必修2 Unit 6 Earth first（Word教师用书）-【金版新学案】2027年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心词汇、短语及句型，按阅读单词、核心单词、拓展单词（含构词法）、重点短语、经典句型的逻辑架构组织，通过词汇语境运用（单句及语篇填空）、阅读理解清障（熟词生义、构词训练）、写作增分练（应用文布局谋篇）等环节，结合2024-2025年真题实例，帮助学生系统突破词汇难关，构建语言知识网络。 资料特色在于融合构词法归纳（如名词后缀-th/-hood）与语境应用，通过“先练透再归纳”模式（如devote的用法及真题例句）提升学习能力，应用文写作中指导用非谓语动词合并句子（如Devoting themselves...）培养语言能力，读后续写情感细节描写（失望、孤独）助力思维品质提升，分层练习确保复习效果，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

注：表示熟词生义；表示反义词 Ⅰ.阅读单词 1．fin v.　　　　　　　　　 切去(鱼的)鳍 　 n. 鱼鳍 2．reserve n. (野生生物)保护区 3．drought n. 旱灾，干旱 4．flood n. 洪水，水灾 5．sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的 6．bulb n. 灯泡 7．carbon n. 碳 8．greenhouse n. 温室，暖房 9．brochure n. 小册子 10．smog n. 烟雾，雾霾 11．slide n. 幻灯片 12．stand-by adj. 备用的 13．mode n. (机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式 14．plug n. (电)插头 15．litre n. 升，公升 16．campaign n. (宣传)活动 17．canteen n. (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 18．shark n. 鲨(鱼) Ⅱ.核心单词 1．target v. 把……作为目标 2．attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度 3．ocean n. 海洋，大海 4．highlight v. 使……突出，使注意力集中于 5．staff n. 员工 6．damage v. 破损，损害，损伤 7．supply n. (煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统) 8．solar adj. 利用太阳光(能)的 9．release v. 释放，排放 10．fog n. 雾 11．severe adj. (问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的 12．lecture n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 13．false adj. 不正确的，错误的 14．amount n. 数量，数额 15．device n. 设备，仪器，装置 16．leak v. (使)漏，(使)渗漏 17．appliance n. 家用电器，家用器具 18．average adj. 平均(数)的 Ⅲ.拓展单词 1．concern vt.使担忧；涉及 →concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的 →concerning prep.关于 2．permit v．允许，许可 →permission n．允许，许可 3．reduce v．减少，降低 →reduction n．减少；下降 4．restore v．使恢复 →restoration n．(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复；恢复 →restored adj.精力充沛的；精力恢复的 5．present vt.呈现；展示；说明 →presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明 6．hunt v．打猎；猎取；搜寻 →hunting n．打猎，狩猎 →hunter n．猎人 7．establish v．建立，设立 →establishment n．建立，设立 →established adj.已确立的；公认的，成名的 8．devote v．致力，献身，倾注 →devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的 →devotion n．奉献；专心 9．dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水 →diving n．潜水 →diver n．潜水员；跳水者 10．affect v．影响 →affection n．喜爱，关爱；爱恋 →affected adj.受影响的 11．adopt v．采取(某种方法) →adopted adj.收养的；领养的 →adoption n．收养；采用 12．sustain v．维持；使稳定 →sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 →sustainably adv.可持续地 学生用书第89页 13．renew v．重新开始；更新 →renewable adj.(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的 14．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 →urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的 →urgency n．紧急；催促 15．infect vt.感染，传染 →infection n．感染，传染病 →infectious adj.传染的；传染性的 16．reuse vt.再利用 →reusable adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的 17．remove v．移走，搬走，去掉 →removal n．移走；拿去；去掉；消除 18．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生) →contribution n．贡献 →contributor n．贡献者；撰稿人 19．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 →scary adj.可怕的 →scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 20．major adj.重大的 n．专业 →majority n．多数，大多数(人或物) 21．extinct adj.不再存在的；已灭绝的 →extinction n．灭绝，绝种 22．electricity n．电 →electric/electrical adj.电的，与电相关的 →electronic adj.电子的 23．cruel adj.残忍的 →cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴 →cruelly adv.残忍地 24．fortunate adj.幸运的 →unfortunate adj.不幸的 →fortunately adv.幸运地 →unfortunately adv.不幸地 构词法：名词后缀-th表示性质、状态、动作或结果等。 ①warm温暖的→warmth温暖；grow增长；生长；成长→growth增长；成长 ②true真的→truth真相；真理；long长的→length长度；deep深的→depth深度；strong强壮的→strength力量；wide宽的→width宽度 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．cut off　　　　　　　　 切掉；切断；隔离，隔绝 2．have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 3．see...as... 把……看作…… 4．mistake...for... 把……错当成…… 5．break down 分解；发生故障；(计划、谈判等)失败；(身体)垮掉 6．take...into account 把……考虑进去 7．call on 号召 8．in fear 害怕地 9．by mistake 错误地；无意中 10．be scared/frightened/afraid of 害怕 11．due to 由于，因为 12．the other way round 相反的情况 13．common sense 常识 Ⅴ.经典句型 1．Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.[形容词(短语)作状语] 有些人因为害怕电影里那种可怕的生物，不再去海里游泳。 2．In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.(be doing...when...) 在1980年，本奇利正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。 3．However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(倍数表达法) 然而，生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水量则多达三倍。 学生用书第90页 devote v．致力，献身，倾注 先练透 ①Having a devoted(devote)heart for people in need，you're welcome to participate and details are as follows. ②It is his devotion(devote)to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor's degree. ③(2025·八省联考卷读后续写)Large and tough as they looked，they had a soft and kind heart, devoting their time and energy to helping animals (把时间和精力花在帮助动物上) in need. ④(应用文写作之表达感激)我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和写作能力所付出的努力。 I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills. 再归纳 (1)devote oneself/time/energy/life to(doing)sth 某人投身于……；把时间/精力/生命奉献于…… (2)be devoted to(doing)sth 专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n. 奉献；忠诚 devoted adj. 热衷的；挚爱的 affect(教材义)v.影响；(补充义)v.(疾病)侵袭；(在感情上)深深打动 先练透 ①(2025·全国二卷)These effects aren't just short-term but have been proved to affect(affect)a teen's well-being in the years to come. ②(2024·全国甲卷)However，when a cat is looking for affection(affect)，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. ③Large amounts of donations have been flooding into the affected(affect)areas. ④(应用文写作之投稿申请)在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection for the career. 再归纳 (1)be deeply/greatly affected by...　　　　　　　 被……深深打动 (2)be affected with... 染上……疾病 (3)show/have/feel much/develop an affection for... (非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… reduce(教材义)v.减少，降低；(补充义)v.使沦为，使陷入(不好的境地) 先练透 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)With human inputs dramatically reduced(reduce)，the garden's ecology can develop well. ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“We are passionate about reducing(reduce)waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，”said a BMF employee. ③Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction(reduce)in error. ④(应用文写作之建议信)减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 再归纳 (1)reduce to...　　　　　　 降至…… be reduced to... 沦落为……；减少到……(to为介词) (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默 (3)reduce sth to ruins/ashes 把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬 (4)reduction n. 减少 学生用书第91页 urge(教材义)v.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促；(补充义)v.鞭策；激励(～ sb on)n.强烈的欲望；推动力 先练透 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)If the information you're communicating isn't urgent(urge)，consider sending an email. ②(2025·八省联考卷)I love animals，and I felt an urge to go to (我非常想去参加)this fundraising event. ③She was like a nurse for newborns，urging(urge)me to step up and change a diaper or something. ④(读后续写之情感描写)我感到很尴尬，我突然很想跑下台，但我忍住了。 I was embarrassed，but I fought back the sudden urge to run off the stage. 再归纳 (1)have/feel an urge to do sth　　　　　　　很渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 (3)urge that...(should)do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should)do sth 坚决要求……做某事 contribute(教材义)v.促成，造成(某事发生)；(补充义)v.捐助；(为……)做贡献；撰稿；发表意见 先练透 ①(2025·八省联考卷)China，on its part，will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions (contribute)to the international community. ②(2025·浙江1月卷)Ask the audience to contribute(contribute)their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. ③Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing(contribute)to fewer injuries. ④(读后续写之主旨升华句)社区服务很值得做，这是一件我能为世界作出积极贡献的工作。 The community service was a job worthwhile to do，something positive I could do to make contributions to the world． 再归纳 (1)contribute...to...　　　　　　 捐助……给……；向……投稿 (2)contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿 (3)contribution n. 贡献 make a contribution/contributions to... 为……作出贡献 average(教材义)adj.平均(数)的；(补充义)n.平均(数)v.平均 先练透 ①Recent research reveals 880 million unused but working electrical items gathering dust in UK households, averaging (average)31 items per household. ②When enough of these errors are averaged(average)together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate. ③(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days(平均持续两天)，and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村) populations with basic medical care... ④(应用文写作之人物介绍)他的学习成绩远超过平均水平，但他仍然十分谦虚，而且乐于助人。 His academic performance is well above average，but he is still modest and helpful. 再归纳 (1)an average of　　　　 平均有(后跟数词) on average 平均来看 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 (2)average...out 算出……的平均数 学生用书第92页 due to 由于，因为 先练透 ①(2025·豫西北教研联盟质检)He retired due to the injury (因为受伤退休了)and quickly went to the adoption agency. ②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes (由于在这个景点上只有五分钟)before the best moment. ③(应用文写作之表达感激)由于您的支持和指导，我能够克服挑战并取得成功。 Due to your support and guidance，I was able to overcome challenges and achieve success. 再归纳 (1)due to 表示“因为”时，一般用作表语和状语；due 为形容词，意为“预定的，到期的；欠下的；应给的”。 (2)be due to do/for sth　预定/计划(做)某事 (3)be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 句型公式：It takes/took (sb)...to do sth(某人)花费……做某事 先练透 ①(2025·全国二卷)Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant(维护一株植物所需的). ②(2025·浙江1月卷)看起来这么自然，需要花很多心思。 It takes a lot of thought to look this natural． ③(2024·九省联考读后续写)It took me a long time to discover this secret(我花了很长时间发现这个秘密)，too.It's not easy to follow Maya. ④(读后续写之动作描写)我设法把湿衣服拖到洗衣房。那天我花费大部分时间洗衣服、晒衣服。 I managed to drag the wet clothes to the laundry room.It took me most of the day to wash and dry clothes. 再归纳 (1)It takes courage/efforts/hard work to do sth　　 做某事需要勇气/努力 (2)It takes/took some time before... 要过多久才/就…… 维度一　词汇语境运用 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·全国一卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns (concern). 2．(2025·八省联考卷)．..they get invitations to exhibition openings, lectures (lecture)，travel opportunities，and lively social gatherings. 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct(extinction)，researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)BMF employees live out sustainability (sustainable)in their everyday lives. 5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces (reduce)the amount of water needed to grow plants. 6．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal (remove)，winter planting，and seed collection. Ⅱ.语篇语境填空 Herds of elephants used to roam freely across the vast plains of Africa and the dense forests of Asia.However，today，hunters pose a severely dangerous threat to them.1.A large amount of cruel 2.hunting(hunt)has affected these magnificent creatures dramatically，leading to a significant reduction in 3.their (they)numbers. 学生用书第93页 To save them from extinction，some reserves have been established where they can live in peace and safety，4.fortunately(fortunate)allowing for their numbers to begin to recover.Moreover，many people are devoted 5.to protecting them. However，the cruelty upon them will likely continue as long as those interested in buying elephant products are granted 6.permission(permit)to do so，creating an ongoing supply chain that fuels their evil demands.To develop harmony between humans and animals，it is urged that urgent measures 7.(should)be adopted(adopt)to remove the demand for these products and to protect these beautiful creatures from further damage and ultimate extinction.8.Concerned(concern)conservationists are working tirelessly 9.to remove(remove)this threat，but their efforts are constantly affected by the illegal trade，10.which continues to damage their habitats and their very existence. 维度二　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义/一词多义 (写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2025·全国一卷)Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. v．接入 2．(2025·全国二卷)．..She was flooded，shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone. v. 使充满，涌入 3．(2024·浙江1月卷)It is so easy to let an online course slide，but your grades will suffer as a result. v．忽视 4．She has been removed from her post as director. v．免除，解除(职务等) 5．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears. v．使陷入某种境地 Ⅱ.构词训练 (写出下列黑体词的构词方法和词义) 构词 规则 ①“-hood”是英语中常见的名词后缀，表示时期、状态或身份； ②有时可以表示一群具有相同特征或身份的人所组成的集体。 1.(2025·浙江1月卷)When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.“You don't want to get fat”was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. child n．孩子，儿童→childhood n．儿童时期 2．(2025·八省联考卷)Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better. neighbour n．邻居→neighbourhood n．邻里，社区 3．In adulthood，people often have to face various challenges，such as finding a stable job and dealing with family responsibilities. adult n．成人→adulthood n．成年时期 4．The soldiers in the army formed a strong brotherhood，supporting and protecting each other on the battlefield. brother n．兄弟→brotherhood n．兄弟关系，手足情谊 Part 1.应用文增分练 请结合本单元话题，用单元词汇句型完成下面的应用文写作，并背诵。 【情境呈现】 (2025·合肥市二次质检)假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校举办的以“绿色能源与未来生活”为主题的科学大讲堂活动。请你给外教Ryan写一封电子邮件，分享这次经历，内容包括：(1)活动介绍；(2)你的收获。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 Dear Ryan， Yours， Li Hua 学生用书第94页 【布局谋篇】 首段 开篇点题， 分享主题 Dear Ryan， I'm writing to share my experience of the science lecture themed “Green Energy and Future Life” held in our school last week. 中段 介绍活 动过程 　　The experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power.They were devoted to green-energy research.They said these can supply energy，reduce pollution and affect our future life positively.①Due to their speech(由于他们的讲座)，I've learned to ②take environmental factors into account(考虑环境因素).They also urged us to adopt green lifestyles and ③contribute to a greener planet(为更绿的星球做贡献). 末段 表达感悟 　　In all，not only have I gained a profound insight into green energy but I have also come to realize that it is every individual's action that matters.It was really eye-opening! Yours， Li Hua 【多元表达】 The experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power.They were devoted to green-energy research.试用非谓语动词结构合并这两句。 ④Devoting themselves to green-energy research，the experts introduced different types of green energy like solar and wind power. Part 2.读后续写提能练 拓展语料积累　情感细节描写之“失望、孤独” 【语言素材】 形容词/ 副词 disappointed, lonely, alone, upset 名词/ 动词 disappointment, loneliness, disappoint 脸 a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread across/crossed one's face脸上露出失望/孤独的表情 眼睛/ 声音 ①see the disappointment in one's eyes 看到某人眼中的失望； ②one's eyes be filled with/be full of disappointment/loneliness 眼里满是失望/孤独； ③hear the disappointment in one's voice 听出某人声音中的失望； ④a note/touch of disappointment 一丝失望； ⑤in a tone/voice of disappointment 用失望的语气/声音 短语 ①be overcome/be consumed with/be overwhelmed by disappointment　　 非常失望； ②to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是； ③hide one's disappointment 掩饰某人的失望； ④disappointment flooded over sb 某人大失所望； ⑤fight/choke/force/hold back tears of disappointment 忍住失望的泪水 学生用书第95页 【靓句表达】 1．Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself up in his room. 他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。 2．Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness. 托尼感觉突然被投入一个黑暗的世界，陷入了绝望。 3．He stared at me，disappointment written all over his face.他满脸失望地看着我。 4．I looked around，but no one came into sight. A feeling of disappointment and loneliness suddenly overwhelmed me. 我环顾四周，视线里一个人也没有，一种失望和孤独的感觉突然涌上我的心头。 5．When I told her I couldn't make it to her birthday dinner, a touch of disappointment crossed her face before she quickly smiled and said, “No worries.” 当我告诉她无法参加她的生日晚宴时，一丝失望掠过她的脸庞，随即她便笑着说：“没关系。” 续写语料运用　用表“失望、孤独”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景：主题“人与自然”——看到环境被污染时的“失望、孤独” 　　①With a look of disappointment spreading across our faces (我们脸上满是失望，with复合结构), we desperately wondered what had happened to our beloved village.Looking at our anxious faces, Grandfather ②sighed in a voice of disappointment (失望地叹气，介词短语).It was those visitors who did help us earn more money, but they also brought massive amounts of rubbish, which caused severe pollution and changed our beautiful village completely.While telling us about the changes, Grandfather gazed at the sea, ③his eyes filled with/full of disappointment and helplessness (眼里满是失望和无助，独立主格). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $