专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，新疆专用）七年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 七年级下说明文阅读理解专题汇编，涵盖人与自然（动物生态、环保科技）、人与自我（健康习惯、生活成长）、人与社会（规则场所、工作犬援助）三大主题，精选新疆多地期末真题，素材真实且贴近学生生活，注重语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选择题|约60题|细节理解（如动物冬季生存方式）、主旨大意（如健康习惯建议）、推理判断（如中西餐厅菜单差异）|情境时代性（2024巴黎奥运会环保座椅、智能熊猫巴士）；问题层次性（基础题查细节，提升题析篇章结构）| |判断题|4题|正误判断（如健康饮食习惯）|紧扣生活实际，强化信息辨析能力|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市米东区·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确选项。 There are many different kinds of animals in the zoo. We can see the zoo keepers (饲养员) give them food to eat. They don’t have to find food by themselves. They just eat, walk and sleep all day. So many of us think that the animals there are happy and lucky. But most of them are sad. Why? Because they’re not free. Animals like elephants, monkeys and tigers usually live freely and happily in forests or mountains. Tigers, for example, run, jump, play with their children and catch small animals for food. But now they have to stay in small cages (笼子) in the zoo. Their life in the zoo is very different from their life in the forests. Now many people think more animals should go back to forests and mountains so that they can live freely. 1．Most animals in the zoo are ________ according to the passage. A．happy B．sad C．lucky D．free 2．What do tigers usually do in forests? A．They just eat, walk and sleep all day. B．They stay in small cages. C．They run, jump, play with their children and catch small animals for food. D．They find food by themselves. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The animals in the zoo have to find food by themselves. B．The animals in the zoo are very free. C．The animals’ life in the zoo is different from their life in the forests. D．Many people think animals should stay in the zoo. 4．Why do many people think animals should go back to forests and mountains? A．Because they want to see animals in the forests. B．Because they don’t like animals in the zoo. C．Because they think animals can’t live in the zoo. D．Because they think animals can live freely in the forests and mountains. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆生产建设兵团第一中学·期末） Winter is a hard time for animals. The weather may be very cold. Food can be hard to find under the snow. How do animals live in this time? Let’s have a look. In fall(秋天)when the weather gets cool, some animals go away from cold places and move to warm places. Some birds fly to the south together because the weather there is warm and food there is easy to find. When warm days come, they will be back. Some animals make changes to live in winter, like snowshoe rabbits in America. In summer, the rabbits’ fur is brown. But they have new, white fur in winter. The new fur keeps them safe in snow. In fall, they eat to get fat, because the fat can also help them keep warm in winter. Other animals sleep all winter and they don’t eat at all. Before winter, these animals eat a lot to get fat. When winter comes, they go to sleep. Black bears in cold places make beds to sleep in. Some of them can sleep for seven months. 1．Which animals will probably(可能)move to the south in fall? A．Rabbits. B．Snakes. C．Birds. D．Bears. 2．What colour is the fur of snowshoe rabbits in winter? A．Brown. B．White. C．Yellow. D．Green. 3．What do some animals do to get fat before winter? A．Sleep a lot. B．Play a lot. C．Drink a lot. D．Eat a lot. 4．What can be the best title(标题)for the text? A．How Animals Live in Winter B．Where Animals Stay in Winter C．Why Animals Sleep in Winter D．What Animals Eat in Winter 主题02 人与自我——健康与习惯 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市米东区·期末） 根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。 Healthy Eating Habits Food is important for our health. To eat well, we need to choose the right food. Here are some tips: 1) Eat different kinds of food. Fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, and rice are all good for us. Do not eat only one kind of food. 2) Eat breakfast every day. Breakfast gives us energy for the morning. Without it, we may feel tired. 3) Drink more water and milk. They are healthier than soda or juice. 4) Don’t eat too much junk food. Hamburgers, candy, and ice-cream are delicious, but they are not healthy. 5) Eat at regular times. For example, have lunch at 12:00 and dinner at 6:00. 1．Eating only vegetables is healthy. 2．Breakfast is not important for our health. 3．Milk is better than soda. 4．Junk food like hamburgers is good for us. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） After the weekend, children have to go back to school on Mondays. Some children are worried about the long week. Some children think they have so many classes. For parents, they should do something to help their children adapt to (适应) the coming school days. Take a shower before sleeping. It’s good for children to take a shower before they go to bed. It can help them sleep and relax well. Ask children to go to bed early. School usually starts at 8:00 a.m. So please let your children go to bed before 9:30 p.m. Your children should sleep for about nine hours every day. This is very important as they have to get up early the next day. Make a good breakfast for children. It’s good for their health. It can also help children study better (更好) in the day. Besides (此外), it can help students listen to teachers carefully and think well in class. During the growth of children, school days are very important in their lives. Parents should try your best to help your children pass through the school days, so that your children will study and live happily. 1．Who does the writer want to write the text for? A．Students. B．Parents. C．Children. D．Teachers. 2．Why do children need to have a good breakfast? A．It can help them relax. B．It can make them sleep well. C．It’s good for their health. D．It can help them adapt to the school days. 3．What’s the main (主要的) idea of the text? A．Parents need to ask children to go to bed early. B．Children have to take a shower before sleeping. C．How to help your children study and live happily. D．Children must have a good breakfast before going to school. 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） Do you want to be in good health? Try to do the following things! You can become strong. Drink eight cups of water every day. Water helps your body in many ways. If you feel thirsty (渴的), just have a cup of water. Don’t forget to eat your breakfast. Breakfast gives you everything your body needs for the morning. So do not forget your breakfast. Get enough calcium (钙). Your bones need it. Milk has more calcium. You may also drink orange juice with calcium in it. Go for a walk every day after meals. Walking is good exercise, and people need exercise for good health. It’s better to walk after meals. Stretch (伸展) for five minutes after sitting for one or two hours. Stretching your arms and legs is good for your body. Use your brain (大脑) every day. For example, you can do crossword puzzles (填字游戏) or read a new book. Have a break for about twenty minutes when you are tired. You may do something different to have a break. For example, get up and walk, or sit down to listen to music. 1．How many things are mentioned (提及) to keep healthy in the passage? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Orange juice. B．The bone. C．Milk. 3．新考向 篇章结构 Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Take care of yourself B．Ways to keep healthy C．It’s important to keep healthy Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Do you want to keep fit? If you want to be healthy, you should eat well and exercise regularly (有规律地). First, let’s talk about food. Eating the right food is very important for our health. We should eat lots of fruits and vegetables because they give us vitamins (维生素). Apples, bananas, oranges, and carrots are all good for us. We should also eat some meat, like chicken and fish, which give us protein (蛋白质). But we should not eat too much junk food, such as hamburgers, chips, and ice cream. They are not good for our health. Second, exercise is necessary. We need to exercise at least three times a week. Running, swimming, and riding a bike are all great exercises. Exercise makes our bodies strong and helps us stay healthy. It also makes us feel good. All in all, to keep fit, we need to eat healthy food and exercise regularly. It’s not difficult to do these things. Let’s start today! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案. 1．What should we eat to get vitamins? A．Meat. B．Junk food. C．Drinks. D．Fruits and vegetables. 2．How often should we exercise? A．Every day. B．At least three times a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a day. 3．Why is exercise important? A．Because it makes us fat. B．Because it makes us feel bad. C．Because it makes our bodies strong and helps us stay healthy. D．Because it makes us sad. 4．What is the passage about? A．It’s about how to eat well. B．It’s about how to lose weight. C．It’s about how to keep fit. D．It’s about how to exercise. Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·新疆和田地区·期末） Being overweight is one of the biggest health problems now. It affects (影响) more than how you look. Too much fat can kill you. What is worse, if you are obese now, you will probably grow into an obese adult (成年人). Here is good news. You can fight overweight. Change your eating habits You are what you eat. Children like snacks. One study of eating habits shows that soft drinks are the first in children’s snack list. Next, children choose salty snacks, like chips. What is more, the list is full of junk food from No.3 to No.11. Finally, for No.12, the children pick a healthy snack—fruit. Think about your snack choice again. Get outside to exercise Jim, a player of his school football team, had a weight problem not long ago. He could never get anyone to play with him, so his father started playing football with him for a few minutes every night. Then a few minutes turned into an hour or more. In just a few years, this heavy child became healthy. More TV time means more fat More TV time (or more time for internet surfing or computer games) means more fat. Eat an apple a day, walk around the house and play with your family. Do it today and do it more tomorrow. It will help you a lot. 1．What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．苗条的 B．肥胖的 C．健康的 D．瘦弱的 2．Which is the 12th food on the snack list made by the children in the study? A．Chips. B．Ice creams. C．Fruit. D．Vegetables. 3．What do we know about Jim? A．He did exercise with his friends. B．He becomes fat and unhappy. C．Exercise makes him healthy. D．He joined a football team to lose weight. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Why is playing football good for health? B．What can you do to lose weight? C．What food makes you fat? D．How does watching TV make you fat? 主题03 人与自我——生活与成长 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Starting a book club is easy—all you need is to love reading. Here’s the way to start a book club. When you set up your book club, the first thing is to get members for your club. They could be friends, family, or those you know through different activities, but they should all love to read. A small group of seven to ten people is usually good for a book club. Once you have a group, agree on how often you want to meet, and usually clubs meet monthly. Pick a date and stick with it. That way, members can easily plan for it. Set the length (长度) of meeting time. An hour is a good start. Two hours is usually perfect. Then, you need a good place. Libraries, parks and restaurants—all make good meeting places. For many clubs, homes are the best place because they’re quiet and relaxing. Please don’t forget the most important thing—the book! Think about the books your club will enjoy. Stories? History books? Your club can choose books in different ways. You can take turns (轮流) to recommend books. Let everyone vote (投票) to decide which book to read. Anyway, make sure to keep it interesting. After all these have been decided, your book club is ready. Now, it’s time to hold the first meeting. Enjoy your reading. 1．How often do clubs usually meet according to paragraph 3? A．Every month. B．Every two weeks. C．Every day. D．Every year. 2．What does the underlined phrase recommend books probably mean? A．Read books. B．Make books interesting. C．Protect books. D．Introduce some good books. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of a book club. B．Different Places for a book club. C．Advice on joining a book club. D．Ways to start a book club. 4．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·阿克苏地区·期末） Your best friend’s birthday is coming, and you want to have a great party for her at your house. Here are some tips (建议) for you. First, start planning at least 3 weeks in advance (提前) and talk to your friend to get an idea of what she wants. It’s important to know what kind of party she wants and how many people to invite. Second, choose a date. If your friend’s birthday isn’t on weekends, Friday evenings are usually the best time to have a party. Third, make a list of everything you need and keep it with you at all times. Have everything ready several days before the party. You can buy some food, a cake and birthday candles too. Finally, have fun and celebrate your friend’s birthday. 1．If you have a party ________, the tips are for you. A．at school B．at a restaurant C．at your house D．in a park 2．When should you start planning the party? A．At least 3 days before the party. B．At least 3 weeks before the party. C．On your friend’s birthday. D．After your birthday party. 3．If your friend’s birthday is on Wednesday, you’d better have the party ________. A．on Tuesday evening B．on Wednesday evening C．on Friday evening D．on Saturday evening 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The list. B．Everything. C．The party. D．Some food. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·兵团第二师铁门关市·期末） There are some special activities to celebrate birthdays in different countries. In some American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration when they are 15. After the special celebration, the girls will dance with their fathers and other boys. In many English-speaking countries, a 21st birthday cake often has a key on it. These mean the child already grow up. In China, when a child is one, the family will also have a special activity. People call it “Zhuazhou”. It’s a fun activity on a baby’s first birthday. On that day, parents usually put a small table on the bed. On the table, there are some books, pens, rulers, food, toys and some other things. Then parents put their baby in the middle of the things, and the baby can take anything on it. When a baby takes a book or pen, people say he or she will be good at studying. When a baby takes food or a pot, people say he or she will be a good cook. When a baby takes a cake or a toy, people say he or she will know how to have a good time in life. They are all the parents’ wishes for the baby. 1．How old is a child when the birthday cake has a key on it? A．1 year old. B．15 years old. C．21 years old. D．We don’t know. 2．How old is a baby when he or she has the activity “Zhuazhou”? A．1 week old. B．1 month old. C．1 year old. D．100 days old. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to (指代) ________. A．the bed B．the table C．the cake D．the book 4．If a baby takes a ping-pong ball, what will people say? A．He/She will be a good cook. B．He/She will be good at studying. C．He/She will have a lot of ping-pong balls. D．He/She will be good at sports. 主题04 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆喀什地区莎车县·期末） ①Students like sports in the world. There are many kinds of sports. Many students like to play them. ②In China, students like playing ping-pong best. They often play it after class. They like basketball and volleyball, too. They are busy at school, so they don’t often play sports. ③In America, students play sports every day. They often play basketball. But soccer is their favourite sport. They like swimming and running, too. They think sports are great. ④In France, ________. They like watching football games on TV. They often play sports with their family or friends on Saturdays and Sundays. They like sports very much. ⑤Playing sports can keep us healthy and it can make us happy. Let’s do sports! 1．What is students’ favourite sport in China? A．Baseball. B．Basketball. C．Volleyball. D．Ping-pong. 2．In America, what sport do students often play? A．Soccer. B．Running. C．Basketball. D．Swimming. 3．Which one can be put in ________? （下面哪一句可以放在文中缺失部分？） A．students don’t like sports B．students do sports every day C．students don’t like watching games D．students love watching football games and playing sports 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Hi, boys and girls! Welcome to our museum. It’s free. You don’t have to pay any money. But we have some rules for you. Please remember them and do as I say. Firstly, don’t have food or drink here. You may make our museum dirty. Secondly, you can take photos here, but don’t touch (触摸) the things here. Thirdly, keep quiet in the museum. Don’t talk loudly. Fourthly, the museum is not open after five o’clock in the afternoon. Please leave (离开) before five p.m.. Have a good time here! Thank you. 1．There are some rules for a ________. A．store B．park C．school D．museum 2．What’s the Chinese meaning of the word “free” in the article? A．免费的 B．迅速的 C．高兴的 D．自由的 3．Students can ________ in the museum. A．have food and drink B．take photos C．touch the things D．talk loudly 4．Students can stay in the museum ________. A．all day B．before 5:00 a.m. C．before 5:00 p.m. D．after 5:00 p.m. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第六十八中学·期末） 阅读下面的材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确选项。 Rules are very important in our life. In school, we have many rules. For example, we must arrive at school on time. We can’t be late. We have to wear school uniforms. We can’t eat in the classroom. We should keep the classroom clean and quiet. In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books. We can borrow books, but we must return them on time. At home, our parents make some rules for us, too. We have to help with housework. We can’t watch TV for too long. We must go to bed early. Rules help us live a better life. We should follow them. 1．What can’t we do in the classroom? A．Listen to the teacher. B．Wear school uniforms. C．Eat ice-cream. D．Keep quiet. 2．What must we do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Keep quiet. C．Borrow many books. D．Read books quickly. 3．Why do our parents make rules for us at home? A．Because they don’t want us to do anything. B．Because they want us to do housework instead of (代替) them. C．Because they want us to live a better life. D．Because they want us to watch TV for a long time. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Rules in school. B．Rules in the library. C．Rules at home. D．Rules in life. Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市第十三中学·期末） Rules are very important in our life. In school, we have many rules. For example, we must arrive at school on time. We can’t be late. We have to wear school uniforms on weekdays. We can’t eat in the classroom. We should keep the classroom clean and quiet. In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books. We can borrow books, but we must return them on time. At home, our parents make some rules for us, too. We have to help with housework. We can’t watch TV for too long. We must go to bed early. Rules help us live a better life. We should follow them. 1．What can’t we do in the classroom? A．Listen to the teacher. B．Wear school uniforms. C．Eat. D．Keep quiet. 2．What must we do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Be quiet. C．Borrow many books. D．Read books quickly. 3．Why do our parents make rules for us at home? A．Because they don’t want us to do anything. B．B．Because they want us to help with housework. C．Because they want us to live a better life. D．Because they want us to watch TV for a long time. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Rules in school. B．Rules in the library. C．Rules at home. D．Rules are important and we should follow them. 主题01 人与自然——环保与科技 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） “Green” seats in the Paris 2024 Are you looking forward to (期待) 2024 Olympic Games? Paris 2024 promises (承诺) to be a “green” event (盛会). Its organizers (组织者) have found a new way of going green: in some of the venues (场馆) in Seine-Saint-Denis, about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic (可回收利用的塑料). The seats were produced by recycling company Lemon Tri and a few partners (合作伙伴). They collected plastic waste and turned it into small pieces. These pieces were then mixed together and heated (加热). After that, they were compressed (压缩) in machines. The result was black or white plastic sheets (薄片) with flecks (斑点) of various (各种各样的) colours. These sheets were then sanded (打磨), cut and assembled(组装)into seats. Are these seats of good quality (质量)? Don’t worry! A number of tests have been carried out on them. There were a UV resistance (抗紫外线) test, a fire resistance (抵抗) test, and more. People will be able to sit safely in the chairs and enjoy the excitement of the game! The seats were made from about 100 tons of plastic waste. Most of the plastic waste came from local recycling bins. Local schools also collected about five million coloured plastic bottle caps and they were used in the making of the seats. The seats not only help the environment, but also educate people about recycling. Augustin Jaclin is the co-founder (联合创始人) of Lemon Tri. “Our kids put their bottles in the bins,” he said. “They’ll sit on the seats made from these bottles. This will teach them to recycle more in their daily lives!” 1．The seats were made from about________ tons of plastic waste. A．80 B．100 C．500 D．11,000 2．The plastic waste was collected from ________. ①local schools    ②local recycling bins    ③local plastic producers A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③ 3．Augustin Jaclin is ________ of Lemon Tri. A．the only manager B．the only founder C．one of the managers D．one of the founders 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Lemon Tri is a plastic company. B．There are colorful flecks on the recycled plastic seats. C．Some glass bottles were used in the making of the seats. D．It is not safe to sit on the recycled plastic seats. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Look! Here comes a cute bus. It looks like a panda with black ears and big eyes. It can take 22 people and is about 12 meters long. A group of Chinese people made it. People call it Smart Panda Bus. The Smart Panda Bus can do many things. It uses AI technology. The bus can drive by itself. Don’t worry! It’s very safe. When you get on the bus, you can scan (扫描) your face. The bus will read your face and know who you are. There are also robots (机器人) on the bus. You can talk to them and ask them for help. If there is a thief (小偷) on the bus, the bus will call the police. On the bus, there is a vending machine (自动售卖机). You can buy food and drinks there. This can save you much time. People in some cities, such as Changzhou in Jiangsu, Wuhan in Hubei and Deyang in Sichuan, can take the bus. Do you want to take the bus? More cities in China will put the bus into use. I think you can take the bus in your city soon. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The Smart Panda Bus comes from ________. A．India B．Africa C．America D．China 2．The Smart Panda Bus is ________. A．cheap B．quiet C．safe D．expensive 3．The “vending machine” can ________ on the bus. A．tell stories B．make a wish C．take a message D．sell food 4．Paragraph 2 tells us ________. A．who made the bus B．what the bus can do C．how the bus drives D．what the robots can’t do 主题02 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） 阅读下面材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。 Many people say dolphins (海豚) are clever. They can think, understand, and learn things fast. Scientists say dolphins and people are similar (相似) in some ways. Let’s have a look ! Talk Like people, every dolphin has its own “name”, a special whistle (哨声). Each dolphin chooses a whistle for itself, usually by its first birthday. By using special sounds and body language, they “talk” to each other about a lot of things, such as their age, their feelings, and possible dangers. Play Dolphins usually stay together. They live in groups (群), and they often join others from different groups to play games— just like people. Scientists believe playing together is something only clever animals do. Teamwork Dolphins and humans are similar in another way: they both make plans for getting things they want. For example, dolphins use a smart way to get food. When there are fish near a boat, dolphins make a sound or an action to the fishermen to put their nets in the water. With the dolphins’ help, the men can catch a lot of fish. Why do dolphins help fishermen? Because they can eat some fish that run out from the net. 1．How do dolphins “talk” to each other about a lot of things? A．By running. B．By using special sounds and body language. C．By swimming. D．By shouting. 2．What does “others” refer to in paragraph 3 ? A．Other fishermen. B．Other people. C．Other kids. D．Other dolphins. 3．Why do dolphins sometimes help fishermen? A．Because they are very kind, just like people. B．Because the fishermen ask them for help. C．Because they can eat some fish that run out from the net. D．Because they are helpful. 4．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．Clever People B．Delicious Food C．Amazing Animals D．Exciting Games Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市实验中学·期末） An adult has about 100,000 hairs. Each hair is only about 0.1mm thick. But it can hold up to 100 grams (克). So, all of a person’s hair could hold up to 2 elephants. Each day, a person can lose about 100 hairs. Also, people often need to cut their hair. So, in this way, people create a lot of hair waste. People usually burn the waste. But it’s bad for people’s health because it makes harmful gases (有害气体). What can we do with our dropped hair? Hair can be plant helper. About 17% of human hair is nitrogen (氮). It can help plants grow better. So, it’s a good idea to mix and put hair in the soil. For example, it can help tomatoes to grow bigger and sweeter. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many hairs can an adult lose in a week? A．About 100,000. B．About 700. C．About 700,000. D．About 100. 2．What do people usually do with the hair waste? A．Burn them. B．Throw them away. C．Eat them. D．Sell them. 3．Why is dropped human hair helpful for plants growing? A．Because human hair always grows fast. B．Because all of a person’s hair could hold up to 2 elephants. C．Because 17% of human hair is nitrogen. D．Because it can help plants grow worse. 4．Where can we read this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a magazine. C．In a science newspaper. D．In a textbook. 主题03 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁伊宁市·期末） When we talk about Chinese and Western (西方的) restaurants, the differences are big. One difference is in the menu. Western menus are usually descriptive (描写的). From a Western menu, you can know what is in each dish, and how those dishes are cooked. You can also know if a dish is fried or steamed (蒸). Chinese menus don’t usually tell you these things. But you can see a lot of pictures. Most Western restaurant menus don’t have many pictures. In some Western restaurants, the menus might not have any pictures at all. The names of Chinese dishes are usually not very descriptive. Mapo tofu is a very nice name. However, it doesn’t tell you anything about this dish. But with a picture, you can see what is in this dish. It has tofu, wild peppers and spring onion. Pictures make dishes attractive (吸引人的). And they can also make people feel good about eating in the restaurant. 1．From a Western menu, you can’t know ________. A．what is in each dish B．how the dishes are cooked C．if a dish is fried or steamed D．who can serve the dish to you 2．What can you see in a Chinese menu? A．All information. B．Many descriptions. C．A lot of pictures. D．Descriptive names. 3．What dish is mentioned in paragraph 4? A．Beijing roast duck. B．Mapo tofu. C．Fish soup. D．Hot pot. 4．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Pictures. B．Food. C．Customers. D．Menus. 主题04 人与社会——工作犬与援助 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·阿克苏地区·期末） ①Most people have dogs as pets. They are “man’s best friends”. Dogs make a big difference to our daily life. We see, we hear, and we feel dogs everywhere. There is no doubt that dogs are friends to us. ②On September 11,2001, terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the US and 3,000 people died. At that time over 300 dogs were there to help to nearly find and save people. Dogs can help us work better in many ways as working dogs. ③The most common jobs for working dogs are in search and rescue. They can find lost people or bodies after a big disaster (灾难) or in the wild. ④Guide dogs can help blind people walk safely. To help blind people, dogs need to be trained in training schools for a long time and learn many skills, such as finding and following a clearway and moving around obstacles (障碍物). They will stop when the traffic light is red and keep walking when it turns green. ⑤There are also dogs working with doctors. They can help autistic (自闭症的) children. These children sometimes don’t talk and like to do the same things again and again. A study from Canada showed that dogs could make these children feel relaxed and safe. ⑥Herding dogs are important to sheep owners. They keep the sheep safe. They are common in Australia, New Zealand and some parts of China. Nowadays, many people have them as pets. 1．What does the underlined word “attacked” most probably mean? A．Arrived. B．Hit. C．Attracted. D．Killed. 2．What can the guide dogs do according to the passage? A．They can guide the blind without training. B．They will move the things away in the way. C．They can find a wide and empty way for the blind. D．They will stop or walk according to the traffic lights. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Dogs are our friends. B．All the dogs are clever enough to help people. C．Dogs can fight against terrorists to protect people. D．If a kid is always nervous and lonely, a dog may be a helper. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D Passage 2 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 主题02 人与自我——健康与习惯 Passage 1 1．F 2．F 3．T 4．F Passage 2 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A Passage 3 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B Passage 4 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C Passage 5 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 主题03 人与自我——生活与成长 Passage 1 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B Passage 2 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 3 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 主题04 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C Passage 2 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C Passage 3 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D Passage 4 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 主题01 人与自然——环保与科技 Passage 1 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B Passage 2 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 主题02 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 主题03 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 主题04 人与社会——工作犬与援助 Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市米东区·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确选项。 There are many different kinds of animals in the zoo. We can see the zoo keepers (饲养员) give them food to eat. They don’t have to find food by themselves. They just eat, walk and sleep all day. So many of us think that the animals there are happy and lucky. But most of them are sad. Why? Because they’re not free. Animals like elephants, monkeys and tigers usually live freely and happily in forests or mountains. Tigers, for example, run, jump, play with their children and catch small animals for food. But now they have to stay in small cages (笼子) in the zoo. Their life in the zoo is very different from their life in the forests. Now many people think more animals should go back to forests and mountains so that they can live freely. 1．Most animals in the zoo are ________ according to the passage. A．happy B．sad C．lucky D．free 2．What do tigers usually do in forests? A．They just eat, walk and sleep all day. B．They stay in small cages. C．They run, jump, play with their children and catch small animals for food. D．They find food by themselves. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The animals in the zoo have to find food by themselves. B．The animals in the zoo are very free. C．The animals’ life in the zoo is different from their life in the forests. D．Many people think animals should stay in the zoo. 4．Why do many people think animals should go back to forests and mountains? A．Because they want to see animals in the forests. B．Because they don’t like animals in the zoo. C．Because they think animals can’t live in the zoo. D．Because they think animals can live freely in the forests and mountains. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文讨论了动物园中动物的真实生活状态，指出它们虽然不愁食物但并不自由，与在森林中的生活形成对比，并提出了让动物回归自然的观点。 【详解】5．第一段提到“But most of them are sad.”，因此大多数动物园里的动物是悲伤的。 1．第二段提到“Tigers, for example, run, jump, play with their children and catch small animals for food.”，因此老虎在森林里通常会奔跑、跳跃、与幼崽玩耍并捕捉小动物为食。 2．第二段提到“Their life in the zoo is very different from their life in the forests.”，因此动物园里动物的生活与森林里的生活不同。 3．第三段提到“many people think more animals should go back to forests and mountains so that they can live freely.”，因此人们认为动物应该回到森林和山区是因为它们可以在那里自由生活。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆生产建设兵团第一中学·期末） Winter is a hard time for animals. The weather may be very cold. Food can be hard to find under the snow. How do animals live in this time? Let’s have a look. In fall(秋天)when the weather gets cool, some animals go away from cold places and move to warm places. Some birds fly to the south together because the weather there is warm and food there is easy to find. When warm days come, they will be back. Some animals make changes to live in winter, like snowshoe rabbits in America. In summer, the rabbits’ fur is brown. But they have new, white fur in winter. The new fur keeps them safe in snow. In fall, they eat to get fat, because the fat can also help them keep warm in winter. Other animals sleep all winter and they don’t eat at all. Before winter, these animals eat a lot to get fat. When winter comes, they go to sleep. Black bears in cold places make beds to sleep in. Some of them can sleep for seven months. 1．Which animals will probably(可能)move to the south in fall? A．Rabbits. B．Snakes. C．Birds. D．Bears. 2．What colour is the fur of snowshoe rabbits in winter? A．Brown. B．White. C．Yellow. D．Green. 3．What do some animals do to get fat before winter? A．Sleep a lot. B．Play a lot. C．Drink a lot. D．Eat a lot. 4．What can be the best title(标题)for the text? A．How Animals Live in Winter B．Where Animals Stay in Winter C．Why Animals Sleep in Winter D．What Animals Eat in Winter 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物过冬的不同方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly to the south together because the weather there is warm and food there is easy to find.”可知，一些鸟类在秋天会飞到南方，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“But they have new, white fur in winter.”可知，美国的雪兔在冬天有新的白色皮毛，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Before winter, these animals eat a lot to get fat.”可知，一些动物在冬天来临前会吃很多东西来长胖，故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“How do animals live in this time?”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了动物过冬的不同方式，如迁徙、改变自身特征、冬眠等，故选A。 主题02 人与自我——健康与习惯 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市米东区·期末） 根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。 Healthy Eating Habits Food is important for our health. To eat well, we need to choose the right food. Here are some tips: 1) Eat different kinds of food. Fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, and rice are all good for us. Do not eat only one kind of food. 2) Eat breakfast every day. Breakfast gives us energy for the morning. Without it, we may feel tired. 3) Drink more water and milk. They are healthier than soda or juice. 4) Don’t eat too much junk food. Hamburgers, candy, and ice-cream are delicious, but they are not healthy. 5) Eat at regular times. For example, have lunch at 12:00 and dinner at 6:00. 1．Eating only vegetables is healthy. 2．Breakfast is not important for our health. 3．Milk is better than soda. 4．Junk food like hamburgers is good for us. 【答案】1．F 2．F 3．T 4．F 【导语】本文介绍了几条健康饮食习惯的建议，包括均衡饮食、吃早餐、多喝水和牛奶、少吃垃圾食品以及规律进餐。 【详解】9．文中第1)点提到：“Do not eat only one kind of food.”，说明只吃蔬菜 (单一食物) 不符合健康饮食的要求，题干表述与原文不符。 1．文中第2)点提到：“Eat breakfast every day. Breakfast gives us energy for the morning.”，说明早餐对健康很重要，题干表述与原文不符。 2．文中第3)点提到：“Drink more water and milk. They are healthier than soda or juice.”，说明牛奶和水比苏打水或果汁更健康，题干表述与原文一致。 3．文中第4)点提到：“Don’t eat too much junk food. Hamburgers, candy, and ice-cream are delicious, but they are not healthy.”，说明汉堡这类垃圾食品对健康无益，题干表述与原文不符。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） After the weekend, children have to go back to school on Mondays. Some children are worried about the long week. Some children think they have so many classes. For parents, they should do something to help their children adapt to (适应) the coming school days. Take a shower before sleeping. It’s good for children to take a shower before they go to bed. It can help them sleep and relax well. Ask children to go to bed early. School usually starts at 8:00 a.m. So please let your children go to bed before 9:30 p.m. Your children should sleep for about nine hours every day. This is very important as they have to get up early the next day. Make a good breakfast for children. It’s good for their health. It can also help children study better (更好) in the day. Besides (此外), it can help students listen to teachers carefully and think well in class. During the growth of children, school days are very important in their lives. Parents should try your best to help your children pass through the school days, so that your children will study and live happily. 1．Who does the writer want to write the text for? A．Students. B．Parents. C．Children. D．Teachers. 2．Why do children need to have a good breakfast? A．It can help them relax. B．It can make them sleep well. C．It’s good for their health. D．It can help them adapt to the school days. 3．What’s the main (主要的) idea of the text? A．Parents need to ask children to go to bed early. B．Children have to take a shower before sleeping. C．How to help your children study and live happily. D．Children must have a good breakfast before going to school. 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些帮助孩子适应新的一周学校生活的方法，包括睡前洗澡、早睡、做营养早餐等，并强调了学校生活对孩子的重要性以及家长应尽力帮助孩子度过学校时光。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“For parents, they should do something to help their children adapt to (适应) the coming school days.”可知，文章的主要内容是讨论父母应该如何帮助孩子适应和准备上学的日子，所以该文章的目标读者是父母。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Make a good breakfast for children. It’s good for their health.”可知，一顿好的早餐对健康有利。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“For parents, they should do something to help their children adapt to (适应) the coming school days.”以及全文可知，文章讲述了一些帮助孩子学习和生活得更快乐的方法。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据第一段“For parents, they should do something to help their children adapt to (适应) the coming school days.”可知，这是总述父母要为孩子做些事；根据第二段“ Take a shower before sleeping”、第三段“Ask children to go to bed early.”和第四段“Make a good breakfast for children”可知，这是具体的帮孩子适应上学的方法；最后一段“Parents should try your best to help your children pass through the school days,”再次总结文章，文章结构为总分总。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） Do you want to be in good health? Try to do the following things! You can become strong. Drink eight cups of water every day. Water helps your body in many ways. If you feel thirsty (渴的), just have a cup of water. Don’t forget to eat your breakfast. Breakfast gives you everything your body needs for the morning. So do not forget your breakfast. Get enough calcium (钙). Your bones need it. Milk has more calcium. You may also drink orange juice with calcium in it. Go for a walk every day after meals. Walking is good exercise, and people need exercise for good health. It’s better to walk after meals. Stretch (伸展) for five minutes after sitting for one or two hours. Stretching your arms and legs is good for your body. Use your brain (大脑) every day. For example, you can do crossword puzzles (填字游戏) or read a new book. Have a break for about twenty minutes when you are tired. You may do something different to have a break. For example, get up and walk, or sit down to listen to music. 1．How many things are mentioned (提及) to keep healthy in the passage? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Orange juice. B．The bone. C．Milk. 3．新考向 篇章结构 Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Take care of yourself B．Ways to keep healthy C．It’s important to keep healthy 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了多种保持健康的具体方法，帮助人们通过日常行动提升身体素质。 1．细节理解题。根据第二至第八段开头总起句可知，文中依次提到了以下7种保持健康的方式：每天喝八杯水；吃早餐；摄入足够的钙；饭后散步；久坐后伸展身体；每天用脑；疲劳时休息20分钟。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第4段“Milk has more calcium. You may also drink orange juice with calcium in it.”可知，前一句提到牛奶含有更多钙，后一句说你也可以喝含钙的橙汁，这里的“it”指代的是前文中的“orange juice”。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。文章整体结构为“总 — 分”：第1段为总起①，点明主旨：通过一些方法可以保持健康、变得强壮。第2-8段为分述②-⑧，分别介绍7种具体的健康方法。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Do you want to be in good health? Try to do the following things! You can become strong.”可知，文章从开头就点明并全程围绕保持健康的具体方法展开。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Do you want to keep fit? If you want to be healthy, you should eat well and exercise regularly (有规律地). First, let’s talk about food. Eating the right food is very important for our health. We should eat lots of fruits and vegetables because they give us vitamins (维生素). Apples, bananas, oranges, and carrots are all good for us. We should also eat some meat, like chicken and fish, which give us protein (蛋白质). But we should not eat too much junk food, such as hamburgers, chips, and ice cream. They are not good for our health. Second, exercise is necessary. We need to exercise at least three times a week. Running, swimming, and riding a bike are all great exercises. Exercise makes our bodies strong and helps us stay healthy. It also makes us feel good. All in all, to keep fit, we need to eat healthy food and exercise regularly. It’s not difficult to do these things. Let’s start today! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案. 1．What should we eat to get vitamins? A．Meat. B．Junk food. C．Drinks. D．Fruits and vegetables. 2．How often should we exercise? A．Every day. B．At least three times a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a day. 3．Why is exercise important? A．Because it makes us fat. B．Because it makes us feel bad. C．Because it makes our bodies strong and helps us stay healthy. D．Because it makes us sad. 4．What is the passage about? A．It’s about how to eat well. B．It’s about how to lose weight. C．It’s about how to keep fit. D．It’s about how to exercise. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文，阐述保持健康需吃得好（多吃果蔬、适量吃肉、少吃垃圾食品）和规律锻炼（每周至少三次，如跑步、游泳、骑车），呼吁为健康行动。 1．细节理解题。根据“We should eat lots of fruits and vegetables because they give us vitamins (维生素).”可知，吃果蔬获取维生素，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“We need to exercise at least three times a week.”可知，锻炼频率是每周至少三次，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Exercise makes our bodies strong and helps us stay healthy.”可知，锻炼让身体强壮、保持健康，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章围绕“如何保持健康（keep fit）”，讲饮食和锻炼要点，故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25七年级下·新疆和田地区·期末） Being overweight is one of the biggest health problems now. It affects (影响) more than how you look. Too much fat can kill you. What is worse, if you are obese now, you will probably grow into an obese adult (成年人). Here is good news. You can fight overweight. Change your eating habits You are what you eat. Children like snacks. One study of eating habits shows that soft drinks are the first in children’s snack list. Next, children choose salty snacks, like chips. What is more, the list is full of junk food from No.3 to No.11. Finally, for No.12, the children pick a healthy snack—fruit. Think about your snack choice again. Get outside to exercise Jim, a player of his school football team, had a weight problem not long ago. He could never get anyone to play with him, so his father started playing football with him for a few minutes every night. Then a few minutes turned into an hour or more. In just a few years, this heavy child became healthy. More TV time means more fat More TV time (or more time for internet surfing or computer games) means more fat. Eat an apple a day, walk around the house and play with your family. Do it today and do it more tomorrow. It will help you a lot. 1．What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．苗条的 B．肥胖的 C．健康的 D．瘦弱的 2．Which is the 12th food on the snack list made by the children in the study? A．Chips. B．Ice creams. C．Fruit. D．Vegetables. 3．What do we know about Jim? A．He did exercise with his friends. B．He becomes fat and unhappy. C．Exercise makes him healthy. D．He joined a football team to lose weight. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Why is playing football good for health? B．What can you do to lose weight? C．What food makes you fat? D．How does watching TV make you fat? 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍超重的危害，还给出了对抗超重的方法：改变饮食习惯、外出锻炼、减少屏幕时间。 【详解】57．词句猜测题。根据“Too much fat can kill you. What is worse, if you are obese now, you will probably grow into an obese adult (成年人).”可知，太多的脂肪会杀死人。再结合备选项可知，obese在这里意为“肥胖的”。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据Change your eating habits“Finally, for No.12, the children pick a healthy snack—fruit.”可知，孩子们所列出的零食清单上的第12种食物是“水果”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Get outside to exercise“Jim, a player...his father started playing football with him for a few minutes every night...In just a few years, this heavy child became healthy.”可知，锻炼让他恢复健康。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文先点明超重是一个健康问题，之后分别从改变饮食习惯、外出锻炼、减少屏幕时间这几个方面，给出了对抗超重的具体方法。所以本文的主旨是“你可以做什么来减肥？”。故选B。 主题03 人与自我——生活与成长 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Starting a book club is easy—all you need is to love reading. Here’s the way to start a book club. When you set up your book club, the first thing is to get members for your club. They could be friends, family, or those you know through different activities, but they should all love to read. A small group of seven to ten people is usually good for a book club. Once you have a group, agree on how often you want to meet, and usually clubs meet monthly. Pick a date and stick with it. That way, members can easily plan for it. Set the length (长度) of meeting time. An hour is a good start. Two hours is usually perfect. Then, you need a good place. Libraries, parks and restaurants—all make good meeting places. For many clubs, homes are the best place because they’re quiet and relaxing. Please don’t forget the most important thing—the book! Think about the books your club will enjoy. Stories? History books? Your club can choose books in different ways. You can take turns (轮流) to recommend books. Let everyone vote (投票) to decide which book to read. Anyway, make sure to keep it interesting. After all these have been decided, your book club is ready. Now, it’s time to hold the first meeting. Enjoy your reading. 1．How often do clubs usually meet according to paragraph 3? A．Every month. B．Every two weeks. C．Every day. D．Every year. 2．What does the underlined phrase recommend books probably mean? A．Read books. B．Make books interesting. C．Protect books. D．Introduce some good books. 3．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of a book club. B．Different Places for a book club. C．Advice on joining a book club. D．Ways to start a book club. 4．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何开始一个读书俱乐部，详细给出了方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段提到的“and usually clubs meet monthly.”可知，俱乐部通常每月见面一次。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Your club can choose books in different ways. You can take turns (轮流) to recommend books. Let everyone vote (投票) to decide which book to read. ”可知，是让每个人推荐要阅读的书，recommend books意为“推荐书籍”，与D项意思相近，故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Starting a book club is easy— all you need is to love reading. Here’s the way to start a book club.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何开始一个读书俱乐部，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。从文章结构看，第一段是引出主题，二、三、四、五段是开始俱乐部的具体方法，最后一段是总结，符合B图所示的结构。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·阿克苏地区·期末） Your best friend’s birthday is coming, and you want to have a great party for her at your house. Here are some tips (建议) for you. First, start planning at least 3 weeks in advance (提前) and talk to your friend to get an idea of what she wants. It’s important to know what kind of party she wants and how many people to invite. Second, choose a date. If your friend’s birthday isn’t on weekends, Friday evenings are usually the best time to have a party. Third, make a list of everything you need and keep it with you at all times. Have everything ready several days before the party. You can buy some food, a cake and birthday candles too. Finally, have fun and celebrate your friend’s birthday. 1．If you have a party ________, the tips are for you. A．at school B．at a restaurant C．at your house D．in a park 2．When should you start planning the party? A．At least 3 days before the party. B．At least 3 weeks before the party. C．On your friend’s birthday. D．After your birthday party. 3．If your friend’s birthday is on Wednesday, you’d better have the party ________. A．on Tuesday evening B．on Wednesday evening C．on Friday evening D．on Saturday evening 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The list. B．Everything. C．The party. D．Some food. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了为朋友举办派对的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Your best friend’s birthday is coming, and you want to have a great party for her at your house. Here are some tips (建议) for you.”可知是在你家举办派对。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, start planning at least 3 weeks in advance”可知至少提前3周开始计划。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“If your friend’s birthday isn’t on weekends, Friday evenings are usually the best time to have a party.”可知如果你朋友的生日不在周末，周五晚上通常是举办聚会的最佳时间。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Third, make a list of everything you need and keep it with you at all times”可知列出你需要的一切，并随时随身携带，故此处it指代“清单”。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·兵团第二师铁门关市·期末） There are some special activities to celebrate birthdays in different countries. In some American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration when they are 15. After the special celebration, the girls will dance with their fathers and other boys. In many English-speaking countries, a 21st birthday cake often has a key on it. These mean the child already grow up. In China, when a child is one, the family will also have a special activity. People call it “Zhuazhou”. It’s a fun activity on a baby’s first birthday. On that day, parents usually put a small table on the bed. On the table, there are some books, pens, rulers, food, toys and some other things. Then parents put their baby in the middle of the things, and the baby can take anything on it. When a baby takes a book or pen, people say he or she will be good at studying. When a baby takes food or a pot, people say he or she will be a good cook. When a baby takes a cake or a toy, people say he or she will know how to have a good time in life. They are all the parents’ wishes for the baby. 1．How old is a child when the birthday cake has a key on it? A．1 year old. B．15 years old. C．21 years old. D．We don’t know. 2．How old is a baby when he or she has the activity “Zhuazhou”? A．1 week old. B．1 month old. C．1 year old. D．100 days old. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to (指代) ________. A．the bed B．the table C．the cake D．the book 4．If a baby takes a ping-pong ball, what will people say? A．He/She will be a good cook. B．He/She will be good at studying. C．He/She will have a lot of ping-pong balls. D．He/She will be good at sports. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的一些特殊的庆祝生日的活动。 1．细节理解题。根据“In many English-speaking countries, a 21st birthday cake often has a key on it. These mean the child already grow up.”可知，21岁的生日蛋糕上通常有一把钥匙。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In China, when a child is one, the family will also have a special activity. People call it ‘Zhuazhou’.”可知，婴儿一岁时进行“抓周”活动。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“On the table, there are some books, pens, rulers, food, toys and some other things. Then parents put their baby in the middle of the things, and the baby can take anything on it.”可知，在桌子上，有一些书，笔，尺子，食物，玩具和其他一些东西。然后父母把他们的宝宝放在东西中间，宝宝可以拿任何东西。因此“it”指代“the table”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“When a baby takes a book or pen, people say he or she will be good at studying. When a baby takes food or a pot, people say he or she will be a good cook. When a baby takes a cake or a toy, people say he or she will know how to have a good time in life. They are all the parents’ wishes for the baby.”可推知，如果一个婴儿拿了一个乒乓球，人们将会说他/她擅长运动。故选D。 主题04 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆喀什地区莎车县·期末） ①Students like sports in the world. There are many kinds of sports. Many students like to play them. ②In China, students like playing ping-pong best. They often play it after class. They like basketball and volleyball, too. They are busy at school, so they don’t often play sports. ③In America, students play sports every day. They often play basketball. But soccer is their favourite sport. They like swimming and running, too. They think sports are great. ④In France, ________. They like watching football games on TV. They often play sports with their family or friends on Saturdays and Sundays. They like sports very much. ⑤Playing sports can keep us healthy and it can make us happy. Let’s do sports! 1．What is students’ favourite sport in China? A．Baseball. B．Basketball. C．Volleyball. D．Ping-pong. 2．In America, what sport do students often play? A．Soccer. B．Running. C．Basketball. D．Swimming. 3．Which one can be put in ________? （下面哪一句可以放在文中缺失部分？） A．students don’t like sports B．students do sports every day C．students don’t like watching games D．students love watching football games and playing sports 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国、美国和法国学生喜欢的体育运动。 1．细节理解题。根据“In China, students like playing ping-pong best.”可知，在中国，学生最喜欢打乒乓球，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“They often play basketball.”可知，美国学生经常打篮球，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“They like watching football games on TV. They often play sports with their family or friends on Saturdays and Sundays. They like sports very much.”可知，他们喜欢看电视上的足球比赛。他们经常在周六和周日和家人或朋友一起做运动。他们非常喜欢运动。选项D“学生们喜欢看足球比赛和做运动”符合语境，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述学生喜欢运动，第二、三、四分别介绍中国、美国、法国的情况，第五段总结运动的好处。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Hi, boys and girls! Welcome to our museum. It’s free. You don’t have to pay any money. But we have some rules for you. Please remember them and do as I say. Firstly, don’t have food or drink here. You may make our museum dirty. Secondly, you can take photos here, but don’t touch (触摸) the things here. Thirdly, keep quiet in the museum. Don’t talk loudly. Fourthly, the museum is not open after five o’clock in the afternoon. Please leave (离开) before five p.m.. Have a good time here! Thank you. 1．There are some rules for a ________. A．store B．park C．school D．museum 2．What’s the Chinese meaning of the word “free” in the article? A．免费的 B．迅速的 C．高兴的 D．自由的 3．Students can ________ in the museum. A．have food and drink B．take photos C．touch the things D．talk loudly 4．Students can stay in the museum ________. A．all day B．before 5:00 a.m. C．before 5:00 p.m. D．after 5:00 p.m. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了博物馆的免费政策以及参观时需要遵守的四条规则，包括禁止饮食、可拍照但禁止触摸展品、保持安静和下午五点前离开。 1．细节理解题。根据“Welcome to our museum. It’s free. You don’t have to pay any money. But we have some rules for you.”可知，这些规则是针对博物馆的。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“You don’t have to pay any money.”可知，“free”在这里的意思是“免费的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, don’t have food or drink here.”“but don’t touch (触摸) the things here.”“Thirdly, keep quiet in the museum. Don’t talk loudly.”“Secondly, you can take photos here”可知，学生可以在博物馆里拍照。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Fourthly, the museum is not open after five o’clock in the afternoon. Please leave (离开）before five p.m..”可知，学生可以在下午五点前待在博物馆里。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第六十八中学·期末） 阅读下面的材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确选项。 Rules are very important in our life. In school, we have many rules. For example, we must arrive at school on time. We can’t be late. We have to wear school uniforms. We can’t eat in the classroom. We should keep the classroom clean and quiet. In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books. We can borrow books, but we must return them on time. At home, our parents make some rules for us, too. We have to help with housework. We can’t watch TV for too long. We must go to bed early. Rules help us live a better life. We should follow them. 1．What can’t we do in the classroom? A．Listen to the teacher. B．Wear school uniforms. C．Eat ice-cream. D．Keep quiet. 2．What must we do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Keep quiet. C．Borrow many books. D．Read books quickly. 3．Why do our parents make rules for us at home? A．Because they don’t want us to do anything. B．Because they want us to do housework instead of (代替) them. C．Because they want us to live a better life. D．Because they want us to watch TV for a long time. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Rules in school. B．Rules in the library. C．Rules at home. D．Rules in life. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了在学校、图书馆和家庭中要遵守的规则。 1．细节理解题。根据“We can’t eat in the classroom.”可知，在教室里不能吃冰淇淋。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books.”可知，在图书馆必须保持安静。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Rules help us live a better life.”可推知，父母制定家规是为了让孩子生活得更好。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在学校、图书馆和家庭中要遵守的规则。因此主旨是“生活中的规则”。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25七年级下·乌鲁木齐市第十三中学·期末） Rules are very important in our life. In school, we have many rules. For example, we must arrive at school on time. We can’t be late. We have to wear school uniforms on weekdays. We can’t eat in the classroom. We should keep the classroom clean and quiet. In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books. We can borrow books, but we must return them on time. At home, our parents make some rules for us, too. We have to help with housework. We can’t watch TV for too long. We must go to bed early. Rules help us live a better life. We should follow them. 1．What can’t we do in the classroom? A．Listen to the teacher. B．Wear school uniforms. C．Eat. D．Keep quiet. 2．What must we do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Be quiet. C．Borrow many books. D．Read books quickly. 3．Why do our parents make rules for us at home? A．Because they don’t want us to do anything. B．B．Because they want us to help with housework. C．Because they want us to live a better life. D．Because they want us to watch TV for a long time. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Rules in school. B．Rules in the library. C．Rules at home. D．Rules are important and we should follow them. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了规则很重要，我们应该遵守规则。 1．细节理解题。根据“We can’t eat in the classroom.”可知不能在教室吃东西，故选C。    2．细节理解题。根据“In the library, we can’t talk loudly. We must be quiet when we read books.”可知，在图书馆必须安静，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Rules help us live a better life. We should follow them.”可知，父母制定规则是为了让我们生活得更好，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Rules are very important in our life.”及“We should follow them.”可知，文章的主旨是规则很重要且我们应该遵守，故选D。 主题01 人与自然——环保与科技 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） “Green” seats in the Paris 2024 Are you looking forward to (期待) 2024 Olympic Games? Paris 2024 promises (承诺) to be a “green” event (盛会). Its organizers (组织者) have found a new way of going green: in some of the venues (场馆) in Seine-Saint-Denis, about 11,000 seats are made from recycled plastic (可回收利用的塑料). The seats were produced by recycling company Lemon Tri and a few partners (合作伙伴). They collected plastic waste and turned it into small pieces. These pieces were then mixed together and heated (加热). After that, they were compressed (压缩) in machines. The result was black or white plastic sheets (薄片) with flecks (斑点) of various (各种各样的) colours. These sheets were then sanded (打磨), cut and assembled(组装)into seats. Are these seats of good quality (质量)? Don’t worry! A number of tests have been carried out on them. There were a UV resistance (抗紫外线) test, a fire resistance (抵抗) test, and more. People will be able to sit safely in the chairs and enjoy the excitement of the game! The seats were made from about 100 tons of plastic waste. Most of the plastic waste came from local recycling bins. Local schools also collected about five million coloured plastic bottle caps and they were used in the making of the seats. The seats not only help the environment, but also educate people about recycling. Augustin Jaclin is the co-founder (联合创始人) of Lemon Tri. “Our kids put their bottles in the bins,” he said. “They’ll sit on the seats made from these bottles. This will teach them to recycle more in their daily lives!” 1．The seats were made from about________ tons of plastic waste. A．80 B．100 C．500 D．11,000 2．The plastic waste was collected from ________. ①local schools    ②local recycling bins    ③local plastic producers A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③ 3．Augustin Jaclin is ________ of Lemon Tri. A．the only manager B．the only founder C．one of the managers D．one of the founders 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Lemon Tri is a plastic company. B．There are colorful flecks on the recycled plastic seats. C．Some glass bottles were used in the making of the seats. D．It is not safe to sit on the recycled plastic seats. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 2024 年巴黎奥运会部分场馆中由回收塑料制成的“绿色座椅”，包括座椅的制作过程、原材料来源、质量检测及环保意义等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“The seats were made from about 100 tons of plastic waste.”可知，这些座椅是由大约100吨塑料废料制成的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Most of the plastic waste came from local recycling bins. Local schools also collected about five million coloured plastic bottle caps...”可知，塑料垃圾来自当地回收箱②和当地学校①，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Augustin Jaclin is the co-founder of Lemon Tri.”可知，他是联合创始人之一，即“one of the founders”，故选D。 4．细节理解题。Lemon Tri是回收公司，不是塑料公司， 选项A错误；根据第二段“The result was black or white plastic sheets with flecks of various colours.”可知，回收塑料座椅上有彩色斑点， 选项B正确；文中说用的是塑料瓶盖等，未提及玻璃瓶，选项C错误；根据第三段“A number of tests have been carried out on them...People will be able to sit safely in the chairs.”可知，座椅安全， 选项D错误。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Look! Here comes a cute bus. It looks like a panda with black ears and big eyes. It can take 22 people and is about 12 meters long. A group of Chinese people made it. People call it Smart Panda Bus. The Smart Panda Bus can do many things. It uses AI technology. The bus can drive by itself. Don’t worry! It’s very safe. When you get on the bus, you can scan (扫描) your face. The bus will read your face and know who you are. There are also robots (机器人) on the bus. You can talk to them and ask them for help. If there is a thief (小偷) on the bus, the bus will call the police. On the bus, there is a vending machine (自动售卖机). You can buy food and drinks there. This can save you much time. People in some cities, such as Changzhou in Jiangsu, Wuhan in Hubei and Deyang in Sichuan, can take the bus. Do you want to take the bus? More cities in China will put the bus into use. I think you can take the bus in your city soon. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The Smart Panda Bus comes from ________. A．India B．Africa C．America D．China 2．The Smart Panda Bus is ________. A．cheap B．quiet C．safe D．expensive 3．The “vending machine” can ________ on the bus. A．tell stories B．make a wish C．take a message D．sell food 4．Paragraph 2 tells us ________. A．who made the bus B．what the bus can do C．how the bus drives D．what the robots can’t do 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍智能熊猫巴士（Smart Panda Bus），包括其外观、制造者、具备的功能（自动驾驶、人脸识别、机器人服务、自动售卖机）及应用城市等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“A group of Chinese people made it.”可知，智能熊猫巴士来自中国，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Don’t worry! It’s very safe.”可知，巴士很安全，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“On the bus, there is a vending machine (自动售卖机). You can buy food and drinks there.”可知，自动售卖机可卖食物，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。第二段讲巴士能用AI自动驾驶、人脸识别、有机器人、能报警等功能，即“what the bus can do（巴士能做什么）”，故选B。 主题02 人与自然——动物与生态 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） 阅读下面材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。 Many people say dolphins (海豚) are clever. They can think, understand, and learn things fast. Scientists say dolphins and people are similar (相似) in some ways. Let’s have a look ! Talk Like people, every dolphin has its own “name”, a special whistle (哨声). Each dolphin chooses a whistle for itself, usually by its first birthday. By using special sounds and body language, they “talk” to each other about a lot of things, such as their age, their feelings, and possible dangers. Play Dolphins usually stay together. They live in groups (群), and they often join others from different groups to play games— just like people. Scientists believe playing together is something only clever animals do. Teamwork Dolphins and humans are similar in another way: they both make plans for getting things they want. For example, dolphins use a smart way to get food. When there are fish near a boat, dolphins make a sound or an action to the fishermen to put their nets in the water. With the dolphins’ help, the men can catch a lot of fish. Why do dolphins help fishermen? Because they can eat some fish that run out from the net. 1．How do dolphins “talk” to each other about a lot of things? A．By running. B．By using special sounds and body language. C．By swimming. D．By shouting. 2．What does “others” refer to in paragraph 3 ? A．Other fishermen. B．Other people. C．Other kids. D．Other dolphins. 3．Why do dolphins sometimes help fishermen? A．Because they are very kind, just like people. B．Because the fishermen ask them for help. C．Because they can eat some fish that run out from the net. D．Because they are helpful. 4．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．Clever People B．Delicious Food C．Amazing Animals D．Exciting Games 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海豚与人类的相似之处，包括交流方式、社交游戏和团队合作。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“By using special sounds and body language, they ‘talk’ to each other about a lot of things”可知，海豚通过声音和肢体语言交流。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“They live in groups, and they often join others from different groups to play games”可知，它们群居生活，并经常加入其他群体的成员一起玩游戏。结合上下文可知，“others”指代其他海豚。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Because they can eat some fish that run out from the net”可知，海豚帮助渔民是为了吃到从网里跑出来的鱼。故选C。 4．推理判断题。全文围绕海豚的智慧行为展开，如交流、游戏和合作，属于动物类主题。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·新疆吐鲁番市实验中学·期末） An adult has about 100,000 hairs. Each hair is only about 0.1mm thick. But it can hold up to 100 grams (克). So, all of a person’s hair could hold up to 2 elephants. Each day, a person can lose about 100 hairs. Also, people often need to cut their hair. So, in this way, people create a lot of hair waste. People usually burn the waste. But it’s bad for people’s health because it makes harmful gases (有害气体). What can we do with our dropped hair? Hair can be plant helper. About 17% of human hair is nitrogen (氮). It can help plants grow better. So, it’s a good idea to mix and put hair in the soil. For example, it can help tomatoes to grow bigger and sweeter. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many hairs can an adult lose in a week? A．About 100,000. B．About 700. C．About 700,000. D．About 100. 2．What do people usually do with the hair waste? A．Burn them. B．Throw them away. C．Eat them. D．Sell them. 3．Why is dropped human hair helpful for plants growing? A．Because human hair always grows fast. B．Because all of a person’s hair could hold up to 2 elephants. C．Because 17% of human hair is nitrogen. D．Because it can help plants grow worse. 4．Where can we read this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a magazine. C．In a science newspaper. D．In a textbook. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文从头发结构切入，探讨头发废弃物的环保处理方式，重点提出头发作为天然氮肥可促进植物生长的创新用途。 【详解】77．推理判断题。根据“Each day, a person can lose about 100 hairs.”可知，每天，一个人会掉下大约 100 根头发，一周大约会掉700根头发，故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“So, in this way, people create a lot of hair waste. People usually burn the waste.”可知，人们通常会燃烧头发废料，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“About 17% of human hair is nitrogen”可知，因为人类头发中约有 17% 的成分是氮，故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，本文从头发结构切入，探讨头发废弃物的环保处理方式，重点提出头发作为天然氮肥可促进植物生长的创新用途，属于科学范畴，故选C。 主题03 人与社会——规则与场所 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·新疆伊犁伊宁市·期末） When we talk about Chinese and Western (西方的) restaurants, the differences are big. One difference is in the menu. Western menus are usually descriptive (描写的). From a Western menu, you can know what is in each dish, and how those dishes are cooked. You can also know if a dish is fried or steamed (蒸). Chinese menus don’t usually tell you these things. But you can see a lot of pictures. Most Western restaurant menus don’t have many pictures. In some Western restaurants, the menus might not have any pictures at all. The names of Chinese dishes are usually not very descriptive. Mapo tofu is a very nice name. However, it doesn’t tell you anything about this dish. But with a picture, you can see what is in this dish. It has tofu, wild peppers and spring onion. Pictures make dishes attractive (吸引人的). And they can also make people feel good about eating in the restaurant. 1．From a Western menu, you can’t know ________. A．what is in each dish B．how the dishes are cooked C．if a dish is fried or steamed D．who can serve the dish to you 2．What can you see in a Chinese menu? A．All information. B．Many descriptions. C．A lot of pictures. D．Descriptive names. 3．What dish is mentioned in paragraph 4? A．Beijing roast duck. B．Mapo tofu. C．Fish soup. D．Hot pot. 4．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Pictures. B．Food. C．Customers. D．Menus. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要对比了中西方菜单的差异，重点描述了西方菜单的详细描述性和中国菜单的图片展示特点。 1．细节理解题。根据“From a Western menu, you can know what is in each dish, and how those dishes are cooked. You can also know if a dish is fried or steamed (蒸).”可知，从西方菜单中，你可以知道每道菜的成分、烹饪方式以及是否煎炸或蒸煮。但看不出谁为你上菜。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Chinese menus don’t usually tell you these things. But you can see a lot of pictures.”可知，在中国菜单上可以看到很多图片。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Mapo tofu is a very nice name.”可知，第四段提到了麻婆豆腐。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Pictures make dishes attractive”可知，图片能让人对在餐厅用餐感到愉悦。“they”指代前句的主语“Pictures”。故选A。 主题04 人与社会——工作犬与援助 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·阿克苏地区·期末） ①Most people have dogs as pets. They are “man’s best friends”. Dogs make a big difference to our daily life. We see, we hear, and we feel dogs everywhere. There is no doubt that dogs are friends to us. ②On September 11,2001, terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the US and 3,000 people died. At that time over 300 dogs were there to help to nearly find and save people. Dogs can help us work better in many ways as working dogs. ③The most common jobs for working dogs are in search and rescue. They can find lost people or bodies after a big disaster (灾难) or in the wild. ④Guide dogs can help blind people walk safely. To help blind people, dogs need to be trained in training schools for a long time and learn many skills, such as finding and following a clearway and moving around obstacles (障碍物). They will stop when the traffic light is red and keep walking when it turns green. ⑤There are also dogs working with doctors. They can help autistic (自闭症的) children. These children sometimes don’t talk and like to do the same things again and again. A study from Canada showed that dogs could make these children feel relaxed and safe. ⑥Herding dogs are important to sheep owners. They keep the sheep safe. They are common in Australia, New Zealand and some parts of China. Nowadays, many people have them as pets. 1．What does the underlined word “attacked” most probably mean? A．Arrived. B．Hit. C．Attracted. D．Killed. 2．What can the guide dogs do according to the passage? A．They can guide the blind without training. B．They will move the things away in the way. C．They can find a wide and empty way for the blind. D．They will stop or walk according to the traffic lights. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Dogs are our friends. B．All the dogs are clever enough to help people. C．Dogs can fight against terrorists to protect people. D．If a kid is always nervous and lonely, a dog may be a helper. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了狗不仅是人类的宠物，还可以在不同领域帮助人类，如搜救、导盲、治疗自闭症儿童等。 【详解】69．词句猜测题。根据“On September 11,2001, terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the US and 3,000 people died.”可知，2001年9月11日，恐怖分子袭击美国，造成3000人死亡。attacked意为“袭击”，与hit同义，故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“They will stop when the traffic light is red and keep walking when it turns green.”可知，导盲犬会根据交通信号灯的变化停止或行走。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“A study from Canada showed that dogs could make these children feel relaxed and safe.”可知，狗可以帮助自闭症儿童感到放松和安全。因此可以推断，如果一个孩子总是感到紧张和孤独，狗可能会成为他的帮手。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。分析全文可知，文章第一段指出狗是人类的朋友；第二段引入工作犬；三至六段每段分别介绍了一类工作犬，因此，文章的结构是先总述，再分述。选项A的图示符合这种结构，故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $