专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，新疆专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级下说明文阅读，精选新疆各地期末真题，覆盖人与自我（健康、成长）、人与自然（文化地理）、人与社会（科技、礼仪）三大主题，情境真实贴近学生生活，注重语言能力与跨文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|每篇4-5题|细节理解（如指代题）、词义猜测（如“wealthy”）、主旨归纳（最佳标题）、推理判断（段落结构）|以5G、共享单车等科技热点，扎染、乡村音乐等文化素材创设情境；结合校园欺凌、体重管理等社会话题，考查信息获取与思维分析能力，匹配期末考要求|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——健康与生活 Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C Passage 2 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B Passage 3 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D Passage 4 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 主题02 人与自然——文化与地理 Passage 1 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C Passage 2 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺与天气 Passage 1 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C Passage 2 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 主题01 人与自我——未来与成长 Passage 1 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B Passage 2 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 主题02 人与社会——公益与科技 Passage 1 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D Passage 2 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C Passage 3 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C Passage 4 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 5 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D Passage 6 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 主题03 人与社会——文化与礼仪 Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B Passage 2 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——健康与生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） Music can make a difference to our body and mind. For music lovers, listening to music can reduce (减少) stress and physical pain (疼痛) and it can also improve our moods (情绪) and sleep quality. A new study found that people could reduce pain by listening to their favorite songs. The researchers asked 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs and let each person keep a hot teacup in hands while listening to music. The result showed that when people listened to music they liked, it could reduce the pain they felt by 10%. Music and sleep have a close relationship. For example, listening to the right music can improve sleep quality. Soft music can help us relax and fall asleep more easily. Studies have shown that music can slow down heart rate and lower blood pressure. It can also make us more excited. Different kinds of music have different effects (效果). Classical music and nature sounds are often used. To use music for sleep, choose some relaxing songs or sounds and play them at a low volume before bed. All in all, music can improve sleep and relaxation. Music is a powerful (强有力的) tool that can play a role in our healthy listening to music in our daily life, we can make our quality of life better and enjoy many benefits (好处) it offers. 1．Listening to music can reduce stress and ________ for music lovers. A．good moods B．sleep quality C．physical pain 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “________” in Paragraph 2. A．listening to music they like B．keeping a hot teacup in hands C．bringing two of their favorite songs 3．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Music and Sleep B．Different Kinds of Music C．A Powerful Tool-Music 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了音乐对人体身心的多种健康益处，如缓解疼痛、改善睡眠、减轻压力、调节情绪等，指出音乐是助力健康的强大工具，日常聆听能有效提升生活质量。 【详解】1．根据第一段第二句“For music lovers, listening to music can reduce stress and physical pain...”可知，对于音乐爱好者，听音乐可以减少压力和身体疼痛。 1．根据第二段最后一句“...when people listened to music they liked, it could reduce the pain...”可知，这里的“it”指代的是前半句提到的“听他们喜欢的音乐”这一行为。 2．根据第三段第二句“For example, listening to the right music can improve sleep quality.”可知，作者通过列举例子来说明音乐与睡眠的关系。 3．通读全文，文章主要介绍了音乐对减轻疼痛、改善睡眠等身心健康方面的益处，最后一段总结提到“Music is a powerful tool...”，选项C最能概括文章主旨。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市天山区·期末） A good breakfast is the best way to start your day. In China, people in different places usually eat different kinds of food for breakfast. In many southern places, there are many breakfast foods made from rice. As we know, southern China has grown rice for thousands of years. Rice is widely (广泛地) planted there. However, in the north of China, people usually eat breakfast foods made from wheat (小麦) because the north grows wheat. Different people like different tastes. Some people love to eat porridge (粥) and baozi. Some people love to eat youtiao and drink soy milk (豆浆). There are also some famous breakfast foods in China. For example, people in Hunan love to eat rice noodles. They especially love spicy (辛辣的) rice noodles. Do you know jianbing guozi (煎饼果子)? It is a popular breakfast food in Tianjin, But now, people in other places can buy it easily. 1．Why do people in southern China usually eat breakfast foods made from rice? A．Because they are easy to make. B．Because they can be bought easily. C．Because rice is widely grown there. D．Because there are very few other foods. 2．What breakfast food does the writer NOT mention in the passage? A．Porridge. B．Youtiao. C．Baozi. D．Mantou. 3．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．jianbing guozi can only be bought in Tianjin B．rice noodles are very popular in Hunan C．Chinese people always eat the same breakfast foods D．Chinese people only love to eat food made from rice 4．The passage is written to introduce (介绍) ________. A．three meals in China B．some Chinese breakfast foods C．how to make a healthy breakfast D．why the Chinese eat different breakfast foods 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国不同地区的早餐差异及原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“In many southern places, there are many breakfast foods made from rice. As we know, southern China has grown rice for thousands of years. Rice is widely planted there.”可知，南方人通常吃大米做的早餐是因为南方广泛地种植水稻。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some people love to eat porridge and baozi. Some people love to eat youtiao and drink soy milk.”可知，文中提到的早餐食物有粥、油条和包子，没有提及馒头。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, people in Hunan love to eat rice noodles.”可知，米粉在湖南很受欢迎。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“In China, people in different places usually eat different kinds of food for breakfast.”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一些中国不同的早餐食物。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州·期末） Most students do not like doing housework because they think it’s boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things. You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible (有责任心的). Divide housework among the family. In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun. Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very interesting if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favorite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction. 1．Why do most students not like doing housework? A．Because they think it’s boring. B．Because they think it’s tiring. C．Because they’re too busy. D．Because they don’t know how to do it. 2．Which is NOT an example of learning to do small things? A．Doing the dishes. B．Sweeping the floor. C．Cooking breakfast. D．Making the bed. 3．What does the underlined word “Divide” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．挑战 B．划分 C．提升 D．传承 4．You can try ________ ways to make the housework notas boring as you think according to the passage. A．three B．four C．five D．six 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of doing housework. B．Doing housework is as important as study. C．Why we should help parents do housework. D．How to make the housework not as boring as we think. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了让家务变得有趣的一些方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Most students do not like doing housework because they think it’s boring.”可知，大多数学生不喜欢做家务，因为他们认为这很无聊。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed.”可知，你应该学会做小事，如洗碗、扫地或整理床铺。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Divide housework among the family.”以及“It’s good to divide housework into different parts.”可知，在家里可以分担家务，可推测出“Divide”意为“划分”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Learn to do small things.”，“Divide housework among the family.”以及“Make it fun.”可知，文中介绍了三种让家务变得有趣的方法。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了让家务变得有趣的一些方法。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Many people like animals and keep one or more as pets—dogs, cats or some kinds of birds. If you keep a dog or a cat as a pet, you must know how to look after them. A grown-up dog needs two meals a day—not more. And it can eat meat, fish, rice and some other things. Dogs like large bones, but don’t give them chicken bones. Remember to give them much clean water. A dog should have a clean, dry box for sleeping. Washing it once a week is good for its health. If it is ill, take it to a doctor. A healthy dog will bring you more pleasure. Be careful if you have a cat. It has two meals a day with some meat of fish. Cats drink a little milk every day. Sometimes you should give them vegetables to eat. Don’t forget that they need clean water to drink. Take good care of your pets. They will be your good friends. Maybe they can give you some help when you need. 1．________ can be kept as pets from the passage. A．Pandas B．Elephants C．Chickens D．Cats 2．What do dogs like eating? A．All the bones. B．Big bones. C．Small bones. D．Chickens bones 3．Both dogs and cats need ________ to drink every day. A．milk B．orange C．clean water D．fish 4．Pets can ________ when they need. A．buy things for their owners B．help their owners C．take care of their owners D．cook for their owners 5．A healthy dog can make you ________. A．happy B．sorry C．young D．worried 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要告诉人们怎样照顾自己的宠物。以及宠物给我们带来的欢乐和帮助。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you keep a dog or a cat as a pet, you must know how to look after them.”可知，猫可以作为一个宠物，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Dogs like large bones”可知，狗喜欢大骨头，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Remember to give them much clean water.”以及“Don’t forget that they need clean water to drink”可知，狗和猫都需要干净的水喝，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Maybe they can give you some help when you need.”可知，宠物可以在主人需要的时候帮助他们。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“A healthy dog will bring you more pleasure.”可知，一只健康的狗会给你带来更多的快乐。故选A。 主题02 人与自然——文化与地理 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Are you interested in country music? I like it very much! It will take me away for a while after I am tired. The guitars and songs will take me to mountains and fields. Country music usually talks about everyday life and feelings. It’s the spirit of America, easy to understand, slow and simple. Country music developed in the Southern United States. It was the folk music of American countryside. Many songs tell about the lives of farmers. They talk about love, crops or death. The life of the countryside can be hard, so the words in country music are often sad. At first, people played the music only at family parties. But it became more popular later. In the 1920s, people played country songs on the radio, and they made them into records. When people in the countryside moved to towns and cities to look for work, they took their music with them. Country music continued to change and became popular across America. John Denver was one of America’s most famous country singers in the 1970s. His song “Take Me Home, Country Roads” is well-known and people still play it today. 1．Country music is usually about ________. A．everyday life and feelings B．farmers’ feelings C．the lives of workers D．the lives of students 2．Country music developed in ________. A．John Denver’s city B．the Southern United States C．the Northern United States D．the middle of United States 3．People began to make country song records ________. A．in the 1920s B．in 1920 C．in the 1970s D．in 1970 4．Why did country music become popular in America? A．Because city people liked the music. B．Because farmers moved to cities with the music and it continued to change. C．Because country music talked about city people’s lives. D．Because city people liked the country. 5．Who is famous for the song “Take Me Home, Country Roads”? A．A farmer in the countryside. B．A person who moved to towns. C．John Denver. D．Denver John. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述美国乡村音乐如何变成流行音乐的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Country music usually talks about everyday life and feelings”可知，乡村音乐通常是关于日常生活和情感的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Country music developed in the Southern United States.”可知，乡村音乐是在美国南部发展起来的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the 1920s, people played country songs on the radio, and they made them into records.”可知，人们在20世纪20年代开始制作乡村歌曲唱片。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“When people in the countryside moved to towns and cities to look for work, they took their music with them. Country music continued to change and became popular across America.”可知，乡村音乐在美国流行起来，是因为农民带着他们的音乐搬到了城市，音乐也在不断地变化。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“John Denver was one of America’s most famous country singers in the 1970s. His song ‘Take Me Home, Country Roads’ is well-known and people still play it today.”可知约翰·丹佛因《带我回家，乡村路》这首歌而出名。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Shanghai is in East China. It’s an international city. Shanghai is famous for its night views and shopping centers. It is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also known as the “Shopping Paradise (乐园)” because there are a lot of department stores and huge shopping centers. Therefore, it’s not surprising that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year to shop. People’s Square is known as the center of Shanghai. If you go there, you will see a huge open area of green grass, fountains (喷泉) and pigeons (鸽子). There are many new buildings around. You will find Shanghai Grand Theatre, the Musical Hall and Shanghai Museum there. If you go to Pudong New District in the east of Shanghai, you will see the Nanpu Bridge. It’s 8,346 meters long. It’s one of the longest suspension bridges in the world. In Pudong, you will also see the famous Oriental Pearl TV Tower. 1．Shanghai is famous for its ________. A．night views B．shopping centers C．clean air D．Both A and B 2．Shanghai is ________ in the world. A．the largest city B．one of the largest cities C．the smallest city D．the most crowded 3．________ is known as “the center of Shanghai”. A．Pudong New District B．Shanghai Grand Theatre C．People’s Square D．The Oriental Pearl TV Tower 4．We can see ________ at People’s Square. A．a huge open area of green grass B．fountains C．pigeons D．All of the above 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海作为国际大都市的特色，包括其以夜景和购物中心闻名、是世界最大城市之一，以及人民广场和浦东新区的标志性建筑等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai is famous for its night views and shopping centers.”可知，上海因夜景和购物中心而闻名。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is one of the largest cities in the world.”可知，上海是世界上最大的城市之一。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“People’s Square is known as the center of Shanghai.”可知，人民广场被称为上海的中心。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you go there, you will see a huge open area of green grass, fountains (喷泉) and pigeons (鸽子).”可知，在人民广场可以看到大片绿地、喷泉和鸽子。故选D。 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺与天气 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆阿克苏·期末） To dye (染色) clothes by machines is very common now. But in ancient times, the whole process was completed by hands. This skill is called tie-dye (扎染). It is said that tie-dyed clothes appeared in the Qin Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, tie-dyed clothes became very popular and the most beautiful ones were sent to the emperors as gifts. Yang Cheng, a 52-year-old man, was well-known for his tie-dye skills. He started learning tie-dye in the 1980s. Later, he went to other countries to learn different ways of tie-dye, such as Japan, India and France. He has been studying tie-dye for 35 years and he wants more people to know it. At present, he teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100,000 people have learned from him. Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产). It has become very popular among people, even children can do it for fun. Liu Mei is a teacher at a kindergarten. She teaches kids to dye scarves. They tie a white scarf together at first, then they put the scarf into the dye. After they finish, there are some amazing pictures on it. Tie-dye is interesting and fun. Do you want to have a try? 1．Tie-dyed clothes appeared in the ________ Dynasty. A．Qin B．Song C．Tang D．Ming 2．Yang Cheng didn’t study tie-dye in ________. A．France B．India C．Japan D．America 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是) ________? A．The gift. B．The white scarf. C．The skill of tie-dye. D．The kindergarten. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Liu Mei works in a kindergarten. B．Yang Cheng learned tie-dye in the 1980s. C．Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages. D．Tie-dyed clothes were sent to the emperors as gifts in the Ming Dynasty. 5．You may see this introduction of tie-dye from a(n) ________. A．cartoon B．sitcom C．documentary D．action movie 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的非物质文化遗产——扎染。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is said that tie-dyed clothes appeared in the Qin Dynasty.”可知，扎染的衣服出现在秦朝。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“he went to other countries to learn different ways of tie-dye, such as Japan, India and France”可知，Yang Cheng去日本、印度和法国学习不同的扎染方法，没有去美国。故选D。 3．代词指代题。根据“They tie a white scarf together at first, then they put the scarf into the dye. After they finish, there are some amazing pictures on it.”可知，将白色围巾系在一起，然后将围巾放入染料中，完成后有一些惊人的图片在上面，所以it指代白色的围巾。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“During the Tang Dynasty, tie-dyed clothes became very popular and the most beautiful ones were sent to the emperors as gifts.”可知，唐朝时期，漂亮的扎染衣服会被作为礼物送给皇帝，而不是明朝。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“To dye clothes by machines is very common now. But in ancient times, the whole process was completed by hands. This skill is called tie-dye.”和“Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages.”可知，扎染是一种给衣服染色的工艺，属于中国的一项非物质文化遗产，所以可以在纪录片中看到关于扎染的介绍。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第四中学·期末） 根据材料内容，在A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Have you ever seen snow? Many people in the world have not. Some countries never have snow, some have only a little on the tops of very high mountains. In the north of England, there is quite a lot of snow every winter, but in the south of England, there is usually little. When a student from a warm country comes to England in autumn for the first time, he feels cold at first. There are often dark clouds, grey sky and cold rain in England in autumn, and most students from warm countries do not like this. But snow is different. Though it is cold, it is also beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of light in his room. He thinks “Is it so late?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is not very late. He looks out of the window and there is the snow on the ground and on the houses and everywhere. The light of his room comes from clean, beautiful snow. 1．In which part of England is there much snow in winter? A．In the east. B．In the south. C．In the west. D．In the north. 2．In the autumn of England, we can NOT often see ______. A．strong winds B．dark clouds C．grey sky D．cold rain 3．The writer thinks that in England both snow and autumn rain are ________. A．beautiful B．clean C．cold D．heavy 4．Why does the student ask himself “Is it so late?” A．Because it’s really late. B．Because he has some work to do. C．Because it is bright in the room. D．Because he usually gets up early. 5．Which of the following statements (陈述) is right? A．Every country in the world has snow in winter. B．Many people in the world haven’t seen snow. C．It is often very warm in the autumn of England. D．Foreign students like the weather in England. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的雪和雪的特点。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the north of England, there is quite a lot of snow every winter”可知，在英格兰的北部，每年冬天都下很多雪，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“There are often dark clouds, grey sky and cold rain in England in autumn, and most students from warm countries do not like this.”可知，英国的秋天经常有乌云、灰色的天空和冷雨，没有大风。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“he feels cold at first. There are often dark clouds, grey sky and cold rain in England in autumn”和第三段“But snow is different. Though it is cold, it is also beautiful.”可知，英国的雪和秋雨都很冷。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the students wakes up one day, and there is a lot of light in his room.”可知，因为房间太亮了，所以会问自己“迟到了吗”，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever seen snow? Many people in the world have not.”可知，世界上很多人没有见过雪。故选B。 主题01 人与自我——未来与成长 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） When we think about 2050, it seems that it is far from now and it will be a totally different world. But in fact, it is just about 25 years from now and we can already know what will be possible to have by that time. Now, let’s have a look at some predictions about 2050 together. First, AI (人工智能) will bring more jobs in 2050. Many people worry about AI in our lives because they think robots will do all the jobs and we won’t have jobs. But according to (根据) a survey, AI will bring 2.3 million jobs and make only 1.8 million jobs disappear. Second, space travel will be possible in 2050. According to Business Insider, people can travel in space in 2050. But it will only be for wealthy people, because the travel to space will cost about 100 million dollars for just one week. Last, self-driving cars will make driving safer (更加安全的). Self-driving cars will make traffic-related (有关联的) deaths less possible and driving safer. And they can also bring changes (变化) in our lives, too. We will have more time for ourselves. Will all these come true? Perhaps the future is much nearer than we think. 1．What does the underlined word “wealthy” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rich. B．Healthy. C．Successful. D．Outgoing. 2．What will your life be like in 2050 if you have a self-driving car? A．You can drive it to space. B．You can travel anywhere you want. C．You will drive it faster than usual cars. D．You will have more free time. 3．What will happen in the future according to the passage? A．AI will surely make robots do all the jobs for humans. B．Life in 50 years will be the same. C．Space travel may come true in 2050. D．Self-driving cars will make driving less safe. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Life in the Past B．Predictions for the Future C．Robots in the Future D．Problems in the Future 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要对2050年的生活进行了预测。 1．词句猜测题。根据“because the travel to space will cost about 100 million dollars for just one week.”可知，太空旅行一周要花费约1亿美元，费用高昂，所以推测只有“富有的”人才能进行太空旅行，“wealthy”意思是“富有的”，与“Rich”意思相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Self-driving cars will make traffic-related (有关联的) deaths less possible and driving safer. And they can also bring changes (变化) in our lives, too. We will have more time for ourselves.”可知，自动驾驶汽车会让我们的生活有变化，我们会拥有更多属于自己的时间，即会有更多空闲时间。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“According to Business Insider, people can travel in space in 2050.”可知，2050年太空旅行可能会实现。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Now, let’s have a look at some predictions about 2050 together.”可知本文主要对2050年的生活进行了预测，所以最佳标题是“Predictions for the Future”。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Jim is a good student and he has lots of friends, but he also has a problem. Some older boys are bullying (欺负) him. Jim is very helpless and he doesn’t know what to do about it. Here is some advice for him and other teenagers in this situation. Bullying is not very common in schools. However, everyone should know something about how to deal with this problem. Being bullied can make you feel very upset and angry, but you are not alone. Don’t hide the problem. Find a person you can trust, such as a teacher or your parents, and tell him or her what you are suffering. After you talk to someone, you will get some support and feel better. Maybe you will be nervous to speak to an adult, but there are other things you can do. Some people express their feelings more easily on paper. Write a letter to someone or keep a diary, including all the details about what the bullies do, as well as when and where the bullying happened. You can show your letter or diary to responsible adults, and let them know what is going on. The bullies will feel very afraid if their names appear in a letter! Also, don’t show your fear and don’t try to fight with the bullies. You can get into trouble. Pay no attention to them and walk away, and the bullies will soon stop. 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 1．Jim’s problem is that some older boys are ________ him. A．helping B．bullying C．cheating D．supporting 2．Being bullied can make people feel ________. A．unhappy and lonely B．upset and lonely C．angry and lonely D．upset and angry 3．What can you do if you are bullied? A．Find someone you trust and tell him. B．Write a letter to someone. C．Keep a diary D．A、B and C． 4．What does the passage tell us? A．Some advice for solving the bullying. B．How to fight with others. C．We shouldn’t tell others about being bullied. D．How to fight with the bullies. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Jim在校受高年级男生欺负，不知道如何处理的故事为例给受欺凌的学生们提供了一些指导性的建议以帮助他们正确对待此类事件。 1．细节理解题。根据“Jim is a good student and he has lots of friends, but he also has a problem. Some older boys are bullying (欺负) him.”可知，Jim的问题是一些大男孩在欺负他，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Being bullied can make you feel very upset and angry”可知，被欺负会让你感到非常沮丧和愤怒，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Don’t hide the problem. Find a person you can trust, such as a teacher or your parents, and tell him or her what you are suffering.”以及“Write a letter to someone or keep a diary, including all the details about what the bullies do, as well as when and where the bullying happened.”可知，如果你被欺负了，你可以告诉值得信任的成年人，也可以以写信或者记日记的方式记录自己经历的事情，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Jim is very helpless and he doesn’t know what to do about it. Here is some advice for him and other teenagers in this situation.”可知，本文主要介绍了面对欺凌应该如果应对的一些建议，故选A。 主题02 人与社会——公益与科技 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Helping others is a great thing to do. You can learn new things and have fun. There are many ways of helping others. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?Charities (慈善机构) Charities are organizations that help others, for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund. You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.Volunteering Volunteering is when you give your time to help others. It’s something which you do not have to do or for which you will not be paid. Some ways of volunteering are: visiting old people to talk to them or help them walking dogs at an animal shelter (避难所), cleaning up a park.Fundraising Fundraising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fundraising are: making cakes or biscuits to sell, doing a sponsored (赞助) activity. For example, family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.Donating Donating is when you give your things or money to help others. Some ways of donating are: giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people, giving your old books to a library, giving your money to a charity. So, what can you do to help others? 1．What are the Charities? A．They visit old people. B．Cleaning up a park. C．They are organizations that help others. D．Giving your old books to a library. 2．How many ways of helping others are mentioned in the article? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．The underlined word “fundraising” means “________” in Chinese. A．募款活动 B．慰问活动 C．志愿活动 D．捐物活动 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Charities. B．Learning New Things. C．A Great Thing to Do. D．Ways of Helping Others. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了一些帮助别人的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Charities are organizations that help others”可知，慈善机构是帮助他人的组织，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Charities (慈善机构)”，“Volunteering”，“Fundraising”以及“Donating”可知，文章提到了四种帮助别人的方法，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Fundraising is when you collect money to help others.”可知，收集钱来帮助别人也就是筹款，所以单词“Fundraising”指的是“募款活动”，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“There are many ways of helping others. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?”及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了几种帮助别人的方法，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） “Without music, life would be a mistake,‍” famous German philosopher (哲学家) Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets (预算). For example, Chicago Public Schools hurt arts education when it fired (解雇) over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That’s partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn’t tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial (有益的) in many ways. When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode (解码) them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time. Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano. 1．Why did some schools in the US cut music classes? A．Because students in the US weren’t interested in music B．Because they were too difficult to learn C．Because there weren’t enough music teachers in the US D．Because the schools wanted to control budgets. 2．In Paragraph 2, what does the underlined word “them” refer to(指代)? A．Public schools. B．Fired teachers. C．Parents in Chicago. D．Students in Chicago. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Different abilities are needed to work together while we are playing music. B．Playing the piano needs people to use fingers to make sounds. C．Decoding music notes is needed while we are playing music. D．Playing the piano needs people to see music notes. 4．What’s the writers opinion according to this passage? A．Music is as simple as it looks. B．Music classes should be cut in some schools. C．Music is a big part of our lives. D．Music isn’t a very important life skill for us. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了音乐是我们生活的一个重要部分，但是一些学校正在削减音乐课。人们对音乐的不重视一定程度上是因为它不被视为一种重要的生活技能。事实上音乐在许多方面是有益的，许多科学家就擅长演奏音乐。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets”可知，一些学校削减音乐课是为了控制预算，即省钱。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000 teachers.”可知，“them”指代的是被解雇的老师。故选B。 3．段落大意题。根据第四段“When playing music, you need different abilities to work together.”可知，当演奏音乐时，你需要不同的能力来合作。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据第一段“Music is a big part of our lives.”和第三段，第四段的描述可知，作者认为音乐对人们很重要。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） Bike-sharing is getting more and more popular in China. More and more people choose bike riding instead of driving. If you don’t have bikes, you can borrow bikes from some service companies and these bikes have GPS or Bluetooth on them. It is easy for us to borrow a bike from one place and give it back at another place easily by a smart phone. If you want to use such bikes, you should have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find the nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code (代码) on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection (无线连接). You will find the bike can be unlocked (开启) itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. Another important thing about it is that you can easily find a bike and never worry about where to park it. You should pay money according to the time you spend. For example, if you ride for one hour, maybe you need to pay one yuan. It isn’t too expensive, is it? At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. However, some people don’t value the bikes. Now the service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen (被偷). We have to say bike-sharing helps us a lot. It is a kind of green transport. People can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use. 1．From the first paragraph, we know ________. A．Bike-sharing is less popular in China now B．Some people are using sharing bikes in China C．Most people in cities don’t drive D．People can’t borrow shared bikes easily anywhere 2．The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A．浏览 B．扫描 C．审视 D．细查 3．If you want to use a shared bike, you must ________ first. A．have a smart phone and download an APP B．download an APP and pay for the trip C．unlock the bike and download an APP D．find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到) in this passage? A．Bike-sharing is cheap. B．Some people don’t value the bikes. C．Shared bikes are easy to unlock. D．Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport 5．The passage probably comes from a ________. A．science textbook B．doctor C．website news report D．restaurant menu 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了共享单车在中国的普及、使用方法、优势以及存在的一些问题。 【详解】44．第一段第二句“More and more people choose bike riding instead of driving.”说明一些人正在使用共享单车。 1．根据第二段中“scan the QR code (代码) on the bike”可知，QR code是二维码，使用手机对二维码进行的操作通常是“扫描”。 2．第二段“If you want to use such bikes, you should have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.”说明，使用共享单车首先需要有智能手机并下载 APP。 3．文中第二段明确提到：“It isn’t too expensive, is it?”，与cheap意思一致，已提及；文中第三段原话：“However, some people don’t value the bikes.”，已提及；文中第四段原话：“It is a kind of green transport.”，已提及。文章未明确提到“共享单车容易解锁”，只提到了解锁的方式。 4．本文介绍了共享单车这一社会热点话题，包含使用方法、现状及问题，语言通俗，具有时效性，最可能来源于网站新闻报道。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆农业大学附属中学·期末） 5G is coming. 5G is the 5th generation(代) network. It is a new network after 1 G, 2 G, 3 G and 4G. It can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data speed. One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient. 5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission(传输) to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve(达到) this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet and can order for food and drinks. 5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas.in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms. It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away. The facts listed above are only a part of what is 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore. Now let’s welcome the coming of 5G. 1．How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G? A．15 seconds. B．8 seconds. C．10 minutes. D．2 hours. 2．The underlined word “remotely” means “________“. A．快速地 B．高效地 C．远程地 D．科学地 3．5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT ________. A．self-driving cars B．“smart” airplanes C．online classes 3 D．hospitals without doctors 4．About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage? A．to be used freely B．super-fast data speed C．to connect everyone and everything together D．to make life more convenient than 4G 5．What is the title of the passage? A．How to use 5G. B．5G is not safe. C．5G can change our life in the future. D．5G can help poor students. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了5G网络，它可以将所有人和所有的事物连接在一起，它将在自动驾驶汽车、智能飞机、在线学习、远程治疗等方面发挥作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知，下载一部两小时的电影不到10秒钟，所以B选项符合题意。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“It means caring for patients from far away.”（这意味着照顾来自远方的患者。）结合语境可知，remotely是“远程地”的意思。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“5G will make self-driving cars possible.”（5G将使自动驾驶汽车成为可能）；“Even airplanes will become ‘smart’ in the near future.”（甚至飞机在不久的将来也会变得“智能”）； “5G will be a big help for students who take online classes.”（5G对于上网课的学生来说会是一个很大的帮助）。可知，没有提到D选项。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“5G means super-fast data speed.”可知，5G意味着超快的数据速度；根据“It is a new network after 1 G, 2 G, 3 G and 4 G. It can connect everyone and everything together.”可知，5G可以将所有人和所有事联系在一起；根据“One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知，5G让生活比4G更方便。所以短文没有提到5G可以免费试用。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了5G网络，它可以将所有人和所有的事物连接在一起，它将在自动驾驶汽车、智能飞机、在线学习、远程治疗等方面发挥作用。所以文章标题应为“5G可以改变我们未来的生活”，故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 To help people live healthier lives, China has started a special “Weight Management Year (体重管理年).” The government is opening more “weight-losing places” in hospitals. With the help of doctors, food experts, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in these places, people can lose weight safely. More than half of Chinese adults are now too heavy. If nothing changes, this number could go up to 70% by 2030. Being too heavy can cause health problems. To solve this, China began a three-year activity in 2024. There are more and more sports parks and walking roads in many cities. People are exercising outdoors more often. Eating habits are changing too. New eating guides suggest healthy choices like steamed fish with vegetables in central China, fresh seafood in the south, and salads for office workers. Even traditional moon cakes are now smaller and healthier. Doctors put old Chinese ways of cooking together with modern science. For example, Shaanxi noodles now have more vegetables and tofu (豆腐). Staying healthy is not just about weight—it’s about eating well, exercising, and feeling happy. With these steps, China hopes to build a healthier future for everyone. 1．Why did China start the “Weight Management Year”? A．To help people live healthier lives. B．To make people eat more snacks. C．To build more hospitals. D．To sell more traditional Chinese medicine. 2．What does “this number” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．The number of doctors. B．The number of Chinese adults who are too heavy. C．The number of health problems caused by being overweight. D．The number of food experts. 3．What do doctors do to help people stay healthy? A．They only use old Chinese ways of cooking. B．They put old Chinese ways of cooking together with modern science. C．They ask people to eat only salads. D．They tell people not to exercise. 4．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A fashion magazine. C．A math textbook. D．A newspaper about health. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国为了帮助人们过上更健康的生活，启动了“体重管理年”活动，介绍了该活动的背景、目的以及采取的一些措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“To help people live healthier lives, China has started a special ‘Weight Management Year (体重管理年).’”可知，中国启动“体重管理年”的目的是为了帮助人们过上更健康的生活。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“More than half of Chinese adults are now too heavy. If nothing changes, this number could go up to 70% by 2030.”可知，目前，超过半数的中国成年人体重超标。如果不采取任何措施，到2030年这一比例可能会上升至70%。此处“this number”指的是中国超重的成年人数量。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Doctors put old Chinese ways of cooking together with modern science.”可知，医生们将中国传统的烹饪方式与现代科学相结合，以帮助人们保持健康。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了中国为了帮助人们过上更健康的生活所采取的一些措施，如启动“体重管理年”活动、建设运动公园和步行道、改变饮食习惯等，这些内容都与健康相关。因此，可以推断出这篇文章可能来自一份关于健康的报纸。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） My name is Emily Chiang. I work as a forensic linguist for the Birmingham Police Department. My teammates and I often describe our work as improving the delivery of justice (正义) through language. In other words, we help to catch bad guys by studying their language. Research on authorship is a key part of our work. We try to work out who might have written a certain piece of text. We look for different “markers”, such as strange spellings and repeatedly used phrases. For example, I might greet others by saying “hi”. But you might prefer to use “hello”. We once helped to catch a fraudster (诈骗犯) because he regularly used the unusual greeting “hiyas”. In the US, the first case solved by forensic linguists happened in 1927. A girl was kidnapped in New York. Her family, the McClure family, received a ransom note (勒索信) addressed to the girl’s uncle, Duncan McLure, the only member of the family to spell his name McLure. Police thought it strange that the kidnapper would know that the uncle spelled his name differently from the rest of the family. They thought he was in on the kidnapping. Sure enough, the uncle finally confessed. Of course, I think criminals (罪犯) will catch-up. Gloves can be worn to hide fingerprints. On the Internet, criminals can hide their faces, locations and voices. Similar efforts will be made online to cover up language “markers”. But over time, these efforts themselves will be based on certain systems. Discovering and studying such language systems is also part of our job. 1．Emily explains how forensic linguists work by ________. A．using timetables B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．stating reasons 2．What does the underlined word “confessed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．供认 B．悔改 C．逃脱 D．获释 3．Why does Emily mention the Internet? A．It helps catch more criminals. B．It shows new ways to study criminals. C．It brings new problems to forensic linguists. D．It provides more information for forensic linguists. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．“Punishing” the Bad Guys B．“Reading” the Language C．“Improving” the Justice D．“Discovering” the Certain System 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者Emily的职业——语言侦探，包括作者的工作经历与工作内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“...For example, I might greet others by saying ‘hi’. But you might prefer to use ‘hello’. We once helped to catch a fraudster (诈骗犯) because he regularly used the unusual greeting ‘hiyas’.”可知，艾米丽解释自己的工作方式时，列举了自己的工作经历。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They thought he was in on the kidnapping. Sure enough, the uncle finally confessed.”可知，最终叔叔承认了自己的罪状，confessed意思是“承认，供认”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“On the Internet, criminals can hide their faces, locations and voices. Similar efforts will be made online to cover up language ‘markers’.”可知，作者认为互联网能隐藏罪犯的信息，这会给语言侦探带来新的问题和挑战。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了语言侦探这一职业，其工作内容主要是解读语言。因此文章标题应是“‘解读’语言”。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——文化与礼仪 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 ① Going to an art museum can be a fun activity. However, if you’re not sure what the art is about, it may seem boring. Here are many ways to understand different kinds of art. ② You don’t need to visit the most famous museum in your area. Instead, look at the websites of a few local (当地的) museums. Choose one you’re interested in. ③ If a piece of artwork catches your eyes, you may start by getting close to the artwork. Think about the story the artwork may be trying to tell. Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself. This way, you might see new details (细节) of it that you didn’t notice before. ④ If you want to find out more details of the artwork, a volunteer at the museum may be helpful to talk to you about it. You can also ask yourself what the work means to you. For example, maybe the colors remind you of a place that’s special to you. ⑤ After you leave the museum, consider which pieces of art stay in your mind and why. Talk to a friend who went with you, and ask them about their favorite pieces, too. The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really. 1．What’s the writer’s advice when choosing a museum? A．Ask your parents to help you decide. B．Visit the most famous museum nearby. C．Choose a museum that interests you. D．Go to the cheapest museum. 2．Why do you need a notebook and pencil in paragraph 3? A．To make a quick drawing by yourself. B．To draw a picture of yourself quickly. C．To write down the story of the artwork. D．To record your feelings. 3．Who can help you learn more details about an artwork? A．A friend who went to the museum with you. B．A volunteer at the museum. C．The artist of the artwork. D．A worker in the museum shop. 4．What may be the magic of art really in the last paragraph? A．The art pieces that stay in your mind for a long time. B．The way you understand an artist through their work. C．The story your favorite piece of art is trying to tell. D．The way you talk to your friends. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何更好地理解和欣赏艺术作品的几种方法，包括选择感兴趣的博物馆、观察细节、与志愿者交流以及反思艺术品的意义等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“Choose one you’re interested in.”可推知，作者建议选择自己感兴趣的博物馆。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第③段“Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself.”可推知，笔记本和铅笔的作用是让自己快速画一幅画。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第④段“a volunteer at the museum may be helpful to talk to you about it.”可推知，志愿者可以帮助你了解更多细节。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第⑤段“The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really.”可推知，艺术的魔力在于你通过作品理解艺术家的方式。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段介绍文章的主题：如何欣赏艺术品；第二、三、四、五段分别从不同方面具体阐述了如何欣赏艺术作品。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第四中学·期末） 根据材料内容，在A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Going to a friend’s house is very exciting. You may spend time with a friend and get to see where he lives. So remember to be polite. When to arrive The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites you to his/her house, you need to arrive on time. If your friend tells you to come “around 3:00”, that means you can arrive a few minutes after 3:00, but it is also a good idea to arrive at the right time. What to bring Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend’s house. This could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together. You can also bring some flowers. A little gift is a nice way to show your friend that you are excited to be at his house. How to greet When you visit your friend’s house, you may also meet his parents. When I visited my friend Paul. I called his parents by their first names John and Mary. But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr. or Mrs. Smith. This will show them more respect. It is a cool thing to visit a friend’s house. Be polite to your friend’s parents, and you will be invited again! 1．The passage may be from ______. A．a picture on a wall B．a letter to a friend C．an article in a magazine D．a piece of news in a newspaper 2．If your friend asks you to get to your friend’s house around 5:00 p.m., it is polite to arrive at ______. A．5:30 p.m. B．5:02 p.m. C．4:50 p.m. D．4:30 p.m. 3．It’s not good to bring your friend ______ when you go to his/her house. A．a box of chocolates B．some flowers C．a movie D．some money 4．The underlined word respect in paragraph 4 means ______. A．重复 B．尊重 C．报道 D．机会 5．The passage mainly tells us ______. A．how to be a good visitor B．how to greet people C．what to bring to your friend D．when to arrive at your friend’s house 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们应该怎样成为一名有礼貌的拜访者，文中给出了三点建议。 1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了我们去朋友家拜访时，应该怎样做才能成为一名有礼貌的拜访者，文章为此给出了三点建议。因此最有可能在杂志上看到。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“If your friend tells you to come “around 3:00”, that means you can arrive a few minutes after 3:00, but it is also a good idea to arrive at the right time.”可知，如果你的朋友告诉你“大约3点”来，这意味着你可以在3点后几分钟到达，但在正确的时间到达也是一个好主意。由此可知，如果你的朋友让你在下午5点左右去朋友家，5:02到是有礼貌的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“This could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together. You can also bring some flowers. A little gift is a nice way to show your friend that you are excited to be at his house.”可知，当你去他/她的家时，给你的朋友带一些钱是不好的。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“When I visited my friend Paul. I called his parents by their first names John and Mary. But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr. or Mrs. Smith.”可知，作者认为比起对方父母的姓名，称呼他们史密斯先生或史密斯太太更礼貌，也是一种尊重。因此“respect”表示“尊重”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Going to a friend’s house is very exciting…So remember to be polite.”及最后一段“Be polite to your friend and your friend’s parents, and you will be invited again.”可知，本文主要介绍了我们去朋友家拜访时，应该怎样做才能成为一名有礼貌的拜访者，文章为此给出了三点建议。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——健康与生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） Music can make a difference to our body and mind. For music lovers, listening to music can reduce (减少) stress and physical pain (疼痛) and it can also improve our moods (情绪) and sleep quality. A new study found that people could reduce pain by listening to their favorite songs. The researchers asked 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs and let each person keep a hot teacup in hands while listening to music. The result showed that when people listened to music they liked, it could reduce the pain they felt by 10%. Music and sleep have a close relationship. For example, listening to the right music can improve sleep quality. Soft music can help us relax and fall asleep more easily. Studies have shown that music can slow down heart rate and lower blood pressure. It can also make us more excited. Different kinds of music have different effects (效果). Classical music and nature sounds are often used. To use music for sleep, choose some relaxing songs or sounds and play them at a low volume before bed. All in all, music can improve sleep and relaxation. Music is a powerful (强有力的) tool that can play a role in our healthy listening to music in our daily life, we can make our quality of life better and enjoy many benefits (好处) it offers. 1．Listening to music can reduce stress and ________ for music lovers. A．good moods B．sleep quality C．physical pain 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “________” in Paragraph 2. A．listening to music they like B．keeping a hot teacup in hands C．bringing two of their favorite songs 3．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Music and Sleep B．Different Kinds of Music C．A Powerful Tool-Music Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市天山区·期末） A good breakfast is the best way to start your day. In China, people in different places usually eat different kinds of food for breakfast. In many southern places, there are many breakfast foods made from rice. As we know, southern China has grown rice for thousands of years. Rice is widely (广泛地) planted there. However, in the north of China, people usually eat breakfast foods made from wheat (小麦) because the north grows wheat. Different people like different tastes. Some people love to eat porridge (粥) and baozi. Some people love to eat youtiao and drink soy milk (豆浆). There are also some famous breakfast foods in China. For example, people in Hunan love to eat rice noodles. They especially love spicy (辛辣的) rice noodles. Do you know jianbing guozi (煎饼果子)? It is a popular breakfast food in Tianjin, But now, people in other places can buy it easily. 1．Why do people in southern China usually eat breakfast foods made from rice? A．Because they are easy to make. B．Because they can be bought easily. C．Because rice is widely grown there. D．Because there are very few other foods. 2．What breakfast food does the writer NOT mention in the passage? A．Porridge. B．Youtiao. C．Baozi. D．Mantou. 3．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．jianbing guozi can only be bought in Tianjin B．rice noodles are very popular in Hunan C．Chinese people always eat the same breakfast foods D．Chinese people only love to eat food made from rice 4．The passage is written to introduce (介绍) ________. A．three meals in China B．some Chinese breakfast foods C．how to make a healthy breakfast D．why the Chinese eat different breakfast foods Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州·期末） Most students do not like doing housework because they think it’s boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things. You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible (有责任心的). Divide housework among the family. In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun. Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very interesting if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favorite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction. 1．Why do most students not like doing housework? A．Because they think it’s boring. B．Because they think it’s tiring. C．Because they’re too busy. D．Because they don’t know how to do it. 2．Which is NOT an example of learning to do small things? A．Doing the dishes. B．Sweeping the floor. C．Cooking breakfast. D．Making the bed. 3．What does the underlined word “Divide” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．挑战 B．划分 C．提升 D．传承 4．You can try ________ ways to make the housework notas boring as you think according to the passage. A．three B．four C．five D．six 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of doing housework. B．Doing housework is as important as study. C．Why we should help parents do housework. D．How to make the housework not as boring as we think. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Many people like animals and keep one or more as pets—dogs, cats or some kinds of birds. If you keep a dog or a cat as a pet, you must know how to look after them. A grown-up dog needs two meals a day—not more. And it can eat meat, fish, rice and some other things. Dogs like large bones, but don’t give them chicken bones. Remember to give them much clean water. A dog should have a clean, dry box for sleeping. Washing it once a week is good for its health. If it is ill, take it to a doctor. A healthy dog will bring you more pleasure. Be careful if you have a cat. It has two meals a day with some meat of fish. Cats drink a little milk every day. Sometimes you should give them vegetables to eat. Don’t forget that they need clean water to drink. Take good care of your pets. They will be your good friends. Maybe they can give you some help when you need. 1．________ can be kept as pets from the passage. A．Pandas B．Elephants C．Chickens D．Cats 2．What do dogs like eating? A．All the bones. B．Big bones. C．Small bones. D．Chickens bones 3．Both dogs and cats need ________ to drink every day. A．milk B．orange C．clean water D．fish 4．Pets can ________ when they need. A．buy things for their owners B．help their owners C．take care of their owners D．cook for their owners 5．A healthy dog can make you ________. A．happy B．sorry C．young D．worried 主题02 人与自然——文化与地理 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） Are you interested in country music? I like it very much! It will take me away for a while after I am tired. The guitars and songs will take me to mountains and fields. Country music usually talks about everyday life and feelings. It’s the spirit of America, easy to understand, slow and simple. Country music developed in the Southern United States. It was the folk music of American countryside. Many songs tell about the lives of farmers. They talk about love, crops or death. The life of the countryside can be hard, so the words in country music are often sad. At first, people played the music only at family parties. But it became more popular later. In the 1920s, people played country songs on the radio, and they made them into records. When people in the countryside moved to towns and cities to look for work, they took their music with them. Country music continued to change and became popular across America. John Denver was one of America’s most famous country singers in the 1970s. His song “Take Me Home, Country Roads” is well-known and people still play it today. 1．Country music is usually about ________. A．everyday life and feelings B．farmers’ feelings C．the lives of workers D．the lives of students 2．Country music developed in ________. A．John Denver’s city B．the Southern United States C．the Northern United States D．the middle of United States 3．People began to make country song records ________. A．in the 1920s B．in 1920 C．in the 1970s D．in 1970 4．Why did country music become popular in America? A．Because city people liked the music. B．Because farmers moved to cities with the music and it continued to change. C．Because country music talked about city people’s lives. D．Because city people liked the country. 5．Who is famous for the song “Take Me Home, Country Roads”? A．A farmer in the countryside. B．A person who moved to towns. C．John Denver. D．Denver John. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Shanghai is in East China. It’s an international city. Shanghai is famous for its night views and shopping centers. It is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also known as the “Shopping Paradise (乐园)” because there are a lot of department stores and huge shopping centers. Therefore, it’s not surprising that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year to shop. People’s Square is known as the center of Shanghai. If you go there, you will see a huge open area of green grass, fountains (喷泉) and pigeons (鸽子). There are many new buildings around. You will find Shanghai Grand Theatre, the Musical Hall and Shanghai Museum there. If you go to Pudong New District in the east of Shanghai, you will see the Nanpu Bridge. It’s 8,346 meters long. It’s one of the longest suspension bridges in the world. In Pudong, you will also see the famous Oriental Pearl TV Tower. 1．Shanghai is famous for its ________. A．night views B．shopping centers C．clean air D．Both A and B 2．Shanghai is ________ in the world. A．the largest city B．one of the largest cities C．the smallest city D．the most crowded 3．________ is known as “the center of Shanghai”. A．Pudong New District B．Shanghai Grand Theatre C．People’s Square D．The Oriental Pearl TV Tower 4．We can see ________ at People’s Square. A．a huge open area of green grass B．fountains C．pigeons D．All of the above 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺与天气 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆阿克苏·期末） To dye (染色) clothes by machines is very common now. But in ancient times, the whole process was completed by hands. This skill is called tie-dye (扎染). It is said that tie-dyed clothes appeared in the Qin Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, tie-dyed clothes became very popular and the most beautiful ones were sent to the emperors as gifts. Yang Cheng, a 52-year-old man, was well-known for his tie-dye skills. He started learning tie-dye in the 1980s. Later, he went to other countries to learn different ways of tie-dye, such as Japan, India and France. He has been studying tie-dye for 35 years and he wants more people to know it. At present, he teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100,000 people have learned from him. Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产). It has become very popular among people, even children can do it for fun. Liu Mei is a teacher at a kindergarten. She teaches kids to dye scarves. They tie a white scarf together at first, then they put the scarf into the dye. After they finish, there are some amazing pictures on it. Tie-dye is interesting and fun. Do you want to have a try? 1．Tie-dyed clothes appeared in the ________ Dynasty. A．Qin B．Song C．Tang D．Ming 2．Yang Cheng didn’t study tie-dye in ________. A．France B．India C．Japan D．America 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是) ________? A．The gift. B．The white scarf. C．The skill of tie-dye. D．The kindergarten. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Liu Mei works in a kindergarten. B．Yang Cheng learned tie-dye in the 1980s. C．Tie-dye is one of Chinese intangible cultural heritages. D．Tie-dyed clothes were sent to the emperors as gifts in the Ming Dynasty. 5．You may see this introduction of tie-dye from a(n) ________. A．cartoon B．sitcom C．documentary D．action movie Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第四中学·期末） 根据材料内容，在A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Have you ever seen snow? Many people in the world have not. Some countries never have snow, some have only a little on the tops of very high mountains. In the north of England, there is quite a lot of snow every winter, but in the south of England, there is usually little. When a student from a warm country comes to England in autumn for the first time, he feels cold at first. There are often dark clouds, grey sky and cold rain in England in autumn, and most students from warm countries do not like this. But snow is different. Though it is cold, it is also beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of light in his room. He thinks “Is it so late?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is not very late. He looks out of the window and there is the snow on the ground and on the houses and everywhere. The light of his room comes from clean, beautiful snow. 1．In which part of England is there much snow in winter? A．In the east. B．In the south. C．In the west. D．In the north. 2．In the autumn of England, we can NOT often see ______. A．strong winds B．dark clouds C．grey sky D．cold rain 3．The writer thinks that in England both snow and autumn rain are ________. A．beautiful B．clean C．cold D．heavy 4．Why does the student ask himself “Is it so late?” A．Because it’s really late. B．Because he has some work to do. C．Because it is bright in the room. D．Because he usually gets up early. 5．Which of the following statements (陈述) is right? A．Every country in the world has snow in winter. B．Many people in the world haven’t seen snow. C．It is often very warm in the autumn of England. D．Foreign students like the weather in England. 主题01 人与自我——未来与成长 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） When we think about 2050, it seems that it is far from now and it will be a totally different world. But in fact, it is just about 25 years from now and we can already know what will be possible to have by that time. Now, let’s have a look at some predictions about 2050 together. First, AI (人工智能) will bring more jobs in 2050. Many people worry about AI in our lives because they think robots will do all the jobs and we won’t have jobs. But according to (根据) a survey, AI will bring 2.3 million jobs and make only 1.8 million jobs disappear. Second, space travel will be possible in 2050. According to Business Insider, people can travel in space in 2050. But it will only be for wealthy people, because the travel to space will cost about 100 million dollars for just one week. Last, self-driving cars will make driving safer (更加安全的). Self-driving cars will make traffic-related (有关联的) deaths less possible and driving safer. And they can also bring changes (变化) in our lives, too. We will have more time for ourselves. Will all these come true? Perhaps the future is much nearer than we think. 1．What does the underlined word “wealthy” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rich. B．Healthy. C．Successful. D．Outgoing. 2．What will your life be like in 2050 if you have a self-driving car? A．You can drive it to space. B．You can travel anywhere you want. C．You will drive it faster than usual cars. D．You will have more free time. 3．What will happen in the future according to the passage? A．AI will surely make robots do all the jobs for humans. B．Life in 50 years will be the same. C．Space travel may come true in 2050. D．Self-driving cars will make driving less safe. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Life in the Past B．Predictions for the Future C．Robots in the Future D．Problems in the Future Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） Jim is a good student and he has lots of friends, but he also has a problem. Some older boys are bullying (欺负) him. Jim is very helpless and he doesn’t know what to do about it. Here is some advice for him and other teenagers in this situation. Bullying is not very common in schools. However, everyone should know something about how to deal with this problem. Being bullied can make you feel very upset and angry, but you are not alone. Don’t hide the problem. Find a person you can trust, such as a teacher or your parents, and tell him or her what you are suffering. After you talk to someone, you will get some support and feel better. Maybe you will be nervous to speak to an adult, but there are other things you can do. Some people express their feelings more easily on paper. Write a letter to someone or keep a diary, including all the details about what the bullies do, as well as when and where the bullying happened. You can show your letter or diary to responsible adults, and let them know what is going on. The bullies will feel very afraid if their names appear in a letter! Also, don’t show your fear and don’t try to fight with the bullies. You can get into trouble. Pay no attention to them and walk away, and the bullies will soon stop. 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 1．Jim’s problem is that some older boys are ________ him. A．helping B．bullying C．cheating D．supporting 2．Being bullied can make people feel ________. A．unhappy and lonely B．upset and lonely C．angry and lonely D．upset and angry 3．What can you do if you are bullied? A．Find someone you trust and tell him. B．Write a letter to someone. C．Keep a diary D．A、B and C． 4．What does the passage tell us? A．Some advice for solving the bullying. B．How to fight with others. C．We shouldn’t tell others about being bullied. D．How to fight with the bullies. 主题02 人与社会——公益与科技 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆吐鲁番市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Helping others is a great thing to do. You can learn new things and have fun. There are many ways of helping others. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?Charities (慈善机构) Charities are organizations that help others, for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund. You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.Volunteering Volunteering is when you give your time to help others. It’s something which you do not have to do or for which you will not be paid. Some ways of volunteering are: visiting old people to talk to them or help them walking dogs at an animal shelter (避难所), cleaning up a park.Fundraising Fundraising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fundraising are: making cakes or biscuits to sell, doing a sponsored (赞助) activity. For example, family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.Donating Donating is when you give your things or money to help others. Some ways of donating are: giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people, giving your old books to a library, giving your money to a charity. So, what can you do to help others? 1．What are the Charities? A．They visit old people. B．Cleaning up a park. C．They are organizations that help others. D．Giving your old books to a library. 2．How many ways of helping others are mentioned in the article? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．The underlined word “fundraising” means “________” in Chinese. A．募款活动 B．慰问活动 C．志愿活动 D．捐物活动 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Charities. B．Learning New Things. C．A Great Thing to Do. D．Ways of Helping Others. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆伊犁·期末） “Without music, life would be a mistake,‍” famous German philosopher (哲学家) Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets (预算). For example, Chicago Public Schools hurt arts education when it fired (解雇) over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That’s partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn’t tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial (有益的) in many ways. When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode (解码) them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time. Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano. 1．Why did some schools in the US cut music classes? A．Because students in the US weren’t interested in music B．Because they were too difficult to learn C．Because there weren’t enough music teachers in the US D．Because the schools wanted to control budgets. 2．In Paragraph 2, what does the underlined word “them” refer to(指代)? A．Public schools. B．Fired teachers. C．Parents in Chicago. D．Students in Chicago. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Different abilities are needed to work together while we are playing music. B．Playing the piano needs people to use fingers to make sounds. C．Decoding music notes is needed while we are playing music. D．Playing the piano needs people to see music notes. 4．What’s the writers opinion according to this passage? A．Music is as simple as it looks. B．Music classes should be cut in some schools. C．Music is a big part of our lives. D．Music isn’t a very important life skill for us. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县·期末） Bike-sharing is getting more and more popular in China. More and more people choose bike riding instead of driving. If you don’t have bikes, you can borrow bikes from some service companies and these bikes have GPS or Bluetooth on them. It is easy for us to borrow a bike from one place and give it back at another place easily by a smart phone. If you want to use such bikes, you should have a smart phone. First, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find the nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code (代码) on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection (无线连接). You will find the bike can be unlocked (开启) itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. Another important thing about it is that you can easily find a bike and never worry about where to park it. You should pay money according to the time you spend. For example, if you ride for one hour, maybe you need to pay one yuan. It isn’t too expensive, is it? At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. However, some people don’t value the bikes. Now the service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen (被偷). We have to say bike-sharing helps us a lot. It is a kind of green transport. People can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use. 1．From the first paragraph, we know ________. A．Bike-sharing is less popular in China now B．Some people are using sharing bikes in China C．Most people in cities don’t drive D．People can’t borrow shared bikes easily anywhere 2．The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A．浏览 B．扫描 C．审视 D．细查 3．If you want to use a shared bike, you must ________ first. A．have a smart phone and download an APP B．download an APP and pay for the trip C．unlock the bike and download an APP D．find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到) in this passage? A．Bike-sharing is cheap. B．Some people don’t value the bikes. C．Shared bikes are easy to unlock. D．Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport 5．The passage probably comes from a ________. A．science textbook B．doctor C．website news report D．restaurant menu Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·新疆农业大学附属中学·期末） 5G is coming. 5G is the 5th generation(代) network. It is a new network after 1 G, 2 G, 3 G and 4G. It can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data speed. One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient. 5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission(传输) to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve(达到) this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet and can order for food and drinks. 5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas.in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms. It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away. The facts listed above are only a part of what is 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore. Now let’s welcome the coming of 5G. 1．How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G? A．15 seconds. B．8 seconds. C．10 minutes. D．2 hours. 2．The underlined word “remotely” means “________“. A．快速地 B．高效地 C．远程地 D．科学地 3．5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT ________. A．self-driving cars B．“smart” airplanes C．online classes 3 D．hospitals without doctors 4．About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage? A．to be used freely B．super-fast data speed C．to connect everyone and everything together D．to make life more convenient than 4G 5．What is the title of the passage? A．How to use 5G. B．5G is not safe. C．5G can change our life in the future. D．5G can help poor students. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 To help people live healthier lives, China has started a special “Weight Management Year (体重管理年).” The government is opening more “weight-losing places” in hospitals. With the help of doctors, food experts, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in these places, people can lose weight safely. More than half of Chinese adults are now too heavy. If nothing changes, this number could go up to 70% by 2030. Being too heavy can cause health problems. To solve this, China began a three-year activity in 2024. There are more and more sports parks and walking roads in many cities. People are exercising outdoors more often. Eating habits are changing too. New eating guides suggest healthy choices like steamed fish with vegetables in central China, fresh seafood in the south, and salads for office workers. Even traditional moon cakes are now smaller and healthier. Doctors put old Chinese ways of cooking together with modern science. For example, Shaanxi noodles now have more vegetables and tofu (豆腐). Staying healthy is not just about weight—it’s about eating well, exercising, and feeling happy. With these steps, China hopes to build a healthier future for everyone. 1．Why did China start the “Weight Management Year”? A．To help people live healthier lives. B．To make people eat more snacks. C．To build more hospitals. D．To sell more traditional Chinese medicine. 2．What does “this number” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．The number of doctors. B．The number of Chinese adults who are too heavy. C．The number of health problems caused by being overweight. D．The number of food experts. 3．What do doctors do to help people stay healthy? A．They only use old Chinese ways of cooking. B．They put old Chinese ways of cooking together with modern science. C．They ask people to eat only salads. D．They tell people not to exercise. 4．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A fashion magazine. C．A math textbook. D．A newspaper about health. Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市·期末） My name is Emily Chiang. I work as a forensic linguist for the Birmingham Police Department. My teammates and I often describe our work as improving the delivery of justice (正义) through language. In other words, we help to catch bad guys by studying their language. Research on authorship is a key part of our work. We try to work out who might have written a certain piece of text. We look for different “markers”, such as strange spellings and repeatedly used phrases. For example, I might greet others by saying “hi”. But you might prefer to use “hello”. We once helped to catch a fraudster (诈骗犯) because he regularly used the unusual greeting “hiyas”. In the US, the first case solved by forensic linguists happened in 1927. A girl was kidnapped in New York. Her family, the McClure family, received a ransom note (勒索信) addressed to the girl’s uncle, Duncan McLure, the only member of the family to spell his name McLure. Police thought it strange that the kidnapper would know that the uncle spelled his name differently from the rest of the family. They thought he was in on the kidnapping. Sure enough, the uncle finally confessed. Of course, I think criminals (罪犯) will catch-up. Gloves can be worn to hide fingerprints. On the Internet, criminals can hide their faces, locations and voices. Similar efforts will be made online to cover up language “markers”. But over time, these efforts themselves will be based on certain systems. Discovering and studying such language systems is also part of our job. 1．Emily explains how forensic linguists work by ________. A．using timetables B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．stating reasons 2．What does the underlined word “confessed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．供认 B．悔改 C．逃脱 D．获释 3．Why does Emily mention the Internet? A．It helps catch more criminals. B．It shows new ways to study criminals. C．It brings new problems to forensic linguists. D．It provides more information for forensic linguists. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．“Punishing” the Bad Guys B．“Reading” the Language C．“Improving” the Justice D．“Discovering” the Certain System 主题03 人与社会——文化与礼仪 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·新疆喀什地区·期末） 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 ① Going to an art museum can be a fun activity. However, if you’re not sure what the art is about, it may seem boring. Here are many ways to understand different kinds of art. ② You don’t need to visit the most famous museum in your area. Instead, look at the websites of a few local (当地的) museums. Choose one you’re interested in. ③ If a piece of artwork catches your eyes, you may start by getting close to the artwork. Think about the story the artwork may be trying to tell. Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself. This way, you might see new details (细节) of it that you didn’t notice before. ④ If you want to find out more details of the artwork, a volunteer at the museum may be helpful to talk to you about it. You can also ask yourself what the work means to you. For example, maybe the colors remind you of a place that’s special to you. ⑤ After you leave the museum, consider which pieces of art stay in your mind and why. Talk to a friend who went with you, and ask them about their favorite pieces, too. The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really. 1．What’s the writer’s advice when choosing a museum? A．Ask your parents to help you decide. B．Visit the most famous museum nearby. C．Choose a museum that interests you. D．Go to the cheapest museum. 2．Why do you need a notebook and pencil in paragraph 3? A．To make a quick drawing by yourself. B．To draw a picture of yourself quickly. C．To write down the story of the artwork. D．To record your feelings. 3．Who can help you learn more details about an artwork? A．A friend who went to the museum with you. B．A volunteer at the museum. C．The artist of the artwork. D．A worker in the museum shop. 4．What may be the magic of art really in the last paragraph? A．The art pieces that stay in your mind for a long time. B．The way you understand an artist through their work. C．The story your favorite piece of art is trying to tell. D．The way you talk to your friends. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·新疆乌鲁木齐市第四中学·期末） 根据材料内容，在A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Going to a friend’s house is very exciting. You may spend time with a friend and get to see where he lives. So remember to be polite. When to arrive The first thing to remember is that when a friend invites you to his/her house, you need to arrive on time. If your friend tells you to come “around 3:00”, that means you can arrive a few minutes after 3:00, but it is also a good idea to arrive at the right time. What to bring Often it is also nice to bring something to your friend’s house. This could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together. You can also bring some flowers. A little gift is a nice way to show your friend that you are excited to be at his house. How to greet When you visit your friend’s house, you may also meet his parents. When I visited my friend Paul. I called his parents by their first names John and Mary. But now I know it is more polite to call them Mr. or Mrs. Smith. This will show them more respect. It is a cool thing to visit a friend’s house. Be polite to your friend’s parents, and you will be invited again! 1．The passage may be from ______. A．a picture on a wall B．a letter to a friend C．an article in a magazine D．a piece of news in a newspaper 2．If your friend asks you to get to your friend’s house around 5:00 p.m., it is polite to arrive at ______. A．5:30 p.m. B．5:02 p.m. C．4:50 p.m. D．4:30 p.m. 3．It’s not good to bring your friend ______ when you go to his/her house. A．a box of chocolates B．some flowers C．a movie D．some money 4．The underlined word respect in paragraph 4 means ______. A．重复 B．尊重 C．报道 D．机会 5．The passage mainly tells us ______. A．how to be a good visitor B．how to greet people C．what to bring to your friend D．when to arrive at your friend’s house / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $