Unit 7 Charities (Reading I)课后练习 2025-2026学年译林版 八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 学科英语，年级八年级，学期春季，课题Unit 7 Charities (Reading I)，资料类型同步练。练习以“基础巩固-思维提升-文化拓展”三级分层设计，构建从语言知识到综合素养的递进式巩固路径。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|课文细节理解、核心短语运用|阅读理解单选考查信息定位能力，翻译题强化“be prevented or cured”等课文短语，夯实语言能力| |提升层|文本深层含义分析|开放问答要求阐释“授人以渔”的意义，需结合文本逻辑推理，培养思维品质| |拓展层|同类慈善主题语篇理解|课外拓展阅读MSF文章，通过主旨、细节题考查跨文本理解，渗透人类命运共同体意识，提升文化意识|

作业练习 课程基本信息 学科 英语 年级 八年级 学期 春季 课题 Unit 7 Charities (Reading I) 教科书 书名：《义务教育教科书·英语》八年级下册 作业练习 1、 阅读理解单选：根据课文内容选择正确答案。 1. What is the main purpose of Orbis? A. To train pilots to fly medical planes. B. To provide training and eye operations worldwide. C. To build hospitals in poor countries. D. To sell medical equipment to developing countries. 2. Why does Orbis use a plane as a training centre? A. Because it is cheaper than building hospitals. B. Because it can reach remote areas easily. C. Because local doctors prefer to learn on a plane. D. Because the plane can carry more patients. 2、 翻译：用课文中学到的短语完成句子。 1. Many eye problems can ____________ if people receive timely treatment. (被预防或治愈) 2. Volunteer doctors ___________________ patients during Dr Ma's last visit. (为……做手术) 3. Orbis ______________________ local doctors and nurses so they can help more people in the future. (培训；赋予技能) | 开放问答： Orbis teaches local doctors new skills so they can help more people – not just during Orbis’s visit, but in the future. Why is this idea of “teaching a man to fish” so important? Give two reasons based on the text. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、课外拓展阅读： Doctors Without Borders: Healing the World Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), or Doctors Without Borders, is one of the world's leading independent medical humanitarian organizations. Founded in 1971 by a group of French doctors and journalists, MSF provides emergency aid to people affected by wars, epidemics, natural disasters, and exclusion from healthcare in more than 70 countries. What makes MSF unique is its commitment to impartiality and neutrality. It offers assistance solely based on need, regardless of race, religion, or political affiliation. Its teams are often among the first to arrive in a crisis zone and sometimes work in extremely dangerous conditions. In 1999, MSF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for its pioneering humanitarian work. MSF relies mainly on private donations – about 90% of its funding comes from millions of individual supporters worldwide. This financial independence allows MSF to act quickly and freely. The organization also has thousands of volunteer doctors, nurses, and logistical experts who put their careers on hold to work in the field for several months. A well-known MSF project is its fight against HIV/AIDS. In countries like South Africa and Mozambique, MSF has introduced simpler treatment methods and trained local health workers, making life‑saving medicines accessible to thousands. Another major area is responding to outbreaks such as Ebola. During the 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola epidemic, MSF treated more than 5,000 patients and helped contain the virus through community education. Still, challenges exist. Armed conflicts sometimes prevent MSF teams from reaching those in need, and new diseases constantly emerge. Yet MSF continues to adapt. It not only treats patients but also speaks out about the crises it witnesses, urging governments and international bodies to take action. MSF's story shows that compassion, when combined with professional skills and determination, can bring hope to the darkest corners of the world. 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To list the countries where MSF works. B. To explain why MSF won the Nobel Prize. C. To introduce MSF as a global medical humanitarian organization. D. To compare MSF with other charities. 2. How does the author support the statement that MSF is “unique”? A. By giving examples of its work during Ebola. B. By explaining its principles of impartiality and neutrality. C. By describing the history of its founding. D. By listing the diseases it fights against. 3. Why does MSF prefer private donations? A. Private donations are larger than government funding. B. It allows MSF to remain independent and respond quickly. C. Governments do not want to donate to MSF. D. Private donors can also volunteer as doctors. 4. What challenge does MSF face according to the passage? A. Lack of volunteer doctors. B. Decreasing number of private donations. C. Wars preventing access to people in need. D. New diseases that cannot be cured. 5. What can we learn from MSF’s story? A. Only professional doctors can help in humanitarian work. B. International aid is always effective. C. Individual efforts make little difference. D. Compassion and skills together can make a huge difference. 练习答案 一、 1-2 B B 二、 1. be prevented or cured 2. operated on 3. trains / gives skills to 三、 Because it brings longterm help: trained local doctors can keep treating patients after Orbis leaves; and it spreads knowledge – one trained doctor can train more people, creating a multiplying effect. 四、 1. C 解析：主旨题。第一段介绍了MSF的成立时间、性质和工作范围，核心信息是“一个领先的国际医疗人道主义组织”。C项正确概括了本段目的。A、D为细节或未提及，B是后文内容。 2. B 解析：论证方式题。第二段第一句说MSF独特，紧接着解释其原因：“its commitment to impartiality and neutrality”，即不偏不倚、中立的原则。B项与此直接对应。A、C、D虽在文中出现，但并非用于论证“独特性”的论据。 3. B 解析：细节题。第三段明确提到：“This financial independence allows MSF to act quickly and freely.” 这正是MSF偏爱私人捐款的原因。B项是原文的同义转述。A、C、D文中均未提及。 4. C 解析：细节题。最后一段开头：“Armed conflicts sometimes prevent MSF teams from reaching those in need”明确指出武装冲突阻碍了救援。C项与此一致。A、B、D在文中没有作为主要挑战被提及。 5. D 解析：推理判断题。文章结尾总结道：“MSF's story shows that compassion, when combined with professional skills and determination, can bring hope ...” 这直接支持D选项。A、B、C均为绝对化表述，与文意相悖。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $