考前押题02 完形填空常考话题（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材冀教版

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语完形填空8大常考话题，以真实语境为载体，系统覆盖自然现象、安全救护等高频主题，强化语言能力与思维品质的融合训练。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |季节天气等8话题|每话题3篇短文，共24篇240题|完形填空，考查词汇辨析、上下文逻辑、语法应用|以生活话题为线索，从具体情境（如黄河生态、马拉松精神）到语言知识（如连词、动词短语），构建"话题-语境-语言运用"的逻辑链条，培养文化意识与学习能力|

专题02 完形填空常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B Passage 2 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．B Passage 3 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．B Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．D Passage 2 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D Passage 2 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B Passage 3 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10.．B Passage 3 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C Passage 2 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．D 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D Passage 2 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 完形填空常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 （常考点） 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护（常考点） 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 （常考点） 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 （常考点） 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北石家庄·期中）The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. The “yellow” in its name is from the mud (泥) and 1 . About ninety per cent of the mud and sand in the Yellow River 2 the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). A lot of mud and sand goes into the Yellow River 3 it is easy for the rain to wash the Loess Plateau away. The Yellow River starts from the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau. It runs from west to east through nine provinces and 4 runs into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long, and its area 5 about 752,443 square kilometres. It is a natural 6 of China. In Chinese history, the Yellow River is the most 7 birthplace of Chinese civilization. Ancient Chinese people lived by the river. They depended on the water to 8 . Today, the area around the Yellow River is very important for farming. The Yellow River also provides (提供) water for factories and people’s lives. What’s 9 , the Yellow River also plays an important role in Chinese culture. People created a lot of 10 , paintings, and songs about it. The Yellow River is a symbol of Chinese spirit, and we call it our “mother river”. 1．A．water B．fish C．sand D．grass 2．A．turns into B．comes from C．gets across D．looks for 3．A．if B．until C．although D．because 4．A．finally B．simply C．really D．brightly 5．A．moves B．remains C．needs D．covers 6．A．wonder B．problem C．danger D．environment 7．A．difficult B．strange C．important D．unusual 8．A．study B．survive C．manage D．continue 9．A．more B．worse C．less D．better 10．A．awards B．poems C．games D．objects Passage 2 It is autumn. A 1 wind is blowing. It blows flower seeds (种子) quite high in the air. One of the seeds is tiny. Will it be able to 2 the others? Finally, the wind stops, and seeds fall quietly down on the ground. Now it is 3 . After a long trip the seeds feel very 4 . They look just as if they are going to sleep in the earth. Snow falls and covers them like a soft white blanket (毯子). Spring comes. It gets warm. The sun shines. Rain falls. The seeds grow 5 full and round that they start to break open a little. Now they are not seeds any more. They are plants. First they put roots (根) into the earth. Then their little stems (茎) and leaves begin to grow up in the sun and air, and 6 in the wind. In the summer, it grows on and doesn’t stop. The sun shines on it 7 the rain waters it. It has many leaves. It grows taller and taller. It is much taller than the trees around it. And now some flowers grow on it. Autumn 8 . The wind blows past the flowers again. 9 petals (花瓣) drop over the land and down to the ground. The wind blows harder. The flowers have lost all their petals. Once more the wind shakes the flowers, and this time the flowers’ seed pods (荚) open. Many new seeds come out. 10 in the wind they are on the way to new plants again. 1．A．gentle　 B．strong　 C．light　 D．cold 2．A．keep away from　B．keep up with　 C．take care of　 D．get in the way of 3．A．summer　 B．spring　 C．winter　 D．autumn 4．A．relaxed　 B．tired　 C．bored　 D．excited 5．A．so　 B．too　 C．such　 D．quite 6．A．dance　 B．sing　 C．fly　 D．shake 7．A．as　 B．and　 C．but　 D．or 8．A．passes　 B．comes　 C．leaves　 D．returns 9．A．Our B．Its　 C．My　 D．Their　 10．A．Suddenly　 B．Quickly　 C．Surprisingly　 D．Slowly Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Spring is the most beautiful season of the year. It comes after the cold winter and brings new life to the world. When spring arrives, the 1 starts to rise, and the snow and ice on the mountains 2 slowly. The trees turn green, and the flowers 3 in all kinds of colors. The wind blows 4 , and the air is fresh and clean. People love spring very much. It’s a perfect time for 5 activities. We can go hiking in the mountains, 6 kites in the park, or have picnics by the lake. Children enjoy 7 on the green grass and chasing butterflies. They laugh and run, and their happiness fills the air. Farmers also like spring, because it’s a good time to 8 seeds and plants. They know that “A year’s plan starts with spring”. Spring is a season of hope. It 9 people energy and makes them look forward to a good year. Everyone 10 spring, because it is full of life and beauty. 1．A．water B．temperature C．wind D．snow 2．A．melt B．melts C．melted D．melting 3．A．open B．grow C．bloom D．come 4．A．gentle B．gently C．strong D．strongly 5．A．indoor B．inside C．outdoor D．outside 6．A．fly B．play C．make D．do 7．A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 8．A．buy B．plant C．collect D．pick 9．A．takes B．brings C．gets D．gives 10．A．loves B．love C．hated D．hate 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 （2026·安徽阜阳·期末）The school holiday is coming! It’s very important to stay 1 while having fun, whether at home, in the park, at the beach or online. If you go swimming, whether in a 2 or a river, always have an adult with you. At the beach, swim only between the red and yellow flags, where lifeguards (救生员) can help quickly when you’re 3 . Remember the strong summer sun. Even when the weather isn’t too hot, put on a hat or use an umbrella to 4 getting sunburned. When you’re outside alone, never go anywhere with 5 or accept food from them. Ask people you 6 for help if you feel unsafe. Many of you will spend time 7 indoors, too. The holiday is a 8 time to play games and chat with people online, but you should be very careful. Never share your personal information online, including your real name, ID card number, and home 9 . Choose games that are suitable for your age and remember to 10 your screen time. Take regular (定期的) breaks to rest your eyes and body. 1．A．safe B．quiet C．happy D．comfortable 2．A．hole B．pool C．field D．forest 3．A．in place B．in person C．in danger D．in public 4．A．push B．hide C．avoid D．protect 5．A．children B．friends C．strangers D．guards 6．A．trust B．dislike C．doubt D．admire 7．A．running B．relaxing C．joining D．laughing 8．A．brave B．perfect C．patient D．polite 9．A．conversation B．language C．service D．address 10．A．start B．control C．forget D．increase Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·广东梅州·期中）Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has worked in a 1 for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 2 than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, 3 he was working in the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up quickly to see what 4 . The woman’s 15-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of 5 and her face turned 6 . The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so worried that she didn’t know how to save her daughter properly. 7 , Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his arms without thinking twice. With the mother’s help, Wang Ping held the baby upside 8 and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby 9 to cry. Her mom was so thankful because Wang Ping saved her daughter. Wang Ping 10 his best and saved the baby’s life. In his opinion, helping others is just helping himself. He hoped more people could volunteer to help the people in need if possible. 1．A．school B．zoo C．park D．hospital 2．A．happier B．happy C．happily D．happiest 3．A．if B．before C．until D．while 4．A．did B．happened C．told D．found 5．A．pear B．apple C．banana D．biscuit 6．A．yellow B．purple C．brown D．orange 7．A．Luckily B．Unluckily C．Quickly D．Slowly 8．A．down B．up C．left D．right 9．A．wanted B．began C．planned D．used 10．A．controlled B．decided C．tried D．took Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Nowadays, teenagers spend a lot of time online. They use the Internet to study, play games and 1 with friends. However, it is very important to keep our 2 safe. Every time you go online, you leave a 3 footprint. This footprint is made up of all the things you do on the Internet. For example, when you 4 photos, write comments, or click on a link, you are adding to your digital footprint. Even when you use 5 recognition to unlock your phone, data is recorded. Some of this information might be 6 by strangers or hackers. If you are not careful, they might steal your 7 information, like your home address, phone number or bank account. This can cause serious 8 for you and your family. So, what can we do to protect ourselves? First, you should make your passwords strong and change them regularly. Never use simple numbers like “123456” or your birthday. Second, be 9 about what you share on social media. It is 10 a complex world out there that you should not trust everyone you meet on the Internet. Finally, if you meet cyber bullies, don’t be afraid. You should tell your parents or teachers immediately. 1．A．socialise B．argue C．fight D．disagree 2．A．money B．data C．books D．clothes 3．A．physical B．digital C．traditional D．national 4．A．steal B．copy C．post D．print 5．A．voice B．facial C．eye D．hand 6．A．collected B．washed C．forgotten D．forgiven 7．A．natural B．personal C．medical D．funny 8．A．jokes B．rules C．trouble D．fun 9．A．excited B．crazy C．careless D．careful 10．A．so B．such C．too D．very 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 Nowadays, marathon is becoming more and more popular all over the world. It is a special long-distance running sport. The 1 marathon comes from an old story in Greece. A full marathon is about 42 kilometers. It is not easy to finish it, so runners must 2 hard for a long time. They keep running day by day. During the race, many people stand 3 the road and cheer for the runners warmly. Marathon is not only a sport but also a good way to develop one’s 4 . It teaches people to be strong and confident. Many people take part in it to keep healthy, make new friends and enjoy the 5 of different places. Before running, we should get into good habits. It is important to warm up before the race and 6 down after it. Marathon tells us the spirit of trying. If we keep moving on, we will solve all kinds of 7 bravely. I once joined a small marathon. At the beginning, I felt 8 and ran fast. But halfway through, I was so tired that I wanted to give up. However, I told myself not to stop. I slowed down and kept going bit by bit. With the cheers from other people, I finally reached the finishing line. Although I was not the 9 , I was really proud of myself. Marathon teaches us that success does not depend on 10 , but on keeping trying. When we meet difficulties in study or life, we should be brave and never give up easily. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．strange D．important 2．A．promise B．pronounce C．provide D．practice 3．A．through B．along C．on D．opposite 4．A．will B．condition C．experience D．mind 5．A．bottom B．balance C．behave D．beauty 6．A．clear B．cool C．check D．close 7．A．difficulties B．disadvantages C．activities D．diseases 8．A．energetic B．surprised C．empty D．healthy 9．A．last B．first C．second D．third 10．A．stress B．smoke C．shape D．Speed Passage 2 Sports and games are lots of fun! Imagine playing soccer with your friends. The main thing is to score 1 . When you kick the ball into the net, it feels great! Each goal gives your team a 2 . When your team gets higher points, your team wins the game. Sometimes your team might win, and sometimes it might lose, but it’s always 3 to play. In a big game, like an important match, teams try very hard to win. Players need to work together to find the best 4 to score. To help the team play better and work as one, a good 5 is important. He or she can give players advice and make sure everyone works as a team! Players with great talent and lots of practice are more likely to succeed. If you’re really skilled, you might even score the winning goal that makes your team get the top 6 ! Watching games is fun too. Fans go to the sports field, so they can 7 loudly for their favorite team. Sometimes, if a player is 8 , the coach will let another player take his or her place. In sports, it’s important to play well with others and listen to your coach. 9 is also very important. Whether it’s soccer, basketball, or any other sport, the 10 you play, the better you’ll get. So get a ball, invite your friends, and have fun playing sports! Remember, every game is a chance to learn and grow. 1．A．points B．goals C．records D．marks 2．A．record B．point C．game D．prize 3．A．exciting B．difficult C．famous D．tiring 4．A．rule B．action C．chance D．reason 5．A．customer B．parent C．pilot D．coach 6．A．prize B．name C．seat D．list 7．A．sing B．cheer C．ask D．read 8．A．happy B．angry C．hurt D．busy 9．A．Luck B．Teamwork C．Health D．Practice 10．A．later B．sooner C．earlier D．More Passage 3 Do you know Tai Chi? It is a very special Chinese sport. It is also an important part of Chinese 1 . Many people around the world love it. Tai Chi is different from other sports like running or basketball. It is not fast. People move their bodies in 2 , soft ways. They move their hands and head in beautiful ways. It looks like a slow and quiet 3 . Tai Chi is good for our body. It can make us strong and 4 . It can also help us feel happy and relaxed. When we do Tai Chi, we need to 5 our body and mind. We take in the clean air slowly. This gives us more 6 . People of all ages can do Tai Chi. It is not 7 to start. You do not need any balls or rackets. You just need a 8 place. Many people like to do Tai Chi in parks in the morning. Tai Chi is also good for our mind. It can help us 9 calm (平和的) and relaxed. If we are tired or busy, Tai Chi can help us relax. Today, Tai Chi is famous around the world. People in many countries learn and 10 it. It is a wonderful gift from Chinese culture to the world. Would you like to try it? 1．A．culture B．history C．music D．science 2．A．quick B．slow C．playful D．easy 3．A．game B．song C．picture D．dance 4．A．tall B．fit C．blind D．heavy 5．A．focus on B．turn off C．look at D．cut in 6．A．food B．time C．energy D．water 7．A．boring B．important C．interesting D．difficult 8．A．poor B．high C．quiet D．special 9．A．excuse B．keep C．lend D．stop 10．A．watch B．change C．practise D．remember 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Harry is a boy from the USA．He is the only child of his parents, 1 his mother is strict with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework such as cleaning the room, doing the 2 and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t 3 to do housework. Harry feels terrible and wants to 4 the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for three hours after school, and he gets home 5 . Harry’s mother is worried about his safety and scolds (责备) him after he 6 home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! Why do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make the rules to help you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am 7 ,” his mother says. After hearing his mother’s words, Harry says 8 to his mother. And he 9 to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules to help us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to 10 their love to us. 1．A．though B．or C．but D．because 2．A．flowers B．dishes C．homework D．faces 3．A．wait B．plan C．start D．need 4．A．talk about B．write down C．ask for D．think of 5．A．late B．early C．well D．quickly 6．A．watches B．arrives C．cleans D．drives 7．A．happy B．afraid C．busy D．rich 8．A．sorry B．bye C．hello D．thanks 9．A．leads B．forgets C．learns D．says 10．A．carry B．lend C．sell D．show Passage 2 Do you want to make progress and succeed in your life? Here is some advice for 1 . First, keep your body 2 . As the old saying goes, “A sound mind in a sound body.” This is true for sports, studying, and health! 3 every day helps you keep away from an awful mood. You can jog, swim or play ball games. This helps you keep fit and stay full of 4 . A healthy body makes you learn better. Second, 5 rules to grow better. Rules help us become better persons! For example, wearing uniforms can build school spirit and make us a 6 . Arriving on time, being polite and finishing homework help us develop good 7 . It’s our duty to 8 animals and nature. Animals are an important part of our world. Always take good care of them, and never kill animals. Remember: every small act 9 . Dear friends, being a good student 10 caring for yourself, your school, your family and your world. Let’s start today—study hard, respect rules, and love nature. Together, we can make our future better than it is today! 1．A．parents B．teachers C．teenagers D．adults 2．A．strong B．healthy C．relaxing D．beautiful 3．A．Working out B．Sleeping early C．Hanging out D．Eating well 4．A．energy B．spirit C．money D．hope 5．A．break B．make C．follow D．think 6．A．person B．team C．friend D．family 7．A．grades B．bodies C．rules D．habits 8．A．protect B．feed C．visit D．carry 9．A．speaks B．writes C．counts D．leaves 10．A．means B．practises C．understands D．chooses Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·河北保定·期中）Following public rules is an important part of our lives. It makes our lives safe and tidy. But some people still don’t 1 the rules in daily life. Last Sunday, I went to the bus stop with my mom. There were many people 2 for the bus. We all stood in a line 3 . Suddenly, a young man walked in front of us and cut in line. Everyone 4 him, but he didn’t care. An old grandpa told him to stand at the 5 of the line, but he said nothing and didn’t move. This small thing may not seem important, but it can 6 many problems. Cutting in line is not polite. If everyone cuts in line, the bus stop will be in a 7 . And it’s unfair to the people who wait in line quietly. In some foreign countries, breaking such small rules is even against the 8 . For example, littering in public places will get you a fine (罚款) according to the law (法律). It 9 us that we must follow all kinds of public rules. Rules are made to help people. 10 we follow them well, our lives will be better and better. Let’s start with small things. Don’t cut in line. Don’t litter everywhere. Let’s be people who follow the public rules. 1．A．follow B．make C．change D．find 2．A．asking B．waiting C．looking D．caring 3．A．slowly B．quietly C．angrily D．loudly 4．A．looked at B．looked after C．looked for D．looked up 5．A．top B．middle C．end D．front 6．A．take B．bring C．happen D．grow 7．A．mess B．way C．line D．place 8．A．sign B．law C．mind D．environment 9．A．talks B．says C．speaks D．tells 10．A．If B．Before C．Because D．Although 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 If you drop an egg from the 4th floor of a building, will the egg break? Most of you may answer “Yes”. 1 students from Beijing Fengtai No. 12 Middle School wanted to change the answer into “No”! “Eggs hit the earth” was a competition in the school’s science festival. With the help of special tools, the students hoped to keep eggs unbroken when 2 them from the 4th floor. Wu Jiawen’s team didn’t 3 . One of their four eggs broke after it hit the ground. “We’ve done a lot, including making a plastic bag parachute (降落伞) for the eggs and putting the eggs into a small box filled with soft cotton,” said Wu. Although they 4 their goal, Wu said she knew how to put what she learned in class into practice. “ 5 changes impossible into possible,” she said. Wu’s school wasn’t the only one that held a science festival. The Branch School of Beijing No. 5 Middle School also held a 6 festival. Among all the creative projects, the most interesting one was the “Paper Cart (小车) Race”. The carts made out of cardboard are 7 enough to hold a person and can run as fast as possible. Wang Jingman’s team were 8 of their cart. She said they spent ten days 9 . “We went to supermarkets to collect waste cardboard and paper. We also did some 10 to decrease friction (减少摩擦力) so that our cart could run faster.” When the cart of Wang’s team crossed the finishing line, she was very excited. “It was great that our creativity turned into reality!” 1．A．Because B．But C．Still D．So 2．A．throwing B．checking C．counting D．raising 3．A．join B．train C．win D．try 4．A．completed B．missed C．worked D．learned 5．A．English B．History C．Geography D．Science 6．A．strange B．popular C．similar D．modern 7．A．pretty B．heavy C．expensive D．strong 8．A．proud B．unhappy C．honest D．bored 9．A．designing B．preparing C．celebrating D．suggesting 10．A．tests B．protection C．plans D．inventions Passage 2 China’s first special 7S humanoid (人形的) robot store opened in Wuhan Optics Valley recently. It is a great place for people of all ages to learn about and 1 modern robot technology. The store 2 a special 7S model: Sale, Spare parts, Service, Survey, Solution, Show and School. It is not just a shop, but also a 3 center, a learning place and a technology show room. Visitors can watch robots do many 4 things. Some can dance, play football or work as 5 that can lead visitors to different parts of the store. Others can look after the elderly, work in factories 6 do simple office work. The store has about 17 robot models. Their 7 are from 7,999 yuan to over 700,000 yuan. What makes it special is that everyone can 8 . Children can enjoy robot shows and the store 9 training classes on using and repairing robots. This store brings high-tech robots 10 to our lives and shows the fast development of China’s robot industry. Visiting the store is a great experience that you should not miss. 1．A．touch B．waste C．experience D．review 2．A．follows B．accepts C．requires D．considers 3．A．training B．business C．community D．service 4．A．boring B．amazing C．tiring D．relaxing 5．A．guides B．actors C．doctors D．writers 6．A．if B．so C．or D．but 7．A．prices B．steps C．shapes D．colors 8．A．take place B．take care C．take action D．take part 9．A．introduces B．affords C．offers D．carries 10．A．longer B．closer C．warmer D．cooler Passage 3 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) presented a great show called Wu BOT. It became one of the most 1 programs this year. In the show, humanoid robots 2 traditional Chinese kung fu with young martial artists. These robots came from Unitree Technology, a top Chinese robot company. The Unitree G1 robots could do 3 movements, like drunken boxing and nunchaku. They performed on 4 with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. Thanks to their smart systems, the robots moved well and 5 people easily. The robots have made great 6 in only one year. At the 2025 gala, they could just do simple group dances. But this year, they could 7 hard kung fu moves without difficulty. This tells us China’s robot technology is developing 8 . Wu BOT is not only a fun show. It 9 traditional culture and modern technology in a new way. It also lets the world know the rapid rise of China’s robots. In the future, such robots will be 10 used in schools, public services and our daily life. 1．A．boring B．common C．popular D．traditional 2．A．played B．performed C．watched D．learned 3．A．simple B．difficult C．slow D．easy 4．A．top B．radio C．sale D．stage 5．A．worked with B．went with C．parted with D．filled with 6．A．trouble B．progress C．danger D．noise 7．A．carry B．follow C．finish D．aid 8．A．slowly B．rapidly C．quietly D．carefully 9．A．joins B．finds C．keeps D．mixes 10．A．widely B．loudly C．politely D．bravely 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·宁夏银川·阶段检测） In a small Chinese town lived a poor young man named Ma Liang. He loved 1 . One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a 2 . He gave Ma Liang a paintbrush (画笔). “Use this magic paintbrush to help the poor,” he said, “but don’t use 3 to help people who are rich and greedy (贪婪的), or the skill will leave you and you will never paint again.” When Ma Liang 4 , he found the paintbrush lying on the table by his bed. He painted a butterfly and was 5 to see it fly off the page and out of the window. Ma Liang ran out of his little house and started painting things for people. He painted a buffalo (水牛) to help a farmer, food for hungry people and 6 for people who were cold. A rich man heard about the paintbrush 7 asked Ma Liang to paint some gold for him, but Ma Liang 8 . “If you don’t paint for me, I’ll cut your fingers 9 ,” the rich man said. “Then you will never paint again.” So Ma Liang painted a mountain of gold in a sea and a boat for the man. The man got in the boat and went on his way toward the island, laughing. When the rich man was halfway there, Ma Liang painted a 10 in the side of the boat. The boat fell into the water and nobody ever saw the man again. 1．A．singing B．painting C．dancing D．boating 2．A．place B．room C．forest D．dream 3．A．them B．him C．her D．it 4．A．woke up B．got up C．stood up D．called up 5．A．surprised B．happy C．amazing D．afraid 6．A．food B．clothes C．toys D．water 7．A．or B．and C．but D．as 8．A．lost B．agreed C．missed D．refused 9．A．off B．in C．down D．out 10．A．bowl B．bag C．hole D．knife Passage 2 Literature is a special world that connects people across time and space. Different kinds of 1______ bring us different experiences. Fables teach us 2______ lessons, poems express deep feelings in simple words, and novels take us to new worlds. When I was young, my grandma often read fables to me. I loved 3______ the stories and imagining the characters. Now I enjoy reading poems. They use creative forms to show strong 4______. I also try to write my own short stories. It is not easy, but I feel proud when I 5______ writing one. Literature is 6______ read all over the world. It helps us understand different cultures. We are lucky 7______ so many great works. These stories are like a 8______ door to the past. They make us think, feel and grow. If you haven’t found your favorite kind of literature yet, keep trying. Every book is a new 9______. You never know what wonderful ideas you will 10______ in them. 1.A. music B. sports C. literature D. science 2.A. useful B. useless C. boring D. strange 3.A. making up B. listening to C. looking for D. putting away 4.A. plans B. feelings C. problems D. dreams 5.A. finish B. start C. forget D. continue 6.A. widely B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly 7.A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 8.A. heavy B. closed C. magic D. broken 9.A. journey B. lesson C. problem D. game 10.A. invent B. discover C. imagine D. create Passage 3 Many children love listening to fables. These short stories are not just fun, but also teach important 1______. One of my favorite fables is about a tortoise and a hare. The hare was proud of his speed. He thought he could 2______ the tortoise easily. So he laughed at the slow tortoise and even 3______ a race. The tortoise agreed. On the race day, the hare ran fast at first. Soon he thought the tortoise would never catch up, so he decided to 4______ under a tree. He fell asleep. The tortoise walked slowly but 5______. He didn’t stop for a minute. When the hare woke up, he ran as fast as he could. But it was too 6______. The tortoise had already crossed the finish line. This story tells us that 7______ is not everything. Even if you are talented, you need to be 8______ and keep working hard. If you are lazy and proud, you may 9______ the race. We should learn from the tortoise: never give up, and we will 10______ in the end. 1. A. skills B. lessons C. hobbies D. rules 2. A. beat B. feed C. follow D. help 3. A. joined in B. gave up C. agreed with D. made fun of 4. A. work B. sleep C. eat D. run 5. A. carelessly B. quickly C. carefully D. steadily 6. A. early B. late C. fast D. slow 7. A. speed B. time C. luck D. effort 8. A. proud B. honest C. patient D. shy 9. A. win B. lose C. join D. watch 10. A. fail B. succeed C. forget D. change 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 Every year during the Spring Festival, my brother, my sister and I are excited to get lucky money. When we were little kids, Mom 1 our lucky money for us. But now we’re older, and Mom thinks we should learn to be 2 . She often says that knowing how to use money is a big part of growing up. So, after the Spring Festival this year, we sat down as a family and made a 3 . We decided to save most of the money in the 4 for future needs, like our education. We could each spend a little 5 on daily needs. But Mom made one rule: We had to 6 everything we bought in our notebooks. This helps us see where our money goes and makes us think before we spend it. Yesterday, Mom checked our notebooks. She was really 7 with our progress! My sister had 8 most of her money, but she liked to buy some pretty toys or cards from time to time. Mom still allowed it, though she thought my sister spent too much on those things. She thought it would 9 her a lesson about money. From this, I’ve learned that if we use money 10 now, it can help us a lot in the future. Also, it teaches us to understand the value of hard work and find joy in spending money the right way. 1．A．borrowed B．kept C．brought D．changed 2．A．confident B．comfortable C．responsible D．polite 3．A．mistake B．video C．list D．plan 4．A．bank B．school C．library D．museum 5．A．time B．money C．space D．energy 6．A．look for B．give away C．fix up D．write down 7．A．angry B．patient C．pleased D．strict 8．A．saved B．spent C．found D．checked 9．A．teach B．buy C．send D．ask 10．A．nearly B．quickly C．wisely D．easily Passage 2 If you had a monthly income (收入) of 15,000 yuan, how much of it would you spend? And how would you save? Many people find budgeting (制定预算) 1 . They turn to popular budgeting apps, only to forget about them by the third day. Why not follow the 50/30/20 method? It is one of the most effective and simple budgeting methods around. According to this method, you should divide your monthly income into three 2 : 50% for “needs”, 30% for “wants”, and 20% for “savings”. “Needs” refers to the bills that you must 3 and the necessary things for survival. 4 , they include electricity and gas bills, transportation and food and drinks. These are “must-haves”. If you have to spend more than 50% of your income on your “needs”, you may need to 5 your lifestyle. For example, you may consider cooking at home, rather than eating out often. “Wants” refers to 6 costs. You choose to spend your money on these things, but could easily live without them. You could 7 at home instead of going to the sports center. You could watch sports on TV instead of getting tickets to the game. You could continue using your three-year-old backpack. 8 , you need to save 20% of your monthly income. Savings are 9 . You never know when you may lose your job or when an accident may take place. 10 the 50/30/20 method. It will help you live a happy life while making sure you have some savings to fall back on whenever you need them. 1．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．challenging 2．A．steps B．groups C．halves D．forms 3．A．pay B．buy C．return D．share 4．A．Suddenly B．Seriously C．Actually D．Simply 5．A．change B．enjoy C．improve D．create 6．A．unavailable B．uncertain C．unknown D．unnecessary 7．A．set out B．find out C．go out D．work out 8．A．As a result B．Last of all C．In short D．In general 9．A．popular B．important C．impossible D．limited 10．A．Develop B．Show C．Spread D．Try 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 Wildfires are becoming more common and powerful around the world. Research shows that climate change is a major 1 . Scientists use “climate whiplash” to describe how weather can quickly 2 from heavy rain to long dry periods. While the rain helps plants grow, the dry weather that follows causes them to 3 and become fuel (燃料) for wildfires. Wildfires are not the only natural disaster made worse by climate change. 4 the earth gets hotter, storms grow stronger, floods happen more often, and droughts (旱灾) 5 longer. Scientists 6 that, without action, these problems will continue to worsen. What can be done to reduce the 7 of wildfires? Well, we can clear dry plants. At the same time, firefighting methods should be 8 . Fighting climate change 9 strong action from governments, businesses and each one of us. Only by working together can we create a 10 future for everyone. 1．A．secret B．reason C．choice D．mistake 2．A．change B．rise C．fail D．break 3．A．go out B．come out C．dry out D．take out 4．A．If B．As C．Though D．Unless 5．A．become B．seem C．sound D．last 6．A．warn B．joke C．describe D．repeat 7．A．speed B．cost C．risk D．value 8．A．improved B．controlled C．recycled D．forgotten 9．A．protects B．prevents C．requires D．avoids 10．A．richer B．warmer C．quieter D．safer Passage 2 Recently, a study on how a new VR experience taught kids about 1 disasters was made. A famous university 2 this VR program, aiming to teach students fire safety knowledge. It creates a special situation for 9-11-year-old kids. In the situation, they need to 3 a cat of their friend before a fire breaks out. They join different 4 to learn skills of saving themselves and the cat. The study results showed that more than 75% of the students could 5 know good and bad points of different choices. They also learned to make 6 to keep safe from fire danger. Students thought it was very useful, because 88% of them had no 7 of fire risks at first, and 62% said they were too afraid to act safely in a fire. Experts said VR technology made it easy for kids to learn safety skills. “Good VR programs can offer students 8 learning ways,” said one expert. At the same time, kids know less about fire safety and are weaker than adults, 9 they face more danger in fires. “With VR lessons, we can let kids learn the 10 and know how to help themselves,” the expert added. 1．A．storm　 B．flood　 C．earthquake　 D．fire 2．A．stopped　 B．developed　 C．hated　 D．finished 3．A．look for　 B．look after　 C．look at　 D．look up 4．A．tasks　 B．reports　 C．rules　 D．activities 5．A．hardly　 B．nearly　 C．clearly　 D．suddenly 6．A．wishes　 B．friends　 C．preparations　 D．plans 7．A．knowledge　 B．money　 C．trouble　 D．interest 8．A．usual　 B．useful　 C．terrible　 D．modern 9．A．so　 B．though　 C．because　 D．if 10．A．danger　 B．culture　 C．history　 D．custom Passage 3 Floods are common natural disasters in the world. They bring much 1 to people’s lives and destroy homes and farmland. Many countries build different projects to stop floods. The Three Gorges Dam is very important in China. It lies 2 the Changjiang River. When 3 rain comes in summer, the river water rises fast. The big dam can 4 the water level. It holds back too much water and sends it out 5 . In the UK, the Thames Barrier works well too. Its big 6 can rise during high tides. It protects London from terrible floods. Most of the land in the Netherlands is low. Its projects can 7 local people from coastal floods. These great projects help people a lot. Besides man-made projects, we should also learn safety 8 . When a flood comes, we must keep 9 . We had better stay in high places and stay away from fast-running water. Natural disasters are dangerous, 10 we can keep safe with good projects and knowledge. 1．A．danger B．fun C．joy D．peace 2．A．in B．on C．of D．with 3．A．light B．heavy C．warm D．cool 4．A．control B．carry C．cover D．clear 5．A．quickly B．safely C．easily D．loudly 6．A．gates B．walls C．trees D．stones 7．A．provide B．push C．protect D．produce 8．A．hobbies B．rules C．dreams D．messages 9．A．nervous B．worried C．calm D．excited 10．A．so B．and C．because D．but 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 完形填空常考话题 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 （常考点） 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护（常考点） 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 （常考点） 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 （常考点） 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 话题1 季节、天气、自然现象 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北石家庄·期中）The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. The “yellow” in its name is from the mud (泥) and 1 . About ninety per cent of the mud and sand in the Yellow River 2 the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). A lot of mud and sand goes into the Yellow River 3 it is easy for the rain to wash the Loess Plateau away. The Yellow River starts from the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau. It runs from west to east through nine provinces and 4 runs into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long, and its area 5 about 752,443 square kilometres. It is a natural 6 of China. In Chinese history, the Yellow River is the most 7 birthplace of Chinese civilization. Ancient Chinese people lived by the river. They depended on the water to 8 . Today, the area around the Yellow River is very important for farming. The Yellow River also provides (提供) water for factories and people’s lives. What’s 9 , the Yellow River also plays an important role in Chinese culture. People created a lot of 10 , paintings, and songs about it. The Yellow River is a symbol of Chinese spirit, and we call it our “mother river”. 1．A．water B．fish C．sand D．grass 2．A．turns into B．comes from C．gets across D．looks for 3．A．if B．until C．although D．because 4．A．finally B．simply C．really D．brightly 5．A．moves B．remains C．needs D．covers 6．A．wonder B．problem C．danger D．environment 7．A．difficult B．strange C．important D．unusual 8．A．study B．survive C．manage D．continue 9．A．more B．worse C．less D．better 10．A．awards B．poems C．games D．objects 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的名称由来、地理特征、历史地位及文化意义，强调了其作为“母亲河”对中国文明的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：它名字里的“黄”来自泥和沙。 根据后文“About ninety per cent of the mud and sand”，可知黄河的“黄”来自泥沙，应选用sand，与 mud 并列，解释名称由来；water“水”、fish“鱼”、grass“草”均与“黄”的成因无关。 2．句意：黄河中约90%的泥沙来自黄土高原。 根据语境，黄河中90%的泥沙来自黄土高原，应选用“comes from”，表示来源；“turns into”意为“变成”、“gets across”意为“穿过”、“looks for”意为“寻找”，均与泥沙来源的语境不符。 3．句意：大量泥沙流入黄河，因为雨水容易冲走黄土。 根据前后句逻辑，大量泥沙进入黄河，因为雨水容易冲刷黄土高原，应选用because，引导原因状语从句；if“如果”、until“直到”、although“虽然”，均无法体现因果关系。 4．句意：它自西向东流经九个省份，最后流入渤海。 根据黄河流程，它自西向东流经九省，最终注入渤海，应选用finally，表示流程的终点；simply“简单地”、really“真正地”、brightly“明亮地”，均与流程逻辑无关。 5．句意：它的流域面积约为752443平方公里。 根据地理常识，黄河流域覆盖约752443平方公里，应选用covers，表示面积范围；moves“移动”、remains“保持”、needs“需要”，均无法与area搭配表示面积。 6．句意：它是中国的一个自然奇观。 根据语境，黄河是中国的自然奇观，应选用wonder，“natural wonder”为固定搭配，意为“自然奇观”；problem“问题”、danger“危险”、environment“环境”，均不符合黄河的正面形象。 7．句意：在中国历史上，黄河是中华文明最重要的发源地。 根据“birthplace of Chinese civilization”，可知黄河是最重要的发源地，应选用important，体现其历史地位；difficult“困难的”、strange“奇怪的”、unusual“不寻常的”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：他们依靠河水生存。 根据前文“Ancient Chinese people lived by the river”，他们依靠河水生存，应选用survive，表示依赖水源维持生命；study“学习”、manage“管理”、continue“继续”，均与生存需求无关。 9．句意：此外，黄河在中国文化中也扮演着重要角色。 根据前文提到黄河的农业、工业作用，后文补充文化意义，是递进关系，应选用more，“What’s more”为固定搭配，意为“此外”；worse“更糟”、less“更少”、better“更好”，均无法构成递进结构。 10．句意：人们创作了许多关于它的诗歌、绘画和歌曲。 根据后文“paintings, and songs”，可知人们创作了很多诗歌、画作和歌曲，应选用poems，与画作、歌曲并列，属于文化创作形式；awards“奖项”、games“游戏”、objects“物品”，均与文化创作语境不符。 Passage 2 It is autumn. A 1 wind is blowing. It blows flower seeds (种子) quite high in the air. One of the seeds is tiny. Will it be able to 2 the others? Finally, the wind stops, and seeds fall quietly down on the ground. Now it is 3 . After a long trip the seeds feel very 4 . They look just as if they are going to sleep in the earth. Snow falls and covers them like a soft white blanket (毯子). Spring comes. It gets warm. The sun shines. Rain falls. The seeds grow 5 full and round that they start to break open a little. Now they are not seeds any more. They are plants. First they put roots (根) into the earth. Then their little stems (茎) and leaves begin to grow up in the sun and air, and 6 in the wind. In the summer, it grows on and doesn’t stop. The sun shines on it 7 the rain waters it. It has many leaves. It grows taller and taller. It is much taller than the trees around it. And now some flowers grow on it. Autumn 8 . The wind blows past the flowers again. 9 petals (花瓣) drop over the land and down to the ground. The wind blows harder. The flowers have lost all their petals. Once more the wind shakes the flowers, and this time the flowers’ seed pods (荚) open. Many new seeds come out. 10 in the wind they are on the way to new plants again. 1．A．gentle　 B．strong　 C．light　 D．cold 2．A．keep away from　B．keep up with　 C．take care of　 D．get in the way of 3．A．summer　 B．spring　 C．winter　 D．autumn 4．A．relaxed　 B．tired　 C．bored　 D．excited 5．A．so　 B．too　 C．such　 D．quite 6．A．dance　 B．sing　 C．fly　 D．shake 7．A．as　 B．and　 C．but　 D．or 8．A．passes　 B．comes　 C．leaves　 D．returns 9．A．Our B．Its　 C．My　 D．Their　 10．A．Suddenly　 B．Quickly　 C．Surprisingly　 D．Slowly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述秋日大风将花种吹向远方，种子历经冬天沉睡、春日生根发芽、夏日茁壮成长，秋日再结新种、随风开启新旅程的故事。 1．句意：秋天了，一阵大风正在吹拂。 根据后文风吹起花种、风力明显，strong“强劲的、大的”符合语境；gentle轻柔的、strange奇怪的，均不符合风吹种子的情节。 2．句意：其中一颗种子很小，它能跟上其他种子吗？ keep up with意为“跟上、赶上”，贴合弱小种子能否跟随同伴的语境；keep away from远离，get in the way of妨碍，都不符合句意。 3．句意：现在到了冬天。 根据后文下雪、白雪像毯子覆盖种子，可知此处是冬天winter；summer夏天、spring春天，和下雪的场景矛盾。 4．句意：漫长的旅程过后，种子们感觉十分疲惫。 长途漂泊过后种子应该是tired疲惫的；relaxed放松的、bored无聊的，不符合旅途奔波的状态。 5．句意：种子长得饱满圆润，以至于外壳开始微微裂开。 固定句型so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，so后接形容词；too搭配to，such后接名词短语，因此选so。 6．句意：小小的茎叶在阳光空气中生长，在风中摇曳起舞。 dance跳舞、摇曳，用来形容植物在风中摆动，生动形象；sing唱歌、fly飞翔，不符合植物的特点。 7．句意：阳光照耀着它，雨水滋润着它。 前后两句是并列的有利生长的条件，应用and连接；as因为、but但是，逻辑关系不符。 8．句意：秋天回来了。 文章首尾呼应，开头是秋天，此处表示秋天再度到来，应用returns；comes到来，缺少对季节轮回的体现，leaves离开，搭配不当。 9．句意：花朵的花瓣飘落在大地、落到地面。 指代前文的flowers（复数），要用形容词性物主代词Their它们的；Its它的指代单数，Those不能修饰名词。 10．句意：它们很快乘着风，再次踏上长成新植物的旅途。 结合语境，新种子随风飘散，Quickly迅速地、很快地符合场景；Suddenly突然地、Surprisingly出人意料地，不符合文意。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Spring is the most beautiful season of the year. It comes after the cold winter and brings new life to the world. When spring arrives, the 1 starts to rise, and the snow and ice on the mountains 2 slowly. The trees turn green, and the flowers 3 in all kinds of colors. The wind blows 4 , and the air is fresh and clean. People love spring very much. It’s a perfect time for 5 activities. We can go hiking in the mountains, 6 kites in the park, or have picnics by the lake. Children enjoy 7 on the green grass and chasing butterflies. They laugh and run, and their happiness fills the air. Farmers also like spring, because it’s a good time to 8 seeds and plants. They know that “A year’s plan starts with spring”. Spring is a season of hope. It 9 people energy and makes them look forward to a good year. Everyone 10 spring, because it is full of life and beauty. 1．A．water B．temperature C．wind D．snow 2．A．melt B．melts C．melted D．melting 3．A．open B．grow C．bloom D．come 4．A．gentle B．gently C．strong D．strongly 5．A．indoor B．inside C．outdoor D．outside 6．A．fly B．play C．make D．do 7．A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 8．A．buy B．plant C．collect D．pick 9．A．takes B．brings C．gets D．gives 10．A．loves B．love C．hated D．hate 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述春天是一年最美的季节，带来新生与希望，适合户外活动，农民播种，人人都喜爱充满生机的春天。 1．句意：当春天到来时，气温开始上升，山上的冰雪慢慢融化。 water水；temperature气温；wind风；snow雪。根据“starts to rise, and the snow and ice on the mountains...”可知，此处指气温开始上升。故选B。 2．句意：当春天到来时，气温开始上升，山上的冰雪慢慢融化。 melt融化，动词原形；melts融化，第三人称单数；melted融化，过去式/过去分词；melting融化，现在分词/动名词。根据“the snow and ice on the mountains”可知，主语是复数，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故选A。 3．句意：树木变绿，鲜花以各种颜色盛开。 open打开；grow生长；bloom盛开；come来。根据“the flowers...in all kinds of colors”可知，此处指鲜花盛开。故选C。 4．句意：风轻柔地吹着，空气清新干净。 gentle轻柔的，形容词；gently轻柔地，副词；strong强壮的，形容词；strongly强烈地，副词。根据“blows”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词blows，结合春天的特点，风是轻柔地吹。故选B。 5．句意：这是进行户外活动的绝佳时机。 indoor室内的，形容词；inside在里面，副词/介词；outdoor户外的，形容词；outside在外面，副词/介词。根据“go hiking in the mountains...kites in the park, or have picnics by the lake”可知，这些都是户外活动，此处修饰名词activities用形容词outdoor。故选C。 6．句意：我们可以去山里徒步旅行，在公园里放风筝，或者在湖边野餐。 fly放飞；play玩耍；make制作；do做。根据“kites”可知，fly kites是固定搭配，意为“放风筝”。故选A。 7．句意：孩子们喜欢在绿色的草地上玩耍，追逐蝴蝶。 play玩耍，动词原形；to play玩耍，动词不定式；playing玩耍，现在分词/动名词；played玩耍，动词过去式/过去分词。根据“enjoy”可知，enjoy doing sth.是固定结构，意为“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词。故选C。 8．句意：农民也喜欢春天，因为这是播种和种植植物的好时机。 buy买；plant种植；collect收集；pick采摘。根据“seeds and plants”可知，plant seeds意为“播种”，符合语境。故选B。 9．句意：它带给人们能量，让他们期待美好的一年。 takes拿走；brings带来；gets得到；gives给予。根据“people energy and makes them look forward to a good year”可知，此处指春天带给人们能量。故选B。 10．句意：每个人都喜欢春天，因为它充满了生机和美丽。 loves喜欢，动词第三人称单数；love喜欢，动词原形；hated讨厌，动词过去式；hate讨厌，动词原形。根据“because it is full of life and beauty”可知，人们喜欢春天，主语是Everyone，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。 话题2 安全与救护、自我保护 Passage 1 （2026·安徽阜阳·期末）The school holiday is coming! It’s very important to stay 1 while having fun, whether at home, in the park, at the beach or online. If you go swimming, whether in a 2 or a river, always have an adult with you. At the beach, swim only between the red and yellow flags, where lifeguards (救生员) can help quickly when you’re 3 . Remember the strong summer sun. Even when the weather isn’t too hot, put on a hat or use an umbrella to 4 getting sunburned. When you’re outside alone, never go anywhere with 5 or accept food from them. Ask people you 6 for help if you feel unsafe. Many of you will spend time 7 indoors, too. The holiday is a 8 time to play games and chat with people online, but you should be very careful. Never share your personal information online, including your real name, ID card number, and home 9 . Choose games that are suitable for your age and remember to 10 your screen time. Take regular (定期的) breaks to rest your eyes and body. 1．A．safe B．quiet C．happy D．comfortable 2．A．hole B．pool C．field D．forest 3．A．in place B．in person C．in danger D．in public 4．A．push B．hide C．avoid D．protect 5．A．children B．friends C．strangers D．guards 6．A．trust B．dislike C．doubt D．admire 7．A．running B．relaxing C．joining D．laughing 8．A．brave B．perfect C．patient D．polite 9．A．conversation B．language C．service D．address 10．A．start B．control C．forget D．increase 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕学校假期的安全注意事项展开，从户外游泳、防晒、陌生人交往和线上活动等方面，介绍了如何在享受假期的同时保障自身安全。 【详解】1．句意：在玩乐时保持安全非常重要，无论是在家、在公园、在海滩还是在网上。 根据后文游泳安全、防晒、防陌生人、防网络风险等内容，全文核心是假期安全，因此应用safe“安全的”。quiet“安静的”；happy“开心的”；comfortable“舒适的”均不符合文章主旨。 2．句意：如果你去游泳，无论是在泳池还是在河里，一定要有成年人陪同。 根据上下文的“swimming”和“river”，此处应填游泳的场所，因此应用pool“泳池”。hole“洞”；field“田野”；forest“森林”都不是游泳的合理场所。 3．句意：在海滩上，只在红黄两旗之间游泳，当你处于危险中时，救生员可以迅速提供帮助。 救生员的作用是在人遇到危险时提供帮助，因此应用 in danger “处于危险中”。in place “在正确位置”；in person “亲自”；in public “公开地” 均不符合救生员的工作场景。 4．句意：即使天气不太热，也要戴上帽子或用伞来避免晒伤。 戴帽子、打伞的目的是防止晒伤，因此应用avoid“避免”。push“推”；hide“隐藏”；protect“保护”用法不当，protect后需接宾语，此处用avoid getting sunburned更自然。 5．句意：当你独自在外时，永远不要和陌生人去任何地方，也不要接受他们的食物。 根据后文“feel unsafe”的提示，此处指不能和陌生人接触，因此应用strangers“陌生人”。children“孩子”；friends“朋友”；guards“警卫”均不符合安全常识的语境。 6．句意：如果你感到不安全，可以向你信任的人求助。 不安全时应该向信任的人求助，因此应用trust“信任”。dislike“不喜欢”；doubt“怀疑”；admire“钦佩”均不符合求助的逻辑。 7．句意：你们中的许多人也会花时间在室内放松。 假期在室内的常见活动是放松，因此应用relaxing“放松”。running“跑步”通常是室外活动；joining“加入”后需接宾语；laughing“笑”不是室内活动的核心描述。 8．句意：假期是玩游戏和在网上聊天的绝佳时间，但你要非常小心。 假期是进行这些活动的合适时机，因此应用perfect“绝佳的、合适的”。brave“勇敢的”；patient“耐心的”；polite“礼貌的”均无法修饰“time”表达该含义。 9．句意：永远不要在网上分享你的个人信息，包括你的真实姓名、身份证号和家庭地址。 根据个人信息的范畴，此处应填家庭地址，因此应用address“地址”。conversation“对话”；language“语言”；service“服务”均不属于需要保护的个人隐私信息。 10．句意：选择适合你年龄的游戏，记得控制你的屏幕时间。 后文提到“定期休息以保护眼睛和身体”，说明需要控制玩电子设备的时间，因此应用control“控制”。start“开始”；forget“忘记”；increase“增加”均不符合健康用眼的要求。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·广东梅州·期中）Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has worked in a 1 for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 2 than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, 3 he was working in the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up quickly to see what 4 . The woman’s 15-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of 5 and her face turned 6 . The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so worried that she didn’t know how to save her daughter properly. 7 , Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his arms without thinking twice. With the mother’s help, Wang Ping held the baby upside 8 and gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby 9 to cry. Her mom was so thankful because Wang Ping saved her daughter. Wang Ping 10 his best and saved the baby’s life. In his opinion, helping others is just helping himself. He hoped more people could volunteer to help the people in need if possible. 1．A．school B．zoo C．park D．hospital 2．A．happier B．happy C．happily D．happiest 3．A．if B．before C．until D．while 4．A．did B．happened C．told D．found 5．A．pear B．apple C．banana D．biscuit 6．A．yellow B．purple C．brown D．orange 7．A．Luckily B．Unluckily C．Quickly D．Slowly 8．A．down B．up C．left D．right 9．A．wanted B．began C．planned D．used 10．A．controlled B．decided C．tried D．took 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位清洁工王平在公园工作时，利用急救知识成功救助了一名被梨噎住的婴儿的感人故事。 【详解】1．句意：他在一个公园工作了5年。 后文“he was working in the park”表明工作地点是公园，应用park。school“学校”、zoo“动物园”、hospital“医院”均与后文提到的park不符。 2．句意：没有什么比在空闲时间陪女儿玩更让他开心的了。 “make sb+形容词”是固定结构，且“than”表明需用比较级形式，应用happier。happy是原级、happily是副词原级、happiest是最高级，均不符合语法结构。 3．句意：上周二下午，当他在公园工作时，突然听到一位女士呼救。 “he was working”是过去进行时，强调主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中，应用while引导时间状语从句。if表条件、before“在……之前”，until“直到”均不符合语境。 4．句意：他迅速跑上去看发生了什么事。 根据上下文，女子在呼救，他跑过去是为了看发生了什么事，what happened表示“发生了什么”，符合语境。did“做”、told“告诉”、found“发现”，代入后语义不通顺。 5．句意：这名女子15个月大的女儿被一小块梨噎住了，她的脸变紫了。 后文“getting the piece of pear out”表明噎住的是梨，应用pear。apple“苹果”、banana“香蕉”、biscuit“饼干”，均与后文提到的pear不符。 6．句意：这名女子15个月大的女儿被一小块梨噎住了，她的脸变紫了。 根据上下文，婴儿窒息时会因缺氧脸色发紫，应用purple。yellow“黄色”、brown“棕色”、orange“橙色”均不符合窒息时的脸色特征。 7．句意：幸运的是，王平知道做什么。 “Wang Ping knew what to do.”指出他知道如何救人，因此是幸运的，应用Luckily。Unluckily表负面，不符合语境；Quickly“迅速地”、Slowly“缓慢地”均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：在母亲的帮助下，王平把婴儿倒置并轻拍她的背。 根据常识，婴儿被噎住时，急救动作需将婴儿倒置，upside down“倒置”，符合语境。up“向上”、left“向左”、right“向右”均不符合急救常识。 9．句意：片刻之后，他成功把梨块从婴儿嘴里弄出来，婴儿开始哭了起来。 “getting the piece of pear out of her mouth”可知，异物取出后婴儿恢复呼吸开始哭，应用began。wanted“想要”、planned“计划”、used“使用”均不符合婴儿此时的状态。 10．句意：王平尽最大努力救了孩子的命。 根据上下文，王平尽最大努力救了这个婴儿，固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽最大努力”，过去式为tried。controlled“控制”、decided“决定”、took“带走”均无法与his best构成合理搭配。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Nowadays, teenagers spend a lot of time online. They use the Internet to study, play games and 1 with friends. However, it is very important to keep our 2 safe. Every time you go online, you leave a 3 footprint. This footprint is made up of all the things you do on the Internet. For example, when you 4 photos, write comments, or click on a link, you are adding to your digital footprint. Even when you use 5 recognition to unlock your phone, data is recorded. Some of this information might be 6 by strangers or hackers. If you are not careful, they might steal your 7 information, like your home address, phone number or bank account. This can cause serious 8 for you and your family. So, what can we do to protect ourselves? First, you should make your passwords strong and change them regularly. Never use simple numbers like “123456” or your birthday. Second, be 9 about what you share on social media. It is 10 a complex world out there that you should not trust everyone you meet on the Internet. Finally, if you meet cyber bullies, don’t be afraid. You should tell your parents or teachers immediately. 1．A．socialise B．argue C．fight D．disagree 2．A．money B．data C．books D．clothes 3．A．physical B．digital C．traditional D．national 4．A．steal B．copy C．post D．print 5．A．voice B．facial C．eye D．hand 6．A．collected B．washed C．forgotten D．forgiven 7．A．natural B．personal C．medical D．funny 8．A．jokes B．rules C．trouble D．fun 9．A．excited B．crazy C．careless D．careful 10．A．so B．such C．too D．very 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了如今青少年花费大量时间上网，他们在网上学习、玩游戏和与朋友社交，但保持网络数据安全非常重要，因为每次上网都会留下数字足迹，一些信息可能被陌生人或黑客收集，导致个人信息被盗并给自身和家庭带来严重麻烦，最后还给出了保护自己的建议。 1．句意：他们使用互联网学习、玩游戏以及和朋友社交。 根据语境，青少年上网除了学习、玩游戏，和朋友的常见活动就是社交，socialise“社交”符合。argue“争论”、fight“打架”、disagree“不同意”均不符合朋友间上网的常见活动。 2．句意：然而，保持我们的数据安全是非常重要的。 下文提到每次上网都会留下足迹，且后续讲述信息可能被盗等，这些都与网络数据相关，所以这里说的是保持数据安全，data“数据”符合。money“钱”、books“书”、clothes“衣服”与上网安全话题不相关。 3．句意：每次你上网，都会留下一个数字足迹。 根据后文“This footprint is made up of all the things you do on the Internet.”可知，这个足迹是由在网上做的所有事情组成的，所以是数字足迹，digital“数字的”符合。physical“身体的”、traditional“传统的”、national“国家的”均不符合语境。 4．句意：例如，当你发布照片、写评论或点击链接时，你就在增加你的数字足迹。 在网上发布照片是常见操作，且会留下数字痕迹，post“发布”符合。steal“偷”、copy“复制”、print“打印”与增加数字足迹的语境不符。 5．句意：甚至当你使用面部识别解锁手机时，数据也会被记录。 根据常识，现在常用面部识别解锁手机，facial recognition“面部识别”符合。voice“声音”、eye“眼睛”、hand“手”均不符合解锁手机的常见生物识别方式。 6．句意：其中一些信息可能会被陌生人或黑客收集。 因为是在网上留下的信息，所以存在被陌生人或黑客收集的可能性，collected“收集”符合。washed“洗”、forgotten“忘记”、forgiven“原谅”均与信息处理方式不相关。 7．句意：如果你不小心，他们可能会窃取你的个人信息，比如你的家庭住址、电话号码或银行账户。 家庭住址、电话号码、银行账户都属于个人信息，personal“个人的”符合。natural“自然的”、medical“医学的”、funny“有趣的”均不符合语境。 8．句意：这可能会给你和你的家人带来严重的麻烦。 个人信息被盗通常会导致麻烦，trouble“麻烦”符合。jokes“玩笑”、rules“规则”、fun“乐趣”均不符合信息被盗后的后果。 9．句意：其次，对于你在社交媒体上分享的内容要小心。 因为网上存在信息泄露等风险，所以对于在社交媒体分享的内容要小心，careful“小心的”符合。excited“兴奋的”、crazy“疯狂的”、careless“粗心的”均不符合保护个人信息的语境。 10．句意：外面的世界如此复杂，以至于你不应该相信你在网上遇到的每一个人。 “such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that...”是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，这里符合该句型结构，such符合。so“如此”后面一般接形容词或副词；too“太”常用于“too...to...”结构；very“非常”一般不用于此结构。 话题3 体育与健康、运动精神 Passage 1 Nowadays, marathon is becoming more and more popular all over the world. It is a special long-distance running sport. The 1 marathon comes from an old story in Greece. A full marathon is about 42 kilometers. It is not easy to finish it, so runners must 2 hard for a long time. They keep running day by day. During the race, many people stand 3 the road and cheer for the runners warmly. Marathon is not only a sport but also a good way to develop one’s 4 . It teaches people to be strong and confident. Many people take part in it to keep healthy, make new friends and enjoy the 5 of different places. Before running, we should get into good habits. It is important to warm up before the race and 6 down after it. Marathon tells us the spirit of trying. If we keep moving on, we will solve all kinds of 7 bravely. I once joined a small marathon. At the beginning, I felt 8 and ran fast. But halfway through, I was so tired that I wanted to give up. However, I told myself not to stop. I slowed down and kept going bit by bit. With the cheers from other people, I finally reached the finishing line. Although I was not the 9 , I was really proud of myself. Marathon teaches us that success does not depend on 10 , but on keeping trying. When we meet difficulties in study or life, we should be brave and never give up easily. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．strange D．important 2．A．promise B．pronounce C．provide D．practice 3．A．through B．along C．on D．opposite 4．A．will B．condition C．experience D．mind 5．A．bottom B．balance C．behave D．beauty 6．A．clear B．cool C．check D．close 7．A．difficulties B．disadvantages C．activities D．diseases 8．A．energetic B．surprised C．empty D．healthy 9．A．last B．first C．second D．third 10．A．stress B．smoke C．shape D．Speed 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了马拉松运动的起源、训练及精神内涵，并通过作者亲身经历，告诉我们成功取决于坚持而非速度。 【详解】1．句意：现代马拉松起源于一个古希腊的古老故事。 后文提到来自古希腊的古老故事，因此这里指的是“现代马拉松”的起源。ancient（古代的）与后文 “古老故事” 语义重复；strange（奇怪的），important（重要的）均与“起源”的语境无关，故排除。故选modern。 2．句意：完成它并不容易，所以跑步者必须长时间刻苦练习。 结合跑完42公里不容易的语境，跑步者需要通过“练习”来准备。promise（承诺），pronounce（发音），provide（提供）不符合语境，故选practice。 3．句意：比赛期间，许多人站在路边热情地为选手加油。 根据“the road and cheer for the runners warmly”，“along the road”是固定搭配，意为“沿着路边”，符合观众在赛道旁加油的场景。through（穿过）强调从物体内部穿过；on（在……上）表示表面接触；opposite（在……对面）表示方位相对，均不符合“观众在赛道旁”的语境，故排除。故选along。 4．句意：马拉松不仅是一项运动，也是锻炼一个人意志的好方式。 根据后文“It teaches people to be strong and confident.”，马拉松能锻炼人的“意志”，condition（条件），experience（经历），mind（头脑 / 心智）不符合句意均排除。故选will。 5．句意：许多人参加马拉松来保持健康、结交新朋友，并欣赏不同地方的美景。 “enjoy the beauty of different places”是固定搭配，意为“欣赏不同地方的美景”。bottom（底部），balance（平衡），behave（行为）均与“欣赏不同地方”的语境无关，均排除。故选beauty。 6．句意：赛前热身和赛后放松很重要。 cool down是固定搭配，意为“放松、做整理运动”，和前文的“warm up”（热身）对应，其他选项无此用法均排除。故选cool。 7．句意：如果我们一直前进，我们会勇敢地解决各种各样的困难。 根据后文“When we meet difficulties in study or life”，此处指“解决困难”。disadvantages（缺点），activities（活动），diseases（疾病）均不符合句意。故选difficulties。 8．句意：一开始，我感觉精力充沛，跑得很快。 根据后文“ran fast”，比赛开始时的状态应该是“精力充沛的”。surprised（惊讶的），empty（空的），healthy（健康的）不符合此处语境。故选energetic。 9．句意：虽然我不是第一名，但我真的为自己感到骄傲。 结合前文“中途很累想放弃，最后坚持到终点”，作者强调的是坚持的意义，而非名次。last（最后一名）与“为自己骄傲”的情感不符；second（第二名），third（第三名）未体现“不看重名次”的主旨，均排除。故选first，表示“不是第一名”。 10．句意：马拉松告诉我们，成功不取决于速度，而在于不断尝试。 根据后文“but on keeping trying”，前文表达的是成功不取决于“速度”。stress（压力），smoke（烟雾），shape（形状）均与“马拉松成功的关键”无关，均排除。故选speed。 Passage 2 Sports and games are lots of fun! Imagine playing soccer with your friends. The main thing is to score 1 . When you kick the ball into the net, it feels great! Each goal gives your team a 2 . When your team gets higher points, your team wins the game. Sometimes your team might win, and sometimes it might lose, but it’s always 3 to play. In a big game, like an important match, teams try very hard to win. Players need to work together to find the best 4 to score. To help the team play better and work as one, a good 5 is important. He or she can give players advice and make sure everyone works as a team! Players with great talent and lots of practice are more likely to succeed. If you’re really skilled, you might even score the winning goal that makes your team get the top 6 ! Watching games is fun too. Fans go to the sports field, so they can 7 loudly for their favorite team. Sometimes, if a player is 8 , the coach will let another player take his or her place. In sports, it’s important to play well with others and listen to your coach. 9 is also very important. Whether it’s soccer, basketball, or any other sport, the 10 you play, the better you’ll get. So get a ball, invite your friends, and have fun playing sports! Remember, every game is a chance to learn and grow. 1．A．points B．goals C．records D．marks 2．A．record B．point C．game D．prize 3．A．exciting B．difficult C．famous D．tiring 4．A．rule B．action C．chance D．reason 5．A．customer B．parent C．pilot D．coach 6．A．prize B．name C．seat D．list 7．A．sing B．cheer C．ask D．read 8．A．happy B．angry C．hurt D．busy 9．A．Luck B．Teamwork C．Health D．Practice 10．A．later B．sooner C．earlier D．More 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了体育运动的乐趣、团队配合、教练的作用以及刻苦练习的重要性，告诉我们多运动、多练习才能不断进步。 【详解】1．句意：最主要的事情就是进球得分。 根据后文“When you kick the ball into the net”和“Each goal”可知，踢球的核心是进球，应用goals。points“分数”、records“记录”、marks“分数”均不符合踢球进球的固定表达。 2．句意：每一次进球都能给球队赢得一分。 根据后文“When your team gets higher points”可知，进球可以获得分数，应用point。record“记录”、game“比赛”、prize“奖品”均不符合语境。 3．句意：有时你的队伍会赢，有时会输，但参与运动总是令人兴奋的。 根据前文“Sports and games are lots of fun!”可知运动充满乐趣，应用exciting。difficult“困难的”、famous“著名的”、tiring“疲惫的”均和全文积极的语境不符。 4．句意：球员需要合作，寻找最佳机会进球得分。 结合比赛常识，球队配合是为了抓住进球机会，应用chance。rule“规则”、action“行动”、reason“原因”均不符合句意。 5．句意：为了帮助球队发挥更好、团结协作，一位优秀的教练十分重要。 根据后文“He or she can give players advice”以及后文多次出现coach，可知能指导球员的是教练，应用coach。customer“顾客”、parent“父母”、pilot“飞行员”均不符合身份。 6．句意：如果你技术精湛，甚至可以踢进制胜球，让球队拿下最高奖项。 结合语境，制胜球可以帮助队伍获得冠军奖项，应用prize。name“名字”、seat“座位”、list“清单”均不符合比赛语境。 7．句意：球迷来到运动场，为自己喜欢的球队大声欢呼。 结合常识，球迷观赛会为球队欢呼加油，应用cheer。sing“唱歌”、ask“询问”、read“阅读”均不符合球迷行为。 8．句意：有时候，如果球员受伤，教练会安排其他人替换他。 根据后文“take his or her place”替补上场，可知是球员受伤需要换人，应用hurt。happy“开心的”、angry“生气的”、busy“忙碌的”均不满足换人逻辑。 9．句意：练习也是非常重要的。 根据后文“the more you play, the better you’ll get”多练习就会进步，可知本段讲述练习的重要性，应用Practice。Luck“运气”、Teamwork“团队合作”、Health“健康”均不符合本段主旨。 10．句意：无论足球、篮球还是其他运动，你练习得越多，就会变得越好。 固定句式：the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……越……”，此处指练习更多，应用more。later“稍后”、sooner“更早”、earlier“更早”均不符合句式和语境。 Passage 3 Do you know Tai Chi? It is a very special Chinese sport. It is also an important part of Chinese 1 . Many people around the world love it. Tai Chi is different from other sports like running or basketball. It is not fast. People move their bodies in 2 , soft ways. They move their hands and head in beautiful ways. It looks like a slow and quiet 3 . Tai Chi is good for our body. It can make us strong and 4 . It can also help us feel happy and relaxed. When we do Tai Chi, we need to 5 our body and mind. We take in the clean air slowly. This gives us more 6 . People of all ages can do Tai Chi. It is not 7 to start. You do not need any balls or rackets. You just need a 8 place. Many people like to do Tai Chi in parks in the morning. Tai Chi is also good for our mind. It can help us 9 calm (平和的) and relaxed. If we are tired or busy, Tai Chi can help us relax. Today, Tai Chi is famous around the world. People in many countries learn and 10 it. It is a wonderful gift from Chinese culture to the world. Would you like to try it? 1．A．culture B．history C．music D．science 2．A．quick B．slow C．playful D．easy 3．A．game B．song C．picture D．dance 4．A．tall B．fit C．blind D．heavy 5．A．focus on B．turn off C．look at D．cut in 6．A．food B．time C．energy D．water 7．A．boring B．important C．interesting D．difficult 8．A．poor B．high C．quiet D．special 9．A．excuse B．keep C．lend D．stop 10．A．watch B．change C．practise D．remember 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了太极拳这一中国传统运动，讲述了它的特点、对身心的好处，以及它在全球的流行情况。 【详解】1．句意：它也是中国文化的重要组成部分。 culture表示“文化”，太极拳是中国文化的重要组成部分，符合语境。history历史，music音乐，science科学，均不符合。 2．句意：人们以缓慢、柔和的方式移动身体。 slow表示“缓慢的”，与后文的soft ways以及前文提到的not fast呼应。quick快的，playful有趣的，easy容易的，均不符合。 3．句意：它看起来像一场缓慢而安静的舞蹈。 dance表示“舞蹈”，与太极拳柔和优美的动作特点相符。game游戏，song歌曲，picture图片，均不符合。 4．句意：它能让我们强壮和健康。 fit表示“健康的”，与strong并列，符合运动对身体的好处。tall高的，blind盲的，heavy重的，均不符合。 5．句意：打太极拳时，我们需要专注于我们的身心。 focus on表示“专注于”，符合太极需要宁神静气的特点。turn off关闭，look at看，cut in打断，均不符合。 6．句意：这给了我们更多的能量。 energy表示“能量”，与前文“吸入清新空气”带来的效果呼应。food食物，time时间，water水，均不符合。 7．句意：开始练习并不难。 difficult表示“困难的”，后文提到不需要特殊器材，所以不难。boring无聊的，important重要的，interesting有趣的，均不符合。 8．句意：你只需要一个安静的地方。 quiet表示“安静的”，符合打太极的环境要求。poor贫穷的，high高的，special特别的，均不符合。 9．句意：它可以帮助我们保持平和与放松。 keep calm表示“保持平和”，符合太极对心理的益处。excuse原谅，lend借，stop停止，均不符合。 10．句意：许多国家的人们学习并练习它。 practise表示“练习”，与learn并列，符合学习太极的行为。watch观看，change改变，remember记住，均不符合。 话题4 公共秩序、规则与礼仪 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Harry is a boy from the USA．He is the only child of his parents, 1 his mother is strict with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework such as cleaning the room, doing the 2 and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t 3 to do housework. Harry feels terrible and wants to 4 the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for three hours after school, and he gets home 5 . Harry’s mother is worried about his safety and scolds (责备) him after he 6 home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! Why do you make so many rules for me?” “Don’t you know I make the rules to help you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am 7 ,” his mother says. After hearing his mother’s words, Harry says 8 to his mother. And he 9 to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules to help us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to 10 their love to us. 1．A．though B．or C．but D．because 2．A．flowers B．dishes C．homework D．faces 3．A．wait B．plan C．start D．need 4．A．talk about B．write down C．ask for D．think of 5．A．late B．early C．well D．quickly 6．A．watches B．arrives C．cleans D．drives 7．A．happy B．afraid C．busy D．rich 8．A．sorry B．bye C．hello D．thanks 9．A．leads B．forgets C．learns D．says 10．A．carry B．lend C．sell D．show 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了男孩哈里因母亲严格且制定很多规则而感到不满，后来明白规则是母亲表达爱的另一种方式的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他是父母的独生子，但他的母亲对他很严格。 根据“He is the only child of his parents”和“his mother is strict with him”之间是转折关系。though意为“虽然”；or意为“或者，否则”；but意为“但是”；because 意为“因为”，所以用but连接。 2．句意：他得帮妈妈做家务，像打扫房间、洗碗和整理床铺。 根据“do housework such as cleaning the room, doing the... and making the bed”可知这里是在列举家务，do the dishes是“洗碗碟”，属于家务，flowers“花”、homework“作业”、faces“脸”均不符合做家务的语境，所以选dishes。 3．句意：但是他的朋友迈克不需要做家务。 根据语境可知，哈里的朋友迈克不需要做家务。wait意为“等待”；plan意为“计划”；start意为“开始”；need意为“需要”。doesn’t need to do sth.表示“不需要做某事”，符合语境，所以选need。 4．句意：哈里感觉很糟糕，想和妈妈谈论这些规则。 哈里感觉很糟糕，所以想和妈妈谈论这些规则。talk about意为“谈论”；write down意为“写下”；ask for意为“请求，要求”；think of意为“想起，认为”。所以选talk about。 5．句意：一天，哈里放学后打了三个小时篮球，然后回家晚了。 根据“One day, Harry plays basketball for three hours after school”可知他放学后打篮球打了三个小时，所以回家晚了。late意为“晚地”；early意为“早地”；well意为“好地”；quickly意为“快速地”，所以选late。 6．句意：哈里的妈妈很担心他的安全，在他到家后责备了他。 妈妈担心他的安全，在他到家后责备他。arrive home意为“到家”，watch“观看”、clean“打扫”、drive“驾驶”均不符合语境。所以选arrives。 7．句意：我希望当我忙碌的时候，你能照顾自己。 妈妈说制定规则是为了帮助他，希望在自己忙的时候他能照顾好自己。happy意为“高兴的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；busy意为“忙碌的”；rich意为“富有的”。所以选busy。 8．句意：听了妈妈的话后，哈里向妈妈道了歉。 哈里听了妈妈的话后，应该是向妈妈说对不起。say sorry to sb.意为“向某人说对不起”；bye“再见”、hello“你好”、thanks“谢谢”均不符合语境。所以选sorry。 9．句意：他学着做家务，所以现在他能自己做很多事了。 他学会了做家务，所以现在能自己做很多事情。learn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”；lead“带领”、forget“忘记”、say“说”均不符合语境。所以选learns。 10．句意：这只是他们向我们表达爱的另一种方式。 父母制定规则是另一种向我们展示爱的方式。show 意为“展示”；carry 意为“携带”；lend 意为“借出”；sell 意为“卖”。所以选show。 Passage 2 Do you want to make progress and succeed in your life? Here is some advice for 1 . First, keep your body 2 . As the old saying goes, “A sound mind in a sound body.” This is true for sports, studying, and health! 3 every day helps you keep away from an awful mood. You can jog, swim or play ball games. This helps you keep fit and stay full of 4 . A healthy body makes you learn better. Second, 5 rules to grow better. Rules help us become better persons! For example, wearing uniforms can build school spirit and make us a 6 . Arriving on time, being polite and finishing homework help us develop good 7 . It’s our duty to 8 animals and nature. Animals are an important part of our world. Always take good care of them, and never kill animals. Remember: every small act 9 . Dear friends, being a good student 10 caring for yourself, your school, your family and your world. Let’s start today—study hard, respect rules, and love nature. Together, we can make our future better than it is today! 1．A．parents B．teachers C．teenagers D．adults 2．A．strong B．healthy C．relaxing D．beautiful 3．A．Working out B．Sleeping early C．Hanging out D．Eating well 4．A．energy B．spirit C．money D．hope 5．A．break B．make C．follow D．think 6．A．person B．team C．friend D．family 7．A．grades B．bodies C．rules D．habits 8．A．protect B．feed C．visit D．carry 9．A．speaks B．writes C．counts D．leaves 10．A．means B．practises C．understands D．chooses 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇建议类说明文，作者向青少年提出了三条建议：保持身体健康、遵守规则成长、保护动物与自然，号召青少年从今天做起，努力学习、尊重规则、热爱自然，共同创造更美好的未来。 1．句意：你想在生活中取得进步和成功吗？这里有一些给青少年的建议。 文章结尾出现“Dear friends, being a good student...”，全文围绕学生身份展开，建议的对象显然是青少年。parents父母；teachers老师；adults成年人，不符合受众。 2．句意：首先，保持你的身体健康。 后文引用谚语“A sound mind in a sound body”（健全的精神寓于健全的身体），并提到运动、学习、健康等多方面，强调的是身体整体健康。strong强壮的；relaxing令人放松的；beautiful漂亮的，不符逻辑。 3．句意：每天锻炼帮助你远离糟糕的情绪。 后文紧接着举例“You can jog, swim or play ball games”（你可以慢跑、游泳或打球），这些全部属于锻炼活动，与Working out完全对应。Sleeping early早睡；Hanging out闲逛；Eating well合理饮食，不契合下文运动举例。 4．句意：这帮助你保持健康，并且充满精力。 前文说锻炼帮助保持健康，逻辑上应是让人充满精力和活力。“stay full of energy”是英语中常见的固定搭配。spirit精神；money金钱；hope希望，不符合运动带来的状态。 5．句意：第二，遵守规则来变得更好。 后文说“Rules help us become better persons”（规则帮助我们成为更好的人），并列举了穿校服、准时到校等例子，这些都是遵守规则的表现。break打破；make制定；think思考，不合句意。 6．句意：例如，穿校服可以建立学校精神，并且让我们成为一个团队。 穿校服的目的是增强“school spirit”（学校精神），让大家有集体归属感，成为一个团队，体现团结一致。person个人；friend朋友；family家庭，不符。 7．句意：准时到达、礼貌待人和完成作业帮助我们养成好的习惯。 准时、礼貌、完成作业——这些都是日常行为举止，长期坚持会养成好的习惯（good habits），而非直接变成成绩或规则。grades成绩；bodies身体；rules规则，搭配不当。 8．句意：保护动物和自然是我们的责任。 后文说“Always take good care of them, and never kill animals”（照顾好它们，绝不杀害动物），这正是保护动物的具体表现。feed喂养；visit参观；carry携带，不符。 9．句意：记住：每一个小小的行为都很重要。 “every small act counts”是英语中的经典表达，意为“每一个小小的举动都很重要/都有意义”。speaks说话；writes书写；leaves留下，不适用。 10．句意：亲爱的朋友们，做一个好学生意味着关心你自己、你的学校、你的家庭和你的世界。 这里是在定义“好学生”的内涵——好学生意味着要关心自己、学校、家庭和世界，表示解释说明，用means最恰当。practises练习；understands理解；chooses选择，逻辑不通。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·河北保定·期中）Following public rules is an important part of our lives. It makes our lives safe and tidy. But some people still don’t 1 the rules in daily life. Last Sunday, I went to the bus stop with my mom. There were many people 2 for the bus. We all stood in a line 3 . Suddenly, a young man walked in front of us and cut in line. Everyone 4 him, but he didn’t care. An old grandpa told him to stand at the 5 of the line, but he said nothing and didn’t move. This small thing may not seem important, but it can 6 many problems. Cutting in line is not polite. If everyone cuts in line, the bus stop will be in a 7 . And it’s unfair to the people who wait in line quietly. In some foreign countries, breaking such small rules is even against the 8 . For example, littering in public places will get you a fine (罚款) according to the law (法律). It 9 us that we must follow all kinds of public rules. Rules are made to help people. 10 we follow them well, our lives will be better and better. Let’s start with small things. Don’t cut in line. Don’t litter everywhere. Let’s be people who follow the public rules. 1．A．follow B．make C．change D．find 2．A．asking B．waiting C．looking D．caring 3．A．slowly B．quietly C．angrily D．loudly 4．A．looked at B．looked after C．looked for D．looked up 5．A．top B．middle C．end D．front 6．A．take B．bring C．happen D．grow 7．A．mess B．way C．line D．place 8．A．sign B．law C．mind D．environment 9．A．talks B．says C．speaks D．tells 10．A．If B．Before C．Because D．Although 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文以作者在公交车站目睹插队事件为切入点，阐述了遵守公共规则的重要性，指出插队、乱扔垃圾等行为不仅不礼貌，还可能违反法律，呼吁大家从身边小事做起，自觉遵守公共规则。 1．句意：但有些人在日常生活中仍然不遵守规则。 根据上下文提到的“Following public rules”，固定搭配follow the rules表示“遵守规则”，符合语境。make“制定”、change“改变”、find“找到”均与文意不符。 2．句意：有很多人在等公交车。 结合场景“at the bus stop”，人们是在“等车”，固定搭配wait for the bus表示“等公交车”，符合语境。ask for“请求”、look for“寻找”、care for“关心”均与场景不符。 3．句意：我们都安静地排成一队。 根据常识，排队等车时人们通常是“安静地”站成一队，quietly“安静地” 符合语境。slowly“缓慢地”、angrily“生气地”、loudly“大声地”均不符合排队的正常状态。 4．句意：每个人都看着他，但他毫不在意。 前文提到年轻人插队，因此大家都“看着”他，look at“看”符合语境。look after“照顾”、look for“寻找”、look up“查阅”均不符合语境。 5．句意：一位老爷爷让他站到队伍的末尾。 根据前文年轻人插队的行为，老爷爷是让他到队尾排队，固定搭配at the end of the line表示“在队伍的末尾”，符合语境。top“顶部”、middle“中间”、front“前面”均不符合纠正插队行为的逻辑。 6．句意：这件小事可能看起来不重要，但它能带来很多问题。 插队这种不文明行为会引发很多问题，bring many problems表示“带来很多问题”，符合语境。take“带走”、happen“发生”、grow“成长”均不符合语境。 7．句意：如果每个人都插队，公交车站就会变得一团糟。 固定搭配be in a mess表示“一团糟、混乱不堪”，符合插队导致的混乱场景。way“方式”、line“队伍”、place“地方”均不符合语境。 8．句意：在一些外国国家，违反这类小规则甚至是违反法律的。 根据后文“according to the law”，可知此处指违反“法律”，law“法律”符合语境。sign“标志”、mind“思想”、environment“环境”均不符合后文提示。 9．句意：它告诉我们，我们必须遵守各种公共规则。 此处指这件事“告诉”我们要遵守规则，tell sb. that...表示“告诉某人……”，符合语境。talks“交谈”（不及物）、says“说”（后常接直接引语）、speaks“说”（后常接语言）均不符合用法。 10．句意：如果我们好好遵守它们，我们的生活会越来越好。 前后句为条件关系，“如果”我们遵守规则，生活就会更好，If“如果”引导条件状语从句，符合语境。Before“在……之前”、Because“因为”、Although“虽然”均不符合逻辑。 话题5 科技发展、发明与创新 Passage 1 If you drop an egg from the 4th floor of a building, will the egg break? Most of you may answer “Yes”. 1 students from Beijing Fengtai No. 12 Middle School wanted to change the answer into “No”! “Eggs hit the earth” was a competition in the school’s science festival. With the help of special tools, the students hoped to keep eggs unbroken when 2 them from the 4th floor. Wu Jiawen’s team didn’t 3 . One of their four eggs broke after it hit the ground. “We’ve done a lot, including making a plastic bag parachute (降落伞) for the eggs and putting the eggs into a small box filled with soft cotton,” said Wu. Although they 4 their goal, Wu said she knew how to put what she learned in class into practice. “ 5 changes impossible into possible,” she said. Wu’s school wasn’t the only one that held a science festival. The Branch School of Beijing No. 5 Middle School also held a 6 festival. Among all the creative projects, the most interesting one was the “Paper Cart (小车) Race”. The carts made out of cardboard are 7 enough to hold a person and can run as fast as possible. Wang Jingman’s team were 8 of their cart. She said they spent ten days 9 . “We went to supermarkets to collect waste cardboard and paper. We also did some 10 to decrease friction (减少摩擦力) so that our cart could run faster.” When the cart of Wang’s team crossed the finishing line, she was very excited. “It was great that our creativity turned into reality!” 1．A．Because B．But C．Still D．So 2．A．throwing B．checking C．counting D．raising 3．A．join B．train C．win D．try 4．A．completed B．missed C．worked D．learned 5．A．English B．History C．Geography D．Science 6．A．strange B．popular C．similar D．modern 7．A．pretty B．heavy C．expensive D．strong 8．A．proud B．unhappy C．honest D．bored 9．A．designing B．preparing C．celebrating D．suggesting 10．A．tests B．protection C．plans D．inventions 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍北京两所中学举办科技节，学生通过鸡蛋撞地球和纸车比赛等活动，将科学知识应用于实践，体验创造的乐趣。 【详解】1．句意：大多数人可能回答“是”，但是来自北京丰台第十二中学的学生们想把答案改成“不”！ 根据前后句意存在明显转折关系，需用转折连词But，其他选项表示因果或顺承，不符合语境。 2．句意：学生们希望在从四楼扔鸡蛋时保持鸡蛋不碎。 根据“from the 4th floor”及比赛内容可知是从高处扔下鸡蛋。动词throwing意为“扔”，符合“从四楼扔鸡蛋”的语境，其他选项动作不符合比赛情境。 3．句意：吴佳雯的团队没有赢。 根据“One of their four eggs broke”可知鸡蛋碎了，比赛未完全成功，即没赢。其他选项无法体现比赛结果。 4．句意：虽然他们错过了目标，但吴说她知道如何将所学付诸实践。 根据鸡蛋碎了可知未达到目标，miss goal为固定搭配。其他选项与Although引导的让步状语从句逻辑不符。 5．句意：科学把“不可能”变成了“可能”。 根据全文“科技节”背景可知是科学的力量实现了创新。用science，其他学科与语境无关。 6．句意：北京市第五中学分校也举办了类似的节日。 根据“wasn’t the only one”可知另一所学校也举办了同类型活动。此处用similar表示“类似的”，其他形容词无法体现两校活动性质相同。 7．句意：纸板做的小车足够坚固，可以容纳一个人。 根据“hold a person”可知小车需要足够结实才能载人。strong enough to hold a person意为“足够坚固能载人”，其他选项不符合载人小车的要求。 8．句意：王景曼的团队为他们的小车感到自豪。 根据“very excited”及成功冲线可知团队对作品感到骄傲。be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，其他选项情感色彩不符。 9．句意：她说她们花了十天时间准备。 根据后文收集材料、减少摩擦等描述可知是在为比赛做准备。spent ten days preparing意为“花了十天准备”，其他选项不能概括整个过程。 10．句意：我们也做了一些测试以减少摩擦力。 根据“to decrease friction”可知是为了提速而进行的实验测试，did some tests意为“做了一些测试”，其他选项与减少摩擦力的具体操作不符。 Passage 2 China’s first special 7S humanoid (人形的) robot store opened in Wuhan Optics Valley recently. It is a great place for people of all ages to learn about and 1 modern robot technology. The store 2 a special 7S model: Sale, Spare parts, Service, Survey, Solution, Show and School. It is not just a shop, but also a 3 center, a learning place and a technology show room. Visitors can watch robots do many 4 things. Some can dance, play football or work as 5 that can lead visitors to different parts of the store. Others can look after the elderly, work in factories 6 do simple office work. The store has about 17 robot models. Their 7 are from 7,999 yuan to over 700,000 yuan. What makes it special is that everyone can 8 . Children can enjoy robot shows and the store 9 training classes on using and repairing robots. This store brings high-tech robots 10 to our lives and shows the fast development of China’s robot industry. Visiting the store is a great experience that you should not miss. 1．A．touch B．waste C．experience D．review 2．A．follows B．accepts C．requires D．considers 3．A．training B．business C．community D．service 4．A．boring B．amazing C．tiring D．relaxing 5．A．guides B．actors C．doctors D．writers 6．A．if B．so C．or D．but 7．A．prices B．steps C．shapes D．colors 8．A．take place B．take care C．take action D．take part 9．A．introduces B．affords C．offers D．carries 10．A．longer B．closer C．warmer D．cooler 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了武汉首家人形机器人7S店，包括其功能模式、机器人用途及价格，展示了中国机器人产业的快速发展。 【详解】1．句意：这是一个适合所有年龄段的人了解和体验现代机器人技术的好地方。 根据上下文，商店为人们提供了接触、亲身感受机器人技术的机会，experience“体验”符合语境；touch“触摸”、waste“浪费”、review“复习/回顾”均不符。 2．句意：这家商店遵循一种特殊的7S模式：销售、备件、服务、调查、解决方案、展示和学校。 此处指商店采用、遵循7S运营模式，follows“遵循”符合语境；accepts“接受”、requires“要求”、considers“考虑”均不符合。 3．句意：它不仅是一家商店，还是一个服务中心、一个学习场所和一个科技展示厅。 结合前文7S模式中的Service（服务），以及商店的多重功能定位，可知此处指服务中心，service“服务”符合语境；training“训练”、business“商业”、community“社区”均不符。 4．句意：游客可以观看机器人做许多令人惊叹的事情。 后文提到机器人能跳舞、踢足球、带领游客、照顾老人等多种能力，这些都是令人惊叹的，amazing“令人惊叹的”符合语境；boring“无聊的”、tiring“累人的”、relaxing“放松的”均不符。 5．句意：有些机器人可以跳舞、踢足球或充当向导，带领游客到商店的不同区域。 根据“lead visitors to different parts of the store”这一行为描述，可知此处指向导，guides“向导”符合语境；actors“演员”、doctors“医生”、writers“作家”均不符。 6．句意：其他机器人可以照顾老人、在工厂工作或者做简单的办公室工作。 此处列举机器人可从事的不同工作，表示并列的选择关系，or“或者”符合语境；if“如果”、so“所以”、but“但是”均不符。 7．句意：它们的价格从7999元到70多万元不等。 根据“from 7,999 yuan to over 700,000 yuan”的价格区间描述，可知此处指机器人的价格，prices“价格”符合语境；steps“步骤”、shapes“形状”、colors“颜色”均不符。 8．句意：让它特别的是，每个人都可以参与。 根据后文“Children can enjoy robot shows and the store offers training classes”的描述，可知商店面向所有人开放参与，take part“参与”符合语境；take place“发生”、take care“照顾”、take action“采取行动”均不符。 9．句意：孩子们可以欣赏机器人表演，商店提供关于使用和修理机器人的培训课程。 此处指商店为顾客提供相关培训课程，offers“提供”符合语境；introduces“介绍”、affords“负担得起”、carries“携带”均不符。 10．句意：这家商店将高科技机器人带到我们的生活更近，展示了中国机器人产业的快速发展。 此处指让高科技机器人更贴近人们的日常生活，closer“更近”符合语境；longer“更长”、warmer“更温暖”、cooler“更凉爽”均不符。 Passage 3 The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) presented a great show called Wu BOT. It became one of the most 1 programs this year. In the show, humanoid robots 2 traditional Chinese kung fu with young martial artists. These robots came from Unitree Technology, a top Chinese robot company. The Unitree G1 robots could do 3 movements, like drunken boxing and nunchaku. They performed on 4 with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. Thanks to their smart systems, the robots moved well and 5 people easily. The robots have made great 6 in only one year. At the 2025 gala, they could just do simple group dances. But this year, they could 7 hard kung fu moves without difficulty. This tells us China’s robot technology is developing 8 . Wu BOT is not only a fun show. It 9 traditional culture and modern technology in a new way. It also lets the world know the rapid rise of China’s robots. In the future, such robots will be 10 used in schools, public services and our daily life. 1．A．boring B．common C．popular D．traditional 2．A．played B．performed C．watched D．learned 3．A．simple B．difficult C．slow D．easy 4．A．top B．radio C．sale D．stage 5．A．worked with B．went with C．parted with D．filled with 6．A．trouble B．progress C．danger D．noise 7．A．carry B．follow C．finish D．aid 8．A．slowly B．rapidly C．quietly D．carefully 9．A．joins B．finds C．keeps D．mixes 10．A．widely B．loudly C．politely D．bravely 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了2026年央视春晚中机器人节目《Wu BOT》的精彩表现，展示了中国机器人技术的飞速发展及其对传统文化与现代科技融合的探索。 【详解】1．句意：它成为了今年最受欢迎的节目之一。 春晚的机器人表演广受关注，所以是 “受欢迎的”。popular意为“受欢迎的”，符合春晚节目受到观众喜爱的语境。boring“无聊的”、common“普通的”、traditional“传统的”，均不符合。 2．句意：在节目中，人形机器人与年轻的武术演员一起表演了中国传统功夫。 在春晚节目中，机器人和武术演员是 “表演” 功夫。performed意为“表演”，符合机器人表演功夫的动作。played“玩”、watched“观看”、learned“学习”，均不符合。 3．句意：Unitree G1机器人能够做出高难度的动作，如醉拳和双节棍。 醉拳、双节棍属于复杂、高难度的动作。difficult意为“困难的”，符合语境。simple“简单的”、slow“慢的”、easy“容易的”，均不符合。 4．句意：它们在舞台上与塔沟武术学校的学生一起表演。 春晚的表演是在舞台上进行的。on stage意为“在舞台上”，符合春晚表演的场景。top“顶部”、radio“收音机”、sale“销售”，均不符合。 5．句意：多亏了它们的智能系统，机器人动作流畅，并且与人们很好地配合。 机器人和武术演员需要配合表演。worked with意为“与……协作配合”，符合机器人与人互动的描述。went with“与……相配”、parted with“放弃”、filled with“充满”，均不符合。 6．句意：机器人在仅仅一年内取得了巨大的进步。 后文提到从简单群舞到高难度功夫，说明取得了进步。made great progress是固定搭配，意为“取得巨大进步”。trouble“麻烦”、danger“危险”、noise“噪音”，均不符合。 7．句意：但是今年，它们可以毫不费力地完成高难度的功夫动作。 机器人能够成功做出动作，即“完成”动作。finish moves意为“完成动作”，符合表演功夫的语境。carry“搬运”、follow“跟随”、aid“帮助”，均不符合。 8．句意：这告诉我们中国的机器人技术正在快速发展。 一年之内从简单动作进步到高难度动作，说明技术发展迅速。rapidly意为“快速地”，符合技术发展的速度。slowly“缓慢地”、quietly“安静地”、carefully“仔细地”，均不符合。 9．句意：它以一种新的方式将传统文化与现代科技融合在一起。 机器人功夫表演是将传统文化和现代科技结合起来。mix A with B是固定搭配，意为“将A与B融合”。joins“连接”、finds“发现”、keeps“保持”，均不准确。 10．句意：未来，这类机器人将广泛应用于学校、公共服务和我们的日常生活中。 机器人会在多个领域（in schools, public services and our daily life）被使用，即“广泛地”应用。widely意为“广泛地”，符合科技发展的趋势。loudly“大声地”、politely“礼貌地”、bravely“勇敢地”，均不符合。 话题6 文学与艺术、故事阅读 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·宁夏银川·阶段检测） In a small Chinese town lived a poor young man named Ma Liang. He loved 1 . One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a 2 . He gave Ma Liang a paintbrush (画笔). “Use this magic paintbrush to help the poor,” he said, “but don’t use 3 to help people who are rich and greedy (贪婪的), or the skill will leave you and you will never paint again.” When Ma Liang 4 , he found the paintbrush lying on the table by his bed. He painted a butterfly and was 5 to see it fly off the page and out of the window. Ma Liang ran out of his little house and started painting things for people. He painted a buffalo (水牛) to help a farmer, food for hungry people and 6 for people who were cold. A rich man heard about the paintbrush 7 asked Ma Liang to paint some gold for him, but Ma Liang 8 . “If you don’t paint for me, I’ll cut your fingers 9 ,” the rich man said. “Then you will never paint again.” So Ma Liang painted a mountain of gold in a sea and a boat for the man. The man got in the boat and went on his way toward the island, laughing. When the rich man was halfway there, Ma Liang painted a 10 in the side of the boat. The boat fell into the water and nobody ever saw the man again. 1．A．singing B．painting C．dancing D．boating 2．A．place B．room C．forest D．dream 3．A．them B．him C．her D．it 4．A．woke up B．got up C．stood up D．called up 5．A．surprised B．happy C．amazing D．afraid 6．A．food B．clothes C．toys D．water 7．A．or B．and C．but D．as 8．A．lost B．agreed C．missed D．refused 9．A．off B．in C．down D．out 10．A．bowl B．bag C．hole D．knife 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，改编自民间故事《神笔马良》，讲述了贫穷的马良得到神笔后，用画笔帮助穷人、惩治贪婪富人的故事。   【详解】1．句意：他热爱绘画。 根据后文“a paintbrush”和“paint a butterfly”，马良热爱绘画，应选用painting，表示“绘画”，符合语境。singing表示“唱歌”，dancing表示“跳舞”，boating表示“划船”，均与后文情节不符。 2．句意：一天晚上，一位老人在梦中拜访了马良。 根据后文“he found the paintbrush lying on the table by his bed.”可知，老人是在夜晚的梦境中出现，应选用dream，表示“梦”，符合语境。place表示“地方”，room表示“房间”，forest表示“森林”，均不符合“夜晚拜访”的场景。 3．句意：但不要用它来帮助富人和贪婪的人，否则你的本领会消失，你将再也不能画画了。 根据前文“This magic paintbrush”，此处指代画笔，应选用it，表示“它”，符合语境。them指代复数事物，him指代男性，her指代女性，均不符合指代画笔的用法。 4．句意：当马良醒来时，他发现画笔就在床边的桌子上。 根据前文“One night, an old man visited Ma Liang in a dream”，此处指从梦中醒来，应选用woke up，表示“醒来”，符合语境。got up表示“起床”，stood up表示“站起来”，called up表示“打电话”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：他画了一只蝴蝶，惊讶地看到它从纸上飞出窗外。 根据后文“see it fly off the page and out of the window”，蝴蝶飞出来是神奇的事，马良会感到惊讶，应选用surprised，表示“惊讶的”，符合语境。happy表示“开心的”，amazing表示“令人惊讶的”（修饰事物），afraid表示“害怕的”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：他画了一头水牛帮助农民，为饥饿的人画食物，为寒冷的人画衣服。 根据后文“people who were cold”，寒冷的人需要衣服保暖，应选用clothes，表示“衣服”，符合语境。food表示“食物”，toys表示“玩具”，water表示“水”，均不符合“寒冷”的需求。 7．句意：一个富人听说了这支画笔，就要求马良为他画一些金子。 前后句为顺承关系，富人听说画笔后提出要求，应选用and，表示“并且、然后”，符合语境。or表示“或者”，but表示“但是”，as表示“当……时候”，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：但马良拒绝了。 根据后文富人威胁他的情节，马良一开始没有答应，应选用refused，表示“拒绝”，符合语境。lost表示“丢失”，agreed表示“同意”，missed表示“错过/想念”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：如果你不为我画，我就把你的手指砍掉。 根据固定搭配“cut one’s fingers off”，表示“砍掉某人的手指”，应选用off，符合语境。in表示“在……里面”，down表示“向下”，out表示“向外”，均无法构成该搭配。   10．句意：当富人走到一半时，马良在船的侧面画了一个洞。 根据后文“The boat fell into the water”，船沉入水中是因为有洞，应选用hole，表示“洞”，符合语境。bowl表示“碗”，bag表示“包”，knife表示“刀”，均不符合船进水的情节。 Passage 2 Literature is a special world that connects people across time and space. Different kinds of 1______ bring us different experiences. Fables teach us 2______ lessons, poems express deep feelings in simple words, and novels take us to new worlds. When I was young, my grandma often read fables to me. I loved 3______ the stories and imagining the characters. Now I enjoy reading poems. They use creative forms to show strong 4______. I also try to write my own short stories. It is not easy, but I feel proud when I 5______ writing one. Literature is 6______ read all over the world. It helps us understand different cultures. We are lucky 7______ so many great works. These stories are like a 8______ door to the past. They make us think, feel and grow. If you haven’t found your favorite kind of literature yet, keep trying. Every book is a new 9______. You never know what wonderful ideas you will 10______ in them. 1.A. music B. sports C. literature D. science 2.A. useful B. useless C. boring D. strange 3.A. making up B. listening to C. looking for D. putting away 4.A. plans B. feelings C. problems D. dreams 5.A. finish B. start C. forget D. continue 6.A. widely B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly 7.A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 8.A. heavy B. closed C. magic D. broken 9.A. journey B. lesson C. problem D. game 10.A. invent B. discover C. imagine D. create 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10.．B 【导语】 本文介绍了文学的不同形式及其带给人们的体验与成长，从寓言、诗歌到小说，阐述了文学的价值，鼓励读者探索阅读的乐趣。 【小题 1】句意：不同种类的文学带给我们不同的体验。 全文围绕 “literature（文学）” 展开，包括寓言、诗歌、小说等形式，故选 literature。music “音乐”、sports “运动”、science “科学” 均与主题无关。 【小题 2】句意：寓言教给我们有用的道理。 结合单元话题，寓言的核心价值是传递 “有用的” 道理，useful 符合语境。useless “无用的”、boring “无聊的”、strange “奇怪的” 均与寓言的教育意义不符。 【小题 3】句意：我喜欢听这些故事，并想象里面的角色。 前文提到 “my grandma often read fables to me”，所以此处是 “listening to（听）” 故事。making up “编造”、looking for “寻找”、putting away “收起” 均不符合语境。 【小题 4】句意：诗歌用富有创意的形式表达强烈的情感。 根据单元内容，诗歌的特点是 “表达情感”，feelings 符合语境。plans “计划”、problems “问题”、dreams “梦想” 均不是诗歌的核心表达内容。 【小题 5】句意：这并不容易，但当我写完一篇时，我感到很自豪。 固定搭配 finish doing sth. 表示 “完成做某事”，结合后文 “感到自豪”，finish writing 符合语境。start “开始”、forget “忘记”、continue “继续” 均不符合逻辑。 【小题 6】句意：文学在全世界被广泛阅读。 此处修饰动词 read，需用副词，结合语境 “在全世界”，widely “广泛地” 符合要求。quickly “快速地”、suddenly “突然地”、quietly “安静地” 均与语境不符。 【小题 7】句意：我们很幸运能读到这么多伟大的作品。 固定搭配 be lucky to do sth. 表示 “有幸做某事”，故选 to read。read（原形 / 过去式）、reading（动名词）、reads（第三人称单数）均不符合该结构。 【小题 8】句意：这些故事就像一扇通往过去的神奇大门。 文学作品能让我们了解过去、感受不同世界，用 magic “神奇的” 修饰 door 最贴切。heavy “沉重的”、closed “关闭的”、broken “破碎的” 均不符合文学的特点。 【小题 9】句意：每一本书都是一次新的旅程。 文学作品带领我们体验不同的故事与情感，像一场 “journey（旅程）”。lesson “课程”、problem “问题”、game “游戏” 均无法体现阅读的体验感。 【小题 10】句意：你永远不知道会在里面发现什么精彩的想法。 阅读文学作品的过程是 “discover（发现）” 新想法、新感悟的过程。invent “发明”、imagine “想象”、create “创造” 均不符合语境。 Passage 3 Many children love listening to fables. These short stories are not just fun, but also teach important 1______. One of my favorite fables is about a tortoise and a hare. The hare was proud of his speed. He thought he could 2______ the tortoise easily. So he laughed at the slow tortoise and even 3______ a race. The tortoise agreed. On the race day, the hare ran fast at first. Soon he thought the tortoise would never catch up, so he decided to 4______ under a tree. He fell asleep. The tortoise walked slowly but 5______. He didn’t stop for a minute. When the hare woke up, he ran as fast as he could. But it was too 6______. The tortoise had already crossed the finish line. This story tells us that 7______ is not everything. Even if you are talented, you need to be 8______ and keep working hard. If you are lazy and proud, you may 9______ the race. We should learn from the tortoise: never give up, and we will 10______ in the end. 1. A. skills B. lessons C. hobbies D. rules 2. A. beat B. feed C. follow D. help 3. A. joined in B. gave up C. agreed with D. made fun of 4. A. work B. sleep C. eat D. run 5. A. carelessly B. quickly C. carefully D. steadily 6. A. early B. late C. fast D. slow 7. A. speed B. time C. luck D. effort 8. A. proud B. honest C. patient D. shy 9. A. win B. lose C. join D. watch 10. A. fail B. succeed C. forget D. change 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了龟兔赛跑的寓言故事，骄傲的兔子因中途睡觉输掉比赛，而坚持到底的乌龟最终获胜，告诉我们天赋与速度并非一切，耐心与坚持才是成功的关键。 【小题 1】句意：这些短故事不仅有趣，还能教给我们重要的道理。 结合单元话题，寓言故事的核心是传递 “道理、教训”，lessons 符合语境。skills “技能”、hobbies “爱好”、rules “规则” 均与寓言的教育意义不符。 【小题 2】句意：兔子认为自己能轻松打败乌龟。 根据前文 “proud of his speed”，兔子认为自己能在比赛中击败乌龟，beat “打败” 符合语境。feed “喂养”、follow “跟随”、help “帮助” 均与比赛情节无关。 【小题 3】句意：他嘲笑行动缓慢的乌龟，甚至提议进行一场比赛。 结合后文 “The tortoise agreed”，兔子向乌龟发起了比赛挑战，joined in“参加（此处可理解为发起挑战并参与）” 契合语境。gave up “放弃”、agreed with “同意”、made fun of “取笑” 均与提议比赛的情节不符。 【小题 4】句意：很快他觉得乌龟永远追不上，于是决定在树下睡觉。 根据后文 “He fell asleep”，兔子停下脚步睡觉，sleep 符合情节发展。work “工作”、eat “吃”、run “跑” 均与后文 “fell asleep” 矛盾。 【小题 5】句意：乌龟走得很慢，但步伐稳健。 根据乌龟的特点，它虽然慢但一直坚持前进，steadily“稳定地、持续地” 符合语境。carelessly “粗心地”、quickly “快速地”、carefully “小心地” 均与乌龟的行动特点不符。 【小题 6】句意：但为时已晚，乌龟已经冲过了终点线。 根据后文乌龟获胜，兔子醒来后再跑已经来不及了，late “晚的” 符合语境。early “早的”、fast “快的”、slow “慢的” 均与兔子的处境不符。 【小题 7】句意：这个故事告诉我们，速度并非一切。 结合兔子因速度快而骄傲，最终输掉比赛的情节，speed “速度” 是故事的核心对比点。time “时间”、luck “运气”、effort “努力” 均与故事的直接对比主题不符。 【小题 8】句意：即使你有天赋，也需要有耐心并坚持努力。 乌龟的胜利源于它的耐心与坚持，patient “有耐心的” 符合语境。proud “骄傲的”、honest “诚实的”、shy “害羞的” 均与乌龟的品质无关。 【小题 9】句意：如果你懒惰又骄傲，你可能会输掉比赛。 兔子的懒惰和骄傲导致了失败，lose “输掉” 符合语境。win “赢”、join “参加”、watch “观看” 均与兔子的结局不符。 【小题 10】句意：我们应该向乌龟学习：永不放弃，最终我们会成功。 乌龟的坚持让它最终获胜，succeed “成功” 符合故事寓意。fail “失败”、forget “忘记”、change “改变” 均与故事传递的积极意义不符。 话题7 理财意识、合理消费 Passage 1 Every year during the Spring Festival, my brother, my sister and I are excited to get lucky money. When we were little kids, Mom 1 our lucky money for us. But now we’re older, and Mom thinks we should learn to be 2 . She often says that knowing how to use money is a big part of growing up. So, after the Spring Festival this year, we sat down as a family and made a 3 . We decided to save most of the money in the 4 for future needs, like our education. We could each spend a little 5 on daily needs. But Mom made one rule: We had to 6 everything we bought in our notebooks. This helps us see where our money goes and makes us think before we spend it. Yesterday, Mom checked our notebooks. She was really 7 with our progress! My sister had 8 most of her money, but she liked to buy some pretty toys or cards from time to time. Mom still allowed it, though she thought my sister spent too much on those things. She thought it would 9 her a lesson about money. From this, I’ve learned that if we use money 10 now, it can help us a lot in the future. Also, it teaches us to understand the value of hard work and find joy in spending money the right way. 1．A．borrowed B．kept C．brought D．changed 2．A．confident B．comfortable C．responsible D．polite 3．A．mistake B．video C．list D．plan 4．A．bank B．school C．library D．museum 5．A．time B．money C．space D．energy 6．A．look for B．give away C．fix up D．write down 7．A．angry B．patient C．pleased D．strict 8．A．saved B．spent C．found D．checked 9．A．teach B．buy C．send D．ask 10．A．nearly B．quickly C．wisely D．easily 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者兄妹在妈妈引导下学习管理压岁钱，通过制定计划、记录开销，学会负责任地使用金钱，理解节约和理智消费的价值。 【详解】11．句意：我们小时候，妈妈替我们保管压岁钱。 父母替小孩保管钱用kept“保管/保存”，符合语境。borrowed“借入”、brought“带来”、changed“改变”均不能表达“父母代孩子存钱”的惯例。 1．句意：但现在我们长大了，妈妈认为我们应该学会负责任。 学会管钱意味着要responsible“负责任的”，符合语境。confident“自信的”、comfortable“舒适的”、polite“有礼貌的”均不能直接对应“管钱”所需的品质。 2．句意：我们一家人坐下来制定了一个计划。 后文详细规划如何存钱和花钱，是plan“计划”，符合语境。mistake“错误”、video“视频”、list“清单”均不能概括“储蓄与支出分配”的安排。 3．句意：我们决定把大部分钱存入银行以备将来之需。 存钱的地方是bank“银行”，符合语境。school“学校”、library“图书馆”、museum“博物馆”均不能“存压岁钱”。 4．句意：我们每人可以花一点钱在日用品上。 spend a little money“花一点钱”，money符合语境。time“时间”、space“空间”、energy“精力”均不能与spend搭配用于“从压岁钱中支取”的语境。 5．句意：但妈妈定了一条规矩：我们必须把买的东西都记在笔记本上。 记在笔记本上，write down“写下”符合语境。look for“寻找”、give away“赠送”、fix up“修理”均不符合“在笔记本上记账”的语境。 6．句意：她对我们的进步非常满意。 检查记账本后看到进步，pleased“高兴的/满意的”符合语境。angry“生气的”、patient“耐心的”、strict“严格的”均不符合“看到进步”的积极反应。 7．句意：我妹妹存了大部分钱，但她喜欢偶尔买些漂亮玩具或卡片。 与后文“spent too much”相对，她存了大部分钱，saved“节省/储蓄”符合语境。spent“花费”、found“找到”、checked“检查”均与“存钱”的行为相反。 8．句意：妈妈认为这会给她一个关于金钱的教训。 teach sb a lesson“给某人一个教训”，teach符合语境。buy“买”、send“送”、ask“问”均不能与lesson构成固定搭配。 9．句意：如果我们现在明智地使用金钱，将来它会帮我们很多。 后文“帮我们很多”的前提是wisely“明智地”用钱，符合语境。nearly“几乎”、quickly“快速地”、easily“容易地”均不能表达“理性明智消费”的含义。 Passage 2 If you had a monthly income (收入) of 15,000 yuan, how much of it would you spend? And how would you save? Many people find budgeting (制定预算) 1 . They turn to popular budgeting apps, only to forget about them by the third day. Why not follow the 50/30/20 method? It is one of the most effective and simple budgeting methods around. According to this method, you should divide your monthly income into three 2 : 50% for “needs”, 30% for “wants”, and 20% for “savings”. “Needs” refers to the bills that you must 3 and the necessary things for survival. 4 , they include electricity and gas bills, transportation and food and drinks. These are “must-haves”. If you have to spend more than 50% of your income on your “needs”, you may need to 5 your lifestyle. For example, you may consider cooking at home, rather than eating out often. “Wants” refers to 6 costs. You choose to spend your money on these things, but could easily live without them. You could 7 at home instead of going to the sports center. You could watch sports on TV instead of getting tickets to the game. You could continue using your three-year-old backpack. 8 , you need to save 20% of your monthly income. Savings are 9 . You never know when you may lose your job or when an accident may take place. 10 the 50/30/20 method. It will help you live a happy life while making sure you have some savings to fall back on whenever you need them. 1．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．challenging 2．A．steps B．groups C．halves D．forms 3．A．pay B．buy C．return D．share 4．A．Suddenly B．Seriously C．Actually D．Simply 5．A．change B．enjoy C．improve D．create 6．A．unavailable B．uncertain C．unknown D．unnecessary 7．A．set out B．find out C．go out D．work out 8．A．As a result B．Last of all C．In short D．In general 9．A．popular B．important C．impossible D．limited 10．A．Develop B．Show C．Spread D．Try 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了50/30/20预算法，讲解了该方法将月收入按比例分配到“必需品”,“想要品”和“储蓄”三部分的具体内容，帮助人们合理规划收支。 1．句意：很多人觉得制定预算很难。 根据后文“They turn to popular budgeting apps, only to forget about them by the third day.”可知，人们用预算软件也会很快忘记，说明制定预算对很多人来说是困难的，difficult符合文意。 2．句意：根据这个方法，你应该把月收入分成三个部分：50%用于“必需品”，30%用于“想要品”，20%用于“储蓄”。 后文明确列出了三个不同用途的收入分配比例，groups表示类别、部分，符合将收入划分成三类的语境。 3．句意：“必需品”指你必须支付的账单和生存所需的必要物品。 bills“账单”的常用搭配是pay the bills，表示“支付账单”。 4．句意：实际上，它们包括电费和燃气费、交通费以及饮食费用。前文先对“必需品”做了定义，后文具体列举了包含的项目，actually用于承接定义、引出具体实例，符合逻辑。 5．句意：如果你在“必需品”上的支出超过了收入的50%，你就需要改变你的生活方式。 后文举例说明可以在家做饭代替频繁外出就餐，这是对生活方式的调整，change符合语境。 6．句意：“想要品”指非必要的开销。 根据后文“You choose to spend your money on these things, but could easily live without them.”可知，这些开销是没有也能生活的，即非必要的，unnecessary符合文意。 7．句意：你可以在家锻炼，而不是去体育中心。 work out表示锻炼，与后文“going to the sports center”（去体育中心）形成对应，符合语境。 8．句意：最后，你需要每月存下20%的收入。 前文分别介绍了“必需品”和“想要品”两部分，此处介绍最后一部分“储蓄”，last of all用于引出最后一个要点，符合逻辑。 9．句意：储蓄很重要。 根据后文“You never know when you may lose your job or when an accident may take place.”可知，储蓄能应对失业、意外等突发情况，说明储蓄的重要性，important符合文意。 10．句意：试试50/30/20这个方法。 后文提到这个方法能帮你过上幸福生活，同时保证有储蓄可依靠，try用于发出尝试方法的倡议，符合结尾的呼吁逻辑。 话题8 灾害防范、生存技能 Passage 1 Wildfires are becoming more common and powerful around the world. Research shows that climate change is a major 1 . Scientists use “climate whiplash” to describe how weather can quickly 2 from heavy rain to long dry periods. While the rain helps plants grow, the dry weather that follows causes them to 3 and become fuel (燃料) for wildfires. Wildfires are not the only natural disaster made worse by climate change. 4 the earth gets hotter, storms grow stronger, floods happen more often, and droughts (旱灾) 5 longer. Scientists 6 that, without action, these problems will continue to worsen. What can be done to reduce the 7 of wildfires? Well, we can clear dry plants. At the same time, firefighting methods should be 8 . Fighting climate change 9 strong action from governments, businesses and each one of us. Only by working together can we create a 10 future for everyone. 1．A．secret B．reason C．choice D．mistake 2．A．change B．rise C．fail D．break 3．A．go out B．come out C．dry out D．take out 4．A．If B．As C．Though D．Unless 5．A．become B．seem C．sound D．last 6．A．warn B．joke C．describe D．repeat 7．A．speed B．cost C．risk D．value 8．A．improved B．controlled C．recycled D．forgotten 9．A．protects B．prevents C．requires D．avoids 10．A．richer B．warmer C．quieter D．safer 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】文章主要介绍了气候变化导致野火等自然灾害频发，并提出了应对措施，呼吁共同努力创造安全未来。 【详解】1．句意：研究表明，气候变化是一个主要原因。 这里选reason，对应前文说野火越来越普遍，要找背后的核心诱因。secret是秘密、choice是选择、mistake是错误，都不符合“解释野火增多的原因”这个语境。 2．句意：科学家用“气候骤变”这个词来描述天气如何从暴雨快速转变成长期干旱。 选change，体现天气状态的切换。rise是上升、fail是失败、break是打破，都没法表达天气在干湿状态间的快速转变。 3．句意：但紧随其后的干旱天气会让植物变干，成为野火的燃料。 选dry out，刚好呼应前文的dry periods，指植被脱水变干。go out是熄灭、come out是出版/开花、take out是取出，都不符合植被因干旱变易燃的逻辑。 4．句意：随着地球变得更热，风暴会更强、洪水更频发、干旱持续更久。 As表伴随，引出气候变化下的连锁反应。If表假设、Though表转折、Unless表条件，都不能体现“地球变热”和其他灾害加剧的同步伴随关系。 5．句意：随着地球变得更热，风暴会更强、洪水更频发、干旱持续更久。 选last，和longer搭配表示“持续更久”。become是变成、seem是似乎、sound是听起来，都不能表达干旱时长的延续。 6．句意：科学家警告说，如果不采取行动，这些问题会继续恶化。 warn体现科学家对灾害加剧的警示态度。joke是开玩笑、describe是描述、repeat是重复，都不符合严肃的预警语境。 7．句意：我们能做些什么来降低野火的风险？ 选risk，对应前文讲的野火危害，这里说降低发生概率与危害。speed是速度、cost是成本、value是价值，都和“减少野火威胁”的语义不搭。 8．句意：同时，灭火方法也应该得到改进。 选improved，呼应前文提出的应对措施，指升级灭火手段。controlled是控制、recycled是回收、forgotten是遗忘，都不符合“优化方法应对野火”的逻辑。 9．句意：应对气候变化需要政府、企业和我们每个人的有力行动。 选requires，表“需要、要求”，体现对抗气候问题需要多方付出。protects是保护、prevents是阻止、avoids是避免，都不能表达“需要行动”的语义。 10．句意：只有共同努力，我们才能为所有人创造一个更安全的未来。 选safer，呼应全文应对灾害、降低风险的主旨。warmer是更暖、quieter是更安静、better虽然正向但不如safer符合“减少灾害、保障安全”的核心诉求。 Passage 2 Recently, a study on how a new VR experience taught kids about 1 disasters was made. A famous university 2 this VR program, aiming to teach students fire safety knowledge. It creates a special situation for 9-11-year-old kids. In the situation, they need to 3 a cat of their friend before a fire breaks out. They join different 4 to learn skills of saving themselves and the cat. The study results showed that more than 75% of the students could 5 know good and bad points of different choices. They also learned to make 6 to keep safe from fire danger. Students thought it was very useful, because 88% of them had no 7 of fire risks at first, and 62% said they were too afraid to act safely in a fire. Experts said VR technology made it easy for kids to learn safety skills. “Good VR programs can offer students 8 learning ways,” said one expert. At the same time, kids know less about fire safety and are weaker than adults, 9 they face more danger in fires. “With VR lessons, we can let kids learn the 10 and know how to help themselves,” the expert added. 1．A．storm　 B．flood　 C．earthquake　 D．fire 2．A．stopped　 B．developed　 C．hated　 D．finished 3．A．look for　 B．look after　 C．look at　 D．look up 4．A．tasks　 B．reports　 C．rules　 D．activities 5．A．hardly　 B．nearly　 C．clearly　 D．suddenly 6．A．wishes　 B．friends　 C．preparations　 D．plans 7．A．knowledge　 B．money　 C．trouble　 D．interest 8．A．usual　 B．useful　 C．terrible　 D．modern 9．A．so　 B．though　 C．because　 D．if 10．A．danger　 B．culture　 C．history　 D．custom 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 【详解】 1．句意：最近，一项围绕新型 VR 体验教导孩子认识火灾灾害的研究已开展。 根据后文多处出现 fire safety、fire breaks out、fire danger，全文围绕火灾防灾教学。A.fire 火灾；B.flood 洪水；C.earthquake 地震；D.storm 暴风雨，后三项灾害文中没有涉及，故选 D。 2．句意：一所著名大学开发了这个 VR 项目，旨在教学生消防安全知识。 A.stopped 停止；B.developed 研发、开发；C.hated 讨厌；D.finished 完成。大学研制 VR 安全教育课程，develop 符合句意，其余词义和开设安全教育项目的目的相悖，故选 B。 3．句意：在火灾发生前，他们需要照顾朋友的猫。 本题考查 look 短语辨析：A.look for 寻找；B.look after 照顾；C.look at 看着；D.look up 查阅、向上看。结合语境，任务是照料小猫，故选 B。 4．句意：他们参与不同的活动来学习自救和救猫的技能。 A.activities 活动；B.reports 报告；C.rules 规章制度；D.tasks 任务。join activities 参与活动是固定搭配，通过多样活动练习逃生技能，其余选项不符合搭配与文意，故选 D。 5．句意：研究结果显示，超过 75% 的学生能够清楚地知道不同选择的好坏。 A.hardly 几乎不；B.nearly 几乎；C.clearly 清楚地；D.suddenly 突然。课程学习后学生可以明晰选项利弊，clearly 贴合学习成效，故选 C。 6．句意：他们也学会了做好准备，以远离火灾危险。 A.wishes 愿望；B.friends 朋友；C.preparations 准备；D.plans 计划。make preparations 为固定搭配 “做准备”，消防安全需要提前做好防备，故选 C。 7．句意：学生们认为这个项目非常有用，因为起初 88% 的孩子对火灾风险一无所知，还有 62% 的孩子表示，自己在火灾中会因为过度害怕而无法做出安全的应对行为。 A.knowledge 知识；B.money 金钱；C.trouble 麻烦；D.interest 兴趣。have no knowledge of 表示 “不懂、不了解”，说明学生原本缺少防火常识，故选 A。 8．句意：一位专家说：“优质的 VR 项目能为学生提供有用的学习方式。” A.usual 平常的；B.useful 有用的；C.terrible 糟糕的；D.modern 现代化的。前文学生觉得课程很实用，对应 useful 有用的，故选 B。 9．句意：同时，孩子们对消防安全了解更少，比成年人更弱，所以他们在火灾中面临更多危险。 A.so 因此（结果）；B.though 虽然（让步）；C.because 因为（原因）；D.if 如果（条件）。前半句是原因，后半句引出结果，用 so，故选 A。 10．句意：这位专家补充道：“借助 VR 课程，我们可以让孩子们了解危险，并且学会如何自救。” A.danger 危险；B.culture 文化；C.history 历史；D.custom 风俗。文章主题是火灾避险，学习认清危险、掌握自救，其余词汇和防火无关，故选 A。 Passage 3 Floods are common natural disasters in the world. They bring much 1 to people’s lives and destroy homes and farmland. Many countries build different projects to stop floods. The Three Gorges Dam is very important in China. It lies 2 the Changjiang River. When 3 rain comes in summer, the river water rises fast. The big dam can 4 the water level. It holds back too much water and sends it out 5 . In the UK, the Thames Barrier works well too. Its big 6 can rise during high tides. It protects London from terrible floods. Most of the land in the Netherlands is low. Its projects can 7 local people from coastal floods. These great projects help people a lot. Besides man-made projects, we should also learn safety 8 . When a flood comes, we must keep 9 . We had better stay in high places and stay away from fast-running water. Natural disasters are dangerous, 10 we can keep safe with good projects and knowledge. 1．A．danger B．fun C．joy D．peace 2．A．in B．on C．of D．with 3．A．light B．heavy C．warm D．cool 4．A．control B．carry C．cover D．clear 5．A．quickly B．safely C．easily D．loudly 6．A．gates B．walls C．trees D．stones 7．A．provide B．push C．protect D．produce 8．A．hobbies B．rules C．dreams D．messages 9．A．nervous B．worried C．calm D．excited 10．A．so B．and C．because D．but 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国三峡大坝、英国泰晤士水闸和荷兰防洪工程等水利项目如何帮助人们抵御洪水，同时强调了学习安全知识、保持冷静和远离危险水流的重要性。 1．句意：它们给人们的生活带来很多危险，摧毁了家园和农田。 洪水带来的是danger“危险”，符合语境。fun“乐趣”、joy“快乐”、peace“和平”均不能描述“摧毁家园农田”的负面灾难影响。 2．句意：它位于长江之上。 lie on the Changjiang River“位于长江之上”，大坝坐落在江上，on符合语境。in“在……里面”、of“……的”、with“和”均不能准确表达大坝在江面上方的地理位置。 3．句意：当夏季暴雨来临时，河水迅速上涨。 引起河水快速上涨的是heavy rain“暴雨”，heavy符合语境。light“轻的/小雨”、warm“温暖的”、cool“凉爽的”均不能与“河水迅速上涨”的紧急语境对应。 4．句意：大坝可以控制水位。 大坝的功能是control the water level“控制水位”，control符合语境。carry“搬运”、cover“覆盖”、clear“清理”均不能描述大坝调节水位的核心功能。 5．句意：它挡住过多的水，并安全地将其排放出去。 sends it out safely“安全地排放”，safely符合语境。quickly“快速地”、easily“容易地”、loudly“大声地”均不能体现“安全泄洪”的防洪目的。 6．句意：它的大门可以在涨潮时升起。 泰晤士水闸rise during high tides的是gates“闸门”，符合语境。walls“墙”、trees“树”、stones“石头”均不能对应水闸“可升降闸门”的结构特征。 7．句意：它的工程可以保护当地人民免受沿海洪水的侵袭。 protect sb from“保护某人免受……”，protect符合语境。provide“提供”、push“推”、produce“生产”均不能与from coastal floods构成“保护免受洪水”的固定搭配。 8．句意：除了人造工程，我们还应该学习安全知识。 learn safety rules“学习安全知识/规则”，rules符合语境。hobbies“爱好”、dreams“梦想”、messages“信息”均不能与“洪水来临时如何避险”的语境对应。 9．句意：当洪水来临时，我们必须保持冷静。 面对危险需要keep calm“保持冷静”，calm符合语境。nervous“紧张的”、worried“担心的”、excited“兴奋的”均是负面或不当的应急情绪，不符合安全应对常识。 10．句意：自然灾害很危险，但有了好的工程和知识，我们可以保持安全。 前后为转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。so“所以”表因果、and“和”表并列、because“因为”表原因，均不能体现“虽然危险但能安全度过”的转折逻辑。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $