题型二 短文填空-【中考复习指南】2026年湖北中考英语模拟冲刺卷

题型二短文填空 心考情提要 词性 具体考点 考查年份及题号 频次 名词原形 2025省卷T44、T45;2024省卷T39、T43 4 名词 名词变复数 2025省卷T42 1 动词原形 2025省卷T38;2024省卷T37 2 过去分词 2025省卷T37;2024省卷T36 2 动词 第三人称单数 2025省卷T40 过去式 2024省卷T40 1 形容词 形容词原形 2025省卷T36、T41;2024省卷T44、T45 4 副词 副词原形 2025省卷T43 代词 主格变形容词性物主代词 2024省卷T42 介词 方式介词 2025省卷T39 连词 从属连词 2024省卷T41 数词 序数词原形 2024省卷T38 世解题锦囊 “语法搭桥，词义过河 步骤1：速览备选词，标记词性(1分钟内) 才快速标注每个单词的核心词性（如u./n./adj./adu.等），特别关注一词多性的词（如water可作 名词“水”或动词“浇水”)。 在心里默念常见变形（如名词复数、动词过去式/分词、形容词比较级等），无需动笔逐一列举，避 免浪费时间。 目的：在脑海中建立“词库图”，方便后续匹配。 步骤2：逐句分析，语法与语义双线试填 先看空格所在句的句子结构，判断缺少什么成分（如主语常用名词，谓语需要动词，修饰名词用形 容词等)。 结合上下文语义和逻辑（并列、转折、因果等），从对应词性的备选词中筛选。 才若一时难以确定，先跳过，待后续句子提供更多线索后再回溯。 r 关键技巧--- 注意固定搭配（如look forward to doing): 注意主语和谓语的单复数一致性； 注意时态、语态线索（如时间状语、前后句动词时态）。 21 步骤3：复读全文，验证答案。 才将所有答案代入原文，完整流畅地朗读一遍。 对检查： √语法是否正确（时态、语态、词性）； √语义是否通顺、逻辑是否合理； √是否出现“一个词被重复使用却不符合题目要求”的情祝。 才谨慎修改：除非有充分理由，否则尽量尊重第一判断。 心答题示范 在下面的真题示范中，我们将具体运用“三步法”解题，并通过以下方式直观呈现思考路径： ①标注关键线索：在空格前后用“”标出提示词或固定搭配； ②分析句子结构：在“ ”处注明该空格应填的词性及成分； ③解读上下文逻辑：用箭头“↓”引出对语境或逻辑关系的分析，从而确定最终选项。 (2025湖北省卷) by camera clearly delicious find future great offer rush way Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door?Have you ever taken a self-driving taxi on the road?Technologies have brought 36 adj.changes to our life. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词修饰名词changes。根据上文提到的“fingerprint'”和“self driving taxi'”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指“科技给我们的生活带来的巨大变化”。故填great。 Actually,changes can also be37.u.谓语（中心词）in your school. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据下文所列举的科技在学校中的应用并结合备选词汇 可知，此处指“实际上，这些变化也可以在我们的学校中被发现”，find符合语境。“changes”与“find” 之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填found。 “Now,we don't have to38.u,(复合)谓语to the canteen(食堂)as soon as the bell rings,.”says Hu Liang,a student from Jiangxi. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词原形。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指“现在当铃声 响起的时候，我们不用冲进食堂”，rush符合语境，与to构成短语rush to。故填rush。 His school introduced a smart canteen system()this year.Students choose meals online first. When it's time for their orders,they pick up meals39._prep.(方式)状语using facial recognition(人 脸识别)technolog. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少介词。根据空后的“using facial recognition(人脸识别) technology”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表方式，by符合语境。故填by。 22 The smart canteen 40.v.students enjoyable experiences. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，offr符合语境，表示提供； 此处时态为一般现在时，根据空前的“The smart canteen”可知，此处谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故 填offers。 At the same time,it helps the school plan meals and reduce kitchen waste.Besides providing 41.adj.food,the smart school also tries to help students develop good living habits. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词修饰food。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指可口的 食物，delicious符合语境。故填delicious。 Recently,a middle school in Chongging has used four 42.n.on the playground to follow students and record how fast e 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据空后的“follow students and record how fast they run”并结合备选词汇可知，camera符合语境；根据空前的“four”可知，此处应用可数名词复数。故 填cameras。 They can 43.adv.see the top ten students on the screen. 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词修饰see。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，clearly符合语境。 故填clearly。 That adds fun to running and makes students compete in an interesting44.n.(介词)宾语_ 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示有趣的方式，wy 符合语境；根据空前的“an”可知，此处应用可数名词单数。故填way。 What other exciting technologies could be part of our life in the45.n.(介词)宾语_？Let's look forward to even more changes! 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示在未来，future符 合语境。故填future。. 【参考答案】 aiing'st fem'tt Alealo'Et selaweo'tt snoyo!lap'It siojJo'ot Aq'68 ysnI'88 punoJ'LE 18018.98 23 [强化训练] 山基础过关 PASSAGE 1 范畴：人与社会 主题：文化 体裁：说明文 难度：lll建议用时：7 评价： /10 children name same know they by much study decide because You look how you are named.Names can affect (how people look according to a by scientists in Israel.They asked people to match(使相配)2. to pictures of adult faces.They found that they guessed correctly more often than 3. chance.However,this was much barder with 4. photos. The scientists then wrote a computer program to compare people's faces with 5. names.As it turned out,adults with the 6. names look more similar than those with different names.However,the same thing cannot be said about children. This made the scientists think that we may grow into our names.This is a kind of "self- fulfilling prophecy(自证预言)”.In other words,without7. it we may have been changing our looks to match what other people expect from our names.Our names can also affect our life choices.The US research found that "Virginias"were 8. likely(很可能的)to live in Virginia Beach in Virginia,the US.Also,people named Dennis would become dentists more probably.This is 9. we like things that remind us of our names. However,this does not mean our lives are 10. by our names.As William Shakespeare said,"A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. PASSAGE 2 范畴：人与社会 主题：建筑 体裁：说明文 难度：l建议用时：7 评价： /10 ancient build symbol height add mix remember climb though classic The Yellow Crane Tower is a famous landmark in Wuhan,Hubei Province.Located on Snake Hill by the Yangtze River,it stands as one of China's "Three Great Towers"with a history of over 1,700 years.1. in 223 AD during the Three Kingdoms Period,it was originally used for military purposes,where soldiers watched for enemies from its 2. Legend 3. charm to its story.A Taoist priest once drew a dancing crane on a tavern wall,which came to life and brought the owner good fortune.To 4. this,the owner built the tower and named it after the crane.5. destroyed and rebuilt many times,the current tower,finished in 1985,is 51.4 meters tall with five floors,yellow tiles,and red pillars. 6. to the top offers a scenic(风景优美的)view of the Yangtze River and Wuhan's skyline.The river flows like a silver ribbon,while modern skyscrapers 7. with historic streets.Poets like Cui Hao wrote poems herehis Yellow Crane Tower is a(n)8. Today,the tower is a (n)9. of Wuhan's history and culture,attracting millions of tourists each year.It shows how 10. legend and modern life blend,making it a must-visit place to experience China's past and present. 24 PASSAGE 3 范畴：人与自我 主题：做人与做事 体裁：夹叙夹议文 难度：l心 建议用时：7 评价： /10 easy deep attend after pull but how both together grow Once upon a time,a retired()teacher and a technology-loving engineer lived as neighbors. planted the same plants in their gardens. The retired teacher watered his plants only a little and didn't pay full 2. to them,while the engineer gave his plenty of water and looked 3. them carefully.The teacher's plants looked simple but healthy,4. the engineer's were much fuller and greener. One night,a storm brought heavy rain and strong winds.The next morning,the engineer was shocked to find his plants 5. out of the ground and badly damaged.However,the teacher's plants stood firm,completely unharmed.The engineer wondered 6. this had happened. "I don't understand,"the engineer said."We planted the same plants 7. I took much better care of mine,yet mine are ruined while yours are fine. The teacher smiled."You gave your plants much more care and water,"he explained."But that meant they didn't need to 8. strong roots themselves.You made it too 9. for them.I gave just small amount of water,so their roots had to search 10. for more.This made them grow deep and strong,able to survive the storm." PASSAGE 4 范畴：人与社会 主题：人际交往 体裁：应用文 难度：叫建议用时：7 评价： /10 show peace friendly when activity quiet break I real shake Ask Tina Dear Sandy, Before last week,I would say, “Stay away from that kid!”However, A kid in my class used to be friendly,but he's been rude( I'm not so sure now. 鲁的)lately.Should I just stay away from him?一Sandy I was in a camp,and everyone was 1. except Eliza.She always stayed alone and refused to join in those group 2. Every time we talked to her,she would reply in an unfriendly way.Our teacher paired us in a long walk in the mountains. At first,I tried to make small talk but she 3. no interest. "I want you to leave me in 4. Can you just stop talking?"Eliza finally said. Then we had the 5. walk I'd ever experienced till we saw a bird lying on the ground."Poor little bird.He must get hurt liza said in a soft voice. As we got closer,Eliza asked,"Is he in p k my grandfather?"I was surprised to hear that. “He6. his leg just before I came to the camp and he is still in hospital.He hides his pain from others,so nobody truly understands how much pain he's experiencing."Her voice was 7..Before I could find words to say something,she continued,"I'm sorry. Whenever I get sad,I act rudely.I guess Ijust need some time by 8. "I get it,I said."I sometimes fail to deal with my bad feelings,too.I9. hope your grandfather will be healthier soon." "Thank you,she said,smiling.After that,Eliza would let us know 10. she needed space and we would let her be alone for a while So,dear Sandy,maybe the rude kid in your class doesn't know how he can go through a hard time.Why not give him a second chance? Wish you all the best. Sincerely, Tina 25 PASSAGE 5 范畴：人与社会 主题：历史、社会与文化 体裁：说明文 难度：叫 建议用时：7 评价： /10 China two kind from healthy deep save a other protect According to legend,Lin Mo was born in 960 on Meizhou Island,Fujian.She was clever, kind,and hard-working.She died at 28 after 1. fishermen from a shipwreck(沉船). Locals later built a temple(寺庙)on the island and started to worship(敬奉)her as a sea goddess (海神)to remember her2. This is the story of Mazu.She is such 3. important goddess in Chinese culture that many people celebrate her with stories and ceremonies. Experts believe the worship of Mazu also 4. connects with the disorder of the ancient times in which she lived.At first,honored as a goddess who 5. the lives and journeys of fishermen and sailors,Mazu's believers now also pray to her for peace and 6. Having been worshiped for over 1,000 years,Mazu now has about 200 to 300 million followers in more than 20 countries and areas.Overseas 7._ communities often regard Mazu belief and customs as a cultural bond (with their motherland. Mazu's believers commonly hold worship ceremonies 8. a yearone memorializing her birthday on the 23rd day of the third lunar month,and the 9. marking her death on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.These ceremonies are held in more than 5,000 Mazu temples worldwide. It is said that Mazu's believers,who live far away 10. Meizhou,treat their visits to Meizhou's temple as one of the most important events in their lives. 四能力进阶 PASSAGE 6 范畴：人与社会 主题：科学与技术 体裁：说明文 难度：l建议用时：8 评价： /10 live patient hand child build hold help like small With the development of science and technology,more and more robots have appeared and played an important role in people's daily ife Robots can go into dangerous places burning buildings.They search for people to rescue(救接).Some of these robots look like snakes.Others look like spiders(蜘蛛). Each robot has a light and a camera,2. it can send information to the rescuers. Scientists are now building much 3. flying robots,the size of a bee.These “RoboBees'”are4. to explore simall spaces where bigger robots can't go. In hospitals,robots help doctors do operations inside a 5. body.A doctor sits at a computer and shows the robot what to do.The robot 6. tiny tools and lights with its arms.The tools can reach places that a doctor's7. can't reach.Together,the robot and the doctor make an excellent team Have you ever thought about 8. with a robot?Scientists in Japan have built a robot that looks like a 9. in a spacesuit Scientists want the robot to be 10. to the elders or disabled people.Right now,the robot can understand some spoken instructions.It can walk,climb stairs,turn on the light,open doors,and carry things. 26 PASSAGE 7 范畴：人与社会 主题：文物 体裁：说明文 难度：l 建议用时：9 评价： /10 with copy include one large successful discover they a hang Inl978,in Suizhou,Hubei Province,a set of mysterious artifacts(历史文物)was found in the large tomb of Marquis of the Zeng State.It was the Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng. Bianzhong is 1._ large musical instrument in Ancient China.Made up of a set of bronze bells,the bells of different sizes are 2. on a frame(架子).Hit3. a wooden stick,they can produce different tones(). The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng with the most bells,is the best-kept Chinese set.It 4. 65 bells at three levels of a frame.The bianzhong weighs a total of nearly five tons.The 5. bell is about 15m in height and weighs 203 kg. The old Bianzhong has been played tree times since its 6._ Researchers later discovered that the performances had hammed the bells,so scientists have tried 7. best to copy it as a protective method.After some practice,they 8. mastered the craftsmanship(技艺)， Nowadays,the original bells are shown at the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan,which are included in a list of the 9. group of cultural relics that were not allowed to be exhibited overseas.Five 10. have been made for other museums,allowing people to enjoy the ancient music. PASSAGE 8 范畴：人与自我 主题：职业精神 体裁：记叙文 难度：ll 建议用时：8 评价： /10 keep begin win careful when grade enjoy big but her Do you want to have your job as your hobby?Katie does!She really 1. playing football.She plays for Arsenal FC,one of the world's 2. clubs.As you know,she is a professional player. Katie was eight years old when she 3. to play football."I realized I was really interested in football at the age of 13.I also learned golf then,4. I only wanted to play football,"Katie said. Katie plays as a center back and 5. main role is to stop the other team scoring. Recently,she has 6. many prizes in some games.She was asked if she was nervous in big games.She answered,"The football is like my friend.7. I compete in games,I am not nervous..” Away from the pitch(球场)，Katie continues her studies8. .“I am working on my schoolwork in a university now.I'm full-time with Arsenal FC and I hope to 9 a good balance between my study and work.Hopefully,I will get good 10. I want,and I can focus on my football.The next thing I plan to do is that I will compete against the top teams from around Europe,"she once told a reporter. 27 PASSAGE 9 范畴：人与社会 主题：音乐/中华文化 体裁：记叙文 难度：ll 建议用时：8 评价： 10 but tradition they create endanger main successful act project difficult Born in the 14th century,Naxi ancient music is one of the world's oldest music types.The Naxi ethnic group(纳西族)living in Yunnan I. it with their own instruments.But today,it is 2. and known to very few. Liu Yunong,a music-loving student from Tianjin,learned about it from one of her Naxi classmates.She felt a need to 3. With her classmates,she started a 4. to help more people know about Naxi music.The most 5. task was attracting(吸引) youth.Their method was to use comic strips(连环画). In the comics they created,the 6. character is a girl named Su Xiaodu.After a boy visited a Naxi cultural museum,Su came into his life,starting their story.This way 7. attracted 300 people to attend an online event where they introduced Naxi music. They had planned to invite a master,8. it was a pity that he had passed away-a loss that showed everyone the need to act quickly to protect such 9. After the event, some young people recorded 10. playing Naxi music,which made the team feel their effort was truly meaningful. PASSAGE 10 范畴：人与社会 主题：历史、社会与文化 体裁：说明文难度：l建议用时：8 评价： 10 include find they to mix though large gradual together total China's Xixia Imperial Tombs()have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List, which made China have 60 World Heritage sites in 1. Known as the“Oriental Pyramids(东方金字塔)”，the tombs lie at the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia.Built by the Tangut po they are the 2. _and best-preserved ancient royal tombs with above-ground remainsin China.Over 7,100 building parts and cultural relics have been unearthed here.3. size is similar to that of the Ming Tombs in Beijing. The tombs show a 4. of cultures.Their layout follows the Tang and Song styles, yet also 5. Tangut traditionsa 188-kilogram gold-covered bronze cow was 6. in a small tomb,showing the Tanguts'good skills in making bronze things.It also tells us that they changed from moving around 7 farming. The Tangut script(西夏文)was also discovered there.8. similar to Chinese characters,it is different,with about 6000 characters.It was used for over 200 years to record political and cultural matters but 9. disappeared after the dynasty ended.Today,it is a key carrier for studying Tangut history. The Xixia Tombs served as a bridge on the Silk Road,showing how different ethnic groups lived 10. in China.As a UNESCO director said,they help the world see China's rich cultures. -28 四提优冲刺 PASSAGE 11 范畴：人与自我 主题：人生态度 体裁：应用文 难度：ll 建议用时：9 评价： /10 make about seem interest you free and life exact much Dear Mr.Clark, I'm a freshman.You recently said nowadays young people were lazy 1. did not know how to enjoy life.In my view,these words are not 2. right. To begin with,I would like to point out that not all young people are addicted to()their phones.Many communicate and share a common 3. online.We like doing that,but most of us do not spend all our 4. time there.For example,my friends and I regularly meet and spend time doing and talking 5. the things we enjoy. Next,to my mind,most young people are not lazy.For example,like many of my friends,I am studying for my final exams.Besides,among all my hobbies,I like climbing 6. .I often go climbing at the weekend.Put another way,we are too busy to be lazy. Lastly,it 7. to me that most young people do enjoy life.Many of us have social which include a range of sports and interests.Moreover,plenty of these activities include spending time with friends and 9. the most of our beautiful country. In a word,I don't agree with 10. words.If you have any other ideas,please let me know.I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Oliver Gleeson PASSAGE 12 范畴：人与社会 主题：建筑 体裁：说明文 难度：山 建议用时：9 评价： /10 luck stand guest usual decorate because tradition with it while In Enshi,you'll come across special wooden houses called Diaojiaolou,the homes of the Tujia people.These unique buildings are built on hillsides and supported by wooden making them appear to"hang"in the air.They usually have two floors the lower one for storing tools and keeping animals,2. the upper one serves as the living area for people. The living room,located in the center the upper floor,is very large and used for dinner and meeting 3. There are bedrooms on both sides of 4. The kitchen and bathroom are 5. at the back.One of the most beautiful features is the carved windows,which are often 6. with patterns of animals and plants.The tile()roofs curve gently like swallow wings,fitting in well 7. the green mountains around. Craftsmen make use of local wood and build without nails().Before getting started,they hold small ceremonies for good 8. When the frame(框架)is set up,neighbors gather together to celebrate,creating a warm feeling.They sing traditional songs and share meals. For the Tujia people,Diaojiaolou 9. for their wisdom and love for nature.However, many young people today prefer modern houses.The government is trying hard to protect these buildings 10. they represent the wonderful culture of the Tujia nationality. 29 PASSAGE 13 范畴：人与社会 主题：文化自信 体裁：说明文 难度： 建议用时：8 评价： /10 it how age design traditional old pass share usual Recently,a very popular TV series has drawn people's attention to Shu brocade().Shu brocade is an important cultural heritage(文化遗产)and a famous 1. skill in China. Shu brocade comes from Chengdu and 2. surrounding(周围的)areas.It has a history of more than two thousand years and is the 3. among the four famous brocades in China. Shu brocade is popular with peopleofa 4 in China.A lot of people would like to use it to make clothes,shoes and ma other things.They often 5. new styles of those things on the Internet. Shu brocade is made of colorful silk 6 it feels smooth and soft.It mainly uses three colors:red,brown and black.The process of making Shu brocade is very complicated( 的).From7. to weaving(编织)，there are more than 100 steps.It8. takes several years for seven or eight people to finish it In the past,it was said to be worth as much as gold. This beautiful cultural heritage should be down forever.Today,fewer people know 10. to make Shu brocade.Senior craftsmen hope young people will learn and protect this skill. PASSAGE 14 范畴：人与社会 主题：社会、历史与文化 体裁：说明文 难度：建议用时：10 评价 /10 because you way invent food appear truly how early feed Do you like eating noodles?Do you know the history of them? The 1. noodles ever found in China date back to about four thousand years ago.The first written record of noodles 2. in the literature(文学作品)of the Eastern Han Dynasty..Itis said that Marco Polo(马可·波罗)learned3. to cook noodles before returning to Italy. Since ancient times,noodles have not only 4. the Chinese but also brought people plenty of fun.Noodles can be made in many different 5. For example,you can cut them with a knife,or shape them with 6. hands. There is an interesting story behind every kind of noodles.Qishan sauced noodles are said to be 7 to celebrate the victory of killing the bad dragon in the Zhou Dynasty.Dandan noodles,a traditional Sichuan dish,were so named 8. they were sold by the seller on a shoulder pole(扁担).They 9. taste hot and delicious. Over time,noodles have become part of Chinese culture.Just as making dumplings is used to mark festivals or family's leaving,noodles are a must-eat 10. on birthdays. Next time you eat Chinese noodles,remember you are not just having a bowl of food,but also Chinese culture in the bowl！Just enjoy it！ 30 PASSAGE 15 范畴：人与社会 主题：科学与技术 体裁：新媒体语篇 难度：l山 建议用时：10评价： /10 use easy we importance city call anywhere if depend change https://cn.scholasticworld.com A八a方名 Q:What do you think are the most important inventions of all time? *关米关关米关米米米米米关关*关米**米*关×米关米米关米米米关*关米 Alice Walker In my opinion,the most important invention of all time is the wheel. Without the wheel,people could not travel 1. very conveniently(方 便地)or quickly..We2. on the wheel for all our transport(交通)，such as cars,trains and planes (because planes need wheels to take off).It's difficult to travel long distances without wheels ou would have to walk,or ride on a horse!So we are more likely to give up the idea of visiting oe3 and countries.This means that we couldn't find out about other places and that world would be very small. We need the wheel so people can work 5. and efficiently(高效地).This is not only because we need wheels to travel,but also because we need wheels to carry things.Of course,people can carry things in other ways,for example,by themselves or 6. animals.But this isn't very fast or efficient,especially 7. the things are heavy. Wheels are also a very 8. part of machines in factories and on farms because they make the machines work.These kinds of wheels are 9. “cogs(齿轮)”. There are lots of very important inventions that have 10. the world,but I think that the wheel is the most important for these reasons. PASSAGE 16 范畴：人与自然 主题：环境保护 体裁：说明文 难度：l心 建议用时：10 评价： /10 a tradition choose but prevent make problem easy low with Recently,Czech researchers have made a house mainly from mycelia ()Named Samorost,the creative house shows the possibility of mycelia to take the place of 1. materials like polystyrene().With a focus on the environment,Samorost offers a different eco-friendly 2. that could change how we build homes. Built using 1,800 kilograms of mycelia,the project is 3.5 meters tall and 7 meters long.The house is designed not only as a useful building 3. also as an eye-catching show of how mycelia can be used in modern green buildings.Those mycelia used in the Samorost are 4. from the root system of the reishi mushroom.Mycelia,when combined with natural materials like wood,become 5. lightweight yet strong building material. Unlike polystyrene,mycelia break down naturally and produce much 6. CO gas emissions (during this process.Additionally,as the material won't catch fire 7. and can be shaped in different ways,mycelia can also be used for furniture,boards,and supporting walls. However,while mycelia show promise,using them widely in big building projects may take time and we need to be careful.For example,when it comes to external wall insulation()in tall buildings,mycelia might not work well to 8. heat loss.If these walls get wet,it may cause 9. and the material might not work as it should. Still,10. more EU support for green projects,building with mycelia could become common in the coming years. 317.B解析根据下文可知，这一信息促使Cash采取 行动。take part参加；take action采取行动；take care小心；take control控制，故选B项。 8.B解析根据上下文及语境可知，此处表示“他将 清理公共区域和水路的垃圾视为他的职责所在。” 9.B解析根据下文可知，此处表示Cash和父母在 田纳西河附近捡垃圾。look up查找（信息）；pick up捡起；bring up抚养；put up建造，故选B项。 l0.D解析根据上下文可知，Cash回收金属罐赚得 的钱都被用于支持(support)河流保护工作。 change改变；guide引导；separate分离。 I1.C解析清洁水路是为了保护(protect)动物。 12.D解析此处表示“人们可以把这些钓鱼线扔进 (throw away)这些容器而不是水里，避免钓鱼线 缠住野生动物”。turn over翻转；make up组成； look through浏览。 I3.A解析根据下文提到的Kids和children可知，此 处表示“Cash喜欢让其他儿童(kid)参与这些活动”。 14.A解析根据上下文可知，此处表示该组织鼓励 (encourage))儿童回收垃圾。 15.B解析根据下文“but they are 100%of the future'” 可推知，儿童可能只占人口总数的一小部分，故 选B项。 PASSAGE 16 【文意解读】一群学生对火星很感兴趣，因此他们启 动了一个利用人工智能研究火星矿物图片的项目。 本文介绍了他们在项目中遇到的挑战以及如何克服 困难并取得成功的经历。 l.B解析根据下文“junior year'”“his school?”和“It encourages students'”可知，此处指一群学生对火 星非常感兴趣，故选B项。 2.A解析根据下文可知，此处表示他想出一个计 划。come up with想出；提出；keep away from远 离；look forward to盼望；期待；make up for弥补， 故选A项。 3.B解析根据空后的“failed many times'”可知，他 们过去面临(face)很多挑战。enjoy享受；imagine 想象；solve解决。 4.A解析根据上文“failed many times”和But可 知，他们最终(finally)成功了。probably很可能， 大概；nearly几乎；exactly确切地. 5.D解析根据下文可知，此处表示“他在计算机技 术课程中获得(gt)了C十十语言的基础知识”。 share分享；spread传播；test测验。 6.A解析根据下文“In the Maker Space,he learned alot”可知，此处表示他加入(join)了学校的创客空 间。support支持；mention提及；introduce介绍。 7.B解析根据下文“he learned a lot and developed a tool'”可知，创客空间鼓励学生利用现代技术创 造(create)新事物。leam学习；accept接受；follow 跟随。 8.D解析根据下文可知，Wang还通过其他途径学 习必要的(necessary)知识。secret秘密的；social 社交的；personal个人的。 9.C解析上下文构成递进关系，als0符合文意。 10.C解析根据下文可知，此处表示“要成功完成 这个项目，良好的团队(team)合作非常重要。” company公司；family家庭；force部队。 ll.A解析根据空前“had a hard time planning their meetings'”可知，他们有不同的(different)课 程表和学习计划。general一般的；proper恰当 的；simple简单的。 l2.B解析根据上文可知，Wang和他的两个搭档 对探索火星感兴趣，并利用业余时间研发能够研 究火星矿物图片的人工智能系统。由此可推知，此 处表示“要兼顾自己的学业和个人兴趣(interest)是 很困难的”。experience经历；opinion观，点； relationship关系。 l3.B解析空前“was not easy'”和空后“it was a chance'”构成转折，故选B项。 l4.C解析根据空前“help students become active'” 可知，此处表示“这是一个帮助学生变得积极主 动、乐于解决问题而不是被动学习者(learner)的 机会”。 l5.B解析根据空后“but now I get my own ideas'” 可知，此处表示“一开始，我借鉴(borrow)别人的 想法”。avoid避免；forget忘记；miss错过。 题型二短文填空 强化训练 基础过关 PASSAGE 1 【文意解读】研究发现，人的名字不仅能影响人的外 貌，还能影响人的人生选择。 l.study解析考查名词。根据空后的“by scientists”和 下文内容可知，此处表示“一项研究”，故填study (研究)。 2.names解析考查名词。根据下文内容可知，科学 家们要求人们将名字和成人面部的照片进行匹 配。name(名字)为可数名词，空前无冠词等修饰， 应填其复数形式names。 3.by解析考查介词。根据上下文可知，科学家们 发现人们猜对的次数要比偶然猜对的次数多。by chance意为“偶然”，为固定搭配 4.children's解析考查名词所有格。根据上文中的 “pictures of adult faces”和下文中的“the same thing cannot be said about children'”可知，此处表 示“然而，对于儿童照片来说，这要困难得多”。空 处修饰名词photos,表示“儿童的”，应填children 的所有格形式children's。 5.heir解析考查代词。根据上下文可知，然后，科 学家们编写了一个计算机程序，用来比较人们的 面孔和他们的名字。空处指代“people's”,修饰名 词names,.故填hey的形容词性物主代词heir。 6.same解析考查形容词。根据空后的“those with different names'”可知，此处表示“名字相同的成年 人”，故填same(相同的)。 7.knowing解析考查动名词。根据文意可知，在不 知不觉中，我们可能一直在改变我们的外表，以符 合他人对我们名字的期望。空处位于介词后且后 接宾语it,应用动词-ing形式，故填knowing。. 8.more解析考查比较级。根据下文中的“Also, people named…dentists more probably”可知，美 国研究发现，名字叫“Virginia'”的人更有可能居住在 美国弗吉尼亚州的弗吉尼亚海滩。此处表示“更有 可能”，故填more。 9.because解析考查连词。根据前两句的内容可 知，上下文构成因果，且下文是上文的原因，故填 because。 l0.decided解析考查动词的语态。根据下一句可 知，此处表示“这并不意味着我们的生活取决于 我们的名字”。decide意为“决定”，根据空前的 “are”和空后的“by”可知，此处应填decide的过 去分词形式decided。 PASSAGE 2 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了黄鹤楼的历史、传说、 建筑特点及文化意义，展现其作为武汉历史与文化 象征的独特魅力。 1.Bult解析考查被动语态。此处为过去分词作状 语，“Built in223AD”表示“建于公元223年”，与 主语“t(黄鹤楼)”是被动关系，说明建筑时间。 2.height解析考查名词。“from its height”指“从 它（黄鹤楼）的高处”，士兵在楼的高处瞭望敌人， height符合语境。 3.adds解析考查动词。add…to…意为“给…增 添…”，为固定搭配。主语Legend是单数，时态 用一般现在时，故谓语用adds。 4.remember解析考查动词。“To remember this'” 指“为了铭记这件事（道土画鹤的传说）”，remember 符合语境。 5.Though解析考查连词。上下文表让步关系，应 用though。“Though destroyed and rebuilt many times”是让步状语从句的省略形式，意为“尽管（黄 鹤楼)多次被毁坏和重建”。 6.Climbing解析考查动名词。“Climbing to the top”是动名词短语作主语，指“爬到（黄鹤楼）顶部 (的行为)”，符合“爬到顶部能看到风景”的语境。 7.mix解析考查动词。mix wit山h意为“与…交 融；混合”，为固定搭配。“modern skyscrapers mix with historic streets”即“现代摩天大楼与历史街 道相互交融”。 8.classic解析考查名词。classic指“经典作品”，崔 颢的《黄鹤楼》是经典诗作，classic符合语境。 9.symbol解析考查名词。a symbol of…意为“.… 的象征”，为固定搭配。“a symbol of Wuhan's history and culture'”即“武汉历史与文化的象征”。 l0.ancient解析考查形容词。“ancient legend”指 “古老传说”，与“modern life”对应，说明黄鹤楼展 现古老传说和现代生活是怎样融合的，ancient符 合语境。 PASSAGE 3 【文意解读】本文通过讲述两位邻居种植物的故事 来告诉我们，教育孩子也要和种植物一样，要正确地 引导他们，而不是一味地给予。 I.Both解析文中是a retired teacher和an engineer两 个人，结合下文可知，他们俩都种了同一种植物， 此处应用Both。 2.attention解析pay attention to意为“注意”，为固 定搭配。 3.after解析look after意为“照顾”，为固定搭配。 4.but解析根据上文可知，此处“退休教师的植物 简单但很健康”与“工程师的植物更加茂盛，更加 翠绿”构成转折关系，应用but。 5.pulled解析pull out of the ground意为“从地里 拔出来”，为固定搭配，且与his plants之间存在逻辑 上的动宾关系，应用pull的过去分词形式pulled。. 6.how解析空处引导宾语从句，表示“工程师想知 道这一切是如何发生的”，应用how。 7.together解析根据上文可知，此处表示“我们一 起种植了同样的植物”，together符合文意。 8.gr0w解析根据上文“你给了你的植物更多的关 注和水”可知，此处表示“你的植物不需要生长出 强壮的根须（来寻找水）”。grow符合语境。 9.asy解析根据上文“你的植物不需要生长出强 壮的根须（来寻找水）”可知，此处表示“它们生活 得很容易”，easy符合语境。 10.deeper 解析根据语境可知，退休教师给植物浇 水相对较少，植物的根系只好扎得更深去吸收水 分，此处应用deep的比较级形式deeper。 PASSAGE 4 【文意解读】Sandy不知道是否要远离班上一个最 近变得粗鲁的同学，向Tina寻求建议。Tina讲述了 自己和Eliza之间的故事，通过这个故事，Tina建议 Sandy给那位同学一次机会。 l1.friendly解析根据上下文及语境可知，此处表示 “除了Eliza,其他人都很友好”。friendly符合语境。 2.activities解析分析句子结构可知，空处需填名 词。根据空前的those可知，此处应用activity的 复数形式activities。 3.showed解析分析句子结构可知，空处需填动词： show no interest意为“不感兴趣”，为固定搭配。 此处为一般过去时，应用show的过去式showed。 4.peace解析根据下文“Can you just stop talking?”可 知，此处表示Eliza想安静不被打扰。peace在此 意为“清净；安静”，为不可数名词，故填peace。 5.quietest解析根据上下文及空前的the可知，此 处表示“最安静的步行”，应用quiet的最高级quietest。. 6.broke解析根据“he is still in hospital'”可知，此 处表示“他摔断了腿”。根据空后“before I came to the camp”可知，此处为一般过去时，应用break的 过去式broke。 7.shaking解析根据语境可知，此处表示Eliza的 声音在颤抖，应用过去进行时。shake的现在分词 形式为shaking。 8.myself解析根据文意可知，此处Eliza表示需要 一些属于自己的时间。by oneself意为“独自；单 独”，此处主语为I,故填myself。. 9.really解析此处表示“我真的希望”，空处作状语 修饰动词hope,应用副词，故填really。 10.when解析根据文意可知，此处表示“在那之 后，Eiza会让我们知道她什么时候需要空间”， 故填when。 PASSAGE 5 【文意解读】妈祖，俗称“海神娘娘”，是传说中掌管 海上航运的女神。妈祖是闽南文化的灵魂。许多海 外华人社区的妈祖信徒往往将妈祖信仰和习俗视为 与祖国的一种文化纽带。 1.saving解析分析句子结构可知，此处需填动词， save符合文意；空处作介词after的宾语，应用动 名词形式，故填saving。 2.kindness解析分析句子结构可知，此处需填名 词；根据上文可知，此处表示“当地人后来在岸上 建了座庙，开始敬奉她为海神来铭记她的善行”， 故填kind的名词形式kindness。 3.an解析此处goddess为可数名词，前应用冠词 修饰，且important的发音以元音音素开头，故 填an。 4.deeply解析空处作状语修饰动词connects,应填 副词；此处表示“专家们认为，（人们对于）妈祖信 仰的兴起也与她所处的动荡历史背景密切相关”， 故填deep的副词形式deeply。 5.protects解析分析句子结构可知，此处需填动 词，protect符合文意；此处为一般现在时，主语为 a goddess,故填protects。 6.health解析根据peace and可知，此处需填名词； 根据语境可知，此处表示“妈祖的信徒现在也向她祈 求平安与健康”，故填healthy的名词形式health。 7.Chinese解析分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容 词；根据上文及语境可知，此处表示“许多海外华人社 区的妈祖信徒往往将妈祖信仰和习俗视为与祖国的 一种文化纽带”，故填China的形容词形式Chinese。 8.twice解析根据下文可知，此处表示“妈祖信徒 一般举行妈祖祭典活动一年两次”，故填twice。. 9.other解析one…and the other..…意为“一个…，而 另一个…”，故填other。 l0.from解析far away from意为“远离.”，为 固定搭配。 能力进阶 PASSAGE 6 【文意解读】本文介绍了机器人在人们日常生活中 的应用。 1.ke解析考查介词。此处表示“机器人可以进入 危险的地方，比如燃烧的建筑物”。ke在此处为 介词，意为“例如”，故填like。 2.$0解析考查连词。空前是一个完整的句子，空 后也是一个完整的句子，因此空处需要一个连词。 根据备选项可知应填s0。 3.smaller解析考查形容词的比较级。空后是名词 短语，故空处考虑填形容词。再结合空前的much 以及下文中的“where bigger robots can'tgo”可 知，空处应填small的比较级smaller。 4.built解析考查动词。此处表示“这些‘机器蜜 蜂’被制造出来用于探索大型机器人无法进入的 狭小空间”。根据语境和备选项可先锁定build, RoboBees和build之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系， 应用被动语态，故填build的过去分词形式built。 5.patient's解析考查名词所有格。此处表示“在医 院里，机器人帮助医生在病人体内进行手术”。空 前是冠词a,空后是名词body,可考虑填名词所有 格。patient作名词时，意为“病人”，a patient's body意为“一个病人的身体”，故填patient's。 6.holds解析考查动词。此处表示“机器人用它的 手臂握住微型工具和灯具”。分析句子结构可知， 本句缺少谓语，空处应填动词；此处为一般现在 时，主语为The robot,空处应用第三人称单数形 式。结合备选词可知，空处应填holds。 7.hands解析考查名词。此处表示“这些工具能够 到达医生的手无法到达的地方”。空前为名词所 有格，空处应填名词。根据备选项和常识可知，此 处应填hand的复数形式hands。 8.living解析考查动词。此处表示“你有没有想过 和机器人一起生活？”。空处作介词about的宾语， 而空后的h还是介词，故空处考虑填不及物动词 的动名词形式。根据备选项可知，此处应填living。 9.child解析考查名词。此处表示“日本的科学家 们已经制造出了一款看起来像一个穿着宇航服的 孩子的机器人”。空前是不定冠词a,空处应填可 数名词单数。根据备选项可知应填child。. l0.helpful解析考查形容词。此处表示“科学家们 希望这个机器人能够对老年人或残疾人有所帮 助”。空前是be,空后是tosb.,空处应填形容 词，结合备选项可知，此处应填help的形容词 helpful。be helpful to sb.意为“对某人有用”。 PASSAGE 7 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了1978年在中国湖北省 随州市发现的曾侯乙编钟的相关信息。 1.a解析此处表示“编钟是古代中国的一种大型乐 器”。此处泛指“一种大型乐器”，需要不定冠词； large的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2.hng解析分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词；此 处表示“它由一组青铜钟组成，不同大小的钟被挂 在架子上”。主语the bells和动词hang之间存在 逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填hang的 过去分词形式hung。 3.with解析根据a wooden stick可知，此处表示 “用木棍敲”。介词with“用”符合文意。 4.includes解析分析句子结构可知，此处应填动 词；此处表示“它包括65个钟，分布在三层架子 上”。此处为一般现在时，主语为t,谓语应用第 三人称单数形式，故填includes。 5.largest解析根据上文及语境可知，此处表示“最 大的钟高1.5米，重203千克”。此处指“最大的 钟”，故填large的最高级形式largest。 6.discovery解析根据its可知，此处需填名词；此 处表示“这套古老的编钟自从被发现后被演奏了 三次。”，结合备选项可知，此处应填discover的名 词形式discovery。 7.their解析try one's best意为“尽某人最大努 力”，为固定搭配，结合备选项可知，此处应填they 的形容词性物主代词形式their。 8.successfully解析空处作状语修饰动词mastered,. 应用副词形式；根据上文可知，此处表示“经过多 次练习，他们成功地掌握了这项技艺”，结合备选项可 知，此处应填successful的副词形式successfully。 9.first解析空处修饰名词group,应填形容词形 式；此处表示“第一组文化遗产列表”，结合备选项 可知，此处应用one的形容词形式first。 l0.copies解析根据空前的Five可知，此处应填名 词复数形式，结合备选项可知，此处应填copies。. PASSAGE 8 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了英国女足运动员Katie 积极参加训练和比赛并兼顾学业的故事。 1.enjoys解析考查主谓一致。根据上文可知，此处 表示“她真的喜欢踢足球”。结合备选项可知， enjoy符合文意；此处为一般现在时，主语为she, 故填enjoys。 2.biggest解析考查比较等级。“one of the十形容 词比较级十名词复数”意为“最…之一”，为固定 搭配，空处需填形容词最高级；此处表示“Arsenal FC是世界上最大的俱乐部之一”，故填biggest。 3.began解析考查时态。根据下文“I realized I… the age of 13”可知，此处表示“Katie在八岁的时 候开始踢足球”，结合备选项可知，begin符合文 意；根据eight years old可知，此处应用一般过去 时，故填began。 4.bt解析考查并列连词。此处需填连词；上文“I also learned golf then'”与“I only wanted to play football'”构成转折关系，故填but。 2 5.her解析考查代词。此处表示“Katie担任中后 卫，她的主要职责是防止对方进球得分”。空处指 代Katie's,结合备选词可知，此处应填her。 6.wom解析考查时态。根据“Recently,she has” 可知，空处应填动词的过去分词形式；此处表示 “最近她在一些比赛中获得了许多奖”，结合备选 项可知，win符合文意，故填win的过去分词形 式won。 7.When解析考查从属连词。根据上文可知，此处 表示“在我比赛的时候，我不紧张”，结合备选项可 知，此处应填When。 8.carefully解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词 continues,应用副词形式；此处表示“除了在球场 上踢球，Katie还继续认真学习”。结合备选项可 知，此处应填careful的副词形式carefully。 9.keep解析考查动词。根据空前的“hope to”可 知，空处应填动词原形；根据语境可知，此处表示 “我希望可以在学习和工作之间保持一个良好的 平衡”，结合备选项可知，此处应填keep。 10.grades解析考查名词。此处表示“我会得到自 己想要的好成绩”，grade符合文意。grade为可 数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填grades。 PASSAGE 9 【文意解读】本文主要讲述了来自天津中学的一群 学生为了传播纳西古乐所做出的贡献。 l.created解析考查时态。此处表示“生活在云南 的纳西族用他们自己的乐器创造了它”，结合备选 项可知，create符合文意；根据上文可知，“纳西古乐 被创造”发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填created。 2.endangered解析考查形容词。根据上文及But 和“known to very few''可知，空处需填形容词，且此处 表示“纳西古乐处于濒危的状态”，备选词endanger 符合文意，故填endanger的形容词形式endangered。 3.act解析考查动词。根据空前的“a need to”可 知，空处需填动词原形；根据下文可知，此处表示 “她觉得有行动起来的必要”，结合备选项可知，此 处应填act。 4.project解析考查名词。根据下文可知，此处表 示“她和她的同学们创建了一个项目，帮助更多人 了解纳西古乐”。结合备选项以及空前的a可知， 此处应填project。 5.difficult解析考查形容词。根据下文及语境可 知，此处表示“最困难的任务”，结合备选项可知， 此处应填difficult。 6.main解析考查形容词。根据下文及语境可知， 此处表示“主要的角色是个叫Su的女孩”，结合备 选项可知，此处应填main。 7.successfully解析考查副词。空处作状语引导动 词attracted,应用副词形式；根据下文及语境可 知，此处表示“这个方法成功地吸引了300人”，结 合备选项可知，此处应填successful的副词形式 successfully。 8.but解析考查连词。上文“他们本来打算邀请一 位大师”与下文“很遗憾，大师去世了”构成转折关 系，故填but。 9.traditions解析考查名词。根据上文及语境可 知，此处表示“大师的逝去使每个人感觉到快速行 动起来保护这些传统文化的重要性”。结合备选 项和语境可知，此处应用tradition的复数形式 traditions。 I0.themselves解析考查代词。根据上下文可知， 此处表示“活动结束后，一些年轻人录制了自己 的纳西族音乐表演视频”，空处指代年轻人，表示 “年轻人自己”，故填themselves。 PASSAGE 10 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了中国西夏皇陵被列入 联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，并介绍了西夏皇 陵的文化意义。 1.otal解析考查名词。此处表示“使中国总共有 60处世界文化遗址”，in total意为“总共；一共”， 为固定搭配。 2.largest解析考查比较等级。根据空前的the和 空后的“and best-preserved”可知，此处应填形容 词最高级；根据上下文及语境可知，此处表示“它 们是中国现存规模最大、地面遗迹保存最为完整 的古代皇家陵墓群”，结合备选项可知，此处应填 large的最高级形式largest。 3.Their解析考查代词。此处表示“西夏皇陵的大 小和在北京的明朝皇陵相似”，且空处指代“西夏 皇陵的”，结合备选项可知，空处应填they的形容 词性物主代词形式Their。 4.mix解析考查名词。根据下文可知，此处表示 “这些陵墓群展现了多元的文化特色。”a mix of意 为“…的混合”，为固定搭配。 5.includes解析考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可 知，als0后缺谓语，空处应填动词：根据下文可知， 此处表示“其布局沿袭了唐宋陵墓的风格，但同时 也融入了西夏的传统元素”，include符合文意。此处 为一般现在时，主语为“their layout'”,故填includes。 6.fod解析考查被动语态。此处表示“在一座小 型陵墓里发现了一件188千克、通体鎏金的青铜 牛形礼器”，find符合文意，且“bronze cow'”与find 之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填 find的过去分词形式found。 7.to解析考查介词。from...to.…意为“从…到…”， 为固定搭配。 8.Though解析考查连词。上文“和汉字相似”与下 文“它是不同的，带有六千个字符”构成让步关系， 结合备选项可知，此处应填Though。 9.gradually解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词 disappeared,应用副词形式；此处表示“西夏文字 在200多年间被广泛用于记录政治和文化事务， 但随着朝代的终结，这种文字就逐渐失传了”，故 填gradual的词形式gradually。 l0.together解析考查副词。此处表示“西夏皇陵 作为丝绸之路上的一座文化桥梁，展现了不同民 族在中国是如何生活在一起的”，结合备选项可 知，此处应填together。. PASSAGE 11 【文意解读】本文是Oliver Gleeson写给M.Clark的 一封信。M.Clark近期曾说现代年轻人懒惰、不懂享 受生活，Oliver Gleeson对此发表了不同的看法。 1.and解析考查连词。根据空前的“were lazy”和 空后的“did not know how to enjoy life'”可知，空处 应用并列连词，故填and。 2.exactly解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰形容词 right,可考虑用副词；结合下文内容和备选词可 知，此处表示“在我看来，这些话并不完全正确”， 故填exact的副词形式exactly。 3.interest解析考查名词。根据空前的“share a common”可知，此处应填单数可数名词；结合文意 和备选词可知，此处表示“在网上分享共同的兴 趣”，故填interest。 4.free解析考查形容词。此处表示“但是我们大多 数人不会把所有的空闲时间都花在那里”，故填free。 5.about解析考查介词。talk about sth.意为“谈论 某事”，为固定搭配。 6.most解析考查比较等级。根据空前的“among all my hobbies'”可知，此处表示“我最喜欢登山运 动”。修饰动词ike应用副词，再结合备选词可 知，此处应用much的最高级形式most。 7.seems解析考查动词。根据下文内容可知，此处 表示“在我看来，大多数年轻人确实很享受生活” it seems to sb..that…意为“在某人看来…”，为 固定用法，故填seems。 8.lives解析考查名词。根据空后的“which include a range of sports and interests”可知，此处表示“我 们许多人都有社交生活”；再根据include可知，此 处应用life的复数形式lives。. 9.making解析考查动词。make the most of..意为 “充分利用…”，为固定搭配；再根据空前的and 可知，“spending time with friends'”和“9_the most of our beautiful country”是并列关系，故此 处应填make的动名词形式making。 10.your解析考查代词。根据文意可知，此处表示 “我不同意你的话”，故填y0u的形容词性物主代 词形式your。 PASSAGE 12 【文意解读】本文介绍了湖北恩施的吊脚楼。 l.traditional解析考查形容词。空处作定语修饰 名词homes,应用形容词形式；此处表示“在恩施， 你会看到许多特别的木房子，它们叫作吊脚楼，是 土家族人传统的住所”，故填traditional。. 2.while解析考查连词。空处连接两个完整的句 子，应用连词形式；上文“下面一层用来存放工具 和饲养动物”与下文“上面一层用作人们生活居住 的地方”形成对比，故填while。 3.guests解析考查名词。空处作meeting的宾语， 应用名词形式；此处表示“客厅，位于上面一层的 中间部分，非常大，用于吃饭和接待客人”。guest 为可数名词，此处应填guest的复数形式guests。 4.t解析考查代词。此处表示“客厅的两边都有 卧室”。空处指代the living room,结合备选项可 知，此处应填it。 5.sually解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰整个句 子，应用副词；此处表示“厨房和厕所通常在背 后”，结合备选项可知，此处应填usual的副词形式 usually。 6.decorated解析考查动词。此处表示“最美丽的 特征之一是那些装饰有动物和植物图案的雕花窗 户”，decorate符合文意；be decorated with意为 “由…装饰着”，故填decorated。 7.with解析考查介词。fit in well with意为“与… 融为一体”，为固定搭配。 8.luck解析考查名词。根据空前的good可知，空 处应填名词：此处表示“在开工之前，他们举行小 型仪式以求好运”，故填luck。 9.stands解析考查动词。此处表示“对于土家族人 来说，吊脚楼代表着他们的智慧和对自然的热 爱”。stand for意为“代表”，为固定搭配。 l0.because解析考查连词。上文“正努力保护这些 建筑”与下文“它们展现了土家族民族独特的灿 烂文化”构成因果关系，且下文为因，故填because。 PASSAGE 13 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了中国重要的文化遗 产—蜀锦。 l.traditional解析考查形容词。空处作定语修饰 名词skill,应用形容词形式；根据上下文和语境可 知，此处表示“蜀锦是中国一项重要的文化遗产， 也是中国著名的传统技艺”。结合备选项可知，此 处应填traditional。. 2.ts解析考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指代 Chengdu's,表示“成都的周边地区”，结合备选项 可知，t符合文意。空处作定语修饰名词短语 surrounding areas,应用形容词性物主代词形式， 故填its。 3.oldest解析考查比较等级。根据空前的the和 空后的among the four famous brocades in China 可知，空处需用形容词最高级形式；根据hasa history of.…years可知，此处表示“四大名锦中最 古老”，old符合文意，故填oldest。 4.ages解析考查名词。根据语境结合备选项可 知，此处表示“蜀锦在中国各年龄段的人群中都很 受欢迎”，此处age(年龄)为可数名词，all后接可 数名词复数形式，故填ages。 5.share 解析考查动词。空处需填动词作谓语。 时态为一般现在时，主语为they,空处应用动词原 形；结合备选项可知，share符合文意，故填share。. 6.so解析考查连词。前半句“Shu brocade is made of colorful silk”表示原因，后半句“it feels smooth and soft'”表示结果，空处需用表示因果关系的连 词连接，故填s0。 7.design解析考查名词。根据From和to weaving (编织)可知，空处应用名词形式；结合备选项可 知，design符合语境，表示“从设计到编织”，故填 design。 8.usually解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词 takes,应用副词形式；结合备选项可知，usual符合 语境，说明制作蜀锦的常规时间，故填usually。 9.passed解析考查非谓语动词。根据下文及语境 可知，此处表示“这个文化遗产应该永远被传承下 去”。pass down意为“传承”，为固定搭配。此处 cultural heritage和pass down之间为逻辑上的动 宾关系，应用被动语态，空处应填动词的过去分词 形式，故填passed。 l0.how解析考查从属连词。空处引导不定式短 语，作动词know的宾语，结合备选项可知，how 符合语境，表示“如今很少人知道如何制作蜀 锦”，故填how。 PASSAGE 14 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了面条的历史、制作手法 和文化意义。 l.earliest解析考查比较等级。根据空前的the和 空后的noodles ever found in China可知，空处应 填形容词最高级形式；根据下文“date back.years ago”可知，此处表示“最早的面条”，early符合文 意，故填earliest。 2.appeared解析考查时态。此处描述过去发生的 事，应用一般过去时；结合备选项可知，此处表示 “第一个关于面条的书面记录出现在东汉时期的 文学作品中”，appear符合文意，故填appeared。 3.how解析考查从属连词。空处引导不定式短 语，作动词learned的宾语，结合备选项可知，how 符合语境，表示“马可波罗返回意大利之前学会了 如何煮面条”，故选how。 4.fed解析考查非谓语动词。根据have not only 和空后but also brought可知，空处需填动词过去 分词形式；结合备选项可知，feed符合语境，表示 “自古以来，面条不仅养活了中国人，还给人们带 来了无尽的乐趣”，故填fed。 5.ways解析考查名词。根据下文所举例子和结合 备选项可知，此处表示“面条有很多种制作方式”， way为可数名词，different后接可数名词复数形 式，故填ways。 6.yo解析考查代词。空处作定语修饰名词 hands,且指代“你的”，应用形容词性物主代词形 式，故填your。 7.invented解析考查非谓语动词。此处表示“岐山 臊子面据说是为庆祝周朝消灭恶龙的胜利而发明 的”。noodles和invent之间为逻辑上的动宾关 系，此处应用被动语态，故填invented。. 8.because解析考查连词。空处连接两个完整句 子，应用连词；空后“they were sold by the seller on a shoulder pole”解释了上文担担面取名的原 因，故填because。 9.trly解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰整个句 子，应用副词形式；结合语境可知，此处表示程度， 故填truly。 10.fo0d解析考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示 “面条是生日必吃的食物”，根据空前的a可知， 此处填food。 PASSAGE 15 【文意解读】最重要的发明是什么？艾丽斯对此发 表了自己的看法。 l.anywhere解析考查名词。此处表示“没有车轮， 人们就不能方便快捷地到处旅游”，结合备选项可 知，anywhere意为“任何地方”，符合文意，故填 anywhere。 2.depend解析考查动词。根据上下文及语境可 知，此处表示“我们依赖轮子”，depend on意为“依 赖”，此处为一般现在时，主语为we,故填depend。. 3.cities解析考查名词。根据空后的and countries 可知，空处需填名词复数；根据上下文可知，此处 表示“我们很可能要放弃去其他城市和国家游玩 的想法”，结合备选项可知，city符合文意，故填 citieso 4.0解析考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示 “这意味着我们发现不了其他的地方，我们的世界 将会很小”。空处指代主语“我们的”，修饰名词 world,应用we的形容词性物主代词形式our。 5.easily解析考查副词。根据空后的and efficiently可知，空处应用副词形式；根据语境可 知，此处表示“我们需要轮子，所以人们可以方便 高效地工作”，结合备选项可知，easy符合文意，故 填easy的副词形式easily。 6.using解析考查非谓语动词。根据空前的by themselves or和空后animals可知，空处需填动名 词形式；此处表示“人们可以用其他方式来运载东 西，比如靠他们自己或使用动物”。use符合文意， 故填using。 7.「解析考查连词。空处连接两个完整的句子， 应用连词；下文“the things are heavy”表条件，故 填f。 8.important解析考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名 词part,应用形容词形式；此处表示“因为轮子可 以使机器运转，所以轮子也是工厂和农场里机器 的重要部分”，故填important。 9.called解析考查非谓语动词。此处表示“这种轮 子被称为齿轮”，call符合文意；wheels和call之间 为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填called。 10.changed解析考查动词。根据空前的have和空 后的he world可知，空处需填动词过去分词形式； 此处表示“有很多改变世界的非常重要的发明”，结 合备选项可知，change符合文意，故填changed。. PASSAGE 16 【文意解读】本文主要介绍了一种新型的以菌丝体 为主要构成的建筑材料。 l.traditional解析考查形容词。空处作定语修饰 名词materials,应用形容词形式；此处表示“这个 有创意的房子展现了菌丝体代替像聚苯乙烯一样 的传统材料的可能性”，tradition符合文意，故填 traditional。 2.choice解析考查名词。根据空前a different eco- friendly可知，空处需填名词；根据上文可知，此处 表示“Samorost提供了一种不同的环保的选择，它 可以改变我们建造房子的方式”，cho0se符合文 意，故填choose的名词形式choice。 3.but解析考查并列连词。not only.but also… 意为“不仅…而且…”，为固定搭配。 4.made解析考查动词。此处表示“在Samorost中 所使用的那些菌丝体，是由灵芝的根系所制成 的”。be made from意为“由…制成”，为固定搭 配，故填made。 5.a解析考查冠词。此处表泛指“一种轻便但坚固 的建筑材料”，lightweight的发音以辅音音素开 头，故填a。 6.lower解析考查比较等级。根据上文的Unlike polystyrene和空前的much可知，空处应用形容 词比较级形式；根据语境可知，此处表示“不像聚 苯乙烯，菌丝体可以自然分解，在这个过程中，产 生更少的二氧化碳”，low符合文意，故填lower。 7.easily解析考查副词。空处作状语修饰谓语 catch fire,应用副词形式；根据语境可知，此处表 示“这种材料不是很容易着火”，easy符合文意，故 填easily。. 8.Prevent解析考查动词。根据空前的不定式to 可知，空处需填动词原形；根据语境可知，此处表 示“当谈到高层建筑的外墙保温时，菌丝体可能不 太适合用于防止热量散失”，prevent符合文意，故 填prevent。 9.problems解析考查名词。根据语境可知，此处 表示“如果这些墙壁受潮了，就可能会引发问题， 而且这种材料可能也无法达到应有的效果。” problem为可数名词，此处应用复数形式表泛指。 10.with解析考查介词。空处引导名词短语作状 语，表示条件，结合备选项可知，wth符合语境， 故填wit山h,表示“随着欧盟对绿色项目的更多支 持，未来几年利用菌丝体进行建筑将会变得越来 越普遍”。