精品解析：广东省茂名市高州市2025～2026学年度第二学期高二5月期中质量监测英语试题

高州市2025~2026学年度第二学期高二质量监测 英语 (试卷满分：130分，考试时间：120分钟) 2026.5.12 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号;回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 4.本卷主要命题范围：选择性必修第三册。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four female pioneers from different fields will soon appear on some US coins. Generations to come will look at the coins bearing these designs and be reminded of what can be accomplished with determination and a desire to improve opportunities for all. Anna May Wong Wong was the first Chinese American film star in Hollywood, appearing in more than 60 movies. Her coin shows her resting her head on her hand, surrounded by the round lights of a stage. A film critic once noted that Wong’s performances often carried a sense of longing, as if she was yearning for a Hollywood that fully accepted her. Maya Angelou The late writer and social activist has already received a presidential Medal of Freedom, won a National Book Award, and published more than 30 bestselling poems. Angelou’s coin will show her with her arms lifted, in front of a bird in flight and a rising sun. Those images are inspired by her poetry and symbolic of the way she lived. Scholars analyze that her works frequently explored themes of resilience (恢复) and hope, mirroring her own life journey marked by overcoming hardships. Sally Ride The late astronaut, physicist and educator is best known as the first American woman — and youngest American — to travel to space. After her retirement, she devoted herself to inspiring young people, particularly girls, in science, engineering, technology and math. Her coin design shows her standing next to a window on a spaceship, which is inspired by what she once said. “When I wasn’t working, I was usually at a window looking down at Earth.” Wilma Mankiller Mankiller was the first elected female chief of the Cherokee Nation in 1987, and is celebrated as an activist for Native American and women’s rights. Under her leadership, infant death rate declined and educational levels rose. Mankiller’s coin shows her in a traditional dress in front of the seven-pointed star of the Cherokee Nation. Historians emphasize that her leadership style was both inclusive (包容的) and decisive, bringing about tangible (明确的) changes for her people. 1. What can we infer about Anna May Wong from the passage? A. Her performances lacked emotional depth. B. She was widely accepted by Hollywood from the start. C. She faced challenges in gaining full acceptance in Hollywood. D. She starred in fewer than 50 movies throughout her career. 2. Why are the images of a bird in flight and a rising sun chosen for Maya Angelou’s coin? A. They represent her love for nature. B. They are symbols of her favorite hobbies. C. They were randomly selected by coin designers. D. They reflect the themes in her poetry and her life attitude. 3. Which of the following best describes Wilma Mankiller’s leadership? A. Ineffective in bringing about any changes. B. Focused mainly on economic development. C. Unconcerned with the social welfare of her community. D. Characterized by inclusiveness and the ability to achieve results. B In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4. Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A. They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B. They practiced sailing every single day. C. Australian team made a slow start. D. The wind helped the US team a lot. 5. What can we know about the Australian team? A. They wanted the US to win. B. They did not trust their captain. C. They made no sail adjustment. D. They knew the wind would change again. 6. What advice did the expert give? A. Better later than never. B. Copy the competitor’s move. C. It is never too old to learn and create. D. Trust the captain. 7. What would be the most suitable title for the text? A. The Unpredictable Sea Winds B. A Race Lost at the Last Mile C. America’s Cup Sailing Race D. The Role of Experience in Sailing C A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8. Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A. People who sleep 8 hours every night. B. People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C. People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D. People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9. What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Occurrence. B. Treatment. C. Prevention. D. Cure. 10. What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A. Favourable. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Unconcerned. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B. Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C. Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D. Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. D The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply. Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape. The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues. Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. 12. Why did the students choose to focus on water problems? A. Their teacher forced them to choose this topic. B. Water problems are rare in their hometown. C. Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages. D. They wanted to win an international science competition. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The effects of contaminated water in Karachi. B. The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan. C. The solutions to water problems in Karachi. D. The history of water supply in Pakistan. 14. What problems does Jacksonville face? A. Earthquakes and droughts. B. Floods and hurricanes. C. Volcanic eruptions and storms. D. Sandstorms and water shortages. 15. What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph? A. It is already being used in some cities. B. It will be built in Jacksonville first. C. It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D. It is too expensive for any city to afford. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Poetry, with its rhythmic language and layered meanings, invites readers to explore emotions, ideas, and beauty beyond the literal. To fully engage with a poem, consider these methods to deepen your appreciation and understanding. Read aloud for rhythm and sound ____16____ Read the poem aloud slowly. Notice the rhythm, rhymes, or repeating sounds. For example, Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven uses a tense beat, while Langston Hughes’ Dreams has a gentle flow. Do they sound cheerful, sad, or urgent? The “music” of a poem often mirrors its mood. ____17____ Understanding a poem’s historical, cultural, or biographical context enriches interpretation. It will help you a lot to find out when the poem was written or what the poet’s life was like. But don’t stress — even a quick Google search can add meaning. Accept confusion Poems don’t always have one right explanation. ____18____ Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both a love poem and a joke about clichés (陈词滥调). Discuss with classmates — different views make poems more interesting! Let uncertainty spark curiosity. Connect the poem to your life Let your emotions guide your understanding. If a line reminds you of a personal experience, write down your thoughts or share them with a friend. ____19____ Poetry isn’t just about analysis — it’s about feeling and imagination. Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice — requiring attention to form, context, and personal reflection. As Eliot wrote, poetry “communicates before it is understood”, inviting us to return, rethink, and rediscover its magic endlessly. ____20____ A. Poems are meant to be heard. B. Learn the background of the poem. C. Compare poems by different authors. D. Poetry is alive when it speaks to you. E. Practice memorizing your favorite lines. F. If a line feels puzzling, write down your guesses. G. Grab a poem, read it aloud, and let yourself enjoy the magic of it. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a warm afternoon, my four-year-old son, Wilson, and I headed to the beach, our favourite evening escape. As we collected seashells, I ____21____ perfect ones, while Wilson filled our bucket with broken pieces. When I ____22____ finding whole shells, he simply gave me a (n) ____23____ look and continued picking up whatever he found, ___24___ with his unique collection. Again, I ____25____ , but this time I asked in a(n) ____26____ voice, “Wilson, why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken? ” He looked up at me and said, “Mum, there are more broken shells on the beach than perfect ones. We’ll ____27____ the bucket faster with these broken ones. These shells are broken, but they are still ____28____ . ” He said as he ____29____ for another broken shell. “It ____30____ me of a clown (小丑). This one is round like the sun.” I realised my son was teaching me an important ____31____ . I took out the perfect shells I had collected and ____32____ them back on the beach. Wilson and I walked along, ____33____ only broken shells, and ____34____ their beauty. It reminded us that none of us are perfect, but we all have unique beauty. Now, we collect only broken shells, finding beauty in their ____35____ and learning from them. 21. A. searched for B. stood for C. called for D. applied for 22. A. enjoyed B. suggested C. considered D. involved 23. A. confused B. painful C. awkward D. astonished 24. A. familiar B. strict C. content D. disappointed 25. A. hesitated B. stopped C. adjusted D. appeared 26. A. social B. calm C. firm D. urgent 27. A. drop B. raise C. fill D. strengthen 28. A. beautiful B. wrinkled C. complete D. rare 29. A. looked B. waited C. reached D. longed 30. A. informs B. warns C. accuses D. reminds 31. A. lesson B. skill C. conclusion D. choice 32. A. cut B. threw C. placed D. led 33. A. gathering B. exploring C. spotting D. observing 34. A. describing B. praising C. feeling D. admiring 35. A. conditions B. creations C. expressions D. imperfections 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Born in the Netherlands in 1883, Van Gogh had always been interested in art and tried to work ____36____ a professional painter. His early works ____37____ (characterize) by dark colors until 1886, ____38____ his brother, Theo, invited him to come to live in Paris, where the bright colors of Impressionist art greatly influenced his style. Later, Van Gogh moved to southern France. In 1888, after suffering a mental breakdown, he stayed in a hospital where he painted over 20 versions of ____39____ view from his window, which covered different times and weather conditions, ____40____ (create) only one night view. He wrote to Theo: “This morning I saw the countryside… with nothing but the morning star.” This “star” was actually Venus, which inspired him to create his ____41____ (influence) painting, The Starry Night. The Starry Night (1889) describes a dramatic cypress tree stretching upward like flames, imaginary village scenery, and a swirling sky ____42____ (fill) with celestial bodies. Though unrealistically adding a village, the painting reveals ____43____ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye”. The contrast between quiet darkness and dynamic colors ____44____ (mirror) his complex genius, proving that true art often goes beyond _____45_____ (simple) copying reality. 第三部分 课本基础知识考查(共两节，满分10分) 第一节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据中文提示和首字母填空，或根据括号内同根词填空，每空一词。在答题卡作答时，要填写完整单词才得分。 46. Developments on this issue will be dealt with in a ________ (随后的) report. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. We know that taste of art is a ________ (主观的）matter. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The book is expected to d___________(支配;占有优势) the best - seller lists. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. We went to renew our ________ (month) season ticket. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Having small children means ___________ (restrict) your freedom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. My father’s life work was devoted to the ___________(conserve) of the Longleat estate. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The majority of people around here are d___________ (正派的) people. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. He wants to express his deep ___________ (sympathetic) to the family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. His ___________(commit) has been unquestioned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. If we go to war, ________ (innocence) lives will be put at risk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节 完成句子(共10空;每空0.5分，满分5分) 根据中文提示填空，每空一词。 56. 有一名运动员特别值得表扬。 One player ________ ________ deserves a mention. 57. 他约她出去，却被她拒绝了。 He asked her out, but she _____________ him _____________. 58. 从昨晚开始就一直在下雪。 It has ________ ________ since last night. 59. 这个团队由五名成员组成。 The team is _____________ _____________ of five members. 60. 我必须做的第一件事是完成作业。 The first _____________ _____________ I must do is finish my homework. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 61. 假定你是校学生会主席李华。环境污染问题日益严峻，作为高中生，我们应该为环境保护贡献自己的一份力量，请你用英语写一封倡议书，刊登在校英文报上。 内容包括： 1. 目前环境存在的问题； 2. 环境保护采取的措施； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear schoolmates, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第二节(满分25分) 62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For most people, daily routines form the solid backbone of life, and 78-year-old Charlie Hicks is no exception. For a full decade, he had been a regular fixture at the Shrimp Basket restaurant in Pensacola, Florida. Without fail, he visited the eatery twice each day, ordering his beloved go-to meal: a cup of gumbo (秋葵) served with just a small portion of rice. The restaurant staff, especially chef Donell Stallworth, knew him extremely well. To them, Charlie was far more than a customer — he was like a cherished member of their big family. As Donell later shared with CBS News, Charlie had never skipped a single day. “The moment we unlock the door each morning, Mr. Hicks is right there to greet us warmly,” he recalled. However, an unexpected change took place last September: Charlie suddenly stopped showing up at the restaurant. At the very beginning, the staff assumed he might have gone on a brief trip. But as days rolled by without any trace of him, Donell Stallworth became more and more anxious. He just couldn’t get rid of the unease, fully aware of how consistent Charlie’s daily routine always was. Finally, Donell could no longer hold back his worry. He made up his mind to take a short break from his work shift to check on his old friend. He rushed to Charlie’s house and knocked heavily on the door over and over again, his heart sinking deeper with every passing second as he feared the worst possible outcome. Just as he was about to turn away to call for help, a faint, weak voice came from inside, whispering, “Help.” Donell wasted no time prying (撬) the door open and found Charlie lying motionless on the floor. He felt a sharp wave of terror wash over him, not having the slightest idea how severe Charlie’s condition actually was. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It turned out that Charlie had two broken ribs (肋骨) and was severely dehydrated (脱水的). ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Months later, Charlie finally returned to the Shrimp Basket for his first in-person cup of gumbo. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高州市2025~2026学年度第二学期高二质量监测 英语 (试卷满分：130分，考试时间：120分钟) 2026.5.12 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号;回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 4.本卷主要命题范围：选择性必修第三册。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four female pioneers from different fields will soon appear on some US coins. Generations to come will look at the coins bearing these designs and be reminded of what can be accomplished with determination and a desire to improve opportunities for all. Anna May Wong Wong was the first Chinese American film star in Hollywood, appearing in more than 60 movies. Her coin shows her resting her head on her hand, surrounded by the round lights of a stage. A film critic once noted that Wong’s performances often carried a sense of longing, as if she was yearning for a Hollywood that fully accepted her. Maya Angelou The late writer and social activist has already received a presidential Medal of Freedom, won a National Book Award, and published more than 30 bestselling poems. Angelou’s coin will show her with her arms lifted, in front of a bird in flight and a rising sun. Those images are inspired by her poetry and symbolic of the way she lived. Scholars analyze that her works frequently explored themes of resilience (恢复) and hope, mirroring her own life journey marked by overcoming hardships. Sally Ride The late astronaut, physicist and educator is best known as the first American woman — and youngest American — to travel to space. After her retirement, she devoted herself to inspiring young people, particularly girls, in science, engineering, technology and math. Her coin design shows her standing next to a window on a spaceship, which is inspired by what she once said. “When I wasn’t working, I was usually at a window looking down at Earth.” Wilma Mankiller Mankiller was the first elected female chief of the Cherokee Nation in 1987, and is celebrated as an activist for Native American and women’s rights. Under her leadership, infant death rate declined and educational levels rose. Mankiller’s coin shows her in a traditional dress in front of the seven-pointed star of the Cherokee Nation. Historians emphasize that her leadership style was both inclusive (包容的) and decisive, bringing about tangible (明确的) changes for her people. 1. What can we infer about Anna May Wong from the passage? A. Her performances lacked emotional depth. B. She was widely accepted by Hollywood from the start. C. She faced challenges in gaining full acceptance in Hollywood. D. She starred in fewer than 50 movies throughout her career. 2. Why are the images of a bird in flight and a rising sun chosen for Maya Angelou’s coin? A. They represent her love for nature. B. They are symbols of her favorite hobbies. C. They were randomly selected by coin designers. D. They reflect the themes in her poetry and her life attitude. 3. Which of the following best describes Wilma Mankiller’s leadership? A. Ineffective in bringing about any changes. B. Focused mainly on economic development. C. Unconcerned with the social welfare of her community. D. Characterized by inclusiveness and the ability to achieve results. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四位来自不同领域的美国女性先驱将登上美国硬币，分别介绍了她们的成就及硬币设计所体现的个人特质与贡献。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Anna May Wong部分第二段“A film critic once noted that Wong’s performances often carried a sense of longing, as if she was yearning for a Hollywood that fully accepted her.(一位影评人曾指出，黄柳霜的表演常常带着一种渴望感，仿佛她在期盼一个能完全接纳她的好莱坞)”可知，黄柳霜在好莱坞获得完全接纳的过程中面临挑战。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Maya Angelou部分“Angelou’s coin will show her with her arms lifted, in front of a bird in flight and a rising sun. Those images are inspired by her poetry and symbolic of the way she lived.(安吉洛的硬币上，她双臂高举，身前是一只飞鸟和一轮冉冉升起的太阳。这些意象源于她的诗歌，也象征着她的生活态度)”可知，飞鸟和朝阳的意象反映了她诗歌中的主题和生活态度。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后Wilma Mankiller部分“Historians emphasize that her leadership style was both inclusive (包容的) and decisive, bringing about tangible (明确的) changes for her people.(历史学家强调，她的领导风格既包容又果断，为她的族人带来了切实的改变)”可知，历史学家指出威尔玛的领导风格包容且果断，能带来切实改变，即其领导特点是包容且有能力取得成果。故选D。 B In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4. Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A. They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B. They practiced sailing every single day. C. Australian team made a slow start. D. The wind helped the US team a lot. 5. What can we know about the Australian team? A. They wanted the US to win. B. They did not trust their captain. C. They made no sail adjustment. D. They knew the wind would change again. 6. What advice did the expert give? A. Better later than never. B. Copy the competitor’s move. C. It is never too old to learn and create. D. Trust the captain. 7. What would be the most suitable title for the text? A. The Unpredictable Sea Winds B. A Race Lost at the Last Mile C. America’s Cup Sailing Race D. The Role of Experience in Sailing 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述1986年美洲杯帆船赛，美国队因判断风况失误而失利。专家建议应观察对手行动，不盲目调整帆，以保持领先。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Determined to take back the trophy, the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away.(美国队决心夺回奖杯，筹集了大量资金并招募了顶尖的帆船运动员。他们甚至设计了一艘高速帆船，明确了他们的获胜目标。比赛开始时，美国队立即领先。)”可知，美国队在开始时领先是因为他们有充足的资金、顶尖的帆船运动员和一艘好船。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up.(与此同时，澳大利亚队选择不调整他们的帆，并迅速赶了上来。)”可知，澳大利亚队没有调整他们的帆。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either.(他说，在不确定的情况下，美国队不应该试图准确判断风向。相反，他们应该观察澳大利亚队的行动。如果澳大利亚队不调整他们的帆，美国队也不应该调整。)”可知，专家给出的建议是模仿竞争对手的行动。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，本文主要讲述了在1986年美洲杯帆船赛中，美国队在领先的情况下，由于对风向的错误判断而调整了帆，最终在最后一海里被澳大利亚队超越并输掉了比赛。结合选项可知，B项“A Race Lost at the Last Mile(在最后一海里输掉的比赛)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 C A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8. Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A. People who sleep 8 hours every night. B. People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C. People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D. People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9. What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Occurrence. B. Treatment. C. Prevention. D. Cure. 10. What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A. Favourable. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Unconcerned. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B. Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C. Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D. Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。两项研究证实，周末补觉可降低心脏病等心血管疾病风险，对工作日睡眠不足者保护作用显著，为睡眠不足人群提供心脏健康保障。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived—those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. (这种保护作用在20%被归类为睡眠不足的参与者中最为显著 —— 这些人工作日每晚睡眠不足7小时。)”可知，工作日睡眠不足7小时的人从周末补觉中获益最多。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“A separate NHANES study of 3,400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. (另一项针对3400名美国人的NHANES研究证实了这些发现，表明当工作日睡眠不足6小时时，周末补觉超过2小时与心血管疾病患病prevalence的降低密切相关。)” 可知，“周末补觉超过2小时”与“reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence”存在“密切相关”的关系，结合前文“降低疾病风险”的核心观点，可推断“reduced prevalence”对应“疾病发生概率降低”。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”(俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心的吉姆・刘博士解释了这一机制：“睡眠不足会增加患高血压、肥胖症、心律失常和冠心病的风险。另一方面，补觉可以降低这些风险。”)”可知，吉姆・刘博士通过解释补觉降低患病风险的机制，支持该研究结果，态度是赞同的。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 14-year study of over 90,000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%.(一项为期14年、涉及9万多名成年人的研究在欧洲心脏病学会大会上公布，周末“补觉”可以将心脏病风险降低高达20%。)”及全文围绕该研究展开的验证、机制解释可知，文章核心是“周末补觉能降低心脏病风险”。故选D项。 D The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply. Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape. The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues. Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. 12. Why did the students choose to focus on water problems? A. Their teacher forced them to choose this topic. B. Water problems are rare in their hometown. C. Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages. D. They wanted to win an international science competition. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The effects of contaminated water in Karachi. B. The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan. C. The solutions to water problems in Karachi. D. The history of water supply in Pakistan. 14. What problems does Jacksonville face? A. Earthquakes and droughts. B. Floods and hurricanes. C. Volcanic eruptions and storms. D. Sandstorms and water shortages. 15. What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph? A. It is already being used in some cities. B. It will be built in Jacksonville first. C. It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D. It is too expensive for any city to afford. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了休斯顿中学生团队设计的“Agua Prope”净水城市模型，该模型旨在解决水资源短缺和污染问题。还描述了卡拉奇市严重的水问题及其危害，并说明了该模型的技术特点及面临的挑战，表达了学生对建设净水城市的愿景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. (休斯顿队的许多成员都来自巴基斯坦最大且污染最严重的城市卡拉奇，在那里，水资源短缺和获取清洁水是一个持续存在的问题。)”可知，学生们选择关注水问题是因为他们中的许多人来自一个水资源严重短缺的城市。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. (卡拉奇现在相当落后。与美国不同，很多人都在街上——他们没有水喝，或者喝的是被污染的水。甚至在白天洗澡都很难。卡拉奇政府表示，该市每天的供水量仅为所需水量的一半。卡拉奇水问题的后果令人心碎。联合国儿童基金会报告称，每年有5.3万名儿童死于饮用受污染水引起的腹泻。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了卡拉奇和巴基斯坦水问题的严重性。B选项“The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan.(卡拉奇及巴基斯坦的水资源问题的严重性。)”概括本段主要内容，符合题意。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. (Agua Prope项目位于佛罗里达州的杰克逊维尔，那里的主要问题是风暴潮、飓风和洪水。)”可知，杰克逊维尔面临的问题是洪水和飓风。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. (这种模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施。但学生们表示，他们希望在未来50年内，他们的清洁水城市愿景能够成为现实。)”可知，模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施，以目前的技术还无法建立Agua Prope模型。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Poetry, with its rhythmic language and layered meanings, invites readers to explore emotions, ideas, and beauty beyond the literal. To fully engage with a poem, consider these methods to deepen your appreciation and understanding. Read aloud for rhythm and sound ____16____ Read the poem aloud slowly. Notice the rhythm, rhymes, or repeating sounds. For example, Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven uses a tense beat, while Langston Hughes’ Dreams has a gentle flow. Do they sound cheerful, sad, or urgent? The “music” of a poem often mirrors its mood. ____17____ Understanding a poem’s historical, cultural, or biographical context enriches interpretation. It will help you a lot to find out when the poem was written or what the poet’s life was like. But don’t stress — even a quick Google search can add meaning. Accept confusion Poems don’t always have one right explanation. ____18____ Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both a love poem and a joke about clichés (陈词滥调). Discuss with classmates — different views make poems more interesting! Let uncertainty spark curiosity. Connect the poem to your life Let your emotions guide your understanding. If a line reminds you of a personal experience, write down your thoughts or share them with a friend. ____19____ Poetry isn’t just about analysis — it’s about feeling and imagination. Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice — requiring attention to form, context, and personal reflection. As Eliot wrote, poetry “communicates before it is understood”, inviting us to return, rethink, and rediscover its magic endlessly. ____20____ A. Poems are meant to be heard. B. Learn the background of the poem. C. Compare poems by different authors. D. Poetry is alive when it speaks to you. E. Practice memorizing your favorite lines. F. If a line feels puzzling, write down your guesses. G. Grab a poem, read it aloud, and let yourself enjoy the magic of it. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何深入欣赏和理解诗歌的方法，包括大声朗读感受节奏和声音、了解诗歌的背景、接受诗歌的模糊性、将诗歌与个人生活联系起来等。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Read the poem aloud slowly. Notice the rhythm, rhymes, or repeating sounds. For example, Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven uses a tense beat, while Langston Hughes’ Dreams has a gentle flow. Do they sound cheerful, sad, or urgent? The “music” of a poem often mirrors its mood.(慢慢地大声朗读这首诗。留意它的韵律、韵脚或重复的声音。例如，埃德加・爱伦・坡的《乌鸦》采用了紧张的节拍，而兰斯顿・休斯的《梦想》则有着柔和的节奏。它们听起来是欢快的、悲伤的，还是急切的呢？一首诗的“音乐性”往往反映了它的情感基调。)”可知，下文内容围绕大声朗读诗歌展开。选项A“Poems are meant to be heard.(诗歌就是用来被聆听的。)”强调了诗歌需要被听到，与大声朗读相呼应，符合该段语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 空处为小标题。为本段主要内容。根据下文“Understanding a poem’s historical, cultural, or biographical context enriches interpretation. It will help you a lot to find out when the poem was written or what the poet’s life was like. But don’t stress — even a quick Google search can add meaning.(理解一首诗的历史、文化或作者生平背景可以丰富对它的解读。弄清楚这首诗创作于何时，或者诗人的生活是怎样的，这会对你有很大帮助。但也不必过于紧张——即使只是快速地在谷歌上搜索一下也能增添对诗歌的理解。)”可知，本段主要讲的是了解诗歌的背景知识。选项B“Learn the background of the poem.(了解诗歌的背景)”符合该段主旨，与本段内容相符。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Poems don’t always have one right explanation.(诗歌并不总是只有一个正确的解释。)”以及下文“Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both a love poem and a joke about clichés (陈词滥调).(也许莎士比亚的《十四行诗第18首》既是一首爱情诗，也是对陈词滥调的一种调侃。)”可知，上下文都在说诗歌理解的不确定性。选项F“If a line feels puzzling, write down your guesses.(如果一行诗让你感到困惑，写下你的猜测。)”与接受困惑以及诗歌解释的不确定性相契合，符合上下文语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Let your emotions guide your understanding. If a line reminds you of a personal experience, write down your thoughts or share them with a friend.(让你的情感引导你的理解。如果一行诗让你想起一段个人经历，写下你的想法，或者和朋友分享一下。)”可知，上文强调了诗歌与个人的联系。选项D“Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.(当诗歌与你产生共鸣时，它就是有生命力的。)”进一步说明了诗歌与个人的关联，符合该段语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice — requiring attention to form, context, and personal reflection. As Eliot wrote, poetry “communicates before it is understood”, inviting us to return, rethink, and rediscover its magic endlessly.(欣赏诗歌既是一门艺术，也是一种实践——需要关注诗歌的形式、创作背景以及个人的思考感悟。正如艾略特所写的那样，诗歌“在被理解之前就已经传达了信息”，它邀请我们不断回味、重新思考，并不断重新发现它的魅力。)”可知，上文总结了欣赏诗歌的要点以及诗歌的魅力。选项G“Grab a poem, read it aloud, and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.(拿起一首诗，大声朗读，让自己享受它的魔力。)”呼应了前文提到的欣赏诗歌的方式，同时鼓励读者去体验诗歌的魅力，符合文章结尾的语境。故选G。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a warm afternoon, my four-year-old son, Wilson, and I headed to the beach, our favourite evening escape. As we collected seashells, I ____21____ perfect ones, while Wilson filled our bucket with broken pieces. When I ____22____ finding whole shells, he simply gave me a (n) ____23____ look and continued picking up whatever he found, ___24___ with his unique collection. Again, I ____25____ , but this time I asked in a(n) ____26____ voice, “Wilson, why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken? ” He looked up at me and said, “Mum, there are more broken shells on the beach than perfect ones. We’ll ____27____ the bucket faster with these broken ones. These shells are broken, but they are still ____28____ . ” He said as he ____29____ for another broken shell. “It ____30____ me of a clown (小丑). This one is round like the sun.” I realised my son was teaching me an important ____31____ . I took out the perfect shells I had collected and ____32____ them back on the beach. Wilson and I walked along, ____33____ only broken shells, and ____34____ their beauty. It reminded us that none of us are perfect, but we all have unique beauty. Now, we collect only broken shells, finding beauty in their ____35____ and learning from them. 21. A. searched for B. stood for C. called for D. applied for 22. A. enjoyed B. suggested C. considered D. involved 23. A. confused B. painful C. awkward D. astonished 24. A. familiar B. strict C. content D. disappointed 25. A. hesitated B. stopped C. adjusted D. appeared 26. A. social B. calm C. firm D. urgent 27. A. drop B. raise C. fill D. strengthen 28. A. beautiful B. wrinkled C. complete D. rare 29. A. looked B. waited C. reached D. longed 30. A. informs B. warns C. accuses D. reminds 31. A. lesson B. skill C. conclusion D. choice 32. A. cut B. threw C. placed D. led 33. A. gathering B. exploring C. spotting D. observing 34. A. describing B. praising C. feeling D. admiring 35. A. conditions B. creations C. expressions D. imperfections 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和儿子在海滩捡贝壳时，儿子选择捡破碎贝壳，作者对此感到疑惑，儿子解释后，作者从中领悟到每个人都有独特之美的道理。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们收集贝壳时，我寻找完美的贝壳，而威尔逊则把破碎的贝壳装满我们的桶。A. searched for寻找；B. stood for代表；C. called for要求；D. applied for申请。根据上文“As we collected seashells”和下文“perfect ones”可知，作者在海滩上是在寻找完美的贝壳。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我建议寻找完整的贝壳时，他只是给了我一个困惑的表情，然后继续捡起他找到的任何东西，对他独特的收藏感到满足。A. enjoyed享受；B. suggested建议；C. considered考虑；D. involved涉及。根据下文“Wilson, why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken?”作者问儿子为什么捡破碎的贝壳推测，这里作者是向儿子提出了寻找完整贝壳的建议。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我建议寻找完整的贝壳时，他只是给了我一个困惑的表情，然后继续捡起他找到的任何东西，对他独特的收藏感到满足。A. confused困惑的；B. painful痛苦的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. astonished惊讶的。根据下文“continued picking up whatever he found”可知，儿子对作者的建议不理解，所以应该是给了作者一个困惑的表情，然后继续按自己的方式捡贝壳。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我建议寻找完整的贝壳时，他只是给了我一个困惑的表情，然后继续捡起他找到的任何东西，对他独特的收藏感到满足。A. familiar熟悉的；B. strict严格的；C. content满足的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“continued picking up whatever he found”和下文“unique collection”可知，儿子对自己捡的破碎贝壳很满意，“content” 符合文意。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又一次停下来，但这次我用坚定的声音问：“威尔逊，你为什么一直把破碎的贝壳装满我们的桶呢？”A. hesitated犹豫；B. stopped停止；C. adjusted调整；D. appeared出现。根据下文““Wilson, why do you keep filling our bucket with shells that are broken? ””可知，作者是停下捡贝壳的动作来和儿子说话。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又一次停下来，但这次我用坚定的声音问：“威尔逊，你为什么一直把破碎的贝壳装满我们的桶呢？”A. social社会的；B. calm平静的；C. firm坚定的；D. urgent紧急的。根据前文“Again”可知，这里作者是再次询问儿子，所以应该是用坚定的声音。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看着我说：“妈妈，海滩上破碎的贝壳比完美的贝壳多。用这些破碎的贝壳我们能更快地装满桶。这些贝壳虽然破碎了，但它们仍然很漂亮。”A. drop掉落；B. raise提高；C. fill装满；D. strengthen加强。根据上文“filled our bucket with broken pieces”可知，这里说的是用破碎的贝壳能更快装满桶。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看着我说：“妈妈，海滩上破碎的贝壳比完美的贝壳多。用这些破碎的贝壳我们能更快地装满桶。这些贝壳虽然破碎了，但它们仍然很漂亮。”A. beautiful漂亮的；B. wrinkled有皱纹的；C. complete完整的；D. rare稀有的。根据下文“finding beauty in their”可知，儿子认为破碎的贝壳也有美丽之处。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他边说边伸手去拿另一个破碎的贝壳。A. looked看；B. waited等待；C. reached伸手；D. longed渴望。根据下文“for another broken shell”并结合儿子认为破碎的贝壳也很漂亮可知，儿子是伸手去拿破碎的贝壳。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我想起了一个小丑。A. informs通知；B. warns警告；C. accuses指责；D. reminds提醒，使想起。根据下文“me of a clown (小丑). This one is round like the sun” 可知，儿子拿出来的破碎贝壳让作者想到了小丑。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我的儿子正在给我上重要的一课。A. lesson课，教训；B. skill技能；C. conclusion结论；D. choice选择。根据下文“It reminded us that none of us are perfect, but we all have unique beauty.”作者领悟到的道理可知，儿子的行为给作者上了一课。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出我收集的完美的贝壳，把它们放回海滩上。A. cut切；B. threw扔；C. placed放置；D. led引导。根据下文“them back on the beach”可知，作者是把贝壳放回到海滩上。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊和我沿着海滩走，只收集破碎的贝壳，欣赏它们的美丽。A. gathering收集；B. exploring探索；C. spotting发现；D. observing观察。根据下文“we collect only broken shells”可知，这里是说他们收集破碎的贝壳。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊和我沿着海滩走，只收集破碎的贝壳，欣赏它们的美丽。A. describing描述；B. praising表扬；C. feeling感觉；D. admiring欣赏。根据下文“their beauty”可知，他们是在欣赏贝壳的美丽。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我们只收集破碎的贝壳，在它们的不完美中发现美，并从中学习。A. conditions条件；B. creations创造；C. expressions表达；D. imperfections不完美。根据上文“It reminded us that none of us are perfect, but we all have unique beauty”可知，这里说的是在破碎贝壳的不完美中发现美。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Born in the Netherlands in 1883, Van Gogh had always been interested in art and tried to work ____36____ a professional painter. His early works ____37____ (characterize) by dark colors until 1886, ____38____ his brother, Theo, invited him to come to live in Paris, where the bright colors of Impressionist art greatly influenced his style. Later, Van Gogh moved to southern France. In 1888, after suffering a mental breakdown, he stayed in a hospital where he painted over 20 versions of ____39____ view from his window, which covered different times and weather conditions, ____40____ (create) only one night view. He wrote to Theo: “This morning I saw the countryside… with nothing but the morning star.” This “star” was actually Venus, which inspired him to create his ____41____ (influence) painting, The Starry Night. The Starry Night (1889) describes a dramatic cypress tree stretching upward like flames, imaginary village scenery, and a swirling sky ____42____ (fill) with celestial bodies. Though unrealistically adding a village, the painting reveals ____43____ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye”. The contrast between quiet darkness and dynamic colors ____44____ (mirror) his complex genius, proving that true art often goes beyond _____45_____ (simple) copying reality. 【答案】36. as 37. were characterized 38. when 39. the 40. creating 41. influential 42. filled 43. what 44. mirrors 45. simply 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了梵高的艺术生涯，以及他的名著《星月夜》。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：1883 年梵高出生于荷兰，他一直对艺术感兴趣，并努力成为一名职业画家。“work as...”为固定搭配，意为“作为…… 工作，充当……”。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：直到 1886 年，他早期的作品都以色彩暗沉为特点，这一年他的弟弟西奥邀请他来巴黎生活，在那里印象派艺术明亮的色彩极大地影响了他的风格。空处为主句谓语动词，主语“works”与 “characterize”之间是被动关系，且描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“works”是复数，be 动词用were。故填were characterized。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：直到 1886 年，他早期的作品都以色彩暗沉为特点，这一年他的弟弟西奥邀请他来巴黎生活，在那里印象派艺术明亮的色彩极大地影响了他的风格。此句为定语从句，先行词是“1886”，表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导。故填when。 【39题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：1888 年，在经历了一次精神崩溃后，他住进了一家医院，在那里他画了 20 多个版本从他窗户看到的景色，这些画涵盖了不同的时间和天气状况，只创作了一幅夜景。这里特指从他窗户看到的景色，用定冠词 the。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1888 年，在经历了一次精神崩溃后，他住进了一家医院，在那里他画了 20 多个版本从他窗户看到的景色，这些画涵盖了不同的时间和天气状况，只创作了一幅夜景。前面描述他在医院画画的情况导致了 “只创作了一幅夜景” 这个结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填creating。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这颗 “星星” 实际上是金星，它启发他创作了有影响力的画作《星月夜》。这里修饰名词 “painting”，用形容词，“influence” 的形容词形式是 “influential”，意为“有影响力的”。故influential。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：《星月夜》（1889 年）描绘了一棵引人注目的柏树像火焰一样向上伸展，虚构的乡村景色，以及一个充满天体的旋转天空。“sky”与 “fill”之间是被动关系，即天空被充满，用过去分词作后置定语，“filled with...” 意为“充满……”。故填filled。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：尽管不切实际地添加了一个村庄，但这幅画揭示了梵高通过他的 “心灵之眼” 所感知到的东西。“____ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye” 是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用what引导。故填what。 【44题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：宁静的黑暗与充满活力的色彩之间的对比反映了他复杂的天赋，证明了真正的艺术往往超越简单地复制现实。空处为句子谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“The contrast”是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，mirror 的第三人称单数形式是mirrors。故mirrors。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：宁静的黑暗与充满活力的色彩之间的对比反映了他复杂的天赋，证明了真正的艺术往往超越简单地复制现实。这里修饰动词“copying”，用副词，“simple”的副词形式是“simply”。故填simply。 第三部分 课本基础知识考查(共两节，满分10分) 第一节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据中文提示和首字母填空，或根据括号内同根词填空，每空一词。在答题卡作答时，要填写完整单词才得分。 46. Developments on this issue will be dealt with in a ________ (随后的) report. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】subsequent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：关于这个问题的发展情况将在以后的报告中讨论。根据汉语提示可知，subsequent“随后的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“report”，故填subsequent。 47. We know that taste of art is a ________ (主观的）matter. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】subjective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们知道艺术品味是一个主观问题。根据汉语提示“主观的”可知，空格处应用“subjective”，意为“主观的”，形容词词性，作定语，修饰“matter”。故填subjective。 48. The book is expected to d___________(支配;占有优势) the best - seller lists. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】dominate##ominate 【解析】 【详解】句意：这本书有望在畅销书排行榜上占据主导地位。根据首字母d及中文提示“支配；占有优势”，dominate符合题意。be expected to do sth为固定搭配，意为“有望做某事”，其中to后接动词原形。 49. We went to renew our ________ (month) season ticket. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】monthly 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们去续订了月票。monthly作形容词时表示“每月的”，在句中作定语。 50. Having small children means ___________ (restrict) your freedom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】restricting 【解析】 【详解】句意：有年幼的孩子意味着限制你的自由。mean作“意味着”讲时，后接动名词作宾语，restrict的动名词形式为restricting。 51. My father’s life work was devoted to the ___________(conserve) of the Longleat estate. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】conservation 【解析】 【详解】句意：我父亲毕生致力于朗利特庄园的保护工作。空处作介词to的宾语，且被the修饰，提示词的名词形式conservation“保护”符合题意，不可数。 52. The majority of people around here are d___________ (正派的) people. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】decent##ecent 【解析】 【详解】句意：这周围大多数人都是正派的人。根据首字母d及中文提示“正派的”，decent符合句意，它是形容词，在句中作定语。 53. He wants to express his deep ___________ (sympathetic) to the family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sympathy 【解析】 【详解】句意：他想向这个家庭表达他深深的同情。express one’s sympathy表示“表达某人的同情” ，在句中sympathy作express的宾语。 54. His ___________(commit) has been unquestioned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】commitment 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的奉献毋庸置疑。空处作主语，且被his修饰，提示词的名词形式commitment“奉献”符合，不可数。 55. If we go to war, ________ (innocence) lives will be put at risk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】innocent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命将面临危险。空格处用形容词作定语，innocence的形容词是innocent，意为“无辜的”，故填innocent。 第二节 完成句子(共10空;每空0.5分，满分5分) 根据中文提示填空，每空一词。 56. 有一名运动员特别值得表扬。 One player ________ ________ deserves a mention. 【答案】 ①. in ②. particular 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。“特别地”为in particular作状语。故填in particular。 57. 他约她出去，却被她拒绝了。 He asked her out, but she _____________ him _____________. 【答案】 ①. turned ②. down 【解析】 【详解】“拒绝某人”可用动词短语turn sb. down，作分句谓语，由前面的asked可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态，因此turn应用过去式turned。 58. 从昨晚开始就一直在下雪。 It has ________ ________ since last night. 【答案】 ①. been ②. snowing 【解析】 【详解】since last night表示从昨晚开始一直持续到现在的时间段，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且可能还在进行，符合现在完成进行时的用法，其结构为“have/has been + 现在分词”，snow的现在分词是snowing。 59. 这个团队由五名成员组成。 The team is _____________ _____________ of five members. 【答案】 ①. made ②. up 【解析】 【详解】be made up of...是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。 60. 我必须做的第一件事是完成作业。 The first _____________ _____________ I must do is finish my homework. 【答案】 ①. thing ②. that 【解析】 【详解】表示“第一件事情”用the first thing，“I must do”是修饰thing的定语从句，从句缺宾语，且先行词thing被the first修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 61. 假定你是校学生会主席李华。环境污染问题日益严峻，作为高中生，我们应该为环境保护贡献自己的一份力量，请你用英语写一封倡议书，刊登在校英文报上。 内容包括： 1. 目前环境存在的问题； 2. 环境保护采取的措施； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear schoolmates, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear schoolmates, With the rapid development of society, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. For example, the air is heavily polluted and rivers are filled with waste, which poses a great threat to our health. As high school students, it is our duty to make a contribution to environmental protection. First, we should go to school by bike or on foot instead of taking cars. Second, we’d better use reusable bags when shopping to reduce white pollution. Besides, planting more trees is also a good choice. Let’s take action right now! Only when everyone joins in can we build a beautiful and green world. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以校学生会主席李华的身份，在校英文报上写一封倡议书，针对日益严峻的环境污染问题，说明目前环境存在的问题，提出高中生可采取的环保措施，并发出环保倡议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 责任：duty → responsibility 可重复使用的：reusable → recyclable 减少：reduce → cut down 建设：build→ establish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the rapid development of society, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. 拓展句：As society develops rapidly, environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, the air is heavily polluted and rivers are filled with waste, which poses a great threat to our health.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only when everyone joins in can we build a beautiful and green world.（运用了“only+状语”位于句首引出的部分倒装结构） 第二节(满分25分) 62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For most people, daily routines form the solid backbone of life, and 78-year-old Charlie Hicks is no exception. For a full decade, he had been a regular fixture at the Shrimp Basket restaurant in Pensacola, Florida. Without fail, he visited the eatery twice each day, ordering his beloved go-to meal: a cup of gumbo (秋葵) served with just a small portion of rice. The restaurant staff, especially chef Donell Stallworth, knew him extremely well. To them, Charlie was far more than a customer — he was like a cherished member of their big family. As Donell later shared with CBS News, Charlie had never skipped a single day. “The moment we unlock the door each morning, Mr. Hicks is right there to greet us warmly,” he recalled. However, an unexpected change took place last September: Charlie suddenly stopped showing up at the restaurant. At the very beginning, the staff assumed he might have gone on a brief trip. But as days rolled by without any trace of him, Donell Stallworth became more and more anxious. He just couldn’t get rid of the unease, fully aware of how consistent Charlie’s daily routine always was. Finally, Donell could no longer hold back his worry. He made up his mind to take a short break from his work shift to check on his old friend. He rushed to Charlie’s house and knocked heavily on the door over and over again, his heart sinking deeper with every passing second as he feared the worst possible outcome. Just as he was about to turn away to call for help, a faint, weak voice came from inside, whispering, “Help.” Donell wasted no time prying (撬) the door open and found Charlie lying motionless on the floor. He felt a sharp wave of terror wash over him, not having the slightest idea how severe Charlie’s condition actually was. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It turned out that Charlie had two broken ribs (肋骨) and was severely dehydrated (脱水的). ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Months later, Charlie finally returned to the Shrimp Basket for his first in-person cup of gumbo. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 It turned out that Charlie had two broken ribs (肋骨) and was severely dehydrated (脱水的). He had fallen at home a few days before and couldn't move to call for help, surviving only on a little water. Donell immediately called an ambulance, staying by Charlie’s side until it arrived, holding his hand and comforting him softly. The restaurant staff took turns visiting Charlie in the hospital, bringing him small gifts and his favorite gumbo when he could eat. Their care made the lonely old man feel the warmth of a big family, helping him recover quickly with hope and joy. Months later, Charlie finally returned to the Shrimp Basket for his first in-person cup of gumbo. The moment he walked in, the whole restaurant burst into warm cheers. Donell rushed over and gave him a tight hug, his eyes filled with joy. Charlie sat at his usual seat, and the familiar gumbo was served right away. He took a slow sip, a big smile spreading across his face. "This tastes just like home," he said softly. From then on, Charlie was back to his daily routine, and the restaurant felt complete again — for he was not just a customer, but a beloved family member they would always care for. 【解析】 【导语】本文以餐厅为线索，讲述了查理十年来每日都会两次光顾餐厅，点上一碗秋葵汤配米饭，成为餐厅员工心中珍贵的家人，主厨唐奈尔更是对他十分熟悉；去年九月查理突然不再出现，唐奈尔内心满是不安，最终放下工作前往查理家中查看，竟发现查理躺在地上动弹不得，内心被恐惧笼罩的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“原来查理断了两根肋骨，还严重脱水。”可知，本段可描述查理的遭遇与餐厅员工的暖心照料。 ② 由第二段首句“几个月后，查理终于回到了Shrimp Basket餐厅，亲自喝上了第一碗秋葵汤。”可知，本段可描述查理回归的温暖场景与餐厅人员表现。 2. 续写线索：查理受伤脱水——唐奈尔叫救护车并全程陪伴——餐厅员工轮流探病、送秋葵汤——查理在关怀中快速康复——数月后查理回归餐厅，全员欢呼——唐奈尔与查理拥抱，查理喝到熟悉的秋葵汤——查理感慨味道如家，恢复日常 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①. 陪伴：stay by/ accompany ②. 探望：visit/ call on ③. 康复：recover/ get well ④. 拥抱：give a hug/ embrace 情感类 ①. 温暖：warmth/ kindness ②. 喜悦的：joy/ happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He had fallen at home a few days before and couldn't move to call for help, surviving only on a little water.（运用现在分词短语surviving only on a little water作伴随状语） [高分句型2]. The moment he walked in, the whole restaurant burst into warm cheers.（运用the moment引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $