上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一第二学期期中考试英语试卷

**基本信息** 试卷以文化传承与现实议题为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质考查，通过听力、语法词汇、完形填空等模块，全面检测高一年级学生的综合语言运用能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力理解|25’|日常交际、篇章主旨|短对话聚焦情感态度与场景判断，篇章涉及工作素养与健康话题，情境真实贴近生活| |语法词汇|42’|非谓语、时态、词汇辨析|语法填空以太极拳文化为素材，考查分词、从句等；选词填空围绕时间管理与幸福观，强化语境词义匹配| |完形填空|30’|上下文逻辑、词汇运用|主题涵盖家庭烹饪分工与自然缺失症，注重文化对比与生活反思，培养语篇连贯思维| |阅读理解|38’|细节理解、推理判断|选材包括救援事件、科技手术、蝾螈保护等，融合社会热点与科普知识，提升信息筛选与批判性思维| |翻译|15’|基础句型、词汇运用|句子涉及书籍插图、移民现象等，考查结构表达与词汇精准运用，贴近现实议题|

2024学年高一第二学期期中考试英语试卷 出卷：金亚伦 审卷：张依 I. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A (10’) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted. 2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10. 3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant. C. A saleswoman. D. A waitress. 4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store. 5. A. He hasn’t had a chance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news. C. He didn’t know that Kathy was being moved. D. His new office will be located in New York. 6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver. C. There are no flights to Toronto. D. There are two direct flights to Toronto. 7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about George’s remarks. C. George does not care about her. D. George shouldn’t have said much about her. 8. A. She can’t afford that much for a trip. B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C. She doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting. 10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident. B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. C. The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. D. The man’s daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home. Section B (15’) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Future researchers. B. College students. C. Company employees. D. Successful artists. 12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries. C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs. D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities. 13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit. C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly. 15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory. C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it. 16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life. C. It can make people’s hearts stronger. D. It helps prevent cancers. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours. C. He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night. 18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom. C. To release pressure from heavy work. D. To look for information for his project. 19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet. C. A lot of information can be found. D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet. 20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests. B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites. C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom. D. It’s hardly the best source of information available. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (42’) Section A (12’) Directions: After reading the sentence or the passage, fill in the blanks by using the given word in the bracket to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. Chinese Taijiquan is a traditional martial art ___21___(bear) in the village of Chenjiagou in Henan Province in the mid-17th century. It is now a popular form of exercise ___22___ is practiced by over 100 million people in more than 150 countries and regions. There are five major schools of Taijiquan -- Chen, Yang, Wu (Hao), Wu, and Sun (陈式、杨式、武/郝式、吴式、孙式). These styles were named after the masters or their families who popularized them. ___23___ each school has its own characteristics, the basic principles remain the same. In China, Taijiquan has entered schools and various communities. People of all ages practice the sport in parks, squares, and even on the sides of the road. Generally, they practice ___24___ simple routine called Bafa Wubu, namely eight techniques and five steps. It was developed ___25___(base) on the five major styles. Taijiquan’s growing popularity can be partly explained by its health benefits. Its slow, gentle movements promote the harmony of mind and body, ___26___(improve) mobility, suppleness(柔韧性), and mental alertness. Studies also suggest that regular practice ___27___ lower blood pressure, reduce anxiety, and benefit the immune system. In addition, it is said to be beneficial to the digestive, cardiovascular(心血管的) and respiratory(呼吸的) systems. Taijiquan is one of ___28___(important) wushu events promoted by the International Wushu Federation. Since 2014, the organization ___29___(hold) the World Taijiquan Championships every two years. This provides an opportunity ___30___ Taijiquan enthusiasts around the world to communicate with each other. In recent years, this sport has also seen increased global recognition. In January 2020, it was included ___31___ a medal sport at the Dakar 2026 Youth Olympic Games. Taijiquan is not just a sport for fitness, ___32___ ___32___ an embodiment(体现) of Chinese culture and philosophy. As efforts continue to be made to promote it, this gem of Chinese cultural heritage is sure to shine on a bigger stage. Section B (30’) Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the boxes. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) A. modernity B. misery C. instead D. patent AB. limits AC. passionate AD. granted BC. outlook BD. favored CD. blessed ABC. exhausting Time: is there ever enough of it? In today’s modern world, most of us are __33__ with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier? A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth” of being busy suggests that while __34__ brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we’re missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the __35__ of our time and our ability to use it effectively. While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) __36__ on life that’s a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds” and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment. Another thing technology has __37__ us is the blurring (难以区分) between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it’s also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being “on” is a(n) __38__ state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed. Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a __39__ strategy. But if you don’t have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more __40__. People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don’t feel __41__ about, it’s no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn’t be to figure out how to do more, but __42__ to figure out how to want less. (B) A. challenging B. costly C. exclusion D. guaranteed AB. necessarily AC. performed AD. scale BC. similarly BD. suffering CD. tracked ABC. vain Is more happiness always better than less? The researchers asked college students to rate their feelings on a __43__ from “unhappy” to “very happy” and compared the results with academic and social outcomes. Though the “very happy” participants had the best social lives, they __44__ worse in school than those who were merely “happy”. The researchers then examined a data set from another study that rated college freshman’s “cheerfulness” and __45__ their income nearly two decades later. They found that the most cheerful were not the highest earners. That distinction once again went to the second-highest group, which rated their cheerfulness as “above average”. As with everything in life, happiness has its trade-offs. Pursuing happiness to the __46__ of other goals -- known as psychological hedonism(享乐主义) -- not only is in __47__ , but may also give you a life where you do not reach your full potential, where you are unwilling to take risks, where you choose temporary pleasures over __48__ experiences that give life meaning. The way to understand the study above is not to deny that happiness is good; rather, it is to remember that a little bit of unhappiness has benefits. When I talk with people about their fear of negative outcomes in life, their true source of fear, in many cases, centers on how they will feel about having failed, not about the consequences of failure itself. This is similar to the way discomfort with uncertainty causes more anxiety than __49__ bad news. To avoid these bad feelings, people give up all kinds of opportunities that involve the possibility of failure. However, bringing good things into your life, whether love or career success, usually involves risk. Risk does not, of course, __50__ make us happy. A risky life will very likely bring disappointment, but it can bring greater rewards than a life played safe, as the studies suggested. None of this is to say that we are foolish for wanting to be happy. On the contrary, the desire for happiness is natural and normal. However, making the quest for positive feelings your highest or only goal is a(n) __51__ life strategy. Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so sacrifices many of the elements of a good life. As the Canadian-American psychologist Paul Bloom wrote, “It’s the __52__ we choose that affords the most opportunity for pleasure, meaning, and personal growth.” III. Cloze (30’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) Family holiday meals often involve lots of time spent bent over cutting boards, peeking in the oven and basting meats. There's often a __53__ left to clean up at the end. Who __54__ most of these duties? Gallup and Cookpad conducted a worldwide survey to find out. Data from their survey of trends in home cooking show that in almost every country in the world, women cooked more than men. In 2022, women made, on average, close to nine meals a week, while men cooked about four. The __55__, of course, leaves many women frustrated. Emily Kephart, a 41-year-old mother of two, says she enjoyed being in __56__ of food when it was just her and her husband, but having kids changed the equation(平衡局面). “Now we have two children and two full-time jobs and I still do 100% of the grocery shopping and meal planning, and about 75% of the actual cooking or food preparation,” she says. While other duties are divided pretty __57__, Kephart says, she still gets annoyed with her spouse: “When I'm away or have other plans, more often than not my husband gets the ‘__58__’ ticket -- they order pizza or eat some freezer chicken nuggets.Why does he get the free dinner pass?” The only country where men cook more meals than women, the survey finds, is Italy. This, several Italian-American readers say, __59__ them not one bit. “For us Italians, knowing and creating good food is a matter of extreme __60__ ,” writes Gabrielle DiFonzo. “Food is a very important part of our culture and heritage. For men, cooking is seen as a manly activity,” she writes. Second generation Italian-American Olivia Box spent last year in Italy, and noticed that her male cousins were always cooking and talking about food. “Cooking for Italians is not a chore; it is a part of their __61__,” Box says. While women tend to cook more than men in the U.S., some men are starting to __62__ the art and science of cooking as a hobby to be proud of. Lisa Kulisek from Chicago says her kids prefer her husband's cooking. When they met, he couldn't cook, so she taught him some __63__.He has since taught himself more about the science of cooking and __64__ it. Kuliseck hopes more men follow her husband's__65__. “Maybe we just have to __66__ the men who are already cooking to do it more often. They might find it a great way to deal with stress while reducing their partner's stress and __67__ a great skill for their kids.” 53. A. gift B. mess C. tip D. warning 54. A. depends on B. longs for C. takes up D. turns down 55. A. disadvantage B. imbalance C. misunderstanding D. uncertainty 56. A. charge B. favor C. search D. pursuit 57. A. accurately B. fairly C. randomly D. strangely 58. A. cheap B. easy C. fresh D. rare 59. A. delighted B. embarrassed C. scared D. surprised 60. A. anxiety B. pressure C. pride D. gratitude 61. A. generosity B. identity C. opportunity D. personality 62. A. abandon B. embrace C. resist D. suspect 63. A. common knowledge B. gardening essentials C. cooking basics D. math principles 64. A. fallen in love with B. kept in touch with C. lost interest in D. make fun of 65. A. advice B. dream C. lead D. trouble 66. A. beg B. encourage C. force D. permit 67. A. fetching B. modeling C. ordering D. providing (B) In the early 1980s, a Harvard University biologist named Edward O. Wilson proposed a theory that humans are instinctively __68__ towards their natural surroundings. Many 21st century parents, however, would question this theory, as they watch their kids express a clear __69__ for sitting on a couch in front of a screen over playing outside. The national panic about kids spending too much time indoors has become so __70__ that the crisis has a name: Nature deficit disorder, which indicates kids spend significantly more time inside than outside. This __71__ is largely due to technology. Richard Louv, author of the book Last Child in the Woods tells the story of interviewing a child who told him that he liked playing indoors more than outdoors “because that’s where all the electrical outlets are.” Increasing parental fears about diseases and dangers of playing outside -- despite evidence to the __72__ -- are another big factor. And as suburbs continue to expand, nature is parceled off more, and kids seem less inclined to spend time in a fenced-in yard, __73__ jump the fence into a neighbor’s or walk in the woods. Instead, indoor activities can seem easier, safer, and even more sociable for kids who are growing up with multiplayer video games and social media accounts. Why go outside? Recent studies have exposed the benefit -- even __74__ -- of spending time outdoors that kids who play outside are smarter, happier, more attentive, and less anxious than kids who spend more time indoors. While it’s unclear how exactly the cognitive functioning and mood improvements occur, there are a few things we do know about why nature is good for kids’ minds. It builds confidence and promotes creativity. The way that kids play in nature has a lot less structure than most types of indoor play. There are __75__ ways to interact with outdoor environments, from the backyard to the park to the local hiking trail, and letting your children choose how they treat nature means they have the power to control their own actions. They can also think more freely, design their own activities and approach the world in __76__ ways. It teaches responsibility. Living things die if __77__, and entrusting a child to take care of the living parts of their environment means they’ll learn what happens when they forget to water a plant, or pull a flower out by its roots. It provides different __78__. Nature may seem less exhilarating(兴奋的) than your son’s video game, but __79__, it activates more senses—you can see, hear, smell, and touch outdoor environments. “As the young spend less and less of their lives in natural surroundings, their senses narrow,” Louv warns, “and this reduces the __80__ of human experience.” It makes them think. Louv says that nature creates a unique sense of __81__ for kids that no other environment can provide. The phenomena that occur naturally in backyards and parks every day make kids ask questions about the earth and the life that it supports. So while screen time is the easier, more popular choice, it’s important to set aside time for __82__ play. 68. A. reacted B. drawn C. gestured D. pushed 69. A. signal B. guilt C. indication D. preference 70. A. biased B. unreasonable C. undeniable D. extreme 71. A. symptom B. shift C. mindset D. assumption 72. A. disappointment B. point C. contrary D. impact 73. A. and meanwhile B. or worse still C. let alone D. or rather 74. A. balance B. originality C. feasibility D. necessity 75. A. limited B. infinite C. change able D. initiative 76. A. respectful B. favoured C. specific D. inventive 77. A. mistreated B. disengaged C. disposed D. mistrusted 78. A. patterns B. perspectives C. resources D. stimulation 79. A. in particular B. all the same C. in reality D. at present 80. A. richness B. insightfulness C. quality D. impressiveness 81. A. concept B. freedom C. direction D. wonder 82. A. unstructured B. outdoor C. inspiring D. sensory IV. Reading Comprehension (38’) Section A (30’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Jameson Lobb, a 24-year-old investment banker from Toronto, was just one week into his new job on Wall Street. Over the past month, he’d been settling into the New York City apartment he was sharing with his college buddy, an artificial intelligence engineer named Raphael Jafri. On Oct.4, 2023, the two were squeezing in a lunchtime workout on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. “Somebody’s in the water,” he said. Before Jafri could respond, Lobb climbed over the rail at the edge of the pier and leaped into the cold water without taking the time to remove his shoes. What Lobb had heard was an alarmed fisherman shouting nearly 50 yards away, “Help! He’s in the water!” And what he’d seen was a person floating, lifeless. Jafri didn’t need to see the victim. Maybe Lobb saw someone in the water who needs our help, he thought. Or maybe it’s Lobb who needs my help. Either way, I’m going in. He pulled off his shoes and swan-dived. Approaching the unconscious victim, Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man. He was big, around 200 pounds, respectably dressed and sinking fast. The rescuer dove, grasped the man and kicked upward until they both resurfaced. The two friends floated the man on his back. As Jafri looped his arms around the man’s shoulders and Lobb supported the hips and knees, the pair took great pains back to Pier 15. Their muscles burned as they pushed and pulled the immobile figure through the freezing water. When at last they reached Pier 15, they faced a new uncertainty. How to get out? The pier’s decking stood an unreachable 10 feet above their heads. Suddenly the man stirred, breathing again, and beat Jafri confusedly in the face before fading back to near unconsciousness. On the pier, a crowd had gathered. From somewhere, the onlookers produced a rope and a life preserver, which they threw to Jafri and Lobb. With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the man’s body slowly rose until helping hands pulled him onto the pier. Both men, thoroughly exhausted from 15-plus minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts, watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into an ambulance and drove away. Lobb and Jafri never learned who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river. In place of that knowledge, they have a story they get to tell now, another experience that has further cemented their bond. Lots of people were on the piers that day, yet only the two of them jumped in the water -- because, they say, they were the fittest people there and, so, had a moral responsibility. “If I know I’m capable,” Lobb says, “why wouldn’t I help?” Jafri adds, laughing, “People always say ‘If your friend jumps off a cliff, are you jumping?’ I think I answered that one.” 83. What’s the relationship between Lobb and Jafri? A. banker and client B. employer and employee C. workmates D. roommates 84. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Jafri rushed to be the first to rescue the victim, but he failed. B. The victim unintentionally gave Jafri a blow in the face. C. The rescue workers spent 15-plus minutes to pull the victim out. D. Lobb and Jafri were voted as the fittest to jump into the water. 85. When it comes to the difficulties in the rescue, Lobb and Jafri met with __________. ① the cold and polluted water ② the victim’s heavy weight ③ the unreachable deck ④ their muscle fatigue ⑤ onlookers’ indifference A. ① ② ③ B. ② ③ ④ C. ① ④ ⑤ D. ② ④ ⑤ 86. The best title of this story might be __________. A. The fittest survives B. Friends in deed C. No pain, no gain D. More haste, less speed (B) Magical Harry Potter Competition How to enter Simply draw your Patronus(保护神) in the postcard-sized space below. It’s entirely up to you which creature you decide to draw. Just make sure you tell us what it is. Then fill in all the details on the form and send the whole thing to us at My Patronus, The Week Junior magazine, 31-32 Alfred Place, London, WC1E 7DP. Alternatively, you can scan your entry form and email it to competiton@theweekjunior.co.uk, using the subject header MY PATRONUS. Your entry must reach us no later than June 2020. The entries will be judged by a panel that includes artist Levi Pinfold -- who illustrates the house editions of the Harry Potter books; Emily Drabble from the charity BookTrust; and Anna Bassi, editor-in-chief of The Week Junior. Winners will be announced in The Week Junior issue. One lucky overall winner will receive a huge bundle of Harry Potter prizes including: * A family ticket to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London -- The Making of Harry Potter (including up to £100 of train vouchers and up to £250 for accommodation). You’ll be able to step onto authentic sets, discover the magic behind spellbinding special effects and explore the behind-the-scenes secrets of the Harry Potter film series, located at the studios where it all began. * A personalized Hogwarts house trunk full of goodies from your chosen house. * A set of the first three Harry Potter novels in hardback in your house livery, illustrated by Levi Pinfold. * A limited-edition print of artwork from the house editions, signed by artist Levi Pinfold. * Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban hardback illustrated edition signed by Kim Kay. The winner’s school will get: * Hardback editions of all seven Harry Potter novels, with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle. * Hardback illustrated editions of the first three Harry Potter books, illustrated by Jim Kay. * The Tales of Beedle the Bard illustrated edition by Chris Riddell. * A year’s subscription to The Week Junior. Runners-up * Nine runners-up will each receive a set of the first three hardback house editions in your Hogwarts house livery. Their school will get a complete set of Harry Potter hardbacks with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle, and a year's subscription to The Week Junior. 87. To enter for the competition, participants must __________. A. send the completed form to charity BookTrust B. draw and describe their chosen Patronus C. purchase a complete set of Harry Potter series D. agree to subscribe to The Week Junior for a year 88. What will the winner's school and the runners-up’ schools get? A. The quarterly renewal of magazine subscription. B. A set of Harry Potter novels. C. A personalized Hogwarts house trunk. D. Books illustrated by Jim Kay. 89. Which of the following is TRUE about the competition? A. The judges of the competition are illustrators and editors by profession. B. The winner list will be announced no later than June 2020. C. One lucky winner can visit the Harry Potter movie sets with his/her family. D. First prize winner may win an award of up to £350 for accommodation. (C) Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period. A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right. Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room). A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area -- similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure. Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease. 90. What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage? A. The cost of the traditional surgery is very high. B. It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body. C. Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest. D. The incision is often infected after the operation. 91. Which of the following is one DISADVANTAGE of keyhole surgery? A. It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera. B. The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly. C. The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed. D. An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance. 92. The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that _______. A. requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient B. reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure C. allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively D. eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients 93. The passage mainly tells the reader ________. A. the challenges brought about by new technology B. the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System C. the reflections on the development in medical science D. the application of new technologies in modern surgery (D) When Scientist Dr. Randal Voss does outreach events with his laboratory, he encounters people who are keen to meet his research subjects: aquatic salamanders (蝾螈) called axolotls. Take one look at an axolotl, and it’s easy to see why it’s so popular. With their wide eyes, upturned mouths and light pink coloring, axolotls look cheerful and vaguely idiot-like. But there’s more to axolotls than meets the eye: Their story is one of scientific discovery, exploitation of the natural world, and the work to rebuild humans’ connection with nature. Most amphibians, once they reach adulthood, are able to move to land. Since they breathe, in part, by absorbing oxygen through their moist skin, they tend to stay near water. Axolotls, however, never complete the transformation to a land-dwelling adult form and spend their whole lives in the water. A signature feature of the axolotls’ forever-young look is their wrinkled external gills, which help them breathe in their watery home -- the only spot they’re found in the wild: Lake Xochimilco in Mexico City. It’s a bit of a scientific mystery why axolotls don’t transform into adult, land-dwelling versions of themselves. One hypothesis, according to Dr. Luis Zambrano, a professor of zoology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, is that the environment in Lake Xochimilco had enough resources for the salamanders that “it was by far better for them not to expend energy transforming and stay in the lake.” In 1864, a French army officer brought live axolotls back to Europe, where scientists were surprised to learn that the seemingly juvenile aquatic salamanders were capable of reproduction. Since then, scientists around the world have studied axolotls and their DNA to learn about the salamanders’ unusual transformation as well as their ability to regrow injured body parts. In addition to their role in labs, axolotls have become popular in the exotic pet trade. However, the axolotls you might find at a pet shop are different from their wild relatives in Lake Xochimilco. Most wild axolotls are a dark grayish brown. The famous pink axolotls, as well as other color variants such as white, blue, yellow and black, are genetic abnormal phenomenon that are rare in the wild but selectively bred for the pet trade. What’s more, “most of the animals in the pet trade have a very small genetic divide,” Zambrano said. Pet axolotls tend to be inbred and lack the wide flow of different genes that makes up a healthy population in the wild. That means that the axolotl extinction crisis can’t simply be solved by dumping pet axolotls into Lake Xochimilco. The introduction of axolotls to Minecraft in 2021 neatly led to a slight increase in Google searches for the animals, and social media makes it easy for people to gain access to photos and videos of the salamanders. The axolotl pet trade probably doesn’t directly harm the wild populations since wild salamanders aren’t being poached or taken from Lake Xochimilco. However, axolotls’ popularity and pet stores might make people assume that because axolotls live in all the tanks around the world, they are not in danger. Getting people to recognize that their favorite, friendly faced salamander doesn’t just exist in the vacuum of the internet, but in the real world where it faces severe conservation challenges still has a long way to go. 94. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. If resources were scarce, axolotls would likely transform. B. The mystery of axolotl’s evolution has been uncovered by Luis. C. Axolotls can thrive in Lake Xochimilco with limited resources. D. Axolotls don’t have enough energy and resources to transform. 95. The author will most probably agree that __________. A. The popularity of pet axolotls has also made their wild relatives popular in pet trade B. The inbreeding of pet axolotls could cause health issues not present in wild populations C. Pet axolotls are more likely to adapt to environmental changes than their wild counterparts D. Colorful wild salamanders are so popular that they are overfished to the point of extinction 96. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A. Social media could mislead the public into thinking that axolotls are not endangered. B. Social media has no significant effect on the perception of axolotls among pet owners. C. The popularity of axolotls in pop culture will directly enhance their survival in the wild. D. Increased online visibility of axolotls causes greater public support for conservation efforts. 97. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Axolotls: Cute Faces, Critical Futures B. Axolotls: Special Colors, Ultimate Pets C. Saving Axolotls: The Combined Efforts D. Studying Axolotls: From Land to Water Section B (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods. B. You are more easily annoyed and bothered. C. It is generally believed that the quality of being patient is very difficult to develop. D. Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if you don't like it. AB. Without patience, you will see the same scene as an emergency complete with yelling, frustration, hurt feelings. AC. If you lack patience, you are destined to fail in what you are pursuing. The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. ___98___ Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It's important for inner peace. ___99___ If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”. Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. ___100___ They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practice the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you'll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it's only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone-five minutes of successful patience -- you'll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person. Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You will see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn't “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. ___101___. V. Translation (15’=3’*5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 102. 读者更容易对有插图的书籍产生共鸣。(illustrate) 103. 近几十年来，许多国家见证了大批移民涌入。(scale) 104. 这部纪录片呼吁大家反思自己的日常习惯。(reflect) 105. 结果显示，残疾人使用公共交通的渠道很有限。(access) 106. 一得知这个消息，他就大哭起来。(inform) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $