Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes-（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 本试卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes的B卷能力提升卷，聚焦自然灾害主题，通过阅读、完型、写作整合训练，提升语言应用与思维分析能力，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|10题/40分|树木生态作用、地震预测原理|选取地震预测等科学素材，设细节理解与推理题，培养信息提取与逻辑思维| |完型填空|15题/45分|历史火山事件与气候关联|以1110年火山导致月食为情境，考查语境词汇运用，融合科学探究思维| |书面表达|1题/15分|防灾措施建议|结合环保、科技等提示，要求撰写建议短文，提升综合语言输出与问题解决能力|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·能力提升 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（每小题4分，共计40分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的最佳选项。 A Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they provide him wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent drought (干旱) and floods. Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers. Two thousand years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without its trees, its soil became bare and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country found itself faced by floods and starvation. Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this. They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear. This doesn’t mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. But where there are no trees, the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow. When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert. 1．Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways, the most important of which is that they can _______. A．provide wood B．offer shade C．prevent drought and floods D．make the land rich forever 2．It is a great pity that _______. A．man is only interested in building empires B．man hasn’t realized the importance of trees C．man is eager to profit from trees D．man cut down trees 3．Sooner or later the forests will disappear _______. A．unless a country has a plentiful supply of trees B．unless all people know the importance of planting trees and looking after new trees C．unless the government punishes those who cut down trees instead of planting them D．unless people stop cutting trees for profit 4．The underlined word “bind” means _______. A．to wash away B．to make wet C．to improve D．to make stay together 5．When there is a heavy rain, trees can help to prevent floods as they can _______. A．prevent the soil from being washed away B．make the topsoil stick together C．cause the soil to allow rainwater to sink in D．break the soil up B The goal of earthquake prediction is to give early enough warning. The U.S. Geological Survey conducts and supports research on the likelihood of future earthquakes. Scientists estimate earthquake probabilities in two ways: by studying the history of large earthquakes in a special area and the rate at which strain (拉力) accumulates (积累) in the rock. Scientists study the past frequency of large earthquakes in order to determine the future likelihood of similar large shocks. For example scientists researched the large earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay region during the 75 years between 1836 and 1911. For the next 68 years, no earthquakes of magnitude (震级) 6 or large occurred in the region. Beginning with a magnitude 6 shock in 1979, the earthquakes in the region increased dramatically; between 1979 and 1989, there were four magnitude 6 or greater earthquakes, including a magnitude 7.1 earthquake. So scientists estimated that the probability of a magnitude 6.8 or larger earthquake occurring during the next 30 years in the region is about 67 percent. Another way to predict earthquakes is to study how fast strain accumulates. When plate movements build the strain in rocks to a critical level, like pulling a rubber band too tight, the rocks will suddenly break and slip to a new position. Scientists measure how much strain accumulates along a fault (断层) each year, how much time has passed since the last earthquake, and how much strain was released in the last earthquake. This information is used to calculate the time required for the accumulating strain to build to the level that results in an earthquake. This simple model is so complicated that such detailed information about faults is rare. In the United States, only the San Andreas Fault System has adequate records for using this prediction method. Scientific understanding of earthquakes is of vital importance to the Nation. As the population increases, expanding urban development and construction encroach (侵蚀) upon areas susceptible (易受影响的)to earthquakes. With a greater understanding of the causes and effects of earthquakes, we may be able to reduce damage and loss of life from this destruction. 6．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What an earthquake is like. B．How to predict earthquakes. C．Where earthquakes often happen. D．When a fault is formed. 7．That scientists study the history of large earthquakes in certain areas is to ultimately ________. A．do research on the past frequency of large earthquakes B．estimate the magnitude of similar earthquakes C．forecast the possibilities of similar earthquakes D．judge the specific location of future earthquakes 8．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．There were four magnitude 6 earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay region between1979 and 1989. B．The accumulating strain of the fault to a certain level results in the earthquake. C．About 68 years after 1911, no earthquakes occurred in the San Francisco Bay region. D．The fast increasing population on the earth is the main cause of the earthquake. 9．What is the critical factor of forming a fault? A．The material of rocks. B．The existing time span of the rocks. C．The plate movements around the rocks. D．The amount of strain released in the last earthquake. 10．According to the passage, we can know that the San Andreas Fault System ________. A．has a greater understanding of the causes and effects of earthquakes B．stores much more information about the history of large earthquakes C．offers the potential for doing research on the faults where strain accumulates D．illustrates specifically how rocks along a fault are formed 二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共计45分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 On the dark night of May 5th in the year 1110, the moon slowly disappeared. ____11____ the stars could be clearly seen, the moon couldn’t be seen until nearly daytime. People ____12____ their worries about it, nobody knew what happened. For over 900 years, scientists have been trying to ____13____ what caused the strange event. However, almost ____14____ was able to come up with any ideas. Now scientists have finally found the ___15_____—volcanoes (火山). It happened in Japan’s Mount Asama, from the beginning of September to the end of October in 1108, which lasted nearly two ____16____ . As a result, a lot of ash (灰尘) was produced. It moved ____17____ towards the sky. At last, the ash ____18____ people seeing the moon. But ____19____ did scientists discover this? They looked at the ice ____20____ Greenland and Antarctica. The huge ice was ____21____ to scientific studies. It could ____22____ what the climate (气候) was like a long period of time ago and what was in the air at that time. Scientists noticed that there was more volcanic ash in the ____23____ around May 5th, 1110. Tree rings were also ____24____ in getting the answer. The rings changed with the climate change. Scientists were able to see that the year 1109 was a cold and rainy year and people ____25____ to get enough food. This supported the idea that a volcano had happened. 11．A．Because B．Though C．Unless D．If 12．A．hid B．remained C．explained D．expressed 13．A．find out B．give out C．bring out D．clear out 14．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 15．A．enemy B．answer C．position D．purpose 16．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 17．A．quietly B．certainly C．slowly D．simply 18．A．prevented B．suggested C．kept D．minded 19．A．how B．when C．where D．why 20．A．through B．into C．with D．from 21．A．useful B．dangerous C．strange D．fascinating 22．A．change B．offer C．create D．show 23．A．rain B．snow C．wind D．ice 24．A．meaningless B．helpful C．impossible D．terrible 25．A．refused B．decided C．failed D．forgot 三、书面表达（15分） 近年来，我国遭遇了地震、泥石流、洪水等自然灾害，数百万人受灾，无数的房屋被摧毁。现在，越来越多的人认识到这些灾难多与人类活动有关。那么我们该怎么防范这些自然灾害的发生呢？请以“How to Prevent Natural Disasters”为题写一篇短文。 内容提示： 1.减少砍伐，保护环境；2.提高科学技术；3.你想到的更多方式。 要求： 1.词数80个左右； 2.根据内容提示，把握要点，适当发挥，不要逐字翻译。 How to Prevent Natural Disasters _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·能力提升 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（每小题4分，共计40分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的最佳选项。 A Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they provide him wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent drought (干旱) and floods. Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers. Two thousand years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without its trees, its soil became bare and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country found itself faced by floods and starvation. Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this. They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear. This doesn’t mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. But where there are no trees, the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow. When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert. 1．Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways, the most important of which is that they can _______. A．provide wood B．offer shade C．prevent drought and floods D．make the land rich forever 2．It is a great pity that _______. A．man is only interested in building empires B．man hasn’t realized the importance of trees C．man is eager to profit from trees D．man cut down trees 3．Sooner or later the forests will disappear _______. A．unless a country has a plentiful supply of trees B．unless all people know the importance of planting trees and looking after new trees C．unless the government punishes those who cut down trees instead of planting them D．unless people stop cutting trees for profit 4．The underlined word “bind” means _______. A．to wash away B．to make wet C．to improve D．to make stay together 5．When there is a heavy rain, trees can help to prevent floods as they can _______. A．prevent the soil from being washed away B．make the topsoil stick together C．cause the soil to allow rainwater to sink in D．break the soil up 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了树木对人类的三方面重要作用，并指出人类因过度砍伐树木导致生态破坏的历史教训和现实问题。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they provide him wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent drought and floods. (树木对人类有三方面重要作用：提供木材和其他产品、提供阴凉、帮助防止干旱和洪水。)”以及第二段中“man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. (人类尚未意识到这些作用中的第三个是最为重要的。)”可知，防止干旱和洪水是树木最重要的作用。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers. (不幸的是，在世界上的许多地方，人类尚未意识到这些作用中的第三个是最为重要的。由于急切地想从树木身上快速获利，人类大量砍伐了树木。)”可知，人类没有意识到树木在防止干旱和洪水方面所起到的最重要的作用，这是一件很遗憾的事情。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this. They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear. (即使政府意识到充足的树木供应的重要性，有时也很难让民众认识到这一点。他们砍伐树木，却粗心大意，既不种树也不照料新栽的树木。所以，除非政府有良好的管控体系，或者能够教育民众，否则森林会逐渐消失。)”可知，除非政府有良好的管控体系，或者能够教育民众，让所有人都知道植树和照料新树的重要性，否则森林会逐渐消失。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段中“The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. (其后果甚至更为严重：因为在有树木的地方，它们的根系会使土壤疏松，让雨水渗入，并且固定土壤。这可以防止土壤被冲走。)”可知，树木的根可以使土壤保持在一起，防止土壤被冲走，故划线的单词意为“使保持在一起”。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. (其后果甚至更为严重：因为在有树木的地方，它们的根系会使土壤疏松，让雨水渗入，并且固定土壤。这可以防止土壤被冲走。)”可知，树木通过使土壤疏松，让雨水渗入，进而防止洪水。故选C。 B The goal of earthquake prediction is to give early enough warning. The U.S. Geological Survey conducts and supports research on the likelihood of future earthquakes. Scientists estimate earthquake probabilities in two ways: by studying the history of large earthquakes in a special area and the rate at which strain (拉力) accumulates (积累) in the rock. Scientists study the past frequency of large earthquakes in order to determine the future likelihood of similar large shocks. For example scientists researched the large earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay region during the 75 years between 1836 and 1911. For the next 68 years, no earthquakes of magnitude (震级) 6 or large occurred in the region. Beginning with a magnitude 6 shock in 1979, the earthquakes in the region increased dramatically; between 1979 and 1989, there were four magnitude 6 or greater earthquakes, including a magnitude 7.1 earthquake. So scientists estimated that the probability of a magnitude 6.8 or larger earthquake occurring during the next 30 years in the region is about 67 percent. Another way to predict earthquakes is to study how fast strain accumulates. When plate movements build the strain in rocks to a critical level, like pulling a rubber band too tight, the rocks will suddenly break and slip to a new position. Scientists measure how much strain accumulates along a fault (断层) each year, how much time has passed since the last earthquake, and how much strain was released in the last earthquake. This information is used to calculate the time required for the accumulating strain to build to the level that results in an earthquake. This simple model is so complicated that such detailed information about faults is rare. In the United States, only the San Andreas Fault System has adequate records for using this prediction method. Scientific understanding of earthquakes is of vital importance to the Nation. As the population increases, expanding urban development and construction encroach (侵蚀) upon areas susceptible (易受影响的)to earthquakes. With a greater understanding of the causes and effects of earthquakes, we may be able to reduce damage and loss of life from this destruction. 6．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What an earthquake is like. B．How to predict earthquakes. C．Where earthquakes often happen. D．When a fault is formed. 7．That scientists study the history of large earthquakes in certain areas is to ultimately ________. A．do research on the past frequency of large earthquakes B．estimate the magnitude of similar earthquakes C．forecast the possibilities of similar earthquakes D．judge the specific location of future earthquakes 8．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．There were four magnitude 6 earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay region between1979 and 1989. B．The accumulating strain of the fault to a certain level results in the earthquake. C．About 68 years after 1911, no earthquakes occurred in the San Francisco Bay region. D．The fast increasing population on the earth is the main cause of the earthquake. 9．What is the critical factor of forming a fault? A．The material of rocks. B．The existing time span of the rocks. C．The plate movements around the rocks. D．The amount of strain released in the last earthquake. 10．According to the passage, we can know that the San Andreas Fault System ________. A．has a greater understanding of the causes and effects of earthquakes B．stores much more information about the history of large earthquakes C．offers the potential for doing research on the faults where strain accumulates D．illustrates specifically how rocks along a fault are formed 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过研究历史地震数据和岩石中张力的积累来预测地震的可能性。文章强调了地震预测的重要性以及科学家为此所采取的两种主要方法：一是研究特定地区历史上的大地震频率，二是测量断层沿线张力的积累速度。 6．主旨大意题。根据每一段首句“The goal of earthquake prediction is to give early enough warning. (地震预报的目的是尽早发出预警。)”、“Scientists study the past frequency of large earthquakes in order to determine the future likelihood of similar large shocks. (科学家研究过去大地震的频率，以确定未来发生类似大地震的可能性。)”和“Another way to predict earthquakes is to study how fast strain accumulates. (另一种预测地震的方法是研究张力积累的速度。)”可知，文章主要讲了如何预测地震。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists study the past frequency of large earthquakes in order to determine the future likelihood of similar large shocks. (科学家研究过去大地震的频率，以确定未来发生类似大地震的可能性。)”可知，科学家研究某些区域大地震的历史，最终是要预报类似地震发生的可能性。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段“This information is used to calculate the time required for the accumulating strain to build to the level that results in an earthquake. (这些信息被用来计算累积张力达到导致地震的水平所需的时间。)”可知，断层累计张力达到某个水平时会导致地震。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“When plate movements build the strain in rocks to a critical level, like pulling a rubber band too tight, the rocks will suddenly break and slip to a new position. (当板块运动使岩石的张力达到临界水平时，就像把橡皮筋拉得太紧一样，岩石会突然断裂，滑到一个新的位置。)”可知，岩石板块运动是形成断层的关键因素。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据“In the United States, only the San Andreas Fault System has adequate records for using this prediction method. (在美国，只有圣安德烈亚斯断层系统有使用这种预测方法的充分记录。)”可推断，圣安德烈亚斯断层系统给张力积累的断层研究提供了可能性。故选C。 二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共计45分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出空白处的最佳选项。 On the dark night of May 5th in the year 1110, the moon slowly disappeared. ____11____ the stars could be clearly seen, the moon couldn’t be seen until nearly daytime. People ____12____ their worries about it, nobody knew what happened. For over 900 years, scientists have been trying to ____13____ what caused the strange event. However, almost ____14____ was able to come up with any ideas. Now scientists have finally found the ___15_____—volcanoes (火山). It happened in Japan’s Mount Asama, from the beginning of September to the end of October in 1108, which lasted nearly two ____16____ . As a result, a lot of ash (灰尘) was produced. It moved ____17____ towards the sky. At last, the ash ____18____ people seeing the moon. But ____19____ did scientists discover this? They looked at the ice ____20____ Greenland and Antarctica. The huge ice was ____21____ to scientific studies. It could ____22____ what the climate (气候) was like a long period of time ago and what was in the air at that time. Scientists noticed that there was more volcanic ash in the ____23____ around May 5th, 1110. Tree rings were also ____24____ in getting the answer. The rings changed with the climate change. Scientists were able to see that the year 1109 was a cold and rainy year and people ____25____ to get enough food. This supported the idea that a volcano had happened. 11．A．Because B．Though C．Unless D．If 12．A．hid B．remained C．explained D．expressed 13．A．find out B．give out C．bring out D．clear out 14．A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 15．A．enemy B．answer C．position D．purpose 16．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 17．A．quietly B．certainly C．slowly D．simply 18．A．prevented B．suggested C．kept D．minded 19．A．how B．when C．where D．why 20．A．through B．into C．with D．from 21．A．useful B．dangerous C．strange D．fascinating 22．A．change B．offer C．create D．show 23．A．rain B．snow C．wind D．ice 24．A．meaningless B．helpful C．impossible D．terrible 25．A．refused B．decided C．failed D．forgot 【答案】 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了1110年5月5日的深夜，月亮慢慢消失了，科学家们在多年后找到了原因，并介绍了是如何找出答案的。 【解析】 11．句意：虽然可以清楚地看到星星，但直到接近白天才能看到月亮。 because因为；though虽然；unless除非；if如果。前后两句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 12．句意：人们表达了他们的担忧，没有人知道发生了什么。 hid隐藏；remained剩余；explained解释；expressed表达。根据“their worries about it”可知是人们表达了他们对此事的担忧。故选D。 13．句意：900多年来，科学家们一直在试图找出这一奇怪事件的原因。 find out查明；give out分发；bring out使显现；clear out清理。根据“what caused the strange event”可知科学家查明导致这件事情的原因。故选A。 14．句意：然而，几乎没有人能够想出任何想法。 nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“However, almost...was able to come up with any ideas.”可知是转折词后表示几乎没有人能解释。故选A。 15．句意：现在科学家们终于找到了答案——火山。 enemy敌人；answer答案；position位置；purpose目的。根据“Now scientists have finally found the”可知是科学家找到了这一奇怪事件的答案。故选B。 16．句意：1108年9月初至10月底，它发生在日本的浅间山，持续了近两个月。 days天；weeks周；months月；years年。根据“from the beginning of September to the end of October”可知是大约两个月。故选C。 17．句意：它慢慢地向天空移动。 quietly安静地；certainly当然；slowly慢地；simply简单地。根据“It moved...towards the sky”可知是慢慢地向着天空移动。故选C。 18．句意：最后，火山灰阻止了人们看到月亮。 prevented阻止；suggested建议；kept保持；minded介意。根据“people seeing the moon.”可知火山灰阻止了人们看到月亮，这就导致人们看到月亮消失。故选A。 19．句意：但科学家是如何发现这一点的呢？ how如何；when什么时候；where哪里；why为什么。根据“did scientists discover this”可知是如何发现这一点。故选A。 20．句意：他们观察了格陵兰岛和南极洲的冰层。 through通过；into到里面；with和；from从。根据“the ice...Greenland and Antarctica”可知是来自格陵兰岛和南极洲的冰层。故选D。 21．句意：这块巨大的冰对科学研究很有用。 useful有用的；dangerous危险的；strange奇怪的；fascinating迷人的。根据“to scientific studies”可知是这些冰层对科学研究有用。故选A。 22．句意：它可以显示很久以前的气候以及当时的空气。 change改变；offer提供；create创造；show展示。根据“what the climate(气候) was like a long period of time ago and what was in the air at that time”可知冰层可以展示之前的气候以及当时的空气。故选D。 23．句意：科学家们注意到，1110年5月5日左右，冰中有更多的火山灰。 rain雨；snow雪；wind风；ice冰。根据“They looked at the ice”可知是在冰层中发现了火山灰。故选D。 24．句意：年轮也有助于得到答案。 meaningless无意义的；helpful有帮助的；impossible不可能的；terrible糟糕的。根据“in getting the answer”可知年轮有助于得到答案。故选B。 25．句意：科学家们发现1109年是一个寒冷多雨的年份，人们没有得到足够的食物。 refused拒绝；decided决定；failed失败；forgot忘记。根据“the year 1109 was a cold and rainy year”可知因为寒冷多雨，所以人们未能得到足够的食物，fail to do sth.“未能成功做某事”。故选C。 三、书面表达（15分） 近年来，我国遭遇了地震、泥石流、洪水等自然灾害，数百万人受灾，无数的房屋被摧毁。现在，越来越多的人认识到这些灾难多与人类活动有关。那么我们该怎么防范这些自然灾害的发生呢？请以“How to Prevent Natural Disasters”为题写一篇短文。 内容提示： 1.减少砍伐，保护环境；2.提高科学技术；3.你想到的更多方式。 要求： 1.词数80个左右； 2.根据内容提示，把握要点，适当发挥，不要逐字翻译。 How to Prevent Natural Disasters _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to Prevent Natural Disasters Natural disasters threaten lives, but human actions can reduce their impact. Firstly, protect ecosystems. For example, planting trees prevents soil erosion and floods, while reducing deforestation maintains natural barriers against disasters. Secondly, advance technology. Early warning systems use satellites and sensors to detect hazards like earthquakes, giving people time to evacuate. Finally, boost community resilience. Educate people on emergency plans and conduct regular drills. In a word, by balancing environmental protection, technological innovation, and global collaboration, humanity can reduce disaster risks and build a safer future. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。围绕“如何预防自然灾害”这一主题，从生态保护、科技创新和社区建设三个维度展开论述，旨在呼吁人类通过多层面行动降低灾害风险。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 威胁：threaten→ endanger 减少：reduce→ mitigate 保护：protect→ safeguard 实施：conduct→ implement 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Early warning systems use satellites and sensors to detect hazards like earthquakes, giving people time to evacuate. 拓展句：Early warning systems, which use satellites and sensors to detect hazards like earthquakes, give people time to evacuate. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Natural disasters threaten lives, but human actions can reduce their impact. (运用了but连接的并列句，体现了转折关系) 【高分句型2】For example, planting trees prevents soil erosion and floods, while reducing deforestation maintains natural barriers against disasters. (运用了while引导的并列句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $