考前押题04 阅读表达常考话题（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材冀教版

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语阅读表达8大常考话题，以生活实际与社会热点为载体，系统覆盖细节理解、推理判断及开放表达，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |季节天气等8话题|每话题3篇真题短文|含细节题、推理题及开放观点题|从具体现象（如24节气）到应用拓展（如灾害防范），构建"话题-语篇-能力"逻辑链|

专题04 阅读表达常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护（常考点） 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 （常考点） 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 （常考点） 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Do you know the Chinese 24 Solar Terms? Can you say all of them? The 24 Solar Terms are part of the traditional Chinese culture. Chinese people began to use it to predict (预测) the weather a long time ago. It was very useful because most people made their living by farming (耕作) at that time. How did Chinese people create the 24 Solar Terms in ancient times? Clever Chinese people studied the sun’s movement and other natural changes. In the Shang Dynasty, people divided a year into four parts, so there were four solar terms. In the Zhou Dynasty, there were eight solar terms. In the Han Dynasty, people finally used 24 solar terms to divide a year. Each year started with the Start of Spring and ended with the Major Cold. There were four seasons every year and each season had six solar terms. Even today, people still use the 24 Solar Terms. For example, during the Awakening of Insects (惊蛰), the warm weather is coming and farmers should get busy working. 1．What did Chinese people use the 24 Solar Terms to do a long time ago? 2．How did Chinese people create the 24 Solar Terms? 3．How many solar terms were there in the Zhou Dynasty? 4．When did people use 24 solar terms to divide a year? 5．Pick out 2 names of solar terms from the 5 expressions below. (Grain Rain, Light Rain, Start of Summer, Cold Dew, Cold Wind) Passage 2 China is a very big country. So there are many different kinds of weather. In some places the winter can be freezing. Shenyang is near the Great Wall. Sometimes the temperature can fall to -40℃ there. In other places, in the middle of China, it is often very hot. Nanjing is sometimes 40℃. In Beijing, winter is from December to March. It is usually dry and there is heavy snow. But the sun often shines. Summer is different. It is often very rainy and very hot. Spring and autumn are the best seasons. It is sometimes quite hot in the day but the evenings are cool. In Guangzhou, the weather is often very hot in summer. The winters are short and cool. It sometimes rains. In the middle of China, summers are long and hot and wet. In Wuhan, it is often hot from April to October. The winters are different: cold, wet and not very long. Urumqi becomes very hot and dry in summer. Turpan is sometimes 47℃. The winters are different. Urumqi is usually about -10℃ in January, but the temperature can sometimes fall to -40℃. 1．How many cities are there in the passage? 2．Which city is near the Great Wall? 3．How long does winter last (持续) in Beijing? 4．What is the feature (特征) of winters in Wuhan? 5．Is it cold in winter in Urumqi? Passage 3 （25-26·山东青岛·期中） Happy Rain on a Spring Night. — Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute, it moistens each thing. — Translated by Xu Yuanchong This famous poem was written by Du Fu (712 — 770, the Tang Dynasty) when he lived and farmed in Chengdu. His farming experience (经验) taught him to be thankful to nature. This poem is mainly about the good rain in spring. The first word, “good”, shows the poet’s (诗人) joy and love for the spring rain. The rain knows the right time to come, so it is good. Here the poet uses personification. It seems that the rain is so smart that it comes in time for the farmer’s busy season. When the rain comes, it happens during the night without making any noise in spring. Different from the summer storms, the spring rain finishes its work quietly. 1．Who translated the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night? 2．What did Du Fu’s farming experience teach him? 3．Which word means “拟人化” in Paragraph 2? 4．Is the spring rain similar to the summer storms? 5．Why does Du Fu think the rain is good? 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Hello, everyone. I am a fireman. Today I want to tell you what to do when there is a fire. It is important for us to protect ourselves and keep safe. First, if something catches fire, don’t panic. Keep calm. If your clothes are on fire, don’t run. Drop to the ground and roll. This can stop the fire quickly. Stay away from smoke and heat. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth if possible. Don’t go back into the room. Never play with fire, knives or stoves. Be careful when you turn on the gas. Careless actions often cause fires and injuries. If you can’t put out the fire, call for help right away. Go out quickly and cross the street to a safe place. Don’t hurt yourselves. Everyone should learn first aid and know how to keep safe. In short, follow these rules. We can keep away from danger and protect ourselves well. 1．What should we do if something catches fire? 2．What is the purpose of “drop and roll” when we are on fire? 3．What may happen if we are careless when using gas or stoves? 4．What should we do if we cannot put out the fire by ourselves? 5．Do you think it is necessary for every student to learn first aid? Why? Passage 2 （2026·河北唐山·一模）Do you like traveling by bike? Bike-riding is fun and good for our health. But it can be dangerous on the road. Here are some ways to ride safely. Never use your mobile phone when you are riding. When you look at your phone on your bike, it’s dangerous because it keeps you from paying attention to the road and the people around you. This can cause accidents. In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine (罚款). So don’t use your phone when you are riding. Don’t change direction suddenly. Tell others what you are going to do before you do it. You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction. Make sure others know that you have seen them. Then change your direction safely. If you don’t, you may hit a car. Check your bike often. It’s important for your safety. Also, check the brakes (刹车) to make sure they work well. If the brakes don’t work, you can’t stop your bike when riding. It’s very dangerous. You need to follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and go at green lights. Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars. If we follow these rules, we can ride safely and keep others safe, too. 1．What may happen if we are caught using a mobile phone while cycling in some places? 2．How can we change our direction correctly? 3．Why can’t we ride on the motorway? 4．How many ways does the writer introduce for riding safely? 5．What else can we do to be safe when riding a bike? (Your answer should be different from that in the text.) Passage 3 （2026·河北·模拟预测）Thanks to the Internet and social media, information can now be shared with people around the world in seconds. However, some people are using this power to spread deepfakes. A deepfake is a fake (伪造) video, image or audio clip (片段) created by AI. Deepfakes can look real. Some people may use them to spread lies or harm someone’s reputation. How can we tell deepfakes and protect ourselves? These tips might help. How to find a deepfake: Check the details in the image or video. Is the light and shadow normal? Are there strange edges or even people with extra (多余的) fingers? Also, pay attention to people’s mouths. In a deepfake video, people’s mouths may not match correctly with the words they are saying. Check to see who has uploaded the source. If not, see if you can find the same information from a trusted one. How to protect yourself from deepfakes: Don’t share deepfakes. Otherwise, you could be breaking the law. It’s illegal to make or share such deepfakes. Be careful when sharing personal information and pictures online. If you find a deepfake on social media, report it to the platform. If you need more advice, ask a trusted adult for help. In short, we live in the Internet Age. We should make good use of the Internet and make the network serve us, especially when sharing or receiving information. 1．What is a deepfake? 2．Why should we pay attention to people’s mouths when trying to find a deepfake? 3．How can we find a deepfake?（List at least two points) 4．What should we do if we find a deepfake on social media? 5．Do you think we should share information on social media freely? Why or why not? 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 Do you know about yoga (瑜伽)? It is a popular sport, and many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practising it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal (治愈) themselves quickly. So they started to copy their movements (动作) and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practising yoga. That’s because yoga has many good points (好处). According to NHS England, yoga can make you stronger and help you have a good sleep. What’s more, yoga is suitable for everyone. Young kids or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practises yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting hurt,” he says. After learning the facts about yoga, you must hope to start practising it now. There are some tips (建议) for you. First of all, wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. Second, eat on time. Don’t eat anything two to four hours before doing yoga. Third, have fun and enjoy it. You can play music while doing yoga, or practise outside in a park. Last, keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, three times a week will be OK, too. 根据短文内容按要求完成下列问题。 1．When did people in India start to practise yoga? 2．Can middle school students practise yoga? 3．How long is it good for a person to practise yoga in a day? 4．According to the passage, find out two good points of practising yoga. 5．What sports do you like? Why? Passage 2 These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet (互联网) -good food, nice clothes, interesting vacations and so on. Now, showing the number of steps is becoming popular, too. Why? People are finding it important to be healthy. To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step counter (计步) app in their phones to see how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo. This can make them learn from others and keep exercising. “In the past, I was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends,” Mr. Wu says. “This helps me to exercise more and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu says. “I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.” Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. It can help people have a good habit of walking. Besides, showing the number can make people interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously (认真的) . 1．What do people show on the internet these years? 2．According to the second paragraph, why do some people show the number of steps on WeChat or Weibo? 3．What can we infer (推断) about Mr. Wu from his words? 4．What does the writer think of walking? (One example is OK) 5．What do you usually do to keep healthy? Why? Passage 3 The Olympic Games have a long history. The ancient Olympic Games began in Greece and lasted for over a thousand years, until 394 AD．They were very different from the Olympics we have today. In ancient times, only the Greeks took part in the Olympics, and women were not allowed to join or even watch them. The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece in 1896. Every four years, athletes from all over the world take part in different sports at the Olympics. Many of these athletes are women. A large group of athletes at the Olympics take part in track and field events. Track events, such as running, test a person’s speed. Field events, such as the high jump, long jump and shot put, test how high or far someone can jump or throw an object. One of the most exciting events in the Olympics is the 100-metre race. More than one hundred years ago, the world record for the men’s 100-metre race was 10.6 seconds. However, athletes have run faster and faster over the years. In 1960, the record was 10 seconds. Then at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the record was set at 9.69 seconds. The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” is what the Olympics are all about. 1．Where were the first modern Olympics held? 2．What is the purpose of track events such as running? 3．What is one of the most exciting events in the Olympics? 4．What does the writer think the Olympics are all about? 5．What do you think is the Olympic spirit? 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 In my daily life, I find that rules are here and there. They help me live and study better. And they play an important role (作用) in keeping me healthy too. Let’s talk about eating first. There are rules for what and when I should eat. Eating healthy food is really important. I eat more vegetables and fruits with every meal. After all, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Hamburgers and ice-cream taste great, but I can’t have them too often. They are junk food. Also, I always have my meals on time. Eating breakfast is very important. It gives me energy in the morning. If I don’t eat breakfast, I’ll feel hungry and can’t focus on (专注于) my studies. Exercise also has its rules. I need to exercise regularly. It’s good to exercise three or four times a week. I usually run, swim, use an exercise app or play ball games. When I run, I start slowly and then go fast. I also warm up before exercising. This helps me not to get hurt. And I never exercise too much because maybe it is bad for my health. Following these rules about eating and exercising, I stay healthy. I have more energy and can do better in school. In short, rules help me take good care of myself. I always follow them to be healthy and happy. 根据语篇内容, 按要求回答问题 1．What helps the writer live and study better? 2．How many rules are there in the text? 3．Why is eating breakfast important? 4．How often is it good to exercise? 5．Can you think of any other rules that can help us keep healthy? Please give one example. Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·山东聊城·期中）Recently, China made a new rule for food delivery riders (外卖骑手). This rule brings big changes to their work and makes it safer. First, riders cannot take orders for more than 4 hours without a break. The platform will stop sending them new tasks, and they must rest for 20 minutes. Second, their electric bikes cannot go faster than 15 kilometers per hour. This helps them ride more carefully. Many students who often order takeout think this rule is really good. Before the new rule, some riders rushed through red lights to finish orders on time. This caused many traffic accidents. Riders were often very tired and in danger on the road. Some people worry that deliveries (派送) will become slower. Customers might wait longer for their food. But most people believe safety is more important than speed. With the 20-minute break, riders can rest and feel less tired. With slower bikes, they can avoid dangers and stay safe. Everyone should understand and support this new rule. Next time our food is a little late, we should be patient. The safety of delivery riders is far more valuable than ________. This rule not only protects riders but also teaches us to care about others. It shows that people’s safety always comes first. 1．How many minutes must riders rest after working for 4 hours? 2．What speed cannot electric bikes go faster than? 3．What did some riders rushing through red lights cause before the new rule? 4．What should we do when our food is a little late according to the passage? 5．Complete the sentence in paragraph 5 with proper words. Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Do you put up your hand when you want to speak in class? If so, you have followed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up your hand. They can also be as complicated (复杂的) as knowing when you are “out” in a game. Rules can be made by anyone. Parents make rules to help children grow up healthily. Rules at home might include washing dishes or cleaning rooms. Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe. Putting up your hand before asking a question helps the class pay attention to the lesson. Students make rules in games to make sure that they can play without fighting. Rules can be changed often. If you change your minds, you can change the rules. Laws are rules too, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives (被选出的代表). Voters (选民) allow their representatives to make laws that can protect people’s rights, safety and make sure everyone can be treated fairly. Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones. The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment (处罚) for breaking them. If you break a rule, your punishment might be small, like losing a turn in a game. However, if a person breaks an important law, the punishment might be a fine (罚款) or time in prison. Rules and laws keep everyone safe. People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws. 1．Can anyone make rules? 2．Who makes rules to help students learn and stay safe? 3．Why do representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones? 4．What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws? 5．How can people live together in peace? 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell made a great invention—the telephone. For the first time in history, people could talk to someone far away just like they were in the same room. But today, phones can do much more than just make calls! The story of mobile phones began with two-way radios. These early devices (设备) had a big problem—they only worked when people were close to each other. In the 1940s, smart scientists found a way. They built tall radio towers across the country to pass signals (信号) easily. Everything changed in 1973 when Dr. Martin Cooper made the first real mobile phone call. During the 1980s, mobile phones became smaller but were still very expensive. Only rich business people could afford them, and the phones looked like big plastic bricks. Now we have smartphones—like powerful mini-computers in our pockets. We use them to take photos, watch videos, play games, and even help with housework! Messaging apps let us send videos and long messages easily. While phones help us stay connected, some people worry that we spend too much time on them. 1．When did Alexander Graham Bell invent the telephone? 2．Why did scientists build tall radio towers in the 1940s? 3．Who made the first real mobile phone call? 4．How can smartphones help us in our lives? (Give two examples.) 5．What do you think the future phones might be like? Passage 2 Are Home Robots a Good Idea? There are many types of home robots on the market today. They can perform many tasks, such as carrying drinks and playing music. A kind of robot can even be controlled when the owner isn’t at home. It can be used to check on pets and people, or whether the oven is left on. Other home robots can be used to do chores and more. Do you think home robots are a good idea? Emily: Yes! Home robots can help with chores around the house. This gives people more time to do the things they enjoy. Home robots can also make people feel safer in their houses. For example, they can alert the owner when there is a water leak or a broken window. They can keep an eye on pets or young children. What’s more, home robots can accompany people and make them feel less lonely. They can also help people stay in touch with other people. Lucas: No! Doing housework helps us stay active and healthy. If home robots do everything for us, we’ll become lazy. Even worse, we will forget how to do certain tasks. If home robots break down, we may not be able to clean our home or cook for ourselves. Lots of people have already relied on phones for navigation (导航) and can’t read maps. Also, many home robots have cameras and microphones. They may record lots of information about us, including our conversations, and even invade (侵犯) our privacy. 1．Can the home robot bring drinks to people? 2．In Emily’s opinion, can home robots help out with chores around the house? 3．What problems may home robots with cameras and microphones cause? 4．If a family has pets and young children, which person’s opinion will the family probably support more? (Give one reason.) 5．Do you think home robots are a good idea? Why or why not? Passage 3 Do you often find it difficult to understand some ancient expressions? Now, an intelligent ancient language processing (处理) tool may give a hand. China has shown its first intelligent tool, “Xunzi”, for the processing and research of ancient books. It is a large language model (模型) of almost all ancient books, including the Siku Quanshu, and collects more than 2 billion words of modern Chinese. The research team named the language model after Xunzi, an ancient Chinese philosopher (哲学家) from the Warring States Period. During its research, the team found that he was not only a great philosopher, but also a pioneer in linguistics (语言学先驱). “The research on traditional (传统的) Chinese classics is a work that takes a lot of time and hard work for experts, not to mention for common learners. So turning ancient texts into modern Chinese is one of its most important uses,” said Wang Dongbo, who headed the research team. With the language model, researchers can quickly summarize an ancient text. They can know about the topic of an ancient book as well. What’s more, the model can get key information from ancient texts, such as characters, events and places, and organize them. Besides, the model can also “create” ancient poems that follow the rules of ancient poetry creation according to the key words given by the users. This offers inspiration for poem lovers. The large language model has been shared on websites such as GitHub.com and ModelScope.cn. People can use it for free. “Although developing it took a great deal of hard work and money, we still share it for free with the purpose of encouraging more people to study and pay attention to traditional Chinese culture,” Wang said. 1．What makes it possible for “Xunzi” to process ancient Chinese books? 2．What does paragraph 2 talk about? 3．How many uses of “Xunzi” are mentioned in the passage? 4．What may “Xunzi” bring to traditional Chinese culture from the last paragraph? 5．What would you like to use “Xunzi” to do? And why? 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Huck and Tom were good friends, and they both cared about Jim very much. They heard that Jim was locked up in a small hut and decided to save him. At first, they planned to take the key from the old man after he fell asleep. But Tom did not like this easy way. He loved exciting adventures, so he refused the easy plan and wanted to try something difficult. One dark night, the two boys walked to the hut quietly. Huck found a high window and thought Jim could run away through it. But Tom shook his head and said, “We need a harder way and we do not want to hurry.” Then they decided to dig a tunnel under the hut. They used shovels and worked really hard the whole night until they broke through the ground. They went through the tunnel and saw Jim at once. A chain tied Jim to the bed and he looked very happy to see them. Huck wanted to cut the chain right away, but Tom stopped him quickly. “That is not how people do it in storybooks,” Tom said in a loud voice. Later, Uncle Silas put an ad in the newspaper to look for Jim’s owner. Huck was quite afraid because he worried that Jim would be sold to other places far away. That night, some men came to visit Uncle Silas. Huck and Tom took a sharp saw and ran back to the hut as fast as they could. Huck started to cut the chain, but Tom still insisted on doing it in a special way, just like the stories he read. ——Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1．What was their first plan to save Jim? 2．Why did Tom refuse the easy plan? 3．How long did it take them to dig the tunnel? 4．How did they see Jim? 5．What is Tom like in your eyes? Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Are you curious about the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? You can read science fiction! Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. But what makes it so popular? Science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot helpers. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens (外星人) and other worlds. Science-fiction writers and their works can encourage us to create the future. For example, in 1945, a science-fiction writer Arthur C． Clarke wrote about space stations. In the article, he also predicted that people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Surprisingly, the short story gave people the idea for the internet! Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many science-fiction stories happen in imaginary (想象的) worlds, they can help us better understand the real world. They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world. What will the future be like? Science fiction gives us ideas and helps us to understand what it could be like. 根据上面短文内容回答问题（字数不超过10个单词）。 1．What chance does science fiction give us? 2．What did Arthur C． Clarke write about in 1945? 3．Where do many science-fiction stories happen? 4．How can science fiction make us feel when life is boring? 5．What do you think of science fiction? 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 Money doesn’t grow on trees. Kids seldom know where money comes from. Our parents work hard to make money, and it can run out one day. Visiting their workplaces lets us know money is not easy to get. We shouldn’t spend all money at once. Having a budget is important. It means we need to think about our money and what we really want to buy. Pocket money can’t buy everything, so we should spend wisely. We should set a clear goal and save money. For example, if we want a new bike but can’t afford it, we can save pocket money. Write down our money in a notebook and watch it grow. When we have enough money, we can buy the bike we want. Reaching the goal makes us happy. We can talk with parents about how money is used and where it goes. We can also go to the supermarket with them to see real-life spending. We should use money rightly. Learning about money is not hard. From these lessons, we can learn money management and right values step by step. 1．Where does money come from according to the text? 2．What is a budget? 3．How can we get a bike we can’t afford? 4．What can we do to learn real-life spending? 5．Do you have pocket money? If you have enough pocket money, how will you use your money? Passage 2 Family money is something that everyone, including teenagers, should understand. Knowing how money works in a family is important because it can help teenagers make smarter choices and get ready for the future. Many teenagers might not think about it, but they can actually help their family with money matters. Ways to help family with money 1 Learn how to plan their spending. For example, if teenagers get some money every week, they can save part of it instead of spending it all right away. This helps them learn the value of money. 2 Be careful with how they use things at home. For example, turning off the lights when they leave a room can lower the family’s bills. Small actions like these can save a lot of money. 3 Learn about earning money. Some teenagers do small jobs or help with chores at home to earn extra money. This teaches them that money comes from hard work and helps them understand how to spend it wisely. Opinions （观点） on saving money Mike, 14 I used to spend all my pocket money on snacks and games, but now I save half of it. I think learning to save is necessary, and it’s cool to see my savings grow. I also help at home by doing chores, and I feel happy to contribute. Teenagers should start saving early, even if it’s just a small amount. It’s necessary for them to learn to save because over time, those savings can grow and help them achieve their goals, like buying a bike or paying for college. A financial expert In conclusion, teenagers can play a big role in family money matters. By learning to plan their spending, helping save money at home, and understanding how to earn money, they can help their family and prepare for their own future. 1．Why is knowing how money works in a family important? 2．How can teenagers help save money at home? 3．What does Mike do with his pocket money now? 4．What do the two people’s opinions have in common? 5．Do you have the habit of saving money? What do you think of it? Passage 3 Now you’re in a store with 100 yuan in your hand. There are all kinds of foods and drinks around you. How can you use maths to make smart choices and not spend too much? First, let’s look at discounts (折扣). Stores often have discounts like “30% off” or “Buy one, get one free”. Maths can help you find the better deal (交易). For example, a bottle of juice is 10 yuan. With 30% off, you only need to pay 7 yuan for one bottle. But if it’s “Buy one, get one free”, you get two bottles for 10 yuan, so each bottle is 5 yuan. In this way, “Buy one, get one free” is better! Next, think about sizes. Stores may sell the same thing in different sizes. Sometimes, bigger packs are cheaper (更便宜) for each unit. For example, a 250-gram (克) bag of chocolates costs 20 yuan, and a 1000-gram bag costs 70 yuan. If you do the maths, you’ll find that one gram costs 0.08 yuan in the small bag and 0.07 yuan in the big bag! So, the big bag is a better deal. Maths isn’t just for school. It’s also useful when you shop. With simple maths, you can save money and make better choices. By comparing prices and calculating unit costs, you can stretch your budget further. This practical skill helps you become a wise shopper and manage your money well in everyday life. 1．Is maths only useful at school? 2．In how many aspects (方面) can you use maths when shopping? 3．Which discount is a better deal for juice: “30% off” or “Buy one, get one free”? 4．How much does one gram of chocolate cost in the 1000-gram bag? 5．What is the main purpose of using maths when shopping? 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush on crowded stairs. Remember to run to the open ground away from street lights or power lines. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. Answer the questions according to the passage. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? 5．What can we learn from the passage? Passage 2 When disaster strikes, such as earthquakes, floods or fires, it’s important to know how to keep safe. Here are some safety tips for different disasters. First, for earthquakes. When an earthquake happens, if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture (家具) because they may fall down and hurt you. Don’t use the lift. If you are outdoors, you should stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. You should stand in an open area and wait for the earthquake to stop. Second, for floods. If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly. You should take important things with you, such as food, water and clothes. Don’t walk or drive through deep water because you may be washed away. Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous. Third, for fires. When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises. You should use the stairs instead of the lift. If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. Don’t jump out of the window unless it’s the only way to get out of a fire. It’s important to remember these safety methods. They can help us keep safe when disasters strike. 1．What should you do indoors when an earthquake happens? (两种情况即可得分) 2．If there is a flood, where should we move to? 3．Why shouldn’t we swim in floods? 4．How can you protect yourself from smoke if a fire breaks out? (两种情况即可得分) 5．What should you do if you cannot get out of a fire? 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读表达常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 1．To predict the weather. 2．By studying the sun’s movement and other natural changes. 3．Eight. 4．In the Han Dynasty. 5．Start of Summer, Cold Dew./Grain Rain, Start of Summer./Cold Dew, Grain Rain. Passage 2 1．There are seven cities (in the passage). 2．Shenyang is near the Great Wall. 3．It lasts four months (in Beijing). 4．Winters in Wuhan are cold, wet and not very long. 5．Yes, it is. Passage 3 1．Xu Yuanchong. 2．It taught him to be thankful to nature. 3．Personification. 4．No, it isn’t. 5．Because the rain knows the right time to come. 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 1．We should keep calm and not panic. 2．It can stop the fire quickly. 3．It may cause fires and injuries. 4．We should call for help right away and go to a safe place. 5．Yes, I think so. Because learning first aid helps us protect ourselves and stay safe when there is danger. Passage 2 1．We will have to pay a fine. 2．We can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before we change direction. 3．Because it’s for cars. 4．Four/5. 6．We should wear helmets when riding bikes. Passage 3 1．A fake video, image or audio clip created by AI. 2．Because in a deepfake video, people’s mouths may not match correctly with the words they are saying. 3．Check the details in the image or video and watch people’s mouths. 4．Report it to the platform. 5．No. Because the information may be untrue./No. Because we should be careful. 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 1．Around 5,000 years ago. 2．Yes, they can. 3．For 30 minutes. 4．It can make you stronger and help you have a good sleep. 5．I like running. Because it makes me healthy. Passage 2 1．They show good food, nice clothes, interesting vacations, and the number of steps. 2．Because this can make them learn from others and keep exercising. 3．He was lazy in the past, but now he likes to exercise with his friends. 4．It’s a relaxing and useful way to exercise. / It can help people have a good habit of walking. 5．I usually play basketball to keep healthy. Because it can make me energetic and happy. Passage 3 1．In Athens, Greece. 2．To test a person’s speed. 3．It is the 100-metre race. 4．The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” 5．Never give up./To be the best./To have the challenge./To compete fairly. 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 1．Rules help the writer live and study better. 2．There are two main rules about eating and exercise in the text. 3．Because it gives the writer energy in the morning and helps him/her focus on studies. 4．It’s good to exercise three or four times a week. 5．I always go to bed early and get up early. Passage 2 1．They must rest for 20 minutes./(For) 20 minutes. 2．They cannot go faster than 15 kilometers per hour./15 kilometers per hour. 3．Many traffic accidents./It/This caused many traffic accidents./Traffic accidents. 4．We should be patient./Be patient. 5．a quick delivery/saving a little time/the speed of delivery/our own convenience Passage 3 1．Yes, he/she can. 2．Teachers. 3．Because laws cannot be changed often. 4．The punishment for breaking them. 5．By following rules and laws. 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 1．He invented the telephone in 2. 3．To pass signals easily. 4．Martin Cooper. 5．Take photos and watch videos. 6．They may be smaller and smarter. Passage 2 1．Yes, it can. 2．Yes, they can. 3．They may record people’s information and invade their privacy. 4．Emily. Because home robots can keep an eye on pets and young children. 5．Yes. Because they can help us do chores and make our lives easier. Passage 3 1．It is a large language model of almost all ancient books (including the Siku Quanshu) and collects more than 2 billion words of modern Chinese. 2．The origin of the name of the language model (named after Xunzi, an ancient Chinese philosopher and linguistics pioneer). 3．Four. 4．It can encourage more people to study and pay attention to traditional Chinese culture. 5． I would like to use it to translate ancient poems into modern Chinese. Because it can help me understand the meaning and beauty of ancient poems easily. 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 1．To take the key from the old man after he fell asleep. 2．Because he loved exciting adventures. 3．The whole night. 4．They went through the tunnel. 5．He is creative and likes adventures./He likes following storybook ways. Passage 2 1．To imagine what our future will be like. 2．Space stations. 3．In imaginary worlds. 4．Excited. 5．It is interesting and helpful. (合理即可) 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 1．Money comes from our parents’ hard work. 2．It means we need to think about our money and what we really want to buy. 3．We can save pocket money until we have enough money. 4．We can go to the supermarket with our parents to see real-life spending. 5．Yes, I do./No, I don’t. I will save some in my piggy and use some to buy something I like./I will give some money to people in need./I will buy my parents some presents./… Passage 2 1．Because it can help teenagers make smarter choices and get ready for the future. 2．They can help by being careful with how they use things at home. / They can turn off the lights when they leave a room. /... 3．He saves half of the money. 4．They both think learning to save is necessary. / They both think it’s necessary for teenagers to learn to save. /... 5．示例一：Yes, I do. I think saving money can help us develop a habit of making plans and we can use the money in the future. /... I think money comes from hard work and we should save it. /... I think saving money is important. /... 示例二：No, I don’t. I think we should use the money to buy things that we really need. /... Passage 3 1．No. 2．Two. 3．“Buy one, get one free.” 4．5.07 yuan. 6．To save money, make better choices, become a wise shopper and manage money well in everyday life. 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 1．No./ No, it isn’t. 2．Because accidents may happen when many people rush up crowded stairs. 3．We should keep calm, save our energy and try to find some food and water. 4．Our lives./The life./Life./The lives./Lives. 5．We should remember some advice to keep safe when an earthquake happens.(开放性试题，回答合理即可) Passage 2 1．Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift.（任选两种即可） 2．Higher ground. 3．Because it’s dangerous. 4．Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground. 5．Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读表达常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护（常考点） 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 （常考点） 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 （常考点） 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Do you know the Chinese 24 Solar Terms? Can you say all of them? The 24 Solar Terms are part of the traditional Chinese culture. Chinese people began to use it to predict (预测) the weather a long time ago. It was very useful because most people made their living by farming (耕作) at that time. How did Chinese people create the 24 Solar Terms in ancient times? Clever Chinese people studied the sun’s movement and other natural changes. In the Shang Dynasty, people divided a year into four parts, so there were four solar terms. In the Zhou Dynasty, there were eight solar terms. In the Han Dynasty, people finally used 24 solar terms to divide a year. Each year started with the Start of Spring and ended with the Major Cold. There were four seasons every year and each season had six solar terms. Even today, people still use the 24 Solar Terms. For example, during the Awakening of Insects (惊蛰), the warm weather is coming and farmers should get busy working. 1．What did Chinese people use the 24 Solar Terms to do a long time ago? 2．How did Chinese people create the 24 Solar Terms? 3．How many solar terms were there in the Zhou Dynasty? 4．When did people use 24 solar terms to divide a year? 5．Pick out 2 names of solar terms from the 5 expressions below. (Grain Rain, Light Rain, Start of Summer, Cold Dew, Cold Wind) 【答案】1．To predict the weather. 2．By studying the sun’s movement and other natural changes. 3．Eight. 4．In the Han Dynasty. 5．Start of Summer, Cold Dew./Grain Rain, Start of Summer./Cold Dew, Grain Rain. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气的起源、发展过程、古代用途以及现代应用。 1．根据第二段“Chinese people began to use it to predict the weather a long time ago.”可知，古代中国人用二十四节气来预测天气。 2．根据第三段“Clever Chinese people studied the sun’s movement and other natural changes.”可知，古代中国人通过研究太阳的运动和其他自然变化创造了二十四节气。 3．根据第三段“In the Zhou Dynasty, there were eight solar terms.”可知，周朝时有八个节气。 4．根据第三段“In the Han Dynasty, people finally used 24 solar terms to divide a year.”可知，汉朝时人们开始用二十四个节气来划分一年。 5．根据二十四节气常识：Grain Rain（谷雨）、Start of Summer（立夏）、Cold Dew（寒露）是节气名称。Light Rain和Cold Wind不是标准的节气名称。题目要求从所给5个表达中选出2个，应选择明确属于二十四节气的“Start of Summer”和“Cold Dew”或“Grain Rain”。 Passage 2 China is a very big country. So there are many different kinds of weather. In some places the winter can be freezing. Shenyang is near the Great Wall. Sometimes the temperature can fall to -40℃ there. In other places, in the middle of China, it is often very hot. Nanjing is sometimes 40℃. In Beijing, winter is from December to March. It is usually dry and there is heavy snow. But the sun often shines. Summer is different. It is often very rainy and very hot. Spring and autumn are the best seasons. It is sometimes quite hot in the day but the evenings are cool. In Guangzhou, the weather is often very hot in summer. The winters are short and cool. It sometimes rains. In the middle of China, summers are long and hot and wet. In Wuhan, it is often hot from April to October. The winters are different: cold, wet and not very long. Urumqi becomes very hot and dry in summer. Turpan is sometimes 47℃. The winters are different. Urumqi is usually about -10℃ in January, but the temperature can sometimes fall to -40℃. 1．How many cities are there in the passage? 2．Which city is near the Great Wall? 3．How long does winter last (持续) in Beijing? 4．What is the feature (特征) of winters in Wuhan? 5．Is it cold in winter in Urumqi? 【答案】1．There are seven cities (in the passage). 2．Shenyang is near the Great Wall. 3．It lasts four months (in Beijing). 4．Winters in Wuhan are cold, wet and not very long. 5．Yes, it is. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国因地域辽阔而气候多样，并说明了国内多个不同城市各季节的气候特征。 1．统计文中提到的城市：沈阳、南京、北京、广州、武汉、吐鲁番、乌鲁木齐，一共7座城市。 2．第二段“Shenyang is near the Great Wall.”指出沈阳靠近长城。因此答案是原文直接信息。 3．第三段“In Beijing, winter is from December to March.”说明北京冬季从12月到次年3月，共持续4个月。 4．倒数第二段“In Wuhan...The winters are different: cold, wet and not very long.”直接给出武汉冬季的特征是寒冷、潮湿且持续时间不长。因此答案是原文直接信息。 5．最后一段“The winters are different. Urumqi is usually about -10℃ in January, but the temperature can sometimes fall to -40℃.”指出乌鲁木齐冬季一月通常为-10℃，有时可达-40℃，因此是寒冷的，作肯定回答。 Passage 3 （25-26·山东青岛·期中） Happy Rain on a Spring Night. — Du Fu Good rain knows its time right; It will fall when comes spring. With wind it steals in night; Mute, it moistens each thing. — Translated by Xu Yuanchong This famous poem was written by Du Fu (712 — 770, the Tang Dynasty) when he lived and farmed in Chengdu. His farming experience (经验) taught him to be thankful to nature. This poem is mainly about the good rain in spring. The first word, “good”, shows the poet’s (诗人) joy and love for the spring rain. The rain knows the right time to come, so it is good. Here the poet uses personification. It seems that the rain is so smart that it comes in time for the farmer’s busy season. When the rain comes, it happens during the night without making any noise in spring. Different from the summer storms, the spring rain finishes its work quietly. 1．Who translated the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night? 2．What did Du Fu’s farming experience teach him? 3．Which word means “拟人化” in Paragraph 2? 4．Is the spring rain similar to the summer storms? 5．Why does Du Fu think the rain is good? 【答案】1．Xu Yuanchong. 2．It taught him to be thankful to nature. 3．Personification. 4．No, it isn’t. 5．Because the rain knows the right time to come. 【导语】本文介绍了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》，包括诗歌的翻译、创作背景及赏析，展现了诗人对春雨的喜爱之情。 1．诗歌下方的标注“— Translated by Xu Yuanchong”，说明这首诗的译者是许渊冲，直接提取。 2．第一段“His farming experience (经验) taught him to be thankful to nature.”，说明农耕经历教会了杜甫感恩自然，直接提取。 3．第二段“Here the poet uses personification. It seems that the rain is so smart that it comes in time for the farmer’s busy season.”，提到了雨似乎很聪明，因此personification的意思是“拟人化”，直接提取。 4．最后一段“Different from the summer storms, the spring rain finishes its work quietly.”，明确说明春雨与夏季的暴风雨不同，此处作否定回答。 5．第二段“The rain knows the right time to come, so it is good.”，说明杜甫认为雨好，是因为它知时而降，直接提取。 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Hello, everyone. I am a fireman. Today I want to tell you what to do when there is a fire. It is important for us to protect ourselves and keep safe. First, if something catches fire, don’t panic. Keep calm. If your clothes are on fire, don’t run. Drop to the ground and roll. This can stop the fire quickly. Stay away from smoke and heat. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth if possible. Don’t go back into the room. Never play with fire, knives or stoves. Be careful when you turn on the gas. Careless actions often cause fires and injuries. If you can’t put out the fire, call for help right away. Go out quickly and cross the street to a safe place. Don’t hurt yourselves. Everyone should learn first aid and know how to keep safe. In short, follow these rules. We can keep away from danger and protect ourselves well. 1．What should we do if something catches fire? 2．What is the purpose of “drop and roll” when we are on fire? 3．What may happen if we are careless when using gas or stoves? 4．What should we do if we cannot put out the fire by ourselves? 5．Do you think it is necessary for every student to learn first aid? Why? 【答案】1．We should keep calm and not panic. 2．It can stop the fire quickly. 3．It may cause fires and injuries. 4．We should call for help right away and go to a safe place. 5．Yes, I think so. Because learning first aid helps us protect ourselves and stay safe when there is danger. 【导语】本文主要讲述了消防员介绍的火灾自救及安全防护知识，包括起火后的应对方法、日常安全注意事项等，旨在帮助人们学会保护自己、远离危险。 【详解】100．首段直接给出了起火后的应对建议：“First, if something catches fire, don’t panic. Keep calm”。这是原文中的直接信息，因此答案是：We should keep calm and not panic. 1．第二段明确说明“Drop to the ground and roll. This can stop the fire quickly”。这是原文中对“drop and roll”作用的直接描述，直接提取信息：It can stop the fire quickly. 2．第三段直接指出“Careless actions often cause fires and injuries”，这里的“Careless actions”对应“using gas or stoves”时的疏忽行为。因此答案是原文引述：It may cause fires and injuries. 3．第四段直接给出了无法灭火时的应对方法：“If you can’t put out the fire, call for help right away. Go out quickly and cross the street to a safe place”。整合原文信息，答案是：We should call for help right away and go to a safe place. 4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。文中提到“Everyone should learn first aid and know how to keep safe”，结合这一内容可作答：Yes, I think so. Because learning first aid helps us protect ourselves and stay safe when there is danger. Passage 2 （2026·河北唐山·一模）Do you like traveling by bike? Bike-riding is fun and good for our health. But it can be dangerous on the road. Here are some ways to ride safely. Never use your mobile phone when you are riding. When you look at your phone on your bike, it’s dangerous because it keeps you from paying attention to the road and the people around you. This can cause accidents. In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine (罚款). So don’t use your phone when you are riding. Don’t change direction suddenly. Tell others what you are going to do before you do it. You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction. Make sure others know that you have seen them. Then change your direction safely. If you don’t, you may hit a car. Check your bike often. It’s important for your safety. Also, check the brakes (刹车) to make sure they work well. If the brakes don’t work, you can’t stop your bike when riding. It’s very dangerous. You need to follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and go at green lights. Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars. If we follow these rules, we can ride safely and keep others safe, too. 1．What may happen if we are caught using a mobile phone while cycling in some places? 2．How can we change our direction correctly? 3．Why can’t we ride on the motorway? 4．How many ways does the writer introduce for riding safely? 5．What else can we do to be safe when riding a bike? (Your answer should be different from that in the text.) 【答案】1．We will have to pay a fine. 2．We can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before we change direction. 3．Because it’s for cars. 4．Four/5. 6．We should wear helmets when riding bikes. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了骑自行车上路的四种安全骑行规则和注意事项。 1．文中第二段直接指出“In some places, it’s also against the law to use a mobile phone while riding. If you are caught, you will have to pay a fine.”，在部分地区骑车用手机被抓后需要缴纳罚款，因此答案是原文直接提取信息。 2．文中第三段直接指出“You can give people a sign, like looking around carefully before you change direction.”，因此答案是原文直接提取信息。 3．文中第五段直接指出“Don’t ride on the motorway (高速公路) because it’s for cars.”，高速公路是为汽车设置的，因此不能骑自行车上去。 4．通读文章可知，文章依次介绍了四条安全骑行方法：骑车不玩手机、不突然变向、经常检查自行车、遵守交通规则。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，题干要求答案不能与原文内容重复，需要结合生活常识自主作答，合理即可。 Passage 3 （2026·河北·模拟预测）Thanks to the Internet and social media, information can now be shared with people around the world in seconds. However, some people are using this power to spread deepfakes. A deepfake is a fake (伪造) video, image or audio clip (片段) created by AI. Deepfakes can look real. Some people may use them to spread lies or harm someone’s reputation. How can we tell deepfakes and protect ourselves? These tips might help. How to find a deepfake: Check the details in the image or video. Is the light and shadow normal? Are there strange edges or even people with extra (多余的) fingers? Also, pay attention to people’s mouths. In a deepfake video, people’s mouths may not match correctly with the words they are saying. Check to see who has uploaded the source. If not, see if you can find the same information from a trusted one. How to protect yourself from deepfakes: Don’t share deepfakes. Otherwise, you could be breaking the law. It’s illegal to make or share such deepfakes. Be careful when sharing personal information and pictures online. If you find a deepfake on social media, report it to the platform. If you need more advice, ask a trusted adult for help. In short, we live in the Internet Age. We should make good use of the Internet and make the network serve us, especially when sharing or receiving information. 1．What is a deepfake? 2．Why should we pay attention to people’s mouths when trying to find a deepfake? 3．How can we find a deepfake?（List at least two points) 4．What should we do if we find a deepfake on social media? 5．Do you think we should share information on social media freely? Why or why not? 【答案】1．A fake video, image or audio clip created by AI. 2．Because in a deepfake video, people’s mouths may not match correctly with the words they are saying. 3．Check the details in the image or video and watch people’s mouths. 4．Report it to the platform. 5．No. Because the information may be untrue./No. Because we should be careful. 【导语】本文介绍了AI制造的深度伪造 (deepfake) 是什么、如何辨别、如何防范，并呼吁大家合理使用网络。 1．第二段直接给出了deepfake的定义，“A deepfake is a fake video, image or audio clip created by AI.”可直接得出答案。 2．第三段明确说明，“In a deepfake video, people’s mouths may not match correctly with the words they are saying.”原文细节直接提取，解释关注人物嘴巴的原因。 3．从第三段提取辨别深度伪造的方法，根据文中“Check the details…pay attention to people’s mouths…Check who has uploaded the source…”任选两点即可。 4．第四段直接给出对应做法，“If you find a deepfake on social media, report it to the platform.”可直接得出答案。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点需基于文中网络信息安全、辨别虚假内容的内容，结合自身看法，理由合理、语句通顺即可。 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 Do you know about yoga (瑜伽)? It is a popular sport, and many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practising it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal (治愈) themselves quickly. So they started to copy their movements (动作) and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practising yoga. That’s because yoga has many good points (好处). According to NHS England, yoga can make you stronger and help you have a good sleep. What’s more, yoga is suitable for everyone. Young kids or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practises yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting hurt,” he says. After learning the facts about yoga, you must hope to start practising it now. There are some tips (建议) for you. First of all, wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. Second, eat on time. Don’t eat anything two to four hours before doing yoga. Third, have fun and enjoy it. You can play music while doing yoga, or practise outside in a park. Last, keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, three times a week will be OK, too. 根据短文内容按要求完成下列问题。 1．When did people in India start to practise yoga? 2．Can middle school students practise yoga? 3．How long is it good for a person to practise yoga in a day? 4．According to the passage, find out two good points of practising yoga. 5．What sports do you like? Why? 【答案】1．Around 5,000 years ago. 2．Yes, they can. 3．For 30 minutes. 4．It can make you stronger and help you have a good sleep. 5．I like running. Because it makes me healthy. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瑜伽的起源、练习瑜伽的好处以及给练习者的建议。 【详解】1．文章第二段中“People in India started practising it around 5,000 years ago.”表明，印度人开始练习瑜伽的时间是大约5000年前。 2．文章第三段中“What’s more, yoga is suitable for everyone. Young kids or old people, all can learn it.”表明，中学生也可以练习瑜伽。 3．文章第四段中“Do it for 30 minutes every day.”表明，一个人一天练习瑜伽30分钟比较好。 4．文章第三段中“yoga can make you stronger and help you have a good sleep.”是文中提到的两个瑜伽的好处。 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。根据个人喜好回答喜欢的运动及原因。例：I like running. Because it makes me healthy. Passage 2 These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet (互联网) -good food, nice clothes, interesting vacations and so on. Now, showing the number of steps is becoming popular, too. Why? People are finding it important to be healthy. To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step counter (计步) app in their phones to see how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo. This can make them learn from others and keep exercising. “In the past, I was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends,” Mr. Wu says. “This helps me to exercise more and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu says. “I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat.” Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. It can help people have a good habit of walking. Besides, showing the number can make people interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously (认真的) . 1．What do people show on the internet these years? 2．According to the second paragraph, why do some people show the number of steps on WeChat or Weibo? 3．What can we infer (推断) about Mr. Wu from his words? 4．What does the writer think of walking? (One example is OK) 5．What do you usually do to keep healthy? Why? 【答案】1．They show good food, nice clothes, interesting vacations, and the number of steps. 2．Because this can make them learn from others and keep exercising. 3．He was lazy in the past, but now he likes to exercise with his friends. 4．It’s a relaxing and useful way to exercise. / It can help people have a good habit of walking. 5．I usually play basketball to keep healthy. Because it can make me energetic and happy. 【导语】本文围绕“在互联网上晒步数”这一现象展开，分析了人们晒步数的原因、计步软件带来的积极影响，并提醒大家理性看待步数，强调走路是一种放松且有益的锻炼方式。 1．由文中“These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet-good food, nice clothes, interesting vacations and so on. Now, showing the number of steps is becoming popular, too.”可知，人们在互联网上展示美食、漂亮衣服、有趣的假期等各种事物，现在也开始展示步数。 2．由文中“This can make them learn from others and keep exercising.”可知，一些人在微信或微博上晒步数是为了向他人学习，坚持锻炼。 3．由文中“In the past, I was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends,”可知，吴先生过去有点懒，不想每天锻炼，使用计步软件后他开始和朋友一起锻炼，变得更积极了。 4．由文中“Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise.”或“It can help people have a good habit of walking.”或“showing the number can make people interested in walking”可知，作者认为走路是一种放松且有用的锻炼方式（或：它能帮助人们养成走路的好习惯；或：晒步数能让人们对走路感兴趣）。 5．根据实际情况，答案合理即可。 Passage 3 The Olympic Games have a long history. The ancient Olympic Games began in Greece and lasted for over a thousand years, until 394 AD．They were very different from the Olympics we have today. In ancient times, only the Greeks took part in the Olympics, and women were not allowed to join or even watch them. The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece in 1896. Every four years, athletes from all over the world take part in different sports at the Olympics. Many of these athletes are women. A large group of athletes at the Olympics take part in track and field events. Track events, such as running, test a person’s speed. Field events, such as the high jump, long jump and shot put, test how high or far someone can jump or throw an object. One of the most exciting events in the Olympics is the 100-metre race. More than one hundred years ago, the world record for the men’s 100-metre race was 10.6 seconds. However, athletes have run faster and faster over the years. In 1960, the record was 10 seconds. Then at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the record was set at 9.69 seconds. The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” is what the Olympics are all about. 1．Where were the first modern Olympics held? 2．What is the purpose of track events such as running? 3．What is one of the most exciting events in the Olympics? 4．What does the writer think the Olympics are all about? 5．What do you think is the Olympic spirit? 【答案】1．In Athens, Greece. 2．To test a person’s speed. 3．It is the 100-metre race. 4．The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger” 5．Never give up./To be the best./To have the challenge./To compete fairly. 【导语】本文介绍了古代和现代奥运会的起源与区别，介绍了田径赛事，讲述男子百米纪录不断被刷新，诠释了奥运更快、更高、更强的精神。         1．第二段明确提到“The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece in 1896”，直接提取地点。 2．第三段指出“Track events, such as running, test a person’s speed”，直接回答目的。 3．第四段首句提到“One of the most exciting events in the Olympics is the 100-metre race”，提取关键事件。 4．最后一段明确“The Olympic motto ‘Faster, Higher, Stronger’ is what the Olympics are all about”，直接引用即可。 5．本题是开放性试题，可围绕“追求卓越、尊重他人、促进友谊”展开，符合奥林匹克精神的核心内涵。 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 In my daily life, I find that rules are here and there. They help me live and study better. And they play an important role (作用) in keeping me healthy too. Let’s talk about eating first. There are rules for what and when I should eat. Eating healthy food is really important. I eat more vegetables and fruits with every meal. After all, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Hamburgers and ice-cream taste great, but I can’t have them too often. They are junk food. Also, I always have my meals on time. Eating breakfast is very important. It gives me energy in the morning. If I don’t eat breakfast, I’ll feel hungry and can’t focus on (专注于) my studies. Exercise also has its rules. I need to exercise regularly. It’s good to exercise three or four times a week. I usually run, swim, use an exercise app or play ball games. When I run, I start slowly and then go fast. I also warm up before exercising. This helps me not to get hurt. And I never exercise too much because maybe it is bad for my health. Following these rules about eating and exercising, I stay healthy. I have more energy and can do better in school. In short, rules help me take good care of myself. I always follow them to be healthy and happy. 根据语篇内容, 按要求回答问题 1．What helps the writer live and study better? 2．How many rules are there in the text? 3．Why is eating breakfast important? 4．How often is it good to exercise? 5．Can you think of any other rules that can help us keep healthy? Please give one example. 【答案】1．Rules help the writer live and study better. 2．There are two main rules about eating and exercise in the text. 3．Because it gives the writer energy in the morning and helps him/her focus on studies. 4．It’s good to exercise three or four times a week. 5．I always go to bed early and get up early. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过介绍饮食和运动方面的规则，说明规则对健康、学习和生活的积极作用。 1．根据第1段中的“In my daily life, I find that rules are here and there. They help me live and study better.”可知，规则帮助作者生活、学习得更好。 2．根据第2段中的“Let’s talk about eating first.”和第3段中的“Exercise also has its rules.”可知，文章中有两种规则。 3．根据第2段中的“Eating breakfast is very important. It gives me energy in the morning. If I don’t eat breakfast, I’ll feel hungry and can’t focus on (专注于) my studies.”可知，早餐重要，是因为它给作者提供上午的能量，并帮助他/她专注于学习。 4．根据第3段中的“It’s good to exercise three or four times a week.”可知，一周锻炼三、四次好。 5．这是一道开放性试题，答案不唯一，只要是符合健康生活的规则即可，比如，可以回答“I always go to bed early and get up early.” Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·山东聊城·期中）Recently, China made a new rule for food delivery riders (外卖骑手). This rule brings big changes to their work and makes it safer. First, riders cannot take orders for more than 4 hours without a break. The platform will stop sending them new tasks, and they must rest for 20 minutes. Second, their electric bikes cannot go faster than 15 kilometers per hour. This helps them ride more carefully. Many students who often order takeout think this rule is really good. Before the new rule, some riders rushed through red lights to finish orders on time. This caused many traffic accidents. Riders were often very tired and in danger on the road. Some people worry that deliveries (派送) will become slower. Customers might wait longer for their food. But most people believe safety is more important than speed. With the 20-minute break, riders can rest and feel less tired. With slower bikes, they can avoid dangers and stay safe. Everyone should understand and support this new rule. Next time our food is a little late, we should be patient. The safety of delivery riders is far more valuable than ________. This rule not only protects riders but also teaches us to care about others. It shows that people’s safety always comes first. 1．How many minutes must riders rest after working for 4 hours? 2．What speed cannot electric bikes go faster than? 3．What did some riders rushing through red lights cause before the new rule? 4．What should we do when our food is a little late according to the passage? 5．Complete the sentence in paragraph 5 with proper words. 【答案】1．They must rest for 20 minutes./(For) 20 minutes. 2．They cannot go faster than 15 kilometers per hour./15 kilometers per hour. 3．Many traffic accidents./It/This caused many traffic accidents./Traffic accidents. 4．We should be patient./Be patient. 5．a quick delivery/saving a little time/the speed of delivery/our own convenience 【导语】本文介绍了中国为外卖骑手制定的新规定，包括工作时长限制和车速限制，并讨论了这些规定对骑手安全和配送时间的影响。 1．第二段提到骑手工作4小时后必须休息20分钟“they must rest for 20 minutes”，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段提到电动自行车车速不得超过每小时15公里“cannot go faster than 15 kilometers per hour”，答案是原文直接信息。 3．第三段提到骑手闯红灯导致了多起交通事故“This caused many traffic accidents”，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第五段提到当外卖晚到时，我们应该耐心等待“we should be patient”，答案是原文直接信息。 5．第五段最后一句表示骑手的安全远比送餐速度更重要，需围绕配送速度、节省等候时间这类短语作答，合理即可。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Do you put up your hand when you want to speak in class? If so, you have followed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up your hand. They can also be as complicated (复杂的) as knowing when you are “out” in a game. Rules can be made by anyone. Parents make rules to help children grow up healthily. Rules at home might include washing dishes or cleaning rooms. Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe. Putting up your hand before asking a question helps the class pay attention to the lesson. Students make rules in games to make sure that they can play without fighting. Rules can be changed often. If you change your minds, you can change the rules. Laws are rules too, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives (被选出的代表). Voters (选民) allow their representatives to make laws that can protect people’s rights, safety and make sure everyone can be treated fairly. Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones. The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment (处罚) for breaking them. If you break a rule, your punishment might be small, like losing a turn in a game. However, if a person breaks an important law, the punishment might be a fine (罚款) or time in prison. Rules and laws keep everyone safe. People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws. 1．Can anyone make rules? 2．Who makes rules to help students learn and stay safe? 3．Why do representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones? 4．What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws? 5．How can people live together in peace? 【答案】1．Yes, he/she can. 2．Teachers. 3．Because laws cannot be changed often. 4．The punishment for breaking them. 5．By following rules and laws. 【导语】本文主要介绍了规则和法律对人们的作用以及它们的区别。 【详解】1．第二段第一句“Rules can be made by anyone.”，任何人都可以制定规则。应进行肯定回答。 2．第三段第一句“Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe.”，“教师”制定规则是为了帮助学生学习并保障他们的安全。 3．倒数第三段最后一句“Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones.”，代表们在制定新法律之前会仔细研究相关法律的原因是“法律不能经常更改。” 4．倒数第二段第一句“The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment (处罚) for breaking them.”，规则和法律之间的最大区别在于“违反它们后的惩罚措施”。 5．最后一段“People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws.”，通过遵守规则和法律，人们可以和平地工作和生活在一起。 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell made a great invention—the telephone. For the first time in history, people could talk to someone far away just like they were in the same room. But today, phones can do much more than just make calls! The story of mobile phones began with two-way radios. These early devices (设备) had a big problem—they only worked when people were close to each other. In the 1940s, smart scientists found a way. They built tall radio towers across the country to pass signals (信号) easily. Everything changed in 1973 when Dr. Martin Cooper made the first real mobile phone call. During the 1980s, mobile phones became smaller but were still very expensive. Only rich business people could afford them, and the phones looked like big plastic bricks. Now we have smartphones—like powerful mini-computers in our pockets. We use them to take photos, watch videos, play games, and even help with housework! Messaging apps let us send videos and long messages easily. While phones help us stay connected, some people worry that we spend too much time on them. 1．When did Alexander Graham Bell invent the telephone? 2．Why did scientists build tall radio towers in the 1940s? 3．Who made the first real mobile phone call? 4．How can smartphones help us in our lives? (Give two examples.) 5．What do you think the future phones might be like? 【答案】1．He invented the telephone in 2. 3．To pass signals easily. 4．Martin Cooper. 5．Take photos and watch videos. 6．They may be smaller and smarter. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电话从发明到智能手机的发展历程，以及手机的功能变化和未来展望。 【详解】104．第一段“In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell made a great invention—the telephone.”明确说明了贝尔发明电话的时间，直接提取。 1．第二段“They built tall radio towers across the country to pass signals (信号) easily.”说明科学家建造无线电塔是为了轻松传递信号，直接提取。 2．第三段“Everything changed in 1973 when Dr. Martin Cooper made the first real mobile phone call.”说明是Martin Cooper打出了第一个移动电话，直接提取。 3．最后一段“We use them to take photos, watch videos, play games, and even help with housework!”说明了智能手机的用途，任意提取两个即可。 4．开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文章对手机发展的描述，合理作答即可。 Passage 2 Are Home Robots a Good Idea? There are many types of home robots on the market today. They can perform many tasks, such as carrying drinks and playing music. A kind of robot can even be controlled when the owner isn’t at home. It can be used to check on pets and people, or whether the oven is left on. Other home robots can be used to do chores and more. Do you think home robots are a good idea? Emily: Yes! Home robots can help with chores around the house. This gives people more time to do the things they enjoy. Home robots can also make people feel safer in their houses. For example, they can alert the owner when there is a water leak or a broken window. They can keep an eye on pets or young children. What’s more, home robots can accompany people and make them feel less lonely. They can also help people stay in touch with other people. Lucas: No! Doing housework helps us stay active and healthy. If home robots do everything for us, we’ll become lazy. Even worse, we will forget how to do certain tasks. If home robots break down, we may not be able to clean our home or cook for ourselves. Lots of people have already relied on phones for navigation (导航) and can’t read maps. Also, many home robots have cameras and microphones. They may record lots of information about us, including our conversations, and even invade (侵犯) our privacy. 1．Can the home robot bring drinks to people? 2．In Emily’s opinion, can home robots help out with chores around the house? 3．What problems may home robots with cameras and microphones cause? 4．If a family has pets and young children, which person’s opinion will the family probably support more? (Give one reason.) 5．Do you think home robots are a good idea? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Yes, it can. 2．Yes, they can. 3．They may record people’s information and invade their privacy. 4．Emily. Because home robots can keep an eye on pets and young children. 5．Yes. Because they can help us do chores and make our lives easier. 【导语】本文围绕“家用机器人是不是好主意”展开讨论。 1．第一段第二句“They can perform many tasks, such as carrying drinks and playing music.”，说明它们可以拿饮料，应作肯定回答。 2．第二段“Emily: Yes! Home robots can help with chores around the house.”，说明家用机器人可以帮忙做家务，因此本句应作肯定回答。 3．最后一段“Also, many home robots have cameras and microphones. They may record lots of information about us, including our conversations, and even invade our privacy.”，说明了带有摄像头和麦克风的机器人带来的问题，答案几乎是原文引述。 4．第二段“Emily…They can keep an eye on pets or young children.”对应Emily的观点，说明如果家庭有宠物或者年幼的孩子，可以使用家用机器人，因此它们可以照顾宠物或孩子。 5．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身理解，合理作答即可。 Passage 3 Do you often find it difficult to understand some ancient expressions? Now, an intelligent ancient language processing (处理) tool may give a hand. China has shown its first intelligent tool, “Xunzi”, for the processing and research of ancient books. It is a large language model (模型) of almost all ancient books, including the Siku Quanshu, and collects more than 2 billion words of modern Chinese. The research team named the language model after Xunzi, an ancient Chinese philosopher (哲学家) from the Warring States Period. During its research, the team found that he was not only a great philosopher, but also a pioneer in linguistics (语言学先驱). “The research on traditional (传统的) Chinese classics is a work that takes a lot of time and hard work for experts, not to mention for common learners. So turning ancient texts into modern Chinese is one of its most important uses,” said Wang Dongbo, who headed the research team. With the language model, researchers can quickly summarize an ancient text. They can know about the topic of an ancient book as well. What’s more, the model can get key information from ancient texts, such as characters, events and places, and organize them. Besides, the model can also “create” ancient poems that follow the rules of ancient poetry creation according to the key words given by the users. This offers inspiration for poem lovers. The large language model has been shared on websites such as GitHub.com and ModelScope.cn. People can use it for free. “Although developing it took a great deal of hard work and money, we still share it for free with the purpose of encouraging more people to study and pay attention to traditional Chinese culture,” Wang said. 1．What makes it possible for “Xunzi” to process ancient Chinese books? 2．What does paragraph 2 talk about? 3．How many uses of “Xunzi” are mentioned in the passage? 4．What may “Xunzi” bring to traditional Chinese culture from the last paragraph? 5．What would you like to use “Xunzi” to do? And why? 【答案】1．It is a large language model of almost all ancient books (including the Siku Quanshu) and collects more than 2 billion words of modern Chinese. 2．The origin of the name of the language model (named after Xunzi, an ancient Chinese philosopher and linguistics pioneer). 3．Four. 4．It can encourage more people to study and pay attention to traditional Chinese culture. 5． I would like to use it to translate ancient poems into modern Chinese. Because it can help me understand the meaning and beauty of ancient poems easily. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首个用于古籍处理与研究的智能语言模型“荀子”，包括其命名由来、功能用途及免费共享的目的，展现了科技助力传统文化传播的价值。 1．第一段提到“It is a large language model of almost all ancient books, including the Siku Quanshu, and collects more than 2 billion words of modern Chinese.” ，直接说明“荀子”是包含几乎所有古籍的大型语言模型，且收集了超20亿字的现代汉语语料，这为它处理古籍提供了基础。 2．第二段提到“The research team named the language model after Xunzi, an ancient Chinese philosopher from the Warring States Period. During its research, the team found that he was not only a great philosopher, but also a pioneer in linguistics.” ，表明本段介绍了该语言模型的命名由来 —— 以战国时期的哲学家、语言学先驱荀子命名。 3．根据文中内容：①将古文翻译成现代汉语；②快速总结古文、了解古籍主题；③从古籍中提取关键信息并整理；④根据关键词创作符合格律的古诗。表明共提到了4种用途。 4．最后一段指出“we still share it for free with the purpose of encouraging more people to study and pay attention to traditional Chinese culture” ，答案几乎是原文引述。 5．这是开放性试题，答案不唯一，需结合文中功能作答。示例：I would like to use it to translate ancient poems into modern Chinese. Because it can help me understand the meaning and beauty of ancient poems easily. 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Huck and Tom were good friends, and they both cared about Jim very much. They heard that Jim was locked up in a small hut and decided to save him. At first, they planned to take the key from the old man after he fell asleep. But Tom did not like this easy way. He loved exciting adventures, so he refused the easy plan and wanted to try something difficult. One dark night, the two boys walked to the hut quietly. Huck found a high window and thought Jim could run away through it. But Tom shook his head and said, “We need a harder way and we do not want to hurry.” Then they decided to dig a tunnel under the hut. They used shovels and worked really hard the whole night until they broke through the ground. They went through the tunnel and saw Jim at once. A chain tied Jim to the bed and he looked very happy to see them. Huck wanted to cut the chain right away, but Tom stopped him quickly. “That is not how people do it in storybooks,” Tom said in a loud voice. Later, Uncle Silas put an ad in the newspaper to look for Jim’s owner. Huck was quite afraid because he worried that Jim would be sold to other places far away. That night, some men came to visit Uncle Silas. Huck and Tom took a sharp saw and ran back to the hut as fast as they could. Huck started to cut the chain, but Tom still insisted on doing it in a special way, just like the stories he read. ——Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1．What was their first plan to save Jim? 2．Why did Tom refuse the easy plan? 3．How long did it take them to dig the tunnel? 4．How did they see Jim? 5．What is Tom like in your eyes? 【答案】1．To take the key from the old man after he fell asleep. 2．Because he loved exciting adventures. 3．The whole night. 4．They went through the tunnel. 5．He is creative and likes adventures./He likes following storybook ways. 【导语】本文改编自《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，主要讲述了Huck和Tom两个好朋友为了救被关在小屋中的Jim，放弃了简单的方案，选择挖掘隧道等更具冒险性的方式，最终成功营救Jim的故事，展现了Tom热爱冒险、痴迷故事书的性格特点。 【详解】79．第一段明确指出他们最初的计划是等老人睡着后从他那里拿走钥匙“they planned to take the key from the old man after he fell asleep”，因此答案是原文直接信息，用不定式形式作答。 1．第一段指出Tom拒绝了简单的计划，因为他热爱刺激的冒险“He loved exciting adventures, so he refused the easy plan”，答案可直接从原文中提取因果关系。 2．第二段末尾明确说明他们用铲子挖了一整晚“worked really hard the whole night until they broke through the ground”，因此答案是“The whole night”，属于原文直接信息。 3．第三段开头指出他们穿过隧道后立刻看到了，“They went through the tunnel and saw Jim at once”，答案直接提取原文表述。 4．开放题，答案不唯一。根据文中Tom拒绝简单方案、坚持按故事书的方式行事等细节，可以看出他富有冒险精神、富有创造力、喜欢模仿故事书中的做法等，言之有理即可。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Are you curious about the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? You can read science fiction! Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. But what makes it so popular? Science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot helpers. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens (外星人) and other worlds. Science-fiction writers and their works can encourage us to create the future. For example, in 1945, a science-fiction writer Arthur C． Clarke wrote about space stations. In the article, he also predicted that people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Surprisingly, the short story gave people the idea for the internet! Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many science-fiction stories happen in imaginary (想象的) worlds, they can help us better understand the real world. They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world. What will the future be like? Science fiction gives us ideas and helps us to understand what it could be like. 根据上面短文内容回答问题（字数不超过10个单词）。 1．What chance does science fiction give us? 2．What did Arthur C． Clarke write about in 1945? 3．Where do many science-fiction stories happen? 4．How can science fiction make us feel when life is boring? 5．What do you think of science fiction? 【答案】1．To imagine what our future will be like. 2．Space stations. 3．In imaginary worlds. 4．Excited. 5．It is interesting and helpful. (合理即可) 【导语】本文介绍科幻小说流行的原因：它让我们想象未来、激发创造未来的动力、以新方式理解现实世界，并在生活无聊时带来兴奋感。 【详解】84．第二段第一句“Science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like”，说明了科幻小说让我们想象未来，答案是原文直接信息。 1．第三段第二句“For example, in 1945, a science-fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke wrote about space stations.”，指出Arthur C. Clarke写了有关空间站的内容，直接提取关键信息。 2．第四段第二句明确指出“many science-fiction stories happen in imaginary worlds”，直接提取地点信息。 3．第四段最后一句指出“They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world.”，直接提取核心情感状态。 4．这是开放性问题，结合文章主旨，科幻小说既有趣又能帮助我们理解未来、激发灵感，用简单的评价性短语即可作答，符合字数要求。 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 Money doesn’t grow on trees. Kids seldom know where money comes from. Our parents work hard to make money, and it can run out one day. Visiting their workplaces lets us know money is not easy to get. We shouldn’t spend all money at once. Having a budget is important. It means we need to think about our money and what we really want to buy. Pocket money can’t buy everything, so we should spend wisely. We should set a clear goal and save money. For example, if we want a new bike but can’t afford it, we can save pocket money. Write down our money in a notebook and watch it grow. When we have enough money, we can buy the bike we want. Reaching the goal makes us happy. We can talk with parents about how money is used and where it goes. We can also go to the supermarket with them to see real-life spending. We should use money rightly. Learning about money is not hard. From these lessons, we can learn money management and right values step by step. 1．Where does money come from according to the text? 2．What is a budget? 3．How can we get a bike we can’t afford? 4．What can we do to learn real-life spending? 5．Do you have pocket money? If you have enough pocket money, how will you use your money? 【答案】1．Money comes from our parents’ hard work. 2．It means we need to think about our money and what we really want to buy. 3．We can save pocket money until we have enough money. 4．We can go to the supermarket with our parents to see real-life spending. 5．Yes, I do./No, I don’t. I will save some in my piggy and use some to buy something I like./I will give some money to people in need./I will buy my parents some presents./… 【导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们应如何理解金钱的来源，如何通过预算和储蓄管理零花钱，以及如何通过实践学习理财并树立正确的金钱观。 【详解】99．文章第一段提到“Our parents work hard to make money”，说明钱来自父母的努力工作。答案为原文直接信息。 1．文章第二段提到“It means we need to think about our money and what we really want to buy”，说明预算意味着思考金钱和购物需求。答案为原文直接信息。 2．文章第三段提到“if we want a new bike but can’t afford it, we can save pocket money”，说明可以通过存零花钱来获得。答案为原文直接信息。 3．文章第四段提到“We can also go to the supermarket with them to see real-life spending”，说明可以去超市了解实际花费。答案为原文直接信息。 4．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一。根据文章倡导的理财观念，结合自身合理回答即可。 Passage 2 Family money is something that everyone, including teenagers, should understand. Knowing how money works in a family is important because it can help teenagers make smarter choices and get ready for the future. Many teenagers might not think about it, but they can actually help their family with money matters. Ways to help family with money 1 Learn how to plan their spending. For example, if teenagers get some money every week, they can save part of it instead of spending it all right away. This helps them learn the value of money. 2 Be careful with how they use things at home. For example, turning off the lights when they leave a room can lower the family’s bills. Small actions like these can save a lot of money. 3 Learn about earning money. Some teenagers do small jobs or help with chores at home to earn extra money. This teaches them that money comes from hard work and helps them understand how to spend it wisely. Opinions （观点） on saving money Mike, 14 I used to spend all my pocket money on snacks and games, but now I save half of it. I think learning to save is necessary, and it’s cool to see my savings grow. I also help at home by doing chores, and I feel happy to contribute. Teenagers should start saving early, even if it’s just a small amount. It’s necessary for them to learn to save because over time, those savings can grow and help them achieve their goals, like buying a bike or paying for college. A financial expert In conclusion, teenagers can play a big role in family money matters. By learning to plan their spending, helping save money at home, and understanding how to earn money, they can help their family and prepare for their own future. 1．Why is knowing how money works in a family important? 2．How can teenagers help save money at home? 3．What does Mike do with his pocket money now? 4．What do the two people’s opinions have in common? 5．Do you have the habit of saving money? What do you think of it? 【答案】1．Because it can help teenagers make smarter choices and get ready for the future. 2．They can help by being careful with how they use things at home. / They can turn off the lights when they leave a room. /... 3．He saves half of the money. 4．They both think learning to save is necessary. / They both think it’s necessary for teenagers to learn to save. /... 5．示例一：Yes, I do. I think saving money can help us develop a habit of making plans and we can use the money in the future. /... I think money comes from hard work and we should save it. /... I think saving money is important. /... 示例二：No, I don’t. I think we should use the money to buy things that we really need. /... 【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年了解家庭金钱事务的重要性，并介绍了帮助家庭理财的三种方法，同时呈现了青少年和理财专家对存钱的观点，最后总结青少年能在家庭理财中发挥重要作用。 1．首段直接指出“Knowing how money works in a family is important because it can help teenagers make smarter choices and get ready for the future”，这是原文中的直接信息，因此答案是该句的完整引用。 2．第二段明确举例“turning off the lights when they leave a room can lower the family’s bills”，这是原文中的具体做法，直接提取即可。 3．表格中Mike的观点直接提到“but now I save half of it”，这是原文中的直接信息，因此答案是该句的完整引用。 4．此答案是对表格中两人观点的概括总结。两人都强调了存钱的必要性：Mike认为“learning to save is necessary”，理财专家认为“It’s necessary for them to learn to save”，同时都提到存钱对未来有帮助，Mike享受储蓄增长的过程，专家指出储蓄能帮助实现目标。答案将这两点进行整合。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合文章内容和自己对存钱的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 Passage 3 Now you’re in a store with 100 yuan in your hand. There are all kinds of foods and drinks around you. How can you use maths to make smart choices and not spend too much? First, let’s look at discounts (折扣). Stores often have discounts like “30% off” or “Buy one, get one free”. Maths can help you find the better deal (交易). For example, a bottle of juice is 10 yuan. With 30% off, you only need to pay 7 yuan for one bottle. But if it’s “Buy one, get one free”, you get two bottles for 10 yuan, so each bottle is 5 yuan. In this way, “Buy one, get one free” is better! Next, think about sizes. Stores may sell the same thing in different sizes. Sometimes, bigger packs are cheaper (更便宜) for each unit. For example, a 250-gram (克) bag of chocolates costs 20 yuan, and a 1000-gram bag costs 70 yuan. If you do the maths, you’ll find that one gram costs 0.08 yuan in the small bag and 0.07 yuan in the big bag! So, the big bag is a better deal. Maths isn’t just for school. It’s also useful when you shop. With simple maths, you can save money and make better choices. By comparing prices and calculating unit costs, you can stretch your budget further. This practical skill helps you become a wise shopper and manage your money well in everyday life. 1．Is maths only useful at school? 2．In how many aspects (方面) can you use maths when shopping? 3．Which discount is a better deal for juice: “30% off” or “Buy one, get one free”? 4．How much does one gram of chocolate cost in the 1000-gram bag? 5．What is the main purpose of using maths when shopping? 【答案】1．No. 2．Two. 3．“Buy one, get one free.” 4．5.07 yuan. 6．To save money, make better choices, become a wise shopper and manage money well in everyday life. 【导语】本文以“手持100元在超市购物”为场景，介绍了数学在购物中的两大实用应用。 1．第四段第一句“Maths isn’t just for school. It’s also useful when you shop.”原文直接否定“数学只用于学校”，明确说明其在购物中也有用，应作否定回答。 2．第二段首句“First, let’s look at discounts.”及第三段首句“Next, think about sizes.”文章用First和Next明确分两个方面讲解数学的应用：看折扣、对比商品规格，因此答案是原文信息。 3．第二段最后一句“In this way, ‘Buy one, get one free’ is better!”明确指出，买一送一更好，答案机会是原文引述。 4．第三段倒数第二句“If you do the maths, you’ll find that one gram costs 0.08 yuan in the small bag and 0.07 yuan in the big bag!”直接给出数值0.07元，因此答案是原文直接数值信息。 5．第四段第三至四句“With simple maths, you can save money and make better choices…This practical skill helps you become a wise shopper and manage your money well in everyday life.”原文有四个核心作用：省钱、做出更好的选择、成为更理智的购物者、在日常生活中妥善管理资金。答案将四点整合为“To save money, make better choices, become a wise shopper and manage money well in everyday life.”。 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush on crowded stairs. Remember to run to the open ground away from street lights or power lines. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. Answer the questions according to the passage. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? 5．What can we learn from the passage? 【答案】1．No./ No, it isn’t. 2．Because accidents may happen when many people rush up crowded stairs. 3．We should keep calm, save our energy and try to find some food and water. 4．Our lives./The life./Life./The lives./Lives. 5．We should remember some advice to keep safe when an earthquake happens.(开放性试题，回答合理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震发生时的自救建议，包括快速撤离、珍惜生命、保持冷静等方法。 1．根据“Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous.”可知，地震发生时使用电梯不安全。故填No./ No, it isn’t. 2．根据“Accidents may happen when many people rush on crowded stairs.”可知，下楼时避免摔倒可以防止拥挤楼梯上发生事故。故填Because accidents may happen when many people rush on crowded stairs. 3．根据“When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm…save your energy and try to find some food and water.”可知，被困建筑时应保持冷静、保存体力并寻找食物和水。故填We should keep calm, save our energy and try to find some food and water. 4．根据“Anything is less valuable than your lives.”可知，生命是最宝贵的东西。故填Our lives./The life./Life./The lives./Lives. 5．根据“Remember the following advice that can keep you safe.”可知，我们可以学到地震时的安全自救建议。开放性试题，回答合理即可。故填We should remember some advice to keep safe when an earthquake happens. Passage 2 When disaster strikes, such as earthquakes, floods or fires, it’s important to know how to keep safe. Here are some safety tips for different disasters. First, for earthquakes. When an earthquake happens, if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture (家具) because they may fall down and hurt you. Don’t use the lift. If you are outdoors, you should stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. You should stand in an open area and wait for the earthquake to stop. Second, for floods. If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly. You should take important things with you, such as food, water and clothes. Don’t walk or drive through deep water because you may be washed away. Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous. Third, for fires. When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises. You should use the stairs instead of the lift. If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. Don’t jump out of the window unless it’s the only way to get out of a fire. It’s important to remember these safety methods. They can help us keep safe when disasters strike. 1．What should you do indoors when an earthquake happens? (两种情况即可得分) 2．If there is a flood, where should we move to? 3．Why shouldn’t we swim in floods? 4．How can you protect yourself from smoke if a fire breaks out? (两种情况即可得分) 5．What should you do if you cannot get out of a fire? 【答案】1．Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift.（任选两种即可） 2．Higher ground. 3．Because it’s dangerous. 4．Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground. 5．Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在地震、洪水和火灾等灾害发生时如何保持安全，并提供了一些具体的安全建议。 【详解】123．根据第二段“…if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture because they may fall down and hurt you.”可知，地震时在室内应保持冷静、迅速躲到结实的桌子或书桌下，并远离窗户、镜子和重家具。此外，该部分还提到“Don’t use the lift.” (不要使用电梯)。故填Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift. (任选两种即可) 1．根据第三段“If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly.”可知，如果有洪水预警，应该迅速转移到高地。故填Higher ground. 2．根据第三段“Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous.”可知，不要在洪水中游泳，因为这很危险。故填Because it’s dangerous. 3．根据第四段“When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises.”可知，火灾发生时，可以用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以避免吸入烟雾；应该尽量贴近地面，因为烟雾会上升。题目要求回答两种情况，故可以填Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground. 4．根据第四段“If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.”可知，如果无法逃出火灾现场，应该待在门关着的房间里并呼救。故填Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $