考前押题02 所给单词适当形式填空（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语词形转换核心考点，通过8大模块分层训练，强化语境中单词适当形式应用能力，提升语言理解与表达的精准性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |动词不定式|15题|考查固定搭配（remind to do等）及非谓语用法|从基础词类到语法功能，覆盖词法核心| |反身代词|10题|人称代词反身形式在语境中的应用|递进式呈现词形转换逻辑| |时态|15题|过去进行时、现在完成时等时态辨析|结合语境考查语法规则运用| |名词|15题|动词/形容词名词化（develop→development）|体现词类转换的语法关联| |形容词、副词|20题|原级/比较级/最高级及词性转换|覆盖词形变化核心考法| |代词|10题|人称代词、不定代词等用法|基础词法到语境应用的过渡| |数词|10题|基数词/序数词及固定搭配|词法细节的精准训练| |构词法|5题|词性转换（safe→safety）|词形变化的综合应用|

考前押题02 所给单词适当形式填空 考点1 动词不定式 考点2 反身代词 考点3 时态 考点4 名词 考点5 形容词、副词 考点 6 代词 考点 7 数词 考点 8 构词法 考点1 动词不定式 1．Our teacher reminds us ________（take）enough water when we go hiking. 2．The children’s poor living conditions also reminded me ________ (not waste) what we own. 3．She often saw the students ________ (share) one book in the small classroom. 4．________ (learn) more about the city, you can visit it and enjoy the local culture. 5．We students should learn how ________ (make) our dreams come true. 6．Why do people still risk their lives ________ (climb) the highest mountain in the world? 7．Although the matter was difficult, he managed ________ (solve) it. 8．I refused ________ (go) camping with Lucy, because I need to study for the English exam. 9．The terrible noise made the little dog ________ (jump) up and down. It was so scared. 10．Sally’s dad worked overtime every day only ________ (pay) for her piano lessons. 11．With the help of the speech, we all manage _________ (know) Gulliver better. 12．What we should pay attention to ________(pass)the English exam? 13．His parents don’t allow him ________ (hang) out with his friends. 14．Our teacher reminded us ________ (not talk) in the library. 15．The teacher warned us not ________ (swim) without life jackets in the river because it’s dangerous. 考点2 反身代词 1．Spring breaks (春假) provide us a good chance to enjoy ________. (we) 2．The idea ________ is not bad, but the way to carry it out needs to be improved. (it) 3．The little boy is old enough to dress ________ (he) now. 4．He hurt ________ (him) when he fell off the bike yesterday. 5．How do we take care of ________ (we) ? 6．The children enjoyed _________ (them) during the Spring Festival. 7．She has no choice but to take action to protect ________ (she). 8．We can understand others better after we put ________ in their shoes. (we) 9．Be careful with the knife! Don’t cut ________ (you). 10．Help ________ to some chicken soup, children. (you) 考点3 时态 1．When you called last night, I ________ (not sleep) even though it was very late. I was still at my desk doing my homework because the next day there was a big test. 2．She ________ (lie) on the grass when it started to rain. 3．My grandmother ________ (wave) at us when she saw us. 4．They ________ (play) football at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 5．He ________ (call) his mother when the alarm went off. 6．The children ________ (play) in the yard while it was raining lightly. 7．—May I borrow your bike? —I’m afraid not. I ________ (lend) it to Andy. 8．The city ________(make)great efforts to improve people’s living conditions in recent years. 9．Last month, I ________ (borrow) a science fiction novel from the city library. 10．Since the guide ________ (explain) the rules many times, we will not say them again. 11．— Look! Somebody ________ (clean) the classroom. — Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it. 12．I’ve just ________ (finish) my homework. 13．In recent years, a growing number of Americans ________ (realize) that Chinese learning is a must. 14．They ________ (not finish) their reading project yet. 15．Have you ever ________ (read) a book by Charles Dickens? 考点4 名词 1．With the ________ (develop) of economy, our country is growing stronger and stronger. 2．Our teacher asked us to write a ________ (describe) of our favorite parks. 3．His mother couldn’t control her ________ (angry) when she saw the mess in the dining room. 4．I have a terrible ________ (teeth) and can’t eat anything cold or hot these days. 5．Before leaving the kitchen, make sure the gas is turned off for your ________. (safe) 6．Think carefully before you make an important ________ (decide). 7．With the ________ of science and technology, our life is becoming more and more convenient. (develop) 8．We were all surprised at the news of the young scientist’s ________. No one could believe it. (die) 9．What is the _________ (deep) of the water under the boat? 10．The monument was built in memory of the ________ (hero) that died in World War II. 11．Different ________ (culture) have different rules. 12．The ________ (introduce) of a writer can help us better understand his works. 13．The ________ (introduce) of the new policy has led to a heated debate. 14．They have many interesting life ________ (experience) to share with us. 15．From this special experience, he learns the ________ (important) of honesty. 考点5 形容词、副词 1．________ (lucky), no one got hurt in the sudden accident in our neighborhood. 2．The Great Wall is one of ________ (great) man-made wonders in the world. 3．We chatted after class one day and I realized that he was ________ (surprising) nice. 4．She waited ________ for her turn to speak in front of the whole class. (nervous) 5．He made a few mistakes in his homework. He was seldom that ________. (care) 6．People on the street looked ________ when they saw the traffic accident. (shock) 7．Tony can see the blackboard ________ (clear) with his new glasses than before. 8．The park is ________ (beautiful) in our city. 9．You shouldn’t say ________ (hurt) things to your mother. 10．The whole family had a ________ dinner together on New Year’s Eve. (joy) 11．The new stone bridge in our village is much ________ (wide) than the old one. 12．When I saw so many places of interest, I ________ (simple) couldn’t believe my eyes. 13．Going out alone late at night really is ________ (safe) for teenagers. 14．The typhoon was one of the ________ (bad) disasters in our city’s history. 15．Learning about customs is ________ (help) for us. 16．It’s ________ (usual) to ask a woman’s age abroad. 17．She has moved to an apartment downtown ________ (recent), closer to her workplace 18．We all admire the scientist who is ________ (success) in space research. 19．After practising for a long time, the team finished the difficult task _________ (successful). 20．The young writer is so ________ (talent) that his works are popular all over the country. 考点6 代词 1．Lucy was asked to take some money and medicine with ________ (she) before the school trip. 2．Dear parents, you should allow children to share their opinions, even though sometimes they are different from ________ (you). 3．Do you know ________ (something) about the Nobel Prize? 4．He taught ________ (he) French by reading lots of books. 5．________ (everybody) believed he could win, but he did. 6．You have a fever. You should take ________ (you) temperature. 7．After a whole day’s work in the field, Henry felt tired but very proud of _________. (he) 8．“Help ________ (yourself) to some fish, boys and girls,” he said. 9．As far as ________ (me) know, this book is very popular among teenagers. 10．I wonder how the little boy opened the locked box by ________ (he). 考点7 数词 1．Pay attention to what I am saying because I won’t explain it a ________ (two) time. 2．Though my father is in his ________ (40), he made up his mind to learn a new language. 3．I decided to use the ________ model I made for the competition. (twelve) 4．Though they failed four times, they wanted to have a ________ try. (five) 5．They are going to celebrate their mother’s ________ birthday this Saturday. (forty) 6．Nowadays, more and more young people get married in their ________. (thirty) 7．The Children’s Day is in the ________ (six) month of a year. 8．Ronaldo, the great Brazilian soccer player, played for his ________ (one) national team when he was 17 years old. 9．________ (hundred) of people lost their lives during the war. 10．There are ________ of stars that twinkle like tiny lights in the night sky. (billion) 考点8 构词法 1．This program is ________ (main) about how to cook. My mom likes it very much. 2．Mr. Wang always says ________ is the most important thing. (safe) 3．We shouldn’t laugh at the ________ (able), we should help them. 4．The film is very ________ (amaze). 5．It’s ________ (danger) to tell strangers your address. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 所给单词适当形式填空 考点1 动词不定式 考点2 反身代词 考点3 时态 考点4 名词 考点5 形容词、副词 考点 6 代词 考点 7 数词 考点 8 构词法 考点1 动词不定式 1． to take 2． not to waste 3．share 4．To learn 5．to make 6．to climb 7．to solve 8．to go 9．jump 10．to pay 11．to know 12．to pass 13．to hang 14．not to talk 15．to swim 考点2 反身代词 1．ourselves 2．itself 3．himself 4．himself 5．ourselves 6．themselves 7．herself 8．ourselves 9．yourself 10．yourselves 考点3 时态 1．wasn’t sleeping/was not sleeping 2．was lying 3．was waving 4．were playing 5．was calling 6．were playing 7．have lent 8．has made 9．borrowed 10．has explained 11．has cleaned 12．finished 13．have realized 14．haven’t finished 15．read 考点4 名词 1．development 2．description 3．anger 4．toothache 5．safety 6．decision 7．development 8．death 9．depth 10．heroes 11．cultures 12．introduction 13．introduction 14．experiences 15．importance 考点5 形容词、副词 1．Luckily 2．the greatest 3．surprisingly 4．nervously 5．careless 6．shocked 7．more clearly 8．the most beautiful 9．hurtful 10．joyful 11．wider 12．simply 13．unsafe 14．worst 15．helpful 16．unusual 17．recently 18．successful 19．successfully 20．talented 考点6 代词 1．her 2．yours 3．anything 4．himself 5．Nobody 6．your 7．himself 8．yourselves 9．I 10．himself 考点7 数词 1．second 2．forties 3．twelfth 4．fifth 5．fortieth 6．thirties 7．sixth 8．first 9．Hundreds 10．billions 考点8 构词法 1．mainly 2．safety 3．disabled 4．amazing 5．dangerous 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 所给单词适当形式填空 考点1 动词不定式 考点2 反身代词 考点3 时态 考点4 名词 考点5 形容词、副词 考点 6 代词 考点 7 数词 考点 8 构词法 考点1 动词不定式 1．Our teacher reminds us ________（take）enough water when we go hiking. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：当我们去徒步旅行时，我们的老师提醒我们带足够的水。根据句意，remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做某事，所以这里需要填动词不定式，故填to take。 2．The children’s poor living conditions also reminded me ________ (not waste) what we own. 【答案】not to waste 【详解】句意：孩子们艰苦的生活条件也提醒我不要浪费我们所拥有的东西。固定搭配“remind sb. not to do sth.”表示“提醒某人不要做某事”，动词不定式来补充宾语“me”的动作，符合句意，故填not to waste。 3．She often saw the students ________ (share) one book in the small classroom. 【答案】share 【详解】句意：她经常看到学生们在那间小教室里共看一本书。share“分享；共用”，是动词。句中“saw”为感官动词，后接宾语补足语时可用“see sb. do sth.”结构，表示“看到某人做了某事（强调全过程）”，此处用动词原形share，意为“分享；共用”。 4．________ (learn) more about the city, you can visit it and enjoy the local culture. 【答案】To learn 【详解】句意：为了更多地了解这座城市，你可以去参观并享受当地文化。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”，且位于句首首字母大写。故填To learn。 5．We students should learn how ________ (make) our dreams come true. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我们学生应该学会如何实现我们的梦想。句中“how”后需接动词不定式，构成“how to do sth.”的固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，make our dreams come true意为“实现我们的梦想”，故填to make。 6．Why do people still risk their lives ________ (climb) the highest mountain in the world? 【答案】to climb 【详解】句意：为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险攀登世界上最高的山峰？句中“risk one’s life to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“冒着生命危险做某事”，因此动词“climb”需用不定式形式to climb。 7．Although the matter was difficult, he managed ________ (solve) it. 【答案】to solve 【详解】句意：虽然这件事很难，但他还是设法解决了它。solve“解决”，句中manage是动词，意为“设法完成；努力做到”，其固定搭配为manage to do sth.，意为“设法做成某事”，因此需要用solve的不定式形式to solve。 8．I refused ________ (go) camping with Lucy, because I need to study for the English exam. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：我拒绝了和露西一起去野营，因为我需要为英语考试而学习。动词refuse后通常接不定式，构成refuse to do sth.，意为“拒绝做某事”。因此填to go。 9．The terrible noise made the little dog ________ (jump) up and down. It was so scared. 【答案】jump 【详解】句意：那可怕的噪音使小狗上蹿下跳。它非常害怕。根据“made”可知，此处使用动词原形jump，make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，make为使役动词，后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 10．Sally’s dad worked overtime every day only ________ (pay) for her piano lessons. 【答案】to pay 【详解】句意：Sally的爸爸每天加班只是为了支付她的钢琴课费用。句中“only…(pay) for her piano lessons”表示目的，“only to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“只是为了做某事”，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to pay。 11．With the help of the speech, we all manage _________ (know) Gulliver better. 【答案】to know 【详解】句意：通过这次演讲，我们都更加了解格列佛。动词manage的固定用法是manage to do sth，意思是“设法做成某事”，需要用动词不定式作manage的宾语，因此填know的动词不定式形式to know。 12．What we should pay attention to ________(pass)the English exam? 【答案】to pass 【详解】句意：为了通过英语考试，我们应该注意些什么？ 本句中“What we should pay attention to”在疑问句中作宾语，句中已有谓语相关的逻辑结构，括号内的pass在这里表示目的，即“为了通过考试”，需要用动词不定式作目的状语。 13．His parents don’t allow him ________ (hang) out with his friends. 【答案】to hang 【详解】句意：他的父母不允许他和朋友们出去玩。“allow sb. to do sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to hang。 14．Our teacher reminded us ________ (not talk) in the library. 【答案】not to talk 【详解】句意：老师提醒我们不要在图书馆里讲话。remind sb not to do sth“提醒某人不要做某事”，固定搭配，空处用不定式否定结构。 15．The teacher warned us not ________ (swim) without life jackets in the river because it’s dangerous. 【答案】to swim 【详解】句意：老师警告我们不要不穿救生衣下河游泳，因为这十分危险。此处使用搭配warn sb. not to do sth.，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，因此填入不定式结构to swim。 考点2 反身代词 1．Spring breaks (春假) provide us a good chance to enjoy ________. (we) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：春假给我们提供了一个享受我们自己的好机会。句中“enjoy”后通常接反身代词构成固定短语“enjoy oneself”，意为“过得愉快、玩得开心”。故填ourselves。 2．The idea ________ is not bad, but the way to carry it out needs to be improved. (it) 【答案】itself 【详解】句意：这个想法本身不错，但实施方式有待改进。此处用反身代词作同位语，用来加强语气，指代主语the idea，it的反身代词是itself。 3．The little boy is old enough to dress ________ (he) now. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：这个小男孩现在足够大了，可以自己穿衣服了。he“他”，句中“dress oneself”是固定搭配，意为“给自己穿衣服”，需要用反身代词，he的反身代词是himself，意为“他自己”。 4．He hurt ________ (him) when he fell off the bike yesterday. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：昨天他从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。句中主语为he，动作hurt作用于主语自身，需使用反身代词。him对应的反身代词为himself。 5．How do we take care of ________ (we) ? 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们如何照顾自己？句子主语是we，当宾语和主语指代同一对象时，需要使用反身代词，we对应的反身代词是ourselves。 6．The children enjoyed _________ (them) during the Spring Festival. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们春节玩得很开心。enjoy oneself是固定搭配，意为“玩得开心”，主语The children是复数，对应的反身代词为themselves。 7．She has no choice but to take action to protect ________ (she). 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：她别无选择只能采取行动保护她自己。句中动词protect是及物动词，结合句意可知，需要将人称代词she转换成反身代词herself作宾语。 8．We can understand others better after we put ________ in their shoes. (we) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：如果我们站在他们的角度（设身处地），就能更好地理解他人。固定搭配put oneself in one’s shoes意为“设身处地”，主语是we，此处用反身代词ourselves。 9．Be careful with the knife! Don’t cut ________ (you). 【答案】yourself 【详解】句意：小心那把刀！别割到你自己。句子为祈使句，隐含主语是“you”，动词“cut”意为“割伤”，是及物动词，后面需要接宾语；当动作的承受者是主语自己时，应使用反身代词。主语“you”对应的反身代词是“yourself”，表示“你自己”。故填yourself。 10．Help ________ to some chicken soup, children. (you) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，请随便喝些鸡汤。所给词“you”意为“你/你们”。此处是固定句型“Help oneself to sth.”，意为“随便吃/喝某物”。根据后面的呼语“children”可知，是对多个孩子说话，因此反身代词要用复数形式。you的复数反身代词是yourselves。 考点3 时态 1．When you called last night, I ________ (not sleep) even though it was very late. I was still at my desk doing my homework because the next day there was a big test. 【答案】wasn’t sleeping/was not sleeping 【详解】句意：昨晚你打电话时，虽然天色已晚，我那时并没有在睡觉。我还在伏案写作业，因为第二天有一场大型考试。句中“When you called last night”为过去具体时间点，提示此处强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词，主语为I，be动词用was，否定形式直接在was后加not，was not可缩写为wasn’t，sleep的现在分词为sleeping。 2．She ________ (lie) on the grass when it started to rain. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：下雨时她正躺在草地上。when引导时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语She为单数，结构用“was+现在分词”，lie“躺”，其现在分词为lying。 3．My grandmother ________ (wave) at us when she saw us. 【答案】was waving 【详解】句意：当奶奶看到我们时，她正在向我们挥手。句中“when she saw us”表明主句强调的是过去某一时刻正发生的动作，应用过去进行时was/were+现在分词，主语是单数，be用was，wave的现在分词形式为waving。 4．They ________ (play) football at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：昨天下午四点钟他们正在踢足球。时间状语“at 4:00 yesterday afternoon”表示过去某个具体时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“They”为复数，故填were playing。 5．He ________ (call) his mother when the alarm went off. 【答案】was calling 【详解】句意：他正在给他妈妈打电话，这时突然警报响了。when引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时went off（瞬间动词），主句用过去进行时“was calling”表示正在进行的动作被突然打断。 6．The children ________ (play) in the yard while it was raining lightly. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：雨轻轻地下着，孩子们正在院子里玩耍。while引导的时间状语从句用了“was raining（过去进行时）”，表示两个持续性动作同时进行，另一个动作同样使用过去进行时。 7．—May I borrow your bike? —I’m afraid not. I ________ (lend) it to Andy. 【答案】have lent 【详解】句意：我可以借你的自行车吗？——恐怕不行。我已经把它借给安迪了。句中强调“借出”这个过去动作对现在造成的影响（自行车现在不在我这里，无法再借给你），需用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语为第一人称单数I，助动词用have；lend的过去分词为lent，故填have lent。 8．The city ________(make)great efforts to improve people’s living conditions in recent years. 【答案】has made 【详解】句意：近年来，这座城市为改善人民的生活条件做出了巨大努力。make“做出”，是动词，由时间状语“in recent years（近年来）”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”。主语“the city”为第三人称单数，所以助动词应用has，动词make的过去分词为made。 9．Last month, I ________ (borrow) a science fiction novel from the city library. 【答案】borrowed 【详解】句意：上个月，我从市图书馆借了一本科幻小说。borrow“借”，动词。句中时间状语“Last month（上个月）”表示过去的时间，句子需用一般过去时，borrow的过去式是borrowed。 10．Since the guide ________ (explain) the rules many times, we will not say them again. 【答案】has explained 【详解】句意：既然导游已经将这些规则解释多遍了，我们就不再说了。句中many times需要完成时来强调过去重复动作对现在的影响；since表示“既然”时，可以根据句意灵活选用时态，此处用现在完成时最为恰当。 11．— Look! Somebody ________ (clean) the classroom. — Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it. 【答案】has cleaned 【详解】句意：—— 看！有人已经把教室打扫干净了。 ——嗯，不是我干的。我没有做。答语“Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.”可知，有人已经打扫教室了，因此用现在完成时，主语somebody是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式has cleaned。 12．I’ve just ________ (finish) my homework. 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：我刚刚完成了我的作业。“have just”提示此处需用现在完成时，结构为“have + 过去分词”。“finish”的过去分词为“finished”。 13．In recent years, a growing number of Americans ________ (realize) that Chinese learning is a must. 【答案】have realized 【详解】句意：近年来，越来越多的美国人意识到学习中文是必不可少的。时间状语“In recent years”是现在完成时的典型时间标志，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。句子主语“a growing number of Americans”是复数，所以助动词用have，realize的过去分词是realized，故填have realized。 14．They ________ (not finish) their reading project yet. 【答案】haven’t finished 【详解】句意：他们还没有完成他们的阅读项目。“yet”是现在完成时的标志性副词，常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示动作从过去持续到现在还未完成。现在完成时的否定结构是“have/has not + 过去分词”，句子主语“they”是复数，助动词用“have”，“have not”可缩写为“haven’t”，“finish”的过去分词是“finished”，所以答案是“haven’t finished”。 15．Have you ever ________ (read) a book by Charles Dickens? 【答案】read 【详解】句意：你曾经读过查尔斯·狄更斯的书吗？句中“Have you ever”为现在完成时的标志，提示谓语动词应用过去分词形式。read的过去分词与原形相同，均为read。 考点4 名词 1．With the ________ (develop) of economy, our country is growing stronger and stronger. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：随着经济的发展，我们的国家变得越来越强大。根据“the”及“of economy”提示，需填名词作介词with的宾语。“develop”为动词，其名词形式development“发展”为不可数名词。 2．Our teacher asked us to write a ________ (describe) of our favorite parks. 【答案】description 【详解】句意：老师让我们写一篇关于我们最喜欢的公园的描述。空格前有不定冠词“a”，后接名词。所给词“describe”是动词，其名词形式为description，描述。 3．His mother couldn’t control her ________ (angry) when she saw the mess in the dining room. 【答案】anger 【详解】句意：当他妈妈看到餐厅里的一片狼藉时，她控制不住自己的愤怒。句中形容词性物主代词her后需要接名词作宾语，形容词angry的名词形式为anger，意为“愤怒”。 4．I have a terrible ________ (teeth) and can’t eat anything cold or hot these days. 【答案】toothache 【详解】句意：我牙痛得厉害，这些天不能吃冷的或热的东西。括号内给出的单词为teeth，是名词复数，意为“牙齿”。have a toothache意为“牙痛”，此处用单数形式toothache，符合语法结构与语境要求。 5．Before leaving the kitchen, make sure the gas is turned off for your ________. (safe) 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：离开厨房前，确保煤气已关，为了你的安全。空格前为your，需填名词。safe的名词形式为safety，意为“安全”。 6．Think carefully before you make an important ________ (decide). 【答案】decision 【详解】句意：在做出重要决定之前，请仔细考虑。decide“决定”，动词，位于形容词之后，使用其名词形式decision；make a decision是固定搭配，意为“做决定”。 7．With the ________ of science and technology, our life is becoming more and more convenient. (develop) 【答案】development 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便捷。根据“the”及“of science and technology”提示，需填名词作介词with的宾语。develop的名词形式是development“发展”，为不可数名词。 8．We were all surprised at the news of the young scientist’s ________. No one could believe it. (die) 【答案】death 【详解】句意：听到那位年轻科学家去世的消息，我们都很惊讶。没人能相信。名词所有格“scientist’s”后需接名词作宾语。“die”的名词形式为“death”，意为“死亡”。 9．What is the _________ (deep) of the water under the boat? 【答案】depth 【详解】句意：船底下的水有多深？句中定冠词the和介词of之间需要填入名词。deep是形容词，意为“深的”，其名词形式为depth，意为“深度”，符合语境和语法要求。 10．The monument was built in memory of the ________ (hero) that died in World War II. 【答案】heroes 【详解】句意：这座纪念碑是为了纪念在二战中牺牲的英雄而建造的。定语从句that died in World War II修饰前面的名词，二战中牺牲的英雄不止一位，所以需要用hero的复数形式，故填heroes。 11．Different ________ (culture) have different rules. 【答案】cultures 【详解】句意：不同的文化有不同的规则。句中“Different（不同的）”后接可数名词复数，culture是可数名词，意为“文化”，其复数形式为cultures，符合语境。 12．The ________ (introduce) of a writer can help us better understand his works. 【答案】introduction 【详解】句意：一位作家的简介能帮助我们更好理解他的作品。定冠词The后接名词，introduce变名词形式introduction，此处泛指单份介绍资料，用单数即可。 13．The ________ (introduce) of the new policy has led to a heated debate. 【答案】introduction 【详解】句意：这项新政策的引入引发了一场激烈的辩论。分析句子结构可知，定冠词“The”后需接名词作句子的主语，括号内“introduce”是动词，意为“介绍；引入”，其名词形式为“introduction”，表示“引入、推行”，此处用单数形式即可。 14．They have many interesting life ________ (experience) to share with us. 【答案】experiences 【详解】句意：他们有许多有趣的人生经历可以和我们分享。句中many（许多）后接可数名词复数；experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，复数形式为experiences，故填experiences。 15．From this special experience, he learns the ________ (important) of honesty. 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：从这次特别的经历中，他明白了诚实的重要性。the + 名词 + of...是固定结构，important的名词形式是importance“重要性”，表示”诚实的重要性”。 考点5 形容词、副词 1．________ (lucky), no one got hurt in the sudden accident in our neighborhood. 【答案】Luckily 【详解】句意：幸运的是，在我们社区突发的事故中没有人受伤。所给词lucky为形容词，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，lucky的副词形式为luckily，句首首字母大写。 2．The Great Wall is one of ________ (great) man-made wonders in the world. 【答案】the greatest 【详解】句意：长城是世界上最伟大的人造奇迹之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定用法，表示“最……之一”，great的最高级为greatest，前面必须加定冠词the。 3．We chatted after class one day and I realized that he was ________ (surprising) nice. 【答案】surprisingly 【详解】句意：一天课后我们聊天，我意识到他出奇地好。surprising“令人惊讶的”，句中“nice”为形容词，前面需要用副词修饰，surprising的副词形式是surprisingly，意为“出奇地；惊人地”。 4．She waited ________ for her turn to speak in front of the whole class. (nervous) 【答案】nervously 【详解】句意：她紧张地等着轮到自己在全班同学面前发言。空格修饰动词waited，修饰动词要用副词，应用nervous的副词形式nervously。故填nervously。 5．He made a few mistakes in his homework. He was seldom that ________. (care) 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：他在作业中犯了一些错误。他很少粗心。前半句中made为make的过去式，提示句子时态为一般过去时，be动词后接形容词作表语，careless意为“粗心的”，故填careless。 6．People on the street looked ________ when they saw the traffic accident. (shock) 【答案】shocked 【详解】句意：当街上的人们看到交通事故时，他们看起来很震惊。句中“looked”在此处作系动词，意为“看起来”，其后应接形容词作表语。此处用来形容主语“People”内心的感受，应用-ed形式的形容词shocked。 7．Tony can see the blackboard ________ (clear) with his new glasses than before. 【答案】more clearly 【详解】句意：Tony戴上新眼镜后比以前能更清楚地看到黑板了。clear“清楚的”，句中修饰的是动词“see”，需要用副词形式clearly，意为“清楚地”。又因句中有“than before”表示比较，需用比较级，clearly是多音节副词，其比较级形式为more clearly，意为“更清楚地”。 8．The park is ________ (beautiful) in our city. 【答案】the most beautiful 【详解】句意：这个公园是我们城市里最漂亮的。题干中出现了in our city表示范围的限定，需用形容词的最高级；beautiful是多音节形容词，最高级形式为the most beautiful，故填the most beautiful。 9．You shouldn’t say ________ (hurt) things to your mother. 【答案】hurtful 【详解】句意：你不应该对你妈妈说伤人的话。空后是名词things，需要用形容词来修饰事物，动词hurt的形容词形式为hurtful，意为“伤人的、令人痛苦的”。 10．The whole family had a ________ dinner together on New Year’s Eve. (joy) 【答案】joyful 【详解】句意：除夕夜，全家人一起吃了顿愉快的晚饭。空格后面是名词dinner，修饰名词需要用形容词， joy的形容词形式是joyful。 11．The new stone bridge in our village is much ________ (wide) than the old one. 【答案】wider 【详解】句意：我们村里的新桥比旧桥宽得多。句中“than”表示比较，且“much”可修饰比较级表示程度，此处需用wide的比较级wider。 12．When I saw so many places of interest, I ________ (simple) couldn’t believe my eyes. 【答案】simply 【详解】句意：当我看到这么多名胜古迹时，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。句中此处修饰动词短语couldn’t believe，需用副词形式，提示应将形容词simple变为副词。simple的副词形式是simply，意为“简直；仅仅”，故填simply。 13．Going out alone late at night really is ________ (safe) for teenagers. 【答案】unsafe 【详解】句意：深夜独自外出对青少年来说真的很不安全。根据“Going out alone late at night”可知，需用safe的反义词unsafe，表示“不安全的”。系动词is后接形容词作表语。 14．The typhoon was one of the ________ (bad) disasters in our city’s history. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：这场台风是我们城市历史上最严重的灾害之一。句中“one of the+最高级+名词复数”为固定结构，提示此处需用形容词的最高级形式，bad的最高级为特殊变化worst，符合句子语境及语法要求。 15．Learning about customs is ________ (help) for us. 【答案】helpful 【详解】句意：了解风俗对我们是有帮助的。根据句子结构，此处需要一个形容词作表语。help“帮助”是动词或名词，其形容词形式helpful意为 “有帮助的”，符合语境。 16．It’s ________ (usual) to ask a woman’s age abroad. 【答案】unusual 【详解】句意：在国外询问一位女士的年龄是不寻常的。句中“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，结合文化常识与语境，询问女性年龄在国外是不礼貌、不常见的行为，因此需将usual变为其否定形式，usual的否定形式为unusual。 17．She has moved to an apartment downtown ________ (recent), closer to her workplace 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：她最近搬到了市中心的一套公寓，离她的工作地点更近了。此处需用副词修饰一整句话，给出的“recent”为形容词，意思为“最近的”，其副词recently意为“最近”，符合语法要求。故填recently。 18．We all admire the scientist who is ________ (success) in space research. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：我们都钦佩那位在太空研究方面取得成功的科学家。句中is是系动词，后面需要接一个形容词作表语，括号中给出的是名词success，其对应的形容词形式是successful。 19．After practising for a long time, the team finished the difficult task _________ (successful). 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：经过长时间的练习，这个团队成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务。修饰动词“finished”，需用副词形式作状语。“successful”的副词形式为“successfully”，意为“成功地”。 20．The young writer is so ________ (talent) that his works are popular all over the country. 【答案】talented 【详解】句意：这位年轻作家才华横溢，他的作品在全国各地都很受欢迎。此空是形容词作表语，talent的形容词形式是talented“有天赋的”。 考点6 代词 1．Lucy was asked to take some money and medicine with ________ (she) before the school trip. 【答案】her 【详解】句意：在学校旅行前，露西被要求随身带一些钱和药。she“她”，是人称代词主格。固定搭配take sth. with sb.“某人随身带着某物”，介词with后接宾格，故填her。 2．Dear parents, you should allow children to share their opinions, even though sometimes they are different from ________ (you). 【答案】yours 【详解】句意：亲爱的父母，你们应该允许孩子表达他们的观点，即使有时这些观点与你们的不同。此处表达“你们的(观点)”，需用名词性物主代词，指代“your opinions”；you的名词性物主代词形式为yours。 3．Do you know ________ (something) about the Nobel Prize? 【答案】anything 【详解】句意：你知道关于诺贝尔奖的任何事情吗？根据“Do you know...about the Nobel Prize?”，结合所给词可知，“something”为不定代词，一般用于肯定句中；本句为一般疑问句，在疑问句中通常应用其对应的形式anything，作know的宾语。故填anything。 4．He taught ________ (he) French by reading lots of books. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：他通过阅读大量书籍自学了法语。he“他”是人称代词主格。teach oneself是固定搭配，意为“自学”，因此填反身代词。故填himself。 5．________ (everybody) believed he could win, but he did. 【答案】Nobody 【详解】句意：没人相信他能赢，但他赢了。everybody意为“所有人”。根据“but he did.”判断，应该是没人相信他能赢，nobody表“没有人”，句子开头，首字母大写。故填Nobody。 6．You have a fever. You should take ________ (you) temperature. 【答案】your 【详解】句意：你发烧了。你应该量一下体温。take one’s temperature“给某人量体温”，所以此处应用形容词性物主代词。故填your。 7．After a whole day’s work in the field, Henry felt tired but very proud of _________. (he) 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：在地里干了一整天后，亨利感到很累，但也为自己感到骄傲。根据“Henry felt tired but very proud of... .”及提示词可知，应填he的反身代词形式himself“他自己”，作宾语，表示为自己感到骄傲。故填himself。 8．“Help ________ (yourself) to some fish, boys and girls,” he said. 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：“孩子们，请随便吃点鱼吧，” 他说。根据“boys and girls”可知，此处是复数形式，指多个孩子，用yourselves。故填yourselves。 9．As far as ________ (me) know, this book is very popular among teenagers. 【答案】I 【详解】句意：据我所知，这本书在青少年中非常受欢迎。As far as I know“据我所知”，固定短语。故填I。 10．I wonder how the little boy opened the locked box by ________ (he). 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：我想知道这个小男孩是怎样自己打开那个锁着的盒子的。by oneself是固定短语，意为“独自；靠自己”。“he”是人称代词主格，其反身代词是“himself”，by himself表示“他独自地”。故填himself。 考点7 数词 1．Pay attention to what I am saying because I won’t explain it a ________ (two) time. 【答案】second 【详解】句意：注意听我说，因为我不会再解释第二遍了。“two”是基数词，此处表示“又一、再一”，需用序数词形式，“a second time”是固定搭配，意为“再一次”。 2．Though my father is in his ________ (40), he made up his mind to learn a new language. 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：虽然我的父亲四十多岁了，但他下定决心要学习一门新语言。表示“在某人几十多岁时”，用“in one’s+整十基数词复数”的结构。此处表示“四十多岁”，基数词forty需要变为复数形式。故填forties。 3．I decided to use the ________ model I made for the competition. (twelve) 【答案】twelfth 【详解】句意：我决定使用我为比赛制作的第十二个模型。根据句意可知，此处表示顺序，应用序数词。基数词twelve的序数词形式是twelfth，意为“第十二”。故填twelfth。 4．Though they failed four times, they wanted to have a ________ try. (five) 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：尽管他们失败了四次，但他们想再试一次。句中提到“失败四次”，括号内给出的词是five（五），结合语境，这里表示“第五次尝试”，需用序数词fifth。固定搭配have a fifth try意为“进行第五次尝试/再试一次”，符合语境，故填fifth。 5．They are going to celebrate their mother’s ________ birthday this Saturday. (forty) 【答案】fortieth 【详解】句意：他们打算这周六庆祝他们妈妈的四十岁生日。forty“四十”，是基数词。根据“birthday”可知，此处表示“第四十个生日”，应用序数词fortieth。 6．Nowadays, more and more young people get married in their ________. (thirty) 【答案】thirties 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的年轻人在三十多岁时结婚。句中“in one’s + 整十基数词复数”为固定结构，表示“在某人几十多岁时”，thirty的复数形式是thirties，故填thirties。 7．The Children’s Day is in the ________ (six) month of a year. 【答案】sixth 【详解】句意：儿童节在一年当中的第六个月。定冠词the后常搭配序数词，six是基数词，对应的序数词为sixth，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词month。 8．Ronaldo, the great Brazilian soccer player, played for his ________ (one) national team when he was 17 years old. 【答案】first 【详解】句意：伟大的巴西足球运动员罗纳尔多在17岁时为他的第一支国家队效力。根据“played for his…national team”以及提示词可知，此处指“第一支国家队”，应用序数词first“第一”。故填first。 9．________ (hundred) of people lost their lives during the war. 【答案】Hundreds 【详解】句意：战争期间，数百人失去了生命。空格前无具体数字，表示“数百”这类不确定的数量时，要用“hundreds of”，放句首首字母大写。故填Hundreds。 10．There are ________ of stars that twinkle like tiny lights in the night sky. (billion) 【答案】billions 【详解】句意：夜空中有数十亿颗星星像小灯一样闪闪发光。根据“of stars that twinkle like tiny lights in the night sky”可知，夜空中有数十亿颗星星，表示不确定的数目用billion的复数形式，后面加of。故填billions。 考点8 构词法 1．This program is ________ (main) about how to cook. My mom likes it very much. 【答案】mainly 【详解】句意：这个节目主要是关于如何烹饪的，我妈妈非常喜欢它。句中“about”为介词，需要副词来修饰，main的副词形式为mainly。 2．Mr. Wang always says ________ is the most important thing. (safe) 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：王老师总是说安全是最重要的。safe“安全的”，形容词，此处需要做主语，应用其名词形式safety。 3．We shouldn’t laugh at the ________ (able), we should help them. 【答案】disabled 【详解】句意：我们不应该嘲笑残疾人，我们应该帮助他们。括号内的单词able是形容词，结合语境，此处需用“the + 形容词”表示一类人，able的反义词是disabled(残疾的)，the disabled表示“残疾人”，因此填disabled。 4．The film is very ________ (amaze). 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：这部电影非常令人惊叹。句中主语是The film（事物），需要用-ing结尾的形容词来描述事物的特征。“amaze”的形容词形式amazing意为“令人惊叹的、令人惊奇的”，用来修饰事物。 5．It’s ________ (danger) to tell strangers your address. 【答案】dangerous 【详解】句意：告诉陌生人你的地址是危险的。句中“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是…… 的”，此处需要形容词作表语。“danger”是名词，对应的形容词形式是dangerous（危险的），故填dangerous。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $