暑假作业02 重点短语与固定搭配专项突破（巩固培优）高二英语通用版

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频短语与固定搭配，通过系统分类与多题型训练夯实语言能力基础，提升学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |短语识记|50个核心短语|覆盖语法填空、完形等高频考点|按考频排序，突出同义替换与易混辨析| |词形变化|7类词尾变化总结|形容词副词转换规律梳理|以词缀为线索，构建“词根-词性-用法”链条| |题型训练|单选/语法填空等多题型|聚焦搭配应用与语境适配|从基础识记到综合运用，实现能力层级递进|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02 重点短语与固定搭配专项突破 一、基本定义 英语重点短语与固定搭配是高考语法填空、完形填空、单项选择、句型转换、书面表达的核心高频考点。 二、高二英语期末备考英语重点短语识记 1. concentrate on = focus on 集中注意力于... 2. deserve doing(主动表被动) = deserve to be done 值得被... 3. accuse sb of doing因为某事起诉某人= charge sb with 4. be independent from 从...独立出来 go aboard 上船，上飞机 5. be one's fault 是某人的错 be allergic to 对...敏感 6. glance at瞥一眼，扫过 glare at 怒视，盯着 stare at 凝视 7. can't help doing 情不自禁做 can’t help to do不能帮助做 8. devote/commit oneself to doing sth献身于..致力于..投身于... 9. at the aid of 在...的帮助下 10. make up 编造，组成，弥补，化妆 11. go into detail(s) 讨论，细谈 12. speak up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说 turn over 反转，翻身 13. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功，还清债务 14. hesitate to do 做某事犹豫不决 15. keep up with 跟上，赶上 keep pace with 与...步调一致 16. in case of/that 以防万一 17. due to 因为= owing to (区别：due to不放句首，owing to可以) 18. in addition (to ) 除此之外 aside from 除...之外 19. lay off 解聘，解雇 20. swell with 充满了（不用于被动语态） 21. suspect sb of doing 怀疑某人做某事 22. distinguish A from B 把A和B区别开来 23. a lack of，lack sth，be lacking in缺少 24. have access to doing 有做某事的机会/权利，有机会进入.. 25. tend to / have a tendency to do往往会，倾向于 26. be accustomed/ used to doing 习惯 27. approve of 赞成，赞许 28. be beneficial to/for 对...有益 29. as a whole 总的来说 30. come into view出现，进入视野 31. knock sb over/down// run into 撞倒某人 32. block out堵住，挡住/遮住 33. pay rise 加薪，增加工资(名词短语) 34. result in 导致，造成。。。 ； result from由。。。造成 35. name after 以。。。命名 36. come across偶然遇见/碰到 37. figure out理解；弄明白；辨认出 38. end up… 以。。。结束，以。。。告终；最终 39. put up with 容忍，忍受 40. now that既然，由于 41. be uncertain about对。。。不确定 42. burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 43. be amused by 被。。。逗乐了/逗笑了 44. get rid of 摆脱，除掉，处理掉 45. regardless of 不管，不顾 46.in the presence of 在。。。的面前，在。。。在场的情况下 47.have trouble /difficulty in做某事有困难 48. be superior to 比。。。高级/上等 49. die out完全消失，灭绝；熄灭 50. be around/round the corner 即将来临 三、高考英语常见形容词、副词总结 （一）以al 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1． nation→national→nationally national heroes 民族英雄 2. nature→natural→naturally natural resources 自然资源 3. culture→cultural→culturally different cultural backgrounds 不同的文化背景 4. profession→professional→professionally professional knowledge 专业知识 5. intonation（国际）→international→ internationally 6. person→personal→personally 个人地 7. practice→practical→practically 实际地 8. occasion→occasional→occasionally偶尔地，有时地 （二）以ful 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1. care→careful→carefully 细心地 2. grate→grateful→gratefully感激地 thank→thankful→thankfully be thankful/grateful→to sb for sth 由于某事而感激某人 3. forget→forgetful→forgetfully 健忘地 （三）以able 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1. rely→reliable→reliably 可依靠地 rely on sb 2. admire→admirable→reliably 羡慕地 3. reason→reasonable→admirably 合情合理地 4. accept→acceptable→acceptably 可接受地 5. advise→advisable→advisably 建议地 6. comfort→comfortable→comfortably 舒适地 7. forget→forgettable→forgettably→unforgettably 难忘地 8. change→changeable→changeably→unchangeable 不可改变地 9. believe→believable→believably→unchangeable 难以置信地 10. favor→favorable→favorably→unfavorably 不利地 11. bear→bearable→bearably→unbearably 不能忍受地 （四）以le结尾的形容词和副词的变化 simple→simply possible→possibly 可能地 probable→probably 可能地 （五）以y结尾的形容词和副词的变化 easy→easily busy→busily happy→happily healthy→healthily 健康地 （六）直接加ly的形容词 wide→widely 广泛地 actual→actually事实上 part→partly 部分地 particular→particularly 特别地 especial→especially 尤其地 regular→regularly 定期地 extreme→extremely 特别地 precious→preciously 宝贵地 purely 完全地 frequently 经常地 gradually 逐渐地 lovely→livelily 可爱的 lively→livelily 活跃地 生动的 equally 相等地 frankly 坦率地 swiftly 迅速地 likely 可能的 constantly 不断地 accurately 准确地 casually随意地 efficiently 有意义地 privately 机密地 locally 本地地 absolutely 绝对地 normally 正常地 usually 通常地 tastelessly 无味地 breathlessly 屏息地 （七）以some结尾的形容词 trouble→troublesome 令人麻烦的 tiresome 讨厌的 fearsome 有点吓人的 awesome 敬畏的 一、单项选择（聚焦易混短语辨析、固定搭配、语境适配） 1．Competition is healthy for the society, but pushing it too far ________ mental illness. A．results from　 B．as a result　 C．as a result of　 D．results in 2．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside his bed to keep himself __________ of his own dreams. A．reminded　 B．having reminded　 C．reminding　 D．being reminded 3．The film was made ______ on a true old story. A．base　 B．to be based　 C．based　 D．basing 4．A good teacher has to be armed with the ability to stay students ________ on their learning goals. A．focusing　 B．being focused　 C．focused　 D．to be focused 5．— Do you think Nancy will make an excellent teacher? — No, I don’t. The job of being a teacher ______ patience and carefulness, but she is careless and impatient. A．reminds　 B．requires　 C．records　 D．reduces 二、单句语法填空（固定搭配词性转换、搭配适配） 6．In modern times, men and women enjoy______ (equal) in many walks of life. 7．No matter how______ (advance) modern equipment is, letters will not be replaced in expressing people’s feelings. 三、英汉互译（固定短语造句运用） 8. 最重要的是，你要重视你所拥有的，因为你的生命是有限的。(most importantly) 汉译英 _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.有清晰的方向感会让你保持专注和积极。（sense of direction）汉译英 _______________________________________________________________________________ 四、语法填空 10．Keats is one of the greatest (romance) poets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11． (see) that you’re busy, I won’t disturb you for long. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The monument (date) from the Qing Dynasty has become a local landmark. (所给词的适当形式填空) 一、单项选择 1．The proposal was originally ______ by group of environmental activists. A．put off B．put up C．put away D．put forward 2．It wasn’t a good thing, ________ , it was a huge mistake. A．owing to B．at dusk C．on the contrary D．be bound to 3．We are ________ succeed if we stick to our primary goal. A．addicted to B．bound to C．committed to D．devoted to 4．He continued speaking, ________ my feelings on the matter. A．as a result of B．regardless of C．in case of D．instead of 5．As long as you ________ your dreams and keep working hard, you will surely achieve them one day. A．stick to B．get rid of C．make up for D．come up with 6．The small town is a far cry from the noisy city where she used to live. The underlined phrase indicates that the small town and the city are ________. A．almost the same B．completely different C．quite close D．very similar 7．A recent news report stated that the old subway station elevator has been ________ since last Friday, with repair work still in progress. A．out of shape B．out of sight C．out of service D．out of mind 8．Translation can be a rather tricky business. Therefore, the ignorance of cultural difference can ______ embarrassing misunderstandings. A．bring about B．turn out C．give out D．send out 9．All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning building were ______．He dies soon afterwards． A．in place B．in return C．in vain D．in order 10．Every citizen should ______ the responsibility to keep public places clean. A．take on B．take in C．take over D．take off 二、选词填空 短语填空 1． ，elementary schooling is more important than secondary schooling. 2．She some excuse about her daughter being sick. 3．They use specially trained dogs to their sheep at night. 4．As far as I’m concerned，things will get easier as time . 5．I think we should work out a plan to this situation. 6．Christmas is a special holiday when the whole family are supposed to . 7．I hear you’re looking for a student to a volunteer，aren’t you? 8．Don’t blame him for breaking that vase； he is a child. 9．There is a dramatic drop in sales. ，profits have greatly declined. 10．As grownups，they should learn to take responsibilities share rights in life. 短文语法填空 Passage 01 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. The seventh edition of Chinese spelling bee competition took place on Friday, 1 (draw) more than 100 learners from primary, secondary and higher institutions to show their proficiency (熟练) in Chinese. Hosted by the United States International University-Africa (USIU-A), a private university 2 (locate) on the outskirts of Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, the event featured speeches, group discussions and writing. “Since its launch in 2020, the Chinese spelling bee competition 3 (develop) itself to become a platform for promoting the study of Mandarin among local youth, while increasing their admiration 4 Chinese culture,” said Wanjiku Mbugua, a Mandarin teacher at USIU-A． “Today’s spelling bee competition was 5 improvement from the last one. We have seen more uptake in Chinese language which has become a pathway for learners across all 6 (level) ,” Mbugua said. “We had around 150 participants and 7 is most impressive is that our spoken Chinese is getting better. We have seen teachers and students improving in 8 (pronounce) ,” she added. According to Mworia, the chairperson of Chinese Language Teachers Association in Kenya, the Chinese language remains the most 9 (effect) building block for enhancing China-Kenya ties across fields of culture, economics and diplomacy. “The future of Chinese language teaching in Kenya is promising,” Mworia said, “as it unlocks a host of opportunities for local youth 10 (secure) scholarships and jobs.” Passage 02 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past two years, many people 1 (purchase) new energy vehicles. They often describe 2 unique experience: with features like voice commands and autonomous driving, the car stops being “just a car” and begins to feel like a partner — able to perceive, think, and anticipate. At home, however, AI has long remained limited to relatively “not-so-smart” devices such as voice 3 (assistant). Interactions were largely rule-based: if you deviate (偏离) even slightly from preset commands, the system would often respond improperly or produce 4 (satisfactory) results That began to change with the rise of large language models, including ChatGPT and other 5 (advance) AI systems. Initially 6 (restrict) to chat interfaces (交互界面), these models were mainly used to answer questions or generate text. Now, AI is entering more natural, conversational spaces. Take ByteDance’s Doubao for example: it can speak fluently, understand context, respond 7 an intelligent and thoughtful manner, and even access real-time information. But voice interaction is only the beginning. The real leap forward comes with multimodal models such as vision-language models (VLMs), 8 integrate visual and auditory input, greatly 9 (enhance) AI’s ability to perceive and interpret its surroundings. Consider meal preparation. Smart recipes existed long before AI, but they were 10 (essential) digital versions of printed instructions — you still had to follow each step manually. Multimodal AI is beginning to change that. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02 重点短语与固定搭配专项突破 一、基本定义 英语重点短语与固定搭配是高考语法填空、完形填空、单项选择、句型转换、书面表达的核心高频考点。 二、高二英语期末备考英语重点短语识记 1. concentrate on = focus on 集中注意力于... 2. deserve doing(主动表被动) = deserve to be done 值得被... 3. accuse sb of doing因为某事起诉某人= charge sb with 4. be independent from 从...独立出来 go aboard 上船，上飞机 5. be one's fault 是某人的错 be allergic to 对...敏感 6. glance at瞥一眼，扫过 glare at 怒视，盯着 stare at 凝视 7. can't help doing 情不自禁做 can’t help to do不能帮助做 8. devote/commit oneself to doing sth献身于..致力于..投身于... 9. at the aid of 在...的帮助下 10. make up 编造，组成，弥补，化妆 11. go into detail(s) 讨论，细谈 12. speak up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说 turn over 反转，翻身 13. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功，还清债务 14. hesitate to do 做某事犹豫不决 15. keep up with 跟上，赶上 keep pace with 与...步调一致 16. in case of/that 以防万一 17. due to 因为= owing to (区别：due to不放句首，owing to可以) 18. in addition (to ) 除此之外 aside from 除...之外 19. lay off 解聘，解雇 20. swell with 充满了（不用于被动语态） 21. suspect sb of doing 怀疑某人做某事 22. distinguish A from B 把A和B区别开来 23. a lack of，lack sth，be lacking in缺少 24. have access to doing 有做某事的机会/权利，有机会进入.. 25. tend to / have a tendency to do往往会，倾向于 26. be accustomed/ used to doing 习惯 27. approve of 赞成，赞许 28. be beneficial to/for 对...有益 29. as a whole 总的来说 30. come into view出现，进入视野 31. knock sb over/down// run into 撞倒某人 32. block out堵住，挡住/遮住 33. pay rise 加薪，增加工资(名词短语) 34. result in 导致，造成。。。 ； result from由。。。造成 35. name after 以。。。命名 36. come across偶然遇见/碰到 37. figure out理解；弄明白；辨认出 38. end up… 以。。。结束，以。。。告终；最终 39. put up with 容忍，忍受 40. now that既然，由于 41. be uncertain about对。。。不确定 42. burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 43. be amused by 被。。。逗乐了/逗笑了 44. get rid of 摆脱，除掉，处理掉 45. regardless of 不管，不顾 46.in the presence of 在。。。的面前，在。。。在场的情况下 47.have trouble /difficulty in做某事有困难 48. be superior to 比。。。高级/上等 49. die out完全消失，灭绝；熄灭 50. be around/round the corner 即将来临 三、高考英语常见形容词、副词总结 （一）以al 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1． nation→national→nationally national heroes 民族英雄 2. nature→natural→naturally natural resources 自然资源 3. culture→cultural→culturally different cultural backgrounds 不同的文化背景 4. profession→professional→professionally professional knowledge 专业知识 5. intonation（国际）→international→ internationally 6. person→personal→personally 个人地 7. practice→practical→practically 实际地 8. occasion→occasional→occasionally偶尔地，有时地 （二）以ful 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1. care→careful→carefully 细心地 2. grate→grateful→gratefully感激地 thank→thankful→thankfully be thankful/grateful→to sb for sth 由于某事而感激某人 3. forget→forgetful→forgetfully 健忘地 （三）以able 结尾的形容词和副词的变化 1. rely→reliable→reliably 可依靠地 rely on sb 2. admire→admirable→reliably 羡慕地 3. reason→reasonable→admirably 合情合理地 4. accept→acceptable→acceptably 可接受地 5. advise→advisable→advisably 建议地 6. comfort→comfortable→comfortably 舒适地 7. forget→forgettable→forgettably→unforgettably 难忘地 8. change→changeable→changeably→unchangeable 不可改变地 9. believe→believable→believably→unchangeable 难以置信地 10. favor→favorable→favorably→unfavorably 不利地 11. bear→bearable→bearably→unbearably 不能忍受地 （四）以le结尾的形容词和副词的变化 simple→simply possible→possibly 可能地 probable→probably 可能地 （五）以y结尾的形容词和副词的变化 easy→easily busy→busily happy→happily healthy→healthily 健康地 （六）直接加ly的形容词 wide→widely 广泛地 actual→actually事实上 part→partly 部分地 particular→particularly 特别地 especial→especially 尤其地 regular→regularly 定期地 extreme→extremely 特别地 precious→preciously 宝贵地 purely 完全地 frequently 经常地 gradually 逐渐地 lovely→livelily 可爱的 lively→livelily 活跃地 生动的 equally 相等地 frankly 坦率地 swiftly 迅速地 likely 可能的 constantly 不断地 accurately 准确地 casually随意地 efficiently 有意义地 privately 机密地 locally 本地地 absolutely 绝对地 normally 正常地 usually 通常地 tastelessly 无味地 breathlessly 屏息地 （七）以some结尾的形容词 trouble→troublesome 令人麻烦的 tiresome 讨厌的 fearsome 有点吓人的 awesome 敬畏的 一、单项选择（聚焦易混短语辨析、固定搭配、语境适配） 1．Competition is healthy for the society, but pushing it too far ________ mental illness. A．results from　 B．as a result　 C．as a result of　 D．results in 【答案】D 【精讲解析】本题考查因果类易混动词短语辨析。首先判断句子成分，空处缺少谓语动词。A. results from 由……引起（前果后因）；B. as a result 副词短语，只能作状语，不能作谓语；C. as a result of 介词短语，作定语/状语；D. results in 导致、引发（前因后果）。句中“过度内卷竞争”是原因，“心理疾病”是结果，符合前因后果逻辑，故选D。 2．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside his bed to keep himself __________ of his own dreams. A．reminded　 B．having reminded　 C．reminding　 D．being reminded 【答案】A 【精讲解析】本题考查固定搭配 keep sb. reminded of sth.（使某人想起/提醒某人某事）。该搭配为高考高频固定宾补结构，宾语himself与remind为被动关系，固定用过去分词作宾补，无having done、being done变体用法，BCD均不符合固定搭配规则，故选A。 3．The film was made ______ on a true old story. A．base　 B．to be based　 C．based　 D．basing 【答案】C 【精讲解析】本题考查固定搭配 be based on（基于、以……为依据）。该短语为形容词性固定搭配，本句中作方式状语，主语film与base为被动关系，遵循固定用法直接省略be动词，用based作后置修饰成分，是考试固定必考形式，故选C。 4．A good teacher has to be armed with the ability to stay students ________ on their learning goals. A．focusing　 B．being focused　 C．focused　 D．to be focused 【答案】C 【精讲解析】本题考查固定搭配 be focused on（专注于……）。同时适配stay + 宾语 + 宾补固定结构，该搭配表持续状态，固定用过去分词作宾补，无需进行时、将来时形式，属于固定用法，故选C。 5．— Do you think Nancy will make an excellent teacher? — No, I don’t. The job of being a teacher ______ patience and carefulness, but she is careless and impatient. A．reminds　 B．requires　 C．records　 D．reduces 【答案】B 【精讲解析】本题考查名词与动词固定搭配。job（工作）与patience、carefulness（耐心细心）为固定适配搭配：the job requires...（某工作需要某种素养）。其余选项无此固定语义搭配，remind（提醒）、record（记录）、reduce（减少）均与语境不匹配，故选B。 二、单句语法填空（固定搭配词性转换、搭配适配） 6．In modern times, men and women enjoy______ (equal) in many walks of life. 【答案】equality 【精讲解析】考查动词固定搭配 enjoy + 名词。enjoy为及物动词，固定后接名词作宾语，equal为形容词，其名词形式equality构成固定语义搭配“enjoy equality 享有平等”，为高频固定短语，故填equality。 7．No matter how______ (advance) modern equipment is, letters will not be replaced in expressing people’s feelings. 【答案】advanced 【精讲解析】考查固定形容词搭配。固定表达 advanced equipment（先进设备），为课本核心固定名词短语。advance为动词，需转换为形容词advanced作表语，适配句子固定搭配，故填advanced。 三、英汉互译（固定短语造句运用） 8. 最重要的是，你要重视你所拥有的，因为你的生命是有限的。(most importantly) 汉译英 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Most importantly, you should value what you have since your life is limited. 【精讲解析】考查固定过渡短语+核心搭配。most importantly为句首固定过渡短语（最重要的是）；be limited（有限的）为固定形容词搭配；value what you have（珍惜所拥有的）为写作高频固定动宾搭配，句式规范、搭配标准。 9.有清晰的方向感会让你保持专注和积极。（sense of direction）汉译英 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Having a clear sense of direction will keep you focused and positive. 【精讲解析】考查固定名词短语+固定宾补搭配。a sense of direction（方向感）为指定固定短语；keep sb. focused and positive（让某人专注积极）为高考高频固定使役搭配 四、语法填空 10．Keats is one of the greatest (romance) poets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】romantic 【详解】句意：济慈是最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。空格处需要修饰后面的名词poets，要用形容词作定语，romantic作形容词时意为“浪漫的，浪漫主义的”。 11． (see) that you’re busy, I won’t disturb you for long. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Seeing 【详解】句意：看到你很忙，我就不打扰你太久了。此处为现在分词作原因状语结构，逻辑主语I与动词see之间为主动关系，应用现在分词seeing，表“我看到你很忙”，作原因状语，首字母大写。 12．The monument (date) from the Qing Dynasty has become a local landmark. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dating 【详解】句意：这座始建于清朝的纪念碑已然成为当地地标。句中有谓语has become，________(date) from the Qing Dynasty作后置定语修饰名词The monument，与The monument之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词形式dating。 一、单项选择 1．The proposal was originally ______ by group of environmental activists. A．put off B．put up C．put away D．put forward 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这项提议最初是由一群环保活动家提出的。A. put off推迟；B. put up建造；C. put away收起来；D. put forward提出。题干中的主语是proposal（提议），通常与表示“提出”的动词短语搭配。 2．It wasn’t a good thing, ________ , it was a huge mistake. A．owing to B．at dusk C．on the contrary D．be bound to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这算不上一件好事，相反，这是一个极大的错误。A. owing to由于；B. at dusk在黄昏；C. on the contrary相反；D. be bound to必定。根据前后句相反的语义关系，此处用“相反”进行衔接，on the contrary符合语境。 3．We are ________ succeed if we stick to our primary goal. A．addicted to B．bound to C．committed to D．devoted to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只要坚持最初的目标，我们注定会取得成功。A. addicted to沉迷于；B. bound to注定、一定；C. committed to致力于；D. devoted to投身于。根据“if we stick to our primary goal”的条件逻辑，此处表达必定会成功。 4．He continued speaking, ________ my feelings on the matter. A．as a result of B．regardless of C．in case of D．instead of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他继续说着话，不顾我在这件事上的感受。A. as a result of由于，因为；B. regardless of不管，不顾；C. in case of万一；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据“He continued speaking”可知，他自顾自继续说话，完全不在意、不顾及我的感受。 5．As long as you ________ your dreams and keep working hard, you will surely achieve them one day. A．stick to B．get rid of C．make up for D．come up with 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：只要你坚持自己的梦想并继续努力，总有一天你一定会实现它们的。A. stick to坚持；B. get rid of摆脱；C. make up for弥补；D. come up with想出。根据“keep working hard”和“achieve them one day”可推知，此处指坚持梦想并继续努力，总有一天会实现梦想的，动词短语stick to符合题意。故选A项。 6．The small town is a far cry from the noisy city where she used to live. The underlined phrase indicates that the small town and the city are ________. A．almost the same B．completely different C．quite close D．very similar 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这个小镇和她以前居住的喧闹的城市大不相同。A. almost the same几乎相同；B. completely different完全不同；C. quite close相当接近；D. very similar非常相似。根据“a far cry from(与……大相径庭)”可知，小镇和她以前居住的城市大不相同。B选项符合句意。故选B。 7．A recent news report stated that the old subway station elevator has been ________ since last Friday, with repair work still in progress. A．out of shape B．out of sight C．out of service D．out of mind 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近的一则新闻报道称，自上周五以来，老地铁站的电梯一直处于停用状态，维修工作仍在进行中。A. out of shape变形，走样；B. out of sight看不见，在视野之外；C. out of service停止服务，停用；D. out of mind心不在焉，忘记。根据句中“with repair work still in progress”可知，电梯正在维修，所以一直处于停用状态。故选C。 8．Translation can be a rather tricky business. Therefore, the ignorance of cultural difference can ______ embarrassing misunderstandings. A．bring about B．turn out C．give out D．send out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：翻译可能是一项相当棘手的工作。因此，对文化差异的无知可能会引发尴尬的误解。A. bring about引起、导致；B. turn out结果是、证明是；C. give out分发、耗尽；D. send out发送、发出。根据语境和上文的“Translation can be a rather tricky business.”可知，翻译是很棘手的工作，所以，对文化差异的无知可能会“引发误解”符合句意。故选A项。 9．All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning building were ______．He dies soon afterwards． A．in place B．in return C．in vain D．in order 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们试图从着火的大楼里救出那个孩子的所有努力都白费了，不久之后他就死了。A. in place在适当的位置；B. in return作为回报；C. in vain徒劳无功，白费力气；D. in order整齐，按顺序。根据He dies soon afterwards可知，此处指救孩子的努力白费了，in vain符合语境。故选C。 10．Every citizen should ______ the responsibility to keep public places clean. A．take on B．take in C．take over D．take off 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个公民都应该承担保持公共场所清洁的责任。A. take on承担；B. take in吸收；C. take over接管；D. take off脱掉，起飞。根据“the responsibility”可知，指承担责任。故选A。 二、选词填空 短语填空 1． ，elementary schooling is more important than secondary schooling. 2．She some excuse about her daughter being sick. 3．They use specially trained dogs to their sheep at night. 4．As far as I’m concerned，things will get easier as time . 5．I think we should work out a plan to this situation. 6．Christmas is a special holiday when the whole family are supposed to . 7．I hear you’re looking for a student to a volunteer，aren’t you? 8．Don’t blame him for breaking that vase； he is a child. 9．There is a dramatic drop in sales. ，profits have greatly declined. 10．As grownups，they should learn to take responsibilities share rights in life. 【答案】 1．In a way 2．made up 3．watch over 4．goes by 5．deal with 6．get together 7．work as 8．after all 9．As a result 10．as well as 【分析】本题考查选词填空。主要考查短语在句中的运用。做此题，首先考生平时要积累大量的词汇和短语，这些是英语学习的重要基本功。然后，做题时，要根据句意选填正确的短语，并注意语法角度所填短语的形式。 1．考查短语。in a way在某种程度上。句意：在某种意义上来说，小学教育比中学教育更重要。故填In a way。 2．考查短语。make up编造。句意：她找了一些借口说她女儿生病了。故填made up。 3．考查短语。watch over看守，监视。句意：在晚上他们使用特别训练的狗来看守他们的羊群。故填watch over。 4．考查短语。go by (时间)过去，逝去，消逝。根据句意用一般现在时。句意：就我而言，随着时间的推移，事情会变得更容易。故填goes by。 5．考查短语。deal with处理，对付。句意：我认为我们应该制定一个解决这个问题的计划。故填deal with。 6．考查短语。get together聚会；聚集。句意：圣诞节是全家人应该在一起相聚的特殊节日。故填get together。 7．考查短语。work as担当； 充当。句意：我听说你在找一个学生担任志愿者，是吗？故填work as。 8．考查短语。after all毕竟，终究。句意：别怪他打碎了那个花瓶，；毕竟他还是个孩子。故填after all。 9．考查短语。as a result结果。句意：销售出现了惊人的滑坡，结果，利润大幅度地下降。故填As a result。 10．考查短语。as well as也，以及。作为成人，他们应该学会承担责任以及分享生活的权利。故填as well as。 短文语法填空 Passage 01 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式. The seventh edition of Chinese spelling bee competition took place on Friday, 1 (draw) more than 100 learners from primary, secondary and higher institutions to show their proficiency (熟练) in Chinese. Hosted by the United States International University-Africa (USIU-A), a private university 2 (locate) on the outskirts of Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, the event featured speeches, group discussions and writing. “Since its launch in 2020, the Chinese spelling bee competition 3 (develop) itself to become a platform for promoting the study of Mandarin among local youth, while increasing their admiration 4 Chinese culture,” said Wanjiku Mbugua, a Mandarin teacher at USIU-A． “Today’s spelling bee competition was 5 improvement from the last one. We have seen more uptake in Chinese language which has become a pathway for learners across all 6 (level) ,” Mbugua said. “We had around 150 participants and 7 is most impressive is that our spoken Chinese is getting better. We have seen teachers and students improving in 8 (pronounce) ,” she added. According to Mworia, the chairperson of Chinese Language Teachers Association in Kenya, the Chinese language remains the most 9 (effect) building block for enhancing China-Kenya ties across fields of culture, economics and diplomacy. “The future of Chinese language teaching in Kenya is promising,” Mworia said, “as it unlocks a host of opportunities for local youth 10 (secure) scholarships and jobs.” 【答案】 1．drawing 2．located 3．has developed 4．for 5．an 6．levels 7．what 8．pronunciation 9．effective 10．to secure 【导语】本文介绍第七届中文拼写大赛在肯尼亚举办，讲述该赛事自创办以来的发展意义、本届赛事亮点，以及中文在中肯文化、经济、外交交流中的重要作用和未来发展前景。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：第七届中文拼写大赛于周五举办，吸引了一百多名中小学及高校学习者展示自己的中文熟练水平。本句已有谓语动词took place，空格处用非谓语动词，表示主句带来的自然而然的结果，用动词draw“吸引”的现在分词形式drawing作结果状语。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：由美国国际大学非洲分校（USIU-A）主办，这是一所位于肯尼亚首都内罗毕郊区的私立大学，该活动内容包括演讲、小组讨论以及写作环节。locate“坐落于，位于”与其逻辑主语a private university之间为被动关系，固定搭配be located on表示“坐落于”，此处用过去分词形式located作后置定语。 3．考查时态。句意：自 2020 年举办以来，这场汉语拼写比赛已逐渐发展成为一个促进当地青少年学习汉语的平台，同时也增强了他们对中国文化的喜爱之情。结合时间状语Since its launch in 2020，可知此处需用现在完成时，主语the Chinese spelling bee competition为单数，故填has developed。 4．考查介词。句意：同上。固定搭配admiration for表示“对……的钦佩、喜爱”，故填for。 5．考查冠词。句意：本届拼写大赛相比上一届有了进步。空格处表示泛指，improvement为可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 6．考查名词复数。句意：学习中文的人数有所增加，中文已成为各个学段学习者的成长途径。all后接可数名词复数，故用levels“水平”的复数形式levels作宾语。 7．考查名词性从句。句意：我们有约一百五十名参赛者，最令人印象深刻的是我们的汉语口语水平正在提升。此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，用连接代词what。 8．考查名词。句意：我们看到师生们的发音都有了进步。介词后需接名词作宾语，pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation“发音”。 9．考查形容词。句意：汉语仍是增进中肯文化、经济、外交等各领域联系最有效的基石。修饰名词building block需用形容词，effect的形容词形式为effective“有效的”，与空格前的the most构成形容词的最高级。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它为当地青少年获得奖学金和工作开启了众多机遇。固定搭配opportunity to do sth.表示“做某事的机会”，不定式作后置定语，用secure“获得”的动词不定式形式。 Passage 02 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past two years, many people 1 (purchase) new energy vehicles. They often describe 2 unique experience: with features like voice commands and autonomous driving, the car stops being “just a car” and begins to feel like a partner — able to perceive, think, and anticipate. At home, however, AI has long remained limited to relatively “not-so-smart” devices such as voice 3 (assistant). Interactions were largely rule-based: if you deviate (偏离) even slightly from preset commands, the system would often respond improperly or produce 4 (satisfactory) results That began to change with the rise of large language models, including ChatGPT and other 5 (advance) AI systems. Initially 6 (restrict) to chat interfaces (交互界面), these models were mainly used to answer questions or generate text. Now, AI is entering more natural, conversational spaces. Take ByteDance’s Doubao for example: it can speak fluently, understand context, respond 7 an intelligent and thoughtful manner, and even access real-time information. But voice interaction is only the beginning. The real leap forward comes with multimodal models such as vision-language models (VLMs), 8 integrate visual and auditory input, greatly 9 (enhance) AI’s ability to perceive and interpret its surroundings. Consider meal preparation. Smart recipes existed long before AI, but they were 10 (essential) digital versions of printed instructions — you still had to follow each step manually. Multimodal AI is beginning to change that. 【答案】 1．have purchased 2．a 3．assistants 4．unsatisfactory 5．advanced 6．restricted 7．in 8．which 9．enhancing 10．essentially 【导语】文章介绍近两年新能源汽车搭载智能AI深受欢迎，家用智能设备不断升级，大语言模型与多模态模型让人工智能交互能力实现大幅提升。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：在过去两年里，很多人都购买了新能源汽车。此空为谓语动词，主语many people与purchase为主动关系，时间状语Over the past two years为现在完成时标志，主语many people为复数，所以应填have purchased。 2．考查冠词。句意：他们常常这样描述这段独特体验：凭借语音控制、自动驾驶等功能，这辆车不再只是单纯的交通工具，更像是一位伙伴 —— 它能够感知、思考并预判路况。此处泛指一段独特体验，且unique以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a， 3．考查名词复数。句意：然而在家中，人工智能长期以来仅应用在语音助手这类不算智能的设备上。assistant为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用复数形式assistants。 4．考查形容词。句意：互动在很大程度上遵循既定规则：只要你稍微偏离预设指令，系统常会回应失常或是给出不尽人意的结果。结合语境，此处表示“不满意的”，用形容词unsatisfactory作定语修饰名词results。 5．考查形容词。句意：随着ChatGPT以及其他先进人工智能系统等大语言模型兴起，情况开始发生改变。修饰名词AI systems需用形容词，advanced表示“先进的”，符合语境。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些模型起初仅局限于聊天交互界面，主要用来答疑和生成文本。此空为非谓语，句子主语these models与restrict为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词restricted作状语。 7．考查介词。句意：以字节跳动的豆包为例：它谈吐流畅、能够理解语境，以智能且周全的方式进行回应，甚至还可获取实时资讯。此处考查固定搭配in a...manner，表示“以……的方式”。 8．考查定语从句。句意：真正的突破来自视觉 - 语言模型等多模态模型，这类模型可整合视觉与听觉信息，大幅提升人工智能感知和解读周遭环境的能力。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词multimodal models， 指物，关系词从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导， 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：真正的突破来自视觉 - 语言模型等多模态模型，这类模型可整合视觉与听觉信息，大幅提升人工智能感知和解读周遭环境的能力。此处为非谓语，前面的句子和enhance为主动关系，再由语境可知，此处应用现在分词enhancing作结果状语，表自然而然产生的结果。 10．考查副词。句意：智能菜谱早在人工智能出现之前就已存在，但它们本质上只是纸质菜谱的电子版，使用者仍需一步步手动操作。修饰整个句子需用副词作状语，essentially，表示“本质上、实际上”，符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $