专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，广西专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为初中英语说明文阅读理解专题汇编，精选广西多地市期末真题，涵盖动物保护、健康生活、中国文化、科技发展等主题，50道选择题全面考查学生语言理解与信息提取能力，素材贴近生活且具时代性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|50题|细节理解（如鲸鱼幼崽食物）、主旨大意（如段落主要内容）、词义猜测（如“precious”含义）、推理判断（如机器人与人类关系）、文化认知（如中国传统乐器）|情境融合科技（AI、机器人）、文化传承（书法、民乐）、社会热点（环境保护、健康饮食）；问题设计梯度分明，从基础信息到深层推理，适配八年级期末考要求，汇编来源为广西各地市真实期末试题|

动学科网 1.B 2.B 3.C 6.C 7.B 8.A 11.B 12.A 13.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 21.C 22.A 23.B 26.C 27.A 28.C 31.C 32.A 33.B 36.B 37.A 38.C 41.A 42.A 43.B www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（说明文） (参考答案) 基础 必练 Passage 1 4.A5.C Passage 2 9.A 10.B Passage3 14.C15.C Passage 4 19.C20.B Passage 5 24.C 25.C 进阶 提升 Passage 1 29.A 30.B Passage 2 34.B35.C Passage 3 39.B 40.A Passage 4 44.B45.C 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网 46.B 47.B 48.A www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 5 49.A50.C 试卷第1页，共3页 专题04阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025八年级下·广西百色·期末）There are lots of animals on the earth. What is the biggest animal of all? The whale or the elephant? We all know elephants are the biggest animals on land. But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world. A blue whale can be more than thirty meters long and weighs over 150,000 kilos. Whales live in the sea. They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are animals. The baby whales drink milk from the mother’s body. Some adult whales have no teeth so they eat only small fish and other sea life. Other adults have teeth and they eat large animals in water. Whales can jump very high out of water. They can also sing songs. The whales talk to each other with high noise. It sounds like singing. In the sea, whales are never lost because they have a special skill. They can send and get a kind of special wave (波) to tell themselves direction. Whales are precious animals, a 100,000-kilo blue whale’s price is up to $10,000. Some people catch them for meat, fat and use whale parts to make candles and soaps. Whales are also endangered animals. On the one hand, people kill a lot of whales. On the other hand, people put too much rubbish into the sea and cause water pollution. So we should protect whales by making rules to stop killing whales and putting rubbish into the sea. I think people should learn more about whales and know protecting whales is also protecting ourselves. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．What do the baby whales eat? A．Small fish. B．Milk. C．Large animals. 2．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Whales’ looks. B．Whales’ food. C．Whales’ environment. 3．How do whales know the direction in the sea? A．Through a high noise. B．Through singing songs. C．Through a kind of special wave. 4．What does the underlined word “precious” mean? A．Valuable. B．Strange. C．Huge. 5．What does the writer advise us to do to protect whales? A．To kill whales’ enemies (敌人). B．To give whales more food. C．To stop people killing whales and putting rubbish into the sea. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼的相关信息，包括鲸鱼的大小、生活习性、交流方式、面临的威胁以及保护鲸鱼的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The baby whales drink milk from the mother’s body.”可知，小鲸鱼喝妈妈身上的奶，故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Some adult whales have no teeth so they eat only small fish and other sea life. Other adults have teeth and they eat large animals in water.”可知，第二段主要介绍了鲸鱼的食物，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They can send and get a kind of special wave (波) to tell themselves direction.”可知，鲸鱼可以通过一种特殊的波来辨别方向，故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“a 100,000-kilo blue whale’s price is up to $10,000”可知，一条重达10万公斤的蓝鲸价格高达1万美元，由此可推测出鲸鱼很珍贵，precious意为“珍贵的”，与valuable意思相近，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So we should protect whales by making rules to stop killing whales and putting rubbish into the sea.”可知，作者建议我们制定规则来阻止捕杀鲸鱼和向海里扔垃圾，以此来保护鲸鱼，故选C。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·广西柳州·期末）Healthy living habits for teenagers Things to do Proper time After getting up and before going to bed During breakfast At around 22:00 After meals Advantages To reduce germs (细菌) in the mouth To keep the body strong and help sleep well To be good for a deep sleep To keep the body strong More tips Brush the tongue while brushing teeth Avoid drinking it when having a stomach ache Sleep for at least 8 hours every night Wash carefully before eating it 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 6．What advantage does brushing teeth have? A．It helps sleep well. B．It can keep the body strong. C．It can reduce germs in the mouth. 7．When is the proper time for teenagers to drink milk? A．Before going to bed. B．During breakfast. C．After getting up. 8．How can teenagers keep the body strong? A．By drinking milk and eating fruit. B．By drinking milk and brushing teeth. C．By going to bed late and eating fruit. 9．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．We shouldn’t drink milk when having a stomach ache. B．Teenagers must sleep for less than 8 hours every night. C．Teenagers should brush the tongue after brushing teeth. 10．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a novel. B．In a magazine. C．In a dictionary. 【答案】6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年健康生活习惯的相关内容。 6．细节理解题。根据“After getting up and before going to bed”对应的“Advantages”是“To reduce germs (细菌) in the mouth”，可知刷牙的优势是可以减少口腔里的细菌。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据表格中“During breakfast”与喝牛奶相关联可知，青少年喝牛奶的合适时间是早餐期间。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据“During breakfast”对应的“Advantages”是“To keep the body strong and help sleep well”以及常识可知喝牛奶有助于保持身体强壮，再结合“After meals”对应的“To keep the body strong”以及“Wash carefully before eating it”可知，青少年通过喝牛奶和吃水果可以保持身体强壮。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据“Avoid drinking it when having a stomach ache”可知，胃痛时不应该喝牛奶。故选A。 10．推理判断题。文章主要围绕青少年健康生活习惯展开，这样的内容更有可能出现在杂志上。故选B。 Passage3 （2025八年级下·广西百色·期末） Do you know harbor seals (斑海豹)? They are special sea animals often called “sea pandas” because China protects them like national treasures. They have round heads, big eyes, and spotted fur (带斑点的皮毛). They mainly live in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Liaodong Bay (湾) is their most important home. These animals are excellent swimmers. Every winter, they travel from the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) to Liaodong Bay. Baby seals are born on ice between January and February. Sadly, these sea pandas have some big troubles. Polluted water makes the ocean dirty and people catch too many fish so seals can’t find enough food. In the 1990s, there were only 1,000 seals left. To help them, China created a protected ocean area near Dalian in 1997. Now, workers clean the seas, use satellite trackers (卫星追踪器) to study seal movements, and help hurt seals. Thanks to these efforts, about 2,000 harbor seals now swim in Chinese waters. Since 2022, April 16 has been China’s Harbor Seal Protection Day. On this day, students help clean beaches while scientists teach communities the importance of protecting seals. As scientists say, “Happy seals mean a happy ocean!” Remember: Protecting seals helps keep our oceans healthy. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 11．Why are harbor seals called “sea pandas”? A．Because they eat bamboo. B．Because China protects them as special treasures. C．Because they have black and white fur like pandas 12．Where do most harbor seals live in China? A．The Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. B．The Pacific Ocean. C．Rivers near Dalian. 13．What do people do on China’s Harbor Seal Protection Day? A．Build new houses for seals B．Watch movies about the Pacific Ocean. C．Clean beaches and teach others about seals. 14．What is the passage mainly about? A．The eating habits of sea pandas. B．Different sea animals in the Bohai Sea C．Dangers and protection of China’s special seals. 15．What does the writer want to tell us according to the passage? A．To learn about seals’ habits. B．To visit Liaodong Bay to see baby seals. C．To help protect seals by cleaning oceans and following rules. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国斑海豹的生存现状、面临的威胁以及保护措施，并呼吁人们参与保护海洋生态。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据“They are special sea animals often called ‘sea pandas’ because China protects them like national treasures.”可知，斑海豹被称为“海洋熊猫”是因为中国像保护国宝一样保护它们。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“They mainly live in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.”可知，斑海豹主要生活在黄海和渤海。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据“On this day, students help clean beaches while scientists teach communities the importance of protecting seals.”可知，中国斑海豹保护日的活动包括清理海滩和宣传保护知识。故选C。 14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕斑海豹的生存威胁和保护措施，重点在于其面临的危险和保护行动。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据“Remember: Protecting seals helps keep our oceans healthy.”及全文呼吁保护的基调可知，作者希望读者参与保护斑海豹和海洋环境。故选C。 Passage 4 （2024八年级下·广西南宁·期末）There are many classic (经典) cultures in China. All of them have a very long history. Here we introduce some of them. Chinese Handwriting Chinese handwriting is a special art to Asian culture. Brush handwriting is much loved around the world. Wang Xizhi is very famous for his handwriting. He made a great difference to the development of Kaishu. Chinese Folk Music China has a colorful culture. It is connected with Chinese ancient stories. Chinese folk music has a long history. One of the classics, Shijing, included some folk songs in 15 different areas from the West Zhou to Spring and Autumn Dynasty (朝代). Traditional Chinese musical instruments (乐器) include guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on. Chinese Painting Chinese painting is one of the oldest art forms in the world. Most of the Chinese paintings in ancient China were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, figures (人物), flowers and birds. The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water. Weiqi Weiqi, called “yi” in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history for over 3,000 years. The game can be treated as the beginning of all ancient chess games. It was introduced to Korea (韩国) about 2,000 years ago and was popular with the higher classes. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 16．What is Wang Xizhi famous for? A．Chinese handwriting. B．Chinese folk music. C．Chinese painting. 17．Which of the following is a traditional Chinese musical instrument? A．Guitar. B．Violin. C．Erhu. 18．What is the highest Chinese painting? A．Birds. B．Mountains and water. C．Flowers. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese cultures are popular only in China. B．Chinese cultures are not welcomed by the higher classes. C．Chinese cultures have a long history. 20．Where can we probably read the passage in a magazine? A．Music. B．Culture. C．Sports. 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国四大传统文化：书法、音乐、绘画和围棋。 【详解】16．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xizhi is very famous for his handwriting.”可知，王羲之以书法闻名。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on.”可知，中国传统乐器包括古琴、古筝、琵琶、二胡和箫。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water.”可知，中国画的最高形式是山水画。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“There are many classic cultures in China. All of them have a very long history.”可知，这几种中国文化都有着悠久的历史。故选C。 20．推理判断题。根据“There are many classic cultures in China. All of them have a very long history. Here we introduce some of them.”可知，本文是对中国传统文化的介绍，因此能在文化相关的杂志中读到。故选B。 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末） In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like French fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don’t have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路) . That’s because electricity (电) can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 21．Where does the special robot work indoors? A．In the museum. B．At the bus station. C．In fast food restaurants. 22．What food can the special robot make at first? A．Burgers. B．French fries. C．Fried onions. 23．What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A．Earthquake. B．Electricity. C．Rainstorm. 24．What can we infer (推断) from the 4th paragraph? A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. C．These special robots can’t work without people’s help. 25．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Fastest Robots B．The Biggest Robots C．The Unusual Robots 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章中介绍了当今有很多不同寻常的机器人在做不同的工作。 21．细节理解题。根据“One special robot can help in fast food restaurants.”可知，这个特殊机器人在室内的快餐店工作。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“At first, the robot only made burgers.”可知，最开始机器人只会做汉堡。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“That’s because electricity (电) can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes.”可知，电力会使一些工人处于危险之中。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. ”可知，这些特殊的机器人没有人的帮助就不能工作。故选C。 25．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据“In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors.”可知，本文介绍了当今有很多不同寻常的机器人在做不同的工作。选项C“不同寻常的机器人”适合为文章标题。故选C。 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）Are you always feeling stressed (压力)? Do you want to be active in a short time? Let’s see what researchers discovered. A study found that we are less stressed when we walk or sit close to nature for about 20 minutes. A study from the University of Alabama found that after people visit their local city parks, they feel happier. “Usually, people think that they will improve their moods (心情) after visiting the park,” said the researcher Hon Yuen. “We did not find a clear relationship between exercise and good moods. Instead, we found it is very helpful to improve moods to spend time in parks.” What’s more, another study by King’s College London researchers discovered that being outside, seeing trees, listening to the birds, looking at the sky, and being close to nature can be good for the mental health (心理健康). Sometimes, these good results make people relax themselves for seven hours. Exercising in parks can easily improve visitors’ moods and make them active, and communication with nature brings many advantages to the mental health, such as resting, enjoying themselves and building their confidence. Open-air places, especially green places, offer chances to communicate with others. And that may help people to understand themselves better and help them be friends with others. With so many advantages, why not put down your work and take a walk in nature? 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 26．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. 27．Where can we stay to improve moods from this passage? A．In the park. B．At home. C．At school. 28．What advantages can visitors get from communication with nature? A．Enjoying themselves and working. B．Building confidence and working. C．Enjoying themselves and building confidence. 29．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指的是)? A．Communication with others. B．Open-air places. C．Chances to walk. 30．What’s the writer’s main purpose of this passage? A．To make readers feel happier. B．To ask readers to get close to nature. C．To improve readers’ mental health. 【答案】26．C 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了亲近自然对减轻压力、改善心情和促进心理健康的益处，并鼓励人们多接触自然。 26．细节理解题。根据“Are you always feeling stressed (压力)? Do you want to be active in a short time?”可知，作者通过提问的方式引入话题。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据“A study from the University of Alabama found that after people visit their local city parks, they feel happier.”可知，在公园里可以改善心情。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“communication with nature brings many advantages to the mental health, such as resting, enjoying themselves and building their confidence.”可知，与自然交流的好处包括享受自我和建立信心。故选C。 29．词句猜测题。根据“Open-air places, especially green places, offer chances to communicate with others. And that may help people…”可知，“that”指的是“与其他人交流的机会”。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“With so many advantages, why not put down your work and take a walk in nature?”可知，作者的主要目的是呼吁读者亲近自然。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）The Healthy Eating Plate (盘子) shows us four food groups. It is mainly about how to create healthy meals. Let’s have a look. Use healthy plant oils (油) for cooking, like sunflower oil. Eat less butter. Don’t eat trans-fat (反式脂肪). Water is the best choice. Drink tea, or coffee with little or no sugar. Drink milk once or twice a day, and a small glass of juice a day. Fill half your plate with vegetables and fruit. The more vegetables and the more kinds, the better. Eat plenty of fruit of all colors, such as red apples, purple grapes, or yellow bananas. Eat different kinds of whole grains (全谷物), like whole-wheat bread. Eat fewer refined grains (精制谷物), like white rice. Choose fish, chicken, beans and nuts. Eat less cheese and red meat like beef. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 31．Which kind of oil is better for cooking? A．Butter. B．Trans-fat oil. C．Sunflower oil. 32．What food groups should fill 50% of the plate? A．Fruit and vegetables. B．Fruit and healthy protein. C．Whole grains and vegetables. 33．How often should people drink milk according to the passage? A．Only once a day. B．Once or twice a day. C．Three times a day. 34．Which of the following are the healthy ways of life? ① Have lots of fruit of all colors.    ② Drink coffee with plenty of sugar. ③ Eat different whole-wheat bread.    ④ Choose more red meat and cheese. A．①② B．①③ C．③④ 35．Where can we most probably read the passage? A．A story book. B．A sports website. C．A health magazine. 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍健康餐盘的构成，从食用油的选择、各类食物的占比、饮品的饮用频率等方面，阐述了如何创建健康饮食的方法。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据“Use healthy plant oils (油) for cooking, like sunflower oil. Eat less butter. Don’t eat trans-fat (反式脂肪).”可知，烹饪时向日葵油是更好的选择，故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“Fill half your plate with vegetables and fruit.”可知，盘子的50%应该由水果和蔬菜占据，故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据“Drink milk once or twice a day”可知，人们应该一天喝一到两次牛奶，故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“Eat plenty of fruit of all colors”可知①是健康的生活方式；根据“Drink tea, or coffee with little or no sugar”可知②不是健康的生活方式；根据“Eat different kinds of whole grains (全谷物), like whole-wheat bread”可知③是健康的生活方式；根据“Eat less cheese and red meat like beef”可知④不是健康的生活方式。所以①③是健康的生活方式，故选B。 35．推理判断题。文章主要围绕健康饮食展开，介绍了各种健康饮食的建议，所以最有可能在健康杂志上读到，故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·广西玉林·期末） ①AI (artificial intelligence人工智能) is changing the world now. It has been widely used in many different areas. ②________. Chatbots, a kind of AI tool, have become a necessary part of modern communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on computers or phones, chatbots can offer help quickly. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. AI is changing the way we talk and live every day. ③AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some car-sharing services depend heavily on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better travel services. And self-driving cars are another example of AI’s use in travel. With the help of AI, they can be safer and help people who cannot drive. ④AI provides a smart way to education. It changes the way teachers teach and students learn. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting, which helps students focus more on their studies. AI can also help students outside class. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and explain things. By checking what students are good at and what they need to improve, AI can make proper study plans for them. This makes learning easier. ⑤All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 36．Which sentence can be put in the blank ________ in Paragraph 2? A．Let’s learn how to make AI B．Let’s find out its role in communication C．AI is more important than other technologies 37．What does the underline word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．Self-driving cars. B．Car-sharing services. C．AI. 38．What can AI do in education? A．It makes teaching and learning more boring. B．It helps students do all their homework. C．It can make study plans for students. 39．What does the writer think about AI’s future? A．It will not change anything. B．It will keep changing our daily lives. C．It is only useful for scientists. 40．Which is the structure of the text? A． B． C． 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能（AI）在交流、交通和教育等方面的应用，并展望了它对未来生活的影响。 36．推理判断题。根据第②段内容“Chatbots… AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. AI is changing the way we talk and live every day.”可知，本段主要讲AI在交流中的作用。故填“Let’s find out its role in communication”。故选B。 37．词句猜测题。根据第③段“And self-driving cars are another example of AI’s use in travel. With the help of AI, they can be safer and help people who cannot drive.”可知，they指代的是“self-driving cars”。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据第④段“By checking what students are good at and what they need to improve, AI can make proper study plans for them.”可知，AI能为学生制定学习计划。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据第⑤段“All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences.”可知，作者认为AI未来会持续改变我们的生活。故选B。 40．篇章结构题。本文结构是“①总说→②③④分说AI在交流、交通、教育的应用→⑤总结”，属于“总—分—总”的结构。故选A。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）①Do you yawn (打哈欠)? Scientists have found about 20 possible reasons (原因) for yawning, but they still aren’t very sure why we do it. However, they do know some interesting facts about it. ②We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds (秒). You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. That is to say when you see someone yawn, you yawn, too. ③Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. For example, Olympic runners often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain (大脑) cool down. ④Some scientists also found that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you stretch (舒展) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums (耳膜) stretch, too. This helps you to be quicker to notice things. ⑤________. In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. While in other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in and bad things go out of the body with the air. ⑥Those are the facts about yawning. It doesn’t cause harm. It is just something we do naturally. So next time you yawn, remember: it might be the way your brain stays cool and sharp 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 41．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph② mean? A．易传染的 B．易消逝的 C．易改变的 42．What did scientists find about yawning? a. Yawning can help a warm brain cool down. b. Yawning makes you notice things more quickly. c. Yawning brings bad things into our bodies. A．ab B．bc C．ac 43．Which of the following can be put into ________ in Paragraph⑤? A．There are many advantages of yawning. B．Different countries see yawning differently. C．Yawning brings good luck to people. 44．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． 45．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Main reasons of yawning. B．Different ways of yawning. C．Interesting facts about yawning. 【答案】41．A 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有关打哈欠的一些有趣事实，如打哈欠的方式是相同的且具有传染性，打哈欠可能与人们的不同情绪有关，还能帮助大脑降温、让人更快注意到事物，不同国家对打哈欠有不同看法等内容。 41．词句猜测题。根据“That is to say when you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.”可知，看到别人打哈欠自己也会打哈欠，所以“contagious”意思是“易传染的”，故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据“In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain (大脑) cool down.”和“Some scientists also found that yawning makes you notice things more quickly.”可知，科学家发现打哈欠能帮助温暖的大脑降温，还能让人更快注意到事物，文中未提及打哈欠会给身体带来不好的东西，故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据“In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. While in other countries, people think yawning is healthy.”可知，不同国家对打哈欠看法不同，选项B“不同国家对打哈欠有不同看法”符合语境，故选B。 44．篇章结构题。分析全文可知，文章第一段提出关于打哈欠原因不确定但有有趣事实，第二段到第五段介绍了打哈欠的一些事实，第六段总结打哈欠是自然的行为。所以本文是“总—分—总”结构，故选B。 45．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕打哈欠展开，介绍了打哈欠的方式、传染性、与情绪和大脑的关系、不同国家的看法等有趣事实，故选C。 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）Half the size of Earth, Mars is known as the Red Planet. Mars is far away from Earth—about 225 million kilometers. Like Earth, it has 4 seasons. A day on Mars is a bit longer than one on Earth, lasting 24.6 hours. A year on Mars is longer, and it lasts 687 Earth days. It is colder on Mars, from -143℃ to -35℃. Earth only has one moon, but Mars has two. Let’s get more information about Mars by looking at the picture. Like Earth, Mars has ice caps at its poles (极) in winter. The north pole’s ice caps melt (融化) in summer. The northern part of Mars has a smooth surface (表面). Scientists believe that there was once an ocean (海洋) there. Mars has many volcanoes (火山). Olympus Mons is the largest one on Mars. It is also the largest in the solar system. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 46．How far is Mars from Earth? A．About 143 million kilometers. B．About 225 million kilometers. C．About 687 million kilometers. 47．How many hours are there in a day on Mars? A．24 hours. B．24.6 hours. C．26 hours. 48．What can we see at the poles of Mars in winter? A．Ice caps. B．An ocean. C．Olympus Mons. 49．What do Mars and Earth have in common (共同点)? A．They both have 4 seasons. B．They both have 365 days in a year. C．They both have two moons. 50．Where can we probably read the text in a newspaper? A．Sports World. B．School Life. C．Science Study. 【答案】46．B 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火星的一些基本信息，包括它与地球的距离、一天和一年的时长、气候、卫星情况，以及其两极、表面和火山等特征，让读者对火星有了更全面的了解。 46．细节理解题。根据“Mars is far away from Earth—about 225 million kilometers.”可知，火星离地球约2.25亿公里，故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“A day on Mars is a bit longer than one on Earth, lasting 24.6 hours.”可知，火星上一天有24.6小时，故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“Like Earth, Mars has ice caps at its poles (极) in winter.”可知，冬天在火星两极能看到冰盖，故选A。 49．细节理解题。根据“Like Earth, it has 4 seasons.”可知，火星和地球都有四季，故选A。 50．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了火星的相关科学知识，所以可能在报纸的“科学研究”板块读到，故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04阅读理解（说明文） Passage 1 （2025八年级下·广西百色·期末）There are lots of animals on the earth. What is the biggest animal of all? The whale or the elephant? We all know elephants are the biggest animals on land. But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world. A blue whale can be more than thirty meters long and weighs over 150,000 kilos. Whales live in the sea. They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are animals. The baby whales drink milk from the mother’s body. Some adult whales have no teeth so they eat only small fish and other sea life. Other adults have teeth and they eat large animals in water. Whales can jump very high out of water. They can also sing songs. The whales talk to each other with high noise. It sounds like singing. In the sea, whales are never lost because they have a special skill. They can send and get a kind of special wave (波) to tell themselves direction. Whales are precious animals, a 100,000-kilo blue whale’s price is up to $10,000. Some people catch them for meat, fat and use whale parts to make candles and soaps. Whales are also endangered animals. On the one hand, people kill a lot of whales. On the other hand, people put too much rubbish into the sea and cause water pollution. So we should protect whales by making rules to stop killing whales and putting rubbish into the sea. I think people should learn more about whales and know protecting whales is also protecting ourselves. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．What do the baby whales eat? A．Small fish. B．Milk. C．Large animals. 2．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Whales’ looks. B．Whales’ food. C．Whales’ environment. 3．How do whales know the direction in the sea? A．Through a high noise. B．Through singing songs. C．Through a kind of special wave. 4．What does the underlined word “precious” mean? A．Valuable. B．Strange. C．Huge. 5．What does the writer advise us to do to protect whales? A．To kill whales’ enemies (敌人). B．To give whales more food. C．To stop people killing whales and putting rubbish into the sea. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·广西柳州·期末）Healthy living habits for teenagers Things to do Proper time After getting up and before going to bed During breakfast At around 22:00 After meals Advantages To reduce germs (细菌) in the mouth To keep the body strong and help sleep well To be good for a deep sleep To keep the body strong More tips Brush the tongue while brushing teeth Avoid drinking it when having a stomach ache Sleep for at least 8 hours every night Wash carefully before eating it 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 6．What advantage does brushing teeth have? A．It helps sleep well. B．It can keep the body strong. C．It can reduce germs in the mouth. 7．When is the proper time for teenagers to drink milk? A．Before going to bed. B．During breakfast. C．After getting up. 8．How can teenagers keep the body strong? A．By drinking milk and eating fruit. B．By drinking milk and brushing teeth. C．By going to bed late and eating fruit. 9．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．We shouldn’t drink milk when having a stomach ache. B．Teenagers must sleep for less than 8 hours every night. C．Teenagers should brush the tongue after brushing teeth. 10．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a novel. B．In a magazine. C．In a dictionary. Passage3 （2025八年级下·广西百色·期末） Do you know harbor seals (斑海豹)? They are special sea animals often called “sea pandas” because China protects them like national treasures. They have round heads, big eyes, and spotted fur (带斑点的皮毛). They mainly live in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Liaodong Bay (湾) is their most important home. These animals are excellent swimmers. Every winter, they travel from the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) to Liaodong Bay. Baby seals are born on ice between January and February. Sadly, these sea pandas have some big troubles. Polluted water makes the ocean dirty and people catch too many fish so seals can’t find enough food. In the 1990s, there were only 1,000 seals left. To help them, China created a protected ocean area near Dalian in 1997. Now, workers clean the seas, use satellite trackers (卫星追踪器) to study seal movements, and help hurt seals. Thanks to these efforts, about 2,000 harbor seals now swim in Chinese waters. Since 2022, April 16 has been China’s Harbor Seal Protection Day. On this day, students help clean beaches while scientists teach communities the importance of protecting seals. As scientists say, “Happy seals mean a happy ocean!” Remember: Protecting seals helps keep our oceans healthy. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 11．Why are harbor seals called “sea pandas”? A．Because they eat bamboo. B．Because China protects them as special treasures. C．Because they have black and white fur like pandas 12．Where do most harbor seals live in China? A．The Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. B．The Pacific Ocean. C．Rivers near Dalian. 13．What do people do on China’s Harbor Seal Protection Day? A．Build new houses for seals B．Watch movies about the Pacific Ocean. C．Clean beaches and teach others about seals. 14．What is the passage mainly about? A．The eating habits of sea pandas. B．Different sea animals in the Bohai Sea C．Dangers and protection of China’s special seals. 15．What does the writer want to tell us according to the passage? A．To learn about seals’ habits. B．To visit Liaodong Bay to see baby seals. C．To help protect seals by cleaning oceans and following rules. Passage 4 （2024八年级下·广西南宁·期末）There are many classic (经典) cultures in China. All of them have a very long history. Here we introduce some of them. Chinese Handwriting Chinese handwriting is a special art to Asian culture. Brush handwriting is much loved around the world. Wang Xizhi is very famous for his handwriting. He made a great difference to the development of Kaishu. Chinese Folk Music China has a colorful culture. It is connected with Chinese ancient stories. Chinese folk music has a long history. One of the classics, Shijing, included some folk songs in 15 different areas from the West Zhou to Spring and Autumn Dynasty (朝代). Traditional Chinese musical instruments (乐器) include guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on. Chinese Painting Chinese painting is one of the oldest art forms in the world. Most of the Chinese paintings in ancient China were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, figures (人物), flowers and birds. The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water. Weiqi Weiqi, called “yi” in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history for over 3,000 years. The game can be treated as the beginning of all ancient chess games. It was introduced to Korea (韩国) about 2,000 years ago and was popular with the higher classes. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 16．What is Wang Xizhi famous for? A．Chinese handwriting. B．Chinese folk music. C．Chinese painting. 17．Which of the following is a traditional Chinese musical instrument? A．Guitar. B．Violin. C．Erhu. 18．What is the highest Chinese painting? A．Birds. B．Mountains and water. C．Flowers. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese cultures are popular only in China. B．Chinese cultures are not welcomed by the higher classes. C．Chinese cultures have a long history. 20．Where can we probably read the passage in a magazine? A．Music. B．Culture. C．Sports. Passage 5 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末） In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like French fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don’t have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路) . That’s because electricity (电) can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 21．Where does the special robot work indoors? A．In the museum. B．At the bus station. C．In fast food restaurants. 22．What food can the special robot make at first? A．Burgers. B．French fries. C．Fried onions. 23．What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A．Earthquake. B．Electricity. C．Rainstorm. 24．What can we infer (推断) from the 4th paragraph? A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. C．These special robots can’t work without people’s help. 25．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Fastest Robots B．The Biggest Robots C．The Unusual Robots Passage 1 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）Are you always feeling stressed (压力)? Do you want to be active in a short time? Let’s see what researchers discovered. A study found that we are less stressed when we walk or sit close to nature for about 20 minutes. A study from the University of Alabama found that after people visit their local city parks, they feel happier. “Usually, people think that they will improve their moods (心情) after visiting the park,” said the researcher Hon Yuen. “We did not find a clear relationship between exercise and good moods. Instead, we found it is very helpful to improve moods to spend time in parks.” What’s more, another study by King’s College London researchers discovered that being outside, seeing trees, listening to the birds, looking at the sky, and being close to nature can be good for the mental health (心理健康). Sometimes, these good results make people relax themselves for seven hours. Exercising in parks can easily improve visitors’ moods and make them active, and communication with nature brings many advantages to the mental health, such as resting, enjoying themselves and building their confidence. Open-air places, especially green places, offer chances to communicate with others. And that may help people to understand themselves better and help them be friends with others. With so many advantages, why not put down your work and take a walk in nature? 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 26．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. 27．Where can we stay to improve moods from this passage? A．In the park. B．At home. C．At school. 28．What advantages can visitors get from communication with nature? A．Enjoying themselves and working. B．Building confidence and working. C．Enjoying themselves and building confidence. 29．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指的是)? A．Communication with others. B．Open-air places. C．Chances to walk. 30．What’s the writer’s main purpose of this passage? A．To make readers feel happier. B．To ask readers to get close to nature. C．To improve readers’ mental health. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）The Healthy Eating Plate (盘子) shows us four food groups. It is mainly about how to create healthy meals. Let’s have a look. Use healthy plant oils (油) for cooking, like sunflower oil. Eat less butter. Don’t eat trans-fat (反式脂肪). Water is the best choice. Drink tea, or coffee with little or no sugar. Drink milk once or twice a day, and a small glass of juice a day. Fill half your plate with vegetables and fruit. The more vegetables and the more kinds, the better. Eat plenty of fruit of all colors, such as red apples, purple grapes, or yellow bananas. Eat different kinds of whole grains (全谷物), like whole-wheat bread. Eat fewer refined grains (精制谷物), like white rice. Choose fish, chicken, beans and nuts. Eat less cheese and red meat like beef. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 31．Which kind of oil is better for cooking? A．Butter. B．Trans-fat oil. C．Sunflower oil. 32．What food groups should fill 50% of the plate? A．Fruit and vegetables. B．Fruit and healthy protein. C．Whole grains and vegetables. 33．How often should people drink milk according to the passage? A．Only once a day. B．Once or twice a day. C．Three times a day. 34．Which of the following are the healthy ways of life? ① Have lots of fruit of all colors.    ② Drink coffee with plenty of sugar. ③ Eat different whole-wheat bread.    ④ Choose more red meat and cheese. A．①② B．①③ C．③④ 35．Where can we most probably read the passage? A．A story book. B．A sports website. C．A health magazine. Passage 3 （2025八年级下·广西玉林·期末） ①AI (artificial intelligence人工智能) is changing the world now. It has been widely used in many different areas. ②________. Chatbots, a kind of AI tool, have become a necessary part of modern communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on computers or phones, chatbots can offer help quickly. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. AI is changing the way we talk and live every day. ③AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some car-sharing services depend heavily on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better travel services. And self-driving cars are another example of AI’s use in travel. With the help of AI, they can be safer and help people who cannot drive. ④AI provides a smart way to education. It changes the way teachers teach and students learn. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting, which helps students focus more on their studies. AI can also help students outside class. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and explain things. By checking what students are good at and what they need to improve, AI can make proper study plans for them. This makes learning easier. ⑤All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 36．Which sentence can be put in the blank ________ in Paragraph 2? A．Let’s learn how to make AI B．Let’s find out its role in communication C．AI is more important than other technologies 37．What does the underline word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．Self-driving cars. B．Car-sharing services. C．AI. 38．What can AI do in education? A．It makes teaching and learning more boring. B．It helps students do all their homework. C．It can make study plans for students. 39．What does the writer think about AI’s future? A．It will not change anything. B．It will keep changing our daily lives. C．It is only useful for scientists. 40．Which is the structure of the text? A． B． C． Passage 4 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）①Do you yawn (打哈欠)? Scientists have found about 20 possible reasons (原因) for yawning, but they still aren’t very sure why we do it. However, they do know some interesting facts about it. ②We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds (秒). You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. That is to say when you see someone yawn, you yawn, too. ③Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. For example, Olympic runners often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain (大脑) cool down. ④Some scientists also found that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you stretch (舒展) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums (耳膜) stretch, too. This helps you to be quicker to notice things. ⑤________. In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. While in other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in and bad things go out of the body with the air. ⑥Those are the facts about yawning. It doesn’t cause harm. It is just something we do naturally. So next time you yawn, remember: it might be the way your brain stays cool and sharp 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 41．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph② mean? A．易传染的 B．易消逝的 C．易改变的 42．What did scientists find about yawning? a. Yawning can help a warm brain cool down. b. Yawning makes you notice things more quickly. c. Yawning brings bad things into our bodies. A．ab B．bc C．ac 43．Which of the following can be put into ________ in Paragraph⑤? A．There are many advantages of yawning. B．Different countries see yawning differently. C．Yawning brings good luck to people. 44．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． 45．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Main reasons of yawning. B．Different ways of yawning. C．Interesting facts about yawning. Passage 5 （2025八年级下·广西南宁·期末）Half the size of Earth, Mars is known as the Red Planet. Mars is far away from Earth—about 225 million kilometers. Like Earth, it has 4 seasons. A day on Mars is a bit longer than one on Earth, lasting 24.6 hours. A year on Mars is longer, and it lasts 687 Earth days. It is colder on Mars, from -143℃ to -35℃. Earth only has one moon, but Mars has two. Let’s get more information about Mars by looking at the picture. Like Earth, Mars has ice caps at its poles (极) in winter. The north pole’s ice caps melt (融化) in summer. The northern part of Mars has a smooth surface (表面). Scientists believe that there was once an ocean (海洋) there. Mars has many volcanoes (火山). Olympus Mons is the largest one on Mars. It is also the largest in the solar system. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 46．How far is Mars from Earth? A．About 143 million kilometers. B．About 225 million kilometers. C．About 687 million kilometers. 47．How many hours are there in a day on Mars? A．24 hours. B．24.6 hours. C．26 hours. 48．What can we see at the poles of Mars in winter? A．Ice caps. B．An ocean. C．Olympus Mons. 49．What do Mars and Earth have in common (共同点)? A．They both have 4 seasons. B．They both have 365 days in a year. C．They both have two moons. 50．Where can we probably read the text in a newspaper? A．Sports World. B．School Life. C．Science Study. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $