精品解析：北京通州区2025-2026学年高三年级查漏补缺英语学科试题

通州区2025 — 2026学年高三年级查漏补缺试题 英语学科 2026年5月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of ___1___ this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not ___2___, often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to ___3___ the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only ___4___ practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was ___5___. On the first three days alone, I made $406. That initial success was more than just encouraging — it was ___6___ that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the center, grateful for the charging service, ___7___ my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed ___8___ to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also ___9___ technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which reduced my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as I begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these ____10____ lessons have set a stage for the future. 1. A. medicine B. literature C. business D. science 2. A. reliable B. private C. affordable D. renewable 3. A. discuss B. raise C. report D. address 4. A. promote B. replace C. meet D. guide 5. A. disappointing B. incredible C. strange D. embarrassing 6. A. proof B. doubt C. hope D. fear 7. A. confused B. challenged C. confirmed D. changed 8. A. income B. capital C. price D. profit 9. A. run out of B. got rid of C. reflected on D. drew on 10. A. practical B. classic C. familiar D. cultural 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays China’s food market ____11____ (reshape) by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ____12____ (dismiss) as a niche (小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. In the past few years, the category has ballooned into a multibillion-yuan industry, fueled by busier lifestyles, advances in processing and official support that has turned ____13____ began as a consumer trend into a strategic priority. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What does it take to become the best at something? The answer may not lie in early childhood ____14____ (excellent) or in lifelong, laser-focused dedication. A recent research published in Science says that compared with their national-class counterparts, those who are very good but not the best, world-class performers often ____15____ (start) their discipline later. These people tend ____16____ (engage) in multiple activities early on and don’t shine in one thing at a particularly young age. They accumulate less practice in their discipline and more practice in other disciplines and then rise to the top relatively late. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I came to China to tell stories through videos but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I ____17____ (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback. These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. ____18____ (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the ____19____ (high) literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor, ____20____ has opened new access to my cultural exchange. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We believe that the best way for students to learn science is through hands-on experiences outside the classroom. Voyager School Travel offers science school trips to a number of destinations worldwide. ● Euro Space Center, Belgium At the Euro Space Center, you can see if you’ve got what it takes to become an astronaut! Through a range of hands-on experiences and interactive exhibits, you will live like an astronaut, experiencing zero gravity and flight simulators (模拟装置). Optional evening activities are also available to keep you engaged. ● London Science Museum The Science Museum in London provides an immersive science school trip, cover-ing a wide range of topics from space technology to ordinary household appliances. There are plenty of interactive exhibits for you to try out from simulated earthquakes to 3D cinemas. ● NEMO Science Museum, Amsterdam Our Amsterdam trip focuses on engaging students interested in science. The NEMO Science Museum is a fantastic educational center for science students. Your group will learn how energy and technology have shaped our world through five floors of interactive exhibits with a collection of nearly 20,000 artifacts! ● CERN, Switzerland A visit to Geneva, Switzerland, home to CERN, is sure to inspire you. At CERN, students can take guided tours with safety helmets on, getting close to the Large Hadron Collider. Permanent exhibitions provide insights into particles and experiments conducted by the Collider. 21. What do Euro Space Center and London Science Museum have in common? A. They both focus on space technology only. B. They both provide zero-gravity experiences. C. They both have interactive exhibits for visitors. D. They both offer evening activities for most students. 22. What can we learn about NEMO Science Museum in Amsterdam? A. It provides guided tours with strict safety requirements. B. It has five floors of displays about energy and technology. C. It has the largest collection of artifacts among the four places. D. It is mainly designed for physics teachers rather than students. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A. To compare four world-famous museums in Europe. B. To encourage students to visit science museums alone. C. To introduce science trip destinations provided by a travel agency. D. To explain why science should be learned through hands-on activities. B On the Washington coast, 85-year-old Jan Worrell lived alone in a house facing the ocean. Since her husband’s death, days often passed without her seeing another person. She insisted she was doing fine, but the silence in the house grew heavier each year. One spring morning in 2023, firefighters carried in a small device and placed it on a table near her recliner. “This is ElliQ,” one of them said. “We think you’ll like her.” Jan frowned. “Not her,” she replied. “This thing is a robot.” At first, ElliQ felt like an intruder. It greeted her cheerfully, suggested breathing exercises, and offered to play music. Jan often answered briefly or ignored it altogether. She didn’t need a machine telling her how to live. But the days were long. ElliQ began reading headlines aloud while she drank coffee. It played old songs she loved. When she forgot to call a friend, it gently reminded her. Slowly, Jan found herself responding. She laughed at its jokes. She argued with it about the news. Without noticing, she had started talking more — even if it was to a robot. The real turning point came a year later at a doctor’s appointment. Jan’s resting heart rate had dropped, and her memory scores were slightly better. The doctor asked what had changed. Jan hesitated. “I suppose,” she admitted, “I talk more now.” That afternoon at yoga class, a friend asked what kept her going. Jan surprised herself with the answer: “It’s me and my robot.” When she returned home, ElliQ turned toward her. “How was your day?” it asked. Jan eased into her chair and smiled. “Wonderful,” she said. “Let me tell you.” ElliQ did not replace human relationships. But in the quiet space of Jan’s home, it offered conversation, routine and encouragement. For someone determined to live independently, that small presence made a meaningful difference. 24. What was Jan’s initial reaction to ElliQ? A. She treated it as a welcome guest. B. She was curious about its functions. C. She expected it to replace her friends. D. She considered it an unwanted presence. 25. How did ElliQ influence Jan’s life gradually? A. By engaging her in interactions and routines. B. By forcing her to do strict physical exercises. C. By reconnecting her with her old friends daily. D. By managing all her household chores perfectly. 26. What does the doctor’s appointment indicate? A. Jan had recovered from a serious heart disease. B. The robot had better medical skills than doctors. C. Jan’s memory loss was cured by listening to news. D. Social engagement had improved Jan’s well-being. 27. What is the author’s attitude towards AI companions like ElliQ? A. Critical but hopeful. B. Doubtful and worried. C. Objective and supportive. D. Indifferent and neutral. C The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth. A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer. Humans aren’t the only potentially affected. “For a lot of things in the subsurface, it’s kind of ‘out of sight, out of mind’,” says Grant Ferguson, a geologist. But the underground world is full of creatures that have adapted to subsurface existence such as insects and snails. As the temperature rises because of climate change and underground urban development, scientists are keeping eyes on the potential implications for underground ecosystems. But the question of how underground hotspots could affect infrastructure has gone largely unstudied. Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures. To understand how underground temperature difference has affected the ground’s physical properties, he used a computer model to simulate(模拟) the underground environment from the 1950s to now—and then to 2050. He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall. Kathrin Menberg, a geoscientist in Germany, says these displacement predictions are far beyond her guesses and could be linked to the soft, clay-heavy soils. “Clay material is particularly sensitive,” she says, “It would be a big issue in all cities worldwide that are built on such material.” Like climate change above the surface, underground changes occur gradually. “These effects took decades to develop,” Ferguson says, adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate on their own. “We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.” But Ferguson says this wasted heat energy could also be reused, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Still, this assumption could fail as aboveground climate change continues to boost underground warming. However slowly, this heat will gather beneath our feet. “It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.” 28. The author quotes Rotta Loria in Paragraph 2 mainly to _______. A. make a prediction B. highlight a finding C. draw a conclusion D. raise an assumption 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. “Urban heat islands” extend underground to spare ecosystems. B. Surface climate change contributes to the reuse of underground heat. C. Underground temperatures mirror the ground’s physical characteristics. D. Buildings may collapse as a potential consequence of underground heat. 30. What does the underlined word “dissipate” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Show. B. Stay. C. Develop. D. Disappear. 31. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Underground climate change is a silent danger. B. Humans fail to notice the dramatic climate change. C. Cooling the subsurface helps control urban heat rises. D. Researching underground heat helps save on energy costs. D We are a social animal. Indeed, it is our sociality — such as the ability to make sense of each other, to communicate, to work cooperatively and, finally, to create culture — that marks us off from other animal species. But then why are we everywhere striving to increase our isolation and limit our contact with others? As musician David Byrn e argues in an essay published last month, it is a striking fact about the new technologies that have so come to shape our lives, that they have precisely this effect: they limit our need for human contact. Online shopping? Check. Automated checkout? Check. Ride hail apps? Check. Efficiency is the key. We purchase efficiency by limiting the human aspect, known as “autonomous operation”. This is perhaps even more pronounced with new technologies on the horizon. Take the MOOC, the teacher-less virtual classroom. As Byrn e notes, this is meant to deliver the values of a learning environment without, well, without the environment — you get to stay at home — no teacher, but also, no fellow students. Byrne isn’t claiming we are consciously choosing to isolate ourselves. We shop online because it is convenient. The absence of contact with others is a side-effect. Maybe even an unavoidable one, as one of the things that makes online shopping so easy is precisely the absence of contact with other people. But Bryne’s thought is that whatever our intention, the tendency of our tech to isolate us may be a feature, not a bug. His hypothesis is that we actually, at some level, crave (渴望) the increased isolation and we are actually making technologies to satisfy impulses that, in some way, go beyond or against our social nature. But I wonder, is this really new? Even if we are social by nature, and do everything we can to embed ourselves socially, the need to find ways to be alone is, well, nothing new. It’s also striking that the very activities that risk separating us — in the old days, books, newspapers, TV; nowadays, the latest apps also connect us. We read about each other. What we read gives us information to share with each other. I am well aware of the data that shows the more time you spend on social media, the sadder and more isolated and envious you feel of others. But how novel is the isolating effect of social media? Being there reminds me a lot of what it was like to be social in high school — you have a vivid sense of your status and your standing in relation to others, and you have to deal with that. This may be isolating, sure. But it’s the isolating face of the social lives we’ve always had. It is isolating because of the ways technology brings us into real contact with others, not because it removes that contact. I wonder whether more isolation is a real option, after all. 32. Which of the following best reflects “autonomous operation”? A. Getting a toothbrush via a hotel delivery robot. B. Teaching mom how to establish a smart home. C. Seeking help by calling human customer services. D. Having an online meeting at home with colleagues. 33. Which of the following might the author agree? A. Technology offers fresh insights into our social status. B. Actions seemingly isolating can bond people. C. Social platforms help bring people closer. D. Social media has come to define our life. 34. What would be the best title for the passage? A. What Technologies Do to Human Nature B. Do Technologies Shape Our Lives? C. How Isolation Changes with Connection D. Can We Erase Human Element? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Experts have warned that an obsession (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health problems. A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). ____35____ The survey found some patients cut out foods like fish, meat or dairy, considering them “unclean”. Their fixation on “pure” foods leads to deficiencies (缺陷) like iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency. For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. ____36____ The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. ____37____ It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnosis and treatment are delayed. ____38____ Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. ____39____ True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating on healthy eating and promote a culture where food brings both nourishment and joy. A. Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. B. Some online health communities provide some self-treatment methods. C. ON patients showed doubled depression rates compared to non-sufferers. D. Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. E. Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. F. In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. G. Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A neighbor once told me that he often dresses, ties his shoelaces, drags his toothbrush around, starts the car, drives down the parkway, and arrives at his office without much mental effort; this sometimes alarms him. Yet we all do it. We all have days where we go through the motions like an automaton. Scientists explain this “zombie-like” state with something called the default mode network (DMN). It is a group of brain areas in the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Researchers from Washington University first studied it in the early 2000s. They found that the DMN becomes active when we are not focused on a specific task. It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. The default mode actually protects us. It saves energy by letting us complete simple, repetitive tasks — such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes — without thinking too hard. This is also because of heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions. For example, financial workers often use heuristics to judge whether they should buy or sell stocks. These shortcuts allow the brain to work faster without using too much effort. Two researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, showed that people often make quick judgments, especially when they feel uncertain. Besides using shortcuts, our brain also performs basic tasks automatically. Walking, riding a bicycle, or washing dishes can be done without full attention because our bodies rely on muscle memory. However, letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous. Many drivers experience moments of mind-wandering, especially when close to home, and this can lead to accidents. Our autopilot can also appear during conversations. Sometimes we nod along even though we are not really listening. The DMN also stores daydreams, memories, and imaginations. While some are helpful or creative, others bring negative thoughts such as worry, anxiety, or self-criticism. When negative thinking repeats again and again, it can trap us in a cycle of stress. To stop autopilot, we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment. For example, when eating an apple, we can pay attention to its taste, smell, and texture instead of thinking about other things. We can also fully listen when someone speaks or notice the trees while walking. 40. What is the function of the default mode network (DMN)? _____________________________________________________________________ 41. Why can walking or riding a bicycle be done automatically? _____________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The default mode network (DMN) is dangerous because it makes our brain work on autopilot, which always leads to negative results. _____________________________________________________________________ 43. How can we avoid the negative effects of being on autopilot in daily life? Explain your suggestion. (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学李华，你的外国好友 Jim 获悉你校正在举办“科技与文化融合”设计大赛，想了解你的创意思路。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你选择的文化元素与科技手段； 2．你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 通州区2025 — 2026学年高三年级查漏补缺试题 英语学科 2026年5月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of ___1___ this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not ___2___, often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to ___3___ the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only ___4___ practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was ___5___. On the first three days alone, I made $406. That initial success was more than just encouraging — it was ___6___ that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the center, grateful for the charging service, ___7___ my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed ___8___ to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also ___9___ technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which reduced my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as I begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these ____10____ lessons have set a stage for the future. 1. A. medicine B. literature C. business D. science 2. A. reliable B. private C. affordable D. renewable 3. A. discuss B. raise C. report D. address 4. A. promote B. replace C. meet D. guide 5. A. disappointing B. incredible C. strange D. embarrassing 6. A. proof B. doubt C. hope D. fear 7. A. confused B. challenged C. confirmed D. changed 8. A. income B. capital C. price D. profit 9. A. run out of B. got rid of C. reflected on D. drew on 10. A. practical B. classic C. familiar D. cultural 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了在大学前积累市场相关经验，开始创业经营充电站的过程和感悟。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：渴望在大学前获得与市场相关的经验，今年夏天我踏入了商界。A. medicine医学；B. literature文学；C. business商业；D. science科学。根据上文“Eager to gain market-related experience”可知，作者想要获得与市场相关的经验，因此踏入了商界。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我的社区存在一个问题：电力供应不可靠，经常不足，导致频繁停电，影响日常生活。A. reliable可靠的；B. private私人的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. renewable可再生的。根据下文“often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts”可知，电力供应不足，导致频繁停电，说明电力供应不可靠。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这产生了对充电站的明显需求，所以我决定开设一个来解决这个问题。A. discuss讨论；B. raise提高；C. report报告；D. address解决。根据上文“This created a clear need for a charging station”可知，社区需要充电站，所以作者决定开设一个来解决这个问题。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个最初只是为了为大学做准备的项目，很快变成了一个有意义的项目，塑造了我对商业如何不仅能满足实际需求，还能在社区中产生持久影响的理解。A. promote促进；B. replace替换；C. meet满足；D. guide指导。根据下文“practical needs”可知，此处指满足实际需求。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生意反响令人难以置信。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. strange奇怪的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“On the first three days alone, I made $406.”可知，作者三天就赚了406美元，说明生意反响令人难以置信。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一初步的成功不仅仅是鼓舞人心的——它证明了我正在解决一个真正的问题，而且我的服务有市场。A. proof证明；B. doubt怀疑；C. hope希望；D. fear恐惧。根据下文“that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services”可知，作者的生意成功证明了他正在解决一个真正的问题，而且他的服务有市场。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们涌入中心，对充电服务表示感谢，这证实了我的信念：商业就是满足需求，为他人服务。A. confused使困惑；B. challenged挑战；C. confirmed证实；D. changed改变。根据下文“my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others”可知，人们的反应证实了作者对商业的信念。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我需要资金来创业时，我与亲戚谈判，让他们给我两头牛，然后我把牛卖掉来筹集资金。A. income收入；B. capital资金；C. price价格；D. profit利润。根据下文“which I then sold to raise funds”可知，作者卖掉牛来筹集资金，说明他创业时需要资金。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还利用自己的专业技术自行完成了电气安装工作，这降低了我的启动成本。A. run out of用完；B. got rid of摆脱；C. reflected on反思；D. drew on利用，接近。根据后文“which reduced my startup costs”可知，作者利用专业技术自行完成了电气安装工作，这降低了他的创业成本。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我可以看到这些实践课程如何为未来奠定了基础。A. practical实际的；B. classic经典的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cultural文化的。根据上文作者创业的经历可知，作者从中学到了实际的经验，这些实践课程为他的未来奠定了基础。故选A。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays China’s food market ____11____ (reshape) by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ____12____ (dismiss) as a niche (小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. In the past few years, the category has ballooned into a multibillion-yuan industry, fueled by busier lifestyles, advances in processing and official support that has turned ____13____ began as a consumer trend into a strategic priority. 【答案】11. is being reshaped 12. dismissed 13. what 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍预制菜兴起正在重塑中国食品市场，从小众便利食品成长为价值数十亿元的产业。 【11题详解】 考查现在进行时被动语态。句意：如今，预制菜的兴起正在重塑中国食品市场。主语 market 与 reshape(重塑)为被动关系；时间词 Nowadays 强调“当前正在发生”，用现在进行时被动：am/is/are + being + done。主语为单数，be动词为is。 【12题详解】 考查过去分词作状语。句意：预制菜一度被视为小众便利食品，如今涵盖从半成品炒菜到只需加热的即食菜肴等多种品类。句子主语they与 dismiss(不予理会、视为)为被动关系，用过去分词表被动和完成。 【13题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：在过去几年里，受生活节奏加快、加工技术进步以及政策支持的推动，这一品类已发展为价值数十亿元的产业；政策支持也把最初只是一种消费趋势的事物转变成了一项战略重点。turn后接宾语从句，从句缺主语，指事物，用what引导。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What does it take to become the best at something? The answer may not lie in early childhood ____14____ (excellent) or in lifelong, laser-focused dedication. A recent research published in Science says that compared with their national-class counterparts, those who are very good but not the best, world-class performers often ____15____ (start) their discipline later. These people tend ____16____ (engage) in multiple activities early on and don’t shine in one thing at a particularly young age. They accumulate less practice in their discipline and more practice in other disciplines and then rise to the top relatively late. 【答案】14. excellence 15. start 16. to engage 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一项新研究观点：顶尖高手未必靠幼年天赋或长期专注，反而常起步较晚、早期涉猎广泛、后期脱颖而出。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：答案或许不在于童年时期的优异表现，也不在于一生极度专注的投入。空格与childhood构成名词短语，需用名词作宾语；excellent的名词形式为 excellence，意为“卓越、优异”。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：一项发表在《科学》杂志上的最新研究表明，与他们的国家级同行——这些选手虽然水平很高但仍算不上最顶尖相比，世界级选手往往起步更晚。句子描述研究结论，即客观事实，用一般现在时；主语performers为复数，谓语用原形。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这类人早年倾向于参与多种活动，不会在很小的年纪就在某一领域崭露头角。固定搭配 tend to do sth.，意为“倾向于做某事”，engage in意为“参与”。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I came to China to tell stories through videos but ended up living them. Over the past 20 years since my arrival, I ____17____ (travel) to every province, collecting extraordinary experiences, from mountains and forests to remote villages and tundras (冻土), not to mention hunting with eagles on horseback. These stories didn’t just become popular videos. They rewrote my life. ____18____ (receive) China’s Special Book Award, the ____19____ (high) literary honor for foreigners, was both a surprise and an honor, ____20____ has opened new access to my cultural exchange. 【答案】17. have travelled##have traveled 18. Receiving 19. highest 20. which 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者来华 20 年，通过视频记录中国、收获经历与荣誉，促进文化交流。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自我来到这里的二十年间，我走遍了各个省份，收获了诸多别样经历：踏遍山川林海，走访偏远村落与冻土荒原，更有骑马驯鹰狩猎的独特体验。时间状语Over the past 20 years提示用现在完成时；主语 I，助动词用have，travel的过去分词为travelled/traveled。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：荣获中国政府出版奖 —— 外籍人士所能获得的最高文学荣誉，我既意外又倍感荣幸，这份荣誉也为我开展文化交流开辟了新渠道。句子缺主语，用receive的动名词形式，首字母大写。 【19题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：同上。“最高文学荣誉”，定冠词the后用high 的最高级highest。 【20题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，用which引导。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We believe that the best way for students to learn science is through hands-on experiences outside the classroom. Voyager School Travel offers science school trips to a number of destinations worldwide. ● Euro Space Center, Belgium At the Euro Space Center, you can see if you’ve got what it takes to become an astronaut! Through a range of hands-on experiences and interactive exhibits, you will live like an astronaut, experiencing zero gravity and flight simulators (模拟装置). Optional evening activities are also available to keep you engaged. ● London Science Museum The Science Museum in London provides an immersive science school trip, cover-ing a wide range of topics from space technology to ordinary household appliances. There are plenty of interactive exhibits for you to try out from simulated earthquakes to 3D cinemas. ● NEMO Science Museum, Amsterdam Our Amsterdam trip focuses on engaging students interested in science. The NEMO Science Museum is a fantastic educational center for science students. Your group will learn how energy and technology have shaped our world through five floors of interactive exhibits with a collection of nearly 20,000 artifacts! ● CERN, Switzerland A visit to Geneva, Switzerland, home to CERN, is sure to inspire you. At CERN, students can take guided tours with safety helmets on, getting close to the Large Hadron Collider. Permanent exhibitions provide insights into particles and experiments conducted by the Collider. 21. What do Euro Space Center and London Science Museum have in common? A. They both focus on space technology only. B. They both provide zero-gravity experiences. C. They both have interactive exhibits for visitors. D. They both offer evening activities for most students. 22. What can we learn about NEMO Science Museum in Amsterdam? A. It provides guided tours with strict safety requirements. B. It has five floors of displays about energy and technology. C. It has the largest collection of artifacts among the four places. D. It is mainly designed for physics teachers rather than students. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A. To compare four world-famous museums in Europe. B. To encourage students to visit science museums alone. C. To introduce science trip destinations provided by a travel agency. D. To explain why science should be learned through hands-on activities. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了 Voyager School Travel 旅行社为学生提供的四个国际科学研学旅行目的地，分别为比利时欧洲太空中心、伦敦科学博物馆、阿姆斯特丹 NEMO 科学博物馆及瑞士欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Through a range of hands-on experiences and interactive exhibits, you will live like an astronaut(通过一系列亲身体验和互动展品，你将体验宇航员的生活)”及第三段“There are plenty of interactive exhibits for you to try out from simulated earthquakes to 3D cinemas(馆内有大量互动展品供你体验，从模拟地震到 3D 影院)”可知，两个地方均设有互动展品。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Your group will learn how energy and technology have shaped our world through five floors of interactive exhibits(你们团队将通过五层楼的互动展品，了解能源与科技如何塑造我们的世界)”可知，该博物馆有五层关于能源和科技的展品。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Voyager School Travel offers science school trips to a number of destinations worldwide(Voyager School Travel 为学生提供前往全球多个目的地的科学研学旅行)”可推知，文章目的是介绍该旅行社提供的科学研学旅行目的地。 B On the Washington coast, 85-year-old Jan Worrell lived alone in a house facing the ocean. Since her husband’s death, days often passed without her seeing another person. She insisted she was doing fine, but the silence in the house grew heavier each year. One spring morning in 2023, firefighters carried in a small device and placed it on a table near her recliner. “This is ElliQ,” one of them said. “We think you’ll like her.” Jan frowned. “Not her,” she replied. “This thing is a robot.” At first, ElliQ felt like an intruder. It greeted her cheerfully, suggested breathing exercises, and offered to play music. Jan often answered briefly or ignored it altogether. She didn’t need a machine telling her how to live. But the days were long. ElliQ began reading headlines aloud while she drank coffee. It played old songs she loved. When she forgot to call a friend, it gently reminded her. Slowly, Jan found herself responding. She laughed at its jokes. She argued with it about the news. Without noticing, she had started talking more — even if it was to a robot. The real turning point came a year later at a doctor’s appointment. Jan’s resting heart rate had dropped, and her memory scores were slightly better. The doctor asked what had changed. Jan hesitated. “I suppose,” she admitted, “I talk more now.” That afternoon at yoga class, a friend asked what kept her going. Jan surprised herself with the answer: “It’s me and my robot.” When she returned home, ElliQ turned toward her. “How was your day?” it asked. Jan eased into her chair and smiled. “Wonderful,” she said. “Let me tell you.” ElliQ did not replace human relationships. But in the quiet space of Jan’s home, it offered conversation, routine and encouragement. For someone determined to live independently, that small presence made a meaningful difference. 24. What was Jan’s initial reaction to ElliQ? A. She treated it as a welcome guest. B. She was curious about its functions. C. She expected it to replace her friends. D. She considered it an unwanted presence. 25. How did ElliQ influence Jan’s life gradually? A. By engaging her in interactions and routines. B. By forcing her to do strict physical exercises. C. By reconnecting her with her old friends daily. D. By managing all her household chores perfectly. 26. What does the doctor’s appointment indicate? A. Jan had recovered from a serious heart disease. B. The robot had better medical skills than doctors. C. Jan’s memory loss was cured by listening to news. D. Social engagement had improved Jan’s well-being. 27. What is the author’s attitude towards AI companions like ElliQ? A. Critical but hopeful. B. Doubtful and worried. C. Objective and supportive. D. Indifferent and neutral. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述独居老人简・沃雷尔起初抗拒陪伴机器人 ElliQ，后来在日常相处中逐渐接受并受益于它，身心健康得到改善的故事，体现人工智能陪伴对独居老人生活的积极意义。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At first, ElliQ felt like an intruder(起初，ElliQ 感觉像个入侵者)”可知，简最初认为机器人是不受欢迎的存在。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ElliQ began reading headlines aloud while she drank coffee. It played old songs she loved. When she forgot to call a friend, it gently reminded her(ElliQ 会在她喝咖啡时大声读新闻标题、播放她喜欢的老歌、温柔提醒她给朋友打电话)”可知，机器人通过互动和日常陪伴影响了简的生活。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Jan’s resting heart rate had dropped, and her memory scores were slightly better(简的静息心率下降，记忆力得分也略有提升)”可推知，社交互动改善了简的健康状况。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ElliQ did not replace human relationships. But in the quiet space of Jan’s home, it offered conversation, routine and encouragement(ElliQ 无法取代人际关系，但在简安静的家中，它提供了交流、规律生活和鼓励)”可推知，作者对这类人工智能陪伴产品持客观且支持的态度。 C The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth. A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer. Humans aren’t the only potentially affected. “For a lot of things in the subsurface, it’s kind of ‘out of sight, out of mind’,” says Grant Ferguson, a geologist. But the underground world is full of creatures that have adapted to subsurface existence such as insects and snails. As the temperature rises because of climate change and underground urban development, scientists are keeping eyes on the potential implications for underground ecosystems. But the question of how underground hotspots could affect infrastructure has gone largely unstudied. Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures. To understand how underground temperature difference has affected the ground’s physical properties, he used a computer model to simulate(模拟) the underground environment from the 1950s to now—and then to 2050. He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall. Kathrin Menberg, a geoscientist in Germany, says these displacement predictions are far beyond her guesses and could be linked to the soft, clay-heavy soils. “Clay material is particularly sensitive,” she says, “It would be a big issue in all cities worldwide that are built on such material.” Like climate change above the surface, underground changes occur gradually. “These effects took decades to develop,” Ferguson says, adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate on their own. “We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.” But Ferguson says this wasted heat energy could also be reused, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Still, this assumption could fail as aboveground climate change continues to boost underground warming. However slowly, this heat will gather beneath our feet. “It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.” 28. The author quotes Rotta Loria in Paragraph 2 mainly to _______. A. make a prediction B. highlight a finding C. draw a conclusion D. raise an assumption 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. “Urban heat islands” extend underground to spare ecosystems. B. Surface climate change contributes to the reuse of underground heat. C. Underground temperatures mirror the ground’s physical characteristics. D. Buildings may collapse as a potential consequence of underground heat. 30. What does the underlined word “dissipate” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Show. B. Stay. C. Develop. D. Disappear. 31. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Underground climate change is a silent danger. B. Humans fail to notice the dramatic climate change. C. Cooling the subsurface helps control urban heat rises. D. Researching underground heat helps save on energy costs. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，是一种无声的危险。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”说明城市热量在向地下发展，第二段““Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer.(“在没有人意识到的情况下，芝加哥市中心正在变形，”研究报告的作者、环境工程师罗塔·洛里亚说)”引用Rotta Loria的话突出了这一发现。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures.(由于材料会随着温度的变化而膨胀和收缩，罗塔怀疑来自地下的热量可能会导致各种结构的磨损)”及“He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall.(他发现，到本世纪中叶，一些地区可能会向上抬升0.50英寸或下沉0.32英寸，这取决于该地区的土壤构成。虽然这些听起来像是很小的位移，但罗塔说，它们可能会导致一些建筑物的地基出现裂缝，导致建筑物倒塌)”可知，地下热量的潜在后果是建筑物可能倒塌。故选D。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to(他补充说，地下温度的升高同样需要很长时间才能)”及后文“We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.(我们基本上可以把所有的东西都关掉，温度信号会在那里停留很长一段时间)”可推知，关掉开关，也不会导致地下温度升高立即消失，因此，地下温度升高需要很长时间才能消失，划线词与disappear意思一致。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”及第二段“A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place.(一项针对芝加哥市中心的新研究表明，地下热点可能会威胁到最初散发热量的相同结构)”结合最后一段““It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.”(“这就像气候变化，”罗塔·洛里亚说。“也许我们并不总是看到这种情况，但它正在发生。”)”可知，本文介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，因此，作者想要告诉我们“地下气候变化是一种无声的危险”。故选A。 D We are a social animal. Indeed, it is our sociality — such as the ability to make sense of each other, to communicate, to work cooperatively and, finally, to create culture — that marks us off from other animal species. But then why are we everywhere striving to increase our isolation and limit our contact with others? As musician David Byrn e argues in an essay published last month, it is a striking fact about the new technologies that have so come to shape our lives, that they have precisely this effect: they limit our need for human contact. Online shopping? Check. Automated checkout? Check. Ride hail apps? Check. Efficiency is the key. We purchase efficiency by limiting the human aspect, known as “autonomous operation”. This is perhaps even more pronounced with new technologies on the horizon. Take the MOOC, the teacher-less virtual classroom. As Byrn e notes, this is meant to deliver the values of a learning environment without, well, without the environment — you get to stay at home — no teacher, but also, no fellow students. Byrne isn’t claiming we are consciously choosing to isolate ourselves. We shop online because it is convenient. The absence of contact with others is a side-effect. Maybe even an unavoidable one, as one of the things that makes online shopping so easy is precisely the absence of contact with other people. But Bryne’s thought is that whatever our intention, the tendency of our tech to isolate us may be a feature, not a bug. His hypothesis is that we actually, at some level, crave (渴望) the increased isolation and we are actually making technologies to satisfy impulses that, in some way, go beyond or against our social nature. But I wonder, is this really new? Even if we are social by nature, and do everything we can to embed ourselves socially, the need to find ways to be alone is, well, nothing new. It’s also striking that the very activities that risk separating us — in the old days, books, newspapers, TV; nowadays, the latest apps also connect us. We read about each other. What we read gives us information to share with each other. I am well aware of the data that shows the more time you spend on social media, the sadder and more isolated and envious you feel of others. But how novel is the isolating effect of social media? Being there reminds me a lot of what it was like to be social in high school — you have a vivid sense of your status and your standing in relation to others, and you have to deal with that. This may be isolating, sure. But it’s the isolating face of the social lives we’ve always had. It is isolating because of the ways technology brings us into real contact with others, not because it removes that contact. I wonder whether more isolation is a real option, after all. 32. Which of the following best reflects “autonomous operation”? A. Getting a toothbrush via a hotel delivery robot. B. Teaching mom how to establish a smart home. C. Seeking help by calling human customer services. D. Having an online meeting at home with colleagues. 33. Which of the following might the author agree? A. Technology offers fresh insights into our social status. B. Actions seemingly isolating can bond people. C. Social platforms help bring people closer. D. Social media has come to define our life. 34. What would be the best title for the passage? A. What Technologies Do to Human Nature B. Do Technologies Shape Our Lives? C. How Isolation Changes with Connection D. Can We Erase Human Element? 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在线购物和社交媒体如何可能无意中导致人们感到孤独，但同时强调这些活动也提供了与他人建立联系的机会，反映了现代社会中人们在追求便利与社交之间的平衡。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Efficiency is the key. We purchase efficiency by limiting the human aspect, known as “autonomous operation”. This is perhaps even more pronounced with new technologies on the horizon. Take the MOOC, the teacher-less virtual classroom. As Byrn e notes, this is meant to deliver the values of a learning environment without, well, without the environment — you get to stay at home — no teacher, but also, no fellow students. (效率是关键。我们通过限制人的方面来获得效率，被称为“自主操作”。随着新技术的出现，这一点可能更加明显。以MOOC为例，即没有教师的虚拟课堂。正如伯恩所指出的，这意味着在没有环境的情况下，传递学习环境的价值——你可以呆在家里——没有老师，也没有同学)”可知，通过限制人为因素（即自主操作）来提高效率。由此推知，通过酒店送货机器人获取牙刷正好符合“自主操作”的定义，因为这一过程中没有人为的参与，完全由机器人自主完成。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第六段中“Even if we are social by nature, and do everything we can to embed ourselves socially, the need to find ways to be alone is, well, nothing new. It’s also striking that the very activities that risk separating us — in the old days, books, newspapers, TV; nowadays, the latest apps — also connect us. We read about each other. What we read gives us information to share with each other. (即使我们天生具有社交性，并尽我们所能融入社会，寻找独处方式的需求也不是什么新鲜事。同样令人吃惊的是，那些有可能把我们分开的活动——在过去，书籍、报纸、电视；如今，最新的应用程序也连接着我们。我们互相了解对方。我们所读的东西给我们提供信息，让我们彼此分享)” 可推知，作者认为看似孤立的行为实际上可以让人们产生联系。故选B。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“But then why are we everywhere striving to increase our isolation and limit our contact with others? As musician David Byrn e argues in an essay published last month, it is a striking fact about the new technologies that have so come to shape our lives, that they have precisely this effect: they limit our need for human contact. Online shopping? Check. Automated checkout? Check. Ride hail apps? Check. (但是，为什么我们到处都在努力增加我们的孤立，限制我们与他人的接触呢？正如音乐家David Byrn在上月发表的一篇文章中所指出的那样，新技术如此塑造了我们的生活，一个令人震惊的事实是，它们恰恰具有这样的效果：它们限制了我们对人际交往的需求。)”可知，文章主语讨论了在线购物和社交媒体如何可能无意中导致人们感到孤独，但同时强调这些活动也提供了与他人建立联系的机会，反映了现代社会中人们在追求便利与社交之间的平衡。由此可知，D项“Can We Erase Human Element? (我们能抹去人类元素吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Experts have warned that an obsession (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health problems. A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). ____35____ The survey found some patients cut out foods like fish, meat or dairy, considering them “unclean”. Their fixation on “pure” foods leads to deficiencies (缺陷) like iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency. For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. ____36____ The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. ____37____ It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnosis and treatment are delayed. ____38____ Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. ____39____ True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating on healthy eating and promote a culture where food brings both nourishment and joy. A. Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. B. Some online health communities provide some self-treatment methods. C. ON patients showed doubled depression rates compared to non-sufferers. D. Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. E. Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. F. In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. G. Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康饮食痴迷会导致心理健康问题。 【35题详解】 根据上文“A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). (一项针对心理健康专业人士的调查发现，与之前的研究一样，90%的受访者见过神经性厌食症（ON）患者。)”引出了“orthorexia nervosa (ON)”这个概念，G选项“Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure. (基本上，正统厌食症就是只吃健康或纯净的食物，或者一个人认为健康或纯净的食物。)”对 “orthorexia”进行了基本的解释，即它是一种只专注于吃健康或纯净食物，或者个人认为健康或纯净的食物的状态，符合上下文语境，起到了承接上文的作用。故选G项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. (例如，尼克特·桑帕尔医生发现他的病人没有摄入足够的卡路里、矿物质、蛋白质或碳水化合物。一些病人甚至在节日大餐后不吃所有的食物。)”描述了患者对“纯净”食物的痴迷导致各种营养缺陷，比如一些患者在假期大餐后甚至会剔除整个食物类别。E选项“Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction. (因此，专家们警告说，健康的饮食不应该被简单地看作是限制的来源。)”中“Hence”表示因果关系，“experts warned”与前文提到的专家发现的问题相呼应，且该选项指出健康饮食不应仅仅被视为一种限制的来源，是对上文现象的总结和专家的警告，符合语境。故选E项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. (ON这个词是史蒂芬·布拉特曼博士在1997年创造的。他注意到病人的极端饮食会导致营养不良、焦虑甚至死亡。)”说明了“ON”的提出以及其带来的危害，下文提到“It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. (这是一个重大的挑战。医疗保健提供者可能没有接受过容易发现这些迹象的培训，患者可能没有意识到他们的饮食习惯。)”指出它带来的挑战。A选项“Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder. (尽管存在风险，但ON并没有被官方认定为饮食失调。)”中“Despite its risks”承接上文提到的危害，“isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder”引出下文因为未被官方认可所以带来的诊断和治疗方面的挑战，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. (医疗保健提供者需要注意识别和处理ON患者，提供营养建议、心理援助和饮食多样性教育等支持。公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”分别从医疗保健提供者和公众两个方面阐述了应对措施。F选项“In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating. (鉴于这些发现，医学界和公众应该对健康饮食持平衡的态度。)”中“the medical community and the public”与下文的“Healthcare providers”和“The public”相对应，“take a balanced view on healthy eating”引出下文的具体措施，符合语境。故选F项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. (公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”以及下文提到“True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. (真正的健康来自与食物的健康关系，而不是对“纯净”饮食的痴迷。)”，此处应是关于公众了解健康饮食的具体措施。D选项“Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition. (媒体和社交平台可以促进更现实的营养观。)” 指出媒体和社交平台可以促进对营养更现实的看法，是公众了解健康饮食的一种方式，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A neighbor once told me that he often dresses, ties his shoelaces, drags his toothbrush around, starts the car, drives down the parkway, and arrives at his office without much mental effort; this sometimes alarms him. Yet we all do it. We all have days where we go through the motions like an automaton. Scientists explain this “zombie-like” state with something called the default mode network (DMN). It is a group of brain areas in the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Researchers from Washington University first studied it in the early 2000s. They found that the DMN becomes active when we are not focused on a specific task. It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. The default mode actually protects us. It saves energy by letting us complete simple, repetitive tasks — such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes — without thinking too hard. This is also because of heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions. For example, financial workers often use heuristics to judge whether they should buy or sell stocks. These shortcuts allow the brain to work faster without using too much effort. Two researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, showed that people often make quick judgments, especially when they feel uncertain. Besides using shortcuts, our brain also performs basic tasks automatically. Walking, riding a bicycle, or washing dishes can be done without full attention because our bodies rely on muscle memory. However, letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous. Many drivers experience moments of mind-wandering, especially when close to home, and this can lead to accidents. Our autopilot can also appear during conversations. Sometimes we nod along even though we are not really listening. The DMN also stores daydreams, memories, and imaginations. While some are helpful or creative, others bring negative thoughts such as worry, anxiety, or self-criticism. When negative thinking repeats again and again, it can trap us in a cycle of stress. To stop autopilot, we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment. For example, when eating an apple, we can pay attention to its taste, smell, and texture instead of thinking about other things. We can also fully listen when someone speaks or notice the trees while walking. 40. What is the function of the default mode network (DMN)? _____________________________________________________________________ 41. Why can walking or riding a bicycle be done automatically? _____________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The default mode network (DMN) is dangerous because it makes our brain work on autopilot, which always leads to negative results. _____________________________________________________________________ 43. How can we avoid the negative effects of being on autopilot in daily life? Explain your suggestion. (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It prevents the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander. 41. Because our bodies rely on muscle memory. 42. The false part: always leads to negative results Explanation: The DMN is protective in most cases and only causes risks when used in important tasks. 43. We can practice mindfulness by focusing on the present, like paying attention to food taste or fully listening to others. It helps us stay aware and avoid autopilot. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍大脑默认模式网络（DMN）的概念、功能、利弊，以及如何通过正念练习避免其带来的负面影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It helps prevent the brain from becoming overloaded and allows the mind to wander(它有助于防止大脑超负荷，并让思绪自由漫游)”可推知，DMN 的功能是防止大脑超负荷、让思绪漫游。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“because our bodies rely on muscle memory(因为我们的身体依靠肌肉记忆)”可知，走路、骑车能无意识完成是因为肌肉记忆。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“The default mode actually protects us(默认模式实际上保护我们)”及第四段“letting the brain stay on autopilot during important tasks — like driving — can be dangerous(在完成驾驶这类重要任务时，让大脑处于“自动模式”会很危险。)”可推知，DMN 并非总带来负面结果，题干中“always leads to negative results”表述错误。 因为“默认模式网络（DMN）在大多数情况下具有保护作用，仅在用于重要任务时才会带来风险。” 【43题详解】 开放试题。根据文章第六段“we can practice mindfulness, which means staying aware of the present moment(我们可以练习正念，即专注于当下)”可知，我们可以通过专注于当下进行正念练习，比如留意食物的味道、认真倾听他人说话。这能帮助我们保持清醒，避免进入大脑自动模式。 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学李华，你的外国好友 Jim 获悉你校正在举办“科技与文化融合”设计大赛，想了解你的创意思路。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你选择的文化元素与科技手段； 2．你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m excited to share my idea for the “Tech-Culture Fusion” competition. I plan to combine traditional Chinese shadow puppetry with augmented reality (AR) technology. My design is an AR app where users control virtual puppets through hand gestures, performing classic stories with traditional music on their phones. I chose this because shadow puppetry is fading among youth, and AR can make it interactive and appealing. This fusion preserves cultural essence while adding innovation, bridging past and present. What do you think? Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给外国好友 Jim写一封邮件，介绍参加“科技与文化融合”设计大赛的创意思路。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 兴奋的：excited → thrilled 比赛：competition → contest 故事：story → tale 有吸引力的：appealing → attractive 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I plan to combine traditional Chinese shadow puppetry with augmented reality (AR) technology. 拓展句：I plan to combine traditional Chinese shadow puppetry, which is a precious intangible cultural heritage dating back over two thousand years, with augmented reality (AR) technology so that ancient art can meet modern innovation. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My design is an AR app where users control virtual puppets through hand gestures, performing classic stories with traditional music on their phones.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I chose this because shadow puppetry is fading among youth, and AR can make it interactive and appealing.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $