专题03 不定式(培优讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

2026-06-01
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 动词不定式
使用场景 高考复习-一轮复习
学年 2027-2028
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.39 MB
发布时间 2026-06-01
更新时间 2026-06-18
作者 提分君英语工作坊
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-06-01
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58157251.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦不定式核心考点,涵盖作状语、定语、宾语、补语及固定搭配等高考高频考向,按“考情分析-基础梳理-重难突破-分层集训”逻辑架构,通过考点统计、知识导图、真题再现、分层练习等环节,帮助学生系统构建语法知识网络,突破句法功能理解与应用难点,提升语言能力。 资料特色在于结合高考命题规律,重难突破部分按高频到低频考点分类,如不定式作目的状语真题解析与预测题联动训练,培养思维品质;分层集训设基础演练与能力进阶,适配不同学生需求,提升学习能力。精准对接考情的设计助力学生高效掌握考点,为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

内容正文:

专题03 不定式(培优讲义) 内容导航 夯实基础·突破重难·分层提能 考情・分析解读(考题统计 考情解读 备考策略 命题预测) 基础・知识梳理(知识导图 核心梳理) 重难・核心突破(真题再现 解题技巧 考法预测) 重难01 不定式作状语(目的、结果、原因) 重难02 不定式作定语 重难03 不定式作宾语 重难04 不定式作补语 重难05 不定式固定搭配/特定结构 拔高・分层集训(基础演练 能力进阶) 考情·分析解读 考题统计 核心考点 题型 不定式 语法填空 年份 试卷类型 考点 考向 2026 2026·全国I卷 to be held 作真正主语 2026·全国II卷 to meet 作真正主语 2026·浙江1月 to finish 作宾语补足语 2025 2025·全国I卷 to present 作宾语 2025·全国II卷 to discover 作定语 2025·浙江1月 to rent 作定语 2024 2024·新课标I卷 to give 作宾语补足语 2024·新课标II卷 to find 作原因状语 2024·全国甲卷 to catch 作宾语 2024·年北京卷 to rest 固定搭配 2024·年浙江1月 to benefit 作目的状语 2023 2023·新课标I卷 to bite 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语 2023·全国甲卷 to teach 作目的状语 2023·年北京卷 to address 作目的状语 2022 2022·新课标I卷 to increase 作目的状语 2022·新课标II卷 to see 作目的状语 2022·全国乙卷 to strengthen 作目的状语 2022·全国甲卷 to journey 作定语 2022·年北京卷 to harm 作定语 2022·年浙江1月 to continue 作宾语 考情解读 命题规律: 近5年新高考卷对于不定式的考查基本在名词上共计21次,主要考查: 1.不定式作的句法功能(目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语); 2.不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型; 3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。 备考策略 1. 系统归类不定式的用法; 2. 熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法,尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。 命题预测 2027年语法填空对不定式仍然会成为的重点和难点,但又稳中求变,也经常涉及不定式的其他句法功能。同时,考查对长难句中涉及多动词的句式呈增多趋势,结合谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致进行综合设题,难度较大。 基础・知识梳理 知识导图 核心梳理 知识1 不定式的形式和意义 种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义 不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来 进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前 1. 动词不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。不定式的否定形式在-to前面加not. 例1. He wants to see you again. 他想要再见到你。 例2. I often see John dance in the next room. 我经常看到约翰在隔壁跳舞。 2. 动词不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示的动作一般与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 例1. He seems to be reading books.他似乎正在看书。 例2. Don’t pretend to be working hard. Just do what you should. 不要假装努力工作。做你应该做的事情。 3. 动词不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 例1. She seems to have known everything.她似乎好像已经知道了所有的事情。 例2. She is well known to have been to many countries, lecturing about animal protection. 大家都知道她去了很多国家做过保护动物的讲座。 4. 动词不定式的被动式 不定式被动用法 示例 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。 A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year. 每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。 不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。 The topic to be discussed tomorrow is about climate change 明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。 不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 The novel is said to have been translated into several languages. 这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。 知识2 不定式的句法功能 功能 形式 状语 宾语 表语 定语 主语 补语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 1. 动词不定式作状语 1)作目的状语 不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号,强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to/so as to+动词原形,但so as to不用于句首。 To make friend s easily, you need to be very kind. 要想很容易地交朋友,你需要友善。 易错提醒 1. 不定式作目的状语,多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do结构。注意逻辑主语一致性,位于句末前边不能有逗号。so as to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。 2. 不定式作结果状语,多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。 3. 不定式作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,good,important,impossible,surprised,astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。 2)作结果状语 a.不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式,为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站,却发现火车已经开走了。 b.不定式作结果状语还常用于so ... as to ..., such ... as to ..., enough to ..., too ... to ...等结构中。 She was so late as to miss half of the lecture. 她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师,以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 The house is large enough to hold two hundred people. 这座房子足够大,可以容纳两百人。 3)作原因状语 不定式与情感类形容词连用时,大多表示原因,用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有:hard, difficult, easy, light, heavy, nice, good, clear, dangerous, pleasant, interesting, fit, bitter, exciting, comfortable, convenient, amusing, impossible等。在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。不定式中的动词必须是及物动词,若为不及物动词,则要在其后加上适当的介词,使之构成及物动词短语。 例1. She was sorry to have kept us waiting so long.她很抱歉让我们等了这么久。 例2. This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难懂。 例3. Chongqing is hard/difficult/easy to find on this map.重庆在这张地图上很难/很难/容易找到。 例4. The picture is pleasant to look at.这张画很好看。 例5.This building is dangerous/pleasant/comfortable to live in.这栋建筑住起来很危险,很舒适。 易错提醒 动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable等后面作状语,构成“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中,不定式中的动词必须是及物动词,若为不及物动词,则要在其后加上适当的介词,使之构成及物动词短语。 This book is difficult to understand. 这本书很难懂。 The picture is pleasant to look at. 这张画很好看。 4)作评论性状语(作独立成分) 下列结构常用作独立成分: to tell the truth说实话; to be honest诚实地说; to put it briefly前言之; to be frank坦白地说; to begin/start with首先; to make things/matters worse更糟糕的是; to put it in a nutshell简而言之 2.作宾语 口诀 动词 希望学会想决心 hope/wish/expect, learn, want, tend, decide/determine 设法拒绝愿假装 manage, refuse, care, pretend 主动承诺选计划 offer, promise, choose, plan 请求同意来帮忙 ask/beg, agree , help 例1. While much attention is paid to the outside of a bag-its design, brand and, unavoidably, its price tag, most people tends to ignore the rich and complex internal life hidden in it.The climbers attempted to reach the summit before sunset. 虽然人们关注的焦点是登山包的外观——它的设计、品牌,以及不可避免的价格标签,但大多数人往往忽视了它所隐藏的丰富而复杂的内部生活。登山者试图在日落前到达顶峰。 例2.The ox was originally first, but he was so kind that he agreed to carry the little rat across the river. 牛是第一个来的,但他很善良,同意载着小老鼠过河。 易错提醒:下列动词后跟不定式和ing形式作宾语含义不同。 forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做) 例1. I forgot to buy bread on my way home. 我回家路上忘了买面包。 forget doing 忘记已经做过某事(已做) 例2. I forget locking the door. 我不记得锁没锁门了。 remember to do 记得将要做某事(未做) 例1. Please remember to turn off the lights before leaving. 离开前记得关灯。 remember doing 记得已经做过某事(已做)例2.I remember locking the door yesterday.我记得昨天锁过门。 regret to do 遗憾去做某事(未做) 例1. We regret to announce the cancellation of the flight. 我们遗憾地宣布航班取消。 regret doing 后悔做过某事(已做) 例2.I regret telling him the secret.我后悔告诉了他秘密。 go on to do 继续做另一件事 (对象变了)例1.He finished his homework and ‌went on to play‌ basketball. 他做完作业后去打篮球。 go on doing继续做正在做的事(对象不变)例2.The rain stopped but he went on reading. 雨停后他仍持续阅读。 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)例1.We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。 stop doing 停止做某事 (对象不变) 例2. Please stop talking. 请停止说话。 can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事 例1. I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy. 抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间,我太忙了。 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 例2.She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息,她情不自禁地哭了。 mean to do 打算做某事(未做) 例1.I mean to finish the project today. 我打算今天完成项目。 mean doing 意味着做某事 (解释作用) 例2.Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。 try to do努力做某事(不一定成功)例1.I tried to call you but the line was busy.我想给你打电话,但占线了。 try doing 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)例2.Try adding salt to enhance the flavor.试着加盐来增加风味。 3. 作定语 不定式作定语用法 示例 不定式作定语常放在所修饰词后表将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰词之间多是动宾关系。 例1. His first book to be published is based on a true story. 他要出版的第一本书以一个真实的故事为依据写的。 例2. Today I have nothing/something to say at the conference. 今天我在会议上没有什么可说的。 序数词,形容词最高级,the last, the only等后或被这些词修饰的词后,常用不定式作定语。 例1. The last thing to do before leaving is to turn off the lights. 离开前最后一件要做的事是关灯。 例2.The best time to visit the city is in spring.游览这座城市的最佳时间是春天。 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰,如:chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等。 例1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达一个想法的能力和想法本身一样重要。 例2. His plan to start a business requires careful preparation. 他创业的计划需要周密的准备。 不定式作定语,不省略介词 例1. I have no pen to write with.我没有写字用的钢笔。 例2. You should find a bright house to live in.你应该找一所明亮的房子来住。 例3. He is a good person to work with.他是个值得共事的好人 不定式作定语时间关系与主被动关系的区别: 例1. I will attend the meeting to be held next Tuesday. (表将来, 被动) 例2. I attended the meeting held last Friday. (表过去, 完成, 被动) 例3. I will attend the meeting being held at the hall now. (表进行,被动) 5.作主语 不定式作主语用法 示例 不定式作主语,表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。动词不定式作主语时,谓语用单数形式。 例1.To learn English well is important. 学好英语很重要。 例2.To finish the task on time requires careful planning. 按时完成任务需要周密计划。 “疑问词(what, how…)+不定式” 结构可作主语,相当于一个省略的主语从句。 例1. How to solve the problem is unknown. 如何解决这个问题不清楚。 例2.When to start the meeting has not been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。 为避免句子头重脚轻,不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,将不定式置于句末。即:“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 例1.It is necessary to exercise regularly. 定期锻炼是必要的。 例2.It took me three hours to get to Beijing by plane. 乘飞机到北京花了我三个小时。 当形容词描述人的品质(kind, clever, foolish 等)时,用 of;当句中形容词描述动作特征时用for。 例1.It is important for us to protect the environment. 对我们而言,保护环境很重要。 例2.It was foolish of him to make such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误,太愚蠢了。 6. 作表语 不定式作表语用法 示例 不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语通常是job, task, wish, hope, duty, work, thing, goal, aim, problem, question, happiness, what, advice, idea等可表示抽象含义的词。 例1.The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new policy. 这次会议的目的是讨论新政策。 例2.The plan appears to be practical. 这个计划似乎是可行的。 表示一般概念时,不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。 例1. What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 例2. My wish is to become a good teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 例3. What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 主语部分含义实义动词do的形式时,作表语的不定式可省to。 例1. The only thing that he can do now is (to) abandon the plan. 现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。 例2. All you need to do now is complete the form.你现在要做的是把这张表填好。What they did last night was (to) watch a movie. 他们昨晚做的就是看电影。 知识3 不定式的特殊用法 1.动词不定式的省略用法 1)感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to(注意被动语态中to应加上); 2)在介词but, except表示“除了......”之意的单词前,若有实义动词do, 作宾语的不定式则省略to;若无do, 则to不能省略。 3)两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时,后面的to可以省略;如果两个或多个不定式短语表示对比关系时,则保留to。 4)下列句型常省略to: 1 / 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事 do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事 Why not do sth? 何不做某事? prefer to do…rather than do sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做…… would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 例1. I watched the girl enter the hall.我看着那个小女孩走进了大厅。 例2. The girl was watched to enter the hall.有人监视着那个女孩进入大厅。 例3. He refuses to spend time with us or do as we tell him.(并列关系,do前省略了to) 他拒绝花时间和我们在一起,也拒绝照我们说的做。 例4. They came not to save us, but to conquer us.(对比关系,不能省to) 他们不是来救我们的,而是来征服我们的。 2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义 不定式主动形式表被动含义 示例 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时 例.That flying bird is impossible to catch. 那只会飞的鸟是不可能被抓住的。 在“be+性质形容词+不定式”中,如easy,hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant, comfortable,dangerous,impossible等。 例1. He is not easy to get along with. 他不易相处。 例2. The book is very interesting to read.这本书读一读是很有趣的。 不定式与疑问代词连用时。 例.I don't know which to choose because there isn’t any difference between the two.两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。 某些动词不定式与be连用时,如to blame(责备),to seek(寻找),to let(出租)等。 例1. He is to blame for this.他因这件事该受责备。 例2. The answer is not hard to seek.答案不难寻找。 重难・核心突破 重难01 不定式作状语(目的、结果、原因)【高频考点】 【真题再现】 1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___visibility___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 2.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 3.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ______ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom 4.【2023年北京卷】She called for action _______(address)the struggles of people around the world ____facing____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 5.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【考法预测】 1.(2026·河南省开封高级中学高三诊断(一)) Building on the initial post, international TikTok users have increasingly posted their own videos, showcasing their “Chinese-style” lives, such as drinking (drink) warm water instead of iced beverages, practicing Baduanjin, preparing basic Chinese dishes (dish), as well as reshaping diet, sleep, and work routines (achieve) a more balanced daily rhythm. 2.(2026·江苏省泰州市兴化市六校联考高三上学期期中)They used some styles from Western theatre ______ (help)​English-speaking audiences understand and enjoy ______​ Chinese classic. 3.(2026·广东省深圳市中荟高级中学高三上学期11月期中)Alfredo and three other young Peruvians... came to China in late October ______ (improve)​ their lion dance skills further. 重难02 不定式作定语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1.(2025年全国二卷) Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ______ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. ... 2.(2025年1月浙江卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ... 3.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 4.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 【考法预测】 1.(2026·湖南部分学校高三下学期一模)“As someone from a Chinese ethnic minority, I find craft is a very good medium (share) culture,” she explains. “For me, culture is invisible;you can’t touch culture, but you can touch fabric.” 2.(2026·河北省名校协作体高三上学期12月期中)China is recognized as the first country in the world ______ (raise)​ silkworms(蚕). 重难03 不定式作宾语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1.(2025年全国一卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope _______ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 2.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ______(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety. 3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether _______ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____or____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 4.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 【考法预测】 1.【2026·湖南长沙市开福区长沙市第一中学高三英语月考(7)】 The good news is that there is evidence we can learn 18 (change) our own story. 2.【2026·全国高三二轮复习】“One thing I want     1     (explore) is how the younger generation at the Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre interpret Du from a contemporary perspective and how they understand the past,” Chang says 重难04 不定式作补语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1. 【2026浙江1月卷】There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉)______ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 2.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____their42____ (they) contents. 【考法预测】 1.(2026·河北省高三上学期12月期中)This program was launched to invite participants ______ (explore)​ the essence of beauty and Eastern philosophical outlooks shown in art. 2.(2026·广东深圳市罗湖区第一学期期末质量检测高三)In many areas, high stone walls make it almost impossible for animals _______ (escape) once they fall in. 重难05 不定式作主语【低频考点】 1. 【2026年全国一卷】It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 2.【2026年全国二卷】It’s time for my dan tian ____65____ (meet) another life force: coffee. 重难06 不定式固定搭配/特定结构【低频考点】 【真题再现】 【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of __self-awareness__ (self-aware). 【考法预测】 1.(2026·福建省福州市八县(市)协作校高三上学期期中联考)In large scenes or landscapes, your eyes are meant ______ (travel)​ along a visual path from one area to another. 2.(2026·安徽宣城市第一学期期末调研测试高三)In conclusion, as an international chef once exclaimed, “Huicai manages _______ (balance) the boldness of flavors with the amazing cooking techniques.” 拔高・分层集训 基础演练 1.(2026·福建省山海联盟校教学协作体高三上学期期中)It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required ______ (process) it. 2.(2026·辽宁省阜新市重点高中高三上学期期中考试)These lanterns in the shape of lotus flowers are set to flow in rivers ______ (honor) the spirits and guide them in the afterlife. 3.(2026·四川成都市彭州市彭州中学高三上学期期末)The journey began with machines like the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), built in 1945. ENIAC was a monster: it weighed 30 tons, occupied 1,800 square feet, and contained nearly 18,000 vacuum tubes. _______ (process) a single calculation, it often required hours of setup time by a team of operators. 4.(2026·安徽六安市上学期高三期末学业水平检测)Currently, a special exhibition takes place at the National Art Museum of China _______ (celebrate) Sze Chi-ching’s upcoming 90th birthday and his devotions to Chinese calligraphy, offering visitors a profound insight into his mastery of this ancient art form. 5.(2026·湖南长沙市第一中学高三上学期期末)Young people are also showing increasing interest in this craft, learning and inheriting it _______ (keep) the ancient art alive in modern times. 6.(2026·山东菏泽市山东省菏泽市大联考高三上学期2月期末)What truly inspires me is how both the government and locals are working _______ (protect) their traditions. 7.(2026·福建泉州市晋江市第一中学上学期秋季高三年第二阶段考试)The idea inspired him _______ (explore) boldly and persevere through challenges. 8.(2026·河南中原名校联盟高三年级2月期末检测)Chinese web novels not only bring spiritual enjoyment to overseas readers, but also open a window for them _______ (discover) and understand China. 9.(2026·河北衡水中学度高三上学期期末综合素质评价)For this opportunity _______ (engage) in such meaningful exchange. I am extremely grateful. 10.(2026·河北承德市高三上学期期末) These young plant lovers, many of whom have no formal training, are employing the Internet (learn) everything from propagation techniques to dealing with plant diseases. 能力进阶 1.(2026·太原市高三下学期一模) Shortly (short) afterwards, Sam, her AI elderly care robot, was born, and it didn’t take long for the world (take) notice: 2.(2026·安徽铜陵市高三下学期一模)Many people have jumped (defend) the Australian’s performances as unique and creative, despite not necessarily being rewarded by the judges. 3.(2026·河北部分高中高三下学期一模)“It has the power (shape) human behavior and create atmospheres,bringing out sympathy and mercy, and offering a sense of poetry, harmony (harmonious), and shared community.” 4.(2026·黑龙江双鸭山市第一中学高三下学期一模)EV owners simply need to scan a QR code in the underground parking lots of malls or office buildings (call) a purple and yellow four-wheel robot, enabling the innovative “station-to-vehicle” charging model. 5.(2026·南京盐城市高三下学期一模)With plans (introduce) the Azheke model in more remote regions in the near future, a new path is being paved for sustainable rural revitalization nationwide. 6.(2026·陕西商洛高三下学期一模)Only about $6 million are used (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old. 7.(2026·浙江高三下学期一模) Now, there’s a growing desire (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. 8.(2026·广东汕头市澄海区高三下学期一模)“I can finish a report and still have time 40 (call) my mom before arriving.” He explained that this efficiency allows him 41 (balance) work and family life. 9.(2026·河北张家口市高三下学期一模)Stretching 7.8 kilometers from south to north, the Beijing Central Axis was built based on ancient architectural philosophies (create) an ideal capital layout. 10.(2026·辽西重点高中高三下学期一模)Each movement had to be precise to within 0.01 seconds 63 (match) the music and the human partners, which was previously (previous) thought impossible. 1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题03 不定式(培优讲义) 内容导航 夯实基础·突破重难·分层提能 考情・分析解读(考题统计 考情解读 备考策略 命题预测) 基础・知识梳理(知识导图 核心梳理) 重难・核心突破(真题再现 解题技巧 考法预测) 重难01 不定式作状语(目的、结果、原因) 重难02 不定式作定语 重难03 不定式作宾语 重难04 不定式作补语 重难05 不定式固定搭配/特定结构 拔高・分层集训(基础演练 能力进阶) 考情·分析解读 考题统计 核心考点 题型 不定式 语法填空 年份 试卷类型 考点 考向 2026 2026·全国I卷 to be held 作真正主语 2026·全国II卷 to meet 作真正主语 2026·浙江1月 to finish 作宾语补足语 2025 2025·全国I卷 to present 作宾语 2025·全国II卷 to discover 作定语 2025·浙江1月 to rent 作定语 2024 2024·新课标I卷 to give 作宾语补足语 2024·新课标II卷 to find 作原因状语 2024·全国甲卷 to catch 作宾语 2024·年北京卷 to rest 固定搭配 2024·年浙江1月 to benefit 作目的状语 2023 2023·新课标I卷 to bite 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语 2023·全国甲卷 to teach 作目的状语 2023·年北京卷 to address 作目的状语 2022 2022·新课标I卷 to increase 作目的状语 2022·新课标II卷 to see 作目的状语 2022·全国乙卷 to strengthen 作目的状语 2022·全国甲卷 to journey 作定语 2022·年北京卷 to harm 作定语 2022·年浙江1月 to continue 作宾语 考情解读 命题规律: 近5年新高考卷对于不定式的考查基本在名词上共计21次,主要考查: 1.不定式作的句法功能(目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语); 2.不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型; 3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。 备考策略 1. 系统归类不定式的用法; 2. 熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法,尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。 命题预测 2027年语法填空对不定式仍然会成为的重点和难点,但又稳中求变,也经常涉及不定式的其他句法功能。同时,考查对长难句中涉及多动词的句式呈增多趋势,结合谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致进行综合设题,难度较大。 基础・知识梳理 知识导图 核心梳理 知识1 不定式的形式和意义 种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义 不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来 进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前 1. 动词不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。不定式的否定形式在-to前面加not. 例1. He wants to see you again. 他想要再见到你。 例2. I often see John dance in the next room. 我经常看到约翰在隔壁跳舞。 2. 动词不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示的动作一般与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 例1. He seems to be reading books.他似乎正在看书。 例2. Don’t pretend to be working hard. Just do what you should. 不要假装努力工作。做你应该做的事情。 3. 动词不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 例1. She seems to have known everything.她似乎好像已经知道了所有的事情。 例2. She is well known to have been to many countries, lecturing about animal protection. 大家都知道她去了很多国家做过保护动物的讲座。 4. 动词不定式的被动式 不定式被动用法 示例 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。 A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year. 每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。 不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。 The topic to be discussed tomorrow is about climate change 明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。 不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 The novel is said to have been translated into several languages. 这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。 知识2 不定式的句法功能 功能 形式 状语 宾语 表语 定语 主语 补语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 1. 动词不定式作状语 1)作目的状语 不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号,强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to/so as to+动词原形,但so as to不用于句首。 To make friend s easily, you need to be very kind. 要想很容易地交朋友,你需要友善。 易错提醒 1. 不定式作目的状语,多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do结构。注意逻辑主语一致性,位于句末前边不能有逗号。so as to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。 2. 不定式作结果状语,多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。 3. 不定式作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,good,important,impossible,surprised,astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。 2)作结果状语 a.不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式,为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站,却发现火车已经开走了。 b.不定式作结果状语还常用于so ... as to ..., such ... as to ..., enough to ..., too ... to ...等结构中。 She was so late as to miss half of the lecture. 她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师,以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 The house is large enough to hold two hundred people. 这座房子足够大,可以容纳两百人。 3)作原因状语 不定式与情感类形容词连用时,大多表示原因,用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有:hard, difficult, easy, light, heavy, nice, good, clear, dangerous, pleasant, interesting, fit, bitter, exciting, comfortable, convenient, amusing, impossible等。在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。不定式中的动词必须是及物动词,若为不及物动词,则要在其后加上适当的介词,使之构成及物动词短语。 例1. She was sorry to have kept us waiting so long.她很抱歉让我们等了这么久。 例2. This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难懂。 例3. Chongqing is hard/difficult/easy to find on this map.重庆在这张地图上很难/很难/容易找到。 例4. The picture is pleasant to look at.这张画很好看。 例5.This building is dangerous/pleasant/comfortable to live in.这栋建筑住起来很危险,很舒适。 易错提醒 动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable等后面作状语,构成“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中,不定式中的动词必须是及物动词,若为不及物动词,则要在其后加上适当的介词,使之构成及物动词短语。 This book is difficult to understand. 这本书很难懂。 The picture is pleasant to look at. 这张画很好看。 4)作评论性状语(作独立成分) 下列结构常用作独立成分: to tell the truth说实话; to be honest诚实地说; to put it briefly前言之; to be frank坦白地说; to begin/start with首先; to make things/matters worse更糟糕的是; to put it in a nutshell简而言之 2.作宾语 口诀 动词 希望学会想决心 hope/wish/expect, learn, want, tend, decide/determine 设法拒绝愿假装 manage, refuse, care, pretend 主动承诺选计划 offer, promise, choose, plan 请求同意来帮忙 ask/beg, agree , help 例1. While much attention is paid to the outside of a bag-its design, brand and, unavoidably, its price tag, most people tends to ignore the rich and complex internal life hidden in it.The climbers attempted to reach the summit before sunset. 虽然人们关注的焦点是登山包的外观——它的设计、品牌,以及不可避免的价格标签,但大多数人往往忽视了它所隐藏的丰富而复杂的内部生活。登山者试图在日落前到达顶峰。 例2.The ox was originally first, but he was so kind that he agreed to carry the little rat across the river. 牛是第一个来的,但他很善良,同意载着小老鼠过河。 易错提醒:下列动词后跟不定式和ing形式作宾语含义不同。 forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做) 例1. I forgot to buy bread on my way home. 我回家路上忘了买面包。 forget doing 忘记已经做过某事(已做) 例2. I forget locking the door. 我不记得锁没锁门了。 remember to do 记得将要做某事(未做) 例1. Please remember to turn off the lights before leaving. 离开前记得关灯。 remember doing 记得已经做过某事(已做)例2.I remember locking the door yesterday.我记得昨天锁过门。 regret to do 遗憾去做某事(未做) 例1. We regret to announce the cancellation of the flight. 我们遗憾地宣布航班取消。 regret doing 后悔做过某事(已做) 例2.I regret telling him the secret.我后悔告诉了他秘密。 go on to do 继续做另一件事 (对象变了)例1.He finished his homework and ‌went on to play‌ basketball. 他做完作业后去打篮球。 go on doing继续做正在做的事(对象不变)例2.The rain stopped but he went on reading. 雨停后他仍持续阅读。 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)例1.We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。 stop doing 停止做某事 (对象不变) 例2. Please stop talking. 请停止说话。 can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事 例1. I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy. 抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间,我太忙了。 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 例2.She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息,她情不自禁地哭了。 mean to do 打算做某事(未做) 例1.I mean to finish the project today. 我打算今天完成项目。 mean doing 意味着做某事 (解释作用) 例2.Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。 try to do努力做某事(不一定成功)例1.I tried to call you but the line was busy.我想给你打电话,但占线了。 try doing 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)例2.Try adding salt to enhance the flavor.试着加盐来增加风味。 3. 作定语 不定式作定语用法 示例 不定式作定语常放在所修饰词后表将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰词之间多是动宾关系。 例1. His first book to be published is based on a true story. 他要出版的第一本书以一个真实的故事为依据写的。 例2. Today I have nothing/something to say at the conference. 今天我在会议上没有什么可说的。 序数词,形容词最高级,the last, the only等后或被这些词修饰的词后,常用不定式作定语。 例1. The last thing to do before leaving is to turn off the lights. 离开前最后一件要做的事是关灯。 例2.The best time to visit the city is in spring.游览这座城市的最佳时间是春天。 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰,如:chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等。 例1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达一个想法的能力和想法本身一样重要。 例2. His plan to start a business requires careful preparation. 他创业的计划需要周密的准备。 不定式作定语,不省略介词 例1. I have no pen to write with.我没有写字用的钢笔。 例2. You should find a bright house to live in.你应该找一所明亮的房子来住。 例3. He is a good person to work with.他是个值得共事的好人 不定式作定语时间关系与主被动关系的区别: 例1. I will attend the meeting to be held next Tuesday. (表将来, 被动) 例2. I attended the meeting held last Friday. (表过去, 完成, 被动) 例3. I will attend the meeting being held at the hall now. (表进行,被动) 5.作主语 不定式作主语用法 示例 不定式作主语,表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。动词不定式作主语时,谓语用单数形式。 例1.To learn English well is important. 学好英语很重要。 例2.To finish the task on time requires careful planning. 按时完成任务需要周密计划。 “疑问词(what, how…)+不定式” 结构可作主语,相当于一个省略的主语从句。 例1. How to solve the problem is unknown. 如何解决这个问题不清楚。 例2.When to start the meeting has not been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。 为避免句子头重脚轻,不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,将不定式置于句末。即:“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 例1.It is necessary to exercise regularly. 定期锻炼是必要的。 例2.It took me three hours to get to Beijing by plane. 乘飞机到北京花了我三个小时。 当形容词描述人的品质(kind, clever, foolish 等)时,用 of;当句中形容词描述动作特征时用for。 例1.It is important for us to protect the environment. 对我们而言,保护环境很重要。 例2.It was foolish of him to make such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误,太愚蠢了。 6. 作表语 不定式作表语用法 示例 不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语通常是job, task, wish, hope, duty, work, thing, goal, aim, problem, question, happiness, what, advice, idea等可表示抽象含义的词。 例1.The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new policy. 这次会议的目的是讨论新政策。 例2.The plan appears to be practical. 这个计划似乎是可行的。 表示一般概念时,不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。 例1. What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 例2. My wish is to become a good teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 例3. What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 主语部分含义实义动词do的形式时,作表语的不定式可省to。 例1. The only thing that he can do now is (to) abandon the plan. 现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。 例2. All you need to do now is complete the form.你现在要做的是把这张表填好。What they did last night was (to) watch a movie. 他们昨晚做的就是看电影。 知识3 不定式的特殊用法 1.动词不定式的省略用法 1)感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to(注意被动语态中to应加上); 2)在介词but, except表示“除了......”之意的单词前,若有实义动词do, 作宾语的不定式则省略to;若无do, 则to不能省略。 3)两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时,后面的to可以省略;如果两个或多个不定式短语表示对比关系时,则保留to。 4)下列句型常省略to: 1 / 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事 do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事 Why not do sth? 何不做某事? prefer to do…rather than do sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做…… would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 例1. I watched the girl enter the hall.我看着那个小女孩走进了大厅。 例2. The girl was watched to enter the hall.有人监视着那个女孩进入大厅。 例3. He refuses to spend time with us or do as we tell him.(并列关系,do前省略了to) 他拒绝花时间和我们在一起,也拒绝照我们说的做。 例4. They came not to save us, but to conquer us.(对比关系,不能省to) 他们不是来救我们的,而是来征服我们的。 2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义 不定式主动形式表被动含义 示例 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时 例.That flying bird is impossible to catch. 那只会飞的鸟是不可能被抓住的。 在“be+性质形容词+不定式”中,如easy,hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant, comfortable,dangerous,impossible等。 例1. He is not easy to get along with. 他不易相处。 例2. The book is very interesting to read.这本书读一读是很有趣的。 不定式与疑问代词连用时。 例.I don't know which to choose because there isn’t any difference between the two.两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。 某些动词不定式与be连用时,如to blame(责备),to seek(寻找),to let(出租)等。 例1. He is to blame for this.他因这件事该受责备。 例2. The answer is not hard to seek.答案不难寻找。 重难・核心突破 重难01 不定式作状语(目的、结果、原因)【高频考点】 【真题再现】 1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___visibility___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ______ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 2.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 【答案】to benefit 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:然而,如果你是想买一件,那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知,此处是指多买一件来享受降价,所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 3.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ______ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom 【答案】to teach 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 4.【2023年北京卷】She called for action _______(address)the struggles of people around the world ____facing____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】to address 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她呼吁采取行动,解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语,故用不定式。故填to address。 5.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 答案:to increase 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 【考法预测】 1.(2026·河南省开封高级中学高三诊断(一)) Building on the initial post, international TikTok users have increasingly posted their own videos, showcasing their “Chinese-style” lives, such as drinking (drink) warm water instead of iced beverages, practicing Baduanjin, preparing basic Chinese dishes (dish), as well as reshaping diet, sleep, and work routines (achieve) a more balanced daily rhythm. 【答案】to achieve 考查非谓语动词。句意:在最初的帖子基础上,国际抖音用户越来越多地发布自己的视频,展示他们的“中式”生活,比如喝温水而不是冰饮料,练习八段锦,准备基本的中国菜肴,以及重塑饮食、睡眠和工作习惯,以实现更平衡的日常节奏。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式to achieve,作目的状语。 2.(2026·江苏省泰州市兴化市六校联考高三上学期期中)They used some styles from Western theatre ______ (help)​English-speaking audiences understand and enjoy ______​ Chinese classic. 【答案】 to help 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们融入了一些西方戏剧风格,以帮助英语国家观众理解并欣赏这部中国经典。此处应用不定式作目的状语,说明“融入西方戏剧风格”的目的是“帮助观众理解”,故填to help。 3.(2026·广东省深圳市中荟高级中学高三上学期11月期中)Alfredo and three other young Peruvians... came to China in late October ______ (improve)​ their lion dance skills further. 【答案】 to improve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:阿尔弗雷多和另外三名秘鲁年轻人于10月底来到中国,旨在进一步提升自己的舞狮技艺。句子谓语为came,空处为非谓语动词作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式。故填to improve。 重难02 不定式作定语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1.(2025年全国二卷) Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ______ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. ... 【答案】 to discover 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used,此处应用非谓语动词, chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式,作定语。故填to discover。 2.(2025年1月浙江卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright providing a less expensive ____solution____ (solve) to one-time event dressing. ... 【答案】60. to rent 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作定语。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women ________ (rent)”作后置定语,修饰名词词组fashion clothes,意为“女性租赁的衣服”,用不定式to rent作后置定语,主动表被动。故填to rent。 3.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 答案:to journey 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。 4.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结构,可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式,have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”,固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 【考法预测】 1.(2026·湖南部分学校高三下学期一模)“As someone from a Chinese ethnic minority, I find craft is a very good medium (share) culture,” she explains. “For me, culture is invisible;you can’t touch culture, but you can touch fabric.” 【答案】to share 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:“作为一名来自中国少数民族的成员,我认为手工艺是一种非常好的传播文化的方式。”她解释道。名词medium后跟动词share“分享”的不定式形式作后置定语。 2.(2026·河北省名校协作体高三上学期12月期中)China is recognized as the first country in the world ______ (raise)​ silkworms(蚕). 【答案】 to raise 【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意:中国被认为是世界上最早养蚕的国家。country前有序数词the first,空格处用不定式作后置定语。故填to raise。 重难03 不定式作宾语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1.【2025年全国一卷】“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope _______ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” 【答案】 to present 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作宾语。句意:我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope,此处为非谓语动词,hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式,作宾语。故填to present。 2.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ______(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety. 【答案】to catch 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园,但特别是国家公园,由于其规模大、种类多,往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配:tend to do sth.,表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故填to catch。 3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether _______ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____or____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 【答案】to bite 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。 4.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 答案:to continue 解析:考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划做”,故填to continue。 【考法预测】 1.【2026·湖南长沙市开福区长沙市第一中学高三英语月考(7)】 The good news is that there is evidence we can learn 18 (change) our own story. 【答案】to change 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:好消息是,有证据表明我们能够学会如何改变自己的人生故事。learn to do意为“学会做某事”,此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to change。 2.【2026·全国高三二轮复习】“One thing I want     1     (explore) is how the younger generation at the Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre interpret Du from a contemporary perspective and how they understand the past,” Chang says 【答案】to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:常说:"我想要探索的一件事是北方昆曲剧院的年轻一代如何从当代视角解读杜丽娘,以及他们如何理解过去。"want todo sth."的固定搭配,意为"想要做某事”,用不定式短语作宾语。故填to explore。 重难04 不定式作补语【中频考点】 【真题再现】 1. 【2026浙江1月卷】There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉)______ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 【答案】to finish 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成的过程中找到乐趣,但我妈妈却做到了。此处考查“wait for + 宾语 + to do sth”的固定搭配,意为“等待某人/某物做某事”,其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 2.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 【答案】to give 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖的日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____their42____ (they) contents. 【答案】to be lifted 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 【考法预测】 1.(2026·河北省高三上学期12月期中)This program was launched to invite participants ______ (explore)​ the essence of beauty and Eastern philosophical outlooks shown in art. 【答案】 to explore 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:该项目旨在邀请参与者探索艺术中展现的美之本质与东方哲学观。固定搭配 invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”。故填to explore。 2.(2026·广东深圳市罗湖区第一学期期末质量检测高三)In many areas, high stone walls make it almost impossible for animals _______ (escape) once they fall in. 【答案】 to escape 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作宾语补足语。句意:在许多地区,高高的石墙使得动物一旦掉进去就几乎不可能逃脱。本句为固定句型make it + 形容词 + for sb/sth to do sth,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语,不定式作宾语补足语。故填to escape。 重难05 不定式作主语【低频考点】 1. 【2026年全国一卷】It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【答案】to be held 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们也常常在传统节日期间举行,例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语,且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系,故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2.【2026年全国二卷】It’s time for my dan tian ____65____ (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 to meet 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”,本空用不定式to meet。 重难06 不定式固定搭配/特定结构【低频考点】 【真题再现】 【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of __self-awareness__ (self-aware). 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“花时间做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 【考法预测】 1.(2026·福建省福州市八县(市)协作校高三上学期期中联考)In large scenes or landscapes, your eyes are meant ______ (travel)​ along a visual path from one area to another. 【答案】 to travel 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:在大幅的场景或山水画中,观者的视线本就应沿着画面的视觉脉络,从一处流转至另一处。“be meant to do sth”是固定短语,意为“旨在做某事、理应做某事”。故填to travel。 2.(2026·安徽宣城市第一学期期末调研测试高三)In conclusion, as an international chef once exclaimed, “Huicai manages _______ (balance) the boldness of flavors with the amazing cooking techniques.” 【答案】 to balance 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式固定搭配。句意:正如一位国际厨师曾经赞叹的:“徽菜成功地在浓郁的风味与精湛的烹饪技巧之间达到了平衡。”固定搭配manage to do sth.意为“成功做某事”,为不定式固定用法。故填to balance。 拔高・分层集训 基础演练 1.(2026·福建省山海联盟校教学协作体高三上学期期中)It offers a visual introduction to both the fine quality of Shoushan Stone and the superb skills required ______ (process) it. 【答案】 to process 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:它直观地介绍了寿山石的优良品质和加工它所需的精湛技术。require...to do: 需要......做某事,require的宾语是skills,此处为不定式作宾补,故填to process。 2.(2026·辽宁省阜新市重点高中高三上学期期中考试)These lanterns in the shape of lotus flowers are set to flow in rivers ______ (honor) the spirits and guide them in the afterlife. 【答案】 to honor 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些莲花形状的灯笼被放入河中漂流,以纪念亡灵并指引它们往生。此句已有谓语动词are set,honor需作非谓语成分,此处动词不定式表目的,译为“为了纪念”。故填to honor。 3.(2026·四川成都市彭州市彭州中学高三上学期期末)The journey began with machines like the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), built in 1945. ENIAC was a monster: it weighed 30 tons, occupied 1,800 square feet, and contained nearly 18,000 vacuum tubes. _______ (process) a single calculation, it often required hours of setup time by a team of operators. 【答案】 To process 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作目的状语。句意:要进行一次计算,通常需要一组操作员花费数小时的准备时间。空格处作句子的目的状语,需用不定式表目的,句首单词首字母大写。故填To process。 4.(2026·安徽六安市上学期高三期末学业水平检测)Currently, a special exhibition takes place at the National Art Museum of China _______ (celebrate) Sze Chi-ching’s upcoming 90th birthday and his devotions to Chinese calligraphy, offering visitors a profound insight into his mastery of this ancient art form. 【答案】 to celebrate 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作目的状语。句意:目前,中国美术馆正在举办一场特别展览,庆祝施子清即将到来的90岁生日以及他对中国书法的贡献,让游客们深刻领略他对这门古老艺术形式的精湛造诣。空格处作目的状语,举办展览的目的是庆祝生日和致敬书法事业,应用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。 5.(2026·湖南长沙市第一中学高三上学期期末)Young people are also showing increasing interest in this craft, learning and inheriting it _______ (keep) the ancient art alive in modern times. 【答案】 to keep 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作目的状语。句意:年轻人也对这种工艺表现出越来越浓厚的兴趣,学习和继承它,使古老的刺绣艺术在现代得以延续。空格处作目的状语,年轻人传承工艺的目的是延续古老艺术,需用动词不定式。故填to keep。 6.(2026·山东菏泽市山东省菏泽市大联考高三上学期2月期末)What truly inspires me is how both the government and locals are working _______ (protect) their traditions. 【答案】 to protect 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作目的状语。句意:真正激励我的是政府和当地人如何努力保护他们的传统。从句已有谓语动词are working,空格处为非谓语动词,此处表行动目的,即努力的目的是保护传统文化,用不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 7.(2026·福建泉州市晋江市第一中学上学期秋季高三年第二阶段考试)The idea inspired him _______ (explore) boldly and persevere through challenges. 【答案】 to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作补语。句意:这个想法激励着他勇敢探索,并在面对挑战时坚持不懈。固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.表示“激励某人做某事”,不定式在句中作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 8.(2026·河南中原名校联盟高三年级2月期末检测)Chinese web novels not only bring spiritual enjoyment to overseas readers, but also open a window for them _______ (discover) and understand China. 【答案】 to discover 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作后置定语。句意:中国网络小说不仅给海外读者带来精神享受,也为他们打开了一扇发现和了解中国的窗口。固定搭配a window to do sth表示“做某事的窗口”,不定式短语修饰名词window,作后置定语。故填to discover。 9.(2026·河北衡水中学度高三上学期期末综合素质评价)For this opportunity _______ (engage) in such meaningful exchange. I am extremely grateful. 【答案】 to engage 【解析】考查非谓语动词之不定式作后置定语。句意:对于有机会参与如此有意义的交流,我无比感激。固定搭配the opportunity to do sth.表示“做某事的机会”,不定式修饰名词opportunity,作后置定语。故填to engage。 10.(2026·河北承德市高三上学期期末) These young plant lovers, many of whom have no formal training, are employing the Internet (learn) everything from propagation techniques to dealing with plant diseases. 【答案】to learn 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些年轻的植物爱好者中,很多人没有接受过正规的训练,他们正利用互联网学习从繁殖技术到处理植物病害的一切知识。employ sth. to do sth. 为固定用法,表示“利用某物做某事”,用动词不定式。故填to learn。 能力进阶 1.(2026·太原市高三下学期一模) Shortly (short) afterwards, Sam, her AI elderly care robot, was born, and it didn’t take long for the world (take) notice: 【答案】to take 【解析】考查不定式。句意:不久之后,她的智能老年护理机器人“萨姆”诞生了,很快全世界都注意到了它:它的网站一夜之间崩溃了,涌入了来自家庭和养老院等机构的大量急切的预订请求。It take long for sb. to do是固定句型,意为“某人做某事花了很长时间”,it是形式主语,空处使用动词不定式作真正的主语,故填to take。 2.(2026·安徽铜陵市高三下学期一模)Many people have jumped (defend) the Australian’s performances as unique and creative, despite not necessarily being rewarded by the judges. 【答案】to defend 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多人都为这位澳大利亚选手的表演辩护,称其独特而富有创意,尽管评委不一定会给予奖励。此处defend为动词不定式表目的。故填to defend。 3.(2026·河北部分高中高三下学期一模)“It has the power (shape) human behavior and create atmospheres,bringing out sympathy and mercy, and offering a sense of poetry, harmony (harmonious), and shared community.” 【答案】 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它有能力塑造人类行为,创造氛围,激发同情和怜悯,并带来诗意、和谐和共享社区的感觉。the power to do sth.“做某事的力量”,所以空处应使用不定式to shape作后置定语,修饰名词power。故填to shape。 4.(2026·黑龙江双鸭山市第一中学高三下学期一模)EV owners simply need to scan a QR code in the underground parking lots of malls or office buildings (call) a purple and yellow four-wheel robot, enabling the innovative “station-to-vehicle” charging model. 【答案】to call 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:电动汽车车主只需在商场或办公楼的地下停车场扫描一个二维码,就能召唤出一辆紫色和黄色的四轮机器人,从而实现创新的“桩对车”充电模式。根据句意可知,此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语,满足句意要求。故填to call。 5.(2026·南京盐城市高三下学期一模)With plans (introduce) the Azheke model in more remote regions in the near future, a new path is being paved for sustainable rural revitalization nationwide. 【答案】to introduce 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着在不久的将来在更多偏远地区推广阿者科模式的计划,一条全国范围内可持续乡村振兴的新道路正在铺就。句中plans为名词作介词With宾语,名词plan后面通常接不定式(to do)来说明计划的具体内容,表示“……的计划”,此空用不定式to introduce作后置定语。故填to introduce。 6.(2026·陕西商洛高三下学期一模)Only about $6 million are used (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old. 【答案】 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但在一篇研究论文中,这个名为DeepSeek-V3的系统背后的团队描述了 一个更大的进步:他们只花费了大约600万美元来构建这个新系统。固定搭配be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”,空处需填动词不定式。故填to build。 7.(2026·浙江高三下学期一模) Now, there’s a growing desire (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. 【答案】to break 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:现在,人们越来越渴望从混凝土建筑中解脱出来。名词desire后常用不定式作后置定语,a desire to do sth.“做某事的渴望”。故填to break。 8.(2026·广东汕头市澄海区高三下学期一模)“I can finish a report and still have time 40 (call) my mom before arriving.” He explained that this efficiency allows him 41 (balance) work and family life. 【答案】40.to call 41.to balance 【解析】40.考查不定式。句意:我可以在到达之前完成一份报告,还有时间给我妈妈打电话。have time to do sth.“有时间做某事”,是固定短语,空处用不定式形式to call。故填to call。 41.考查不定式。句意:他解释说,这种效率使他能够平衡工作和家庭生活。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,是固定短语,空处用不定式形式to balance,作宾补。故填to balance。 9.(2026·河北张家口市高三下学期一模)Stretching 7.8 kilometers from south to north, the Beijing Central Axis was built based on ancient architectural philosophies (create) an ideal capital layout. 【答案】to create 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:北京中轴线自南向北绵延7.8公里,它依据古代建筑理念而建,旨在打造理想的都城格局。分析句子结构可知,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 10.(2026·辽西重点高中高三下学期一模)Each movement had to be precise to within 0.01 seconds 63 (match) the music and the human partners, which was previously (previous) thought impossible. 【答案】to match 【jx 】考查非谓语动词。句意:每一个动作都必须精确到0.01秒以内,才能与音乐以及人类伙伴的动作保持同步,而此前人们认为这是不可能做到的。此处表目的,需用不定式 to match,故填to match。 1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题03 不定式(培优讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列
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专题03 不定式(培优讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列
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专题03 不定式(培优讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列
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