第二章 第二节 服装造型与廓型变化（课件）-《服装设计》（高教版-服装设计与工业专业）【上好课】

第二节服装造型与廓型变化 《服装设计》（高等教育出版社） 第二章 服装造型设计 上好课 情境导入 服装廓型表示法 廓型与款式变化 目 录 4.廓型与时装流行 课后拓展 课程总结 学习目标 能够准确阐述服装廓型的概念，并能熟练说出并识别字母型、物态型、几何形、体态型四种廓型表示法的特征。 01 03 知识目标：  通过对服装廓型的分析，培养学生从宏观视角审视服装设计的习惯，提升对服装造型美的鉴赏能力和对流行趋势的敏锐度。 情感目标：  能够运用廓型表示法，对给定服装进行快速、准确的廓型归纳与分析；能够初步分析廓型在流行趋势中的应用。 02 技能目标：  教学引入 一、服装廓型表示法 教学引入 思考：当站在远处观察时，最先映入眼帘的是什么元素？是复杂的口袋、蕾丝，还是整体的外形轮廓？ 廓型是服装外观的整体形状表现，是设计中最具辨识度的视觉元素。它决定了服装的第一印象，是流行趋势的重要载体，也是本节课深入学习的核心概念。 教学引入 廓形的视觉力量 知识讲授 服装廓形 概念：服装正面或侧面的外观轮廓。 思考：什么是服装廓形？ 廓型的三大核心特点： ① 舍弃繁琐款式细节 ② 简洁、直观、明确 ③ 迅速反映服装整体特征 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 思考：服装廓形的意义？ 双重价值锚点： 对设计师：把握本质、捕捉流行、清晰表达 对消费者：直观判断、科学搭配、理解趋势 服装廓形 知识讲授 方法一：字母型表示法——直观易记 字母型表示法是最常见的廓型描述方法。它以英文字母的形态来类比服装的外轮廓，具有简单明了、容易识别和记忆的特点。我们最常用的基本廓型包括A型、H型、X型、T型等。 服装廓型表示法 A型 H型廓型解析 H型廓型 上衣和大衣以不收腰、窄下摆为基本特征，衣身呈直筒状。裙子和裤子也以上下等宽的直筒状为特征，风格简约、中性。 A型廓型 上衣和大衣通常以不收腰、下摆散开，或者收腰、宽下摆为基本特征。整体呈现上窄下宽的形态。 X型 T型廓型解析 不同廓型不仅改变服装形态，更能重塑穿着者的视觉比例与风格气质。 T型廓型 以上衣和连衣裙的短肥或蓬松的短袖，以及瘦长的衣身为基本特征，上宽下窄，营造复古或前卫风格。 X型廓型 以上衣和大衣的宽肩、细腰、宽摆为基本特征，强调身材的曲线美。 方法二：物态型表示法——源于自然 物态型表示法，是以大自然或生活中熟悉的物体形态来描述服装廓型。这种方法非常直观亲切，比如气球型、钟型、喇叭型、花篮型、酒瓶型等。 方法三：几何型表示法——简洁明快 几何型表示法，是用特征明显的几何图形来描述服装廓型，具有简洁明快的特点。主要包括三角形、梯形、长方形、椭圆形等。 三角形 梯形 长方形 椭圆形 方法四：体态型表示法——以人为本 体态型表示法，是从服装与人体的关系及穿着状态来描述廓型。具有直接了当的特点。它能把我们的注意力直接引向服装的穿着效果，比如长身型、苗条型、自然型、上贴下松型等，这些描述都和人体的状态息息相关。 师生互动 服装廓型诊断实战 小组协作：各小组领取五张不同风格服装图片，五分钟内协作完成廓型诊断，用字母型、物态型等表示法，写出每张图片的廓型，并简要说明理由。” 小组展示与点评： 邀请2-3个小组代表上台，利用实物投影仪展示。 背诵记忆 2 1 服装廓形：服装正面或侧面的外观轮廓。 服装廓型的四种表示法： 字母型：以英文字母的形态来表现服装的外轮廓（A、H、X、T）。 物态型：以大自然或生活中熟悉的物体形态来描述服装廓型 。 几何形：用特征明显的几何图形来描述服装廓型。 体态型：从服装与人体的关系及穿着状态来描述廓型。 课堂练习 一、填空题 服装廓型是指服装__________或__________的外观轮廓。 用__________表示服装造型具有简洁明了、易识易记的特点，常见的类型有A型、H型、X型和__________型。 解析： 1、正面或侧面。 廓型是服装从正面或侧面观察时呈现的整体外形，它忽略内部细节，只关注最外围的轮廓线，是服装最直观的视觉特征。 2、字母型、T 字母型表示法以英文字母的形态表现服装造型特征，A型上窄下宽，H型呈直筒状，X型宽肩束腰，T型肩部夸张、下摆收紧，四种基本型涵盖了常见的服装廓型。 课堂练习 选择题 “喇叭型”“沙漏型”“气球型”属于下列哪种表示法？（ ） A. 字母型表示法 B. 物态型表示法 C. 几何形表示法 D. 体态型表示法 解析：B 物态型表示法借用自然界或生活中的物体形态来命名廓型，如喇叭型（像喇叭花）、沙漏型（像沙漏）、气球型（像气球），具有直观亲切、富于想象的特点。 课堂练习 2、一件服装采用宽肩设计、腰部收紧、下摆展开，这种廓型最可能是（  ） A. A型 B. H型 C. X型 D. T型 解析：  C X型的核心特征是宽肩、束腰、阔摆，上下宽、中间收，形成“X”形轮廓，最能体现女性曲线美。A型缺少束腰特征，H型无收腰，T型下摆收紧而非展开。 连线题：以下服装属于哪一种廓形？ A型 H型 X型 T型 课堂练习 廓型与款式变化 廓型是服装的“骨架”，它决定了服装的整体形态和基本轮廓； 款式是服装的“血肉”，它是填充在这个“骨架”上的具体细节和组合形式。 只看廓型是不完整的，一件服装的完整形象，必须由廓型和款式共同构成。 衣架（骨架）与不同款式的服装（血肉） 核心概念：好的设计需要“骨架”与“血肉”的完美结合，缺一不可。 二、廓型与款式变化 同廓型，款式万千 在服装构成中，服装廓型的数量是有限的，但服装款式的数量是无限的。同样一个服装廓型，可以用无数种服装款式去充实和演绎。这为我们的设计提供了无限的可能性。 款式变化的无限可能 局部构成 在领、门襟、衣袋、袖口、腰头的构成形式上进行变化。 线条组合 在分割线、结构线、装饰线的组合方式上进行变化。 工艺装饰 在镶拼、装饰、层次、工艺等方面的使用上进行变化。 廓型的跨界应用 同一种服装廓型，不仅可以用于连衣裙的设计，也可以用于大衣、上衣，甚至裤子的设计。可以将一个成功的廓型灵感，应用到不同的服装品类中，创造出系列化的设计作品。 核心价值：将单一灵感转化为系列化设计，最大化设计价值与品牌识别度。 Animated picture fly in and box out (Intermediate) Tip: For best results when reproducing the picture effect on this slide, you may want to use the Snap objects to other objects feature. To do so, right-click the slide background and then click Grid and Guides. Under Snap to, select Snap objects to other objects. To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size & Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 4” and the width is set to 5.33”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the Crop pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Click Align Middle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the in the Shape Height box, enter 0.05”. In the Shape Width box, enter 10.3”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then click Blue, Accent 1 (first row, fifth option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Effects, point to Preset, and then under Presets, click Preset 8 (second row, fourth option from the left). Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process three more times for a total of four rectangles. Drag one of the rectangles until the bottom edge of the rectangle meets the top edge of the picture. Drag another rectangle until the top edge of the rectangle meets the bottom edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the other two rectangles. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 7.8”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.05”. Drag one of the vertical rectangles until the right edge of the rectangle meets the left edge of the picture. Drag the other vertical rectangle until the left edge of the rectangle meets the right edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the horizontal (top and bottom) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the vertical (left and right) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fly In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. With the picture selected, also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.7 In the Delay box, enter 1.3. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fly Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. Also on the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. In the Animation Pane, select the 10th animation (box exit effect). In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous In the Duration box, enter 0.7. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows: Select the first stop from left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 46%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the second stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 60% (third row, fifth option from the left). Animated picture fly in and box out (Intermediate) Tip: For best results when reproducing the picture effect on this slide, you may want to use the Snap objects to other objects feature. To do so, right-click the slide background and then click Grid and Guides. Under Snap to, select Snap objects to other objects. To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size & Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 4” and the width is set to 5.33”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the Crop pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Click Align Middle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the in the Shape Height box, enter 0.05”. In the Shape Width box, enter 10.3”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then click Blue, Accent 1 (first row, fifth option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Effects, point to Preset, and then under Presets, click Preset 8 (second row, fourth option from the left). Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process three more times for a total of four rectangles. Drag one of the rectangles until the bottom edge of the rectangle meets the top edge of the picture. Drag another rectangle until the top edge of the rectangle meets the bottom edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the other two rectangles. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 7.8”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.05”. Drag one of the vertical rectangles until the right edge of the rectangle meets the left edge of the picture. Drag the other vertical rectangle until the left edge of the rectangle meets the right edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the horizontal (top and bottom) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the vertical (left and right) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fly In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. With the picture selected, also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.7 In the Delay box, enter 1.3. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fly Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. Also on the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. In the Animation Pane, select the 10th animation (box exit effect). In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous In the Duration box, enter 0.7. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows: Select the first stop from left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 46%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the second stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 60% (third row, fifth option from the left). Animated picture fly in and box out (Intermediate) Tip: For best results when reproducing the picture effect on this slide, you may want to use the Snap objects to other objects feature. To do so, right-click the slide background and then click Grid and Guides. Under Snap to, select Snap objects to other objects. To reproduce the picture effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert. On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size & Position dialog box launcher. In the Format Picture dialog box, resize or crop the image so that the height is set to 4” and the width is set to 5.33”. To crop the picture, click Crop in the left pane, and in the Crop pane, under Crop position, enter values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. To resize the picture, click Size in the left pane, and in the Size pane, under Size and rotate, enter values into the Height and Width boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Click Align Middle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the in the Shape Height box, enter 0.05”. In the Shape Width box, enter 10.3”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then click Blue, Accent 1 (first row, fifth option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click Shape Effects, point to Preset, and then under Presets, click Preset 8 (second row, fourth option from the left). Select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process three more times for a total of four rectangles. Drag one of the rectangles until the bottom edge of the rectangle meets the top edge of the picture. Drag another rectangle until the top edge of the rectangle meets the bottom edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the other two rectangles. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 7.8”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.05”. Drag one of the vertical rectangles until the right edge of the rectangle meets the left edge of the picture. Drag the other vertical rectangle until the left edge of the rectangle meets the right edge of the picture. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the horizontal (top and bottom) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Press and hold CTRL, and then select both of the vertical (left and right) rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Entrance click Fly In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. With the picture selected, also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 0.7 In the Delay box, enter 1.3. Press and hold CTRL, and then select the four rectangles on the slide. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then under Exit click Fly Out. Also on the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 2.0. Also on the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Animation Pane. On the slide, select the top horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Bottom. On the slide, select the bottom horizontal rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Top. On the slide, select the left vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Right. On the slide, select the right vertical rectangle. In the Animation Pane, select the highlighted fly-out effect. In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click To Left. On the slide, select the picture. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Box, and then click OK. In the Animation Pane, select the 10th animation (box exit effect). In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click In. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous In the Duration box, enter 0.7. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows: Select the first stop from left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 46%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the second stop from the left in the slider, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 60% (third row, fifth option from the left). 知识讲授 关注和研究服装廓形，意义在于通过廓形把握服装造型的基本特征。服装造型体现的是服装的共性，而服装款式则是服装个性的表现。 廓型与时装流行 三、廓型与时装流行 知识讲授 在服装流行的过程中，设计师应该是主动的，而消费者则是被动的。每年每季的服装流行，都有几个基本的服装造型在起主导作用。 知识讲授 01 对服装市场进行调查走访。通过互联网了解服装信息。 关注和留心社会热点新闻，并研究其内在动因。 掌握国内外服装资料信息，了解服装届的新动向及理论研究的新走向。 02 03 市场调研 关注时尚 学术动态 思考：从哪几个方面抓住服装的造型？ 师生互动 示范：观察服装识别褶皱等装饰，概括忽略内部细节干扰，勾勒画出最外围轮廓线。 学会舍弃细节，准确判断和运用廓型。学会透过现象看本质。 课堂练习 一、填空题 廓型的数量是__________（有限/无限）的，而款式的数量是__________（有限/无限）的。例如，__________型廓型可以衍生出A字裙、A型大衣、A型连衣裙等多种款式。 解析： 有限/无限/A。服装廓型的基本类型相对固定（如A、H、X、T等），但在此基础上可以通过领型、袖型、口袋、分割线等细节的无穷组合，创造出千变万化的款式。这正是廓型与款式关系的核心：廓型提供框架，款式填充内容。 课堂练习 关于廓型与款式的关系，下列说法正确的是（   ） A. 款式决定服装的整体风格 B. 同一廓型只能有一种款式 C. 廓型是宏观主导，款式是微观填充 D. 款式比廓型更重要 解析：C  廓型决定服装的总体印象和风格，是宏观主导；款式则是具体细节的组合，是微观填充。同一廓型（如A型）可以有无数种款式变化，二者同等重要，缺一不可。 二、选择题 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 课堂练习 2、以下关于同一廓型下款式变化的说法，正确的是（ ） A. 同一廓型只能设计出一种固定的款式 B. 同一廓型的款式变化受限于廓型的基本特征，但可以有无限可能 C. 款式变化必须完全改变服装的廓型 D. 廓型一旦确定，款式细节就没有变化空间了 解析： B。同一廓型（如A型）虽然受限于“上窄下宽”的基本特征，但在这个框架内，可以通过领型、袖型、面料、装饰等多种元素的组合，创造出风格各异的款式。这正是服装设计的魅力所在。 课堂练习 3、设计师要在保持H型廓型的前提下设计一款大衣，以下哪种设计会破坏H型特征？（ ） A. 采用直筒剪裁，不设腰线 B. 肩部和下摆保持相同宽度 C. 在腰部增加宽大的腰带并收紧 D. 使用利落的翻领设计 解析： C。H型的核心特征是上下等宽、腰部不收紧。在腰部增加宽大腰带并收紧会形成收腰效果，改变H型的直筒状特征，使其偏向X型或沙漏型。其他选项均在H型的允许变化范围内。 课堂练习 4、某品牌推出一系列A型半身裙，包括牛仔A字裙、格纹百褶A字裙、蕾丝A字裙等。这体现了（ ） A. 廓型决定款式，款式不能改变廓型 B. 同一廓型可以变化出多种款式 C. 款式比廓型更重要 D. 廓型与款式没有关系 解析： B。该品牌的所有裙子都保持了A型“上窄下宽”的基本特征，但通过面料（牛仔、格纹、蕾丝）、结构（百褶、直筒）等变化，呈现出不同的款式风格。 拓展提升 领口设计：可以设计V领、圆领、一字领、方领或立领等不同形式。 袖型设计：可以选择泡泡袖、灯笼袖、插肩袖、羊腿袖或无袖等不同袖型，丰富细节变化。 腰线处理：可以采用自然腰线、高腰线或低腰线设计，使用腰带、腰封或结构分割线突出束腰效果。 下摆造型：可以设计鱼尾摆、波浪摆、直摆或不规则摆，增加裙摆的层次感和动感。 装饰元素：可以通过蕾丝、刺绣、荷叶边、蝴蝶结等装饰。 思考：如果让你设计一款以“X型”为廓型的连衣裙，你会从哪些方面进行款式变化？（至少说出两点） 课堂小结 三大核心回顾 廓型是服装外观轮廓与设计基础；四大表示法构成专业认知体系；廓型为骨款式为肉，二者辩证统一。抓住廓型即抓住设计的魂，把握流行的脉。 课堂小结 课后作业 基础作业：搜集五张不同廓型图片并标注类型理由。 拓展作业：制作春款廓型趋势剪贴板并撰写分析。 感谢观看 $