专题03 冠词和数词（知识清单）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语知识清单全面覆盖冠词与数词两大语法专题，通过知识脑图搭建核心脉络，考点深研分层突破冠词分类、句法功能、固定搭配及数词分类、序数词规则、分数倍数表达等核心内容，优题精练结合高考真题强化实战应用。 清单采用分类分级呈现知识体系，如冠词细分不定冠词a/an用法、定冠词the八大必用场景、零冠词高频场景，数词附基数词变序数词规则表与分数倍数表达公式，搭配“泛指单数a/an”口诀及高考真题分类汇编，培养学生语言能力与思维品质，助力学生自主梳理易错点，教师可据此精准指导复习，提升备考效率。

清单03 冠词、数词 目录导航 第一部分 冠词 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 冠词的分类与句法功能 知识点1 冠词的分类 不定冠词a/an 定冠词the 零冠词 知识点2 冠词的句法功能 考点二 冠词高频固定搭配与易错部分 知识点1常见固定搭配 知识点2 泛指 / 特指辨析 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 第二部分 数词 04知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 05考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 数词的分类与句法功能 知识点1 数词的分类 基数词 序数词 知识点2 数词的句法功能 06优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 第一部分 冠词 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点 1 冠词分类与基本用法 知识点 1 不定冠词 a/an 1.含义：泛指 “一个 / 一类”，修饰单数可数名词。 a：辅音音素开头 a book, a university, a European an：元音音素开头（不是元音字母） an apple, an hour, an honest boy 2.用法 首次提到单数可数名词（泛指） I bought a pen yesterday. 表 “一个”，相当于 one There is a park near my home. 表 “一类人 / 物” A bird can fly. 3.固定搭配 have a rest, take a walk, in a hurry 1. a/an选择看发音不看字母：an hour /a university 2. 不可数名词前不能用 a/an 【随堂例题】 1.I saw ____ old man sitting on the bench. 答案：an 解析：old 元音音素开头，用 an。 2.He has ____ useful book about history. 答案：a 解析：useful 辅音音素开头，用 a。 知识点 2 定冠词 the 1.含义：特指 “这个 / 那个 / 这些 / 那些”，可修饰单复数、可数 / 不可数。得 分 助 手 必用 the 的八大场景 1.再次提到前文名词（特指） I bought a pen. The pen is blue. 2.双方都知道的人 / 物 Open the door, please. 3.独一无二事物 the sun, the moon, the earth, the world 4.最高级、序数词、only the best student, the first day, the only child 5.方位、乐器、姓氏复数（一家人） in the east, play the piano, the Greens 6.特指的介词短语修饰名词 the water in the cup 7. 江河湖海、山脉、群岛、国家全称 the Yellow River, the Himalayas, the People’s Republic of China 8. 固定搭配 in the morning, on the left, all the time 【随堂例题】 1. 乐器前用 the；球类 / 棋类不用 the 2. 最高级前必须加 the 1.____ girl in red is my sister. 答案：The 解析：介词短语 in red 特指，用 the。 2.He is ____ tallest boy in our class. 答案：the 解析：最高级前加 the。 知识点 3 零冠词（不用冠词） 场景：复数泛指、不可数泛指、固定类别 零冠词高频场景 1.复数名词泛指一类 I like books. 2.不可数名词泛指 Water is important. 3.三餐、球类、棋类、学科、语言 have breakfast, play basketball, learn English 4.人名、地名、国名（简称）、街道、公园 Beijing, China, Green Street, Hyde Park 5.节假日、月份、星期 on Monday, in June, celebrate Christmas 6.固定搭配 go to school, by bus, at home, in bed 1.go to school（上学）≠ go to the school（去那所学校） 2.in hospital（住院）≠ in the hospital（在医院里） 【随堂例题】 1.We usually have ____ lunch at 12:00. 答案：/（零冠词） 解析：三餐前不用冠词。 2.She likes playing ____ tennis. 答案：/（零冠词） 解析：球类运动前不用冠词。 考点 2 冠词高频固定搭配与易错 知识点 1 常见固定搭配（北京常考） 必背 a lot of, a little, a few, a number of in a word, as a result, once in a while the same as, on the whole, in the end by accident, on purpose, at first, at last 知识点 2 泛指 / 特指辨析（北京语法填空核心） 泛指：第一次提、复数、不可数 → a/an/ 零冠词 特指：第二次提、限定修饰、独一无二、最高级 → the 优题精练・专题实战通关 泛指单数 a/an，复数不可数零冠； 特指限定独一无二，最高级序数必加 the。 1. I had ____ wonderful time in Beijing last summer. 答案：a 解析：have a wonderful time 固定搭配。 2.____ Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. 答案：The 解析：专有名词长城前加 the。 3. She is ____ honest girl and we all like her. 答案：an 解析：honest 元音音素开头。 4. We often play ____ basketball after school. 答案：/ 解析：球类前零冠词。 5. This is ____ useful tool for students. 答案：a 解析：useful 辅音音素开头。 6. ____ water in this river is very clean. 答案：The 解析：in this river 特指。 7. He goes to ____ school by bike every day. 答案：/ 解析：go to school 上学，零冠词。 8. I met ____ old friend on my way home yesterday. 答案：an 解析：old 元音音素开头。 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点01 考查不定冠词a(n)的用法 1.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 1. a 解析：考查冠词。way此处意为“方式”，为可数名词，且new以辅音音素开头，故填a，表示泛指。 2.（2023新课标I卷）The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 2.a 解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 3.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 3. A 解析：考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 4.（2021新课标I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 　 must to visit! 4. a 解析：句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a. 考点02 考查定冠词the的用法 5．（2025全国一卷）Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. 5. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 6.（2025八省联考卷）Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and 6. The 解析：考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。 7.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 7. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 8.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 8. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 9.（2023新课标II卷）Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 9. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 10.（2023浙江1月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers. 10. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 11.（2022新课标I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 11. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 12.（2022新课标II卷）___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 12. The 解析：考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 13.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 13. the 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 14.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed. 14. the 解析： 考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。 15.（2021全国甲卷）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 15. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 16.（2021全国乙卷）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 16. the 解析：考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。 17.（2021浙江卷）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 17. The 解析：考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。 考点03 考查冠词与短文改错 18.（2024全国甲卷）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. 18. A改成An 解析：考查冠词。句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。名词attendant 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。A改成An。 19.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me. 19. the改为a 解析：考查冠词。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。 20.（2023全国乙卷）Mom was sure same color would look great on her. 20. same前加the 解析：考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。 第二部分数词 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1. 数词的概念及分类 知识点 1 数词的概念 数词是用来表示数量或顺序的词。 知识点 2 数词的分类 数词可以分为基数词和序数词。基数词是表数量多少的数词，如one、two、three...；序数词是表顺序先后的数词，如first、second、third...。 考点2. 基数词变序数词规则 知识点 1 基数词变序数词规则 规律 单词 一般后加th four →fourth，six→sixth, seven→seventh， ten→tenth， eleven→eleventh，thirteen→thirteenth，fourteen→fourteenth， hundred→hundredth， 1.2.3特殊记 one→first，two→second，tree→third 8去t, 9去e, ve要用f替 eight→eighth，nine→ninth，five→fifth，twelve→twelfth 几十ty要变tie twenty→twentieth，thirty→thirtieth，forty→fortieth，fifty→fiftieth 若是遇到几十几只变个位就可以 twenty-one→twenty-first，thirty-five→thirty-fifth 对点精练 1. (2023年全国甲卷) Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the _______ (six) century, B. C. 2. (2022年全国新高考1卷·56) I’ve always loved the ocean. In the_______ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. 3. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷改编) Then, when I was in the _______(five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very much. 4. (2017全国Ⅰ卷改编)In the summer holiday following my _______(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 答案速对 1. sixth 2. seventh 3. fifth 4. eighteenth 考点3. 数词的常见用法及短语 知识点 1 数词的基本用法 1. 基数词表数量 （1）但要区分确指和泛指： two thousand people 两千人（确指）； thousands of people 数以千计的人们（泛指）； （2）表达在某人几十多岁时需用整时数的复数： in his thirties 在他三十多岁；in her seventies 在她70多岁时； （3）表达年代： in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代; （4）一个半的表达： one/an hour and a half或one and a half hours。 2. 序数词表顺序 （1）序数词前一般有the或限定词修饰： Tom lived on the third floor. This is my twentieth birthday; （2）序数词的常用法还有： ★名词前有序数词修饰时常用to + 不定式作后置定语，有时该名词还可省略： China is the first (country) to make paper. ; It is/was the first/second...time that sb has/had done sth. 例如It was the first time that he had been out alone. 3. 分数及百分数的表达： （1）分数由 基数词（分子） + 序数词（分母） 构成，分子为1时，分母用单数形式；分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。 例：1/3 → one-third 或 a third ；2/5 → two-fifths ；3/4 → three quarters（常用）或 three fourths 。 （2）注意特殊分数的表达1/2 必须用 a half 或 one half，不可用 “a second”； （3）1/4 可表达为 a quarter 或 one fourth；3/4 为 three quarters 。 （4）百分数由 基数词 + percent 构成，符号 “%” 读作... percent： 60% → sixty percent ；0.5% → zero point five percent。 4. 倍数的表达方法： （1）A + be + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + B表示“A是B的..倍”： This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。； （2）A + be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B 表A是B的...倍长： This rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长/比那根长一倍； （3）A + be + 倍数 + the + size/length/height等 + of + B表A在体积/长度/高度上是B的..倍： The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球体积是月球的49倍。 5. 数词的重要短语 in his forties 在他40多岁 hundreds/housands/millions of 数以百/千/万计的 win (the) second place 获得第二名 at the age of 20 在20岁 try a third time再尝试一次（已尝试两次） one by one 一个接一个地 one after another 一个又一个，连续不断地 in pairs 成双成对，两人一组的 in two and three 三三两两 at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 优题精练·专题实战通关 1．—Dad, about three _______ (eight) of our classmates wear glasses. —Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes. 【解析】考查数词。句意：——爸爸，我们班大约八分之三的同学戴眼镜。——哦，那太糟糕了。你们都应该好好保护自己的眼睛。根据“about three … (eight) of our classmates wear glasses.”可知，此处表达的是“八分之三”；英语中分数的表达方法是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数。故填eighths。 2.If you purposefully try to act instead of killing your time, it will become your ___7___ (two) nature, and laziness will be the thing of the past. 【解析】考查序数词。句意：如果你有意识地去行动，而不是浪费时间，时间就会成为你的第二天性，懒惰就会成为过去。此处指“第二”本性，所以要用基数词two的序数词second。故答案为second。 3.The pyramid was made up of ________(million) of stones. 【解析】考查数词。句意：金字塔是由数百万块石头组成的。millions of“数以百万计的”，故填millions。 4.As the ____2___ （three）solar term in the lunar year, its name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. 【解析】考查序数词。句意：作为农历年的第三个节气，它的名字暗示了在冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒，地球开始恢复生机。根据空前的the可知，此处用three的序数词third。故答案为third。 5.There are twelve floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the ________(four) floor. 【解析】考查数词。句意：这栋楼有十二层，吴先生的办公室在四楼。所设空表达的是顺序，应用序数词，故填fourth。 6.He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20). 【解析】考查基数词的固定用法。句意：何炅在20多岁时成为中国著名主持人。固定搭配：in ones +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。故答案为twenties。 7.—Could you tell me when Max began to do business? —Sure. He began to do business when he was in his ________(thirty) and has earned 2.56 billion yuan so far. 【解析】考查数词。句意：——你能告诉我Max什么时候开始做生意的吗?——当然。他30多岁时开始做生意，到目前为止已经挣了25.6亿元。根据题干，结合选项可知，所设空表示“在某人几十多岁时”用“in one’s+基数词复数形式”表示。故填thirties。 8.We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday. 【解析】考查序数词。句意：下周六我们将为我母亲的四十岁生日举行一个惊喜聚会。空前虽然没有定冠词the，但是有名词所有格形式my mother’s，所以这里表示“第四个”生日，用序数词表示顺序，forty的序数词是fortieth。故答案为fortieth。 9.Nowadays, a number of people like HUA WEI phones, about ________(五分之四) of them are adults. 【解析】考查短语和分数的表达。句意：现在，大量的人喜欢华为的手机，他们中大约五分之四的人是成年人。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。表达 “五分之四”用“four-fifths”。故填four-fifths。 10.The captain said she was the __________(twelve) tutor, who had come to look after his children since their mother died. 【解析】考查数词。句意:上校说自从孩子们的母亲去世以后,她是来照看孩子的第十二位家庭教师。表示“第十二”用序数词twelfth。 11.We are celebrating our grandpa's ___________(ninety) birthday next week. 【解析】考查数词。句意：我们下周将庆祝爷爷90岁生日。根据语境这里应表示第九十个生日。注意整十类数词变为序数词，变y为i, 再加-eth.故填ninetieth。 12. In the summer holiday following my ___________(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 【解析】考查数词。句意：在我十八岁生日之后那个暑假，我学习驾照课程。结合常识这里表示“我的第十八个生日”，应用序数词作定语。故填eighteenth。 13.In the summer holiday following my________(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 【解析】句意:在我18岁生日之后的暑假,我学了驾驶课程。表示“18岁生日”应用序数词eighteenth。 14.Just how extraordinary was the step？This marks only the ___3___（four）time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected by outside forces． 【解析】考查序数词。句意：这是自1896年第一届现代奥运会以来，奥运会第四次受到外部力量的影响。空前有the，所以用序数词作定语，four的序数词是fourth。故答案为fourth。 15.World Environment Day is on the _______ (five) of June. 【解析】考查序数词。句意：6月5日是世界环境日。根据空前的the可知，这里表示“顺序”，应该用序数词表示“第几”，five的序数词是fifth。故答案为fifth。 16.You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care. 【解析】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次，两倍”，twice a week“一周两次”。故答案为twice。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单03 冠词、数词 目录导航 第一部分 冠词 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 冠词的分类与句法功能 知识点1 冠词的分类 不定冠词a/an 定冠词the 零冠词 知识点2 冠词的句法功能 考点二 冠词高频固定搭配与易错部分 知识点1常见固定搭配 知识点2 泛指 / 特指辨析 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 第二部分 数词 04知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 05考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 数词的分类与句法功能 知识点1 数词的分类 基数词 序数词 知识点2 数词的句法功能 06优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 第一部分 冠词 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点 1 冠词分类与基本用法 知识点 1 不定冠词 a/an 1.含义：泛指 “一个 / 一类”，修饰单数可数名词。 a：辅音音素开头 a book, a university, a European an：元音音素开头（不是元音字母） an apple, an hour, an honest boy 2.用法 首次提到单数可数名词（泛指） I bought a pen yesterday. 表 “一个”，相当于 one There is a park near my home. 表 “一类人 / 物” A bird can fly. 3.固定搭配 have a rest, take a walk, in a hurry 1. a/an选择看发音不看字母：an hour /a university 2. 不可数名词前不能用 a/an 【随堂例题】 1.I saw ____ old man sitting on the bench. 2.He has ____ useful book about history. 知识点 2 定冠词 the 1.含义：特指 “这个 / 那个 / 这些 / 那些”，可修饰单复数、可数 / 不可数。得 分 助 手 必用 the 的八大场景 1.再次提到前文名词（特指） I bought a pen. The pen is blue. 2.双方都知道的人 / 物 Open the door, please. 3.独一无二事物 the sun, the moon, the earth, the world 4.最高级、序数词、only the best student, the first day, the only child 5.方位、乐器、姓氏复数（一家人） in the east, play the piano, the Greens 6.特指的介词短语修饰名词 the water in the cup 7. 江河湖海、山脉、群岛、国家全称 the Yellow River, the Himalayas, the People’s Republic of China 8. 固定搭配 in the morning, on the left, all the time 【随堂例题】 1. 乐器前用 the；球类 / 棋类不用 the 2. 最高级前必须加 the 1.____ girl in red is my sister. 2.He is ____ tallest boy in our class. 知识点 3 零冠词（不用冠词） 场景：复数泛指、不可数泛指、固定类别 零冠词高频场景 1.复数名词泛指一类 I like books. 2.不可数名词泛指 Water is important. 3.三餐、球类、棋类、学科、语言 have breakfast, play basketball, learn English 4.人名、地名、国名（简称）、街道、公园 Beijing, China, Green Street, Hyde Park 5.节假日、月份、星期 on Monday, in June, celebrate Christmas 6.固定搭配 go to school, by bus, at home, in bed 1.go to school（上学）≠ go to the school（去那所学校） 2.in hospital（住院）≠ in the hospital（在医院里） 【随堂例题】 1.We usually have ____ lunch at 12:00. 2.She likes playing ____ tennis. 考点 2 冠词高频固定搭配与易错 知识点 1 常见固定搭配（北京常考） 必背 a lot of, a little, a few, a number of in a word, as a result, once in a while the same as, on the whole, in the end by accident, on purpose, at first, at last 知识点 2 泛指 / 特指辨析（北京语法填空核心） 泛指：第一次提、复数、不可数 → a/an/ 零冠词 特指：第二次提、限定修饰、独一无二、最高级 → the 优题精练・专题实战通关 泛指单数 a/an，复数不可数零冠； 特指限定独一无二，最高级序数必加 the。 1. I had ____ wonderful time in Beijing last summer. 2.____ Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. 3. She is ____ honest girl and we all like her. 4. We often play ____ basketball after school. 5. This is ____ useful tool for students. 6. ____ water in this river is very clean. 7. He goes to ____ school by bike every day. 8. I met ____ old friend on my way home yesterday. 优题精练·专题实战通关 考点01 考查不定冠词a(n)的用法 1.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. 2.（2023新课标I卷）The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 3.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 4.（2021新课标I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 　 　 must to visit! 考点02 考查定冠词the的用法 5．（2025全国一卷）Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. 6.（2025八省联考卷）Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and 7.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 8.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 9.（2023新课标II卷）Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 10.（2023浙江1月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers. 11.（2022新课标I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 12.（2022新课标II卷）___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 13.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 14.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed. 15.（2021全国甲卷）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 16.（2021全国乙卷）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 17.（2021浙江卷）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 考点03 考查冠词与短文改错 18.（2024全国甲卷）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. 19.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me. 20.（2023全国乙卷）Mom was sure same color would look great on her. 第二部分数词 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点1. 数词的概念及分类 知识点 1 数词的概念 数词是用来表示数量或顺序的词。 知识点 2 数词的分类 数词可以分为基数词和序数词。基数词是表数量多少的数词，如one、two、three...；序数词是表顺序先后的数词，如first、second、third...。 考点2. 基数词变序数词规则 知识点 1 基数词变序数词规则 规律 单词 一般后加th four →fourth，six→sixth, seven→seventh， ten→tenth， eleven→eleventh，thirteen→thirteenth，fourteen→fourteenth， hundred→hundredth， 1.2.3特殊记 one→first，two→second，tree→third 8去t, 9去e, ve要用f替 eight→eighth，nine→ninth，five→fifth，twelve→twelfth 几十ty要变tie twenty→twentieth，thirty→thirtieth，forty→fortieth，fifty→fiftieth 若是遇到几十几只变个位就可以 twenty-one→twenty-first，thirty-five→thirty-fifth 对点精练 1. (2023年全国甲卷) Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the _______ (six) century, B. C. 2. (2022年全国新高考1卷·56) I’ve always loved the ocean. In the_______ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. 3. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷改编) Then, when I was in the _______(five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very much. 4. (2017全国Ⅰ卷改编)In the summer holiday following my _______(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 答案速对 1. sixth 2. seventh 3. fifth 4. eighteenth 考点3. 数词的常见用法及短语 知识点 1 数词的基本用法 1. 基数词表数量 （1）但要区分确指和泛指： two thousand people 两千人（确指）； thousands of people 数以千计的人们（泛指）； （2）表达在某人几十多岁时需用整时数的复数： in his thirties 在他三十多岁；in her seventies 在她70多岁时； （3）表达年代： in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代; （4）一个半的表达： one/an hour and a half或one and a half hours。 2. 序数词表顺序 （1）序数词前一般有the或限定词修饰： Tom lived on the third floor. This is my twentieth birthday; （2）序数词的常用法还有： ★名词前有序数词修饰时常用to + 不定式作后置定语，有时该名词还可省略： China is the first (country) to make paper. ; It is/was the first/second...time that sb has/had done sth. 例如It was the first time that he had been out alone. 3. 分数及百分数的表达： （1）分数由 基数词（分子） + 序数词（分母） 构成，分子为1时，分母用单数形式；分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。 例：1/3 → one-third 或 a third ；2/5 → two-fifths ；3/4 → three quarters（常用）或 three fourths 。 （2）注意特殊分数的表达1/2 必须用 a half 或 one half，不可用 “a second”； （3）1/4 可表达为 a quarter 或 one fourth；3/4 为 three quarters 。 （4）百分数由 基数词 + percent 构成，符号 “%” 读作... percent： 60% → sixty percent ；0.5% → zero point five percent。 4. 倍数的表达方法： （1）A + be + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + B表示“A是B的..倍”： This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。； （2）A + be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B 表A是B的...倍长： This rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长/比那根长一倍； （3）A + be + 倍数 + the + size/length/height等 + of + B表A在体积/长度/高度上是B的..倍： The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球体积是月球的49倍。 5. 数词的重要短语 in his forties 在他40多岁 hundreds/housands/millions of 数以百/千/万计的 win (the) second place 获得第二名 at the age of 20 在20岁 try a third time再尝试一次（已尝试两次） one by one 一个接一个地 one after another 一个又一个，连续不断地 in pairs 成双成对，两人一组的 in two and three 三三两两 at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 优题精练·专题实战通关 1．—Dad, about three _______ (eight) of our classmates wear glasses. —Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes. 2.If you purposefully try to act instead of killing your time, it will become your ___7___ (two) nature, and laziness will be the thing of the past. 3.The pyramid was made up of ________(million) of stones. 4.As the ____2___ （three）solar term in the lunar year, its name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. 5.There are twelve floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the ________(four) floor. 6.He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20). 7.—Could you tell me when Max began to do business? —Sure. He began to do business when he was in his ________(thirty) and has earned 2.56 billion yuan so far. 8.We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday. 9.Nowadays, a number of people like HUA WEI phones, about ________(五分之四) of them are adults. 10.The captain said she was the __________(twelve) tutor, who had come to look after his children since their mother died. 11.We are celebrating our grandpa's ___________(ninety) birthday next week. 12. In the summer holiday following my ___________(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 13.In the summer holiday following my________(eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons. 14.Just how extraordinary was the step？This marks only the ___3___（four）time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected by outside forces． 15.World Environment Day is on the _______ (five) of June. 16.You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $