专题03 选择性必修第四册Units 1～3 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习课件）高二英语下学期外研版

这是一份高中英语期末复习课件，针对外研版选择性必修第四册Units 1~3，共70页。以考情透视·目标导航明确复习方向，知识梳理·夯实基础系统整合单词短语句型，语法串讲·融会贯通聚焦时态语态状语从句，考场练兵·实战训练通过多样练习巩固提升，构建完整复习支架。 资料特色突出核心素养培养，语言能力上分单元积累写作句式如“the road ahead is a mixture of choice and chance”，文化意识通过Unit 3“中国与世界”主题渗透家国情怀，思维品质在语法对比（如现在完成时与现在完成进行时）中提升分析能力，学习能力借助考情分析引导针对性复习。适合高二学生巩固基础、提升综合运用能力，为教师提供结构化复习方案，助力期末高效备考。

期末复习考点串讲 Units 1~3 外研版·英语·选择性必修第四册 01 考情透视·目标导航 目 录 语法串讲·融会贯通 知识梳理·夯实基础 考场练兵·实战训练 02 03 04 课标要求 考情分析 第一部分 考情透视·目标导航 考情透视·目标导航 Unit 1: Looking forwards 核心复习要点： 主题语境聚焦人与自我，探讨未来的人生道路选择；核心内容涵盖人生规划与机遇的思辨，赏析经典诗歌《未选择的路》，并掌握求职信的撰写技巧。核心素养旨在培养思辨能力与积极心态，积累描述个人经历、表达人生选择的核心词汇与句型，提升英语在人生规划话题中的表达与应用能力。 Unit 2: Lessons in life 核心复习要点： 围绕人与自我主题，探索生活的真谛与人生智慧；核心内容包含对生命、死亡、爱与价值观的深度探讨，学习经典谚语并阅读戏剧《青鸟》，掌握故事梗概的写作方法。核心素养侧重接触多元文化背景下的人生哲学，树立积极乐观的生活态度，同时积累相关话题的英语表达素材，深化对生活的思考与感悟。 Unit 3: The world meets China 核心复习要点： 立足人与社会语境，聚焦跨文化沟通与文明交流；核心内容以敦煌为例展现文化交汇魅力，了解中国文学海外传播历程，学习用英语生动介绍中国文化。核心素养旨在增强民族文化自豪感，培养跨文化交际能力与传播中国文化的自信，提升在国际语境下讲好中国故事的英语语言输出能力。 1.7.2013 我们先来看三个单元的核心复习要点。Unit 1“展望未来”，核心是探讨人生选择；Unit 2“人生智慧”，重点是探索生活真谛；Unit 3“世界与中国相遇”，聚焦跨文化交流。每个单元都有其独特的主题语境和核心素养要求，这也是我们复习的重点。 ‹#› 考情透视·目标导航 考情分析 语法与词汇 高频考点聚焦核心语法，需重点掌握现在完成时、过去完成时的时态用法，理解被动语态的结构与语境表达，同时熟练运用各类状语从句的引导词与逻辑关系，构建准确的语法框架。 词汇考查覆盖核心单词与短语，包括 ambition、insight、heritage、revive 等词汇的词义及词形变化，还要灵活运用 take a leaf out of one's book、live life to the full、bring...to life 等重点短语，实现词汇在不同语境中的精准运用。 阅读理解 语篇类型呈现多样化特点，涉及议论文、书评、戏剧节选、人物访谈、导游词等不同文体形式，需要快速适应各类文本的行文风格与内容逻辑，把握不同文体的核心信息呈现方式。 考查维度围绕核心阅读能力展开，包括对文本主旨大意的归纳总结、具体细节信息的精准定位与理解、基于文本的逻辑推理判断、生词的语境词义猜测，以及对语篇整体结构的分析与梳理，全面检验文本解读与信息提取能力。 写作与表达 写作任务包含多种实用类型，既有求职信、推荐信等规范的应用文写作，也有对文本内容提炼的概要写作，还涉及人生选择、幸福定义、文化交流等主题的话题写作，需熟练掌握不同文体的格式要求与内容组织方式。 表达层面有着明确的能力要求，要能够恰当运用高级词汇和复杂句式丰富语言表达，保证文章的逻辑连贯性与语法准确性，通过清晰的观点传递与流畅的文字表述，展现出扎实的语言运用与逻辑表达综合素养。 1.7.2013 ‹#› 单词、短语、句型 第二部分 知识梳理·夯实基础 知识梳理·夯实基础 一、重点单词 阅读词汇会认 Unit 1 Looking forwards 1. fortunate (adj.)____________ 2. illustrate (v.)____________ 3. ambitious (adj.)____________ 4. energetic (adj.)____________ 5. correspondent (n.)____________ 6. extraordinary (adj.)____________ 7. epic (adj.)____________ 8. fictional (adj.)____________ 9. desperation (n.)____________ 10. immense (adj.)____________ 11. ultimately (adv.)____________ 12. twist (n.)____________ 13. renowned (adj.)____________ 14. dilemma (n.)____________ 15. alternative (n.)____________ 16. consequence (n.)____________ 17. optimism (n.)____________ 幸运的 阐明，说明 有雄心的，有抱负的 精力充沛的 通讯员，记者 非凡的，特别的 史诗般的，壮丽的 虚构的 绝望 巨大的，极大的 最终，最后 转折，转变 著名的，有名望的 困境，进退两难 可供选择的事物 结果，后果 乐观 1.7.2013 ‹#› 知识梳理·夯实基础 1. . (v./n.) 接近；方法，途径 2. . (v./n.) 保证，担保 3. , (v.) 展开，呈现 4. , (adv.) 最初，起初 5. ,(v.) 致力于，献身于 6. , (v.) 使快乐，娱乐 7. , (v.) 遇到，遭遇 8. , (v.) 推荐，建议 9. (v.) 更喜欢，偏爱 10. (v.) 拒绝 重点词汇会写 approach guarantee unfold originally devote entertain encounter recommend prefer reject 1.7.2013 这一页是要求大家会拼写和运用的重点词汇。这些词不仅在阅读中重要，在写作中也非常实用。比如 approach, devote, recommend, analyse 等，都是写作中的高频词。大家要掌握它们的词性和用法。 ‹#› 词形变化 ambition → ____________ adj. 有抱负的 → ____________ adv. 雄心勃勃地 history → ____________ adj. 历史的 → ____________ adj. 有历史意义的 detect → ____________ n. 侦探 → ____________ n. 侦查 admit → ____________ n. 承认 / 入场费 → ____________ adj. 公认的 participate → ____________ n. 参与 → ____________ adj. 参与的 complex → ____________ n. 复杂性 → ____________ adv. 复杂地 diverge → ____________ n. 分歧 → ____________ adj. 有分歧的 number → ____________ adj. 许多的 → ____________ adj. 数字的 commerce → ____________ adj. 商业的 → ____________ n. 商业广告 think → ____________ adj. 深思的 → ____________ n. 思考 → ____________ adj. 有思想的 ambitious ambitiously historica historic  detective  detection admission  admitted participation  participant complexity   complexly divergence  divergent numerous   numerical commercial  commercial thoughtful  thought thinking  知识梳理·夯实基础 symbol → ____________ v. 象征 → ____________ adj. 象征性的 → ________ adv. 象征性地 alternate → ____________ adj. 可供选择的 → ____________ n. 可供选择的事物 → ____________ adv. 二者择一地 dilemma → ____________ adj. 进退两难的 → ____________ adv. 进退两难地 arise → ____________ 过去式 → ____________ 过去分词 → ____________ n. 出现 / 兴起 fluent → ____________ n. 流利 → ____________ adv. 流利地 sincere → ____________ adv. 真诚地 → ____________ n. 真诚 qualify → ____________ adj. 合格的 → ____________ n. 资格 → _________ adj. 不合格的 affect → ____________ n. 喜爱 → ____________ adj. 深情的 → ____________ adv. 充满感情地 mix → ____________ n. 混合物 → ____________ adj. 混合的 → ____________ n. 搅拌器 symbol symbolize  symbolic alternative alternative alternatively  dilemmatic  dilemmatically arose arisen  arising fluency  fluently sincerely sincerity qualified  qualification  unqualified  affection  affectionate  affectionately mixture mixed  mixer 二、重点短语 _____________________ 推迟…；使… 延期 _____________________ 给自己设定目标 _____________________ 面对…… _____________________ 产生于；起因于 _____________________ 坚决拒绝… _____________________ 放过，放弃，错过 (机会) _____________________ 模仿；效仿 _____________________ 仔细考虑，权衡 _____________________ 被迫做某事 put off set oneself goals be faced with arise from firmly reject miss out on follow the example of think over be forced to do sth. 1.In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future? Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way? Ultimately, .面对这些问题，我们应该如何面对未来？我们能否采取行动去塑造它，还是只能顺其自然？归根结底，前方的道路是选择与机遇的交织 2.I think . Well, I wouldn't reject anything out of hand. Let's weigh up the options and try to come to a decision."“我觉得错过这个机会太可惜了。不过，我不会轻易拒绝任何事情。让我们权衡一下各种选择，再试着做出决定。 3."You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that “你不能向前看，把各个点连接起来；你只能向后看，把它们连接起来。所以你必须相信，这些点会在你的未来以某种方式连接起来。” 三、写作句式积累 the road ahead is a mixture of choice and chance it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity the dots will somehow connect in your future. 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 2 Lessons in life 1. pessimistic (adj.)__________ 2. inspirational (adj.)__________ 3. anticipate (v.)__________ 4. distract (v.)__________ 5. abnormal (adj.)__________ 6. overemotional (adj.)__________ 7. perish (v.)__________ 8. cram (v.)__________ 9. transparent (adj.)__________ 10. vexed (adj.)__________ 11. absurd (adj.)__________ 12. miracle (n.)__________ 悲观的 鼓舞人心的 预料，预期 使分心 反常的 过于情绪化的 死亡，毁灭 塞满 透明的 烦恼的 荒谬的 奇迹 一、重点单词 阅读词汇会认 1.7.2013 ‹#› 重点词汇会写 _________ v.(使)虚弱 _________  v. 预期，预料 _________ n.承认，认可 _________   v.合作，协作 _________  v.挤满   _________   adj.纯净的，洁净的  _________ v.轻抚，抚摸   _________  n.绝望   weaken anticipate  recognition    cooperate  cram   pure   stroke     despair   词性拓展  weak adj.虚弱的；无力的；不牢固的→_________ v．(使)虚弱→_________ n．弱点；软弱 2．anticipate v．预期，预料→_________  n．预期，预料，期望 3．possess vt.拥有，具有；支配→_________  n．财产，财物 4．normal adj.正常的→_________ adj.不正常的，反常的 5．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)认可，承认→_________  n．承认，认可 6．cooperate v．合作，协作→_________ n．合作，协作→_________  adj.合作的；协作的 weaken  weakness anticipation possession abnormal  recognition cooperation  cooperative  二、重点短语 1．________________使)重聚 2．________________观点 3．________________被……分散/转移注意力 4．________________与……保持/失去联系 5．________________过得很充实 6．________________冲进，冲入 7．________________前往，走上去 8．________________突然发生；突然……起来 9．________________塞满；充满 10．________________在……前面 11．________________充分利用 12．________ ________建立自己的价值观 be reunited with point of view get distracted by…… keep inlose touch with…… live life to the full rush into go up to burst out…… be crammed with ahead of…… make the most of establish one's own values 13．________________使某人认清事实/长见识 14．________________给某人一个教训 15．________________对……的反思 16．________________使某人意识到 17．________________穿着 18．________________依靠 19．________________一直，始终 20．________________立即，马上 21．________________对……很满意 open one's eyes to sth. teach sb. a lesson reflection on…… make sb. aware that... be dressed in lean on all the time straight away be pleased with…… 三、写作句式积累 find out what is important in our lives and establish our own values.我们要弄清楚在我们的生活中什么是重要的，并树立我们自己的价值观。 Indeed, this book is filled with joy and hope.实际上，你会惊喜地发现书里充满了欢乐和希望。 He is the majority of men...他和大多数人一样都不可笑…… If any of you should find him, would you be ?你们若是有谁找到了它，能请你们把它归还给我们吗？ It's up to us to it was a pleasant surprise to find that no more absurd than so very kind as to give him back to us 知识梳理·夯实基础 一、重点单词 阅读词汇会认 Unit 3 The world meets China 1.gateway (n.) ____________ 2.oasis (n.) ____________ 3.glorious (adj.) ____________ 4.testimony (n.) ____________ 5.astonishing (adj.) ____________ 6.mural (n.) ____________ 7.heavenly (adj.) ____________ 8.manuscript (n.) ____________ 9.scroll (n.) ____________ 10.embroidery (n.) ____________ 11.ceramic (n.) ____________ 12.perfume (n.) ____________ 13.prosperous (adj.) ____________ 14.revive (v.) ____________ 15.initiative (n.) ____________ 16.Sinologist (n.) ____________ 门户，通道 绿洲 光荣的，辉煌的 证据，证明 令人惊讶的 壁画 天堂的 手稿 卷轴 刺绣 陶瓷制品 香水 繁荣的 复兴，复活 倡议 汉学家 1.7.2013 现在我们来到Unit 3“世界与中国相遇”。这一单元的词汇与文化、历史紧密相关。gateway, oasis, mural, manuscript, prosperous, revive 等词，都描绘了丝绸之路和敦煌的盛景。 ‹#› 知识梳理·夯实基础 1. v. 代表，象征 ____________ 2. v. 吸引 ____________ 3. v. 保护 ____________ 4. v. 雕刻 ____________ 5. v. 装饰 ____________ 6. v. 反映 ____________ 7. v./n. 出口 ____________ 8. v./n. 进口 ____________ represent attract protect carve decorate reflect export import 9. v./n. 主办；主人__________ 10. v. 促进，推广__________ 11. v. 加强__________ 12. n. 合作__________ 13. adj. 可靠的__________ 14. v. 承担，从事__________ 15. v. 推荐__________ host promote strengthen cooperation reliable undertake recommend 重点词汇会写 1.7.2013 ‹#› 词性拓展 1．strong adj.强壮的，强大的→_________n．力量，力气；优点，长处→_________vt.加强；使坚强vi.变强 2．cover v．覆盖；代替n．封面，封皮；盖子→_________ n.覆盖范围→_________ v．发现；揭开；揭露 3．scholar n．学者→_________ n．奖学金 4．history n．历史→_________ n．历史学家→_________adj.历史的；史学的→_________ adj.有历史意义的 5．prior adj.先前的；较早的→_________ n．优先；优先权；首要事情 strength strengthen coverage uncover scholarship historian historical historic priority historic 二、重点短语 1．________________ 是……的证据/证明 2．________________ 追溯到 3．________________ 封闭；密封 4．________________ .从……中消失 5．________________ 使复苏；(使)变得生动 6________________ 在……之前；先于…… 7．________________ 暴露于 8．________________ 照看，留神，留意 be testimony to date from seal up fade from... bring...to life prior to be exposed to keep an eye on   9．_____ ___________ 总之 10．________________ 引起共鸣 11．________________ 旅游胜地 12．________________ 看得更清楚 13．________________ 为……所独有 14．________________ 达到顶峰 15.________________ 仅举几例 16．________________ .某人对……的热爱 on the wholeto sum upin short strike a chord tourist destination get a better view be unique to... reach a peak .to name just a few one's passion for... 三、写作句式积累 was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，所以敦煌是一个理想的会址。 by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands, and they are well-received.每年都有更多的中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们都很受欢迎。 I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber ，and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它翻译成保加利亚语 Given that the theme of the Expo Each year sees more works the first time I read it 第三部分 语法串讲·融会贯通 动词时态 掌握不同时间下的谓语动词变化形式，精准定位动作发生的时间、状态与先后逻辑，是英语句子表意的核心基础。 被动语态 将动作的承受者作为句子主语，强调客观事实与受事方。熟练运用可让表达更具客观性，也是书面语考试的高频考点。 状语从句 通过连接词引导从句修饰动词、形容词或整个主句，清晰展现时间、条件、原因、让步等逻辑关系，提升句式复杂度。 语法串讲 即时检测 1.7.2013 ‹#› 高考常考动词时态的构成 时态名称 构 成 一般现在时 do/does,（is/am/are） 一般过去时 did,（was/were） 一般将来时 will/shall do is/am/are going to do is/am/are (about) to do 现在进行时 is/am/are doing 过去进行时 was/were doing 将来进行时 will be doing 现在完成时 has/have done 过去完成时 had done 将来完成时 will/shall have done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 过去将来时 would/should do was/were going to do was/were (about) to do 动词时态 重点时态，重点突破------ 一般现在时 一般现在时 表示经常或习惯性的动作，常与表频率的时间状语连用 表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) 按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作 We always care for the old and help each other. The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. The train leaves at 10:00 a.m. 一般现在时 在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时 以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作 I’ll go there if I finish my work. Here comes the truck. 重点时态，重点突破------ 一般现在时 重点时态，重点突破------ 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态 表达过去发生的动作 有些动词如：think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为。 He lived in Nanjing when he was young. We visited the museum last Friday. I thought the book would be interesting. 重点时态，重点突破------ 一般将来时 一般将来时 表示将来的动作和存在的状态 表示一种倾向或习惯性动作 be to：可用来表示按计划安排； 必定会发生或已发生了某事 We’ll send you a book. Oil will float on water. Their daughter is to get married soon. 重点时态，重点突破------现在进行时 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作 现在进行时与always, often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩 It is raining heavily now. My son is coming to see me . Why are always forgetting his name? 重点时态，重点突破------ 过去进行时 过去进行时 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示） My father was coming to see me this Saturday. He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday. 重点时态，重点突破------ 过去进行时 过去进行时 两个过去进行时动作同时发生 表示过去将来动作 I was writing while he was watching TV. He said she was arriving the next.day. 重点时态，重点突破------ 过去进行时 两个过去进行时动作同时发生 表示过去将来动作 重点时态，重点突破------ 将来进行时 将来进行时 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语 表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测 表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来 When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be eating my breakfast. Stop the child or he will be falling over. I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning. 1.一般将来时不仅表示“将来”，还含有“意志、意愿”等的意思 I’ll be studying English next term.下学期我将学习英语。（表示单纯的将来） 2.跟一般将来时连用的时间状语比较模糊，而跟进来进行时连用的时间状语非常具体 I’ll write a letter to my father tomorrow.我明天要给父亲写信。 一般将来时 将来进行时 ... 重点时态，重点突破------ 现在完成时 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。 往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时间状语连用。 表“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to” 表“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to” I have finished the work. He has learned English for six years. He has learned English since 6. 重点时态，重点突破------ 过去完成时 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。 常用hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。 He had shut the door before the dog came up. He had been ill for a week when we learned about it. 重点时态，重点突破------ 将来完成时 将来完成时 用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。 在时间、条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时来表示将来某一时刻以前已完成的动作 We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term. Tell me what you think about the film when you have seen it. 与by the end of引导的时间状语从句连用时要看“of”后面的名词所表示的时间概念来决定。 We will have learned 2000 English words by the end of this term. We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term. 过去完成时 将来完成时 ... 重点时态，重点突破------ 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（还要继续下去）的动作。 He has been solving the problems since 8:00. 1.现在完成时着重表示动作的结果 I have read that book.（知道那本书的内容） 2.现在完成进行时着重表示过去发生的动作持续到现在还将继续下去 Hi, Tracy, you look tired. I am tired. I_______ ( paint ) the living room all day. 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 重点时态，重点突破------ 过去将来时 过去将来时 相对于过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 would do(表示过去的习惯)总是，总会，常常。 He told me he would go to Beijing. He would sit silent for hours. 被动语态的构成形式 被动语态 构 成 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will be done 过去将来时 should/would be done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 将来完成时 will/would have been done 含有情态动词的 can/must/may be done 被动语态动词时态 主动表达被动 特殊动词 固定搭配 连系动词 cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash 常见动词 look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out 主语+need 主语+want 主语+require be worth doing 表示某事值得去做 常见没有被动语态的动词（短语） leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last, lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, lose heart 常用被动语态的固定句型 It is believed/said /reported/hoped/supposed that… 据信/据说/据报道/人们希望/人们认为…… It must be pointed out that…必须指出…… It is generally considered that…一般认为…… It is well known that…大家都知道…… It must be admitted that…必须承认……. 即学即练 1．It               (intend) that production will start at the end of the month. (适当形式填空) 2．China’s manufacturing industries          (grow) stronger in recent decades. （所给词的适当形式填空） 3．The house           (paint) white when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Every year in September or October, the Mid­Autumn Festival           (celebrate) by the Chinese people all over the world.(所给词的适当形式填空) 5．He              (appoint) as headmaster and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news.（所给词的适当形式填空） 6．Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully           (develop). (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．I have heard many men                  (complaint) that they had more pressure on their shoulder. （所给词的适当形式填空） is intended have grown was being painted is celebrated was appointed developed complained/complain 状语从句 一、状语从句的类型及关联词 状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。 时间状语从句：由 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, until / till, as soon as, since, once, directly, immediately, by the time, every time, the moment, the minute, no sooner ... than, hardly ... when等引导。 地点状语从句：由 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。 原因状语从句：由 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that等引导。 目的状语从句：由 so, so that, in case, in order that, for fear (that)等引导。 结果状语从句：由 so (that), so ... that, such ... that, with the result that等引导。 条件状语从句：由 if, unless, so / as long as, only if, provided, on condition that, in case, suppose / supposing (that)等引导。 让步状语从句：由 although, though, even if / though, as, whether ... or，“疑问词+ ever”构成的复合词，“no matter +疑问词”等引导。 方式状语从句：由 as, like, as if / though, the way等引导。 比较状语从句：由than或as引导。 二、常用关联词注意事项 1. when (1) when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如： When he looked back, the woman had disappeared. Don't get excited when you talk. (2) when还可引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。如： No one can make a dress when they haven't learned how. 2. while (1) while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语一般是延续性动词（如work, stay, wait, live等）。如： While you are sorting your things upstairs, I'll pack my books. (2) while 引导让步状语从句时，相当于 although / though。while和although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如： While / Although / Though I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. Happy though the little girl is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 3. until和till (1) until和till都表示“直到”，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首。如： He determined to stay at the office till / until his year was up. Until I was 21, I never missed attending night school four nights a week. (2) until / till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until / till所表示的时间为止。如： Julie stayed up till / until eleven o'clock last night. (3) until / till从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示“直到……才”，即主句的动作到 until / till 所表示的时间才开始。如： I cannot comment further until / till I have all the information. (4) not until后跟从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。如： Not until the war was over was Einstein able to return to his homeland. 4. as (1) as引导时间状语从句时，表示“当……时；随着”。如： A look of surprise came into Allison's eyes as she read the message. As I knew him better, I discovered that my impressions had been right. (2) as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因或是已知的事实。如： As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel. (3) as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。详情如下： a. “形容词+ as +主语+系动词”或“副词+ as +主语+实义动词”。如： Tired as they were, they sat up late. Fast as you read, you can't finish the book in two days. b. 名词+ as +主语+系动词(句首的名词前多不带冠词)。如: Teenager as he is, he has established his own company. (4) as引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，按照”。如： I want you to tell my friend your interesting experience exactly as you have told it to me. (5) as引导比较状语从句时，常用于as ... as ... 和not so / as ... as ... 结构中。如： I never went through a final exam that was as difficult as that one. There was no obvious reason why this could not be as good a film as the original. 5. no sooner ... than和hardly ... when意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语时，主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。注意：no sooner, hardly 位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如： Mrs Smith had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about her. No sooner had Mrs Smith left the room than they began to talk about her. The star had hardly arrived in Rome when he was surrounded by reporters. Hardly had the star arrived in Rome when he was surrounded by reporters. 6. so ... that和such ... that (1) so ... that 常用于以下结构：①so + adj. / adv. + that 从句；②so + adj. + a(n) +可数名词单数形式+ that从句；③so + many / much / few / little + n. + that从句。如： He was so weak that he could hardly stand up. There was so much smoke that they couldn't see across the hallway. Everything happened so quickly that I hadn't time to think. (2) such ... that 常用于以下结构：①such + a(n) + adj. +可数名词单数形式+ that 从句；②such + adj.+可数名词复数形式+ that 从句；③such + adj. +不可数名词+ that从句。如： He was in such a hurry that he almost pushed me over on the stairs. They are such lovely twins that everybody likes them very much. It is such cold weather that I can see no one outside through the window. 注意：so ... that引导结果状语从句时，如果“so +形容词/副词”位于句首，则主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. So quietly did she speak that I could hardly hear her. 7. “疑问词+ ever”构成的复合词既可引导状语从句，又可引导名词性从句，但“no matter +疑问词”只可引导让步状语从句。如： Whichever (= No matter which) book you borrow, you must return it in a week. Whatever (= No matter what) happens, you know that I'll stand by you. Whoever uprooted that tree ought to be ashamed of themselves.(此句中的Whoever不可用No matter who替换) 用适当的连词填空。 1. This hit home for me_____________ I was sitting with my 2- year- old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. 2. David had not missed a single practice, and ___________ ______________ he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. as/ when/ while although/ though/ while 既学既练： 3. My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand _____________ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough money for all of their groceries. （2021年6月浙江卷） in case 语法串讲 即时检测 第四部分 考场练兵·实战训练 考场练兵·实战训练 一、单句语法填空 1．So far, large quantities of information         (send) to the company by email. 2．There is no doubt that smoking           (threat) our health. 3．The majority of the work in creating a project           (be) now completed. 4．The Great Wall, with a history of more than 2000 years,           (locate) in northern China. 5．This is the second time that our products          (show) in the exhibition. 6．It is difficult to estimate the total value of what       (steal). 7．Emmy               (concern) about her son’s safety, so she kept walking round in the room. 8．So far, large amounts of money         (donate) to charity for the rescue work in Turkey. 9．We were           (leave) very early so we packed the night before. 10．Every year, the moment I get on the train, I          (surround) by Shanxi accents. am surrounded leaving have been donated was concerned was stolen have been shown is located is threatens have been sent 考场练兵·实战训练 二、改写句子 He finished his work. He went home. (as soon as) → He went home as soon as he finished his work. 1.She studied hard. She wanted to pass the exam. (so that) →_______________________________________________________ 2.It was raining. They went out for a walk. (although) →_______________________________________________________ 3. You may fail. You don’t study. (if) →_______________________________________________________ 4. He waited. His friend arrived. (until) →_______________________________________________________ 5. I will call you. I arrive in Beijing. (as soon as) →_______________________________________________________ She studied hard so that she could pass the exam. Although it was raining, they went out for a walk. You may fail if you don't study. He waited until his friend arrived. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 三、语法填空 While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out her hand.    1    was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so she stopped the car. “ Shall I offer you    2    lift?” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long?” The old woman shook her head.    3    (strange)enough, the old woman didn’t say a single word all the way. Her only    4    (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that. Then Linda saw the lady’s hands,    5    were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized    6    the lady was a man! After    7    (stop) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it     8    me?” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of the car, Linda drove off quickly. When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady    9    (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it     10    two sharp knives. 1．It    2．a    3．Strangely    4．response    5．which    6．that    7．stopping    8．for     9．had left    10．were 感谢聆听 每天解决一个小问题，每周攻克 一个薄弱点，量变终会引发质变。 教师寄语 $