In September 1887, it was a 4 month. The river began to rise, and people feared it would break its banks (岸), 5 no one was willing to leave. It was their home where their family members and 6 had lived together for hundreds of years. And it was harvest time (收获季节). They would 7 hunger if they didn’t harvest their crops (庄稼) soon. The rain continued to fall, and the river rose 8 . Some farmers harvested the crops. Others built dikes (堤) to 9 against the flood. But it didn’t work. Near the city of Zhengzhou, the river finally 10 the dikes. The flood swept away the farmers in the fields. The sound of running water was so loud that no one could hear them 11 . As the water reached the villages, people climbed onto their 12 for safety. Even though people were in 13 , everyone helped each other. They used boats to 14 others bravely. The flood covered 11 cities and 1,500 villages and killed about 900,000 people. And it took 18 months to fix the dikes and bring the river back under 15 . Thankfully, today, the flood defences (防御) along the Yellow River are much better. 1．A．has replaced B．has formed C．has burned D．has flooded 2．A．easily B．terribly C．quietly D．kindly 3．A．survived B．disappeared C．attended D．mentioned 4．A．windy B．rainy C．sunny D．cloudy 5．A．and B．so C．but D．or 6．A．actors B．doctors C．relatives D．coaches 7．A．search for B．prepare for C．learn from D．suffer from 8．A．higher B．earlier C．slower D．longer 9．A．harm B．guard C．reach D．choose 10．A．shut B．improved C．decorated D．broke 11．A．scream B．sing C．laugh D．argue 12．A．beds B．tables C．roofs D．stages 13．A．anger B．trouble C．surprise D．joy 14．A．greet B．invite C．rescue D．shoot 15．A．pressure B．preparation C．control D．discussion 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．C 【解析】本文讲述了1887年黄河大洪水的历史事件，描述了洪水给沿岸农民带来的巨大灾难以及人们在灾难中互帮互助的精神，最后提到今天的黄河防洪设施已大为改善。 【详解】16．句意：在过去的几百年里，黄河已经淹没了中国的平原超过1500次。 根据下文描述洪水造成的灾难，可知黄河“淹没”了平原，应选用has flooded。has replaced“取代”，has formed“形成”，has burned“烧毁”，均不符合语境。 1．句意：人们在每次洪水中都遭受了极大的痛苦。 根据下文许多人死亡、幸存者一无所有，可知苦难深重，应选用terribly。easily“容易地”，quietly“安静地”，kindly“友善地”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：他们中的许多人死了，而那些幸存下来的人也一无所有。 根据上文“Many of them died”，以及下文“were left with nothing”，可知此处指“幸存下来的人”，应选用survived。disappeared“消失”，attended“参加”，mentioned“提到”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：1887年9月，这是一个多雨的月份。 根据下文“The rain continued to fall”，可知这个月“多雨”，应选用rainy。windy“多风的”，sunny“晴朗的”，cloudy“多云的”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：河水开始上涨，人们担心它会决堤，但没有人愿意离开。 上文说担心决堤，下文说没人愿意离开，前后为转折关系，应用but表示“但是”。and表并列，so表结果，or表选择，均不符合逻辑关系。 5．句意：这是他们的家，他们的家人和亲戚已经在这里共同生活了数百年。 根据语境，与家人并列的应是“亲戚”，应选用relatives。actors“演员”，doctors“医生”，coaches“教练”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：如果他们不尽快收割庄稼，就会遭受饥饿。 根据“if they didn’t harvest their crops”，可知不收割庄稼会导致挨饿。suffer from hunger表示“遭受饥饿”，符合语境。search for“寻找”，prepare for“准备”，learn from“向……学习”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：雨持续下着，河水涨得更高了。 根据上文河水上涨，雨持续，水位应“更高”，应选用higher。earlier“更早”，slower“更慢”，longer“更长”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：其他人筑堤防御洪水。 根据“built dikes”，目的是保护家园抵御洪水。guard against表示“抵御、防范”，符合语境。harm“伤害”，reach“到达”，choose“选择”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：在郑州附近，河水最终冲毁了堤坝。 根据“But it didn’t work”，可知堤坝失效被水冲破。break the dikes表示“冲垮堤坝”，符合语境。shut“关闭”，improved“改进”，decorated“装饰”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：水流的声音太大了，没有人能听到他们的尖叫。 根据上文洪水冲走农民，他们在危险中会“尖叫”，应选用scream。sing“唱歌”，laugh“笑”，argue“争论”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：当水漫到村庄时，人们爬到屋顶上避难。 根据洪水逃生常识，人们会爬到“屋顶”上，应选用roofs。beds“床”，tables“桌子”，stages“舞台”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：尽管人们身处困境，但每个人都互相帮助。 根据洪水背景，人们处于危险和困难中，in trouble是固定短语，表示“处于困境中”，符合语境。anger“愤怒”，surprise“惊讶”，joy“快乐”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：他们勇敢地用船去营救其他人。 根据上文互相帮助，洪水救人应用“营救”，应选用rescue。greet“问候”，invite“邀请”，shoot“射击”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：花了18个月修复堤坝，使河流重新受控。 under control是固定短语，表示“处于控制之下”，符合“重新控制河流”的语境。pressure“压力”，preparation“准备”，discussion“讨论”，均不符合语境。 （三） On November 16th, 2024, I was staying in Shanghai. The wind was very strong, and I could see leaves flying here and there. The sky also became 1 little by little. Heavy rain poured down and then I could see the raindrops hitting our windows. My family were staying at home and 2 TV. A big 3 named Bebinca came to Shanghai at around 7:30 that morning. It was very strong and scary. The 4 of the typhoon had maximum (最大的) winds of 14 levels. The wind was blowing 5 all day and it sounded terrible. My parents stopped their work and 6 . My brother and I couldn’t go to school either. The TV and the internet both said it was 7 for people to go outside on such a bad day. So there was no one outside then. For me, it wasn’t a good 8 . People couldn’t take planes, buses or other public 9 . The weather report said the typhoon brought strong winds and rain to Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui. It might 10 windows. Two days later, the sun 11 . Our family went outside and found that trees and road signs were uprooted (连根拔起), and 12 were fully flooded by the heavy rain. Workers were working hard to 13 the water and branches on the streets. Everyone tried their best to 14 . 15 the storm was strong, we worked together to overcome it. Everyone stayed safe and got through this typhoon. 1．A．dark B．big C．huge D．blue 2．A．watching B．hearing C．looking D．seeing 3．A．flood B．sight C．storm D．lightning 4．A．north B．west C．south D．center 5．A．quickly B．strongly C．quietly D．brightly 6．A．stayed in B．dropped off C．hung out D．worked out 7．A．common B．helpless C．dangerous D．tiring 8．A．habit B．journey C．example D．experience 9．A．energy B．technology C．service D．transport 10．A．cut B．break C．kill D．build 11．A．appeared B．picked C．lay D．turned 12．A．shops B．houses C．supermarkets D．streets 13．A．fix B．control C．clear D．heat 14．A．treat B．change C．beat D．help 15．A．Although B．As C．Because D．If 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 【解析】本文讲述了台风“贝碧嘉”登陆上海期间，作者一家的经历以及台风带来的影响，展现了人们共同应对灾害的过程。 【详解】31．句意：天空也渐渐变得昏暗。 根据前文“The wind was very strong, and I could see leaves flying here and there. Heavy rain poured down”，可知天气恶劣，天空会逐渐变“暗”，对应dark，big大的、huge巨大的、blue蓝色的，均不符合语境。 1．句意：我的家人待在家里看电视。 固定搭配watch TV表示“看电视”，and连接并列结构，前面是were staying，所以此处用watching。hearing听、looking看，不及物动词，常与at搭配、seeing看见，强调结果，均不符合。 2．句意：一个名为贝碧嘉的大风暴在那天早上7:30左右来到上海。 根据后文“the typhoon”可知，此处指台风，storm符合语境，flood洪水、sight景象、lightning闪电，均不符合语境。 3．句意：台风的中心有14级最大风力。 根据常识，台风的“中心”风力最强。center符合语境，north北方、west西方、south南方，均不符合语境。 4．句意：风一整天都猛烈地刮着，听起来很可怕。 根据后文“it sounded terrible”，可知风刮得很“猛烈”，strongly符合语境，quickly快速地、quietly安静地、brightly明亮地，均不符合语境。 5．句意：我的父母停止了工作并待在家里。 根据后文“My brother and I couldn’t go to school either”，可知大家都待在家里，stayed in符合语境，dropped off打瞌睡、hung out闲逛、worked out锻炼，均不符合语境。 6．句意：电视和网络都说在这样糟糕的天气外出对人们来说是危险的。 根据后文“So there was no one outside then”，可知外出是“危险的”，dangerous符合语境，common常见的、helpless无助的、tiring累人的，均不符合语境。 7．句意：对我来说，这不是一次好的经历。 根据前文描述的台风天气和无法外出的情况，可知这不是一次好的“经历”，experience符合语境，habit习惯、journey旅程、example例子，均不符合语境。 8．句意：人们不能乘坐飞机、公交车或其他公共交通。 根据常识，台风天公共“交通”会停运，transport符合语境，energy能量、technology技术、service服务，均不符合语境。 9．句意：它可能会打破窗户。 根据前文台风风力极强的描述，可知强风可能会“打破”窗户，break符合语境，cut切割、kill杀死、build建造，均不符合语境。 10．句意：两天后，太阳出来了。 根据前文描述的台风天气，两天后台风过去，太阳“出现”了，appeared符合语境，picked捡起、lay躺、turned转动，均不符合语境。 11．句意：我们一家人出去，发现树木和路牌被连根拔起，街道被大雨完全淹没。 根据后文“flooded by the heavy rain”及常识，台风后街道会被积水淹没，streets符合语境，shops商店、houses房屋、supermarkets超市，均不符合语境。 12．句意：工人们正在努力清理街道上的积水和树枝。 根据后文“the water and branches on the streets”，可知工人会“清理”这些杂物，clear符合语境，fix修理、control控制、heat加热，均不符合语境。 13．句意：每个人都尽最大努力去帮助。 根据前文描述的灾后清理场景，可知大家都在互相“帮助”，help符合语境，treat对待、change改变、beat打败，均不符合语境。 14．句意：虽然风暴很猛烈，我们一起努力克服了它。 根据前后句逻辑，此处表示“虽然/尽管”，引导让步状语从句，Although符合语境，As因为/当……时候、Because因为、If如果，均不符合语境。 （四） Last summer, I had an unusual experience. A heavy rainfall 1 my hometown. It rained more 2 than it had all year. To begin with, people didn’t pay much attention to it. However, the water in the river rose 3 . We immediately 4 prepare for the coming flood. Dad took our first-aid kit. Mom and I took some water, food and warm clothes. Then, we moved to the third floor of our house. From the window, we saw flood water 5 the streets. Many cars were 6 the water. Some houses near the river were flooded, too. The rain was still 7 . But luckily we were 8 . Enough 9 also helped us stay calm. The next morning, the rain stopped. Volunteers arrived by boat to help people 10 . After the flood, the local community worked together to clean the streets and 11 the houses. Some people 12 in the flood, but the government and kind people offered help to them at once. They started to recover (恢复) from the 13 . Now, I know that natural disasters can be terrible, but we shouldn’t be 14 of them. Good preparation and teamwork can help 15 damage from natural disasters. 1．A．hit B．forced C．glued D．blew 2．A．heavily B．often C．strongly D．brightly 3．A．slowly B．suddenly C．clearly D．usually 4．A．took action to B．paid attention to C．looked forward to D．hung on to 5．A．keeping off B．fighting against C．sweeping through D．turning to 6．A．short of B．stuck in C．rich in D．full of 7．A．breaking down B．getting down C．pouring down D．falling down 8．A．safe B．quiet C．terrible D．harmful 9．A．help B．preparation C．energy D．information 10．A．in need B．in public C．in fear D．in order 11．A．repair B．prepare C．volunteer D．sweep 12．A．offered their opinions B．lost their ways C．saved their lives D．lost their homes 13．A．passage B．disaster C．wound D．disease 14．A．scared B．angry C．glad D．surprised 15．A．force B．bleed C．reduce D．burn 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文讲述了作者去年夏天经历的一场洪水灾害。描述了洪水来临时的紧急准备、安全撤离以及灾后恢复的过程，强调了准备的重要性。 【详解】46．句意：一场强降雨袭击了我的家乡。 表示自然灾害“袭击/侵袭”常用“hit”。“forced”强迫，“glued”粘贴，“blew”吹，均不符合。 1．句意：雨下得比全年任何时候都大。 修饰动词“rained”应用副词，描述雨大用“heavily”。 2．句意：然而，河里的水位突然上涨。 根据后文大家立即准备应对洪水，可知水位是“突然地”上涨，故选suddenly。“slowly”缓慢地，“clearly”清楚地，“usually”通常，均不符合。 3．句意：我们立即采取行动为即将到来的洪水做准备。 “took action to”意为“采取行动做某事”，符合语境，故选A。“paid attention to”注意，“looked forward to”期待，“hung on to”紧紧抓住，均不符合。 4．句意：从窗户我们看到洪水席卷了街道。 “sweeping through”意为“席卷/横扫”，形象地描述洪水冲过街道，符合语境。“keeping off”远离，“fighting against”与……斗争，“turning to”转向/求助于，均不符合。 5．句意：许多汽车被困在水中。 “stuck in”意为“困在……中”，符合语境。“short of”缺乏，“rich in”富含，“full of”充满，均不符合。 6．句意：雨仍然倾盆而下。 “pouring down”意为“倾盆而下”，形容雨下得很大，符合语境。“breaking down”发生故障/分解，“getting down”下来，“falling down”跌倒/倒塌，均不符合。 7．句意：但幸运的是，我们是安全的。 根据前文他们做了准备、搬到三楼，后文志愿者来帮助，可知他们是“安全的”(safe)。“quiet”安静的，“terrible”可怕的，“harmful”有害的，均不符合。 8．句意：充分的准备也帮助我们保持冷静。 根据前文他们提前准备了急救包、水、食物、衣服等，可知是“准备”帮助了他们，故选preparation。 9．句意：志愿者乘船来帮助有需要的人。 “in need”意为“有需要的”，符合语境。“in public”公开地，“in fear”害怕地，“in order”有序地/整齐地，均不符合。 10．句意：洪水过后，当地社区齐心协力清理街道和修理房屋。 根据前文洪水过后需要重建，以及“clean the streets”并列，可知他们“修理/修复”房屋，故选repair。“prepare”准备，“volunteer”志愿做，“sweep”清扫，均不符合。 11．句意：有些人在洪水中失去了家园，但政府和善良的人们立刻向他们提供了帮助。 根据后文“offered help to them”，可知这些人遭受了损失，“lost their homes”意为“失去了家园”，符合语境。“offered their opinions”提供了意见，“lost their ways”迷路了，“saved their lives”救了他们的命，均不符合。 12．句意：他们开始从灾害中恢复。 根据全文讲述洪水灾害，此处用“disaster”(灾害)。“passage”段落/通道，“wound”伤口，“disease”疾病，均不符合。 13．句意：自然灾害可能很可怕，但我们不应该害怕它们。 “be scared of”是固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，符合语境，故选scared。 14．句意：充分的准备和团队合作可以帮助减少自然灾害造成的损失。 “reduce damage”意为“减少损失”，符合语境，故选reduce。“force”强迫，“bleed”流血，“burn”燃烧，均不符合。 话题2礼仪与习俗 （一） Something that I learnt from both my parents was the importance of having respect for other people. I remember one day when we were travelling on a bus and I sat down while other people were 1 . My mother shouted at me, “ 2 immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” At the time I felt embarrassed about being told off (责备) 3 , but now I understand. I think children nowadays have 4 the respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while 5 people are standing. One area in which we had a lot of rules was 6 manners. For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal 7 the oldest person had started. We had to say “thank you” when our 8 was served, and eat everything on our plates before we could 9 the table. We couldn’t 10 any noise when eating. Worse than that, we were only allowed to have sweets at the weekend, as a special 11 if we had been good. Although my upbringing (养育) was perhaps a bit strict (严格的) compared with 12 children, I’m very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear 13 in life. Even though I was sometimes punished, I think it has made me a better person. 14 my opinion, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with 15 people and realize they are not the center of the world. 1．A．sitting B．talking C．standing D．sleeping 2．A．Get up B．Sit up C．Give up D．Look up 3．A．in order B．in public C．in surprise D．in person 4．A．won B．shown C．wasted D．lost 5．A．older B．richer C．taller D．heavier 6．A．greeting B．table C．watching D．tour 7．A．if B．because C．until D．though 8．A．farm B．water C．house D．food 9．A．move B．book C．leave D．lay 10．A．make B．express C．warn D．advise 11．A．lesson B．treat C．check D．need 12．A．lovely B．careless C．modern D．perfect 13．A．direction B．answer C．message D．plan 14．A．For B．At C．To D．In 15．A．some B．other C．few D．several 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文作者回忆父母教导的尊重他人及餐桌礼仪，感激严格养育让自己明白规则，学会与人相处，不再以自我为中心。 【详解】61．我坐下，而其他人站着。   后文提到母亲责备作者，让她起身让座，说明当时其他人是“站着”的，standing符合语境；sitting“坐着”、talking“交谈”、sleeping“睡觉”均不符合语境。 1．句意：母亲对我喊道：“马上起来！你有年轻的腿，不需要坐下。”   后文提到母亲让作者让座，Get up“起来”符合语境；Sit up“坐直”、Give up“放弃”、Look up“查阅”均不符合语境。 2．句意：当时在公共场合被责备，我感到很尴尬。   事情发生在公交车上，是公共场合，in public“在公共场合”符合语境；in order“按顺序”、in surprise“惊讶地”、in person“亲自”均不符合语境。 3．句意：我认为现在的孩子已经失去了这种尊重，如果看到孩子坐着而年长的人站着，我真的很生气。 后文提到作者对孩子不尊重长辈的行为感到生气，说明现在的孩子lost“失去”了这种尊重，符合语境；won“赢得”、shown“展示”、wasted“浪费”均不符合语境。 4．句意：我真的很生气，如果看到孩子坐着而年长的人站着。 前文提到母亲让作者给长辈让座，说明此处是older“年长的”人站着，符合语境；richer“更富有的”、taller“更高的”、heavier“更重的”均不符合语境。 5．句意：我们有很多规矩的一个方面是餐桌礼仪。 后文提到吃饭时的各种规矩，属于table manners“餐桌礼仪”，符合语境；greeting“问候”、watching“观看”、tour“旅行”均不符合语境。 6．句意：例如，我们不允许在最年长的人开始吃饭之前就开始吃饭。 此处表示“直到……才”，not…until…为固定搭配，until符合语境；if“如果”、because“因为”、though“虽然”均不符合语境。 7．句意：当我们的食物被端上来时，我们必须说“谢谢”。   此处指用餐时食物被端上，food“食物”符合语境；farm“农场”、water“水”、house“房子”均不符合语境。 8．句意：在离开餐桌之前，我们必须把盘子里的东西都吃完。 吃完饭后要离开餐桌，leave“离开”符合语境；move“移动”、book“预订”、lay“放置”均不符合语境。 9．句意：吃饭时我们不能发出任何噪音。 固定搭配make noise表示“发出噪音”，make符合语境；express“表达”、warn“警告”、advise“建议”均不符合语境。 10．句意：更糟糕的是，我们只允许在周末吃糖果，作为表现好的特殊奖励。 表现好才能吃糖果，是一种特殊待遇，treat“款待/奖励” 符合语境；lesson“课程”、check“检查”、need“需要”均不符合语境。 11．句意：虽然我的成长经历和现代的孩子相比可能有点严格，但我很感谢父母给了我明确的人生方向。 此处指和现在的孩子对比，modern“现代的”符合语境；lovely“可爱的”、careless“粗心的”、perfect“完美的”均不符合语境。 12．句意：我很感谢父母给了我明确的人生方向。   父母的教导让作者有了人生方向，direction“方向”符合语境；answer“答案”、message“信息”、plan“计划”均不符合语境。 13．句意：在我看来，孩子需要明确的规则。 固定搭配in one’s opinion表示“在某人看来”，In符合语境；For“为了”、At“在”、To“到”均不符合语境。 14．句意：但更重要的是，他们需要学会如何与他人相处，并意识到自己不是世界的中心。 固定搭配get on with other people 表示“与他人相处”，other“其他的”符合语境；some“一些”、few“很少的”、several“几个”均不符合语境。 （二） In China, treating guests warmly is a long-standing tradition. Chinese people are known 1 their hospitality around the world. If you are invited to a Chinese home, you will be deeply touched by the way the family treats you 2 a guest. When you step into the house, the host will greet you with a big smile and 3 you to sit down comfortably. They will immediately make you a cup of hot tea, and bring you different kinds of snacks, 4 fresh fruit and homemade desserts. One of the family members will always stay with you, chatting with you to make sure you don’t feel 5 . At the same time, other family members are busy 6 a big dinner for you in the kitchen. Chinese people always prepare a 7 meal for their guests. There will be much more food on the table than you can finish. In China, the guests are usually asked to take the 8 seat at the table, which is a sign of respect. The most surprising thing for many 9 guests is that the host will often put food into their bowls. This is a way to show their welcome, 10 it never happens in most Western countries. The Chinese family will try their best to make you feel at home. Even if you say you are 11 after eating a lot, the host will still add more food to your bowl. They always say, “Eat more, there’s still plenty of food.” 12 you are full, you should still try a little of each dish, as it shows your thanks to the host’s hard work. 13 warm and hospitable is a key part of Chinese culture. It has been passed down for thousands of 14 . As an old Chinese saying goes, “Isn’t it a happy thing to have friends coming from 15 away?” 1．A．for B．as C．to D．with 2．A．for B．as C．of D．with 3．A．lead B．let C．invite D．have 4．A．for example B．such as C．as well D．instead of 5．A．lonely B．happy C．relaxed D．excited 6．A．cooking B．buying C．finishing D．carrying 7．A．small B．rich C．simple D．common 8．A．worst B．cheapest C．best D．closest 9．A．Eastern B．Southern C．Northern D．Western 10．A．so B．but C．because D．and 11．A．hungry B．full C．thirsty D．tired 12．A．If B．Since C．Even if D．Unless 13．A．Be B．Being C．Do D．Doing 14．A．days B．months C．years D．centuries 15．A．near B．far C．long D．short 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文介绍了中国热情好客的传统，从客人进门、招待、用餐到离别，展现了中国家庭对客人的尊重与关爱，体现了中华文化中“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”的精神。 1．句意：中国人以他们的好客闻名于世。 hospitality“好客”是一种品质，be known for意为“因……而闻名”，后面接表示特点或品质的名词。此题要注意区分be known as，as后接身份、职业、称号、角色。 2．句意：如果你被邀请到中国家庭，你会被他们对待你作为客人的方式深深打动。 treat sb. as...是固定搭配，意为“把某人当作……对待”，是固定搭配。 3．句意：主人会微笑着迎接你，并邀请你舒适地坐下。 结合常识，主人应该是请客人坐下。invite意为“邀请”，invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”。 4．句意：他们会立即给你泡一杯热茶，并带来各种小吃，例如新鲜水果和自制甜点。 后文列举了具体例子“fresh fruit and homemade desserts”，且是名词短语，应用such as。for example后常接句子，所以排除。 5．句意：一位家庭成员总会陪着你，和你聊天以确保你不会感到孤独。 客人独自在家可能感到“孤独”，家人陪伴是为了避免这种感觉。lonely意为“孤独的”，符合语境。 6．句意：同时，其他家庭成员正在厨房忙着为你准备一顿丰盛的晚餐。 cook a big dinner“做一顿丰盛的晚餐”，是固定搭配。cooking意为“烹饪”，是cook的动名词形式。 7．句意：中国人总是为客人准备一顿丰盛的饭菜。 后文提到“much more food than you can finish”，说明饭菜很“丰盛”。rich意为“丰盛的”，符合语境。 8．句意：在中国，客人通常被请到餐桌上的最佳座位，以示尊重。 尊重客人应安排“最好的”座位。best意为“最好的”，符合语境。 9．句意：对许多西方客人来说最令人惊讶的事情是，主人经常会往他们碗里夹菜。 下文提到“it never happens in most Western countries”，所以此处对比的是中国与西方文化的差异，因此是“西方”客人。Western意为“西方的”，符合语境。 10．句意：这是表示欢迎的一种方式，而这在大多数西方国家是不会发生的。 前后句为转折关系，表示中国习俗与西方不同。but意为“但是”，表示转折，符合逻辑。 11．句意：即使你说你已经吃饱了，主人仍然会往你碗里加更多食物。 后文提到主人仍会添菜，结合Even if，所以此处指“吃饱了”。full意为“饱的”，符合语境。 12．句意：即使你饱了，你还是应该每道菜都尝一点，以示对主人辛勤劳动的感谢。 前后句为让步关系，“饱了”与“仍应尝一点”构成对比。Even if意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，符合逻辑。 13．句意：热情好客是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。 空格在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。Being是动名词，符合语法。 14．句意：它已经传承了数千年。 中国文化历史悠久，常用“数千年”表达。years意为“年”，thousands of years意为“数千年”。 15．句意：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ 此处是固定表达，表示“从远方来”。far意为“远的”，far away意为“远方”。 （三） My name is Vince and I’m from the United States. This is my first time in Japan. I found a 1 in a big factory about half a month ago. One day some new colleagues (同事) 2 me to have dinner in a new restaurant. At first, I was quite 3 and learned to use chopsticks with them, but problems started later. That day, I had a cold. I didn’t feel 4 with my nose, so I turned away from the table and blew (擤) my nose. My colleagues 5 me in surprise. They explained to me that in Japan, people don’t blow their noses in public— 6 at table. I felt very embarrassed (尴尬的) and really 7 doing that. When I was trying to stick my 8 in my bowl of rice, one of my colleagues said, “Don’t do that. Just leave them on the table.” Later, I found that leaving your chopsticks in your rice 9 death in Japanese culture! The next time I needed to blow my nose, I 10 the table and went to the washroom. It was almost time to leave 11 I came back. I noticed there were some small bowls with 12 in them on the table. It smelt good and I started drinking it before it got cold. Then I saw some of my colleagues cover their 13 . They were trying not to laugh. “What’s 14 ?” I asked the colleague next to me. “It’s for 15 your fingers,” he said. For a moment, I didn’t know what to say or do. 1．A．test B．job C．fact D．seat 2．A．ordered B．wished C．noticed D．invited 3．A．happy B．lonely C．angry D．sad 4．A．careless B．shy C．comfortable D．lucky 5．A．looked at B．worried about C．disagreed with D．waited for 6．A．successfully B．finally C．especially D．healthily 7．A．practiced B．regretted C．imagined D．kept 8．A．bottles B．knives C．spoons D．chopsticks 9．A．means B．accepts C．refuses D．fears 10．A．touched B．left C．changed D．raised 11．A．if B．though C．until D．when 12．A．oil B．water C．salt D．sugar 13．A．mouths B．eyes C．ears D．noses 14．A．popular B．necessary C．wrong D．crazy 15．A．protecting B．washing C．shaking D．relaxing 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文讲述了来自美国的Vince第一次在日本工作，因不了解日本餐桌礼仪和文化习俗，在和同事聚餐时接连闹出让人哭笑不得的笑话。 1．句意：大约半个月前，我在一家大工厂找到了一份工作。 根据后文“new colleagues”可知，有同事，说明他是在工厂上班，应选用job，表示“工作”，符合语境。test表示“测试”，fact表示“事实”，seat表示“座位”，均与语境不符。 2．句意：一天，几位新同事邀请我去一家新餐馆吃饭。 根据初次相处的礼貌场景，应选用invited，表示“邀请”，符合同事间聚餐的语境。ordered表示“命令”，wished表示“希望”，noticed表示“注意到”，均与语境不符。 3．句意：起初，我很高兴，还和他们一起学用筷子，但是之后开始有问题了。 被同事邀请吃饭是开心的事，应选用happy，表示“开心的”，符合当时心情。lonely表示“孤独的”，angry表示“生气的”，sad表示“难过的”，均与语境不符。 4．句意：我鼻子很不舒服，所以我转过身背对桌子擤鼻子了。 感冒时鼻子不通气，感觉不舒适，应选用comfortable，表示“舒服的”，符合身体状态。careless表示“粗心的”，shy表示“害羞的”，lucky表示“幸运的”，均与语境不符。 5．句意：我的同事们惊讶地看着我。 我在饭桌上擤鼻涕，同事们感到意外并看着我，应选用looked at，表示“看着”，符合当时反应。worried about表示“担心”，disagreed with表示“不同意”，waited for表示“等待”，均与语境不符。 6．句意：他们向我解释，在日本，人们不在公共场合擤鼻涕，尤其是在饭桌上。 此处强调饭桌上更不可以，应选用especially，表示“尤其、特别”，符合语气强调。successfully表示“成功地”，finally表示“最后”，healthily表示“健康地”，均与语境不符。 7．句意：我感到非常尴尬，真的很后悔那样做。 知道自己失礼后感到后悔，应选用regretted，表示“后悔”，符合心情。practiced表示“练习”，imagined表示“想象”，kept表示“保持”，均与语境不符。 8．句意：当我正想把筷子插进米饭里时，我的一个同事说：“不要这样做。就把它们放在桌子上就好。” 前文提到学习使用筷子，应选用chopsticks，表示“筷子”，符合上下文。bottles表示“瓶子”，knives表示“刀”，spoons表示“勺子”，均与语境不符。 9．句意：后来我发现，在日本文化里，把筷子插在饭里意味着死亡。 此处解释文化含义，应选用means，表示“意味着”，符合文化解释。accepts表示“接受”，refuses表示“拒绝”，fears表示“害怕”，均与语境不符。 10．句意：下次我需要擤鼻涕时，我离开了餐桌去了洗手间。 为了避免失礼，应离开桌子，应选用left，表示“离开”，符合动作。touched表示“触摸”，changed表示“改变”，raised表示“举起”，均与语境不符。 11．句意：我回来的时候，差不多到该离开的时候了。 表示“当……时候”，应选用when，表示“当……时”，符合时间逻辑。if表示“如果”，though表示“虽然”，until表示“直到”，均与语境不符。 12．句意：我注意到桌上有几个装着水的小碗。 后文提到喝了碗里的液体，实际是洗手水，应选用water，表示“水”，符合物品描述。oil表示“油”，salt表示“盐”，sugar表示“糖”，均与语境不符。 13．句意：然后我看到一些同事捂住嘴。 他们忍不住想笑，所以捂住嘴巴，应选用mouths，表示“嘴”，符合动作。eyes表示“眼睛”，ears表示“耳朵”，noses表示“鼻子”，均与语境不符。 14．句意：“怎么了？”我问旁边的同事。 看到同事反应奇怪，询问出了什么问题，应选用wrong，表示“错误的、有问题的”，符合日常口语。popular表示“受欢迎的”，necessary表示“必要的”，crazy表示“疯狂的”，均与语境不符。 15．句意：“这是用来洗手指的。”他说。 日本餐桌上的小碗水是用来洗手的，应选用washing，表示“清洗”，符合用途。protecting表示“保护”，shaking表示“摇晃”，relaxing表示“放松”，均与语境不符。 （四） When you travel to different countries, understanding their 1 customs is really important. It helps you make a good 2 and avoid mistakes. In China, there are many special traditions. For example, people use 3 to eat. It’s not 4 to stick them straight into the rice or point at others with them. And remember, when you’re offered a cup of tea in a Chinese home, you should 5 the cup with both hands to show respect. In Japan, bowing is a common way to greet others. Different types of bows have different 6 . For example, a deep bow can show great respect, like when you 7 someone on his or her wedding. Besides, you should not talk loudly at the table in Japan. But making noise while eating noodles is actually considered a sign that you enjoy the food, and that’s a bit different from other 8 ! In Western countries like the US, people often 9 hands when they meet for the first time. At the dinner table, they use knives and forks. It’s impolite to wear a 10 to a very formal dinner, but for a casual meal, it’s okay. 11 you’re not sure about how to behave, just watch others and do as they do. This can help you avoid looking 12 . In some Middle Eastern countries, it’s 13 to show the soles (鞋底) of your feet, so be careful how you sit. Also, when 14 food, using your left hand is thought to be unclean, so always use your right hand. Different countries have their own ways of doing things. 15 it’s about greeting, eating, or resting, the traditions make our world colourful. By learning about them, we can improve our ability to communicate and get along with people from all over the world. 1．A．art B．cultural C．music D．sports 2．A．impression B．dream C．plan D．decision 3．A．forks B．chopsticks C．spoons D．knives 4．A．proper B．wrong C．easy D．hard 5．A．buy B．break C．receive D．throw 6．A．meanings B．traditions C．opinions D．ideas 7．A．celebrate B．visit C．invite D．congratulate 8．A．cities B．countries C．restaurants D．families 9．A．clap B．raise C．shake D．rise 10．A．socks B．clothes C．T-shirt D．shoes 11．A．If B．Though C．What D．But 12．A．confident B．confused C．relaxed D．excited 13．A．impolite B．polite C．proper D．normal 14．A．giving B．eating C．buying D．cooking 15．A．When B．Whether C．Why D．How 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了不同国家有不同文化习俗，了解这些习俗能助我们避免错误、留下好印象，更好地与世界各地的人交流相处，让世界更精彩。 1．句意：当你去不同的国家旅行时，了解他们的文化习俗真的很重要。 art艺术；cultural文化的；music音乐；sports运动。根据文章围绕不同国家的文化习俗展开描述，可知这里需要“文化的”这个词，“cultural”符合文意，故选B。 2．句意：它能帮助你留下好印象并避免犯错。 impression印象；dream梦想；plan计划；decision决定。根据常识，了解文化习俗有助于给他人留下好印象，“impression”表示印象，符合语境，故选A。 3．句意：例如，人们用筷子吃饭。 forks叉子；chopsticks筷子；spoons勺子；knives刀。结合中国的饮食习惯，人们用筷子吃饭，“chopsticks”是筷子的意思，故选B。 4．句意：把它们直直地插进米饭里或者用它们指着别人是不礼貌的。 proper合适的；wrong错误的；easy容易的；hard困难的。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，“stick them straight into the rice or point at others with them”这样的行为是不合适的。故选A。 5．句意：并且记住，当在中国家里有人给你倒茶时，你应该用双手接过杯子以表示尊重。 buy买；break休息；receive接受；throw扔。在中国文化中，用双手接茶是表示尊重的方式，“receive”有接受之意，符合语境，故选C。 6．句意：不同类型的鞠躬有不同的含义。 meanings意义；traditions传统；opinions观点；ideas主意。在日本文化里，不同的鞠躬方式代表不同的意义，“meanings”表示含义，符合文意，故选A。 7．句意：例如，当你祝贺某人结婚时，深鞠躬可以表示极大的尊重。 celebrate庆祝；visit参观；invite邀请；congratulate祝贺。在婚礼场合，人们通常会用深鞠躬来表达祝贺和尊重，“congratulate”表示祝贺，符合语境，故选D。 8．句意：但实际上，吃饭时发出声音被认为是你喜欢这食物的标志，这和其他国家有点不同。 cities城市；countries国家；restaurants饭店；families家庭。日本吃面发出声音的习俗与其他国家不同，“countries”表示国家，符合文意，故选B。 9．句意：在像美国这样的西方国家，人们第一次见面时经常握手。 clap拍；raise筹集；shake摇；rise举起。在西方文化中，初次见面握手是常见的礼仪，shake hands表示“握手”，符合语境，故选C。 10．句意：穿着T恤去参加一个非常正式的晚宴是不礼貌的，但对于一个非正式的聚餐，那是可以的。 socks袜子；clothes衣服；T-shirt T恤；shoes鞋。在正式晚宴场合，穿着T恤是不合适的，“T-shirt”表示T恤，符合文意，故选C。 11．句意：如果你不确定如何表现，就观察别人并照着他们的样子做。 If如果；Though虽然；What什么；But但是。这是一个条件关系的句子，表达如果处于不确定如何表现的情况，就采取观察他人的方式，“If”引导条件状语从句，符合语境，故选A。 12．句意：这可以帮助你避免看起来困惑。 confident自信的；confused困惑的；relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的。按照别人的方式做可以避免自己表现得不合适而显得困惑，“confused”表示困惑的，符合文意，故选B。 13．句意：在一些中东国家，露出你脚底的鞋底是不礼貌的，所以要小心你坐的姿势。 impolite不礼貌的；polite礼貌的；proper合适的；normal正常的。根据“so be careful how you sit”可知，露出鞋底是不礼貌的行为，“impolite”表示不礼貌，符合语境，故选A。 14．句意：而且，当吃东西时，用左手被认为是不干净的，所以一定要用右手。 giving给；eating吃；buying买；cooking烹饪。在中东文化里，当吃东西时用左手不符合礼仪，“eating”表示吃，符合文意，故选B。 15．句意：无论它是关于问候、吃饭还是休息，这些传统使我们的世界丰富多彩。 When当……时候；Whether无论；Why为什么；How怎么样。这是一个让步关系的句子，表达无论涉及到哪些方面，传统都让世界多彩，“Whether”引导让步状语从句，符合语境，故选B。 话题3文学名著 （一） One day in autumn, Squire Gordon，my master (主人), went on a trip into town. John, my caretaker, went with him. I pulled the cart (马车). The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled 1 . Gordon’s business took a long time. We ate lunch quickly and we didn’t leave until late 2 . The wind was then much 3 My master said to John, “I have never been out in such a(n) 4 !” Mr Gordon and John could not see well in the rain. We came to a wooden bridge. It was very nearly 5 . We could just see that the water was over the middle of the bridge. But as that happened, sometimes when the water was out, my master did not stop. But the moment my feet touched the first part of the bridge, I felt sure there was something 6 . I dared (敢于) not to go forward，and I made a 7 stop. “Go on, Beauty,” said my master, and he gave me a touch with the whip (鞭子), but I dared not to move. He gave me a sharp cut and I 8 , but I dared not to go forward. “There’s something wrong, sir,” said John, and he got out and tried to 9 me forward. “Come on, Beauty.” But I knew that the bridge was not safe. Just then the man on the other side 10 to us. “Hey! Stop!” he cried. “What’s the matter?” shouted my master. “The bridge is broken in the middle, and the river 1 part of it away. If you go onto it, you’ll be into the river.” “Thank you for saving us, Beauty!” said John. He gently turned me round the 2 hand road by the river side. It grew darker and darker, 3 and quieter. When we returned home, Squire told Mrs Gordon, “Black Beauty saved our 4 . He knew the bridge was dangerous.” John took me to the stable (马厩). Oh! What a good 5 he gave me that night! What a nice bed of straw (稻草)! I was glad of it, for I was tired. —Adapted (改编) from Black Beauty 1．A．happily B．slowly C．sadly D．angrily 2．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 3．A．weaker B．colder C．stronger D．quicker 4．A．storm B．island C．journey D．accident 5．A．bright B．dark C．sunny D．clear 6．A．right B．wrong C．funny D．strange 7．A．easy B．dead C．slow D．soft 8．A．walked B．ran C．jumped D．fell 9．A．push B．pull C．lead D．carry 10．A．rose B．saw C．helped D．waved 11．A．carried B．threw C．took D．moved 12．A．sudden B．right C．big D．worth 13．A．louder B．quieter C．brighter D．windier 14．A．cart B．time C．lives D．trip 15．A．bed B．supper C．ride D．whip 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文改编自《黑骏马》，讲述马儿Black Beauty在暴风雨夜拒绝走过断裂桥梁，救了主人和照顾者性命的故事。 【详解】121．句意：天气阴雨刮风，但我们缓慢前行。 前文提到天气风雨交加，用“but”表示转折，说明尽管天气恶劣，旅途依然愉快。happily“开心地”符合语境。slowly“缓慢地”、sadly“难过地”、angrily“生气地”均不符合语境。 1．句意：我们午饭吃得匆忙，直到傍晚才动身离开。 后文天色逐渐变黑、风雨变大，afternoon“下午”符合语境。morning“早上”、evening“傍晚”、night“夜晚”均不符合语境。 2．句意：风变得猛烈得多。 雨天赶路，风力变强，stronger“更强的”符合语境。weaker“更微弱的”、colder“更寒冷的”、quicker“更快速的”均不符合语境。 3．句意：我从没在这样的暴风雨里出门。 前文下雨刮风，storm“暴风雨”符合语境。island“岛屿”、journey“旅途”、accident“事故”均不符合语境。 4．句意：天色几乎全黑了。 傍晚赶路加阴雨天气，视线昏暗，dark“黑暗的”符合语境。bright“明亮的”、sunny“晴朗的”、clear“澄澈的”均不符合语境。 5．句意：我一踏上桥的第一段，就确信哪里不对劲。 后文桥中间断裂，something wrong固定搭配表示出问题，wrong“失常的”符合语境。right“正确的”、funny“滑稽的”、strange“古怪的”均不符合语境。 6．句意：我不敢往前走，硬生生停住脚步。 固定搭配dead stop表示骤然停下，dead “完全的”符合语境。easy“轻松的”、slow“缓慢的”、soft“柔软的”均不符合语境。 7．句意：他狠狠挥鞭抽打我，我猛地一跃，但仍旧不肯向前迈步。 被鞭子抽打后马匹受惊起跳，jumped“跳跃”符合语境。walked“行走”、ran“奔跑”、fell“摔倒”均不符合语境。 8．句意：约翰下车，试着牵我往前走。 车夫想要牵引马匹过桥，lead“牵引”符合语境。push“推搡”、pull“拉扯”、carry“搬运”均不符合语境。 9．句意：就在这时，桥对岸的人朝我们挥手示意停下。 路人发现桥体破损，挥手阻拦车辆，waved“挥手”符合语境。rose“起身”、saw“看见”、helped“帮忙”均不符合语境。 10．句意：桥中间断裂，河水冲走了一部分桥体。 carry away为固定搭配表示冲走，carried“带走”符合语境。threw“抛掷”、took“拿走”、moved“挪动”均不符合语境。 11．句意：他温柔调转我的方向，走上河边右侧的路。 避开破损的断桥，改走正确路线，right“正确的”符合语境。sudden“突然的”、big“硕大的”、worth“值得的”均不符合语境。 12．句意：天色越来越暗，风声变小，周遭也越发安静。 天色变暗，风雨渐渐平息，quieter“更安静的”符合语境。louder“更吵闹的”、brighter“更明亮的”、windier“风更大的”均不符合语境。 13．句意：黑骏马救了我们的性命。 马儿阻拦众人踏上危桥，挽救性命，lives“性命”符合语境。cart“马车”、time“时间”、trip“行程”均不符合语境。 14．句意：当晚约翰给了我一顿丰盛的晚餐。 立下功劳后马儿被犒劳晚餐，supper“晚餐”符合语境。bed“床铺”、ride“骑行”、whip“鞭子”均不符合语境。 （二） When I was little, my mum read storybooks to me every night. Over time, I developed an interest in 1 . After I started school, I began to read more books by 2 . The characters in the books became my special friends. They were like lighthouses (灯塔), 3 me through the darkness. A few days ago, I finished reading the book Robinson Crusoe. It was a wonderful book, and its main 4 Robinson left a deep impression (印象) on me. In the book, Robinson left home and went on a trip by ship. Unluckily, his ship 5 into rocks in a storm, and he ended up living on a 6 island for 28 years. Living in the wild, Robinson faced many 7 . However, he always looked on the bright side and tried his best to 8 . He built a house, grew crops, raised animals, and even made his own 9 . Once, he needed to make a big pot to cook food. He didn’t give up, 10 he failed many times. He kept trying no matter how difficult the situation was. 11 , he successfully made a useful pot. I have 12 a lot through reading the book. I used to be scared when facing problems. Robinson’s spirit 13 me to be more independent, more positive and braver. In yesterday’s dance class, I hurt (使受伤) my left foot and almost cried over the pain. Just then, I 14 Robinson Crusoe. He faced much worse situations on that island, so I told myself to be 15 . That moment made me understand how books helped me grow into a better person. 1．A．carving B．dancing C．reading D．cycling 2．A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．themselves 3．A．guiding B．following C．finding D．describing 4．A．picture B．review C．article D．character 5．A．broke B．developed C．divided D．crashed 6．A．modern B．crowded C．faraway D．comfortable 7．A．chances B．ideas C．troubles D．methods 8．A．relax B．survive C．hide D．discuss 9．A．tools B．books C．gifts D．machines 10．A．if B．because C．until D．though 11．A．Nearly B．Finally C．Closely D．Especially 12．A．moved B．worried C．changed D．completed 13．A．wished B．ordered C．preferred D．encouraged 14．A．avoided B．invited C．excused D．remembered 15．A．strong B．patient C．caring D．honest 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．A 【解析】本文讲述了作者从小受妈妈影响对阅读产生兴趣，上学后开始自主阅读，书中角色成为特殊朋友。作者读《鲁滨逊漂流记》后深受启发，鲁滨逊的精神鼓励作者在面对困难时更独立、积极和勇敢，让作者明白书籍助力自己成长为更好的人。 【详解】136．句意：随着时间的推移，我对阅读产生了兴趣。 上文提到妈妈每晚给“我”读故事书，下文说上学后开始自己读更多书，所以这里是对阅读产生兴趣，reading“阅读”符合。carving“雕刻”、dancing“跳舞”、cycling“骑自行车”均与前文读故事书无关。 1．句意：上学后，我开始自己读更多的书。 主语是“I”，这里表示自己读更多书，myself“我自己”符合。herself“她自己”、yourself“你自己”、themselves“他们自己”均不符合语境。 2．句意：它们就像灯塔，引导我穿过黑暗。 根据“like lighthouses”可知灯塔起到引导作用，guiding“引导”符合。following“跟随”、finding“找到”、describing“描述”均不符合灯塔的作用。 3．句意：这是一本很棒的书，书中的主要人物鲁滨逊给我留下了深刻的印象。 根据“Robinson left a deep impression on me”可知是书中主要人物鲁滨逊留下深刻印象，character“人物”符合。picture“图片”、review“评论”、article“文章”均不符合。 4．句意：不幸的是，他的船在暴风雨中撞上了岩石。 根据“into rocks in a storm”可知船在暴风雨中撞上岩石，crash into“撞上”符合。broke“打破”、developed“发展”、divided“划分”均不符合船与岩石的情境。 5．句意：结果他在一个遥远的岛上生活了28年。 根据前文船出事故以及在岛上生活28年，可知是遥远的岛，faraway“遥远的”符合。modern“现代的”、crowded“拥挤的”、comfortable“舒适的”均不符合在岛上生活28年的情境。 6．句意：生活在野外，鲁滨逊面临许多麻烦。 根据“Living in the wild”可知在野外生活会面临很多麻烦，troubles“麻烦”符合。chances“机会”、ideas“想法”、methods“方法”均不符合在野外生活的情境。 7．句意：然而，他总是看到光明的一面，并尽最大努力生存。 在野外生活面临很多麻烦，要尽最大努力生存，survive“生存”符合。relax“放松”、hide“隐藏”、discuss“讨论”均不符合在野外生活的情境。 8．句意：他建了一所房子，种庄稼，养动物，甚至还自己制作工具。 根据“He built a house, grew crops, raised animals”以及在野外生活需要工具，可知是制作工具，tools“工具”符合。books“书”、gifts“礼物”、machines“机器”均不符合在野外生活的情境。 9．句意：他没有放弃，尽管他失败了很多次。 “he failed many times”和“He didn’t give up”是转折关系，though“尽管”符合。if“如果”、because“因为”、until“直到”均不符合逻辑关系。 10．句意：最后，他成功地做了一个有用的锅。 根据“he successfully made a useful pot”可知经过多次尝试后最终成功，Finally“最后”符合。Nearly“几乎”、Closely“紧密地”、Especially“尤其”均不符合语境。 11．句意：通过读这本书，我改变了很多。 根据后文“I used to be scared when facing problems. Robinson’s spirit...me to be more independent, more positive and braver.”可知作者发生了改变，changed“改变”符合。moved“移动”、worried“担心”、completed“完成”均不符合。 12．句意：鲁滨逊的精神鼓励我更独立、更积极和更勇敢。 根据“to be more independent, more positive and braver”可知是鼓励作者，encouraged“鼓励”符合。wished“希望”、ordered“命令”、preferred“更喜欢”均不符合语境。 13．句意：就在那时，我想起了鲁滨逊·克鲁索。 根据“He faced much worse situations on that island”可知是想起鲁滨逊在岛上的情况，remembered“想起”符合。avoided“避免”、invited“邀请”、excused“原谅”均不符合语境。 14．句意：他在这个岛上面临着更糟糕的情况，所以我告诉自己要坚强。 根据“He faced much worse situations on that island”可知要告诉自己坚强，strong“坚强的”符合。patient“耐心的”、caring“有同情心的”、honest“诚实的”均不符合语境。 （三） Recently, I read the classic novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Its 1 is Jules Verne from France. In the book, Verne 2 an amazing ocean world for us. The story 3 with a strange “sea monster (怪兽)” in the ocean. To 4 the truth, Professor Aronnax and his partners set out to hunt it. To their surprise, “the sea monster” is not a real animal. 5 , it is a high-tech submarine (潜水艇) named the Nautilus, and its owner is Captain Nemo. He is my favourite 6 in the book. He thinks the world above the sea is not 7 , so he chooses to stay away from the land world and live underwater. Captain Nemo takes Professor Aronnax and his partners on an adventure around the world. During the journey, they experience both the wonders and 8 of the ocean. Finally, the Nautilus gets into a big whirlpool (旋涡). After that, 9 knows what happens to Captain Nemo. Maybe he disappears (消失) with the Nautilus. In my opinion, the novel is more than just an adventure story. The technology in the book is fantastic. 10 the Nautilus is just an imagined submarine, its high-tech design still surprises us today. It shows Verne’s great 11 . Besides, it also makes me think about the 12 of technology on our lives. Technology can 13 us with each other, but it can also create barriers (障碍) between people. Should Captain Nemo 14 facing real-life problems? Or is it better for him to face them bravely? In 15 , this book is meaningful and well worth reading. I strongly recommend this great book to all of you. 1．A．reporter B．librarian C．writer D．publisher 2．A．advised B．explored C．discussed D．described 3．A．ends B．starts C．deals D．agrees 4．A．find out B．make up C．look after D．show off 5．A．Besides B．However C．Instead D．Moreover 6．A．story B．character C．picture. D．message 7．A．boring B．tiring C．satisfying D．worrying 8．A．secrets B．dangers C．treasures D．attractions 9．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 10．A．So B．Since C．Because D．Although 11．A．creativity B．wealth C．trouble D．power 12．A．damage B．record C．review D．effect 13．A．help B．divide C．connect D．provide 14．A．forget B．avoid C．finish D．suggest 15．A．history B．memory C．surprise D．summary 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文作者简要介绍《海底两万里》的情节、人物，评价其科技价值与现实启示。 1．句意：最近，我读了经典小说《海底两万里》，它的作者是法国的儒勒·凡尔纳。 前文提到“novel”，后问提到Jules Verne是这本书的“作者”；reporter/librarian/publisher 与小说创作者无关。 2．句意：在书中，凡尔纳为我们描绘了一个奇妙的海洋世界。 “describe an ocean world”意为“描绘海洋世界”；advised/explored/discussed与“创作小说”语境不符。 3．句意：故事以海洋中一个奇怪的“海怪”开篇。 “start with”为固定搭配，意为“以……开始”；ends/deals/agrees 不符合“故事开端”语境。 4．句意：为了查明真相，阿龙纳斯教授和他的同伴们出发去追捕它。 “find out the truth”意为“查明真相”；make up/look after/show off与“追捕海怪”的目的不符。 5．句意：令他们惊讶的是，这个“海怪”并不是真正的动物。相反，它是一艘名为“鹦鹉螺号”的高科技潜水艇，其主人是尼摩船长 前文说“不是动物”，后文说“是潜水艇”，表转折用Instead；Besides/However/ Moreover逻辑不符。 6．句意：他是我书中最喜欢的角色。 “Captain Nemo”是小说中的“角色”；story/picture/message 与“人物”语境不符。 7．句意：他认为陆地上的世界并不令人满意，所以他选择远离陆地，生活在水下。 后文“远离陆地”说明对陆地不满；boring/tiring/worrying 与“选择逃离”的逻辑不匹配。 8．句意：旅途中，他们既见识了海洋的奇观，也经历了海洋的危险。 “wonders and dangers”为固定搭配，意为“奇观与危险”；secrets/treasures/attractions 与“冒险经历”的两面性不符。 9．句意：在那之后，没有人知道尼摩船长的下落，也许他和鹦鹉螺号一起消失了。 后文“maybe he disappears” 说明无人知晓；somebody/anybody/everybody 与“下落不明”语境不符。 10．句意：虽然鹦鹉螺号只是一艘想象中的潜水艇，但其高科技设计在今天依然令人惊叹。 前后两句话表转折，用Although；So/Since/Because逻辑不符。 11．句意：它展现了凡尔纳非凡的创造力。 凡尔纳想象出潜水艇，体现“创造力”；用creativity；wealth/trouble/power 与“创作想象”无关。 12．句意：此外，它也让我思考科技对我们生活的影响。 “the effect of technology”意为“科技的影响”；damage/record/review 与“科技对生活的作用”语境不符。 13．句意：科技可以连接人与人，但也能制造人与人之间的障碍。 “connect us with each other”意为“连接我们”，与后文“barriers”形成对比；help/divide/provide 与“科技的双面性”不符。 14．句意：尼摩船长应该逃避现实中的问题吗？还是勇敢面对更好？ “avoid facing problems”意为“逃避问题”，与后文“face them bravely”形成对比；forget/finish/suggest 与“面对问题”的语境不符。 15．句意：总之，这本书很有意义，非常值得一读。我强烈向大家推荐这本好书。 “in summary”为固定搭配，意为“总之”；history/memory/surprise 与“总结全文”语境不符。 （四） My favorite book is Flowers in the Mirror. Li Ruzhen 1 this book in the Qing Dynasty. The most interesting part of the 2 is about Duo Jiugong, Tang Ao and Lin Zhiyang’s adventures. Together, they go to many different countries. Their special trips impress (使印象深刻) me. One of the most interesting 3 they take is to “The Black-tooth Country”. They 4 people in the country are black all over. Mr. Duo believes that people in the country must be very 5 . He decides to show off (炫耀) how smart he is in front of them after 6 there. But to Mr. Duo’s 7 , every person in the country is actually very knowledgeable (知识渊博的). Even a young schoolgirl 8 more than him. Mr. Duo’s face turns 9 . He never says that he is a knowledgeable person 10 that. There is an old 11 , “Never judge (评价) a book by its cover.” Everyone around us 12 be our teacher. I used to love showing off my knowledge, just like Mr. Duo. 13 I finished reading this book, I have changed a lot. And I have found that there are actually many things I can 14 my classmates. In some ways, they 15 can do a better job than me. Being a humble (谦虚的) person can help us learn many great things! 1．A．borrowed B．wrote C．read D．copied 2．A．object B．chore C．band D．book 3．A．opinions B．deals C．trips D．signs 4．A．find B．offer C．compare D．report 5．A．poor B．magic C．typical D．stupid 6．A．recording B．reaching C．hiding D．reminding 7．A．surprise B．excitement C．silence D．kindness 8．A．achieves B．cheers C．knows D．smiles 9．A．white B．red C．black D．blue 10．A．after B．during C．under D．towards 11．A．culture B．story C．saying D．habit 12．A．can B．must C．need D．should 13．A．If B．Although C．So D．Since 14．A．turn into B．care about C．look after D．learn from 15．A．differently B．actually C．finally D．hardly 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文以《镜花缘》中“黑齿国”的故事为例，讲述了作者从书中获得的感悟：不能以貌取人，做人要谦虚，身边的人都可能成为我们的老师，我们可以从他人身上学到很多东西。 1．句意：李汝珍在清代写了这本书。 根据常识，《镜花缘》的作者是清代的李汝珍，应用wrote“写”。borrowed“借”，read“读”，copied“抄写”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：这本书最有趣的部分是关于多九公、唐敖和林之洋的冒险。 根据前文“My favorite book is Flowers in the Mirror”，可知此处指这本书的内容，应用book“书”。object“物体”，chore“家务”，band“乐队”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他们进行的最有趣的一次旅行是“黑齿国”。 根据后文“Their special trips impress me”，可知此处指他们的旅行，应用trips“旅行”。opinions“观点”，deals“交易”，signs“标志”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：他们发现这个国家的人全身都是黑的。 根据后文对黑齿国人们的描述，可知此处指他们发现的情况，应用find“发现”。offer“提供”，compare“比较”，report“报告”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：多先生认为这个国家的人一定很愚蠢。 根据后文“he wants to show off how smart he is in front of them”，可知他觉得这些人看起来很笨，想炫耀自己的聪明，应用stupid“愚蠢的”。poor“贫穷的”，magic“神奇的”，typical“典型的”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：到达那里后，他决定在他们面前炫耀自己有多聪明。 根据语境，到达黑齿国之后他才开始炫耀，应用reaching“到达”。recording“记录”，hiding“隐藏”，reminding“提醒”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：但令多先生惊讶的是，这个国家的每个人实际上都很有学识。 根据固定搭配“to one’s surprise”，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，应用surprise“惊讶”。excitement“兴奋”，silence“沉默”，kindness“善良”，均不符合该搭配。 8．句意：甚至一个年轻的女学生知道的都比他多。 根据前文“every person in the country is actually very knowledgeable”，可知连女学生都比他懂得多，应用knows“知道”。achieves“实现”，cheers“欢呼”，smiles“微笑”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：多先生的脸变红了。 根据前文他丢脸、想炫耀却被比下去，可知他会感到羞愧，脸变红，应用red“红色的”。white“白色的”，black“黑色的”，blue“蓝色的”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：从那以后，他再也不说自己是一个有学识的人了。 根据语境，指在这件事之后他的态度发生了变化，应用after“在……之后”。during“在……期间”，under“在……下面”，towards“朝向”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：有一句古老的谚语：“不要以貌取人。” 根据后文的引语，可知这是一句谚语，应用saying“谚语”。culture“文化”，story“故事”，habit“习惯”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：我们身边的每个人都可以成为我们的老师。 根据后文作者从同学身上学到东西，可知此处表示“可以成为老师”，应用can“可以”。must“必须”，need“需要”，should“应该”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：自从我读完这本书，我改变了很多。 根据后文“I have changed a lot”的时态，可知此处用since引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”，应用Since“自从”。If“如果”，Although“虽然”，So“所以”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：我发现实际上有很多东西我可以从同学身上学到。 根据语境，指从同学身上学习，应用learn from“向……学习”。turn into“变成”，care about“关心”，look after“照顾”，均不符合语境。 180． 句意：在某些方面，他们实际上比我做得更好。 根据后文“can do a better job than me”，可知此处表示“实际上”，应用actually“实际上”。differently“不同地”，finally“最终”，hardly“几乎不”，均不符合语境。 话题4志愿服务 （一） Volunteering is a great way to help others and improve ourselves. It is one of the most meaningful 1 in our life. I take part in volunteer activities every month. I often go to the old people’s home with my classmates in my 2 time. Many elderly people live alone. They feel lonely and need people to 3 them. We usually talk with them patiently, help them clean their rooms and listen to their old stories. Some of them are 4 , so we read newspapers and books for them. Some can’t walk easily, so we help them sit on the chair and push their 5 when they want to walk outside. It’s not easy to be a good volunteer. It 6 lots of time and patience. We can’t be rude or talk 7 in front of them. We must behave well and show our 8 to the elderly. Sometimes we give up our weekend plans, but we never 9 doing this. We also raise money for some charities to help 10 children. These kids suffer from illnesses and need special care. We try our best to 11 a helping hand to them. We believe small help can make a big 12 to their life. Being a volunteer teaches me good manners and life lessons. It makes me 13 that helping others is helping ourselves. It’s not about getting medals or praise, but about 14 love and warmth to people around us. I will keep on volunteering and 15 more people to join us. 1．A．stories B．experiences C．competitions D．illnesses 2．A．busy B．free C．spare D．both B and C 3．A．look after B．give up C．wait for D．get used to 4．A．blind B．deaf C．elderly D．disabled 5．A．seat belts B．bikes C．wheelchairs D．plates 6．A．requires B．refuses C．reminds D．reduces 7．A．quietly B．politely C．loudly D．respectfully 8．A．interest B．respect C．courage D．ability 9．A．enjoy B．mind C．avoid D．practise 10．A．poor B．happy C．healthy D．lazy 11．A．take B．make C．give D．carry 12．A．difference B．decision C．difficulty D．discussion 13．A．realize B．reply C．raise D．recommend 14．A．sending B．providing C．donating D．bringing 15．A．order B．invite C．force D．allow 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己参与志愿服务的经历，阐述志愿服务的意义，呼吁更多人加入志愿者行列。 【详解】181．句意：这是我们生活中最有意义的经历之一。 根据“Volunteering is a great way.…”及语境可知，志愿服务是一种人生经历，experiences“经历”符合语境。stories“故事”；competitions“比赛”和illnesses“疾病”与“志愿活动”的语境不符。 1．句意：我经常在空闲时间和同学去敬老院。 根据“I often go to the old people’s home”可知，应该是在空闲时间去敬老院，free time和spare time均表示“空闲时间”，语义相同，选项D涵盖两者。 2．句意：他们感到孤独，需要人们照顾他们。 根据“live alone”和“feel lonely”可知，老人独自居住，需要有人照顾，look after“照顾；照料”符合语境；give up“放弃”；wait for“等待”和get used to“习惯于”与“老人独自居住需要照顾”的语境不符。 3．句意：他们中有些人是盲人，所以我们为他们读报纸和书。 根据“so we read newspapers and books for them”可知，此处是说他们看不见，所以需要人为他们读报纸和书，blind“盲的”符合语境；deaf“聋的”；elderly“年老的”和disabled“残疾的”与“需要有人为他们读”的语境不符。 4．句意：有些人行走不便，所以当他们想外出时，我们会帮助他们坐到椅子上，并推动他们的轮椅。 根据“can’t walk easily”可知，此处wheelchairs“轮椅”符合语境；seat belts“安全带”；bikes“自行车”和plates“盘子”与“行动不便”的语境不符。 5．句意：它需要很多时间和耐心。 根据“It’s not easy to be a good volunteer.”和“lots of time and patience”可知，此处是表达志愿活动需要付出许多时间和耐心。requires“需要”符合语境。refuses“拒绝”；reminds“提醒”和reduces“减少”与语境不符。 6．句意：我们不能粗鲁或在他们面前大声说话。 根据“can’t be rude”可知，大声说话是不礼貌的行为。loudly“大声地”符合语境。quietly“安静地”、politely“礼貌地”和respectfully“尊敬地”与语境不符。 7．句意：我们必须表现良好，向老人展示尊重。 根据“behave well”可知，此处是表达对老人尊重。respect“尊重”符合语境。interest“兴趣”；courage“勇气”和ability“能力”与语境不符。 8．句意：有时我们放弃周末计划，但从不介意这样做。 “but”表转折，此处是表达虽然牺牲时间，但不后悔/介意。mind“介意”符合语境，mind doing sth.意为“介意做某事”；enjoy“享受”；avoid“避免”和practise“练习”与“牺牲自己的时间，但不介意”的语境不符。 9．句意：我们也为慈善机构筹钱帮助贫困儿童。 根据“raise money for some charities”可知，慈善机构筹钱通常帮助贫困群体，poor“贫穷的”符合语境；happy“快乐的”；healthy“健康的”和lazy“懒惰的”与“筹钱帮扶对象”的情况不符。 10．句意：我们尽最大努力向他们伸出援手。 此处考查give a helping hand to sb.，意为“向某人伸出援手”。排除take“拿”；make“制作”和carry“携带”。 11．句意：我们相信小小的帮助能给他们的生活带来很大影响。 此处考查make a difference，意为“产生影响/起作用”。排除decision“决定”；difficulty“困难”和discussion“讨论”。 12．句意：它让我意识到帮助他人就是帮助自己。 根据“helping others is helping ourselves”可知，这是一种感悟或意识。realize“意识到”符合语境；reply“回复”；raise“筹集”和recommend“推荐”与“悟到道理”的语境不符。 13．句意：这不是为了获得奖牌或赞扬，而是为了给我们周围的人带来爱和温暖。 根据“love and warmth”可知，bringing“带来”符合语境。排除sending“发送”；providing“提供”和donating“捐赠”。 14．句意：我会继续志愿服务并邀请更多人加入我们。 根据“join us”可知，此处是表示邀请他人加入。invite“邀请”符合语境；order“命令”；force“强迫”和allow“允许”与“邀请加入”的语境不符。 （二） Last summer, I decided to volunteer at a local animal shelter. I had always loved animals, and I wanted to help 1 dogs and cats find loving homes. When I first arrived at the shelter, I was 2 by how many animals there were. There were dogs of all sizes and ages, and cats that were shy and scared. At first, I was nervous around the dogs, especially the big ones. But the shelter workers 3 me how to approach them safely, and soon I felt comfortable. My main job was to 4 the dogs, clean their cages, and play with them. I also helped with 5 the cats, giving them food and water, and cleaning their litter boxes. One day, a small, brown dog named Max came to the shelter. He was very shy and 6 to come near anyone. I spent a lot of time sitting near his cage, talking to him softly and giving him treats. After a few days, he started to 7 me, and he would come to the cage door when he saw me. I decided to 8 him for a walk every day, and soon he became my favorite dog at the shelter. After a few weeks, a family came to the shelter looking for a dog. They saw Max and 9 in love with him immediately. They adopted him, and I was so 10 to see him go to a loving home. It was a bittersweet moment, but I knew that Max would be happy with his new family. Volunteering at the animal shelter was one of the 11 experiences of my life. It taught me the importance of 12 others, especially those who can’t help themselves. It also taught me that even a small act of 13 can make a big difference in an animal’s life. If you are looking for a way to 14 your community, I highly recommend volunteering at an animal shelter. It’s a rewarding experience that will 15 your heart, and you will be helping animals in need. 1．A．homeless B．happy C．healthy D．strong 2．A．excited B．surprised C．bored D．angry 3．A．asked B．told C．taught D．ordered 4．A．feed B．sell C．buy D．train 5．A．looking for B．looking after C．looking at D．looking up 6．A．happy B．willing C．afraid D．ready 7．A．trust B．fear C．hate D．ignore 8．A．make B．take C．get D．keep 9．A．fell B．got C．became D．turned 10．A．sad B．happy C．worried D．nervous 11．A．worst B．hardest C．best D．easiest 12．A．helping B．hurting C．watching D．following 13．A．kindness B．cruelty C．anger D．fear 14．A．leave B．join C．help D．visit 15．A．break B．warm C．hurt D．open 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文讲述了作者去年夏天在动物收容所做志愿者的经历，照顾流浪动物并帮助它们找到新家，从中收获了温暖和成长。 【详解】196．句意：我想帮助无家可归的狗和猫找到有爱的家。 作者在动物收容所当志愿者，这里的动物都是被遗弃的，说明它们是“无家可归的”，homeless“无家可归的”符合。happy“快乐的”，healthy“健康的”，strong“强壮的”，均与流浪动物身份不符。 1．句意：当我第一次到达收容所时，那里有多少动物让我感到惊讶。 作者没想到有这么多动物，说明他感到“惊讶”，surprised“惊讶的”符合。excited“兴奋的”，bored“无聊的”，angry“生气的”，均与惊讶情绪不符。 2．句意：收容所的工作人员教我如何安全地接近它们。 作者一开始对大狗感到紧张，后来能安全接近，是因为工作人员“教”了他，taught“教”符合。asked“问”，told“告诉”，ordered“命令”，均与教学指导不符。 3．句意：我的主要工作是喂狗、清洁它们的笼子以及和它们玩耍。 作为志愿者，他需要“喂”狗，feed“喂”符合。sell“卖”，buy“买”，train“训练”，均与照顾动物的基本工作不符。 4．句意：我还帮忙照顾猫。 除了狗，作者还帮忙“照顾”猫，looking after“照顾”符合。looking for“寻找”，looking at“看”，looking up“查阅”，均与照顾不符。 5．句意：他很害羞，不敢靠近任何人。 Max刚到收容所时非常害羞，说明它“害怕”靠近人，afraid to do sth.“害怕做某事”，afraid“害怕的”符合。happy“快乐的”，willing“愿意的”，ready“准备好的”，均与害羞行为不符。 6．句意：几天后，他开始信任我。 作者耐心对待Max后，它开始“信任”作者，trust“信任”符合。fear“害怕”，hate“讨厌”，ignore“忽视”，均与建立信任关系不符。 7．句意：我决定每天带他去散步。 为了让它更适应人类，作者决定“带”它去散步，take him for a walk“带他去散步”，take“带”符合。make“制作”，get“得到”，keep“保持”，均与带狗散步不符。 8．句意：他们立刻爱上了他。 领养家庭看到Max后立刻就“爱上”了它，fall in love with“爱上”，fell为fall的过去式，符合。got“得到”，became“成为”，turned“转变”，均与爱上不符。 9．句意：看到他去了一个有爱的家，我很开心。 虽然不舍，但看到Max有了好归宿，作者还是“开心”的，happy“开心的”符合。sad“悲伤的”，worried“担心的”，nervous“紧张的”，均与送走宠物的复杂心情中积极的成分不符。 10．句意：在动物收容所做志愿者是我一生中最好的经历之一。 这段经历对作者产生了积极影响，说明是“最好的”经历之一，best“最好的”符合。worst“最差的”，hardest“最难的”，easiest“最简单的”，均与积极评价不符。 11．句意：它教会了我帮助他人的重要性，尤其是那些无法自助的人。 志愿者工作的核心是“帮助”他人，helping“帮助”符合。hurting“伤害”，watching“观看”，following“跟随”，均与志愿者精神不符。 12．句意：它教会了我，即使是一个小小的善举也能给动物的生活带来很大的改变。 作者通过自己的行动体会到“善意”的力量，kindness“善意”符合。cruelty“残忍”，anger“愤怒”，fear“恐惧”，均与善举不符。 13．句意：如果你正在寻找一种方式来帮助你的社区，我强烈推荐在动物收容所做志愿者。 作者建议读者通过志愿者工作来“帮助”社区，help your community“帮助你的社区”，help“帮助”符合。leave“离开”，join“加入”，visit“参观”，均与社区贡献不符。 14．句意：这是一次有益的经历，会温暖你的心。 志愿者工作会“温暖”人的心灵，warm your heart“温暖你的心”，warm“温暖”符合。break“打破”，hurt“伤害”，open“打开”，均与温暖不符。 （三） I do volunteer work every Friday. A week ago, I had the pleasure of helping one sick lady. She is in her eighties and is very weak and I 1 bring her lunch on Fridays. She looked worried 2 she opened the door that day. She told me her phone was broken and that she couldn’t receive the 3 from her doctor. She went to her 4 next door, but they were not at home. She thought maybe the mailman (邮递员) could 5 her, but he didn’t come. Having heard her story, I decided to do 6 for her. I tried to meet the needs of the old 7 who only needed a helping hand. I called the phone company (公司) and made sure they knew that getting this phone fixed was 8 . I 9 her phone number and her name. I wanted to make sure I could call her 10 . And I wanted to make sure that the phone had been fixed. I called the phone company twice that day. They told me they had checked the phone and 11 it. I called the old woman. She was so 12 that she was in tears. To make sure she was 13 , I called her every day after that. Just helping her when she was in trouble filled my heart with such 14 and happiness. It is not so hard to help someone 15 a neighbour. Volunteering will make the world different. Sometimes, people just need a smile, a hug or a phone call. 1．A．always B．seldom C．hardly D．never 2．A．but B．if C．until D．when 3．A．medicine B．call C．letter D．news 4．A．volunteers B．classmates C．neighbours D．friends 5．A．see B．know C．help D．watch 6．A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 7．A．woman B．doctor C．mailman D．nurse 8．A．possible B．difficult C．important D．interesting 9．A．cut down B．lay down C．slowed down D．wrote down 10．A．quietly B．later C．quickly D．suddenly 11．A．bought B．picked C．answered D．fixed 12．A．thankful B．worried C．confused D．relaxed 13．A．strong B．busy C．fine D．lonely 14．A．thoughts B．love C．surprise D．spirits 15．A．like B．under C．across D．over 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【解析】本文讲述了作者在志愿工作中帮助一位独居老妇人修好电话的经历，表达了“小小的善意就能温暖他人、点亮世界”的感悟。 【详解】211．句意：她八十多岁了，身体很虚弱，我总是在周五给她带午餐。 根据前文“I do volunteer work every Friday”，作者每周五都来，因此选always“总是”。seldom“很少”、hardly“几乎不”、never“从不”均不符合志愿工作的语境。 1．句意：那天她开门的时候，看起来很担心。 此处表示“当她开门时”，用when“当……时候”。but“但是”、if“如果”、until“直到”均不符合语境逻辑。 2．句意：她告诉我她的电话坏了，收不到医生的来电。 电话坏了会影响接电话，因此选call“电话”。medicine“药”、letter“信”、news“消息”均不符合电话坏了的影响。 3．句意：她去找隔壁邻居，但他们不在家。 “next door”表示“隔壁”，对应的是neighbours“邻居”。volunteers“志愿者”、classmates“同学”、friends“朋友”均不符合“next door”的语境。 4．句意：她以为也许邮递员能帮她，但他没来。 此处表示老人希望邮递员能提供帮助，因此选help“帮助”。see“看见”、know“知道”、watch“观看”均不符合语境。 5．句意：听完她的故事，我决定为她做点什么。 作者决定采取行动帮助老人，选something“某事”。nothing“什么也不做”、everything“所有事”、anything“任何事，多用于否定/疑问句”均不符合语境。 6．句意：我努力满足这位只需要一点帮助的老妇人的需求。 前文一直在讲这位老妇人，因此选woman“妇人”。doctor“医生”、mailman“邮递员”、nurse“护士”均不符合语境。 7．句意：我给电话公司打电话，让他们知道修好这个电话很重要。 电话关系到老人联系医生，因此修好它很重要，选important“重要的”。possible“可能的”、difficult“困难的”、interesting“有趣的”均不符合语境。 8．句意：我记下了她的电话号码和名字。 为了后续联系，作者写下了她的信息，用wrote down“写下”。cut down“削减”、lay down“放下”、slowed down“减速”均不符合语境。 9．句意：我想确保之后能联系到她。 记下信息是为了之后联系，选later“之后”。quietly“安静地”、quickly“快速地”、suddenly“突然地”均不符合语境。 10．句意：他们告诉我已经检查过电话并修好了。 前文一直在说修电话，此处对应修好，选fixed“修理”。bought“买”、picked“捡起”、answered“回答”均不符合语境。 11．句意：她非常感激，哭了起来。 电话修好，老人解决了困难，内心充满感激，选thankful“感激的”。worried“担心的”、confused“困惑的”、relaxed“放松的”均不符合语境。 12．句意：为了确保她一切安好，从那以后我每天都给她打电话。 作者每天打电话是为了确认老人状态良好，用fine“安好的”。strong“强壮的”、busy“忙碌的”、lonely“孤独的”均不符合语境。 13．句意：在她遇到困难时帮助她，让我的心中充满了爱与幸福。 帮助他人带来的是爱与幸福，选love“爱”。thoughts“想法”、surprise“惊喜”、spirits“精神”均不符合语境。 14．句意：帮助像邻居这样的人并不难。 此处表示“像邻居一样的人”，用like“像”。under“在……下”、across“穿过”、over“在……上方”均不符合语境。 （四） Logan Ober, a teenager in Canada, started a project (项目) to give people free computers. He’s young, 1 he’s good at computers. One day, there was something 2 with his teacher’s computer. He helped 3 it and this made him happy. Then the boy got an idea. He 4 to turn this skill into a way to help others. In his free time, Logan often collects broken, old and unused computers from schools and office buildings. Then he fixes them and gives them away to 5 people. By now, he has helped more than one hundred people. And kids in a Children’s Home are among them. “He has offered 6 many computers. So the kids here can 7 them for online learning,” said Nancy Young, a worker in the Children’s Home. However, this project isn’t always 8 . Sometimes he has to spend a few days fixing one computer. But he 9 feels bored. When people asked him 10 he started the project, Logan said it was computers that had changed his life. “I was once upset. I used to 11 all kinds of things in life. However, the 12 for computers helped me beat it, so I wanted to do something for people in need. Some people are too poor to buy computers. Some people have old computers but they have no 13 what to do with them. I just do my part to make them 14 again,” he said. Logan thinks a man’s rubbish can be another man’s treasure (珍宝) . The boy says he’ll 15 repairing old computers and giving them to people in need. He’ll try his best to make the world better. 1．A．because B．or C．but D．as 2．A．wide B．wrong C．exciting D．important 3．A．break B．return C．throw D．repair 4．A．decided B．refused C．forgot D．agreed 5．A．clever B．poor C．handsome D．serious 6．A．him B．you C．her D．us 7．A．use B．change C．copy D．describe 8．A．easy B．slow C．boring D．terrible 9．A．even B．never C．often D．still 10．A．when B．where C．why D．what 11．A．talk about B．look for C．hear from D．worry about 12．A．way B．step C．love D．accident 13．A．idea B．money C．place D．role 14．A．proper B．healthy C．useful D．delicious 15．A．advise B．keep C．stop D．practice 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了加拿大少年Logan Ober发起公益项目，收集并修理废旧电脑，免费送给有需要的人，帮助了包括福利院孩子在内的许多人，用行动践行环保与爱心。 1．句意：他很年轻，但很擅长电脑。 前后句逻辑关系，前句说“He’s young”，后句说“he’s good at computers”，构成转折关系。应选but，表示“但是”，连接转折关系。because“因为”，or“或者”、as“因为”，均不符合转折逻辑。 2．句意：有一天，他老师的电脑出了点问题。 固定搭配there is something wrong with…，表示“……出故障了”。应选wrong，构成固定搭配。wide“宽的”、exciting“令人兴奋的”、important“重要的”均无法与该结构搭配。 3．句意：他帮忙修好了电脑，这让他很开心。 前文提到电脑出故障，后文说“this made him happy”，结合上下文他擅长电脑。应选repair，表示“修理”，符合语境。break“打碎”、return“归还”、throw“扔掉”与“帮老师解决问题”的语境不符。 4．句意：他决定把这项技能变成帮助他人的方式。 前文“got an idea”（想到一个主意），后文“turn this skill into a way to help others”。应选decided，表示“决定”，即他决定把这项技能变成帮助他人的方式。refused“拒绝”、forgot“忘记”、agreed“同意”均与“想到主意并付诸行动”的语境不符。 5．句意：然后他修好它们，送给穷人。 后文提到“Some people are too poor to buy computers”，说明他帮助的是穷人。应选poor，表示“贫穷的”，符合语境。clever“聪明的”、handsome“帅气的”、serious“严肃的”与“需要免费电脑”的背景无关。 6．句意：“他为我们提供了很多电脑，所以这里的孩子们可以用它们进行在线学习，”儿童福利院的工作人员南希·杨说。 前文提到“kids in a Children’s Home are among them”，说话人是福利院的工作人员，指代福利院的孩子们。应选us，表示“我们”，即“他为我们提供了许多电脑”。him“他”、you“你”、her“她”与说话人的视角不符。 7．句意：所以这里的孩子们可以用它们进行在线学习。 后文提到“for online learning”，说明电脑的用途是供孩子们使用。应选use，表示“使用”，即“用电脑学习”。change“改变”、copy“复制”、describe“描述”与“在线学习”的语境不符。 8．句意：然而，这个项目并不总是容易的。 后文提到“Sometimes he has to spend a few days fixing one computer”，说明项目并不容易。应选easy，表示“容易的”，即“项目并不总是容易的”。slow“慢的”、boring“无聊的”、terrible“糟糕的”与后文的“耗时”语境不直接对应。 9．句意：但他从不感到无聊。 前文说修一台电脑要花几天时间，后文用“But”转折，说明他不觉得无聊。应选never，表示“从不”，即“但他从不感到无聊”。even“甚至”、often“经常”、still“仍然”均无法体现转折后的积极态度。 10．句意：当人们问他为什么发起这个项目时，Logan说正是电脑改变了他的生活。 后文Logan的回答是解释项目的起因，说明问题是“为什么”要发起项目。应选why，表示“为什么”，引导宾语从句询问原因。“when何时”、where“何地”、what“什么”与回答的原因不符。 11．句意：我过去常常为生活中的各种事情担忧。 前文提到“I was once upset”，后文说电脑帮助他克服了这种情绪，说明他过去会为生活中的事情担忧。应选worry about，表示“担忧”，符合语境。talk about“谈论”、look for“寻找”、hear from“收到来信”与“upset”的情绪背景不符。 12．句意：然而，对电脑的热爱帮助我克服了它，所以我想为有需要的人做点什么。 后文提到“for computers helped me beat it”，说明是对电脑的热爱帮助他走出低谷。应选love，表示“热爱”，即“对电脑的热爱”。way“方式”、step“步骤”、accident“意外”均无法体现他对电脑的情感。 13．句意：有些人有旧电脑，但不知道该怎么处理它们。 前文说“Some people have old computers but…”，结合后文Logan帮忙修理，说明人们不知道如何处理旧电脑。应选idea，构成固定搭配“have no idea what to do with them”，表示“不知道如何处理它们”。money“钱”、place“地方”、role“角色”均无法与该结构搭配。 14．句意：我只是尽我的一份力，让它们再次变得有用。 前文提到“repairing old computers”，说明Logan的目的是让旧电脑重新变得有用。应选useful，表示“有用的”，即“让它们再次变得有用”。proper“合适的”、healthy“健康的”、delicious“美味的”与电脑的功能语境不符。 15．句意：这个男孩说他会继续修理旧电脑，把它们送给有需要的人。 后文提到“repairing old computers and giving them to people in need”，说明他会继续做这件事。应选keep，构成固定搭配“keep doing sth.”，表示“继续做某事”。advise“建议”、stop“停止”、practice“练习”与后文的“坚持做”语境不符。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $