精品解析：山东枣庄市峄城区2026年初中学业水平第二次模拟考试英语试题

2026年初中学业水平第二次模拟考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2．不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 第一部分 听力(共三节，满分30分) 做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5个句子。听完每个句子后，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听完每个句子后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. We’re great. B. I was fine. C. It was amazing. 2. A. I used to be quiet. B. I’m used to getting up early C. I’m outgoing. 3. A. Well done. B. I hope so. C.Sorry, I won’t. 4. A. 664 meters long. B. 584 meters high. C. It’s high. 5. A. Sounds great! B. Don’t mention it. C. Be careful! 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 6. How soon will the train leave? A. In 3 minutes. B. In 5 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 7. What does Miss Gao think of the boy’s handwriting? A. It’s special. B. It’s bad. C. It’s nice. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 8. Where is the tea produced? A. It’s new B. It’s in Yicheng. C. It tastes fresh. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 9. Which club is Tony going to join? A. B. C. 10. What time will they go to the club this Thursday? A. B. C. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 11. What are you supposed to do when you meet South Korean students? A. Touch noses . B. Shake hands . C. Bow . 12. What do Chinese people often do when they meet visitors? A. Shake hands . B. Kiss . C. Hug. 听第6段材料，回答以下小题。 13. What class did Peter miss this morning? A. Chemistry B. Chinese . C. Math . 14. Why did Peter get up late? A. Because his alarm clock didn’t work. B. Because his watch didn’t work. C. Because he didn’t like to get up early. 15. Why was Tina late? A. The bus broke down. B. She missed the school bus. C. She went back home to get her book. 第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面1段独白。独白后有5个填空题，根据所听内容在空格内填入适当的单词。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，你将有1分钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。 Fresh water is wasted and polluted! Where fresh water goes About 5% of the world’s fresh water goes to our homes for drinking, cooking and    16   . The reasons of water waste People waste 50% to 80% of their yard water because they water    17    when it’s hot outside! People also waste a large amount of water every time they leave water    18    for one minute. The situation of polluted water When people wash their    19    at home, 50% of the dirty water goes down and runs to freshwater rivers. About 40% of our rivers are    20   . 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A INSIDE THE MAGAZINE May, 2026 Science Space Technology Environment ② Springtime activities Here is a good chance to experience what it’s like to work in a lab as a scientist. ⑦ Secrets of butterflies The ability to change shape will sound like magic — but what’s the secret behind it? ⑫ Zebrafish sent to space The team of Shenzhou-20 took a zebrafish to Tiangong for experiments. ⑮ High-speed trains China has built the longest train system in the world. ⑱ A flying car A new car has been seen in a test that could change the future of travel. ⑳ Green cities Man-made trees that tower over the city help to keep the city cool. GET IN TOUCH Email us at Aeilo@science.com. 1. What can we get from the text? A. Introductions to the articles. B. Names of the writers. C. The price of the magazine. 2. Which of the following pictures may be found on page 15? A. B. C. 3. What can we read about on page 20? A. The secret of nature. B. The future of travel. C. A new way to cool the city. B From different TV programs or books about ancient times, we can often hear titles like quanzi and kaimo. In fact, they are so popular that people regard them as part of ancient Chinese history and culture. What do these Chinese titles refer to? Have you ever wondered what the stories behind these titles are? Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest (谦逊的). Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people. This is similar to how some rich Chinese people call their big houses hanshe, which means “my poor home” Although people are modest about themselves, they respect others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi, but call others’ sons linglang, a respectful way to say “your son” In Chinese, kaimo means the “role model”. Both of these Chinese characters have a “木” on their left side. People believe that kai and mo were two kinds of trees in ancient China. It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius’ tomb (墓). The kai trees were so straight that they made people think of Confucius’ character — straight and honest. People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou. Similarly, the color of the mo tree’s leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity (正直). Since the kai and mo trees grew near the tombs of the two respected people, kaimo was then used to refer to role models. 4. Ancient Chinese used the title ______ to introduce their sons to others in a modest way. A. quanzi B. Kaimo C. linglang 5. What does the underlined word “belittle” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Push sb. to move quickly. B. Provide sb. with some advice. C. Make sb. seem unimportant. 6. Which of the following about kaimo is NOT true? A. It refers to the role models. B. We see it as a symbol of modesty. C. We can use it to describe honest people. 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The importance of ancient Chinese culture. B. The meanings of different Chinese titles. C. The ways of being a straight and honest person. C Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals. However, new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers has recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 8. How does the author begin the passage? A. By listing reasons for animal migration. B. By giving a fact about animal migrations. C. By comparing different migration journeys. 9. Why do some birds arrive too late to eat the young grass? A. Because the birds are flying at a slower speed. B. Because farmers harvest most of the young grass. C. Because climate change makes grass grow earlier. 10. What did the researchers find about the birds’ diets? A. The birds changed their diets to fit the environment. B. The birds prefer eating seeds to young grass. C. The birds now eat more food than before. 11. What will the author most probably discuss next? A. Other animals’ migration routes. B. Ways to protect natural wetlands. C. Dangers brought by climate change. D It’s 2 a.m., and you have an important test in seven hours. You have been studying for days, but you still don’t feel ready. What can you do? Maybe you could drink another cup of coffee and keep studying. But believe it or not, it’s better for you to close your books and go to sleep. Sleep takes up nearly one third of our lives. However, many people do not pay enough attention to it. This is because of the wrong idea about sleep. Sleep is not a waste of time. It is a very important process. While you sleep, your body rests and repairs itself, and still keeps working well. Sleep is also very important for your brain. About one fifth of your blood goes to your brain when you sleep. At night, your brain is busy organizing information. This is very important for your memory. The 19th-century scientist Hermann Ebbinghaus found that people usually forget 40% of new information in the first 20 minutes. This is called the forgetting curve (曲线) . However, this losing of information can be avoided through memory consolidation (巩固) . One of the most important things for memory consolidation is a good night’s sleep. During sleep, important knowledge is brought back again and stored as long-term memories. This is why sleeping after studying is highly helpful. Not getting enough sleep not only hurts your health but also makes it harder to remember what you have learned. That is why people say, “Sleep on it.” While you sleep, your brain is building new connections. With enough sleep, you will wake up with a clearer, more powerful brain, ready to face the day. 12. What is the writer’s opinion in Para. 1? A. Good sleep is better than staying up late to study. B. It’s necessary to drink coffee when studying late. C. Studying for days can help pass an important test. 13. What does the body do when we sleep? A. It stops all its work to save energy for the brain. B. It sends all blood to the brain to help memorize. C. It rests, repairs itself and still keeps working well. 14. What does the underlined phrase “Sleep on it” mean in the passage? A. Sleep to forget the trouble of studying. B. Sleep to help the brain remember knowledge. C. Sleep all night and give up studying for the test. 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell the importance of sleep for memory. B. To explain why people forget information easily. C. To advise people to drink less coffee when studying. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 From time to time, you may experience strong feelings of disappointment (失望), sadness, frustration (沮丧), even helplessness. ____16____ Your friends might tell you to “calm down” or “control yourself.” But what does that really mean? Accept Your Feelings It is okay to feel overwhelmed (不知所措的); it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. In fact, it is only a natural human response (反应) to stress. Don’t worry too much. ____17____ Accepting them is the first step toward change. Step Away for a While If it is all too overwhelming, just step away—take a break from that task. For example, if you have been studying very hard for your science test but suddenly feel your heart is racing and you don’t seem to remember anything, just stop what you are doing. Go to the kitchen and have a snack. Go outside and feel the wind. ____18____ Make a List to Beat Overwhelm Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do, such as studying many subjects or organizing a birthday event. The best thing to do is to sit down and make a list of the things that need to get done. ____19____ Then prioritize (优先处理) these tasks according to their importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer at the end of writing the list. Set Boundaries by Saying “No” Where you can help it, say “no”—learn to set boundaries for yourself. For example, if your friend asks you to go shopping with her to buy a gift for her mother but you know you have to study for an important test, say “no” to her. You wouldn’t want to stress yourself out when you end up not having enough time to study for the test. So, consider yourself, and excuse yourself. Learning to manage strong feelings takes time and practice. _____20_____ You only have one YOU. A. There is nothing wrong with your feelings this way. B. Dealing with such feelings does not come easy for many of us. C. You should forget your feelings and put more effort into your work. D. Always be in touch with yourself, and learn what works best for you. E. Writing something down is a good idea as it would help you to deal with different tasks. F. Such actions will help you clear your mind and you will feel better when you return to that task. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Robots make life easier. They help people sweep floors. They put things together in factories. They even deliver ____21____ to hospital patients. Soon, robots will be everywhere. And people will need them for everything. Now, people have to program robots to do their jobs. ____22____, with the rise of AI, robots are able to learn and do things on their own. That ____23____ some people. They think robots will get smarter and start to think like humans. These people also think very smart robots will stop ____24____ people. Then, the robots will take power away from humans. They will manage the ____25____. This is called a robot uprising (起义). Many experts are talking about whether it can ____26____. Scientists like Stephen Hawking are ____27____ of one thing. They think AI can become smarter than people. But other experts say that is not going to happen soon. They also question whether very ____28____ AI can really hurt us. Today, AI and robot experts try to ____29____ a robot uprising. They add rules to robots’ programs. These rules control the way that robots act toward people and the world. The experts know robot uprisings in movies are just science ____30____. They also know the power of AI, so they’re not taking any chances. They will make sure robots stay under human control and aren’t a danger to the world. 21. A. water B. toys C. medicine 22. A. However B. Also C. Instead 23. A. excites B. worries C. touches 24. A. looking for B. waiting for C. listening to 25. A. world B. tool C. moon 26. A. know B. believe C. happen 27. A. afraid B. sure C. proud 28. A. smart B. slow C. simple 29. A. prevent B. watch C. encourage 30. A. facts B. fiction C. programs 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置(如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式;如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词)。 Born in the mountains of Guizhou, Feng Peiyou never thought he had a talent for running. Many kids from the mountains could run well, and he was only a little ____31____ (fast) than most of them. He didn’t even realize ____32____ (he) running talent at first. But ____33____ 24-year-old Feng set a new national record at the Tokyo Marathon (马拉松), becoming the first Chinese runner to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 6 minutes. Now he ____34____ (admire) widely for his amazing achievement. Feng got into a sports school in Zunyi City ____35____ he was 15 years old. He worked hard for two years before joining the team in Guizhou Province, never giving up even when he felt tired. The training on the team was hard. Feng followed a strict daily plan ____36____ (improve) his running skills. His daily plan was ____37____ (careful) made, which included morning exercises, afternoon running and core strength (核心力量) training. In past ____38____ (competition), he first finished second behind Chinese star He Jie in 2021, and later broke the 16-year-old national record at the Wuxi Marathon in 2023. His hard training paid off, and his new record ____39____ (lead) the Chinese men’s marathon into a new era. “This is not the finish line,” Feng’s coach Zou Leilei told CCTV. “We have made our training plan and right now we ____40____ (work) toward the next goal.” 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;满分10分) 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 April 20 is the United Nations Chinese Language Day (联合国中文日). Now, more than 210 million (百万) people have learned and used Chinese as a foreign language. Students in 90 countries can learn at school. Is learning Chinese difficult for foreigners? We invite two Chinese learners to share their stories. Fun with tongue twisters I’ve always been amazed by the tongue twisters (绕口令) in Chinese. English has its own tongue twisters, for example: “Sally sells seashells by the seashore.” But Chinese takes it a step forward with its use of tones (声调). As an English speaker, I first learned Chinese through the use of pinyin. But as I found out, even when the letters in pinyin are the same, different tones can result in different Chinese words, like horse (马) vs mother (妈). But things get harder when this is used in tongue twisters! Can you say this one? Fourteen is fourteen, forty is forty,; fourteen is not forty, forty is not fourteen (十四是十四，四十是四十;十四不是四十，四十不是十四). I still can’t say it, well! Patrick McCarthy, US Practicing Chinese with friends Since I came to China in 2021, I’ve been using an app called Hello Chinese. Reading the small stories on there is really helpful. I first read them with pinyin and the Chinese characters (汉字), and then I read them again with just the characters. Going out for dinner with my Chinese friends is another good way to learn. In a social setting, I’m a bit more confident to practice speaking Chinese. Recently, some friends visited China for the first time. They don’t know any Chinese. I was glad my Chinese was good enough to help as I introduced them to Beijing. David House, UK 41. How many countries have Chinese classes at school? ___________________________________________________________ 42. What difficulty did Patrick McCarthy mention about learning Chinese? ___________________________________________________________ 43. How does David practice speaking Chinese? ___________________________________________________________ 44. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? ___________________________________________________________ 45. What is the best title of this passage? ___________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分20分) 46. 为响应“走进大自然”的校园倡议，你校英语报以Let’s Get Close to Nature为题征稿。请根据以下要点，结合自身经历写一篇英文短文投稿。 写作要点： 1. 现状：周末或假期里学生常宅家或沉迷手机，很少走进自然； 2. 你的做法及感受：介绍你在周末/假期亲近自然的具体活动，并谈谈这些活动对你有什么影响（如放松心情等）； 3. 号召并呼吁同学们走出家门，享受自然。 注意事项： 1. 词数100词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的个人姓名校名等信息。 Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年初中学业水平第二次模拟考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2．不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 第一部分 听力(共三节，满分30分) 做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5个句子。听完每个句子后，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听完每个句子后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. We’re great. B. I was fine. C. It was amazing. 2. A. I used to be quiet. B. I’m used to getting up early C. I’m outgoing. 3. A. Well done. B. I hope so. C.Sorry, I won’t. 4. A. 664 meters long. B. 584 meters high. C. It’s high. 5. A. Sounds great! B. Don’t mention it. C. Be careful! 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 6. How soon will the train leave? A. In 3 minutes. B. In 5 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 7. What does Miss Gao think of the boy’s handwriting? A. It’s special. B. It’s bad. C. It’s nice. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 8. Where is the tea produced? A. It’s new B. It’s in Yicheng. C. It tastes fresh. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 9. Which club is Tony going to join? A. B. C. 10. What time will they go to the club this Thursday? A. B. C. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 11. What are you supposed to do when you meet South Korean students? A. Touch noses . B. Shake hands . C. Bow . 12. What do Chinese people often do when they meet visitors? A. Shake hands . B. Kiss . C. Hug. 听第6段材料，回答以下小题。 13. What class did Peter miss this morning? A. Chemistry B. Chinese . C. Math . 14. Why did Peter get up late? A. Because his alarm clock didn’t work. B. Because his watch didn’t work. C. Because he didn’t like to get up early. 15. Why was Tina late? A. The bus broke down. B. She missed the school bus. C. She went back home to get her book. 第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面1段独白。独白后有5个填空题，根据所听内容在空格内填入适当的单词。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，你将有1分钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。 Fresh water is wasted and polluted! Where fresh water goes About 5% of the world’s fresh water goes to our homes for drinking, cooking and    16   . The reasons of water waste People waste 50% to 80% of their yard water because they water    17    when it’s hot outside! People also waste a large amount of water every time they leave water    18    for one minute. The situation of polluted water When people wash their    19    at home, 50% of the dirty water goes down and runs to freshwater rivers. About 40% of our rivers are    20   . 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A INSIDE THE MAGAZINE May, 2026 Science Space Technology Environment ② Springtime activities Here is a good chance to experience what it’s like to work in a lab as a scientist. ⑦ Secrets of butterflies The ability to change shape will sound like magic — but what’s the secret behind it? ⑫ Zebrafish sent to space The team of Shenzhou-20 took a zebrafish to Tiangong for experiments. ⑮ High-speed trains China has built the longest train system in the world. ⑱ A flying car A new car has been seen in a test that could change the future of travel. ⑳ Green cities Man-made trees that tower over the city help to keep the city cool. GET IN TOUCH Email us at Aeilo@science.com. 1. What can we get from the text? A. Introductions to the articles. B. Names of the writers. C. The price of the magazine. 2. Which of the following pictures may be found on page 15? A. B. C. 3. What can we read about on page 20? A. The secret of nature. B. The future of travel. C. A new way to cool the city. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是2026年5月杂志的目录页，展示了科学、太空、科技、环境四大板块的文章主题与页码，并附有联系邮箱。 【1题详解】 本文是杂志目录（INSIDE THE MAGAZINE），表格中列出了“Science”，“Space”，“Technology”，“Environment”四个板块的文章标题和简短内容。这正是对杂志内文章的介绍。 【2题详解】 根据原文目录中“Technology”板块的第⑮条是“High-speed trains”，所以第15页对应的是高铁相关内容，配图应该是高铁。 【3题详解】 原文目录中“Environment”板块的第⑳条是“Green cities”，内容提到“Man-made trees that tower over the city help to keep the city cool”，所以第20页介绍的是给城市降温的新方法。 B From different TV programs or books about ancient times, we can often hear titles like quanzi and kaimo. In fact, they are so popular that people regard them as part of ancient Chinese history and culture. What do these Chinese titles refer to? Have you ever wondered what the stories behind these titles are? Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest (谦逊的). Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people. This is similar to how some rich Chinese people call their big houses hanshe, which means “my poor home” Although people are modest about themselves, they respect others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi, but call others’ sons linglang, a respectful way to say “your son” In Chinese, kaimo means the “role model”. Both of these Chinese characters have a “木” on their left side. People believe that kai and mo were two kinds of trees in ancient China. It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius’ tomb (墓). The kai trees were so straight that they made people think of Confucius’ character — straight and honest. People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou. Similarly, the color of the mo tree’s leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity (正直). Since the kai and mo trees grew near the tombs of the two respected people, kaimo was then used to refer to role models. 4. Ancient Chinese used the title ______ to introduce their sons to others in a modest way. A. quanzi B. Kaimo C. linglang 5. What does the underlined word “belittle” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Push sb. to move quickly. B. Provide sb. with some advice. C. Make sb. seem unimportant. 6. Which of the following about kaimo is NOT true? A. It refers to the role models. B. We see it as a symbol of modesty. C. We can use it to describe honest people. 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The importance of ancient Chinese culture. B. The meanings of different Chinese titles. C. The ways of being a straight and honest person. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中文称谓“犬子”和“楷模”的由来与含义，体现古人在自称时的谦逊及对他人尊敬的文化传统。 【4题详解】 第二段“Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest.” 说明“犬子”是古人向他人介绍自己儿子时使用的谦称。 【5题详解】 第二段指出“Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people.”，前后为转折关系，尽管父母认为孩子成功，却在别人面前贬低他们。结合前文提到的“谦逊”，belittle意为“贬低、使显得不重要”，“Make sb. seem unimportant”符合语境。 【6题详解】 第四段和第五段表明，“kaimo”指榜样，源自楷树和模树，象征正直。文中提到“谦逊”是针对“quanzi”和“hanshe”的，而非“kaimo”。因此选项B“我们将它视为谦逊的象征”表述错误。 【7题详解】 本文第一段提出问题“What do these Chinese titles refer to?”，随后分别解释了“犬子”和“楷模”的含义、用法及文化背景，最后一段总结，因此文章主要讲述了不同中文称谓的含义。选项B符合。 C Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals. However, new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers has recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 8. How does the author begin the passage? A. By listing reasons for animal migration. B. By giving a fact about animal migrations. C. By comparing different migration journeys. 9. Why do some birds arrive too late to eat the young grass? A. Because the birds are flying at a slower speed. B. Because farmers harvest most of the young grass. C. Because climate change makes grass grow earlier. 10. What did the researchers find about the birds’ diets? A. The birds changed their diets to fit the environment. B. The birds prefer eating seeds to young grass. C. The birds now eat more food than before. 11. What will the author most probably discuss next? A. Other animals’ migration routes. B. Ways to protect natural wetlands. C. Dangers brought by climate change. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕鸟类迁徙展开，介绍了鄱阳湖鸟类北迁的路线、面临的食物困境，以及它们为适应环境变化而调整饮食的现象，最后提出了保护湿地与迁徙鸟类的建议。 【8题详解】 文章开篇直接陈述事实：“Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young.”，以动物迁徙的普遍现象引入话题。 【9题详解】 文中第二段提到“And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass.”，说明鸟类错过食用嫩草的原因是气候变化让草提前生长了。 【10题详解】 文中第三段提到“They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt to the environments they pass through.”，说明研究发现鸟类为了适应环境变化而改变了饮食结构。 【11题详解】 文章最后一段重点讨论了湿地消失对鸟类食物的影响，并提出建议“they also say wetlands must be protected”，因此下文最可能继续讨论保护自然湿地的方法。 D It’s 2 a.m., and you have an important test in seven hours. You have been studying for days, but you still don’t feel ready. What can you do? Maybe you could drink another cup of coffee and keep studying. But believe it or not, it’s better for you to close your books and go to sleep. Sleep takes up nearly one third of our lives. However, many people do not pay enough attention to it. This is because of the wrong idea about sleep. Sleep is not a waste of time. It is a very important process. While you sleep, your body rests and repairs itself, and still keeps working well. Sleep is also very important for your brain. About one fifth of your blood goes to your brain when you sleep. At night, your brain is busy organizing information. This is very important for your memory. The 19th-century scientist Hermann Ebbinghaus found that people usually forget 40% of new information in the first 20 minutes. This is called the forgetting curve (曲线) . However, this losing of information can be avoided through memory consolidation (巩固) . One of the most important things for memory consolidation is a good night’s sleep. During sleep, important knowledge is brought back again and stored as long-term memories. This is why sleeping after studying is highly helpful. Not getting enough sleep not only hurts your health but also makes it harder to remember what you have learned. That is why people say, “Sleep on it.” While you sleep, your brain is building new connections. With enough sleep, you will wake up with a clearer, more powerful brain, ready to face the day. 12. What is the writer’s opinion in Para. 1? A. Good sleep is better than staying up late to study. B. It’s necessary to drink coffee when studying late. C. Studying for days can help pass an important test. 13. What does the body do when we sleep? A. It stops all its work to save energy for the brain. B. It sends all blood to the brain to help memorize. C. It rests, repairs itself and still keeps working well. 14. What does the underlined phrase “Sleep on it” mean in the passage? A. Sleep to forget the trouble of studying. B. Sleep to help the brain remember knowledge. C. Sleep all night and give up studying for the test. 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell the importance of sleep for memory. B. To explain why people forget information easily. C. To advise people to drink less coffee when studying. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了睡眠对巩固记忆的重要作用，介绍了睡眠过程中身体和大脑的工作机制，解释了充足睡眠能帮助知识转化为长期记忆，熬夜学习反而不利于记忆留存。 【12题详解】 第一段最后一句“But believe it or not, it’s better for you to close your books and go to sleep”可知，作者认为比起熬夜学习，好好睡觉是更好的选择。 【13题详解】 第二段中“While you sleep, your body rests and repairs itself, and still keeps working well”可知，睡眠时身体会休息、自我修复并保持良好运转。 【14题详解】 第四段上下文，睡眠不足会导致难以记忆，而睡眠时大脑正在建立新连接（building new connections），因此“Sleep on it”的含义是通过睡眠帮助大脑巩固和记忆知识。 【15题详解】 通读全文，文章从考前场景切入，重点阐述了睡眠如何帮助大脑整理信息、巩固记忆以及避免遗忘，旨在告诉读者睡眠对记忆的重要性。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 From time to time, you may experience strong feelings of disappointment (失望), sadness, frustration (沮丧), even helplessness. ____16____ Your friends might tell you to “calm down” or “control yourself.” But what does that really mean? Accept Your Feelings It is okay to feel overwhelmed (不知所措的); it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. In fact, it is only a natural human response (反应) to stress. Don’t worry too much. ____17____ Accepting them is the first step toward change. Step Away for a While If it is all too overwhelming, just step away—take a break from that task. For example, if you have been studying very hard for your science test but suddenly feel your heart is racing and you don’t seem to remember anything, just stop what you are doing. Go to the kitchen and have a snack. Go outside and feel the wind. ____18____ Make a List to Beat Overwhelm Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do, such as studying many subjects or organizing a birthday event. The best thing to do is to sit down and make a list of the things that need to get done. ____19____ Then prioritize (优先处理) these tasks according to their importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer at the end of writing the list. Set Boundaries by Saying “No” Where you can help it, say “no”—learn to set boundaries for yourself. For example, if your friend asks you to go shopping with her to buy a gift for her mother but you know you have to study for an important test, say “no” to her. You wouldn’t want to stress yourself out when you end up not having enough time to study for the test. So, consider yourself, and excuse yourself. Learning to manage strong feelings takes time and practice. _____20_____ You only have one YOU. A. There is nothing wrong with your feelings this way. B. Dealing with such feelings does not come easy for many of us. C. You should forget your feelings and put more effort into your work. D. Always be in touch with yourself, and learn what works best for you. E. Writing something down is a good idea as it would help you to deal with different tasks. F. Such actions will help you clear your mind and you will feel better when you return to that task. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主旨在于提供关于如何有效管理和应对强烈情绪的建议。 【16题详解】 根据“Your friends might tell you to ‘calm down’ or ‘control yourself.’”可知，本段主要是说人们有时会有强烈的情绪反应，但不知道如何处理这些情绪，选项B“处理这种感觉对我们很多人来说并不容易。”符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据“Don’t worry too much.”和“Accepting them is the first step toward change.”可知，此处是在说人们不要过于担心，要学会接受自己的感受，选项A“你这样的感觉并没有错。”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据“Go to the kitchen and have a snack. Go outside and feel the wind.”可知，本段主要是在说当感到不知所措时，要学会暂时离开，做一些其他的事情来清空思绪，选项F“这样的行动将帮助你清空思绪，当你回到那个任务时，你会感觉更好。”符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据“The best thing to do is to sit down and make a list of the things that need to get done.”可知，本段主要是在说当有很多事情要做时，可以写下来列一个清单，选项E“写下一些东西是个好主意，因为它会帮助你处理不同的任务。”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据“Learning to manage strong feelings takes time and practice.”和“ You only have one YOU.”可知，此处是在说人们要学会与自己保持联系，找到适合自己的方法，选项D“始终与自己保持联系，并了解哪种方法最适合你。”符合语境。故选D。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Robots make life easier. They help people sweep floors. They put things together in factories. They even deliver ____21____ to hospital patients. Soon, robots will be everywhere. And people will need them for everything. Now, people have to program robots to do their jobs. ____22____, with the rise of AI, robots are able to learn and do things on their own. That ____23____ some people. They think robots will get smarter and start to think like humans. These people also think very smart robots will stop ____24____ people. Then, the robots will take power away from humans. They will manage the ____25____. This is called a robot uprising (起义). Many experts are talking about whether it can ____26____. Scientists like Stephen Hawking are ____27____ of one thing. They think AI can become smarter than people. But other experts say that is not going to happen soon. They also question whether very ____28____ AI can really hurt us. Today, AI and robot experts try to ____29____ a robot uprising. They add rules to robots’ programs. These rules control the way that robots act toward people and the world. The experts know robot uprisings in movies are just science ____30____. They also know the power of AI, so they’re not taking any chances. They will make sure robots stay under human control and aren’t a danger to the world. 21. A. water B. toys C. medicine 22. A. However B. Also C. Instead 23. A. excites B. worries C. touches 24. A. looking for B. waiting for C. listening to 25. A. world B. tool C. moon 26. A. know B. believe C. happen 27. A. afraid B. sure C. proud 28. A. smart B. slow C. simple 29. A. prevent B. watch C. encourage 30. A. facts B. fiction C. programs 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨了机器人和人工智能的发展，人们对智能机器人可能失控的担忧，以及专家为防止机器人起义所采取的措施。 【21题详解】 句意：它们甚至会给医院的病人递送药品。 根据“hospital patients”这一关键信息，医院病人最常需要的物品是药品，medicine符合语境。water水、toys玩具，与医院场景关联较弱。 【22题详解】 句意：然而，随着人工智能的兴起，机器人能够自主学习和做事。 前文提到机器人需要人类编程，后文提到机器人可以自主行动，二者存在转折关系，However用于表示转折。Also也、Instead相反，不符合此处的逻辑关系。 【23题详解】 句意：这让一些人感到担忧。 根据后文人们对机器人发展的担忧，可知这种情况会让人们感到担忧，worries符合语境。excites使兴奋、touches触动，与后文的负面情绪不符。 【24题详解】 句意：这些人还认为，非常智能的机器人会停止听从人类。 根据后文“机器人会从人类手中夺走权力”，可知机器人将不再听从人类，listening to符合语境。looking for寻找、waiting for等待，与后文逻辑不符。 【25题详解】 句意：然后，机器人将管理这个世界。 机器人起义后会接管人类的世界，world符合语境。tool工具、moon月球，与“机器人起义”的宏大设定不匹配。 【26题详解】 句意：许多专家正在讨论这是否会发生。 专家们讨论的是机器人起义这种情况是否会发生，happen符合语境。know知道、believe相信，与“讨论是否会发生”的语境不符。 【27题详解】 句意：像斯蒂芬·霍金这样的科学家对一件事很确定。 后文“They think AI can become smarter than people.”是一个明确的观点，说明科学家对此是“确定的”。afraid害怕的、proud骄傲的，不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：他们还质疑非常智能的人工智能是否真的会伤害我们。 前文提到“AI可能比人类更聪明”，此处延续对智能AI的讨论，smart符合语境。slow缓慢的、simple简单的，与前文“AI比人类更聪明”的设定矛盾。 【29题详解】 句意：如今，人工智能和机器人专家试图防止机器人起义。他们给机器人的程序添加规则。 根据后文专家给机器人添加规则以控制其行为，可知目的是防止机器人起义，prevent符合语境。watch观察、encourage鼓励，与专家的行为目的不符。 【30题详解】 句意：专家们知道电影中的机器人起义只是科幻虚构内容。 根据常识，电影中的机器人起义属于科幻内容，science fiction是固定搭配，意为“科幻小说”。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置(如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式;如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词)。 Born in the mountains of Guizhou, Feng Peiyou never thought he had a talent for running. Many kids from the mountains could run well, and he was only a little ____31____ (fast) than most of them. He didn’t even realize ____32____ (he) running talent at first. But ____33____ 24-year-old Feng set a new national record at the Tokyo Marathon (马拉松), becoming the first Chinese runner to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 6 minutes. Now he ____34____ (admire) widely for his amazing achievement. Feng got into a sports school in Zunyi City ____35____ he was 15 years old. He worked hard for two years before joining the team in Guizhou Province, never giving up even when he felt tired. The training on the team was hard. Feng followed a strict daily plan ____36____ (improve) his running skills. His daily plan was ____37____ (careful) made, which included morning exercises, afternoon running and core strength (核心力量) training. In past ____38____ (competition), he first finished second behind Chinese star He Jie in 2021, and later broke the 16-year-old national record at the Wuxi Marathon in 2023. His hard training paid off, and his new record ____39____ (lead) the Chinese men’s marathon into a new era. “This is not the finish line,” Feng’s coach Zou Leilei told CCTV. “We have made our training plan and right now we ____40____ (work) toward the next goal.” 【答案】31. faster 32. his 33. the 34. is admired 35. when 36. to improve 37. carefully 38. competitions 39. led 40. are working 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述贵州马拉松运动员冯配友的成长故事：出身大山的他起初并未发觉跑步天赋，经过多年艰苦专业训练，接连在国内大赛取得突破，最终在东京马拉松创下全新国家纪录，成为首位跑进2小时06分的中国马拉松选手；教练也表示这只是起点，团队仍在向着新目标努力。 【31题详解】 句意：山里的许多孩子都很能跑，而他只是比其中大多数人跑得快一点点。出现比较级标志词than，形容词fast要变为比较级faster；a little可以修饰比较级，表示 “稍微、一点”。 【32题详解】 句意：起初他甚至都没有意识到自己的跑步天赋。空格后是名词短语running talent，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，主格he对应的形容词性物主代词是his。 【33题详解】 句意：但这位24岁的冯配友在东京马拉松赛上刷新了全国纪录，成为首位马拉松跑进2小时06分的中国选手。此处特指前文提到的冯配友，“the+年龄形容词+人名” 用来特指这个人，因此填定冠词the。 【34题详解】 句意：如今，他凭借惊人的成绩受到众人广泛敬佩。主语he和admire（敬佩）是被动关系（他被人们敬佩）；时间词now表示一般现在时，一般现在时被动结构：is/am/are+动词过去分词，主语he用is，admire过去分词为admired。 【35题详解】 句意：冯配友15岁时进入了遵义市的一所体校。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当…… 的时候”，连接“入学”和“15岁”两个时间信息。 【36题详解】 句意：冯配友严格执行每日训练计划，以此提升自己的跑步技术。不定式to do在这里作目的状语，说明执行计划的目的是提升跑步能力。 【37题详解】 句意：他的每日训练计划制定得十分细致，计划包含晨练、午后跑步以及核心力量训练。空格修饰动词was made（被制定），修饰动词需要副词；形容词careful的副词形式是 carefully。 【38题详解】 句意：在过往的各项赛事中，他先是在2021年的比赛里仅次于国内名将何杰拿到亚军，后来又在2023年无锡马拉松打破了尘封16年的全国纪录。competition是可数名词，句中指过去多场比赛，需要使用复数形式competitions。 【39题详解】 句意：他的刻苦训练终获回报，他创下的新纪录将中国男子马拉松带入了全新时代。and连接两个并列分句，前半句paid off是一般过去时，后半句时态保持一致；动词lead的过去式为不规则变化led。 【40题详解】 句意：“我们已经制定好了训练计划，眼下我们正朝着下一个目标努力。”时间标志词right now（此刻、眼下），表示正在发生的动作，使用现在进行时，结构：is/am/are+现在分词；主语是we，be动词用are，work的现在分词为working。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;满分10分) 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 April 20 is the United Nations Chinese Language Day (联合国中文日). Now, more than 210 million (百万) people have learned and used Chinese as a foreign language. Students in 90 countries can learn at school. Is learning Chinese difficult for foreigners? We invite two Chinese learners to share their stories. Fun with tongue twisters I’ve always been amazed by the tongue twisters (绕口令) in Chinese. English has its own tongue twisters, for example: “Sally sells seashells by the seashore.” But Chinese takes it a step forward with its use of tones (声调). As an English speaker, I first learned Chinese through the use of pinyin. But as I found out, even when the letters in pinyin are the same, different tones can result in different Chinese words, like horse (马) vs mother (妈). But things get harder when this is used in tongue twisters! Can you say this one? Fourteen is fourteen, forty is forty,; fourteen is not forty, forty is not fourteen (十四是十四，四十是四十;十四不是四十，四十不是十四). I still can’t say it, well! Patrick McCarthy, US Practicing Chinese with friends Since I came to China in 2021, I’ve been using an app called Hello Chinese. Reading the small stories on there is really helpful. I first read them with pinyin and the Chinese characters (汉字), and then I read them again with just the characters. Going out for dinner with my Chinese friends is another good way to learn. In a social setting, I’m a bit more confident to practice speaking Chinese. Recently, some friends visited China for the first time. They don’t know any Chinese. I was glad my Chinese was good enough to help as I introduced them to Beijing. David House, UK 41. How many countries have Chinese classes at school? ___________________________________________________________ 42. What difficulty did Patrick McCarthy mention about learning Chinese? ___________________________________________________________ 43. How does David practice speaking Chinese? ___________________________________________________________ 44. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? ___________________________________________________________ 45. What is the best title of this passage? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. 90 countries. 42. The use of tones. 43. By going out for dinner with Chinese friends. 44. Some friends. 45. Stories of Learning Chinese. 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了联合国中文日的背景，并通过两位外国学习者的经历，讲述了他们学习中文的故事、遇到的困难及学习方法。 【41题详解】 根据文章第1段“Students in 90 countries can learn at school.”可推知学校开设中文课的国家数量是90个。 【42题详解】 根据文章第2段“But Chinese takes it a step forward with its use of tones…But things get harder when this is used in tongue twisters!”可推知Patrick提到的困难是声调的使用。 【43题详解】 根据文章第4段“Going out for dinner with my Chinese friends is another good way to learn.”可推知David通过和朋友出去吃饭练习口语。 【44题详解】 根据文章第5段“Recently, some friends visited China for the first time…I introduced them to Beijing.”可推知结论划线单词“them”指代前文提到的一些朋友。 【45题详解】 本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一。通读全文，文章主要围绕两位外国学习者分享他们学习中文的经历和故事展开，答案合理作答即可。 第二节 (满分20分) 46. 为响应“走进大自然”的校园倡议，你校英语报以Let’s Get Close to Nature为题征稿。请根据以下要点，结合自身经历写一篇英文短文投稿。 写作要点： 1. 现状：周末或假期里学生常宅家或沉迷手机，很少走进自然； 2. 你的做法及感受：介绍你在周末/假期亲近自然的具体活动，并谈谈这些活动对你有什么影响（如放松心情等）； 3. 号召并呼吁同学们走出家门，享受自然。 注意事项： 1. 词数100词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的个人姓名校名等信息。 Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. Nowadays, many students stay at home or are addicted to their phones during weekends, so they rarely get close to nature. As for me, I enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking and having picnics. For instance, last Sunday, I went to a park with my friends. We breathed the fresh air and admired the beautiful scenery. These activities not only help me relax but also make me feel energetic. They bring me joy and peace. Therefore, I encourage all students to go out and experience nature. Let's leave our screens behind and enjoy the wonders of the natural world together! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 第一步：审题立意 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，阐述现状、个人经历并发出倡议 明确要点：需包含周末/假期学生沉迷手机、少接触自然的现状；自己亲近自然的具体活动及感受；呼吁同学们走进自然，词数100词左右 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：文中不得出现真实个人姓名、校名等信息，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯 第二步：构思布局 三段式结构（正文部分）： 主体段1：描述现状，说明现在学生周末常宅家、沉迷手机，很少接触自然 主体段2：介绍自己亲近自然的具体活动，描述活动带来的影响（如放松心情） 主体段3：发出呼吁，号召同学们走出家门，感受自然 第三步：要点展开 要点一：描述现状 stay at home/are addicted to their phones/rarely get close to nature Now, most of us prefer staying at home or playing with phones on weekends, and we hardly have time to enjoy nature. 要点二：介绍自己的活动及感受 enjoy outdoor activities/went to a park/breathed the fresh air and admired the beautiful scenery/help me relax/make me feel energetic/bring me joy and peace I love going hiking in the mountains or having picnics by the lake. Last weekend, I went to the countryside with my family. I breathed fresh air, watched green trees and colorful flowers. These activities make me relaxed and full of energy. 要点三：发出呼吁 encourage all students to go out and experience nature/leave our screens behind/enjoy the wonders of the natural world Let’s put down our phones and go out. Nature can give us happiness and energy. Let’s enjoy the beauty of nature together! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $