Unit 4 Changing and Growing核心知识点（背诵版+默写版）2025-2026学年英语仁爱科普版八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 4 Changing and Growing的核心内容。从成长主题相关的核心词汇入手，涵盖名词、动词、形容词，进而掌握常用核心短语，再通过重点句型巩固应用，最终聚焦过去进行时语法及后缀-ful/-less构词法，形成从基础到综合的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-短语-句型-语法”逻辑递进，核心语法部分通过表格对比过去进行时的句式结构及使用场景，后缀构词法清晰呈现正反义转换。默写形式强化学习能力，情境化句型提升语言运用能力，帮助学生构建完整的单元知识框架，便于理解记忆与实际表达。

Unit 4 Changing and Growing 单元核心知识（背诵版） 一、核心词汇 1. vision n. 视力；视野 2. touch n./v. 触觉；触摸 3. calm adj. 镇静的 4. regret v. 后悔；遗憾 5. breath n. 呼吸 6. upset adj. 难过的；沮丧的 7. nervous adj. 焦虑的；紧张的 8. lonely adj. 孤独的 9. sense n./v. 感觉；意识到 10. push v. 推动；推进 11. period n. 时期；一段时间 12. stage n. 阶段；舞台 13. teenager n. 青少年 14. height n. 身高；高度 15. stress n. 精神压力 16. pressure n. 心理压力 17. compare v. 比较；对比 18. discover v. 发现；认识到 19. memory n. 回忆；记忆 20. trouble n. 困难；麻烦 21. advise v. 建议；劝告 22. courage n. 勇气 23. comfortable adj. 舒服的 24. succeed v. 成功 二、核心短语 1. take a deep breath 深吸一口气 2. keep in touch with 与……保持联系 3. fail the exam 考试不及格 4. deal with 处理；应对 5. compare...with... 把……与……相比 6. argue with 与……争论 7. be worried about 担心 8. not...anymore 不再 9. accept yourself 接受自己 10. ask for help 寻求帮助 11. in a word 总之 12. make the most of 充分利用 13. be yourself 做自己 14. little by little 渐渐地 15. go through 经历 16. gain weight 体重增加 17. have a try 尝试一下 18. give a speech 发表演讲 19. congratulate on 对……表示祝贺 20. stress out 压力大；焦虑 三、重点句型 1. I was doing my homework when he called. 他打电话时我正在做作业。 2. At that time, I was waiting for the bus. 那时我正在等公交车。 3. She was studying in the library at 4 o'clock yesterday. 昨天4点她正在图书馆学习。 4. They were playing basketball when it started to rain. 他们正在打篮球时开始下雨了。 5. I was not sleeping when you called; I was reading. 你打电话时我没在睡觉，我在看书。 6. Were you watching TV at 8 o'clock last night? 昨晚8点你在看电视吗？ 7. When I was young, I used to be short and shy. 我小时候又矮又害羞。 8. Don't compare yourself with others all the time. 不要总是拿自己和别人比较。 9. It's normal to feel nervous before a speech. 演讲前感到紧张是正常的。 10. You should learn to deal with stress in a positive way. 你应该学会以积极的方式应对压力。 11. Take a deep breath and stay calm. 深呼吸，保持冷静。 12. I regret having argued with my mother. 我后悔和我妈妈争吵了。 13. She advised me to ask for help when in trouble. 她建议我有困难时寻求帮助。 14. Growing up means learning to accept yourself. 成长意味着学会接受自己。 15. Little by little, I became more confident and outgoing. 渐渐地，我变得更加自信和外向。 16. Although we face many changes, we should always be ourselves. 虽然我们面临很多变化，但我们应该始终做自己。 四、核心语法 过去进行时与后缀 -ful / -less 一、过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense） 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。 结构：was/were + 动词的现在分词（v-ing） 肯定句： I was reading at 8 o'clock last night. They were playing basketball when it started to rain. 否定句：was/were + not + v-ing I was not sleeping when you called. We weren't watching TV at that time. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + v-ing？ Were you doing your homework at 8 o'clock? — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. 二、过去进行时的常见使用场景 1. 表示过去某一具体时间正在进行的动作： At 4 o'clock yesterday, I was studying in the library. 2. 表示过去两个动作同时进行（when/while）： I was doing my homework when he called.（一个动作进行时另一动作发生） While I was reading, she was writing.（两个动作同时进行） 3. when 后接短暂动作（一般过去时），while 后接持续动作（过去进行时）： When I came in, he was sleeping. While I was walking home, it started to rain. 三、后缀 -ful 和 -less -ful 加在名词后构成形容词，表示"充满……的"： care + ful = careful（小心的） help + ful = helpful（有帮助的） hope + ful = hopeful（有希望的） use + ful = useful（有用的） colour + ful = colourful（色彩丰富的） peace + ful = peaceful（平静的） -less 加在名词后构成形容词，表示"没有……的"： care + less = careless（粗心的） home + less = homeless（无家可归的） hope + less = hopeless（无望的） use + less = useless（无用的） help + less = helpless（无助的） 过去进行时 结构 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 单数主语 was + v-ing I was reading. I wasn't reading. Was I reading? He/She/It was + v-ing He was sleeping. He wasn't sleeping. Was he sleeping? 复数主语 were + v-ing They were playing. They weren't playing. Were they playing? You were + v-ing You were studying. You weren't studying. Were you studying? 时间点 at + 过去钟点 At 8 yesterday, I was watching TV. 过去某一时刻正在做 when从句 短暂动作 I was reading when he came. when+一般过去时 while从句 持续动作 While I was reading, she was writing. while+过去进行时 后缀-ful 名词→形容词 care→careful help→helpful use→useful 后缀-less 名词→反义形容词 care→careless home→homeless hope→hopeless 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Changing and Growing 单元核心知识（默写版） 一、核心词汇 1. __________ n. 视力；视野 2. __________ n./v. 触觉；触摸 3. __________ adj. 镇静的 4. __________ v. 后悔；遗憾 5. __________ n. 呼吸 6. __________ adj. 难过的；沮丧的 7. __________ adj. 焦虑的；紧张的 8. __________ adj. 孤独的 9. __________ n./v. 感觉；意识到 10. __________ v. 推动；推进 11. __________ n. 时期；一段时间 12. __________ n. 阶段；舞台 13. __________ n. 青少年 14. __________ n. 身高；高度 15. __________ n. 精神压力 16. __________ n. 心理压力 17. __________ v. 比较；对比 18. __________ v. 发现；认识到 19. __________ n. 回忆；记忆 20. __________ n. 困难；麻烦 21. __________ v. 建议；劝告 22. __________ n. 勇气 23. __________ adj. 舒服的 24. __________ v. 成功 二、核心短语 1. __________ 深吸一口气 2. __________ 与……保持联系 3. __________ 考试不及格 4. __________ 处理；应对 5. __________ 把……与……相比 6. __________ 与……争论 7. __________ 担心 8. __________ 不再 9. __________ 接受自己 10. __________ 寻求帮助 11. __________ 总之 12. __________ 充分利用 13. __________ 做自己 14. __________ 渐渐地 15. __________ 经历 16. __________ 体重增加 17. __________ 尝试一下 18. __________ 发表演讲 19. __________ 对……表示祝贺 20. __________ 压力大；焦虑 三、重点句型 1. _____________________________________________________ 他打电话时我正在做作业。 2. _____________________________________________________ 那时我正在等公交车。 3. _____________________________________________________ 昨天4点她正在图书馆学习。 4. _____________________________________________________ 他们正在打篮球时开始下雨了。 5. _____________________________________________________ 你打电话时我没在睡觉，我在看书。 6. _____________________________________________________ 昨晚8点你在看电视吗？ 7. _____________________________________________________ 我小时候又矮又害羞。 8. _____________________________________________________ 不要总是拿自己和别人比较。 9. _____________________________________________________ 演讲前感到紧张是正常的。 10. _____________________________________________________ 你应该学会以积极的方式应对压力。 11. _____________________________________________________ 深呼吸，保持冷静。 12. _____________________________________________________ 我后悔和我妈妈争吵了。 13. _____________________________________________________ 她建议我有困难时寻求帮助。 14. _____________________________________________________ 成长意味着学会接受自己。 15. _____________________________________________________ 渐渐地，我变得更加自信和外向。 16. _____________________________________________________ 虽然我们面临很多变化，但我们应该始终做自己。 四、核心语法 过去进行时与后缀 -ful / -less 一、过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense） 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。 结构：was/were + 动词的现在分词（v-ing） 肯定句： I was reading at 8 o'clock last night. They were playing basketball when it started to rain. 否定句：was/were + not + v-ing I was not sleeping when you called. We weren't watching TV at that time. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + v-ing？ Were you doing your homework at 8 o'clock? — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. 二、过去进行时的常见使用场景 1. 表示过去某一具体时间正在进行的动作： At 4 o'clock yesterday, I was studying in the library. 2. 表示过去两个动作同时进行（when/while）： I was doing my homework when he called.（一个动作进行时另一动作发生） While I was reading, she was writing.（两个动作同时进行） 3. when 后接短暂动作（一般过去时），while 后接持续动作（过去进行时）： When I came in, he was sleeping. While I was walking home, it started to rain. 三、后缀 -ful 和 -less -ful 加在名词后构成形容词，表示"充满……的"： care + ful = careful（小心的） help + ful = helpful（有帮助的） hope + ful = hopeful（有希望的） use + ful = useful（有用的） colour + ful = colourful（色彩丰富的） peace + ful = peaceful（平静的） -less 加在名词后构成形容词，表示"没有……的"： care + less = careless（粗心的） home + less = homeless（无家可归的） hope + less = hopeless（无望的） use + less = useless（无用的） help + less = helpless（无助的） 过去进行时 结构 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 单数主语 was + v-ing I was reading. I wasn't reading. Was I reading? He/She/It was + v-ing He was sleeping. He wasn't sleeping. Was he sleeping? 复数主语 were + v-ing They were playing. They weren't playing. Were they playing? You were + v-ing You were studying. You weren't studying. Were you studying? 时间点 at + 过去钟点 At 8 yesterday, I was watching TV. 过去某一时刻正在做 when从句 短暂动作 I was reading when he came. when+一般过去时 while从句 持续动作 While I was reading, she was writing. while+过去进行时 后缀-ful 名词→形容词 care→careful help→helpful use→useful 后缀-less 名词→反义形容词 care→careless home→homeless hope→hopeless 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $