专题05 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编，新疆专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 本试卷为八年级下记叙文阅读理解专题汇编，精选新疆多地期末真题，围绕“人与自我”“人与自然”“人与社会”三大主题，通过真实故事与文化素材考查语言理解与价值观，适配期末复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4-5题|细节理解（如志愿者帮助对象）、词义猜测（如“poverty”）、主旨归纳（如友谊故事寓意）|真实情境（北大支教故事）、文化融合（精卫填海与鲁滨逊对比）、价值引导（如坚持与奉献）|

专题05 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——梦想与坚持 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Sun and 16 other students from Peking University spent one year as teaching volunteers in the country’s underdeveloped areas. That was the 13th such team that the university had sent student volunteers to teach for one year in Tibet, Qinghai, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Ningxia and Shanxi since 2009. Sun volunteered as a geography teacher at a middle school in Tibet. One day, he asked each of the students to buy a map for geography studies, but only three students bought the map because they were poor. “I have heard stories about poverty of kids in these areas on TV before, but I was really sad when facing such a fact myself,” he said. Sun decided to buy the maps for the students with his own money. “When I walked into the classroom with the maps, they broke into tears, and so did I,” Sun said. The volunteers learned a lot through working in the western areas. “We realize the value of our work and feel the responsibility,” they said. “We believe no matter how hard it will be, we will surely do it better.” 1．The volunteers from the team mainly helped the ________ in the underdeveloped areas of China. A．students B．old C．farmers D．workers 2．What does the underlined word “poverty” mean in Chinese? A．遗憾 B．感动 C．贫穷 D．热情 3．Who finally bought the maps for Sun’s students? A．The volunteers in the team. B．Sun himself. C．The students themselves. D．Some people from western areas. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．None of Sun’s students could afford a map. B．Sun volunteered as a science teacher in Tibet. C．Sun volunteered in Tibet for two years. D．The volunteers in the team came from the same university. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第七十中学·期末） Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said, “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Wu Meifeng said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and brought them food, clothes and shelter. ▲ , it still brought people closer together. 1．How many people lost their homes in the last Friday storm? A．Only one. B．Seven. C．More than 200. D．Less than ten. 2．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm came? A．He was sleeping in the room. B．He was climbing the top of his house. C．He was looking for his missing child. D．He was having breakfast with his family. 3．What do we know about Mrs. Wu according to paragraph 3? A．Her family stayed safe from the storm. B．She took everything out of her house. C．She and her husband left for work together. D．Her children helped her move their house. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Because people were clever B．Even though the storm was terrible C．Although soldiers worked hard D．Because the storm was terrible Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆阿克苏·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Let’s read two stories about the superheroes from different countries. What did they do for their goals (目标)? Jingwei Tries to Fill up the Sea Once upon a time, the youngest daughter of Emperor Yan went boating on the Eastern Sea. While she was enjoying herself, a strong wind rose on the sea, and her boat sank to the sea. Her spirit turned into a beautiful bird after she died. She cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei, Jingwei”. That was why people called her “Jingwei”. The bird lived on a mountain near the sea. She was so sad that she decided to fill up the sea. Every day, she flew between the mountain and the sea, carrying stones or branches from the mountain and dropping them into the sea. One day, the sea said to Jingwei, “Poor little bird, stop doing that meaningless thing. You’ll never fill me up.” Jingwei replied, “I’ll fill you up without doubt. I will, even if it will take me thousands of years. I’ll fight on without taking a rest.” Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe is a main character from a novel named Robinson Crusoe. When Robinson first arrived on the island, he had nothing. But he found the ship and made a small boat. He brought back many things he could use—food and drink; tools, knives and guns. Although he lost everything, he didn’t lose his life. He kept working and waiting for another ship. He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house. He went with his gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. He learned to grow fruit and vegetables. He lived on the island for many years and he was saved finally. 1．Who are the superheroes in the two stories? A．Animals and birds. B．Jingwei and Robinson. C．Emperor Yan and the Eastern Sea. D．Emperor Yan and Robinson. 2．Why did people call the beautiful bird “Jingwei”? A．Because she cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei”. B．Because her father gave her the name “Jingwei”. C．Because the name of the mountain where she lived was “Jingwei”. D．Because she liked the name. 3．What did Robinson do with his knife according to the passage? A．He grew fruit and vegetables. B．He killed animals and birds for food. C．He cut down trees to build a house. D．He cut fish for food. 4．The two stories show that people should ________ to reach their goals. A．never give up B．ask for help C．keep away from difficulties D．help the weak Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 One day, a young man was on a long train journey. As time passed, he got bored. He took out his travel map and began to find out how many stops there were on his way. To his surprise, there were over 30 small stations! All these stops made him unhappy. At one small station, he asked the steward (乘务员),“Why does this trip take so long? How far is the next station?” The steward, an old man with white hair, smiled and invited him into his small office. The young man, looking really annoyed, said, “The train stops at every station. I just want to reach the end fast!” The steward answered, “I’ve worked on this train for over 30 years. I don’t care about these small stations. I only remember where I start and where I’m going, and I do my job well.” Hearing this, the young traveler became quiet. He started to think. Life is like this train journey. There are many stops along the way, but we don’t have to worry about each one. We should remember our goal and keep moving forward. 1．Why did the young man get bored during the train journey? A．Because the train couldn’t move. B．Because there were too many stops. C．Because he lost his travel map. D．Because the steward was unfriendly. 2．What does the underlined word “annoyed” mean? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Angry. D．Relaxed. 3．How long has the steward worked on the train? A．For over 10 years. B．For over 20 years. C．For over 30 years. D．For over 40 years. 4．What lesson can we learn from the story? A．We should always be impatient during a journey. B．We should pay attention to every small thing in life. C．We should try to avoid taking trains with many stops. D．We should remember our goals and keep moving forward in life. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区·期末） Once there were two neighbors. One of them was an old teacher and the other was an office worker. Both of them planted the same plants in their gardens. The old teacher gave a little water to his plants every day and didn’t always care for them, while his neighbor gave much water to his plants and looked after them well. The old teacher’s plants were simple but looked good. The office worker’s plants were much taller and greener. One night, there was a heavy rain. The next morning, the office worker saw his plants were uprooted (连根拔起), but the old teacher’s plants stood firmly (稳固地). The neighbor was surprised and went to the old teacher and asked, “We both grew the same plants together. I looked after my plants better than you did and I even gave them more water. However, my plants were uprooted, while yours weren’t. Why?” The old teacher smiled and said, “You gave your plants more water, so they didn’t need to work for it. I gave them a little water, so their roots (根) grew deeper to get more water. It made them stronger.” 1．In Paragraph (段落) 1, the old teacher ________. A．always cared about his plants B．took good care of his plants C．was too old to look after his plants D．gave his plants a little water 2．The office worker’s plants ________ after a heavy rain. A．were uprooted B．stood firmly C．became greener D．looked good 3．The old teacher planted his plants in a ________ way. A．smart B．difficult C．quick D．stupid 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Growing plants is easy. B．A heavy rain can make the plants in the garden die. C．Plants know how to look after themselves in the heavy rain. D．Too much care can make us become weak. 主题02 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区·期末） Last weekend, my mother said, “Let’s buy some new clothes for you.” I was very happy and surprised because my family didn’t have much money at that time. She took me to the clothes shop and bought me three dresses: a pink one, a purple one, a white and blue one. I loved that white and blue dress best. Lucy was my best friend. She lived across from my house. I couldn’t wait to show my beautiful dresses to her as soon as I got home. She loved all of them and was happy for me. But she also felt sad because her mother could buy her new clothes only on her birthday. So I asked her to pick one. Then she picked my favorite one—the white and blue dress! I felt a little sad at that time. She wore the new dress and I saw her smiling. Her big smile was so beautiful. I could feel her joy! So I told her it looked nice on her and gave it to her. When I told my mother about the dress, she touched my head and smiled, “I understand. You’re always my good little girl!” I shared my dress with my friend, and she shared her happiness with me. That’s friendship. And we will be best friends forever! 1．Why did the writer feel surprised when her mother planned to buy her new clothes? A．Because she just wanted a new dress at that time. B．Because her mother bought her clothes only on birthdays. C．Because her family didn’t have much money at that time. D．Because her mother never bought her clothes. 2．How did Lucy felt when the writer showed her dresses to her? A．Excited but lonely. B．Surprised but sad. C．Sad and angry. D．Happy but sad. 3．According to the passage, what can we learn? A．Lucy lived far away from the writer’s house. B．Lucy would return the white and blue dress to the writer. C．The writer’s mother is very proud of her. D．Lucy’s family was rich. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A happy shopping experience about buying dresses. B．A lovely story between a mother and a daughter. C．A story about a rich girl. D．The friendship between two lovely girls. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） “I’ll tell you a story. It’s about love. And heartbreak.” I tell my class. All eyes look up and widen. Nothing quiets a chatty group of teenagers faster than the promise of a story. This is a story I’ve told every February since I started teaching. “In sixth grade,” begin. “I fell in love. His name was David. He had no interest in me, but I wrote his name all over my diary. You get the idea.” They get the idea, laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw an envelope on my desk. With shaky hands, I opened it. There was a shiny picture of a queen with the heading, ‘To a Queen of a Valentine.’ I excitedly turned the valentine (情人节卡) over. At the bottom I saw the signature: David. Then my eyes travelled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘TO THE UGLIEST GIRL IN OUR CLASS.’” Mouths drop open. “It destroyed my Valentine’s Day. But I got over it. Now it has encouraged me to undo the cruelty of David.” I smile. “And that’s why we’ll exchange Valentine cards to celebrate kindness.” “What should we write? And do we have to sign our names?” Someone asks when I handout the cards. “Of course you sign your names. You can write something nice to anyone in the class. Remind them of something fun you remember about them.” Watching them write is always fun. But the real fun comes when they read what people wrote to them. A student drew me a valentine of a queen with the words “TO THE PRETTIEST GIRL IN THE ROOM,” and everyone signed it. That one still hangs next to my desk. After 20 years of teaching, perhaps few students remember the grammar I taught them. But if one student remembers the class they received one long-ago February, to me that makes it all worthwhile. 1．How does the writer draw her students’ attention? A．By telling a story. B．By making a card. C．By reading a diary. D．By drawing a picture. 2．What happened on Valentine’s Day when the writer was in sixth grade? A．She broke David’s heart. B．She was made fun of by David. C．She sent David a Valentine card. D．She accidentally took someone else’s card. 3．Why does the writer ask the class to exchange Valentine cards? A．To help her students to write better. B．To train her students to work together. C．To educate her students to spread kindness. D．To enable her students to remember quickly. 4．What can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．The writer felt embarrassed when receiving the valentine from her students. B．The students have a difficult time doing the Valentine card exchange activity. C．The students have no interest when the writer is talking about Valentine’s Day. D．The writer keeps sharing her experience with her students on Valentine’s Day. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） One day two young men were going through the forest. One said to the other, “We’re good friends. We must help each other. If any beast (野兽) comes at you, I’ll stay with you and help you.” The other friend said, “I will help you too, if any beast comes at you.” They walked on. After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear. The young men ran away quickly. One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up. So he threw himself at the foot of the tree. He thought to himself, “The bear will think that I am dead.” Soon the bear came near. The bear looked at the fat young man, then it put its nose down and smelled him. The young man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead, so it went away. The man in the tree came down. With a smile he asked his friend, “The bear put its mouth so near to your ear. What did it say to you?” The friend answered, “The bear said, ‘Don’t trust your friend. He ran away from you when you needed his help the most. Remember: A friend in need is a friend indeed.’” 1．The two men said they would ________ if any beast came. A．help each other B．run away C．beat the bear D．beat each other 2．Who made a great noise? A．The fat man. B．The thin man. C．The bear. D．The friend. 3．________ climbed up into a tree. A．Both young men B．The bear C．The thin man D．The fat man 4．How did the fat young man save his life? A．He pretended to be dead. B．The other man helped him. C．The bear was very kind. D．A and C． 5．Did the bear really say anything to the fat young man? A．Yes, it did. B．No, it didn’t. C．Yes, it was. D．No, it wasn’t. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Once upon a time, Yu the Great (大禹) cut a mountain with his big magic knife and made a way. It was later called the Dragon Gate, a place with magic. The Yellow River ran through it. Every spring, water ran from the top of the mountain into the river. The water was so noisy that it scared all the animals on the mountain, but the carps (鲤鱼) were not afraid. Though small, the carps were very brave. They dreamed of making their way to the Dragon Gate. There, a miracle was waiting for them. The carps tried to jump the Gate, but most failed, and there left only one little golden carp. He jumped higher and higher, and he jumped to the highest point over the river. Finally, he jumped across to a cloud. He had made it to the Dragon Gate! He could see the colorful sky, and he could touch colorful clouds. As soon as he succeeded, the little carp felt strange. He looked back at his own tail and found it grew and sparked (冒火花) and it was on fire! Suddenly, it began to rain heavily. The rain put out the fire on the carp’s tail. The little carp looked back again. His fish tail was gone, his body changed, and golden scales (鳞) covered him. He was not a fish any longer, instead, he turned into a golden dragon! 1．What can we learn about The Dragon Gate? A．Yu the Great made it with his sword. B．It was a good place full of magic. C．The Yangtze River ran through it. D．It was at the foot of the mountain. 2．What does the underlined word “miracle” mean in Paragraph Two? A．奇迹 B．侠客 C．神龙 D．神仙 3．What happened to the little carp after he got to the Dragon Gate? A．It learned to rain. B．Its body was on fire. C．It became a dragon. D．Its tail stopped growing. 4．What does the text tell us? A．All roads lead to Rome. B．Many hands make light work. C．A good medicine tastes terrible. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 5．This text probably comes from ________. A．a diary B．a newspaper C．a science magazine D．a story book Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州·期末） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker. He liked to tell funny stories to make people laugh. He also liked to play jokes on his friends. Once Mark Twain was travelling with a friend of his. His friend lost his money, so he asked Mark Twain to buy a train ticket for him. “But I don’t have enough money to buy two tickets,” said Mark Twain. His friend didn’t know what to do. “You can hide under my seat when the conductor (列车员) comes to check the tickets,” Mark Twain said to him. When the conductor came to check the tickets, Mark Twain gave him two tickets, one for himself and one for his friend. He said to the conductor, “My friend is a strange man. When he travels on a train, he does not like to sit on the seat. He likes to lie on the floor under the seat.” Everyone in the train looked at his friend under the seat and laughed. 1．Mark Twain was a writer and ______. A．scientist B．speaker C．pianist D．singer 2．Why did Mark Twain’s friend ask Mark Twain to buy a ticket for him? A．Because he was very poor. B．Because he lost his money. C．Because he arrived too late. D．Because he forgot to buy one. 3．Where was Mark Twain’s friend when the conductor came to check the tickets? A．Under the seat. B．On the seat. C．In front of Mark Twain. D．Behind Mark Twain. 4．How many tickets did Mark Twain buy? A．None. B．One. C．Two. D．Three. 5．From the story, we know that Mark Twain was a ______ man. A．shy B．strict C．serious D．funny 主题01 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆农业大学附属中学·期末） Believe it or not, I’ve been a member of the Wings flying school since I was 14. My grandfather knew I loved flying, so he booked (预订) a 30-minute flight (飞行) at the Wings flying school for me on my 14th birthday. I was really excited. Although I was a little nervous, the instructor (教练) was really friendly and he explained what was happening during the flight. Since then, I’ve been crazy about flying! Learning to fly is very expensive, and I save up all my money to pay for flying lessons. I want to get my pilot’s license (执照) next year when I’m 17. You can’t get it any younger than that. In order to get a pilot’s license, you need at least 45 flying hours. The Wings flying school is open 7 days a week. I usually go on the weekend. There are many excellent instructors. I usually ask for the same instructor because I think the same instructor knows me well, which makes it easier to learn. It also helps if you fly regularly, but I don’t have enough money to do it. I can only fly once in a while when I save up enough money. You also have to pass 9 exams! There are books you have to study, and you can also get help from the Wings instructors if you find it too difficult to study on your own. Finally, you have a flight test with an examiner (考官). Some of my friends think that it’s silly of me to spend all my money on flying lessons, but I don’t mind. For me, there is nothing more wonderful than flying a plane. 1．How did the writer feel when he got the birthday gift from his grandfather? A．Crazy. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Shocked. 2．What’s the youngest age to get a pilot’s license? A．14 years old. B．15 years old. C．16 years old. D．17 years old. 3．What does the underlined word “regularly” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．经常地 B．认真地 C．正式地 D．灵活地 4．What should one do to get a pilot’s license?   ①Pass 9 exams. ②Fly for at least 45 hours. ③Take 40 flying lessons. ④Have a final flight test. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．An excellent pilot B．Reach for my dream C．Meet a great instructor D．A famous flying school Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州第一中学·期末） There was a rich boy who lived in a small town. One day, a friend gave him a magic mirror. He liked it very much. He often looked into the mirror and he found that his face looked sad. He tried to smile and make funny faces, but his face still looked sad. Then he did many happy things, but his face always looked sad. He was so angry. The next day, he saw a little girl crying sadly on his way home from school. The rich boy went up to her and asked her what happened. The little girl said she couldn’t find her parents. “Don’t worry. I will help you.” said the boy. Then they went to look for her parents together. Finally they found her parents. The little girl and her parents were so thankful for the boy’s help. They gave the boy a big hug. Then he went back home. After he arrived home. He looked into the mirror as usual. To his surprise, his face looked happy. The boy understood the mirror. Helping others will bring the happiness. 1．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “magic”? A．用魔法变 B．魔力 C．魔术 D．有魔力的 2．The boy’s face always looked _______ in the mirror at the beginning. A．sad B．funny C．worried D．angry 3．Why was the little girl crying? A．She lost her bags. B．The boy laughed at her. C．The boy couldn’t help her. D．She couldn’t find her parents. 4．How did the rich boy help the little girl? A．He called the police. B．He went to look for the girl’s parents with her. C．He asked others for help. D．He didn’t help the girl. 5．From the story, we know that_______. A．Money is everything. B．The boy should help others. C．Helping others makes us happy. D．Being rich makes us happy. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） I’m Kate. Lulu has been my friend since I could walk. Her house is just next to mine. Sometimes if I want to play with her, I will open the window and shout her name. Being the only child in her family, Lulu often feels bored in her own place. So she often visits my family. She is like a member of my family. Lulu and I went to the same day care center, same primary school and now we are in the same middle school. We are on the same volleyball team and we practice every Monday and Thursday. After practice, either my parents or Lulu’s parents will drive us home. Lulu and I had a great friendship until I became captain (领导者) of the school drama (戏剧) club. I started the drama club and I know it well. I got quite excited when we were preparing for the-end-of-year drama last year. The teacher gave us several dramas to choose from, and I decided myself. Lulu, who was also in the drama club, was unhappy and refused to come to rehearsal (排练). I didn’t realize what the problem was until I talked to the school counselor (辅导顾问). The counselor told me, “Kate, you should not make the decision yourself. A great captain should listen to everyone else’s opinion.” This simple and short talk made me regret what I did and I said sorry to Lulu later. She came back and together we discussed and created a wonderful drama. 1．How many children are there in Lulu’s family? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Kate practices volleyball ________. A．once a week B．twice a week C．three times a week D．four times a week 3．________ made Kate realize what her problem was. A．Lulu B．The teachers C．Lulu’s parents D．The school counselor 4．The underlined word “regret” in the last paragraph means “________” in Chinese. A．宣告 B．重复 C．后悔 D．忽略 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Kate created a wonderful drama alone last year. B．Lulu and Kate started the drama club together. C．Kate and Lulu live in the same neighborhood. D．Lulu isn’t interested in playing volleyball. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 People often ask me for suggestions about how to learn English. As for it, everyone is different. I’ll share some of my experience: I once took a school year English course at Wuhan University but I mostly learned English on my own.      One thing I can tell you is that, once you’ve started learning, you should try to think in English as much as you can. If you see something when you’re riding your bike or walking down the street, just think about “How would I say them in English?” At first, it might be with simple words or phrases, but later you should think about longer phrases and sentences. Now I’m in America, and for most of the time, I would think in English and speak it directly. It’s amazing how much this helps. For several years after I started learning, I was often afraid of talking with others in English because I didn’t want to make mistakes. Finally I got it over. And while traveling in America, I’d try to hang out with friends who couldn’t speak Chinese, so that I’d have no choice but to speak English. And I also didn’t mind if I said something stupid and other people laughed at me. After that, my English started improving much more quickly. Besides, it may be a good idea to ask your American friends to look at the way you’re writing, and give you some suggestions for improvement. 1．The writer learned English at Wuhan University for about ________. A．a week B．a month C．a term D．a school year 2．According to the writer, ________ is a good way to improve your English. A．learning English grammar B．thinking in English C．watching English films D．reading English books 3．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．the writer thinks American friends can help to improve writing B．the writer preferred to go out to play with Chinese friends in America C．the writer has never been afraid of communicating with other people D．the writer did care what people thought of his mistakes in America 4．The best title for this passage can be ________. A．The Importance of English B．My American Friends C．My University Life D．My English Learning Experience 主题02 人与自然——环境与保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆塔城地区沙湾市·期末） Standing on the top of a sand dune (沙丘), Abdulkarem from Yemen looked down at a man-made forest. He was on a trip with about 30 international students from Ningxia Medical University to visit Baijitan in Ningxia, China. Abdulkarem and his schoolmates were told that the 60-kilometer-long and 30-kilometer-wide forest can help stop the sand from the Mu UsDesert. However, in the 1950s, the green space was once a desert. So how did all this happen? Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger. “It’s hard to believe,” Abdulkarem said. “My country also needs to protect people from the danger of deserts, and I see a great example here.” The students learned how to make a straw checkerboard (稻草棋盘), a method of stopping sand from moving. “It’s really difficult,” Abdulkarem said. “Controlling desertification (沙漠化) takes a lot of time and energy. I’m deeply encouraged by the spirit.” The students also visited the Museum of Baijitan. It records the history of how people fight desertification. “I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China.” said Davis from India. 1．What can we learn about the forest in Baijitan? A．It’s a natural forest. B．It was built in 1950. C．It took 70 years to build what it is now. D．It has an area of 180 square kilometers. 2．What example has China set according to Paragraph 2? A．How to stop sand. B．How to plant trees. C．Where to plant trees. D．How to live in the desert. 3．Which proverb (谚语) best describes the underlined word “spirit” in Paragraph 2? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Everything is hard at first. C．Rome was not built in a day. D．Actions speak louder than words. 4．What did Davis think of the trip? A．Difficult. B．Dangerous. C．Relaxing. D．Meaningful. 5．What is the purpose (目的) of the article? A．To tell readers how important it is to protect trees. B．To show China’s success in fighting desertification. C．To encourage readers to travel to Baijitan in Ningxia. D．To find more volunteers to join in the fight against desertification. 主题03 人与社会——公益与奉献 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆塔城地区沙湾市·期末） 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。 One day a policeman was taking a thief to the city. On the way they saw a shop. The thief said, “Let me go into the shop to buy some bread. We can eat it in the train.” The policeman agreed. The thief went into the shop and ran out of the back door. When the policeman knew that, he began to look for the thief everywhere. At last, the policeman caught the thief again. They went on to the city. On the way they came to the same shop. The thief wanted to buy some bread again. “Oh, no,” said the policeman, “You did that before, and you ran away. This time I’ll go into the shop and buy bread. You must wait here for me.” 1．What was the policeman doing one day? A．Catching a thief with others. B．Doing nothing. C．Taking a thief to the city. D．Walking to the city by himself. 2．On the way the thief asked to ________. A．buy some food to eat B．let him free C．take a rest D．walk slowly 3．When the thief went into the shop, he ran out of ________. A．the front door B．the back window C．the back door D．the front window 4．Which of the following is right? A．The policeman went back with the thief. B．The policeman looked for the thief but he didn’t find him. C．The thief was caught again by other policemen. D．At last the policeman caught the thief again. 5．From the last three sentences we know that the policeman was very ________. A．brave B．careful C．clever D．foolish Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第111中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One Sunday morning, I took my dog Ben to the park to have a walk. Reaching the end of one street, Ben pulled (拉) me into a garden (花园) with lots of colorful flowers. At first, I tried to pull Ben back to the street, feeling worried that there might be something dangerous inside the garden. However, every time I tried to get Ben out of the garden, he pulled harder. Then I decided to follow Ben in. Several minutes later, I heard some sounds. Then I followed the sounds to a vegetable patch (一块菜地). A group of people were busy with all kinds of work there. I asked them who the owner of the garden was. To my surprise, they all shook their heads. In the end, they told me it was a community garden and they were all volunteers. They come to help every Sunday morning to make sure everything is growing well in the garden. The following Sunday morning, I didn’t give Ben a walk. I had a new plan. I would go to volunteer in the community garden. It has been one year since (自从) my first visit to the garden. I still love coming back every Sunday morning to get my hands dirty. It is not easy work, but I feel very happy seeing everything in the garden grow well. 1．The writer first went to the garden _______. A．on a Saturday morning B．on a Sunday afternoon C．with some volunteers D．with his dog 2．How often do the volunteers work in the vegetable patch? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a month. 3．What do we know about the vegetable patch? A．Ben likes to play around it. B．Everything in it grows well. C．Its owner is too old to work. D．It’s far from the writer’s home. 4．According to the writer, it’s _______ to work in the vegetable patch. A．easy and happy B．easy but boring C．difficult but happy D．difficult and boring 5．The writer mainly talks about _______. A．a trip to a park B．a tiring working day C．his colorful weekend activities D．his volunteer work in a vegetable patch Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市天山区·期末） Do you care about your neighborhood? Joseph Beer really cares about his neighborhood. Last summer holiday, the 15-year-old boy found he had lots of time in hands. However, he didn’t spend his time playing video games or watching films. He did some things meaningful for his neighborhood. The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches. Seeing this, Joseph decided to clean the signs and cut down the branches. According to his mom, Joseph would go out in the morning, spend all day going around the neighborhood and tidying things up. He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening, and he would do it again the next day. He was tired but happy. After some time, people in his neighborhood saw his hard work. They shared before-and-after photos of the signs he had cleaned online. Many people were touched by his simple act of kindness. They were so thankful that they even gave away money to him. However, Joseph didn’t spend the money on new tools or even something for himself. He donated it to a local food bank for families in need. Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work. It gives him a strong feeling of satisfaction and he plans to keep going. 1．What can we know about the neighborhood from paragraph 2? A．It was beautiful. B．It wasn’t tidy. C．It was crowded. D．It was popular. 2．When did Joseph go home after tiding things up in the neighborhood? A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the afternoon. D．In the evening. 3．How did Joseph deal with the money he got? A．By buying some tools. B．By donating it to others. C．By buying something for himself. D．By giving it to his family. 4．What does the underlined word “payoff” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Return. B．Deal. C．Journey. D．Sign. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A nice neighborhood. B．A group of kind people. C．How to help the people in need. D．Joseph’s action to care about the neighborhood. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） On Feb. 24th, Su Yiming was very happy! The 18-year-old snowboarder (滑雪板选手) received a special letter from President Xi Jinping. In the letter, President Xi congratulated (祝贺) Su and the other athletes (运动员) at the Beijing Winter Olympics. “We are living in a time for young people to realize (实现) their dreams.” Xi said in the letter. He hopes that young Chinese people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high (志存高远), and stay grounded. After winning his gold medal, Su understood that he should thank his strong motherland. “I want to write a letter to President Xi,” Su told People’s Daily. “I really want to thank him from the bottom of my heart.” In 2019, Xi met with athletes and coaches in Beijing. Su was one of the athletes. Xi told them to aim high. Su was excited by Xi’s words. “I decided to believe in myself and I must give it all to make my dream come true.” Su said. How did it feel to receive a letter from Xi? “I couldn’t believe it at first,” Su told People’s Daily. “This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.” 1．Why did Su Yiming feel happy on Feb. 24th? A．He won a gold medal. B．He talked with President Xi. C．He got a letter from President Xi. D．He got congratulations from his coach. 2．What did President Xi hope in the letter? A．He hoped that young people could keep the motherland in their hearts. B．He hoped that young people could aim high and stay grounded. C．He hoped that young people could realize their dreams. D．All of the above. 3．Why did Su write a letter to President Xi? A．To tell him about his win. B．To thank him. C．To ask for help. D．To talk about the Olympics. 4．What happened to Su after President Xi met with them in Beijing in 2019? A．Xi’s words encouraged Su a lot. B．Su wanted to write a letter at that time. C．Su answered President Xi at once. D．Su has already made his dream come true. 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Su no longer believes in himself. B．Su will keep writing letters to President Xi. C．Su hopes to encourage others to work hard. D．Su will go on realizing his dreams. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） One day, a farmer took a bag of wheat (小麦) to town. He didn’t know what to do when the bag fell off his horse. The bag was too heavy for him to carry. He hoped that someone would come and help him. Soon a man came over. But the farmer’s heart sank (下沉) when he saw the man, because he was the famous judge (法官) in town. The farmer was afraid to ask him for help. As soon as the farmer came up to the judge, the judge got off his horse and said, “You need my help, don’t you? Let me help you.” Then he took one side of the bag. The farmer took the other side of it. They carried the bag of wheat onto the horse. “Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?” “Well,” the judge answered, “If you see anyone in need of help, do the same for him.” 1．The farmer did not know what to do because ________. A．his horse ran away B．his horse fell down C．there was a hole in his bag D．he could not carry the bag himself 2．The farmer was afraid to ask ________ for help. A．his neighbor B．the other farmer C．the famous judge D．one of his friends 3．When the farmer came up to the judge, ________. A．The judge did not help the farmer B．The judge got onto his horse and went away C．The judge asked the farmer to get on the horse D．The judge helped the farmer carry the bag onto the horse 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Farm B．A Bag of Wheat C．A Heavy Bag D．Do the Same for Him / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——梦想与坚持 Passage 1 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 2 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B Passage 3 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A Passage 4 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D Passage 5 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 主题02 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D Passage 2 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D Passage 3 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B Passage 4 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D Passage 5 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 主题01 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B Passage 2 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C Passage 4      1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 主题02 人与自然——环境与保护 Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 主题03 人与社会——公益与奉献 Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D Passage 2 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 3 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D Passage 4 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D Passage 5 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——梦想与坚持 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Sun and 16 other students from Peking University spent one year as teaching volunteers in the country’s underdeveloped areas. That was the 13th such team that the university had sent student volunteers to teach for one year in Tibet, Qinghai, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Ningxia and Shanxi since 2009. Sun volunteered as a geography teacher at a middle school in Tibet. One day, he asked each of the students to buy a map for geography studies, but only three students bought the map because they were poor. “I have heard stories about poverty of kids in these areas on TV before, but I was really sad when facing such a fact myself,” he said. Sun decided to buy the maps for the students with his own money. “When I walked into the classroom with the maps, they broke into tears, and so did I,” Sun said. The volunteers learned a lot through working in the western areas. “We realize the value of our work and feel the responsibility,” they said. “We believe no matter how hard it will be, we will surely do it better.” 1．The volunteers from the team mainly helped the ________ in the underdeveloped areas of China. A．students B．old C．farmers D．workers 2．What does the underlined word “poverty” mean in Chinese? A．遗憾 B．感动 C．贫穷 D．热情 3．Who finally bought the maps for Sun’s students? A．The volunteers in the team. B．Sun himself. C．The students themselves. D．Some people from western areas. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．None of Sun’s students could afford a map. B．Sun volunteered as a science teacher in Tibet. C．Sun volunteered in Tibet for two years. D．The volunteers in the team came from the same university. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京大学的学生志愿者在西部贫困地区支教的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sun and 16 other students from Beijing University spent one year as teaching volunteers in the country’s underdeveloped areas.”可知，他们是去欠发达地区教学，因此主要是帮助学生。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“but only three students bought the map because they were poor.”可知，因为贫穷，只有三名学生买了地图，因此可推知孙是在说自己在电视上听说过这些孩子的贫穷，划线单词表示“贫穷”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Sun decided to buy the maps for the students with his own money.”可知，孙自己为学生买了地图。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Sun and 16 other students from Peking University spent one year as teaching volunteers in the country’s underdeveloped areas.”可知，团队的志愿者都来自同一所大学——北京大学。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第七十中学·期末） Last Friday, a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said, “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Wu Meifeng said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and brought them food, clothes and shelter. ▲ , it still brought people closer together. 1．How many people lost their homes in the last Friday storm? A．Only one. B．Seven. C．More than 200. D．Less than ten. 2．What was Mr. Tan doing when the storm came? A．He was sleeping in the room. B．He was climbing the top of his house. C．He was looking for his missing child. D．He was having breakfast with his family. 3．What do we know about Mrs. Wu according to paragraph 3? A．Her family stayed safe from the storm. B．She took everything out of her house. C．She and her husband left for work together. D．Her children helped her move their house. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Because people were clever B．Even though the storm was terrible C．Although soldiers worked hard D．Because the storm was terrible 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周五一场暴风雨袭击了新界的两个村庄，造成人员伤亡和房屋损毁，以及村民和救援人员的应对情况。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据“Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.”可知，超过200人在暴风雨中无家可归。故选C。 1．细节理解题。根据“A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.”和“I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise”可知，谭先生当时正在和家人一起吃早餐。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“She ran outside at once with her children. ‘There was no time to take anything’”可知，吴女士和她的孩子及时逃离，未受伤，但未能带走任何物品。由此可知，她的家人安全躲过了暴风雨。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“it still brought people closer together”可知，空处应与后面一句话构成让步关系，尽管暴风雨很恐怖且带来巨大苦难，但它让人们更加团结。选项B“尽管暴风雨很可怕”最符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆阿克苏·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Let’s read two stories about the superheroes from different countries. What did they do for their goals (目标)? Jingwei Tries to Fill up the Sea Once upon a time, the youngest daughter of Emperor Yan went boating on the Eastern Sea. While she was enjoying herself, a strong wind rose on the sea, and her boat sank to the sea. Her spirit turned into a beautiful bird after she died. She cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei, Jingwei”. That was why people called her “Jingwei”. The bird lived on a mountain near the sea. She was so sad that she decided to fill up the sea. Every day, she flew between the mountain and the sea, carrying stones or branches from the mountain and dropping them into the sea. One day, the sea said to Jingwei, “Poor little bird, stop doing that meaningless thing. You’ll never fill me up.” Jingwei replied, “I’ll fill you up without doubt. I will, even if it will take me thousands of years. I’ll fight on without taking a rest.” Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe is a main character from a novel named Robinson Crusoe. When Robinson first arrived on the island, he had nothing. But he found the ship and made a small boat. He brought back many things he could use—food and drink; tools, knives and guns. Although he lost everything, he didn’t lose his life. He kept working and waiting for another ship. He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house. He went with his gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. He learned to grow fruit and vegetables. He lived on the island for many years and he was saved finally. 1．Who are the superheroes in the two stories? A．Animals and birds. B．Jingwei and Robinson. C．Emperor Yan and the Eastern Sea. D．Emperor Yan and Robinson. 2．Why did people call the beautiful bird “Jingwei”? A．Because she cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei”. B．Because her father gave her the name “Jingwei”. C．Because the name of the mountain where she lived was “Jingwei”. D．Because she liked the name. 3．What did Robinson do with his knife according to the passage? A．He grew fruit and vegetables. B．He killed animals and birds for food. C．He cut down trees to build a house. D．He cut fish for food. 4．The two stories show that people should ________ to reach their goals. A．never give up B．ask for help C．keep away from difficulties D．help the weak 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文为说明文，通过两个故事（中国神话《精卫填海》和英国小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》）展现了主人公为实现目标的不懈努力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Her spirit turned into a beautiful bird after she died… people called her ‘Jingwei’”和第5段“Robinson Crusoe is a main character from a novel…”可知，两个故事的主人公分别是精卫鸟和鲁滨逊。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第2段“She cried sadly in the sound ‘Jingwei, Jingwei’. That was why people called her ‘Jingwei’”可知，鸟因鸣叫声得名。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据《鲁滨逊漂流记》部分“He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house”明确提到刀具用于砍树建房。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。精卫“I’ll fight on without taking a rest”和鲁滨逊“He kept working and waiting…”均体现永不放弃的精神。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 One day, a young man was on a long train journey. As time passed, he got bored. He took out his travel map and began to find out how many stops there were on his way. To his surprise, there were over 30 small stations! All these stops made him unhappy. At one small station, he asked the steward (乘务员),“Why does this trip take so long? How far is the next station?” The steward, an old man with white hair, smiled and invited him into his small office. The young man, looking really annoyed, said, “The train stops at every station. I just want to reach the end fast!” The steward answered, “I’ve worked on this train for over 30 years. I don’t care about these small stations. I only remember where I start and where I’m going, and I do my job well.” Hearing this, the young traveler became quiet. He started to think. Life is like this train journey. There are many stops along the way, but we don’t have to worry about each one. We should remember our goal and keep moving forward. 1．Why did the young man get bored during the train journey? A．Because the train couldn’t move. B．Because there were too many stops. C．Because he lost his travel map. D．Because the steward was unfriendly. 2．What does the underlined word “annoyed” mean? A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Angry. D．Relaxed. 3．How long has the steward worked on the train? A．For over 10 years. B．For over 20 years. C．For over 30 years. D．For over 40 years. 4．What lesson can we learn from the story? A．We should always be impatient during a journey. B．We should pay attention to every small thing in life. C．We should try to avoid taking trains with many stops. D．We should remember our goals and keep moving forward in life. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位年轻人在火车旅程中因频繁停靠感到烦躁，乘务员通过自身经历启发他：人生应关注目标而非沿途琐事。 1．细节理解题。根据“To his surprise, there were over 30 small stations! All these stops made him unhappy.”可知，年轻人因停靠站过多感到无聊。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The train stops at every station. I just want to reach the end fast!”可知，此处是年轻人对频繁停靠的抱怨，可推知，他应该是感到生气，所以划线部分的含义是“生气的”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“I’ve worked on this train for over 30 years.”可知，乘务员在火车上工作了30多年。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Life is like this train journey. There are many stops along the way, but we don’t have to worry about each one. We should remember our goal and keep moving forward.”可知，故事寓意是关注目标、持续前行。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区·期末） Once there were two neighbors. One of them was an old teacher and the other was an office worker. Both of them planted the same plants in their gardens. The old teacher gave a little water to his plants every day and didn’t always care for them, while his neighbor gave much water to his plants and looked after them well. The old teacher’s plants were simple but looked good. The office worker’s plants were much taller and greener. One night, there was a heavy rain. The next morning, the office worker saw his plants were uprooted (连根拔起), but the old teacher’s plants stood firmly (稳固地). The neighbor was surprised and went to the old teacher and asked, “We both grew the same plants together. I looked after my plants better than you did and I even gave them more water. However, my plants were uprooted, while yours weren’t. Why?” The old teacher smiled and said, “You gave your plants more water, so they didn’t need to work for it. I gave them a little water, so their roots (根) grew deeper to get more water. It made them stronger.” 1．In Paragraph (段落) 1, the old teacher ________. A．always cared about his plants B．took good care of his plants C．was too old to look after his plants D．gave his plants a little water 2．The office worker’s plants ________ after a heavy rain. A．were uprooted B．stood firmly C．became greener D．looked good 3．The old teacher planted his plants in a ________ way. A．smart B．difficult C．quick D．stupid 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Growing plants is easy. B．A heavy rain can make the plants in the garden die. C．Plants know how to look after themselves in the heavy rain. D．Too much care can make us become weak. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述一个老师和一个办公室职员都在花园里种植了相同的植物却得到不同结果的故事。 【详解】17．细节理解题。根据“The old teacher gave a little water to his plants every day and didn’t always care for them”可知，老教师每天给他的植物浇一点水，而且并不总是关心它们。故选D。 1．细节理解题。根据“The next morning, the office worker saw his plants were uprooted”可知，办公室职员的植物被连根拔起。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“I gave them a little water, so their roots grew deeper to get more water. It made them stronger.”可知，老教师给它们一点点水，使它们的根长得更深，以便得到更多的水，使它们更强壮，由此可推知老教师是以聪明的方式种植植物。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“You gave your plants more water, so they didn’t need to work for it. I gave them a little water, so their roots (根) grew deeper to get more water. It made them stronger.”以及通读全文后可知，本文主要讲述一个老师和一个办公室职员都在花园里种植了相同的植物却得到不同结果的故事，故事告诉了我们过度呵护会让我们变得虚弱。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆克拉玛依市白碱滩区·期末） Last weekend, my mother said, “Let’s buy some new clothes for you.” I was very happy and surprised because my family didn’t have much money at that time. She took me to the clothes shop and bought me three dresses: a pink one, a purple one, a white and blue one. I loved that white and blue dress best. Lucy was my best friend. She lived across from my house. I couldn’t wait to show my beautiful dresses to her as soon as I got home. She loved all of them and was happy for me. But she also felt sad because her mother could buy her new clothes only on her birthday. So I asked her to pick one. Then she picked my favorite one—the white and blue dress! I felt a little sad at that time. She wore the new dress and I saw her smiling. Her big smile was so beautiful. I could feel her joy! So I told her it looked nice on her and gave it to her. When I told my mother about the dress, she touched my head and smiled, “I understand. You’re always my good little girl!” I shared my dress with my friend, and she shared her happiness with me. That’s friendship. And we will be best friends forever! 1．Why did the writer feel surprised when her mother planned to buy her new clothes? A．Because she just wanted a new dress at that time. B．Because her mother bought her clothes only on birthdays. C．Because her family didn’t have much money at that time. D．Because her mother never bought her clothes. 2．How did Lucy felt when the writer showed her dresses to her? A．Excited but lonely. B．Surprised but sad. C．Sad and angry. D．Happy but sad. 3．According to the passage, what can we learn? A．Lucy lived far away from the writer’s house. B．Lucy would return the white and blue dress to the writer. C．The writer’s mother is very proud of her. D．Lucy’s family was rich. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A happy shopping experience about buying dresses. B．A lovely story between a mother and a daughter. C．A story about a rich girl. D．The friendship between two lovely girls. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者小时候与朋友分享自己最漂亮的裙子的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“I was very happy and surprised because my family didn’t have much money at that time.”可知，作者感到惊讶是因为当时家里并不富裕。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“She loved all of them and was happy for me. But she also felt sad because her mother could buy her new clothes only on her birthday.”可知，露西看到作者的裙子时为她感到开心，同时自己也很难过。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“When I told my mother about the dress, she touched my head and smiled, ‘I understand. You’re always my good little girl!’”可知，作者的母亲为她感到骄傲。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“I shared my dress with my friend, and she shared her happiness with me. That’s friendship. And we are still best friends today!”可知，作者将裙子分享给好朋友，好朋友也分享自己的快乐，所以本文主要介绍这两个女孩之间的友谊，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） “I’ll tell you a story. It’s about love. And heartbreak.” I tell my class. All eyes look up and widen. Nothing quiets a chatty group of teenagers faster than the promise of a story. This is a story I’ve told every February since I started teaching. “In sixth grade,” begin. “I fell in love. His name was David. He had no interest in me, but I wrote his name all over my diary. You get the idea.” They get the idea, laughing. “So it was Valentine’s Day. I saw an envelope on my desk. With shaky hands, I opened it. There was a shiny picture of a queen with the heading, ‘To a Queen of a Valentine.’ I excitedly turned the valentine (情人节卡) over. At the bottom I saw the signature: David. Then my eyes travelled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘TO THE UGLIEST GIRL IN OUR CLASS.’” Mouths drop open. “It destroyed my Valentine’s Day. But I got over it. Now it has encouraged me to undo the cruelty of David.” I smile. “And that’s why we’ll exchange Valentine cards to celebrate kindness.” “What should we write? And do we have to sign our names?” Someone asks when I handout the cards. “Of course you sign your names. You can write something nice to anyone in the class. Remind them of something fun you remember about them.” Watching them write is always fun. But the real fun comes when they read what people wrote to them. A student drew me a valentine of a queen with the words “TO THE PRETTIEST GIRL IN THE ROOM,” and everyone signed it. That one still hangs next to my desk. After 20 years of teaching, perhaps few students remember the grammar I taught them. But if one student remembers the class they received one long-ago February, to me that makes it all worthwhile. 1．How does the writer draw her students’ attention? A．By telling a story. B．By making a card. C．By reading a diary. D．By drawing a picture. 2．What happened on Valentine’s Day when the writer was in sixth grade? A．She broke David’s heart. B．She was made fun of by David. C．She sent David a Valentine card. D．She accidentally took someone else’s card. 3．Why does the writer ask the class to exchange Valentine cards? A．To help her students to write better. B．To train her students to work together. C．To educate her students to spread kindness. D．To enable her students to remember quickly. 4．What can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．The writer felt embarrassed when receiving the valentine from her students. B．The students have a difficult time doing the Valentine card exchange activity. C．The students have no interest when the writer is talking about Valentine’s Day. D．The writer keeps sharing her experience with her students on Valentine’s Day. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在课堂上分享了自己在六年级时情人节那一天的故事，借此来给学生上一节课，希望每个人都应该传播自己的善意。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’ll tell you a story. It’s about love. And heartbreak.”可知，作者通过讲故事来吸引学生的注意力。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“‘To a Queen of a Valentine.’ I excitedly turned the valentine over. At the bottom I saw the signature: David. Then my eyes travelled up to the writing above his signature. It read, ‘TO THE UGLIEST GIRL IN OUR CLASS.’ Mouths drop open. ‘It destroyed my Valentine’s Day.’”可知，在作者六年级的时候，她被大卫取笑了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“And that’s why we’ll exchange Valentine cards to celebrate kindness.”可知，作者对于大卫的取笑并没有很生气，相反克服了它，让全班交换情人节卡片是为了教育她的学生去传播善良。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了作者在课堂上分享了自己在六年级时情人节那一天的故事，借此来给学生上一节课，希望每个人都应该传播自己的善意，D选项“作者在情人节这天和她的学生们分享她的经历”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） One day two young men were going through the forest. One said to the other, “We’re good friends. We must help each other. If any beast (野兽) comes at you, I’ll stay with you and help you.” The other friend said, “I will help you too, if any beast comes at you.” They walked on. After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear. The young men ran away quickly. One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up. So he threw himself at the foot of the tree. He thought to himself, “The bear will think that I am dead.” Soon the bear came near. The bear looked at the fat young man, then it put its nose down and smelled him. The young man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead, so it went away. The man in the tree came down. With a smile he asked his friend, “The bear put its mouth so near to your ear. What did it say to you?” The friend answered, “The bear said, ‘Don’t trust your friend. He ran away from you when you needed his help the most. Remember: A friend in need is a friend indeed.’” 1．The two men said they would ________ if any beast came. A．help each other B．run away C．beat the bear D．beat each other 2．Who made a great noise? A．The fat man. B．The thin man. C．The bear. D．The friend. 3．________ climbed up into a tree. A．Both young men B．The bear C．The thin man D．The fat man 4．How did the fat young man save his life? A．He pretended to be dead. B．The other man helped him. C．The bear was very kind. D．A and C． 5．Did the bear really say anything to the fat young man? A．Yes, it did. B．No, it didn’t. C．Yes, it was. D．No, it wasn’t. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了两个朋友在森林里遇到熊的故事。其中一人爬树避难，另一人因太胖爬不上树而装死逃生。故事揭示了“患难见真情”的道理。 【详解】29．根据第一段中“We must help each other. If any beast... comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.” 可知，两人承诺如果有野兽来，他们会互相帮助。故选A。 1．根据第三段中“After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear.” 可知，发出巨大噪音的是一只大熊。故选C。 2．根据第三段中“One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up.” 可知，其中一人爬上了树，而另一个胖的人爬不上去。由此推断，爬上树的是那位不胖（瘦）的朋友。故选C。 3．根据第三段和第四段描述，胖年轻人躺在树下屏住呼吸，让熊以为他死了（“The bear thought he was dead”），从而救了自己。故选A。 4．首先，熊不会说人话；其次，问句是由Did引导的一般疑问句，否定回答应用“No, it didn’t”。朋友说的话其实是讽刺那位抛弃他的同伴。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Once upon a time, Yu the Great (大禹) cut a mountain with his big magic knife and made a way. It was later called the Dragon Gate, a place with magic. The Yellow River ran through it. Every spring, water ran from the top of the mountain into the river. The water was so noisy that it scared all the animals on the mountain, but the carps (鲤鱼) were not afraid. Though small, the carps were very brave. They dreamed of making their way to the Dragon Gate. There, a miracle was waiting for them. The carps tried to jump the Gate, but most failed, and there left only one little golden carp. He jumped higher and higher, and he jumped to the highest point over the river. Finally, he jumped across to a cloud. He had made it to the Dragon Gate! He could see the colorful sky, and he could touch colorful clouds. As soon as he succeeded, the little carp felt strange. He looked back at his own tail and found it grew and sparked (冒火花) and it was on fire! Suddenly, it began to rain heavily. The rain put out the fire on the carp’s tail. The little carp looked back again. His fish tail was gone, his body changed, and golden scales (鳞) covered him. He was not a fish any longer, instead, he turned into a golden dragon! 1．What can we learn about The Dragon Gate? A．Yu the Great made it with his sword. B．It was a good place full of magic. C．The Yangtze River ran through it. D．It was at the foot of the mountain. 2．What does the underlined word “miracle” mean in Paragraph Two? A．奇迹 B．侠客 C．神龙 D．神仙 3．What happened to the little carp after he got to the Dragon Gate? A．It learned to rain. B．Its body was on fire. C．It became a dragon. D．Its tail stopped growing. 4．What does the text tell us? A．All roads lead to Rome. B．Many hands make light work. C．A good medicine tastes terrible. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 5．This text probably comes from ________. A．a diary B．a newspaper C．a science magazine D．a story book 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了鲤鱼跃龙门的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was later called the Dragon Gate, a place with magic.”可知，后来人们就称它为龙门，一个充满魔法的地方。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“There, a miracle was waiting for them.”以及最后一段可知，在龙门那里，如果能越过去，那就能改变自己，成为奇迹。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He was not a fish any longer, instead, he turned into a golden dragon!”可知，最终，小鲤鱼越过龙门之后化作为一条金龙。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述了小鲤鱼经过不懈努力，最终跃过龙门，变成金龙的故事，告诉我们“有志者，事竟成”。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据本文内容和故事情节可知，这是一篇寓言故事，最有可能来自故事书。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州·期末） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker. He liked to tell funny stories to make people laugh. He also liked to play jokes on his friends. Once Mark Twain was travelling with a friend of his. His friend lost his money, so he asked Mark Twain to buy a train ticket for him. “But I don’t have enough money to buy two tickets,” said Mark Twain. His friend didn’t know what to do. “You can hide under my seat when the conductor (列车员) comes to check the tickets,” Mark Twain said to him. When the conductor came to check the tickets, Mark Twain gave him two tickets, one for himself and one for his friend. He said to the conductor, “My friend is a strange man. When he travels on a train, he does not like to sit on the seat. He likes to lie on the floor under the seat.” Everyone in the train looked at his friend under the seat and laughed. 1．Mark Twain was a writer and ______. A．scientist B．speaker C．pianist D．singer 2．Why did Mark Twain’s friend ask Mark Twain to buy a ticket for him? A．Because he was very poor. B．Because he lost his money. C．Because he arrived too late. D．Because he forgot to buy one. 3．Where was Mark Twain’s friend when the conductor came to check the tickets? A．Under the seat. B．On the seat. C．In front of Mark Twain. D．Behind Mark Twain. 4．How many tickets did Mark Twain buy? A．None. B．One. C．Two. D．Three. 5．From the story, we know that Mark Twain was a ______ man. A．shy B．strict C．serious D．funny 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国著名作家马克·吐温在火车上和朋友开玩笑的故事。 【详解】39．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker.”可知，马克·吐温是作家和演说家。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“His friend lost his money, so he asked Mark Twain to buy a train ticket for him.”可知，他的朋友丢了钱，所以他希望马克·吐温给他买票。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Everyone in the train looked at his friend under the seat and laughed.”可知，当列车员来检票的时候，他的朋友在座位下面。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When the conductor came to check the tickets, Mark Twain gave him two tickets, one for himself and one for his friend.”可知，他给自己和朋友各买了一张票，一共是两张票。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“He also liked to play jokes on his friends.”和下文内容可知，马克·吐温喜欢和朋友开玩笑，说明他是一个有趣的人。故选D。 主题01 人与自我——成长与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆农业大学附属中学·期末） Believe it or not, I’ve been a member of the Wings flying school since I was 14. My grandfather knew I loved flying, so he booked (预订) a 30-minute flight (飞行) at the Wings flying school for me on my 14th birthday. I was really excited. Although I was a little nervous, the instructor (教练) was really friendly and he explained what was happening during the flight. Since then, I’ve been crazy about flying! Learning to fly is very expensive, and I save up all my money to pay for flying lessons. I want to get my pilot’s license (执照) next year when I’m 17. You can’t get it any younger than that. In order to get a pilot’s license, you need at least 45 flying hours. The Wings flying school is open 7 days a week. I usually go on the weekend. There are many excellent instructors. I usually ask for the same instructor because I think the same instructor knows me well, which makes it easier to learn. It also helps if you fly regularly, but I don’t have enough money to do it. I can only fly once in a while when I save up enough money. You also have to pass 9 exams! There are books you have to study, and you can also get help from the Wings instructors if you find it too difficult to study on your own. Finally, you have a flight test with an examiner (考官). Some of my friends think that it’s silly of me to spend all my money on flying lessons, but I don’t mind. For me, there is nothing more wonderful than flying a plane. 1．How did the writer feel when he got the birthday gift from his grandfather? A．Crazy. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Shocked. 2．What’s the youngest age to get a pilot’s license? A．14 years old. B．15 years old. C．16 years old. D．17 years old. 3．What does the underlined word “regularly” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．经常地 B．认真地 C．正式地 D．灵活地 4．What should one do to get a pilot’s license?   ①Pass 9 exams. ②Fly for at least 45 hours. ③Take 40 flying lessons. ④Have a final flight test. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．An excellent pilot B．Reach for my dream C．Meet a great instructor D．A famous flying school 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从14岁开始加入Wings飞行学校，并且热爱飞行。 1．细节理解题。根据“I was really excited.”可知，作者很激动，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I want to get my pilot’s license (执照) next year when I’m 17. You can’t get it any younger than that.”可知，获得飞行员执照的最小年龄是17岁。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“I can only fly once in a while when I save up enough money.”可知，作者只有攒够了钱才能偶尔坐飞机，所以作者没有足够的钱经常坐飞机，regularly应该表示“经常地”，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In order to get a pilot’s license, you need at least 45 flying hours”，“You also have to pass 9 exams”以及“Finally, you have a flight test with an examiner (考官).”可知，要获得飞行员执照需要通过9门考试、至少飞行45小时，最后进行一次飞行测试。故选B。 5．标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段“Believe it or not, I’ve been a member of the Wings flying school since I was 14.”可知，这篇短文主要讲述了作者从14岁开始加入Wings飞行学校，并且热爱飞行。故最佳标题应为：追寻梦想。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州第一中学·期末） There was a rich boy who lived in a small town. One day, a friend gave him a magic mirror. He liked it very much. He often looked into the mirror and he found that his face looked sad. He tried to smile and make funny faces, but his face still looked sad. Then he did many happy things, but his face always looked sad. He was so angry. The next day, he saw a little girl crying sadly on his way home from school. The rich boy went up to her and asked her what happened. The little girl said she couldn’t find her parents. “Don’t worry. I will help you.” said the boy. Then they went to look for her parents together. Finally they found her parents. The little girl and her parents were so thankful for the boy’s help. They gave the boy a big hug. Then he went back home. After he arrived home. He looked into the mirror as usual. To his surprise, his face looked happy. The boy understood the mirror. Helping others will bring the happiness. 1．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “magic”? A．用魔法变 B．魔力 C．魔术 D．有魔力的 2．The boy’s face always looked _______ in the mirror at the beginning. A．sad B．funny C．worried D．angry 3．Why was the little girl crying? A．She lost her bags. B．The boy laughed at her. C．The boy couldn’t help her. D．She couldn’t find her parents. 4．How did the rich boy help the little girl? A．He called the police. B．He went to look for the girl’s parents with her. C．He asked others for help. D．He didn’t help the girl. 5．From the story, we know that_______. A．Money is everything. B．The boy should help others. C．Helping others makes us happy. D．Being rich makes us happy. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩儿每天看到镜子里自己的脸总是不开心，在一次帮助小女儿找到父母之后，脸上有了笑容。 【详解】54．词义推测题。根据“mirror”可知，此处是修饰mirror，应为形容词，故选D。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He often looked into the mirror and he found that his face looked sad.”可知，镜子中男孩儿的脸看起来很伤心，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The little girl said she couldn’t find her parents.”可知，小女孩哭是因为找不到父母了，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then they went to look for her parents together. Finally they found her parents.”可知，男孩帮女孩一起寻找她的父母，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Helping others will bring the happiness.”可知，帮助别人能带来快乐，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） I’m Kate. Lulu has been my friend since I could walk. Her house is just next to mine. Sometimes if I want to play with her, I will open the window and shout her name. Being the only child in her family, Lulu often feels bored in her own place. So she often visits my family. She is like a member of my family. Lulu and I went to the same day care center, same primary school and now we are in the same middle school. We are on the same volleyball team and we practice every Monday and Thursday. After practice, either my parents or Lulu’s parents will drive us home. Lulu and I had a great friendship until I became captain (领导者) of the school drama (戏剧) club. I started the drama club and I know it well. I got quite excited when we were preparing for the-end-of-year drama last year. The teacher gave us several dramas to choose from, and I decided myself. Lulu, who was also in the drama club, was unhappy and refused to come to rehearsal (排练). I didn’t realize what the problem was until I talked to the school counselor (辅导顾问). The counselor told me, “Kate, you should not make the decision yourself. A great captain should listen to everyone else’s opinion.” This simple and short talk made me regret what I did and I said sorry to Lulu later. She came back and together we discussed and created a wonderful drama. 1．How many children are there in Lulu’s family? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Kate practices volleyball ________. A．once a week B．twice a week C．three times a week D．four times a week 3．________ made Kate realize what her problem was. A．Lulu B．The teachers C．Lulu’s parents D．The school counselor 4．The underlined word “regret” in the last paragraph means “________” in Chinese. A．宣告 B．重复 C．后悔 D．忽略 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Kate created a wonderful drama alone last year. B．Lulu and Kate started the drama club together. C．Kate and Lulu live in the same neighborhood. D．Lulu isn’t interested in playing volleyball. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Kate和Lulu一直是很好的朋友，Kate创办了学校的戏剧俱乐部，Lulu也加入了，在一次排练排练戏剧节目的时候，老师提供了几部戏剧供她们选择，Kate自己做了决定，这让Lulu很生气，拒绝来排练，后来Kate意识到了自己的错误，向Lulu道了歉，她们一起讨论并创作了一部精彩的戏剧。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“only child in her family, Lulu often feels bored in her own place.”可知，Lulu家只有一个孩子。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“We are on the same volleyball team and we practice every Monday and Thursday.”可知，Kate每周练习两次排球。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“I didn’t realize what the problem was until I talked to the school counselor (辅导顾问).”可知，学校辅导员让Kate意识到了自己的问题。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据下文“and I said sorry to Lulu later.”可知，这个简单而简短的谈话让Kate后悔所做的一切。划线单词regret的意思是“后悔”。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文中“Her house is just next to mine.”可知，Kate和Lulu住在同一个社区。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市托克逊县·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 People often ask me for suggestions about how to learn English. As for it, everyone is different. I’ll share some of my experience: I once took a school year English course at Wuhan University but I mostly learned English on my own.      One thing I can tell you is that, once you’ve started learning, you should try to think in English as much as you can. If you see something when you’re riding your bike or walking down the street, just think about “How would I say them in English?” At first, it might be with simple words or phrases, but later you should think about longer phrases and sentences. Now I’m in America, and for most of the time, I would think in English and speak it directly. It’s amazing how much this helps. For several years after I started learning, I was often afraid of talking with others in English because I didn’t want to make mistakes. Finally I got it over. And while traveling in America, I’d try to hang out with friends who couldn’t speak Chinese, so that I’d have no choice but to speak English. And I also didn’t mind if I said something stupid and other people laughed at me. After that, my English started improving much more quickly. Besides, it may be a good idea to ask your American friends to look at the way you’re writing, and give you some suggestions for improvement. 1．The writer learned English at Wuhan University for about ________. A．a week B．a month C．a term D．a school year 2．According to the writer, ________ is a good way to improve your English. A．learning English grammar B．thinking in English C．watching English films D．reading English books 3．According to the passage, we can know that ________. A．the writer thinks American friends can help to improve writing B．the writer preferred to go out to play with Chinese friends in America C．the writer has never been afraid of communicating with other people D．the writer did care what people thought of his mistakes in America 4．The best title for this passage can be ________. A．The Importance of English B．My American Friends C．My University Life D．My English Learning Experience 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者分享了自己学习英语的经历和方法，包括主动用英语思考、克服害怕犯错的心理以及寻求美国朋友帮助改进写作等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“I once took a school year English course at Wuhan University”可知，作者在武汉大学学习英语的时间是一学年。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“you should try to think in English as much as you can”以及“It’s amazing how much this helps”可知，作者认为用英语思考是提高英语的好方法。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“it may be a good idea to ask your American friends to look at the way you’re writing, and give you some suggestions for improvement”可知，作者认为美国朋友能帮助提高写作水平。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。 全文围绕作者学习英语的个人经历展开，包括学习方法、心理突破和实用建议。选项D“我的英语学习经历”最能概括全文主旨。故选D。 主题02 人与自然——环境与保护 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆塔城地区沙湾市·期末） Standing on the top of a sand dune (沙丘), Abdulkarem from Yemen looked down at a man-made forest. He was on a trip with about 30 international students from Ningxia Medical University to visit Baijitan in Ningxia, China. Abdulkarem and his schoolmates were told that the 60-kilometer-long and 30-kilometer-wide forest can help stop the sand from the Mu UsDesert. However, in the 1950s, the green space was once a desert. So how did all this happen? Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger. “It’s hard to believe,” Abdulkarem said. “My country also needs to protect people from the danger of deserts, and I see a great example here.” The students learned how to make a straw checkerboard (稻草棋盘), a method of stopping sand from moving. “It’s really difficult,” Abdulkarem said. “Controlling desertification (沙漠化) takes a lot of time and energy. I’m deeply encouraged by the spirit.” The students also visited the Museum of Baijitan. It records the history of how people fight desertification. “I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China.” said Davis from India. 1．What can we learn about the forest in Baijitan? A．It’s a natural forest. B．It was built in 1950. C．It took 70 years to build what it is now. D．It has an area of 180 square kilometers. 2．What example has China set according to Paragraph 2? A．How to stop sand. B．How to plant trees. C．Where to plant trees. D．How to live in the desert. 3．Which proverb (谚语) best describes the underlined word “spirit” in Paragraph 2? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Everything is hard at first. C．Rome was not built in a day. D．Actions speak louder than words. 4．What did Davis think of the trip? A．Difficult. B．Dangerous. C．Relaxing. D．Meaningful. 5．What is the purpose (目的) of the article? A．To tell readers how important it is to protect trees. B．To show China’s success in fighting desertification. C．To encourage readers to travel to Baijitan in Ningxia. D．To find more volunteers to join in the fight against desertification. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了一群国际学生参观中国宁夏的白芨滩，以及他们对当地阻止沙漠化工作的观察和感受。 1．细节理解题。根据“Over the past 70 years, people have planted a large number of trees to stop the Mu Us Desert from becoming larger.”可知白芨滩的森林历时70年才建成现在的样子，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“My country also needs to protect people from the danger of deserts, and I see a great example here.”可知中国树立了如何阻止沙尘的榜样，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Controlling desertification (沙漠化) takes a lot of time and energy. I’m deeply encouraged by the spirit.”可知治理沙漠化需要大量的时间和精力，这种遏制沙漠化的精神可以被描述为“罗马不是一天建成的”，故选C。 4．观点态度题。根据“‘I have learned a lot from this trip. I see the great work China has done to protect our planet, and other countries should learn from China.’ said Davis from India.”可知戴维斯认为这次旅行让他学到了很多东西，即很有意义，故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了一群国际学生参观中国宁夏的白芨滩，以及他们对当地阻止沙漠化工作的观察和感受，推测文章目的是展示中国在防治沙漠化方面取得的成功，故选B。 主题03 人与社会——公益与奉献 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆塔城地区沙湾市·期末） 根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。 One day a policeman was taking a thief to the city. On the way they saw a shop. The thief said, “Let me go into the shop to buy some bread. We can eat it in the train.” The policeman agreed. The thief went into the shop and ran out of the back door. When the policeman knew that, he began to look for the thief everywhere. At last, the policeman caught the thief again. They went on to the city. On the way they came to the same shop. The thief wanted to buy some bread again. “Oh, no,” said the policeman, “You did that before, and you ran away. This time I’ll go into the shop and buy bread. You must wait here for me.” 1．What was the policeman doing one day? A．Catching a thief with others. B．Doing nothing. C．Taking a thief to the city. D．Walking to the city by himself. 2．On the way the thief asked to ________. A．buy some food to eat B．let him free C．take a rest D．walk slowly 3．When the thief went into the shop, he ran out of ________. A．the front door B．the back window C．the back door D．the front window 4．Which of the following is right? A．The policeman went back with the thief. B．The policeman looked for the thief but he didn’t find him. C．The thief was caught again by other policemen. D．At last the policeman caught the thief again. 5．From the last three sentences we know that the policeman was very ________. A．brave B．careful C．clever D．foolish 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个警察带着一个小偷进城里，路过商店时小偷要求进店买面包的故事。 【详解】59．细节理解题。根据“One day a policeman was taking a thief to the city.”可知，一天，一个警察带着一个小偷进城。故选C。 1．细节理解题。根据“Let me go into the shop to buy some bread. We can eat it in the train.”可知，路上，小偷要求去店里买些面包在火车上吃。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The thief went into the shop and ran out of the back door.”可知，小偷走进商店，从后门跑了出来。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“At last, the policeman caught the thief again.”可知，最后，警察再次抓住了小偷。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“You did that before, and you ran away. This time I’ll go into the shop and buy bread. You must wait here for me.”可知，警察自己去店里买面包，让小偷在原地等他，由此可推知小偷可能会再次逃跑，因此警察是愚蠢的。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第111中学·期末） 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One Sunday morning, I took my dog Ben to the park to have a walk. Reaching the end of one street, Ben pulled (拉) me into a garden (花园) with lots of colorful flowers. At first, I tried to pull Ben back to the street, feeling worried that there might be something dangerous inside the garden. However, every time I tried to get Ben out of the garden, he pulled harder. Then I decided to follow Ben in. Several minutes later, I heard some sounds. Then I followed the sounds to a vegetable patch (一块菜地). A group of people were busy with all kinds of work there. I asked them who the owner of the garden was. To my surprise, they all shook their heads. In the end, they told me it was a community garden and they were all volunteers. They come to help every Sunday morning to make sure everything is growing well in the garden. The following Sunday morning, I didn’t give Ben a walk. I had a new plan. I would go to volunteer in the community garden. It has been one year since (自从) my first visit to the garden. I still love coming back every Sunday morning to get my hands dirty. It is not easy work, but I feel very happy seeing everything in the garden grow well. 1．The writer first went to the garden _______. A．on a Saturday morning B．on a Sunday afternoon C．with some volunteers D．with his dog 2．How often do the volunteers work in the vegetable patch? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a month. 3．What do we know about the vegetable patch? A．Ben likes to play around it. B．Everything in it grows well. C．Its owner is too old to work. D．It’s far from the writer’s home. 4．According to the writer, it’s _______ to work in the vegetable patch. A．easy and happy B．easy but boring C．difficult but happy D．difficult and boring 5．The writer mainly talks about _______. A．a trip to a park B．a tiring working day C．his colorful weekend activities D．his volunteer work in a vegetable patch 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文讲了作者发现了菜地，然后在菜地当志愿者，以及做志愿者的感受。 【详解】64．细节理解题。根据“One Sunday morning, I took my dog Ben to the park to have a walk. Reaching the end of one street, Ben pulled (拉) me into a garden (花园) with lots of colorful flowers.”可知，作者第一次和他的狗去了花园。故选D。 1．细节理解题。根据“I still love coming back every Sunday morning to get my hands dirty. ”可知，作者每周去一次菜地，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“They come to help every Sunday morning to make sure everything is growing well in the garden.”可知，菜地里面的一切都长得很好。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“It is not easy work, but I feel very happy seeing everything in the garden grow well.”可知，作者认为这项工作不容易但是让人很开心，故选C。 4． 主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文讲了作者发现了菜地，然后在菜地当志愿者，以及做志愿者的感受，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市天山区·期末） Do you care about your neighborhood? Joseph Beer really cares about his neighborhood. Last summer holiday, the 15-year-old boy found he had lots of time in hands. However, he didn’t spend his time playing video games or watching films. He did some things meaningful for his neighborhood. The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches. Seeing this, Joseph decided to clean the signs and cut down the branches. According to his mom, Joseph would go out in the morning, spend all day going around the neighborhood and tidying things up. He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening, and he would do it again the next day. He was tired but happy. After some time, people in his neighborhood saw his hard work. They shared before-and-after photos of the signs he had cleaned online. Many people were touched by his simple act of kindness. They were so thankful that they even gave away money to him. However, Joseph didn’t spend the money on new tools or even something for himself. He donated it to a local food bank for families in need. Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work. It gives him a strong feeling of satisfaction and he plans to keep going. 1．What can we know about the neighborhood from paragraph 2? A．It was beautiful. B．It wasn’t tidy. C．It was crowded. D．It was popular. 2．When did Joseph go home after tiding things up in the neighborhood? A．In the morning. B．At noon. C．In the afternoon. D．In the evening. 3．How did Joseph deal with the money he got? A．By buying some tools. B．By donating it to others. C．By buying something for himself. D．By giving it to his family. 4．What does the underlined word “payoff” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Return. B．Deal. C．Journey. D．Sign. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A nice neighborhood. B．A group of kind people. C．How to help the people in need. D．Joseph’s action to care about the neighborhood. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了15岁的男孩Joseph在假期帮助社区做一些有意义事情的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The outdoor areas in Joseph’s neighborhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty and some were covered with branches”可知，社区并不整洁，一些路标很脏，一些被树枝覆盖，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“He wouldn’t go home until late in the evening”可知，直到晚上很晚才回家，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“He donated it to a local food bank for families in need”可知，把它捐给了当地的一家食品银行，帮助有需要的家庭，故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Joseph is happy to see their tidy neighborhood. For him, that is the best payoff for his hard work”可知，努力工作有了回报，所以划线单词与Return同义，故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了15岁的男孩Joseph在假期帮助社区做一些有意义事情的故事，所以D选项符合本文标题，故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） On Feb. 24th, Su Yiming was very happy! The 18-year-old snowboarder (滑雪板选手) received a special letter from President Xi Jinping. In the letter, President Xi congratulated (祝贺) Su and the other athletes (运动员) at the Beijing Winter Olympics. “We are living in a time for young people to realize (实现) their dreams.” Xi said in the letter. He hopes that young Chinese people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high (志存高远), and stay grounded. After winning his gold medal, Su understood that he should thank his strong motherland. “I want to write a letter to President Xi,” Su told People’s Daily. “I really want to thank him from the bottom of my heart.” In 2019, Xi met with athletes and coaches in Beijing. Su was one of the athletes. Xi told them to aim high. Su was excited by Xi’s words. “I decided to believe in myself and I must give it all to make my dream come true.” Su said. How did it feel to receive a letter from Xi? “I couldn’t believe it at first,” Su told People’s Daily. “This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.” 1．Why did Su Yiming feel happy on Feb. 24th? A．He won a gold medal. B．He talked with President Xi. C．He got a letter from President Xi. D．He got congratulations from his coach. 2．What did President Xi hope in the letter? A．He hoped that young people could keep the motherland in their hearts. B．He hoped that young people could aim high and stay grounded. C．He hoped that young people could realize their dreams. D．All of the above. 3．Why did Su write a letter to President Xi? A．To tell him about his win. B．To thank him. C．To ask for help. D．To talk about the Olympics. 4．What happened to Su after President Xi met with them in Beijing in 2019? A．Xi’s words encouraged Su a lot. B．Su wanted to write a letter at that time. C．Su answered President Xi at once. D．Su has already made his dream come true. 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Su no longer believes in himself. B．Su will keep writing letters to President Xi. C．Su hopes to encourage others to work hard. D．Su will go on realizing his dreams. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了苏翊鸣受到习主席的鼓励，更加努力实现梦想。。 1．细节理解题。根据“On Feb. 24th, Su Yiming was very happy! The 18-year-old snowboarder (滑雪板选手) received a special letter from President Xi Jinping. ”可知，获得了来自习主席的一封信，非常高兴；故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“He hopes that young Chinese people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high (志存高远), and stay grounded.”和“We are living in a time for young people to realize (实现) their dreams.”可知，他希望中国青年永远心系祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地；并且我们是生活在一个年轻人实现梦想的时代；故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“I want to write a letter to President Xi”可知，写信给习主席是为了感谢；故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Xi told them to aim high. Su was excited by Xi’s words.”可知，习主席的话鼓励了他；故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.”可知，苏翊鸣在未来会更加努力地工作；故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） One day, a farmer took a bag of wheat (小麦) to town. He didn’t know what to do when the bag fell off his horse. The bag was too heavy for him to carry. He hoped that someone would come and help him. Soon a man came over. But the farmer’s heart sank (下沉) when he saw the man, because he was the famous judge (法官) in town. The farmer was afraid to ask him for help. As soon as the farmer came up to the judge, the judge got off his horse and said, “You need my help, don’t you? Let me help you.” Then he took one side of the bag. The farmer took the other side of it. They carried the bag of wheat onto the horse. “Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?” “Well,” the judge answered, “If you see anyone in need of help, do the same for him.” 1．The farmer did not know what to do because ________. A．his horse ran away B．his horse fell down C．there was a hole in his bag D．he could not carry the bag himself 2．The farmer was afraid to ask ________ for help. A．his neighbor B．the other farmer C．the famous judge D．one of his friends 3．When the farmer came up to the judge, ________. A．The judge did not help the farmer B．The judge got onto his horse and went away C．The judge asked the farmer to get on the horse D．The judge helped the farmer carry the bag onto the horse 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Farm B．A Bag of Wheat C．A Heavy Bag D．Do the Same for Him 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要描述了一个农夫带着小麦去镇子上，但小麦从马上掉下来了，太沉以至于他搬不到马背上，这个时候一个法官来帮忙，然后法官告诉他如果有人需要帮助时，他也去帮助别人。 1．细节理解题。根据“The bag was too heavy for him to carry. He hoped that someone would come and help him.”可知，袋子太重，农夫自己搬不动，不知道该怎么办。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“But the farmer’s heart sank (下沉) when he saw the man, because he was the famous judge (法官) in town. The farmer was afraid to ask him for help.”可知，农夫害怕向这位著名的法官求助。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As soon as the farmer came up to the judge, the judge got off his horse and said, ‘You need my help, don’t you? Let me help you.’ Then he took one side of the bag. The farmer took the other side of it. They carried the bag of wheat onto the horse.”可知，当农夫走到法官面前时，法官下马帮助农夫把袋子搬到了马背上。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“‘Well,’ the judge answered, ‘If you see anyone in need of help, do the same for him.’”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了法官帮助农夫把一袋小麦搬到马背上，并且告诉农夫，如果看到有人需要帮助，也要这样做。因此，最佳标题是“同样地帮助他”。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $