专题1 拔高闯关-题组1(实战册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

实战册 实战高考·英语 拔高闯关) 题组一 Passage33(2025山东青岛一模，A) 主题：社会服务答案：P407 Join us at the 2025 ACA (American Camp Association)National Conference in Dallas for four days of learning and professional development from February 18 to 21.It is a wonderful opportunity to promote new connections with fellow camp professionals through social and issues-based networking. Conference Location Hilton Anatole Hotel in the heart of Dallas was selected as the conference location for a good reason.It is close to all the city has to offer,including beautiful architecture,historic landmarks,and exciting entertainment centers.When you're ready to explore,Hilton Anatole is just minutes'walk from these fantastic spots.It is also a short drive to Dallas/Ft.Worth Inter- national Airport and Dallas Love Field Airport. Hotel Reservations ACA's contracted discounted rates will be available up to three days before and after our conference dates,on a first-come,first-served basis through January 22,2025. Conference Rates for Standard Rooms: ·Single/Double:$279 ·Triple:$299 ·Quadruple:$3l9 You will receive free basic wireless guestroom Internet and access to Verandah Health Club at the ACA's contracted room rate,without adding the optional Resort Package.The reservation site may offer optional upgrades at additional cost based on availability.If making a reservation via phone,be sure to mention that you will participate in the ACA conference to access the correct room rate. 1.What makes Hilton Anatole the chosen site for the conference? A.Convenient location. B.Great popularity. C.Advanced facilities. D.Fascinating scenery. 2.What's the deadline of booking rooms at a contracted discounted price? A.February 18.B.February 21. C.January 22. D.January 19. 3.What does the ACA's contracted room rate include? A.Full-coverage network. B.VIP membership. C.Free room upgrades. D.Access to a fitness club 60 0专题1阅读理解 Passage34(2025山东日照一模，D) 主题：认识自我答案：P408 Why are we so sure that the way we see people,situations and politics is accurate,and the way other people see them is foolishly wrong?The answer,according to new research by UCLA psychology professor Matthew Lieberman,lies in a region of the brain he calls the "gestalt cortex",which helps people make sense of information that is unclear or incomplete and dismiss alternative interpretations. People often mistake their own understanding of people and events as objective truth, rather than as merely their own interpretation.That phenomenon,called "naive realism",leads people to believe that they should have the final word on the world around them."The evidence from neural data is clear that the gestalt cortex is central to how we construct our version of reality,Lieberman said. Mental acts that are organized,effortless and based on our experiences tend to occur in the gestalt cortex.For example,a person might see someone else smiling and without giving it any apparent thought,perceive that the other person is happy.Because those inferences are imme- diate and effortless,they typically feel more like "seeing reality"-even though happiness is an internal psychological state-than they do like "thinking",Lieberman said. "We believe we have merely witnessed things as they are,which makes it more difficult to appreciate,or even consider,other perspectives,he said."The mind emphasizes its best answer and rejects the rest of solutions.The mind may initially process the world like a democ- racy(民主国家)where every alternative interpretation gets a vote,but it quickly ends up like an authoritarian regime(独裁政体)where one interpretation rules with an iron fist and disagreement is removed.In selecting one interpretation,the gestalt cortex literally abandons others.” The gestalt cortex is located behind the ear and it is situated between the parts of the brain responsible for processing vision,sound and touch;those parts are connected by a struc- ture called the temporo-parietal junction,which is part of the gestalt cortex.In the new study, Lieberman proposes that the temporo-parietal junction is central to conscious experience and that it helps organize and integrate psychological features of situations that people see so they can make sense of them effortlessly. 1.What does Lieberman's study focus on? A.Why people tend to think they are right. B.Why people often misunderstand others. C.How people perceive the world differently. D.How people treat alternative interpretations. 2.What does "naive realism"refer to in paragraph 2? A.Trusting others'opinions blindly. B.Drawing inferences reasonably C.Avoiding similar interpretations. D.Confusing personal views with facts. 3.How does the gestalt cortex handle conflicting interpretations? A.It dismisses the false ones. B.It prioritizes one over the others. C.It analyses their differences. D.It develops them into a new idea. 4.What is the key role of the temporo-parietal junction according to Lieberman? A.Locating the position of the gestalt cortex B.Controlling voluntary physical movement C.Integrating senses for easy comprehension D.Storing long-term memories of social events 61 实战册 实战高考·英语 Passage35(2025山东淄博一模，C) 主题：生物科学研究答案：P408 We take our speech abilities for granted.Most people do not stop to think of how other animals and insects communicate with each other.Ants are amazing creatures that have a tireless work pattern and complex social structure.To achieve this,they must have some ways of communicating with each other.Obviously,ants do not speak as we do,so how do they communicate? Ants communicate by releasing pheromones()that function outside of the body to send chemical messages to the ant that receives it and by touching their antennae()to feel and smell each other.The best example that we can see very clearly is that ants find food sources and drop pheromones on their ways.By using their antennae to detect pheromone trails and following a sweeping pattern,they encounter a trail.Once the pheromone trail is found, they follow it with one antenna on either side of the path,ensuring they keep on track.This allows other ants to follow the pheromones.The result of these pheromone paths is long lines of ants,marching one behind each other to collect food. The queen ant uses pheromones to signal.As the queen ages,she gives off pheromones that tell the ant colony that she is dying.They begin feeding and preparing a pupa()to be the new queen.When ants greet each other with their antennae,they can tell if they are friends or foes and what function each ant fulfills in the nest. Scientists know that this is possible,but they are still trying to identify which pheromones share this information.Ants also give off pheromones that identify the nest they belong to, their social status,and their maturity.The more researchers study ants,the more they discover about their ability to translate information to one another,learn,form collective memories and sound alarms.Ants are truly amazing communicators 1.How could ants communicate according to the text? A.By attracting companions via sounds. B.By sending alarm signals to the queen. C.By identifying pheromones with antennae. D.By keeping on the same track. 2.What is the function of the pheromone trail? A.To spot enemies in the ant colony. B.To help companions find food sources. C.To keep the orders of the ant community D.To enable ants to communicate with humans. 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Ants have no collective memories. B.Ants'alarm-sounding ability is unique C.Researchers have identified the types of pheromones. D.More secrets on ants'communication remain unknown. 4.Which can be the best title for the text? A.The Insight into Ants'Communication B.The Secret of Touching Antennae C.The Research on Ants'Memories D.The Amazing World of Ants 62 0专题1阅读理解 Passage36(2025山东济宁一模，D) 主题：系统0答案：P408 The growing interaction between humans and artificial intelligence (AI)is shaping a new way of thinking,known as System 0.This new cognitive(framework exists outside the human mind and works as an external "thinking assistant".System 0 works alongside the two established models of human thought:System 1,which is fast,intuitive()and automatic, and System 2,which is slower,more analytical,and reflective. Just as an external drive allows us to store data that are not present on the computer,and we can work by connecting our drive to a PC wherever we are,AI,with its powerful processing and data-handling capabilities,can represent an external circuit to the human brain capable of enhancing it.Hence the idea of System 0,which is essentially a form of "external"thinking that relies on the capabilities of Al. By managing enormous amounts of data,AI can process information and provide sugges- tions based on complex algorithms ()However,unlike intuitive or analytical thinking, System 0 can perform calculations,make predictions,and generate responses without truly "understanding"the content of the data it works with. The integration of System 0 into human cognition raises some concerns.One of the most pressing ones is the potential damage to our critical thinking and reasoning abilities.If we blindly trust the output of System 0 without questioning it,we risk losing our ability to think independently,leading to a weaker capacity for innovation and creativity.At the same time,it is important to acknowledge the potential benefits of System 0 in increasing our cognitive capa- bilities and addressing complex challenges that may be beyond the capacity of human intelli- gence alone. Despite the polarized visions on the topic of the evolution of Al,we recommend that this revolutionary system be the object of a deep,shared reflection on how we plan to integrate it into the future of human thought.To ensure that AI remains a tool to enhance-rather than decrease-our cognitive autonomy,clear boundaries must be established. 1.What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A.To state AI's influence on daily life. B.To introduce a new cognitive model. C.To compare three thinking systems. D.To discuss AI's role in decision-making. 2.Which can best describe the essence of System 0? A.A deep meaning seeker. B.An analytical thinking pioneer. C.A smart decision-maker. D.An external cognitive enhancer. 3.What is the author's tone carried in paragraph 4? A.Pushy. B.Indifferent. C.Objective. D.Dismissive. 4.What will the follow-up paragraph most probably talk about? A.Moral dilemmas in human-AI integration. B.Possibly promising prospects of System 0. C.Technical challenges in sharpening System 0. D.Specific guidelines on using System 0 critically. 63the risk.”可知，走出舒适区时，我们会评估参与活动的 欲望、权衡利弊以及判断风险是否值得，但并未提到会 回忆过去的经历。故选A。 解题陷阱本题考生容易因题干理解失误落入陷阱。 注意不要漏读not。 3C推理判断题。末段以学习一种新乐器为例，说明走 出舒适区的益处，但未展开具体过程。下文很可能继 续详述该例证（如练习步骤、挑战等）。故选C。 4C标题归纳题。文章主要讨论了舒适区的定义、走出 舒适区的好处以及如何通过走出舒适区促进学习和成 长。因此，最佳标题是“走出舒适区促进学习”。故 选C。 Passage 32 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“聚光 灯效应”(spotlight effect)的概念，以及这种效应如何影 响我们的认知。 ①B推理判断题。第一段中列举了两种情境：正面突出 (如进球得分)和负面突出（如穿错衣服）。二者的共同 点是“感到自己被他人注意(felt you stood out).”,而非 单纯“被评判”或“尴尬时刻”。故选B。 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选D。第一段中的信息 "made a fool of yourself""wearing a piece of clothing that made you look entirely out of place”会造成考生 出现理解偏差，对应到D选项“Your embarrassing moments.”。提醒考生仔细对比，准确理解段落主旨， 确定最佳选项。 ②A推理判断题。第三段的实验中，参与者自己穿尴 尬T恤时高估被关注度，但评估他人时更准确。研究 者通过对比两种情境，证明“聚光灯效应”源于自我视 角偏差。故选A。 ③B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Yet understanding fewer people than we realize actually care about our negative performance or errors can be incredibly free- g.”可知，如果我们表现不佳，对“聚光灯效应”的洞 察可能会让我们感到解脱。故选B。 ④C词义猜测题。最后一段中强调，提醒自己“他人没 那么关注你”可抵消(counteract).“聚光灯效应”，即减 弱其负面影响。故选C。 O实战册参考答案及解析 长难句分析 You may well remember the last time you made a fool of yourself when asked a question in front of the entire class or when you felt you stood out,either posi- tively,like scoring a perfect goal in a soccer game,or negatively,like wearing a piece of clothing that made you look entirely out of place. 【分析】句子主千为You may well remember the last time;you made a fool of yourself是定语从句，修饰the last time;两个when引导时间状语从句；you stood out 是felt的宾语；either..or..连接了两个状语；that引 导定语从句，修饰clothing。. 【译文】你可能清楚地记得上一次出丑或高光的时 刻一无论是在全班面前被提问时的尴尬，还是那些 自觉引人注目的时刻：比如在足球赛中踢进完美一球 的闪亮瞬间，又或是穿了件让自己显得格格不入的衣 服的窘迫经历。 Passage 33 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年 美国营地协会(ACA)在达拉斯举行的全国会议的相关信 息，包括会议时间、地点、酒店预订、房价等细节。 ①A细节理解题。Conference Location部分中的“Itis close to all the city has to offer,including beautiful architecture,historic landmarks,and exciting enter- tainment centers...Hilton Anatole is just minutes' walk from these fantastic spots.It is also a short drive to..”表明酒店的地理位置非常便利。故选A。 ②C细节理解题。根据Hotel Reservations部分中的 "ACA's contracted discounted rates will be available up to three days before and after our conference dates,on a first-come,first-served basis through January22,2025.”可知，以协议优惠价预订房间的截 止日期是2025年1月22日。故选C。 3D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You will receive free basic wireless guestroom Internet and access to Verandah Health Club at the ACA's contracted room rate,without adding the optional Resort Package. 知，以ACA的合同房价预订房间将包括免费的基础 无线网络和Verandah健身俱乐部的使用权。故 选D。 407 答案 实战高考·英语 Passage 34 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大 学心理学教授马修·利伯曼的研究。研究指出人们常相 信自己对人、事和政治的看法正确而别人的错误，这源于 大脑的“格式塔皮层”。 ①A细节理解题。文章第一段Lieberman的研究结果 表明，人们之所以认为自己的看法正确，而别人的错 误，答案在于“gestalt cortex'”这个区域，它帮助人们理 解不明确或者不完整的信息，并排除其他解释。再结 合第二段Lieberman所说的话“The evidence from neural data is clear that the gestalt cortex is central to how we construct our version of reality”可知，a研究的 核心是人们为何认为自己正确，而他人错误，对应选项 A“为什么人们倾向于认为自己是对的”。故选A。 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选C项（人们如何不同地 感知世界)。文中研究的核心是解释“人们为何坚信自 己的观，点是客观真理，而否定他人”，而非单纯描述感 知差异。若考生仅关注“感知差异”这一表面现象，就 会误选C。但研究本质是揭示这种自信的心理机制。 提醒考生注意分清核心目标。 2D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“People often mis-. take their own understanding of people and events as objective truth,rather than as merely their own inter- pretation.That phenomenon,called 'naive realism', leads people to believe that they should have the final word on the world around them.”可知，朴素现实主义 指的是人们常把自己的理解当作客观事实，而非个人 解释，所以选项D“将个人观点与事实混淆”正确。故 选D。 3B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The mind emphasizes its best answer and rejects the rest of solutions.The mind may initially process the world like a democracy(民主国家)where every alternative interpretation gets a vote,but it quickly ends up like an authoritarian regime(独裁政体)where one inter-. pretation rules with an iron fist and disagreement is removed.In selecting one interpretation,the gestalt cortex literally abandons others.”可知，大脑最初像民 主国家，每个解释都有投票权，但很快就变成独裁政 体，其中一种解释以强硬手段占据主导地位，而不同意 408 见则被排除掉。因此，gestalt cortex会优先选择一种 解释，排除其他。故选B。 ④C细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，temporo parietal junction是gestalt cortex的一部分，负责连接 视觉、听觉、触觉区域，并组织和整合心理特征，使人们 能轻松理解情境。选项C“整合感官以便于理解”直接 对应这一功能。故选C。 Passage 35 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蚂蚁如 何通过释放信息素和使用触角进行交流，以及科学家对 此进行的研究。 ①C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Ants commu- nicate by releasing pheromones(信息素)that function outside of the body to send chemical messages to the ant that receives it and by touching their antennae() to feel and smell each other.”可知，蚂蚁通过释放体外 起作用的信息素来向接收信息的蚂蚁发送化学信息， 并通过触碰它们的触角来感觉和闻对方的味道进行交 流。故选C。 2B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The result of these pheromone paths is long lines of ants,marching one behind each other to collect food.”可知，这些信息 素路径的结果是长长的蚂蚁队伍，它们一个接一个地 行进去收集食物。因此，信息素轨迹的功能是帮助同 伴找到食物来源。故选B。 ③D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The more researchers study ants,the more they discover about their ability to translate information to one another, learn,form collective memories and sound alarms. 知，研究人员对蚂蚁的研究越多，他们就越能发现更多 蚂蚁相互传递信息、学习、形成集体记忆和发出警报的 能力。因此，蚂蚁交流的更多秘密仍然未知。故选D。 ④A标题归纳题。全文主要介绍了蚂蚁如何通过释放 信息素和使用触角进行交流，以及科学家对此进行的 研究，选项A精准概括主题。故选A。 Passage 36 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新 的认知模型一系统0，介绍了其本质以及工作原理等 情况。 ①B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，人类与人工智能 (AI)之间日益增长的互动正在形成一种新的思维方 式，即系统0。这个新的认知框架存在于人类思维之 外，作为一个外部的“思维助手”。系统0与两种已建 立的人类思维模式一起工作：快速、直觉和自动的系统 1,以及较慢、更善于分析和反思的系统2。因此，第一 段的目的是介绍一种新的认知模型—系统0。故 选B。 2D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hence the idea of System 0,which is essentially a form of 'external' thinking that relies on the capabilities of AI.”可知， System0的概念本质上是一种依赖于AI能力的“外 部”思维形式。因此，系统0的本质是外部认知增强 剂。故选D。 3C推理判断题。通读第四段可知，作者提到了盲目相 信系统0导致的问题，也提到了系统0的优点，即作者 的语气是客观的。故选C。 ④D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To ensure that AI remains a tool to enhance-rather than decrease our cognitive autonomy,clear boundaries must be established.”可知，为了确保人工智能仍然是增强而不 是降低我们认知自主性的工具，明确的界限必须被建 立。因此，接下来的段落最有可能讨论关于批判性使 用系统0的具体指南。故选D。 Passage 37 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个 “项目式学习”的示例。 ①B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a growing number of schools,educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator.Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional'maths at age nine,history at ten,liter- ature at eleven’structure.”可知，在越来越多的学校 里，教育工作者认为让学生从实际问题入手参与学习 是一种很好的激励方式。以项目为基础的自由跨学科 学习提供了优于传统“9岁数学，10岁历史，11岁文 学”结构的教育。因此，“项目式学习”的特点是参与现 实世界的问题。故选B。 ②C细节理解题。根据Water Wheel Project部分 "Fifth-graders explore history,science,technology, and engineering by designing their own water wheels. By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, O实战册参考答案及解析 which dates back to the 1640s,they've already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology.”可知，五 年级学生通过设计自己的水车来探索历史、科学、技术 和工程。当他们参观附近可追溯到17世纪40年代的 索格斯钢铁厂时，他们已经测试并掌握了这项有数百 年历史的技术。因此，该项目包含了参观历史遗址的 实地考察。故选C。 3B细节理解题。根据Bridge Project部分中的 "Students don't restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths,literature,history, science-whatever is appropriate to the study.”可知， 学生们不局限于一门学科，而是研究数学、文学、历史、 科学一任何适合这项研究的学科。因此，该项目强 调不同学科的融合。故选B。 Passage 38 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章以作者在假日旅行 中看到孩子情绪崩溃及旁人对母亲的评判这一现象为切 入点，通过阐述自已的经历和感受，引用他人观点，分析 了评判带来的不良影响，进而提出应停止评判、以同情之 心对待母亲等观点。 ①A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘Can't that mom get a handle on her child?'That kid needs some disci- pline!'...These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease.”可知，这些旁观者只是轻 松地发表评论，却没有考虑到实际情况的复杂性。由 此推出，当一个只会空谈的批评家很容易。故选A。 ②C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a mom who was constantly peppered with comments from well- intentioned friends who thought they were in posses- sion of the recipe for perfect parenthood,I was all too familiar with her situation.”可知，作为一位母亲，作者 经常受到一些好心朋友的评论，他们认为自己掌握了 完美育儿的秘决，她对安检处那位母亲的处境非常熟 悉。结合第三段中的“Raising children is hard,.and every child and family situation is extremely unique.. Judgment certainly isn't helpful,only causing a feeling of shame.”可知，作者认为养育孩子情况复杂，这种评 判是没有帮助的，只会导致羞耻感。故选C。 3B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“.·Author Jan Bonhoeffer states,'Left unexamined,shame can cloud 409