暑假作业01 语言知识巩固（巩固培优） 高二英语译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦选择性必修二Units 1-2词汇语法巩固，通过词汇应用、语法转换、语篇理解与产出的渐进式训练，系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇应用|2篇短文填空|听录音补全单元核心词汇|从Unit 1-2词汇表中选取高频词，通过语境强化词义记忆与运用| |词形转换|15组派生词|动词/名词/形容词/副词转换|遵循构词法逻辑，构建“词根-词性-语境”关联网络| |语法填空|15题单句|结合单元词汇考查词形变化、从句等|以词汇为基础，渗透语法规则，实现词汇语法融合应用| |翻译仿写|5组长难句|课文原句翻译与情境仿写|通过“理解-转换-创造”提升语言表达的准确性与逻辑性| |阅读理解|4篇文本|细节理解、推理判断等题型|从信息提取到逻辑分析，培养语篇解读与思维品质| |读后续写|1篇故事|基于情节发展续写|考查语篇连贯与情感表达，提升语言产出能力|

( 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业01 语言知识巩固 选择性必修二 (Units 1-2)（原卷版） 一、听录音，用Unit 1词汇表所学的单词完成以下短文。 A Critical Night One ____________ night, a ____________ fell on a ____________ in an old ____________. Flames spread quickly, ____________ a young woman in her ____________. She began to ____________ and ____________ on smoke. Her dog’s ____________ alerted a neighbor, who called an ____________. Firefighters arrived, ____________ their ladders, and ____________ her with only ____________ burns. ____________ _________ neighbors gathered outside. ____________ water sprayers had already contained the fire. After the rescue, a ____________ ____________ the cause. Her ____________ report ___________ __________ online rumors. ________ ____________, some claimed the building had no alarms, but ____________ confirmed otherwise. The community’s ____________ became fire safety. A local ____________ ____________ free alarms, ____________ them to each household. ____________ drove many to join a safety group, and ____________ quickly ____________. In ____________, the disaster __________ ________ __________the need for better safety measures. The ____________ loss ____________ unity to its ____________. 二、听录音，用Unit 2词汇表所学的单词完成以下短文。 The Unbreakable Bond In 490 _________, the first ____________ was born. Many centuries later, ____________ still defines the sport. At a half-marathon __________, an ____________ runner named Leo prepared for the __________. His ________ was “No ____________ is too high.” The ____________ of the sports ____________ gave a brief ____________ on ____________ and ____________. Then the race ____________. Leo ____________ ____________ a small hill. Suddenly, he twisted his ____________. Pain shot through his ____________ and ____________, so he clenched his ____________. He could have ____________, but instead he chose ____________ and ____________ determination. His ____________ runners ____________ his courage. ____________, a ____________ of support ____________ from the crowd. In the ____________ of amateur athletes, such moments ____________ higher than any medal. Because of his ____________ in ____________ effort, Leo ____________ the pain. ____________ ____________ backgrounds meant nothing now — only ____________ mattered. The ____________ of the marathon burned bright. With the ____________ of the final kilometer, Leo crossed the finish line. A _________ ____________ from an ____________ runner went ____________ _________ ____________, but Leo did not ____________ with anger. He simply smiled. ____________, his __________ will had turned a____________ into victory. 三、重点单词 1. investigate (v.) 侦查，调查；研究 → _______________ (n.) 调查 → _______________ (n.) 调查者 2. persuade (vt.) 说服；使信服 → _______________ (n.) 说服，劝说 → _______________ (adj.) 有说服力的 3. advertise (v.) 做广告，登广告 → _______________ (n.) 广告 → _______________ (n.) 广告活动，广告业 4. ambition (n.) 野心，抱负 → _______________ (adj.) 有雄心的 → _______________ (adv.) 有野心之地 5. commit (vt.) 承诺；献身 → _______________ (n.) 献身；承诺 → _______________ (adj.) 尽心尽力的 6. accurate (adj.) 正确无误的；精确的 → _______________ (n.) 准确性 → _______________ (adv.) 精确地 7. journalist (n.) 新闻记者 → _______________ (n.) 新闻业 → _______________ (n.) 日记，札记 8. election (n.) 选举 → _______________ (v.) 选举 → _______________ (n.) 选民 9. compete (vi.) 参加比赛；竞争→ _______________ (n.) 比赛；竞争→ _______________ (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争力的 10. participate (vi.) 参加，参与→ _______________ (n.) 参与→ _______________ (n.) 参与者 11. motivate (vt.) 激励，激发→ _______________ (n.) 动力；积极性→ _______________ (adj.) 激励的 12. demonstrate (vt.) 表现，表露；证实→ _______________ (n.) 展示；表现→_______________ (adj.) 感情外露的；证明的 13. consistent (adj.) 一致的，始终如一的→ _______________ (n.) 一致性→ _______________ (adv.) 一贯地 14. grace (n.) 高雅，文雅；优美→ _______________ (adj.) 优雅的→ _______________ (adv.) 优雅地 15. intention (n.) 意图 → _______________ (adj.) 故意的 → _______________ (adv.) 故意地 → _______________ (adv.) 非故意地，无意地 四、重点短语 1. 发生 2. 揭露，披露 3. 总结，概括 4. 被传达，把…讲清楚 5. 迅速出现，突然兴起 6. 致力于 7. (尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8. 例如，比如 9. 正式邀请(请求)某人做某事 10. 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 11. 正确客观地看待 12. 偶然来到，无意中处于 13. 改变条件（或规则） 14. 给某人出难题 15. 认输，承认失败 一、单句语法填空 1. The journalist launched an __________ into the scandal (丑闻), and as an __________, she spent months gathering evidence. (investigate) 2. Through patient __________, the coach managed to __________ the young athlete to try a new training method. (persuade) 3. The company spent millions on __________, but the __________ itself failed to attract customers. (advertise) 4. The citizens went to the polls (投票) to __________ a new mayor, and every registered __________ received a voting card by mail. (elect) 5. Her __________ to truthful reporting is widely recognized; she remains fully __________ to journalistic ethics. (commit) 6. The journalist checked the __________ of every fact; only __________ reported information can build trust. (accurate) 7. In modern __________, a __________ must verify (核实) sources before publishing a story. (journal) 8. The young athlete’s __________ to win an Olympic gold medal drove her to train at dawn every day, and her coach described her as the most __________ person he had ever met. (ambition) 9. Regular __________ helps athletes improve, and a __________ spirit drives them to break records. (compete) 10. Active __________ in team sports builds character; every __________, regardless of skill level, gains valuable experience. (participate) 11. The coach’s __________ speech gave the team strong __________ to win the championship. (motivate) 12. The athlete’s __________ of sportsmanship was praised; such __________ conduct sets a good example for young fans. (demonstrate) 13. The runner’s __________ in performance impressed the judges; she __________ finished in the top three eventually. (consistent) 14. The figure skater moved with __________; every gesture was __________ and controlled. (gracefully) 15. It was not an accident; he pushed the opponent with clear __________, and he __________ stepped on the player’s foot after the whistle. (intention) 二、用所给短语的适当形式填空 come about, bring sth to light, sum up, get across, spring up, be committed to, mount up, for instance, call on sb to do sth, walk on air, keep sth in perspective, find one's way into 1. The coach ________________ the team captain to give an encouraging speech before the final match. 2. How did such a serious misunderstanding ________________ between the two players? 3. The journalist spent two years investigating the scandal and finally ________________ the hidden truth ________________. 4. After winning the championship, the young athlete felt as if she was ________________. 5. The speaker used simple language and vivid examples to ________________ his message ________________. 6. In recent years, many new fitness clubs have ________________ in this city. 7. Losses and injuries can ________________ quickly in a long season, testing a team’s depth. 8. ________________, teamwork and individual effort are equally important in sports. 9. The organization ________________ providing equal training opportunities for amateur and professional athletes. 10. Some unexpected opportunities, ________________ a chance meeting with a famous coach, can change an athlete’s career. 11. Although he lost the final, the young tennis player learned to ______________ the defeat _____________ and focus on improvement. 12. The small sportswear brand ________________ the international market by accident when a famous athlete wore its shoes. 三、课文长句翻译与仿写 1. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 中文翻译： 英文仿写：上周，那场被认为是由暴雨引发的洪水席卷了整个村庄，导致许多房屋被毁。 2. Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. 中文翻译： 英文仿写： 医院院长史密斯医生证实，司机的疲劳驾驶导致了撞车事故，而且道路标志不够清晰，未能防止该事故的发生。 3. Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. 中文翻译： 英文仿写：即使天气预报基于相同的计算机模型，它们在降雨量预测方面也可能存在差异，因为大气是高度敏感且不断变化的。 4. Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. 中文翻译： 英文仿写： 每年，数百名聪明且勤奋的学生怀着好奇心和追求学术卓越的精神聚集在一起，准备相互挑战知识，希望被视为同龄人中最优秀的头脑。 5. Motivated by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” , many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. 中文翻译： 英文仿写： 受工程学原则“精准、高效、可靠”的激励，许多年轻的科学家，无论是来自大学还是研究机构，都致力于开发新技术和解决现实世界的问题。 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Text 1 1. Which job requires the applicant to have a university degree? A. Bus Driver B. Shop Assistant (Leeds) C. Secretary D. Shop Assistant (Middlesbrough) 2. What can be inferred about the Shop Assistant position in Leeds? A. It offers a lower hourly wage than the one in Middlesbrough. B. Applicants must have worked for at least three years. C. It requires working on both weekdays and weekends throughout the week. D. It is a full-time job with extra benefits. 3. What is the main purpose of these four advertisements? A. To introduce different companies in the UK. B. To compare working conditions of various jobs. C. To attract qualified people to apply for job vacancies. D. To inform readers of the latest salary standards. Text 2 Customer Reviews Great quality ★★★★★ By：Rashid I had never worn any hiking boots before until two weeks ago when my friends and I decided to climb Mount Kinabalu. I am glad that I bought these boots because they really helped me to climb over rocky hills and walk on rough ground. Although Mountain Hikers are more expensive than Rain Forest Explorers, the boots are really comfortable and water resistant. Rain Forest Explorers are lighter and less expensive. Those who love hiking and jungle-trekking should buy at least one pair of these boots. Best Sunglasses ever!!!!! ★★★ By：Vanessa Since I needed more than one pair of sunglasses, I ordered both Fabulous Ray and Fame Violet. I must say that I love both of them. It is hard to say which one is better because Fabulous Ray sunglasses are resistant to scratches and have longer durability while Fame Violet sunglasses are light and fashionable. I guess each has its own advantages. I recommend you to buy both especially when you go out often in sunlight. Can be improved ★★ By：Toby I was in a desperate need of a new camera since my last one broke. I have been searching for new cameras for two weeks until I saw these two and immediately bought them. They are not really what I am looking for but it’s fine considering that both are not exactly new models. Quickster camera is actually very light and cheap compared to other similar types of cameras that are usually more expensive. Snap & Shot has better quality and it is easy to use. Although it is slightly more expensive than Quicksterk it is worth the money. You would like these two if you are looking for cameras that are easy to use, fun to use, inexpensive, and safe. Cheap yet comfortable ★★★★ By：Amy I have always been a fan of Harmonica’s Fashion clothing lines. Although they are cheap, they are very comfortable and classy. I bought Harmonica’s leather jacket for my husband and he loved it. He said it is very stylish and durable and I am happy because it did not cost me much. I bought myself Mesmeriza Jacket since it is very warm and easy to clean. I am glad that they keep producing these jackets of good quality because it is very hard to find any this kind of jacket nowadays. Plus, they are so cheap that everyone can afford them. 4. According to Rashid, what is one advantage of Mountain Hikers over Rain Forest Explorers? A. They are lighter in weight. B. They are less expensive. C. They are more fashionable. D. They are more comfortable and water resistant. 5. What can be inferred about Toby’s attitude toward the two cameras he bought? A. He is completely satisfied with both. B. He regrets buying them because they are old models. C. He thinks they are acceptable but not perfect. D. He prefers Quickster to Snap & Shot. 6. What is the main purpose of these four customer reviews? A. To advertise the best-selling products online. B. To compare the prices of different brands. C. To complain about the poor quality of some products. D. To share personal opinions and experiences about purchased items. Text 3 A man hides in a Christmas scene A 38-year-old man in Italy was a wanted person for attacking a police officer and trying to avoid prison. He tried to hide by being part of a town’s Christmas nativity scene (a display that shows the birth of Jesus, usually with figures of Mary, Joseph, baby Jesus, animals, and sometimes people acting as statues). The town’s mayor noticed him while passing the display and first thought he was a figure in the scene. Then he realised it was a real person. The mayor called another official to ask the man to leave; however, the man said the Christmas scene was his home. Local police and state workers came and identified the man as a fugitive (a person who is running away to avoid being caught by the police). He had a prison sentence of nine months and 15 days for not listening to a police officer and for a violent attack. The mayor thanked the police and said this showed it was very important to trust the people who keep everyone safe and follow the law. The town of Galatone, where this happened, has about 15,400 people and is 26 kilometres from Lecce. 7. How did the mayor first react when seeing the man in the scene? A. He called the police immediately. B. He thought it was a statue. C. He asked the man to explain himself. D. He ignored the man and walked away. 8. What was the man’s prison sentence for? A. Stealing from a Christmas display. B. Hiding in a public place without permission. C. Not obeying a police officer and attacking someone. D. Pretending to be a statue in a nativity scene. 9. What is the mayor’s attitude toward the police and the law in this incident? A. He is critical of their efficiency. B. He is humorous about the situation. C. He is serious and supportive of their role. D. He is surprised by their quick response. 10. Which of the following is the best title for the news report? A. A Funny Christmas Story in Galatone B. Mayor Helps Police Catch a Criminal C. Fugitive Found Hiding in Christmas Scene D. The Importance of Christmas Traditions Text 4 Have you ever wondered why you choose one brand of coffee over another, even if they taste similar? The answer often lies in the clever psychology used by advertisers. Their main goal isn’t just to sell you a single product; it is to build a long-term relationship with you, the consumer. To do this, they need to persuade you to feel a certain way about their brand, and they have several powerful tools to achieve this. The first thing advertisers want is your trust. If you trust a brand, you are more likely to buy from them repeatedly. This is why so many technology companies, like Apple and Samsung, use clean, simple designs and minimalist advertising. The colour blue is also frequently used by banks and financial companies because our subconscious mind associates it with security and reliability. They want you to feel that your money is safe with them. Next, advertisers want you to feel an emotional connection. Think about adverts that feature happy families, cute animals, or inspiring stories. These are designed to make you associate the brand with positive feelings like happiness, comfort, and love. Coca-Cola, for example, has built its entire brand identity around the ideas of happiness and sharing. When you see their adverts, they don’t just want you to think about a drink; they want you to think about good times with friends and family. If they can make you feel good, they hope you will buy their product to recapture that feeling. Finally, advertisers want to create a sense of urgency or exclusivity (排他性). Have you ever seen an advert that says “Limited time only!” or “Only 100 items available”? This technique makes you feel that if you don’t act now, you will miss a special opportunity. This can be a very effective way to persuade people to make a quick purchasing decision. These are just a few of the psychological tools used in advertising. By influencing our perception of their brand, advertisers aim to build brand loyalty. They want to be the first name you think of when you need a new phone, a car, or even just a soft drink. They are not just selling a product; they are selling an idea, a feeling, and a promise. The next time you watch an advert, look beyond the product being sold. Ask yourself: what feeling are they trying to sell me? 11. What is the main purpose of using happy families and cute animals in adverts? A. To create warm emotions about the company. B. To demonstrate how the product can be used. C. To make the advert more interesting for children. D. To demonstrate the product's wide appeal across demographics. 12. What is the intended effect of a “Limited time only!” offer? A. To test if the product is popular with consumers. B. To inform customers that the shop will close soon. C. To stop customers thinking too much before they buy. D. To show that the company does not have many products. 13. What does the text mean by “brand loyalty”? A. The company is loyal to its customers. B. The company promises to keep its prices low. C. The customer buys many different brands to compare them. D. The customer always thinks of one brand first for a certain product. 14. What is the main argument of the article about advertising? A. That companies are really selling emotions, not things. B. That modern advertising is less effective than it used to be. C. That advertising uses psychology to influence consumer behaviour. D. That only the biggest companies can afford to use psychology in their adverts. 二、阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You love your child and want to do what is best for them. Yes, even right down to choosing the right sport for your child. It can be a daunting task! With so many options available, it is important to find a sport that aligns with your child’s interests, abilities, and personality. At CAL Sports Academy, we believe in helping parents make informed decisions that will foster a lifelong love for sports in their children. 1 Understand Your Child’s Interests and Abilities 2 Pay attention to the activities they naturally gravitate towards and the skills they excel in. It may be running, jumping, throwing, or strategic thinking, understanding these preferences will help you narrow down the options. 3 Assess your child’s physical and emotional readiness for different sports. Some sports require higher levels of physical fitness and coordination, others may demand emotional resilience and teamwork. Ensure that the sport you choose matches your child’s developmental stage and capabilities. Explore a Variety of Options Expose your child to a variety of sports to see what they enjoy the most. This can include team sports like soccer and basketball, individual sports like swimming and gymnastics, or even less traditional options like martial arts and dance. 4 Prioritize Enjoyment and Long-Term Development 5 If children enjoy what they are doing, they are more likely to stick with it and develop their skills over time. Look for sports programs that emphasize fun, skill development, and personal growth. Match the Sport to Your Child’s Personality When choosing a sport for your child, consider their personality. Some children thrive in team environments, while others prefer individual activities. Introverted kids might enjoy solo sports like tennis or swimming, while extroverted children may flourish in team sports like soccer or basketball. A. Consider Physical and Emotional Readiness B. Below are seven tips to guide you through the process. C. Trying different activities will help your child discover their passion. D. The primary goal should be for your child to have fun and enjoy the sport. E. Choose a sport that fits well with your lifestyle and allows for a healthy balance. F. Consider your family’s schedule and your child’s other interests and commitments. G. The first step in choosing the right sport is to recognize your child’s interests and skills. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Old Mr. Jenkins lived alone in the small gray house at the end of our street. Every morning on my way to school, I watched him struggle to carry his trash bin to the garbage collection point, his back bent like a question mark. He rarely spoke to anyone. When kids waved at him, he would just nod and look away. The neighborhood kids whispered that he was easily angry and mean. I believed them, until one cold winter day changed everything. My bike chain broke on the icy sidewalk, and I fell hard, scraping (刮擦) my knee against the frozen ground. The pain shot through my leg like a knife. Tears welled up in my eyes as I sat there, cold and helpless, watching the snow fall. Suddenly, I heard footsteps crunching on the fresh snow. It was Mr. Jenkins, moving with difficulty toward me with his wooden walking stick. His face, usually so serious, now showed something else—worry? “Come inside, boy,” he said, his voice rough but not unkind. I hesitated for a moment, but the burning pain in my knee convinced me to follow him. His house was surprisingly warm and smelled of cinnamon (肉桂). He led me to a worn armchair by the fireplace and carefully cleaned my wound with gentle, practiced hands. His touch was surprisingly soft. Then he brought me a steaming cup of hot chocolate and a plate of homemade cookies. “You’re the first visitor I’ve had in months,” he admitted quietly, staring into his own cup. I learned that his wife had passed away two years ago, and his children lived far away. That afternoon, I stayed for hours, listening to his stories about the old days—his job at the factory, the tree he planted for his wife, the summer they caught a huge fish. When I finally left, he walked me to the door. “Come back anytime,” he said, almost shyly. I smiled and promised I would. As I walked home, I realized that the unfriendly old man everyone talked about was actually the kindest person I had ever met. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Every week after that, I visited Mr. Jenkins. _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ One spring morning, I found a small package on my doorstep. __________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 5 ( zxxk.com )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ( 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ) 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业01 语言知识巩固 选择性必修二 (Units 1-2)（解析版） 一、听录音，用Unit 1词汇表内所学的单词完成以下短文。 A Critical Night One critical night, a cigarette fell on a carpet in an old construction. Flames spread quickly, trapping a young woman in her bathroom. She began to scream and choke on smoke. Her dog’s bark alerted a neighbor, who called an ambulance. Firefighters arrived, extended their ladders, and released her with only minor burns. Dozens of neighbors gathered outside. Automatic water sprayers had already contained the fire. After the rescue, a journalist investigated the cause. Her factual report contradicted false online rumors. For instance, some claimed the building had no alarms, but witnesses confirmed otherwise. The community’s priority became fire safety. A local brand sponsored free alarms, tailoring them to each household. Curiosity drove many to join a safety group, and membership quickly mounted. In conclusion, the disaster brought to light the need for better safety measures. The minimum loss boosted unity to its maximum. 危急之夜 在一个危急的夜晚，一根香烟掉在地毯上引发了火灾。火焰将一名年轻女子困在了她的浴室里。她开始尖叫，浓烟让她窒息。她的狗发出的吠叫声引起了邻居的注意，邻居叫来了救护车和消防队。许多居民聚集在那栋旧建筑外面。消防员伸出梯子，成功地将她救出，她只受了轻微的烧伤。自动喷头将损失降到了最低。 救援结束后，一名记者调查了起火原因。她的真实报道驳斥了网上的虚假谣言。例如，有人声称大楼没有警报器，但目击者证实并非如此。社区的优先事项变成了消防安全。当地一家品牌赞助了免费警报器，并为每个家庭量身定制。好奇心驱使许多人加入了一个安全小组，成员人数迅速增加。总之，这场灾难凸显了采取更完善安全措施的必要性。最小的损失反而将团结推向了最高点。 二、听录音，用Unit 2词汇表内所学的单词完成以下短文。 The Unbreakable Bond In 490 BCE, the first marathon was born. Many centuries later, solidarity still defines the sport. At a half-marathon venue, an amateur runner named Leo prepared for the session. His motto was “No boundary is too high.” The chairman of the sports council gave a brief remark on humanity and dignity. Then the race proceeded. Leo gradually ascended a small hill. Suddenly, he twisted his ankle. Pain shot through his waist and chest, so he clenched his fist. He could have complained, but instead he chose humility and unselfish determination. His fellow runners applauded his courage. Afterwards, a trend of support poured from the crowd. In the league of amateur athletes, such moments rank higher than any medal. Because of his faith in joint effort, Leo handled the pain. Diverse racial backgrounds meant nothing now — only solidarity mattered. The flame of the marathon burned bright. With the arrival of the final kilometer, Leo crossed the finish line. A cruel remark from an opposing runner went below the belt, but Leo did not react with anger. He simply smiled. Literally, his iron will had turned a hurdle into victory. 牢不可破的纽带 在公元前490年，第一场马拉松赛跑诞生了。数千年后，团结仍然是这项运动的定义。 在一个半程马拉松赛的活动场地，一位业余跑者名叫里奥，正在为这一场比赛做准备。他的座右铭是：“没有边界是太高的。”体育委员会的主席就人类与尊严简短地评论了几句。然后比赛接着进行了。 里奥逐渐地登上了一座小山丘。突然，他扭伤了脚踝。疼痛穿过他的腰部和胸部，所以他握紧了拳头。他本可以抱怨，但是他选择了谦逊和无私的决心。他的同伴跑者们为他的勇气鼓掌。后来，一股支持的趋势从人群中倾泻而出。 在业余运动员的联赛中，这样的时刻位列比任何奖牌都高。因为他对共同努力的信心，里奥处理好了疼痛。多样化的种族背景此刻已无关紧要——唯有团结才重要。火焰马拉松的火焰熊熊燃烧。 随着最后一公里的到来，里奥冲过了终点线。一位对抗的选手说了一句刻毒伤人的言论，这话很不公正，但是里奥并没有愤怒地回应。他只是微微一笑。真正地，他那钢铁般的意志已将一道跨栏变成了胜利。 三、重点单词 1. investigate (v.) 侦查，调查；研究 → investigation (n.) 调查 → investigator (n.) 调查者 2. persuade (vt.) 说服；使信服 → persuasion (n.) 说服，劝说 → persuasive (adj.) 有说服力的 3. advertise (v.) 做广告，登广告 → advertisement (n.) 广告 → advertising (n.) 广告活动，广告业 4. ambition (n.) 野心，抱负 → ambitious (adj.) 有雄心的 → ambitiously (adv.) 有野心之地 5. commit (vt.) 承诺；献身 → commitment (n.) 献身；承诺 → committed (adj.) 尽心尽力的 6. accurate (adj.) 正确无误的；精确的 → accuracy (n.) 准确性 → accurately (adv.) 精确地 7. journalist (n.) 新闻记者 → journalism (n.) 新闻业 → journal (n.) 日记，札记 8. election (n.) 选举 → elect (v.) 选举 → elector (n.) 选民 9. compete (vi.) 参加比赛；竞争→ competition (n.) 比赛；竞争→ competitive (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争力的 10. participate (vi.) 参加，参与→ participation (n.) 参与→ participant (n.) 参与者 11. motivate (vt.) 激励，激发→ motivation (n.) 动力；积极性→ motivational (adj.) 激励的 12. demonstrate (vt.) 表现，表露；证实→ demonstration (n.) 展示；表现→ demonstrative (adj.) 感情外露的；证明的 13. consistent (adj.) 一致的，始终如一的→ consistency (n.) 一致性→ consistently (adv.) 一贯地 14. grace (n.) 高雅，文雅；优美→ graceful (adj.) 优雅的→ gracefully (adv.) 优雅地 15. intention (n.) 意图 → intentional (adj.) 故意的 → intentionally (adv.) 故意地 → unintentionally (adv.) 非故意地，无意地 四、重点短语 1. come about 发生 2. bring sth to light 揭露，披露 3. sum up 总结，概括 4. get across 被传达，把…讲清楚 5. spring up 迅速出现，突然兴起 6. be committed to 致力于 7. mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8. for instance 例如，比如 9. call on sb to do sth正式邀请(请求)某人做某事 10. walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 11. keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 12. find one’s way into偶然来到，无意中处于 13. move the goalposts改变条件（或规则） 14. throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 15. throw in the towel认输，承认失败 一、单句语法填空 1. The journalist launched an __________ into the scandal (丑闻), and as an __________, she spent months gathering evidence. (investigate) 【答案】investigation；investigator 【解析】第一空前有不定冠词 an，后接名词，investigate 的名词形式为 investigation，意为“调查”。第二空作宾语，指人，investigator 意为“调查者”。全句：记者对丑闻展开调查，作为调查者，她花了数月收集证据。 2. Through patient __________, the coach managed to __________ the young athlete to try a new training method. (persuade) 【答案】persuasion；persuade 【解析】第一空前有形容词 patient，后接名词，persuade 的名词形式为 persuasion，意为“说服”。第二空前有不定式标记 to，需用动词原形 persuade，构成 manage to persuade。全句：通过耐心的劝说，教练成功说服年轻运动员尝试新的训练方法。 3. The company spent millions on __________, but the __________ itself failed to attract customers. (advertise) 【答案】advertising；advertisement 【解析】第一空前有介词 on，后接名词或动名词，advertising 意为“广告活动（行业）”。第二空作主语，需具体的一则广告，advertisement 意为“广告”。全句：公司花费数百万在广告上，但那则广告本身未能吸引顾客。 4. The citizens went to the polls (投票) to __________ a new mayor, and every registered __________ received a voting card by mail. (elect) 【答案】elect；elector 【解析】第一空前有不定式标记 to，需用动词原形 elect，意为“选举”。第二空作主语，需用名词 elector，意为“选民”。全句：市民们去投票选举新市长，每位登记选民都通过邮件收到了投票卡。 5. Her __________ to truthful reporting is widely recognized; she remains fully __________ to journalistic ethics. (commit) 【答案】commitment；committed 【解析】第一空前有 her，后接名词，commitment 意为“献身；承诺”。第二空作表语，be committed to 固定搭配，意为“致力于”。全句：她对真实报道的献身精神广受认可；她始终恪守新闻职业道德。 6. The journalist checked the __________ of every fact; only __________ reported information can build trust. (accurate) 【答案】accuracy；accurately 【解析】第一空前有定冠词 the，后接名词，accuracy 意为“准确性”。第二空修饰动词 reported，需用副词 accurately，意为“精确地”。全句：记者核对了每条事实的准确性；只有准确报道的信息才能建立信任。 7. In modern __________, a __________ must verify (核实) sources before publishing a story. (journal) 【答案】journalism；journalist 【解析】第一空前有形容词 modern，后接名词，journalism 意为“新闻业”。第二空作主语，指人，journalist 意为“新闻记者”。全句：在现代新闻业中，记者必须在发布报道前核实消息来源。 8. The young athlete’s __________ to win an Olympic gold medal drove her to train at dawn every day, and her coach described her as the most __________ person he had ever met. (ambition) 【答案】ambition；ambitious 【解析】第一空前有名词所有格 athlete’s，后接名词 ambition，意为“抱负”。第二空作表语，修饰 person，需用形容词 ambitious，意为“有雄心的”。全句：这位年轻运动员赢得奥运金牌的抱负驱使她每天黎明训练，教练称她是他见过最有野心的人。 9. Regular __________ helps athletes improve, and a __________ spirit drives them to break records. (compete) 【答案】competition；competitive 【解析】第一空前有形容词 regular，后接名词，competition 意为“比赛；竞争”。第二空修饰 spirit，需形容词，competitive 意为“有竞争力的”。全句：定期的比赛帮助运动员提高，而竞争精神驱使他们打破纪录。 10. Active __________ in team sports builds character; every __________, regardless of skill level, gains valuable experience. (participate) 【答案】participation；participant 【解析】第一空前有形容词 active，后接名词，participation 意为“参与”。第二空作主语，指人，participant 意为“参与者”。全句：积极参与团队运动能塑造品格；每一位参与者，无论技能水平高低，都能获得宝贵经验。 11. The coach’s __________ speech gave the team strong __________ to win the championship. (motivate) 【答案】motivational；motivation 【解析】第一空修饰 speech，需形容词，motivational 意为“激励的”。第二空作宾语，需名词，motivation 意为“动力”。全句：教练激励人心的演讲给团队带来了赢得冠军的强大动力。 12. The athlete’s __________ of sportsmanship was praised; such __________ conduct sets a good example for young fans. (demonstrate) 【答案】demonstration；demonstrative 【解析】第一空填名词 demonstration 表示“展示、表现”。第二空需形容词修饰 conduct，demonstrative 在此意为“表现出（体育精神）的”。全句：这位运动员对体育精神的展示受到赞扬；这种表现性的行为为年轻粉丝树立了良好榜样。 13. The runner’s __________ in performance impressed the judges; she __________ finished in the top three eventually. (consistent) 【答案】consistency；consistently 【解析】第一空前有名词所有格 runner’s，后接名词，consistency 意为“一致性”。第二空修饰动词 finishes，需副词，consistently 意为“一贯地”。全句：这位跑者表现上的一致性给裁判留下深刻印象；她最终进入前三名。 14. The figure skater moved with __________; every gesture was __________ and controlled. (gracefully) 【答案】grace；graceful 【解析】第一空前有介词 with，后接名词，grace 意为“优雅”。第二空作表语，需形容词，graceful 意为“优雅的”。全句：花样滑冰运动员动作优雅；每一个姿态都优美而克制。 15. It was not an accident; he pushed the opponent with clear __________, and he __________ stepped on the player’s foot after the whistle. (intention) 【答案】intention；intentionally 【解析】第一空前有形容词 clear，后接名词 intention，意为“意图”。第二空修饰动词 stepped，需用副词 intentionally，意为“故意地”。全句：那不是意外；他带着明确的意图推了对手，而且在哨响后故意踩了那名球员的脚。 二、用所给短语的适当形式填空 come about, bring sth to light, sum up, get across, spring up, be committed to, mount up, for instance, call on sb to do sth, walk on air, keep sth in perspective, find one's way into 1. The coach ________________ the team captain to give an encouraging speech before the final match. 2. How did such a serious misunderstanding ________________ between the two players? 3. The journalist spent two years investigating the scandal and finally ________________ the hidden truth ________________. 4. After winning the championship, the young athlete felt as if she was ________________. 5. The speaker used simple language and vivid examples to ________________ his message ________________. 6. In recent years, many new fitness clubs have ________________ in this city. 7. Losses and injuries can ________________ quickly in a long season, testing a team’s depth. 8. ________________, teamwork and individual effort are equally important in sports. 9. The organization ________________ providing equal training opportunities for amateur and professional athletes. 10. Some unexpected opportunities, ________________ a chance meeting with a famous coach, can change an athlete’s career. 11. Although he lost the final, the young tennis player learned to ______________ the defeat _____________ and focus on improvement. 12. The small sportswear brand ________________ the international market by accident when a famous athlete wore its shoes. 1. 【答案】called on 句子翻译： 教练请队长在决赛前发表鼓舞人心的讲话。 call on sb to do sth 意为“正式邀请/请求某人做某事”，含有“委托、号召”的语气。在体育场景中，教练请求队长鼓舞士气，动作是主动且有目的的，语境与短语完全吻合。本句描述过去事件，因此用一般过去时 called on。 2. 【答案】come about 句子翻译： 那两名球员之间的严重误会是怎么发生的？ come about 意为“（尤指偶然或难以解释地）发生”，多用于疑问或说明事情起因。句中“严重误会”并非刻意安排，而是意外出现的，因此用 come about 非常贴切。疑问句结构 How did...come about 是常见搭配。 3. 【答案】brought；to light 句子翻译： 这位记者花了两年时间调查丑闻，并最终揭露了隐藏的真相。 bring sth to light 意为“揭露，披露（秘密或丑闻）”，是新闻调查的核心表达。原句添加了 and 使 spent 与 brought 成为并列谓语。此处“隐藏的真相”正是需要被“披露”的对象，语义完美匹配。过去时 brought...to light 符合事件发生的时间。 4.【答案】walking on air 句子翻译： 赢得冠军后，这位年轻运动员感到自己仿佛飘飘欲仙。 walk on air 意为“欢天喜地，得意洋洋”，常用于描述成功后的极度喜悦。as if she was walking on air 中的 as if 引导表语从句，生动地比喻了内心的快乐。用过去进行时 was walking 强化了当时持续的状态。 5.【答案】get；across 句子翻译： 演讲者使用简单的语言和生动的例子清楚地表达了他的意思。 get across 意为“把…讲清楚；被理解”，强调信息成功传递给听众。句中“简单的语言和生动的例子”正是为了让听众理解，因此用 get across 非常得体。不定式 to get his message across 作目的状语，结构正确。 6.【答案】sprung up 句子翻译： 近年来，许多新的健身俱乐部在这座城市迅速兴起。 spring up 意为“迅速出现，突然兴起”，常用于描述新事物如雨后春笋般涌现。“许多新的健身俱乐部”在短时间内大量出现，符合 spring up 的动态含义。本句是现在完成时 have sprung up，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。 7.【答案】mount up 句子翻译： 在一个漫长的赛季中，损失和伤病会迅速累积，考验球队的阵容深度。mount up 意为“（尺寸或数量上）增加，上升”，通常指不良事物逐渐积累。“损失和伤病”正是负面事物，它们会随时间增多，与 mount up 的语义高度一致。can mount up 表示可能性，符合语境。 8.【答案】To sum up 句子翻译： 总而言之，团队合作和个人努力在体育运动中同样重要。 sum up 意为“总结，概括”，常以 To sum up 的形式作插入语，引出结论。句后是对前文观点的总结，放在句首并首字母大写 To sum up 是标准用法。 9.【答案】is committed to 句子翻译： 该组织致力于为业余和职业运动员提供平等的训练机会。 be committed to 意为“致力于”，后接名词或动名词，表达长期、坚定的投入。“提供平等机会”是一个持续的目标，与 be committed to 的语义完全匹配。本句用一般现在时 is committed to，陈述组织的一贯宗旨。 10.【答案】for instance 句子翻译： 一些意想不到的机会，例如与一位著名教练的偶遇，可以改变运动员的职业生涯。 for instance 意为“例如，比如”，用于引出具体例子来支撑前文观点。句中“与著名教练的偶遇”正是前文“意想不到的机会”的一个例子，使用 for instance 自然流畅。前后用逗号隔开，符合插入语规范。 11.【答案】keep；in perspective 句子翻译： 尽管输掉了决赛，这位年轻的网球选手学会了正确看待失败，专注于提高自己。 keep sth in perspective 意为“正确客观地看待”，强调不夸大也不轻视某事物。输掉决赛后“正确看待失败”是重要的心理素质，与短语语义完全吻合。keep the defeat in perspective 是动宾结构，不定式 to keep... 作 learned 的宾语。 12.【答案】found its way into 句子翻译： 当一位著名运动员穿上该品牌的鞋时，这家小型运动服装品牌意外地进入了国际市场。 find one's way into 意为“偶然、不经意地进入”，强调非计划性。原句中的 gradually...through innovative designs 与短语的“偶然性”相悖，因此本更新版将场景改为 by accident when a famous athlete wore its shoes，创造了“意外走红”的语境。“著名运动员穿上鞋子”是偶然事件，使品牌被动进入国际市场，完全符合短语的语义要求。用一般过去时 found its way into 叙述已发生的事件。 三、课文长句翻译与仿写 1. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 中文翻译：周日晚上的大火被认为是从8楼开始的，很快延到整座公寓大楼，把位于高楼层的人们困在了里面。 英文仿写：上周，那场被认为是由暴雨引发的洪水席卷了整个村庄，导致许多房屋被毁。 The flood, which is believed to have been caused by the heavy rains, swept through the village last week, leaving many houses destroyed. 结构解析： 非限制性定语从句：which is believed to have been caused by the heavy rains（被动 + 不定式完成式表推测） 主句：The flood swept through the village last week 结果状语：leaving many houses destroyed（现在分词短语） 2. Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. 中文翻译：消防部门的负责人彼得森先生证实是掉在9楼地上的香烟引发了火灾，而且火灾自动报警器没能及时响起，以致未能及时阻止灾难的发生。 英文仿写： 医院院长史密斯医生证实，司机的疲劳驾驶导致了撞车事故，而且道路标志不够清晰，未能防止该事故的发生。 Dr. Smith, head of the hospital, confirms that the driver’s fatigue caused the crash and that the road signs were not clear enough to prevent the accident. 结构解析： 主语 + 同位语：Dr. Smith, head of the hospital 谓语：confirms 第一个 that 从句：that the driver's fatigue caused the crash（说明原因） 第二个 that 从句：that the road signs were not clear enough to prevent the accident（说明另一缺陷） 3. Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. 中文翻译：即使新闻报道的撰写视角基本一致，它们也可能在事实细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。 英文仿写：即使天气预报基于相同的计算机模型，它们在降雨量预测方面也可能存在差异，因为大气是高度敏感且不断变化的。 Even if weather forecasts are based on the same computer models, they may differ in terms of rainfall predictions, as the atmosphere is highly sensitive and constantly changing. 结构解析： 让步状语从句：Even if weather forecasts are based on the same computer models 主句：they may differ in terms of rainfall predictions 原因状语从句：as the atmosphere is highly sensitive and constantly changing 4. Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. 中文翻译：每过四年，成千上万名训练有素、天赋过人的运动员，本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神聚集在一起准备互相较量，希望能成为举世公认的顶尖选手。 英文仿写： 每年，数百名聪明且勤奋的学生怀着好奇心和追求学术卓越的精神聚集在一起，准备相互挑战知识，希望被视为同龄人中最优秀的头脑。 Every year, hundreds of bright and hardworking students gather together in the spirit of curiosity and academic excellence, ready to challenge their knowledge against each other in the hope of being recognized as the top minds of their generation. 结构解析： 时间状语：Every year 主语 + 谓语：hundreds of bright and hardworking students gather together 方式状语：in the spirit of curiosity and academic excellence 伴随动作：ready to challenge their knowledge against each other 最终目标：in the hope of being recognized as the top minds of their generation 5. Motivated by the Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” , many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. 中文翻译：在奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多知名的男女运动员力争取得卓越的体育成绩并不断突破人类成就的极限。 英文仿写： 受工程学原则“精准、高效、可靠”的激励，许多年轻的科学家，无论是来自大学还是研究机构，都致力于开发新技术和解决现实世界的问题。 Inspired by the engineering principle “Precision, Efficiency, Reliability”, many young scientists, both from universities and research institutes, have devoted themselves to developing new technologies and solving real-world problems. 结构解析： 过去分词状语：Inspired by the engineering principle “Precision, Efficiency, Reliability” 主语：many young scientists 插入同位语：both from universities and research institutes 谓语：have devoted themselves to 并列宾语：developing new technologies and solving real-world problems 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Text 1 1. Which job requires the applicant to have a university degree? A. Bus Driver B. Shop Assistant (Leeds) C. Secretary D. Shop Assistant (Middlesbrough) 2. What can be inferred about the Shop Assistant position in Leeds? A. It offers a lower hourly wage than the one in Middlesbrough. B. Applicants must have worked for at least three years. C. It requires working on both weekdays and weekends throughout the week. D. It is a full-time job with extra benefits. 3. What is the main purpose of these four advertisements? A. To introduce different companies in the UK. B. To compare working conditions of various jobs. C. To attract qualified people to apply for job vacancies. D. To inform readers of the latest salary standards. 答案及详细解析 1. 【答案】C。 细节理解题 【解析】本题考查直接细节定位。四则广告中，只有“SECRETARY”栏目明确要求“Degree in economics or computer services”，即需要大学学位。A项公交司机要求驾照和经验；B项利兹店员要求“Minimum 3 years of experience”；D项米德尔斯堡店员要求年龄“25-30”，均未提及学历要求。因此C项正确。 2. 【答案】B。判断推理题 【解析】本题考查基于原文信息的合理推断。利兹店员广告原文写明“Minimum 3 years of experience”，即至少三年经验，因此B项正确。 A项：比较时薪，利兹为£8/小时，米德尔斯堡为£6.50/小时，利兹更高，故A错误。 C项：原文工作天数为“Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays”。虽然周五是工作日、周六周日是周末，但广告并未声称“在整个一周内既工作日又周末工作”——该表述暗示每个工作日类型都涉及多天，而实际仅有周五一个工作日，属于过度推理，故C错误。 D项：广告中未说明该岗位为全职，且工作天数仅为三天，更可能为兼职，不能推断为全职，故D错误。 3. 【答案】C。主旨大意题 【解析】本题考查语篇目的。四则广告标题分别包含“is looking for” “We’re looking for” “WANTED!”等字样，正文均列出岗位要求与联系方式，核心目的是招聘员工，即吸引符合条件的应聘者申请职位。A项“介绍公司”偏离主旨；B项“比较工作条件”并非作者意图；D项“告知薪资标准”仅为部分信息，不构成整体目的。因此C项最准确。 Text 2 Customer Reviews Great quality ★★★★★ By：Rashid I had never worn any hiking boots before until two weeks ago when my friends and I decided to climb Mount Kinabalu. I am glad that I bought these boots because they really helped me to climb over rocky hills and walk on rough ground. Although Mountain Hikers are more expensive than Rain Forest Explorers, the boots are really comfortable and water resistant. Rain Forest Explorers are lighter and less expensive. Those who love hiking and jungle-trekking should buy at least one pair of these boots. Best Sunglasses ever!!!!! ★★★ By：Vanessa Since I needed more than one pair of sunglasses, I ordered both Fabulous Ray and Fame Violet. I must say that I love both of them. It is hard to say which one is better because Fabulous Ray sunglasses are resistant to scratches and have longer durability while Fame Violet sunglasses are light and fashionable. I guess each has its own advantages. I recommend you to buy both especially when you go out often in sunlight. Can be improved ★★ By：Toby I was in a desperate need of a new camera since my last one broke. I have been searching for new cameras for two weeks until I saw these two and immediately bought them. They are not really what I am looking for but it’s fine considering that both are not exactly new models. Quickster camera is actually very light and cheap compared to other similar types of cameras that are usually more expensive. Snap & Shot has better quality and it is easy to use. Although it is slightly more expensive than Quicksterk it is worth the money. You would like these two if you are looking for cameras that are easy to use, fun to use, inexpensive, and safe. Cheap yet comfortable ★★★★ By：Amy I have always been a fan of Harmonica’s Fashion clothing lines. Although they are cheap, they are very comfortable and classy. I bought Harmonica’s leather jacket for my husband and he loved it. He said it is very stylish and durable and I am happy because it did not cost me much. I bought myself Mesmeriza Jacket since it is very warm and easy to clean. I am glad that they keep producing these jackets of good quality because it is very hard to find any this kind of jacket nowadays. Plus, they are so cheap that everyone can afford them. 4. According to Rashid, what is one advantage of Mountain Hikers over Rain Forest Explorers? A. They are lighter in weight. B. They are less expensive. C. They are more fashionable. D. They are more comfortable and water resistant. 5. What can be inferred about Toby’s attitude toward the two cameras he bought? A. He is completely satisfied with both. B. He regrets buying them because they are old models. C. He thinks they are acceptable but not perfect. D. He prefers Quickster to Snap & Shot. 6. What is the main purpose of these four customer reviews? A. To advertise the best-selling products online. B. To compare the prices of different brands. C. To complain about the poor quality of some products. D. To share personal opinions and experiences about purchased items. 答案及详细解析 4. 【答案】D。细节理解题 【解析】本题考查直接细节定位。Rashid的评论中明确写道：“Although Mountain Hikers are more expensive than Rain Forest Explorers, the boots are really comfortable and water resistant.” 即Mountain Hikers相对于Rain Forest Explorers的优势是更舒适且防水。 A项“更轻”和B项“更便宜”是原文中Rain Forest Explorers的优点，属于张冠李戴；C项“更时尚”原文未提及，属于无中生有。因此D正确。 5. 【答案】C。判断推理题 【解析】本题考查态度推断。Toby在评论中说：“They are not really what I am looking for but it’s fine considering that both are not exactly new models.” 这表明相机不完全符合期望，但他认为“还可以接受”（it’s fine），因此态度为“可接受但不完美”。 A项“完全满意”与“not really what I am looking for”矛盾；B项“后悔购买”中“regrets”语气过重，原文仅为“fine”，无后悔依据；D项“更喜欢Quickster”原文客观描述了Quickster轻且便宜、Snap & Shot质量更好且易用，但未表达任何个人偏好或比较性评价，因此无法推断。故C正确。 6. 【答案】D。主旨大意题 【解析】本题考查语篇目的。四则评论分别来自不同顾客，各自分享了对所购产品（登山靴、太阳镜、相机、夹克）的使用感受和评价，包括优点和不足。整体目的是分享个人意见和购后体验。 A项“做广告”与“Customer Reviews”的体裁矛盾，评论是主观反馈而非商业宣传；B项“比较价格”虽在部分评论中提及，但非所有评论的核心，且目的并非比较；C项“抱怨质量”与大多数评论的正面评价不符（仅Toby略有不满但仍接受）。因此D项最准确概括。 Text 3 A man hides in a Christmas scene A 38-year-old man in Italy was a wanted person for attacking a police officer and trying to avoid prison. He tried to hide by being part of a town’s Christmas nativity scene (a display that shows the birth of Jesus, usually with figures of Mary, Joseph, baby Jesus, animals, and sometimes people acting as statues). The town’s mayor noticed him while passing the display and first thought he was a figure in the scene. Then he realised it was a real person. The mayor called another official to ask the man to leave; however, the man said the Christmas scene was his home. Local police and state workers came and identified the man as a fugitive (a person who is running away to avoid being caught by the police). He had a prison sentence of nine months and 15 days for not listening to a police officer and for a violent attack. The mayor thanked the police and said this showed it was very important to trust the people who keep everyone safe and follow the law. The town of Galatone, where this happened, has about 15,400 people and is 26 kilometres from Lecce. 7. How did the mayor first react when seeing the man in the scene? A. He thought it was a statue. B. He called the police immediately. C. He asked the man to explain himself. D. He ignored the man and walked away. 答案及详细解析 【答案】 A 【解析】细节理解题。第二段说明市长经过时“first thought he was a figure in the scene”，即最初以为他是雕像。 干扰项分析：选项B市长是先以为那是雕像，之后才意识到是真人并联系官员，并非立即报警；选项C市长是先联系官员要求男子离开，而非直接让其解释；选项D与原文相反，市长注意到了他。 8. What was the man’s prison sentence for? A. Stealing from a Christmas display. B. Hiding in a public place without permission. C. Pretending to be a statue in a nativity scene. D. Not obeying a police officer and attacking someone. 【答案】 D 【解析】细节理解题。第二段末尾说明他的刑期是“for not listening to a police officer and for a violent attack”。 干扰项分析：选项A文中未提及偷窃；选项B躲藏是行为，但不是判刑的直接原因，判刑是因袭击警察和暴力行为；选项C假装雕像是为了躲藏，并非判刑依据。 9. What is the mayor’s attitude toward the police and the law in this incident? A. He is critical of their efficiency. B. He is humorous about the situation. C. He is serious and supportive of their role. D. He is surprised by their quick response. 【答案】C 【解析】作者态度题。最后一段市长感谢警察，并强调“it was very important to trust the people who keep everyone safe and follow the law”，语气严肃且支持警方与法律。干扰项分析：选项A市长并未批评警方效率，反而表示感谢；选项B市长的发言是严肃的，未体现幽默；选项D文中未强调警方反应速度，市长态度是肯定其作用。 10. Which of the following is the best title for the news report? A. A Funny Christmas Story in Galatone B. Mayor Helps Police Catch a Criminal C. The Importance of Christmas Traditions D. Fugitive Found Hiding in Christmas Scene 【答案】D 【解析】标题选择题。新闻核心是逃犯（fugitive）藏匿于圣诞布景（Christmas scene）并被发现。C选项全面概括了事件主体和特点。 干扰项分析：选项A事件并非搞笑故事，而是刑事案件，标题轻率不准确；选项B虽然市长协助了发现，但事件核心是逃犯的躲藏方式，此选项未突出“圣诞场景”这一独特细节；选项C事件与圣诞传统的重要性无直接关联，重点在于犯罪与执法。 Text 4 Have you ever wondered why you choose one brand of coffee over another, even if they taste similar? The answer often lies in the clever psychology used by advertisers. Their main goal isn’t just to sell you a single product; it is to build a long-term relationship with you, the consumer. To do this, they need to persuade you to feel a certain way about their brand, and they have several powerful tools to achieve this. The first thing advertisers want is your trust. If you trust a brand, you are more likely to buy from them repeatedly. This is why so many technology companies, like Apple and Samsung, use clean, simple designs and minimalist advertising. The colour blue is also frequently used by banks and financial companies because our subconscious mind associates it with security and reliability. They want you to feel that your money is safe with them. Next, advertisers want you to feel an emotional connection. Think about adverts that feature happy families, cute animals, or inspiring stories. These are designed to make you associate the brand with positive feelings like happiness, comfort, and love. Coca-Cola, for example, has built its entire brand identity around the ideas of happiness and sharing. When you see their adverts, they don’t just want you to think about a drink; they want you to think about good times with friends and family. If they can make you feel good, they hope you will buy their product to recapture that feeling. Finally, advertisers want to create a sense of urgency or exclusivity (排他性). Have you ever seen an advert that says “Limited time only!” or “Only 100 items available”? This technique makes you feel that if you don’t act now, you will miss a special opportunity. This can be a very effective way to persuade people to make a quick purchasing decision. These are just a few of the psychological tools used in advertising. By influencing our perception of their brand, advertisers aim to build brand loyalty. They want to be the first name you think of when you need a new phone, a car, or even just a soft drink. They are not just selling a product; they are selling an idea, a feeling, and a promise. The next time you watch an advert, look beyond the product being sold. Ask yourself: what feeling are they trying to sell me? 11. What is the main purpose of using happy families and cute animals in adverts? A. To create warm emotions about the company. B. To demonstrate how the product can be used. C. To make the advert more interesting for children. D. To demonstrate the product's wide appeal across demographics. 12. What is the intended effect of a “Limited time only!” offer? A. To test if the product is popular with consumers. B. To inform customers that the shop will close soon. C. To stop customers thinking too much before they buy. D. To show that the company does not have many products. 13. What does the text mean by “brand loyalty”? A. The company is loyal to its customers. B. The company promises to keep its prices low. C. The customer buys many different brands to compare them. D. The customer always thinks of one brand first for a certain product. 14. What is the main argument of the article about advertising? A. That companies are really selling emotions, not things. B. That modern advertising is less effective than it used to be. C. That advertising uses psychology to influence consumer behaviour. D. That only the biggest companies can afford to use psychology in their adverts. 答案及详细解析 11.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。第三段指出幸福家庭、可爱动物等画面是为了让消费者将品牌与“happiness, comfort, and love”等积极情感联系起来，从而产生温暖的品牌情感。A项正确。 干扰项分析：B项“展示产品使用方法”未提及；C项“让广告对儿童更有趣”片面；D项“展示产品跨人群吸引力”非主要目的。 12. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。第四段说明“Limited time only!”等话术制造紧迫感，让消费者觉得不行动就会错失机会，从而促成快速购买决策，减少犹豫思考的时间。C项“阻止顾客在购买前想太多”符合文意。 干扰项分析：A项“测试产品受欢迎程度”错误；B项“告知商店即将关门”曲解；D项“显示公司产品不多”与限时促销无关。 13.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。末段解释“brand loyalty”为“They want to be the first name you think of when you need a new phone, a car, or even just a soft drink.”即需要某类产品时首先想到该品牌。D项正确。 干扰项分析：A项“公司对顾客忠诚”本末倒置；B项“承诺低价”未提及；C项“顾客比较多种品牌”与忠诚相反。 14. 【答案】C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“clever psychology used by advertisers”，随后从信任、情感连接、紧迫感三方面阐述广告如何利用心理学影响消费者行为。C项“广告利用心理学影响消费者行为”概括全文。 干扰项分析：A项“公司实际销售情感”是部分内容，不够全面；B项“现代广告效果不如从前”未提及；D项“只有大公司能用心理学”与原文不符。 二、阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You love your child and want to do what is best for them. Yes, even right down to choosing the right sport for your child. It can be a daunting task! With so many options available, it is important to find a sport that aligns with your child’s interests, abilities, and personality. At CAL Sports Academy, we believe in helping parents make informed decisions that will foster a lifelong love for sports in their children. 1 Understand Your Child’s Interests and Abilities 2 Pay attention to the activities they naturally gravitate towards and the skills they excel in. It may be running, jumping, throwing, or strategic thinking, understanding these preferences will help you narrow down the options. 3 Assess your child’s physical and emotional readiness for different sports. Some sports require higher levels of physical fitness and coordination, others may demand emotional resilience and teamwork. Ensure that the sport you choose matches your child’s developmental stage and capabilities. Explore a Variety of Options Expose your child to a variety of sports to see what they enjoy the most. This can include team sports like soccer and basketball, individual sports like swimming and gymnastics, or even less traditional options like martial arts and dance. 4 Prioritize Enjoyment and Long-Term Development 5 If children enjoy what they are doing, they are more likely to stick with it and develop their skills over time. Look for sports programs that emphasize fun, skill development, and personal growth. Match the Sport to Your Child’s Personality When choosing a sport for your child, consider their personality. Some children thrive in team environments, while others prefer individual activities. Introverted kids might enjoy solo sports like tennis or swimming, while extroverted children may flourish in team sports like soccer or basketball. A. Consider Physical and Emotional Readiness B. Below are seven tips to guide you through the process. C. Trying different activities will help your child discover their passion. D. The primary goal should be for your child to have fun and enjoy the sport. E. Choose a sport that fits well with your lifestyle and allows for a healthy balance. F. Consider your family’s schedule and your child’s other interests and commitments. G. The first step in choosing the right sport is to recognize your child’s interests and skills. 【答案】1-5 BGACD 导语 本文是一篇家长指南，旨在帮助父母根据孩子的兴趣、能力、性格等因素选择合适的运动项目。 详细解析 1. 【答案】B 解析：本题考查语篇衔接。第一段末尾，作者在说明“CAL Sports Academy帮助家长做明智决定”之后，需要一句总起句引出下文的具体建议。选项B “Below are seven tips to guide you through the process.”（以下是七条建议，帮助你完成这一过程）起到了承上启下的作用，符合指南类文章的常见写法。虽然文中实际只展示了五条建议（可能是节选或原文表述习惯），但其余选项均不适合放在开头做总起，因此B为最佳选择。 2. 【答案】G 解析：本题考查段落内逻辑。第二段小标题为“Understand Your Child’s Interests and Abilities”（了解孩子的兴趣和能力），其后空白处应接续具体的第一步行动。选项G“The first step in choosing the right sport is to recognize your child’s interests and skills.”（选择合适运动的第一步是认识孩子的兴趣和技能）与小标题意思一致，且自然引出后面的“Pay attention to the activities...”，逻辑顺畅。其他选项如C、D等均与当前段落主题不符。 3. 【答案】A 解析：本题考查段落主题句。空白3之前的句子说“理解这些偏好会帮你缩小选项”，之后直接出现“Assess your child’s physical and emotional readiness...”（评估孩子的身体和情绪准备程度）。此处需要一个概括性的小标题或引导句。选项A “Consider Physical and Emotional Readiness”（考虑身体和情绪的准备情况）精准对应下文内容，且与上段“理解兴趣能力”形成并列关系。因此A正确。 4. 【答案】C 解析：本题考查段落总结。小标题“Explore a Variety of Options”（探索多种选择）之后，文中提到让孩子接触多种运动，包括团队、个人、非传统项目。空白4应是对这一做法的意义进行总结。选项C“Trying different activities will help your child discover their passion.”（尝试不同活动能帮助孩子发现自己的热爱）既呼应“探索”的主题，又自然收束该段，逻辑完整。 5. 【答案】D 解析：本题考查段落核心观点。小标题“Prioritize Enjoyment and Long-Term Development”（优先考虑乐趣与长期发展）之后，空白5后文说“如果孩子喜欢他们正在做的事，他们更可能坚持下去”。因此空白处应点明“乐趣优先”这一核心原则。选项D“The primary goal should be for your child to have fun and enjoy the sport.”（首要目标是让孩子玩得开心并享受运动）准确概括了该段的中心思想，与后文形成“观点+解释”的关系。故D正确。 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Old Mr. Jenkins lived alone in the small gray house at the end of our street. Every morning on my way to school, I watched him struggle to carry his trash bin to the garbage collection point, his back bent like a question mark. He rarely spoke to anyone. When kids waved at him, he would just nod and look away. The neighborhood kids whispered that he was easily angry and mean. I believed them, until one cold winter day changed everything. My bike chain broke on the icy sidewalk, and I fell hard, scraping (刮擦) my knee against the frozen ground. The pain shot through my leg like a knife. Tears welled up in my eyes as I sat there, cold and helpless, watching the snow fall. Suddenly, I heard footsteps crunching on the fresh snow. It was Mr. Jenkins, moving with difficulty toward me with his wooden walking stick. His face, usually so serious, now showed something else—worry? “Come inside, boy,” he said, his voice rough but not unkind. I hesitated for a moment, but the burning pain in my knee convinced me to follow him. His house was surprisingly warm and smelled of cinnamon (肉桂). He led me to a worn armchair by the fireplace and carefully cleaned my wound with gentle, practiced hands. His touch was surprisingly soft. Then he brought me a steaming cup of hot chocolate and a plate of homemade cookies. “You’re the first visitor I’ve had in months,” he admitted quietly, staring into his own cup. I learned that his wife had passed away two years ago, and his children lived far away. That afternoon, I stayed for hours, listening to his stories about the old days—his job at the factory, the tree he planted for his wife, the summer they caught a huge fish. When I finally left, he walked me to the door. “Come back anytime,” he said, almost shyly. I smiled and promised I would. As I walked home, I realized that the unfriendly old man everyone talked about was actually the kindest person I had ever met. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Every week after that, I visited Mr. Jenkins. _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ One spring morning, I found a small package on my doorstep. __________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One possible version: Every week after that, I visited Mr. Jenkins. I would bring him small gifts — fresh bread, a book, or just my company. We sat by the fireplace, and he told me more stories about his youth. In return, I helped him carry the trash bin and fix things around the house. Slowly, his serious face softened into smiles more often. The neighborhood kids were surprised to see us laughing together. I told them the truth: he was never mean, just lonely. Our friendship grew stronger with each visit, filling his gray house with warmth and laughter. One spring morning, I found a small package on my doorstep. Inside was a wooden birdhouse, beautifully carved, with my name on the bottom. A note read: “For the boy who brought light back into my life. — Mr. Jenkins.” I ran to his house, only to find it empty. The new owner told me he had moved to live with his daughter. I never saw him again, but I kept that birdhouse in my room for years. Every time I looked at it, I remembered that kindness has no age — and that one small act can change everything. 【导语】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个原本被邻里孩子认为“脾气差、刻薄”的独居老人詹金斯先生，在一个寒冷的冬日主动帮助了摔伤膝盖的“我”。在老人温暖的家中，“我”发现他其实是一个善良、孤独、渴望陪伴的人。两人因此建立了深厚的友谊。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“从那以后，我每周都去看望詹金斯先生”可知，第一段应描写“我”与老人之间双向的付出与陪伴：老人讲故事，“我”帮忙做家务，老人逐渐变得开朗，邻里孩子也改变了对他的看法。 ② 由第二段首句“一个春天的早晨，我在家门口发现了一个小包裹”可知，第二段应描写老人留下的礼物及其背后的情感，同时交代老人的离开，并以“我”的感悟收尾，升华“善意与陪伴”的主题。 2. 续写线索： 每周探望 → 带礼物 + 帮忙做家务 → 老人笑容变多 → 邻居孩子改变看法 → 春天收到包裹 → 木制鸟屋 + 留言 → 老人已搬走 → “我”珍藏礼物 → 感悟：善意无年龄，小事可改变一切 3. 词汇激活： 行为类：brought him small gifts（带小礼物）、helped him carry（帮他搬运）、softened into smiles（柔和成笑容）、kept that birdhouse（保留那个鸟屋） 情绪类：surprised（惊讶的）、warmth and laughter（温暖与欢笑）、kindness has no age（善意不分年龄） 4. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] I told them the truth: he was never mean, just lonely.（运用冒号引出解释，简洁有力地揭示了老人刻薄外表下的真实内心——孤独。） [高分句型2] Every time I looked at it, I remembered that kindness has no age — and that one small act can change everything.（运用“Every time”引导时间状语从句，以及两个“that”引导的宾语从句，破折号后的内容起到强调和升华主题的作用。） That birdhouse still hangs there today, a reminder that behind every lonely door may be a heart waiting to be opened.（结尾句以具体物件“鸟屋”承载抽象主题，“a reminder that...”结构自然引出全文主旨，富有哲理且余韵悠长） 1 / 5 ( zxxk.com )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $A critical night, one critical night, a cigarette fell on a carpet in an old construction. Flames spread quickly, trapping a Young woman in a bathroom. SHE began to scream in chokhani moke her dog bark, alerted a neighbour who called an ambuLance. Firefighters arrived, extended their letters and released her with only minor burns. Dozens of neighbours gathered outside. Automatic water sprayers had already contained the fire. After the rescue, a journalist investigated the cause. Her factual report contradicted false online rumours. For instance, some claimed the building had no alarms, but witnesses confirmed otherwise. The common y's priority became fire safety, a local brand sponsored free alarms, taiLoring them to each household. Curiosity drove many to join a safety group, and membership quickly mounted. In conclusion, the disaster brought to light the need for Better safety measures. The minimum lost boosted unity to its maximum. The unspeakable bond in four ninety B, C, the first marathon was born many centuries later. Solidarity still defines the sport. At a half marathon venue, an amateur unna named leo prepared for the session. His motto was, no boundaries is too high. The chairman of the sports council gave a brief remark on humanity and dignity. Then the race proceeded. Leo gradually ascended a small hill. Suddenly he twisted his ankle pain, shot through his waste and chest, so he clenched his fist. He could have complained, but instead he chose humility and unselfish determination. His fellow runners applauded his courage afterwards. A trend of support pod from the crowd in the league of amateur athletes. Such moments rank higher than any metal because of his faith and joint effort, leo handle the pain. Diverse racial backgrounds meant nothing. Now only solidarity mattered. The flame of the marathon burned bright with the arrival of the final kilometre leo cross the finish line. A cruel remark from an opposing runner went below the belt, but leo did not react with anger. He simply smiled literally. His iron will had turned a hurdle into Victory.