考前押题06 阅读回答问题常考话题（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读回答问题8大高频话题，每话题2篇训练，覆盖人物、文化、旅行等核心主题，题型兼顾细节提取与思维表达。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |8大话题|每话题2篇，如钱学森/洪家光（人物）、清明/春节（节日）|细节理解（时间/地点）、推理判断（人物品质）、开放表达（启示）|以话题为纲，融合文化意识（传统节日/工艺）与语言能力（信息提取与表达），贴合中考命题趋势|

考前押题06 阅读回答问题8大常考话题 话题 1 名人与人物生平 话题 2 日常闲聊与社交礼仪 话题 3 旅行与旅游胜地 话题 4 学习方法与学习习惯 话题 5 节日与传统文化 话题 6 问路与公共场所礼仪 话题 7 成长变化与自我认知 话题 8 物品材质与传统工艺 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 本资料共16篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2篇单元话题专题训练 Passage 1 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下面五个问题。 Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. He is known as the “Father of Chinese Aerospace (航空航天)” and “King of Rocketry” (火箭之王). Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. When he was little, he showed great interest in math and science, which made him different from most children of his age. He entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1929 and finished university at the top of his grade. In 1935, Qian left for the USA for further study. When he stayed there, he read lots of books, did many studies, and wrote a number of important articles on rockets and missiles (导弹). Slowly, he became one of the world’s best scientists in the field of aerospace. When Qian returned to China from the USA in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a blank (空白). He decided to change the situation. In 1956, Qian helped set up the first research center for rockets and missiles. He led his team and organized many programs. He was quite busy but he tried to give classes and talks to college students as often as he could, because he realized the importance of education. He often encouraged them to work hard for China’s development. Thanks to Qian, China’s aerospace technology developed rapidly. Qian died in 2009. He spent all his life developing missiles, rockets and space programs in China. Now his spirit still inspires Chinese people. 1．When and where was Qian Xuesen born? 2．What made him different from most children of his age? 3．What did he do when he stayed in America? 4．What was the situation of China’s space research in 1955? 5．What do you think of Qian Xuesen? Passage 2 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Born in 1979, Hong Jiaguang grew up in a poor family in a village in Liaoning. Though his parents struggled to make ends meet, young Hong loved taking apart old radios and machines to see how they worked. Sometimes this made his parents upset, but nothing could stop his passion (激情). When Hong finished middle school, he chose a vocational (职业的) school instead of an ordinary high school to help his family. At the vocational school, he studied hard day and night. His hard work paid off. Later, Hong got an important technical (技术的) job at Shenyang Liming Aviation Engine Co., Ltd. He became known as the most hard-working and the best worker there. One day, when his master (师傅) got sick during a big project, Hong bravely took over the challenging task. After weeks’ hard work, he solved a difficult technical problem, saving the company’s project. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was named “The National Model Worker”, and he was awarded “China’s No. 1 Polishing Craftsman”. In 2019, an airline company in the USA offered Hong $10 million yearly to work there. But Hong refused, saying firmly, “I’m Chinese. My skills belong to my country.” His choice showed deep love for his motherland, China. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．When was Hong Jiaguang born? 2．Why did Hong choose a vocational school after middle school? 3．What did Hong do when his master got sick? 4．What did Hong say when he refused the American offer? 5．What can you learn from Hong Jiaguang’s story? Passage 3 回答问题，答案不超过10个词 Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence (智力)and feelings. In August,it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, the IQ of a group of students was very high when a strong wind came,but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. People feel best at a temperature of about 18°C． Are you feeling sad, tired,forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What can hot and wet weather cause? 2．When may people have higher intelligence? 3．How may low air pressure make people feel? 4．What will happen to people in “good weather” of 18°C? 5．How do you feel on a rainy day? Passage 4 No one can change the weather. Nobody can control (控制) the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell what important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like in the following one or two days is called the weather forecast. For many centuries and in all countries, people studied the weather and tried to make a weather forecast. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground when rainy or stormy weather is on the way. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather continues. If fog appears in the morning just above a river, then it will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then it is fine the following day. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, the weather will become clear and fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, the rainy weather may come soon. People can use their eyes and brains to make a weather forecast by different natural signs. 1．Who can control the weather？ 2．When do some birds fly near the ground？ 3．How will the weather be if fog appears just above a river in the morning? 4．What will the weather be like if you see a rainbow during the rainy weather? 5．Can people make a weather forecast by natural signs? Please give an example from the text. Passage 5 Nature is full of wonderful sights that never fail to amaze us. From the highest mountains to the deepest oceans, every natural wonder tells a story of nature’s power and beauty. Last year, I had the chance to visit two amazing natural wonders, and the experience changed my view of nature. The first wonder I visited was the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. The rocks are covered with green plants, and when the mist comes, the park looks like a fairyland. I walked along the path and enjoyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery. I also saw many monkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full of life. This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is. The second natural wonder I visited was the Dead Sea. Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it. When you go into the water, you can float (漂浮) easily without swimming. My parents and I floated in the water and took many photos. I also learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are good for our skin. This experience taught me that nature has many surprises waiting for us to explore. Visiting these natural wonders was a great experience. It made me _______. I hope everyone can have the chance to explore nature’s wonders and learn to protect our beautiful planet. 1．What is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park famous for? 2．What did the writer think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? 3．Why can people float easily in the Dead Sea? 4．What other specials does the Dead Sea have besides being very salty? 5．Complete the sentence in Para. 4 with proper words. (用合适的单词补全第4自然段的句子) Passage 6 Chaka Salt Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai, China. It is about 3,100 meters above sea level and covers about 105 square kilometers. It is rich in salt, with a heavy salt bed close to the lake surface. This allows the lake to supply large quantities of salt for our country. On a clear day, the lake offers the beautiful reflection (倒影) of the blue sky. That is why people call it “Mirror of the Sky”. Because of its wonderful views, people see the lake as one of the “must-go” places in China. The beautiful sunrise and sunset views are the most attractive. Every July, large numbers of visitors begin to crowd into Chaka Salt Lake. And the situation usually lasts until the end of August. They just don’t want to miss the best time to go there. It is believed that with the summer breeze (微风), breathing in the salty air is especially good for health. If you want to go on a trip to the lake, the following advice may be helpful. ◆Do not eat the salt in the lake directly. ◆Wear sunglasses and a hat to protect you from the strong sunshine. ◆You can’t help taking photos, so you’d better take your camera with you. ◆Prepare some medicine for the weak and the elderly to deal with altitude sickness. When you travel to such a beautiful world of salt with snowy mountains and green grass around, you will feel like you are in a fairyland. 1．Where is Chaka Salt Lake? 2．Why is Chaka Salt Lake a “must-go” place in China? 3．When is the best time to visit Chaka Salt Lake? 4．According to the advice, what should we prepare for the trip? 5．Write an advertisement (广告) for Chaka Salt Lake. Passage 7 Are Translation Earbuds (翻译耳塞) Good for Us? Nowadays, you can easily buy cheap translation earbuds online for less than ten dollars. They can translate many languages in real time. When you wear them, they can turn foreign languages into your own language at once. They are very helpful when talking with people from other countries, and some even say the translations are 99% accurate (准确的). They seem really amazing. However, language experts warn that translation is not the same as learning a language. These earbuds can help in short conversations, but they can never take the place of language learning. Learning a language shows our respect and trust to others. It also helps us see the world from others’ views and build deeper relationships with different cultures. Besides, using AI translation too much makes our brains lazy, just like using AI for writing. We may get the answers easily and quickly, but we also stop thinking hard. Learning a language is difficult, but it teaches us important skills, such as patience, lifelong learning, creative thinking and careful listening. These are exactly the abilities people need in the AI age. Translation earbuds bring convenience (方便), but ________. Taking the easy way may make us lose more important things that only language learning can bring. 1．What can translation earbuds do when wear them? 2．What does learning a language show others? 3．What’s the result of using AI translation too much? 4．List skills that language learning can teach people. 5．Complete the sentence with proper words. Passage 8 任务型阅读。 Holidays are a wonderful time to spend with friends and family, eating and sharing stories. And if you are celebrating at home, waiting at airports or spending time on trains, buses or cars, you can learn English. Here are some ideas to learn English over the holidays. Podcast (播客) Listening to the podcast will help to understand spoken English and keep you knowing the information. If you finish a program, tell someone what you have learned. Tell them about an interesting story in English. Conversation When traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries who are also waiting or visiting a new place. If you hear someone asking for information in English, you should help them in English. A friendly conversation is usually welcome as travelers share their experiences. Writing about your day Writing about your day is a great way to practice your English writing. Using English to describe how you spent your holiday will help you to put new words to use and make you remember them longer. I hope you will enjoy your holiday this year, as a holiday is to rest your mind and body. Then you can go back to your regular life and be ready to see what comes next 1．What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words) 2．How many ways of learning English does the writer tell us? 3．What should you do to practice your English writing? 4．Why does the writer hope you will enjoy your holiday this year? 5．Give another way to learn English. （文中提到的除外） Passage 9 Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional festival for Chinese people to remember their family members who have passed away. It usually comes on April 4th, 5th or 6th. And it has a long history of over 2,500 years. The weather during this time is often warm but rainy, with flowers coming out and grass turning green. On this day, families go to the cemeteries (公墓). They clean the tombs (坟墓) and place fresh flowers to honor their ancestors (祖先). Some also bring food or drinks to share with their ancestors. Even though people feel sad, this activity helps them keep in touch with their family history. Besides tomb-sweeping, there is another tradition during the Qingming Festival called “stepping on the green”. There are many activities such as going hiking, flying kites, or having picnics in the countryside. People like stepping on the green because it’s a great chance for them to enjoy the warm spring and have fun with their families. A special food for Qingming is Qingtuan (a kind of green rice balls). It is made of sticky rice and green plants. The green colour stands for the freshness of spring. All in all, Qingming Festival is both a day of remembering and joy. It teaches people to respect their roots while enjoying the beauty of nature. 根据语篇内容，回答下列问题。 1．When does Qingming Festival usually come? 2．Where do families usually go to honor their ancestors on Qingming Festival? 3．Why do people have the tradition of “stepping on the green” during Qingming Festival? 4．What is Qingtuan made of? 5．Do you think Qingming Festival is an important festival? Why or why not? Passage 10 The most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the west. The dates for this annual (每年的) celebration vary (变化) from late January to early February. To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar (阴历的) New Year’s Day and ends on the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival. Before the Spring Festival, the people usually clean and decorate their houses, put the characters (汉字) “fu” and “duilian” on the doors or windows, and hang the lanterns. All family members get together on the evening before the Spring Festival to have a big meal. People will also light crackers and fireworks and make dumplings when they watch the Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会) together. During the festival, we always visit our relatives from door to door. The elders usually give the children red envelopes. 根据短文内容回答下列各题。请将你的答案写在下列各题的横线上 1．Is Christmas Day as important as the Spring Festival in China? . 2．Which is more important in China, the Spring Festival or the Lantern Festival? . 3．Do the people in China clean the houses before the Spring Festival? . 4．What do the people put on the doors or windows during the Spring Festival? . 5．What do the elders give the children? . Passage 11 回答问题。 You are on the street in New York and need to get to the nearest subway. Or you’re in Beijing and trying to find the bus to take you to the Great Wall. These should all be easy. But if you aren’t sure where you are and can’t speak the foreign language, it can be an embarrassing (令人尴尬的) experience. There are some suggestions that can help you ask for directions. Know where you are. If you do a bit of work before you leave for your trip, you can know where you are clearly. Take some maps. If you worry about your pronunciation when asking for directions, it is useful to carry a map. That’s because a stranger can point you in the right direction. He can see where exactly you are going through the map. Use body language. Often, travelers have to be silent (无声的) film actors when asking for directions. It sounds silly, but using your hands, fingers and facial expressions can make strangers understand where you want to go. Don’t get worried. Whether you are in Tokyo or Berlin, you might have trouble asking for directions. You should keep calm when you are in trouble. Believe you’ll find your way finally. 1．When should we do a bit of work about the place we plan to visit? 2．Why is it useful to carry a map when we worry about our pronunciation? 3．What are travelers like when asking for directions? 4．What should we do when we have trouble asking for directions? 5．How many suggestions are there in the passage? Passage 12 Asking for directions is important. However, people become confused (困惑的) easily when listening to someone giving directions. So pay careful attention when listening to someone showing directions. For example, he or she may tell you, “Go down the street and turn right at the first crossing. Walk two miles, and then you will find a theater and China Bank is across from the theater.” After listening to someone providing directions in English, are you clear? Here is some advice to help you remember the directions. Be sure to ask the person giving directions to slow down or repeat politely. Repeat each direction the person gives. This will help you remember the names of streets, turns, and crossings. Finally, repeat the whole set of directions again. Of course, remember to be polite when you ask for directions. Here come two tips: Use greetings and polite expressions. Starting the conversation with a greeting is a must, like “Good afternoon!” or “Hello! May I ask for some help?” Remember to finish with expressions such as “Thank you!” or “Have a nice day!” Use modal verbs (情态动词). For example, it sounds more polite to say, “Excuse me, would you like to tell me the way to Xinhua Bookstore?” But it sounds impolite if you say, “Tell me the way to Xinhua Bookstore.” 1．What should we do when we listen to someone giving directions? 2．Where is the China Bank according to the first paragraph? 3．What is the first chart (图表) about? 4．According to the passage, how to be polite when people ask for directions? 5．How can you ask the way if you want to go to the washroom? Passage 13 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下列问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 The People’s Republic of China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in October, 2019. China held its largest military parade(阅兵仪式) in Tian’anmen Square on October 1st. People from home and abroad watched the military parade through different ways. They were all surprised at China’s progress. Looking back at the past, the great changes have taken place in China. In the past, most people lived a hard life. Many people died of wars and hunger. Generations(几代人) of the family ever lived in a very small house. Usually, children couldn’t have their own rooms and the younger seldom had new clothes. During the 1960s to 1970s, China fell far behind because of many kinds of reasons. However, in 1978, China started to carry out the reform(改革) and opening-up policy(政策). It was an important turning point for Chinese people. Since then, China has developed rapidly. Now, people’s life is very different from that in the past. The country tries its best to help poor areas so that all Chinese people can live a good and happy life. China also pays great attention to compulsory(义务的) education. Everything is changing in a surprising way. So we have very good reasons to believe that China’s future will be better and better. 1．Why was the largest military parade held in Tian’anmen Square on October 1st, 2019? 2．How did people from home and abroad feel about China’s progress? 3．What did many people in China die of in the past? 4．When did China start to carry out the reform and opening-up policy? 5．What does China also pay great attention to now? Passage 14 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Studying in groups is helpful to our study. It becomes popular in class and has many good sides. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups. I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teacher asked us to discuss questions with each other. Because I was very shy (腼腆的), I could not do it like what he told me. My physics teacher encouraged me to face others and talk with someone else. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand any questions, they could give me some suggestions and I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was! Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about physics learning any more. With my classmates’ help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So let’s study more in groups. 1．How was the writer’s physics when he was in Grade 8? 2．Why couldn’t the writer discuss questions with others at first? 3．What did the writer’s physics teacher encourage him to do in class? 4．How did the writer feel after finishing his homework by himself? 5．Do you like studying in groups? Why or why not? Passage 15 Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. Chinese clay (黏土) art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished before being painted well. It takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. 回答下面五题，每个问题答案不超过6个词。 1．What do the traditional art forms show? 2．Who first used sky lanterns in Chinese history? 3．What do you need for paper cutting? 4．Where is paper cutting often seen? 5．How many steps are needed to complete a clay piece? Passage 16 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Where do the colors of your clothes come from? The answer is dye（染料）. The clothes we wear these days are mainly dyed with chemicals in factories. But in the past, people did this by hand and the dyes often came from plants. In 2006, the tie-dye technique（扎染技艺）was added to China’s national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）list. Yang Cheng, 52, is the inheritor（传承人）of tie-dye in An’ning, Yunnan. He learned the skill from his mother in the 1980s. And he has passed it down to his daughter. Yang has known about all the old skills of tie-dye. To tie-dye, you first need to use threads（线）to tie your cloth together. Then you put the cloth into the dye. As the cloth is folded（折叠）and dyed, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a lighter color. When you unfold the cloth, you’ll see beautiful patterns. At the same time, Yang has studied tie-dye in other countries, such as Japan, India and France. He also tries to make some creative designs. He once made two sets of tie-dyed wedding dresses. He used almost all the skills of An’ning tie-dye. Some patterns on the dresses are traditional such as small fish roes（鱼卵）, while others are modern. He added Dianchi Lake and eight popular flowers in Yunnan. “Now, Yang teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100,000 people have learned from him,” he said. Some might worry that the machinery dyeing will take the place of tie-dye. But Yang is confident. “At the end of the day, machines can’t replace our creative hands,” Yang said. 1．Where did the dyes of the clothes come from in the past? 2．How long has the tie-dye technique been added to national intangible cultural heritage list? 3．How did Yang Chen learn tie-dye? 4．Are all the patterns of Yang’s tie-dyed wedding dresses traditional? 5．What do you think of Yang Chen? 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题06 阅读回答问题常考话题 Passage 1 1. He was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. 2. He showed great interest in math and science. 3. He read lots of books, did many studies and wrote many important articles on rockets and missiles. 4. It was almost a blank. 5. He was a great, hard-working and selfless scientist. Passage 2 1. In 1979. 2. To help his family. 3. He took over the task and solved the difficult technical problem. 4. He said, "I'm Chinese. My skills belong to my country." 5. We should work hard and love our country. Passage 3 1. Health problems. 2. When a strong wind comes. 3. Forgetful. 4. They will feel best. 5. I feel quiet. Passage 4 1. No one. 2. When rainy or stormy weather is on the way. 3. It will be warm. 4. It will be clear and fine. 5. Yes, they can. Rings around the sun mean coming rain. Passage 5 1. Its tall, strange rocks. 2. Beautiful and magical. 3. Because it is very salty. 4. It has minerals good for skin. 5. realize the beauty of nature Passage 6 1. In Qinghai, China. 2. Because of its wonderful views. 3. From July to August. 4. Sunglasses, a hat, a camera and medicine. 5. Welcome to the Mirror of the Sky! Passage 7 1. It can turn foreign languages into our own language at once. 2. Our respect and trust. 3. It makes our brains lazy. 4. Patience, lifelong learning, creative thinking and careful listening. 5. they cannot take the place of language learning Passage 8 1. Ways to learn English on holidays. 2. Three. 3. Write about your day. 4. Because it rests mind and body. 5. Sing English songs. Passage 9 1. On April 4th, 5th or 6th. 2. To the cemeteries. 3. To enjoy spring and stay with families. 4. Sticky rice and green plants. 5. Yes. It helps us remember ancestors. Passage 10 1. No, it isn't. 2. The Spring Festival. 3. Yes, they do. 4. The characters "fu" and duilian. 5. Red envelopes. Passage 11 1. Before leaving for the trip. 2. Strangers can point directions via the map. 3. Silent film actors. 4. Keep calm. 5. Four. Passage 12 1. Pay careful attention. 2. Across from the theater. 3. Advice to remember directions. 4. Use greetings, polite words and modal verbs. 5. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the washroom? Passage 13 1. To celebrate China's 70th founding anniversary. 2. They felt surprised. 3. Wars and hunger. 4. In 1978. 5. Compulsory education. Passage 14 1. It was very poor. 2. Because he was shy. 3. Face others and talk with them. 4. Excited. 5. Yes. It helps me learn better. Passage 15 1. Important things in life. 2. Zhuge Kongming. 3. Paper and scissors. 4. On windows, doors and walls. 5. Five. Passage 16 1. From plants. 2. For many years. 3. He learned from his mother. 4. No. 5. He is great and creative. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题06 阅读回答问题8大常考话题 话题 1 名人与人物生平 话题 2 日常闲聊与社交礼仪 话题 3 旅行与旅游胜地 话题 4 学习方法与学习习惯 话题 5 节日与传统文化 话题 6 问路与公共场所礼仪 话题 7 成长变化与自我认知 话题 8 物品材质与传统工艺 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 本资料共16篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2篇单元话题专题训练 Passage 1 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下面五个问题。 Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. He is known as the “Father of Chinese Aerospace (航空航天)” and “King of Rocketry” (火箭之王). Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. When he was little, he showed great interest in math and science, which made him different from most children of his age. He entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1929 and finished university at the top of his grade. In 1935, Qian left for the USA for further study. When he stayed there, he read lots of books, did many studies, and wrote a number of important articles on rockets and missiles (导弹). Slowly, he became one of the world’s best scientists in the field of aerospace. When Qian returned to China from the USA in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a blank (空白). He decided to change the situation. In 1956, Qian helped set up the first research center for rockets and missiles. He led his team and organized many programs. He was quite busy but he tried to give classes and talks to college students as often as he could, because he realized the importance of education. He often encouraged them to work hard for China’s development. Thanks to Qian, China’s aerospace technology developed rapidly. Qian died in 2009. He spent all his life developing missiles, rockets and space programs in China. Now his spirit still inspires Chinese people. 1．When and where was Qian Xuesen born? 2．What made him different from most children of his age? 3．What did he do when he stayed in America? 4．What was the situation of China’s space research in 1955? 5．What do you think of Qian Xuesen? 【答案】1．He was born in Shanghai on December 11, 2. 3．When he was little, he showed great interest in math and science. 4．He read lots of books, did many studies, and wrote a number of important articles on rockets and missiles. 5．China’s space research was almost a blank in 6. 7．He was a great, hard-working and selfless scientist. He devoted all his life to China’s aerospace development and his spirit still inspires Chinese people today. 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名科学家钱学森的生平事迹，讲述了他从小对科学的热爱、在美国的求学经历，以及回国后为中国航天和火箭事业做出的巨大贡献，展现了他的爱国精神与奉献精神。 1．第二段第一句直接给出信息“Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.”，属于原文直接信息提取，可直接作答。 2．第二段明确说明“When he was little, he showed great interest in math and science, which made him different from most children of his age.”，直接点明了他与同龄孩子的不同之处，可直接引用作答。 3．第二段提到“When he stayed there, he read lots of books, did many studies, and wrote a number of important articles on rockets and missiles (导弹).”，直接描述了他在美国期间的主要活动，属于原文直接信息提取。 4．第三段开头直接说明“When Qian returned to China from the USA in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a blank.”，这是原文明确给出的信息，可直接提取作答。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。可结合钱学森的爱国精神、对科学的热爱、无私奉献等角度作答，言之有理即可。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Born in 1979, Hong Jiaguang grew up in a poor family in a village in Liaoning. Though his parents struggled to make ends meet, young Hong loved taking apart old radios and machines to see how they worked. Sometimes this made his parents upset, but nothing could stop his passion (激情). When Hong finished middle school, he chose a vocational (职业的) school instead of an ordinary high school to help his family. At the vocational school, he studied hard day and night. His hard work paid off. Later, Hong got an important technical (技术的) job at Shenyang Liming Aviation Engine Co., Ltd. He became known as the most hard-working and the best worker there. One day, when his master (师傅) got sick during a big project, Hong bravely took over the challenging task. After weeks’ hard work, he solved a difficult technical problem, saving the company’s project. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was named “The National Model Worker”, and he was awarded “China’s No. 1 Polishing Craftsman”. In 2019, an airline company in the USA offered Hong $10 million yearly to work there. But Hong refused, saying firmly, “I’m Chinese. My skills belong to my country.” His choice showed deep love for his motherland, China. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．When was Hong Jiaguang born? 2．Why did Hong choose a vocational school after middle school? 3．What did Hong do when his master got sick? 4．What did Hong say when he refused the American offer? 5．What can you learn from Hong Jiaguang’s story? 【答案】1．In 2./He was born in 3. 4．To help his family./Because he wanted to help his family. 5．He bravely took over the challenging task and solved a difficult technical problem. 6．He said, “I’m Chinese. My skills belong to my country.” 7．I learn that I should work hard. 【导语】本文讲述了“大国工匠”洪家光的成长故事，他出身贫困，凭借对机械的热爱、刻苦钻研，成为优秀技术工人，拒绝美国高薪邀约，深爱着自己的祖国。 1．文中提到“Born in 1979, Hong Jiaguang grew up in a poor family in a village in Liaoning”，说明洪家光出生于1979年。 2．文中提到“When Hong finished middle school, he chose a vocational school instead of an ordinary high school to help his family”，说明洪家光选择职业学校是为了帮助家庭。 3．文中提到“One day, when his master got sick during a big project, Hong bravely took over the challenging task. After weeks’ hard work, he solved a difficult technical problem…”，说明师傅生病时，洪家光勇敢接手了这项具有挑战性的工作并解决了一个技术难题。 4．文中提到“But Hong refused, saying firmly, “I’m Chinese. My skills belong to my country.””，说明洪家光拒绝美国邀约时说：“我是中国人。我的技能属于我的国家。” 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，回答合理即可。 Passage 3 回答问题，答案不超过10个词 Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence (智力)and feelings. In August,it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, the IQ of a group of students was very high when a strong wind came,but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. People feel best at a temperature of about 18°C． Are you feeling sad, tired,forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What can hot and wet weather cause? 2．When may people have higher intelligence? 3．How may low air pressure make people feel? 4．What will happen to people in “good weather” of 18°C? 5．How do you feel on a rainy day? 【答案】1．Health problems. 2．When a strong wind comes. 3．Forgetful. 4．They will feel best. 5．I feel sad and quiet. 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的天气会影响人们的健康、智力和情绪，介绍了各类天气对人产生的不同具体影响。 1．首段第四句直接说明湿热天气会引发人们的“health problems”，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段第二句明确指出当“a strong wind comes”时人们的智商更高，答案是原文具体信息。 3．第四段第一句直接给出低气压会让人们变得“forgetful”，答案是原文直接引述。 4．第四段第三句直接说明在18℃的天气里人们“feel best”，答案是原文直接信息。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合自身在雨天的感受作答即可，需符合词数要求。 Passage 4 No one can change the weather. Nobody can control (控制) the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell what important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like in the following one or two days is called the weather forecast. For many centuries and in all countries, people studied the weather and tried to make a weather forecast. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground when rainy or stormy weather is on the way. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather continues. If fog appears in the morning just above a river, then it will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then it is fine the following day. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, the weather will become clear and fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, the rainy weather may come soon. People can use their eyes and brains to make a weather forecast by different natural signs. 1．Who can control the weather？ 2．When do some birds fly near the ground？ 3．How will the weather be if fog appears just above a river in the morning? 4．What will the weather be like if you see a rainbow during the rainy weather? 5．Can people make a weather forecast by natural signs? Please give an example from the text. 【答案】1．No one. 2．When rainy or stormy weather is on the way. 3．It will be warm. 4．It will be clear and fine. 5．Yes, they can. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们通过观察自然现象预测天气的方法，以及一些常见的天气预兆。 1．根据第一段中“No one can change the weather. Nobody can control (控制) the weather.（没有人能改变天气。没有人能控制天气。）”可知，没有人能控制天气。故填No one. 2．根据第二段中“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground when rainy or stormy weather is on the way.（如果天气好,有些鸟会飞得很高,但当下雨或暴风雨天气即将来临时,它们会飞得离地面很近。）”可知，当雨天或暴风雨天气来临时,一些鸟会飞得离地面近。故填When rainy or stormy weather is on the way. 3．根据第二段中“If fog appears in the morning just above a river, then it will be warm.（如果早晨河流上方出现雾,那么天气就会很暖和。）”可知，如果早晨河面上有雾,天气会变暖。故填It will be warm. 4．根据第二段中“If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, the weather will become clear and fine.（如果你在雨天看到彩虹,天气就会变得晴朗。）”可知，雨天出现彩虹意味着天气将转晴。故填It will be clear and fine. 5．根据第三段“People can use their eyes and brains to make a weather forecast by different natural signs.（人们可以用眼睛和大脑根据不同的自然信号做出天气预报。）”可知，人们可以通过自然现象预测天气。根据第二段中“Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain.（太阳周围的光环是即将下雨的信号。）”可知，太阳周围的光环是即将下雨的信号。故填Yes, they can. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Passage 5 Nature is full of wonderful sights that never fail to amaze us. From the highest mountains to the deepest oceans, every natural wonder tells a story of nature’s power and beauty. Last year, I had the chance to visit two amazing natural wonders, and the experience changed my view of nature. The first wonder I visited was the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. The rocks are covered with green plants, and when the mist comes, the park looks like a fairyland. I walked along the path and enjoyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery. I also saw many monkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full of life. This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is. The second natural wonder I visited was the Dead Sea. Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it. When you go into the water, you can float (漂浮) easily without swimming. My parents and I floated in the water and took many photos. I also learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are good for our skin. This experience taught me that nature has many surprises waiting for us to explore. Visiting these natural wonders was a great experience. It made me _______. I hope everyone can have the chance to explore nature’s wonders and learn to protect our beautiful planet. 1．What is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park famous for? 2．What did the writer think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? 3．Why can people float easily in the Dead Sea? 4．What other specials does the Dead Sea have besides being very salty? 5．Complete the sentence in Para. 4 with proper words. (用合适的单词补全第4自然段的句子) 【答案】1．It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest. 2．The writer thought it was beautiful and magical. 3．Because the Dead Sea is so salty. 4．It has special minerals that are good for our skin. 5．realize the importance of protecting nature（答案不唯一，合理即可 ） 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者去年参观张家界国家森林公园和死海这两大自然奇观的经历，以及这些经历对作者看待自然的观点产生的影响，强调了探索自然奇观和保护地球的重要性。 1．第二段明确提到“The first wonder I visited was the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is famous for its tall, strange rocks that stand straight in the forest.”，所以答案是原文直接信息，即它以森林中直立的又高又奇怪的岩石而闻名。 2．第二段中“This visit made me realize how beautiful and magical nature is.”表明作者认为张家界国家森林公园美丽且神奇，这是根据文中作者参观后的感受总结得出的。 3．第三段指出“Unlike other seas, the Dead Sea is so salty that no fish can live in it. When you go into the water, you can float (漂浮) easily without swimming.”，说明因为死海非常咸，所以人们能轻易漂浮，这是从原文中直接提取关键信息得出的答案。 4．第三段提到“I also learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are good for our skin.”，表明除了非常咸之外，死海还有对皮肤有益的特殊矿物质，这是从原文中直接获取的信息。 5．开放题，答案不唯一。根据前文作者参观自然奇观的经历以及后文希望每个人能有机会探索自然奇观并学会保护地球，可知此处可填与意识到保护自然的重要性相关的内容，比如“realize the importance of protecting nature” ，只要合理即可。 Passage 6 Chaka Salt Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai, China. It is about 3,100 meters above sea level and covers about 105 square kilometers. It is rich in salt, with a heavy salt bed close to the lake surface. This allows the lake to supply large quantities of salt for our country. On a clear day, the lake offers the beautiful reflection (倒影) of the blue sky. That is why people call it “Mirror of the Sky”. Because of its wonderful views, people see the lake as one of the “must-go” places in China. The beautiful sunrise and sunset views are the most attractive. Every July, large numbers of visitors begin to crowd into Chaka Salt Lake. And the situation usually lasts until the end of August. They just don’t want to miss the best time to go there. It is believed that with the summer breeze (微风), breathing in the salty air is especially good for health. If you want to go on a trip to the lake, the following advice may be helpful. ◆Do not eat the salt in the lake directly. ◆Wear sunglasses and a hat to protect you from the strong sunshine. ◆You can’t help taking photos, so you’d better take your camera with you. ◆Prepare some medicine for the weak and the elderly to deal with altitude sickness. When you travel to such a beautiful world of salt with snowy mountains and green grass around, you will feel like you are in a fairyland. 1．Where is Chaka Salt Lake? 2．Why is Chaka Salt Lake a “must-go” place in China? 3．When is the best time to visit Chaka Salt Lake? 4．According to the advice, what should we prepare for the trip? 5．Write an advertisement (广告) for Chaka Salt Lake. 【答案】1．In Qinghai, China. 2．Because its views are wonderful./Because of its wonderful views. 3．From July to August./In July and August./July and August 4．Sunglasses, a hat, a camera, and some medicine. 5．Come and enjoy "Mirror of the Sky" here! Chaka Salt Lake is waiting for you! (答案不唯一） 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国青海茶卡盐湖的地理位置、海拔面积、盐湖特色与 “天空之镜” 的美誉，点明最佳游览时节，并给出出行游玩的相关建议，最后赞美其美景如同仙境。 1．文章首句直接点明“Chaka Salt Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai, China.”，可直接提取原文地点信息作答。 2．第一段末尾“Because of its wonderful views, people see the lake as one of the ‘must-go’ places in China.”，依据原文因果句即可得出答案。 3．第二段第二、三句提到“Every July… lasts until the end of August.”，由此概括出最佳游玩时间为七月到八月。 4．文中四条出行建议依次提到太阳镜、帽子、相机以及常备药品，整合罗列这些物品即为答案。 5．文中把茶卡盐湖称作“Mirror of the Sky（天空之镜）”，又描写风景绝美、像仙境一般。答题时紧扣文章美称和景点名称，用邀请句式号召大家前来游玩，句式简洁、贴合广告语气即可，本答案紧扣原文关键词，符合题目要求。 Passage 7 Are Translation Earbuds (翻译耳塞) Good for Us? Nowadays, you can easily buy cheap translation earbuds online for less than ten dollars. They can translate many languages in real time. When you wear them, they can turn foreign languages into your own language at once. They are very helpful when talking with people from other countries, and some even say the translations are 99% accurate (准确的). They seem really amazing. However, language experts warn that translation is not the same as learning a language. These earbuds can help in short conversations, but they can never take the place of language learning. Learning a language shows our respect and trust to others. It also helps us see the world from others’ views and build deeper relationships with different cultures. Besides, using AI translation too much makes our brains lazy, just like using AI for writing. We may get the answers easily and quickly, but we also stop thinking hard. Learning a language is difficult, but it teaches us important skills, such as patience, lifelong learning, creative thinking and careful listening. These are exactly the abilities people need in the AI age. Translation earbuds bring convenience (方便), but ________. Taking the easy way may make us lose more important things that only language learning can bring. 1．What can translation earbuds do when wear them? 2．What does learning a language show others? 3．What’s the result of using AI translation too much? 4．List skills that language learning can teach people. 5．Complete the sentence with proper words. 【答案】1．They can turn foreign languages into your own language at once. 2．It shows our respect and trust to others. 3．It makes our brains lazy./Our brains become lazy. 4．Patience, lifelong learning, creative thinking and careful listening. 5．they can never take the place of language learning. / we should think twice/we should think carefully. (开放性试题,表述规范,言之有理即可) 【导语】本文介绍了翻译耳塞的便捷功能，同时指出专家认为它无法替代真正的语言学习，过度使用还会让人动脑变少，强调学习语言能培养多种重要能力，提醒人们不应过度依赖AI翻译工具。 1．根据第二段第三句“When you wear them, they can turn foreign languages into your own language at once.”，答案是后半句，直接提取。 2．根据第三段“Learning a language shows our respect and trust to others.”可知，答案可以表达为“It shows our respect and trust to others.”。 3．根据第四段开头“Besides, using AI translation too much makes our brains lazy, just like using AI for writing.”可知，使用太多AI翻译会使我们的大脑变懒惰。故答案可表述为“It makes our brains lazy./Our brains become lazy.”。 4．根据第四段“Learning a language is difficult, but it teaches us important skills, such as patience, lifelong learning, creative thinking and careful listening.”可知，学习语言可以教会人们耐心、终身学习、创造性思维和认真倾听。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。需结合文章内容并体现逻辑上的转折，合理作答即可。 Passage 8 任务型阅读。 Holidays are a wonderful time to spend with friends and family, eating and sharing stories. And if you are celebrating at home, waiting at airports or spending time on trains, buses or cars, you can learn English. Here are some ideas to learn English over the holidays. Podcast (播客) Listening to the podcast will help to understand spoken English and keep you knowing the information. If you finish a program, tell someone what you have learned. Tell them about an interesting story in English. Conversation When traveling, it is not unusual to see people from other countries who are also waiting or visiting a new place. If you hear someone asking for information in English, you should help them in English. A friendly conversation is usually welcome as travelers share their experiences. Writing about your day Writing about your day is a great way to practice your English writing. Using English to describe how you spent your holiday will help you to put new words to use and make you remember them longer. I hope you will enjoy your holiday this year, as a holiday is to rest your mind and body. Then you can go back to your regular life and be ready to see what comes next 1．What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words) 2．How many ways of learning English does the writer tell us? 3．What should you do to practice your English writing? 4．Why does the writer hope you will enjoy your holiday this year? 5．Give another way to learn English. （文中提到的除外） 【答案】1．Ideas to learn English during the holidays. 2．Three. 3．Write about your day. 4．Because a holiday is to rest your mind and body. 5．Read English books or newspapers. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三种在假期中学习英语的实用方法，并强调了假期休息的重要性。 1．根据第一段中“Here are some ideas to learn English over the holidays.”可知，本文主要介绍在假期中学习英语的实用方法。故填Ideas to learn English during the holidays. 2．根据“Podcast (播客)”、“Conversation”和“Writing about your day”可知，作者主要介绍了三种在假期中学习英语的实用方法，分别是听播客、对话以及写日记。故填Three. 3．根据第四段中“Writing about your day is a great way to practice your English writing.”可知，写日记是练习英语写作的好方法。故填Write about your day. 4．根据最后一段中“I hope you will enjoy your holiday this year, as a holiday is to rest your mind and body.”可知，作者希望你能享受今年的假期，因为假期能让你的身心得到休息。故填Because a holiday is to rest your mind and body. 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为Read English books or newspapers. Passage 9 Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional festival for Chinese people to remember their family members who have passed away. It usually comes on April 4th, 5th or 6th. And it has a long history of over 2,500 years. The weather during this time is often warm but rainy, with flowers coming out and grass turning green. On this day, families go to the cemeteries (公墓). They clean the tombs (坟墓) and place fresh flowers to honor their ancestors (祖先). Some also bring food or drinks to share with their ancestors. Even though people feel sad, this activity helps them keep in touch with their family history. Besides tomb-sweeping, there is another tradition during the Qingming Festival called “stepping on the green”. There are many activities such as going hiking, flying kites, or having picnics in the countryside. People like stepping on the green because it’s a great chance for them to enjoy the warm spring and have fun with their families. A special food for Qingming is Qingtuan (a kind of green rice balls). It is made of sticky rice and green plants. The green colour stands for the freshness of spring. All in all, Qingming Festival is both a day of remembering and joy. It teaches people to respect their roots while enjoying the beauty of nature. 根据语篇内容，回答下列问题。 1．When does Qingming Festival usually come? 2．Where do families usually go to honor their ancestors on Qingming Festival? 3．Why do people have the tradition of “stepping on the green” during Qingming Festival? 4．What is Qingtuan made of? 5．Do you think Qingming Festival is an important festival? Why or why not? 【答案】1．On April 4th, 5th or 6th. / It usually comes on April 4th, 5th or 6th. 2．To the cemeteries. / They usually go to the cemeteries. 3．Because it’s a great chance for them to enjoy the warm spring and have fun with their families. 4．Sticky rice and green plants. / It is made of sticky rice and green plants. 5．Yes, I think so. Because it teaches people to respect their roots. / Because it helps people remember their ancestors and family history. (回答言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了清明节的时间、扫墓和踏青等传统习俗、特色食物青团以及节日的文化意义。 1．根据文章第1段“It usually comes on April 4th, 5th or 6th.”可直接得出清明节的时间。 2．根据文章第2段“On this day, families go to the cemeteries.”可知在这一天人们会去扫墓，所以祭奠祖先去的是墓地。 3．根据文章第3段“People like stepping on the green because it’s a great chance for them to enjoy the warm spring and have fun with their families.”可知人们喜欢踏青，因为这对他们来说是享受温暖春天和与家人同乐的好机会。答案是原文直接信息。 4．根据文章第4段“It is made of sticky rice and green plants.”直接得出青团的原料。 5．这是一道开放性试题，你可以根据自己的真实想法来回答。只要言之有理，且语法正确即可。 Passage 10 The most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the west. The dates for this annual (每年的) celebration vary (变化) from late January to early February. To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar (阴历的) New Year’s Day and ends on the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival. Before the Spring Festival, the people usually clean and decorate their houses, put the characters (汉字) “fu” and “duilian” on the doors or windows, and hang the lanterns. All family members get together on the evening before the Spring Festival to have a big meal. People will also light crackers and fireworks and make dumplings when they watch the Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会) together. During the festival, we always visit our relatives from door to door. The elders usually give the children red envelopes. 根据短文内容回答下列各题。请将你的答案写在下列各题的横线上 1．Is Christmas Day as important as the Spring Festival in China? . 2．Which is more important in China, the Spring Festival or the Lantern Festival? . 3．Do the people in China clean the houses before the Spring Festival? . 4．What do the people put on the doors or windows during the Spring Festival? . 5．What do the elders give the children? . 【答案】1．No, it isn’t 2．The Spring Festival 3．Yes, they do 4．The characters “fu” and duilian 5．Red envelopes 【导语】本文是一篇介绍中国春节的说明文，主要讲述了春节的地位、时间范围、节前准备、除夕习俗以及节日期间的走亲访友等传统活动。 1．文中第一段提到“The most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the west.”，说明春节对中国人的重要性等同于圣诞节对西方人的重要性，而非圣诞节在中国和春节一样重要，因此答案是否定的。 2．文中第一段提到“The most important holiday in China is the Spring Festival.”，表明春节是中国最重要的节日。 3．文中第三段明确提到“Before the Spring Festival, the people usually clean and decorate their houses”，直接说明中国人会在春节前打扫房屋，因此答案是肯定的。 4．文中第三段提到“put the characters ‘fu’ and ‘duilian’ on the doors or windows”，直接给出了春节期间人们贴在门窗上的物品。 5．文中最后一段提到“The elders usually give the children red envelopes”，直接说明长辈会给孩子们红包。 Passage 11 回答问题。 You are on the street in New York and need to get to the nearest subway. Or you’re in Beijing and trying to find the bus to take you to the Great Wall. These should all be easy. But if you aren’t sure where you are and can’t speak the foreign language, it can be an embarrassing (令人尴尬的) experience. There are some suggestions that can help you ask for directions. Know where you are. If you do a bit of work before you leave for your trip, you can know where you are clearly. Take some maps. If you worry about your pronunciation when asking for directions, it is useful to carry a map. That’s because a stranger can point you in the right direction. He can see where exactly you are going through the map. Use body language. Often, travelers have to be silent (无声的) film actors when asking for directions. It sounds silly, but using your hands, fingers and facial expressions can make strangers understand where you want to go. Don’t get worried. Whether you are in Tokyo or Berlin, you might have trouble asking for directions. You should keep calm when you are in trouble. Believe you’ll find your way finally. 1．When should we do a bit of work about the place we plan to visit? 2．Why is it useful to carry a map when we worry about our pronunciation? 3．What are travelers like when asking for directions? 4．What should we do when we have trouble asking for directions? 5．How many suggestions are there in the passage? 【答案】1．Before leaving for the trip. 2．Because a stranger can point you in the right direction through the map. 3．Silent film actors. 4．We should keep calm. 5．Four. 【导语】本文介绍了在不熟悉且语言不通的地方问路的尴尬处境，并给出了一些问路的建议。 1．根据“Know where you are. If you do a bit of work before you leave for your trip, you can know where you are clearly.”可知，应该在旅行前对计划去的地方做些了解。故填Before leaving for the trip. 2．根据“If you worry about your pronunciation when asking for directions, it is useful to carry a map. That’s because a stranger can point you in the right direction. He can see where exactly you are going through the map.”可知，担心发音时带地图有用是因为陌生人可以通过地图指出正确方向。故填Because a stranger can point you in the right direction through the map. 3．根据“Often, travelers have to be silent (无声的) film actors when asking for directions.”可知，旅行者在问路时就像无声电影演员。故填Silent film actors. 4．根据“Don’t get worried. Whether you are in Tokyo or Berlin, you might have trouble asking for directions. You should keep calm when you are in trouble. Believe you’ll find your way finally.”可知，问路有困难时应保持冷静。故填We should keep calm. 5．根据“Know where you are”“Take some maps”“Use body language”“Don’t get worried”给出建议，共4条。故填Four. Passage 12 Asking for directions is important. However, people become confused (困惑的) easily when listening to someone giving directions. So pay careful attention when listening to someone showing directions. For example, he or she may tell you, “Go down the street and turn right at the first crossing. Walk two miles, and then you will find a theater and China Bank is across from the theater.” After listening to someone providing directions in English, are you clear? Here is some advice to help you remember the directions. Be sure to ask the person giving directions to slow down or repeat politely. Repeat each direction the person gives. This will help you remember the names of streets, turns, and crossings. Finally, repeat the whole set of directions again. Of course, remember to be polite when you ask for directions. Here come two tips: Use greetings and polite expressions. Starting the conversation with a greeting is a must, like “Good afternoon!” or “Hello! May I ask for some help?” Remember to finish with expressions such as “Thank you!” or “Have a nice day!” Use modal verbs (情态动词). For example, it sounds more polite to say, “Excuse me, would you like to tell me the way to Xinhua Bookstore?” But it sounds impolite if you say, “Tell me the way to Xinhua Bookstore.” 1．What should we do when we listen to someone giving directions? 2．Where is the China Bank according to the first paragraph? 3．What is the first chart (图表) about? 4．According to the passage, how to be polite when people ask for directions? 5．How can you ask the way if you want to go to the washroom? 【答案】1．We should pay careful attention. 2．China Bank/It is across from the theater. 3．It is about some advice to help (us) remember the directions. 4．By using greeting, polite expressions and modal verbs. 5．Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?/Excuse me, would you like to tell me the way to the nearest washroom? 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了帮助记住方向的建议和礼貌问路的建议。 1．根据“So pay careful attention when listening to someone showing directions.”可知，听别人指路时要仔细听。故填We should pay careful attention. 2．根据“...China Bank is across from the theater”可知，中国银行在剧院对面。故填China Bank/It is across from the theater. 3．根据“Here is some advice to help you remember the directions.”可知，这里有一些建议可以帮助我们记住方向。故填It’s about the advice to help (us) remember the directions. 4．根据“Use greetings and polite expressions.”和“Use modal verbs.”可知，问路的时候使用问候语和礼貌用语，使用情态动词。故填By using greetings, polite expressions and modal verbs. 5．本题答案不唯一，言之有理即可。根据文章最后两段可知，问路的时候使用问候语、礼貌用语、情态动词。故填Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?/Excuse me, would you like to tell me the way to the nearest washroom? Passage 13 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下列问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 The People’s Republic of China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in October, 2019. China held its largest military parade(阅兵仪式) in Tian’anmen Square on October 1st. People from home and abroad watched the military parade through different ways. They were all surprised at China’s progress. Looking back at the past, the great changes have taken place in China. In the past, most people lived a hard life. Many people died of wars and hunger. Generations(几代人) of the family ever lived in a very small house. Usually, children couldn’t have their own rooms and the younger seldom had new clothes. During the 1960s to 1970s, China fell far behind because of many kinds of reasons. However, in 1978, China started to carry out the reform(改革) and opening-up policy(政策). It was an important turning point for Chinese people. Since then, China has developed rapidly. Now, people’s life is very different from that in the past. The country tries its best to help poor areas so that all Chinese people can live a good and happy life. China also pays great attention to compulsory(义务的) education. Everything is changing in a surprising way. So we have very good reasons to believe that China’s future will be better and better. 1．Why was the largest military parade held in Tian’anmen Square on October 1st, 2019? 2．How did people from home and abroad feel about China’s progress? 3．What did many people in China die of in the past? 4．When did China start to carry out the reform and opening-up policy? 5．What does China also pay great attention to now? 【答案】1．Because the People’s Republic of China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in October, 2. 3．They were all surprised. 4．Many people died of wars and hunger. 5．In 6. 7．Compulsory education. 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了和过去相比，中国发生了巨大的变化。 1．根据“The People’s Republic of China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in October, 2019. China held its largest military parade(阅兵仪式) in Tian’anmen Square on October 1st.” 可知举办阅兵式是为了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年，故填Because the People’s Republic of China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in October, 2019. 2．根据“They were all surprised at China’s progress.”可知世界各地的人都对于中国的进步感到惊讶，故填They were all surprised. 3．根据“In the past, most people lived a hard life. Many people died of wars and hunger.” 可知过去很多人死于战争和饥饿，故填Many people died of wars and hunger. 4．根据“However, in 1978, China started to carry out the reform(改革) and opening-up policy(政策).”可知1978年中国实施了改革开放政策，故填In 1978. 5．根据“China also pays great attention to compulsory(义务的) education.” 可知中国现在也很重视义务教育，故填Compulsory education. Passage 14 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Studying in groups is helpful to our study. It becomes popular in class and has many good sides. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups. I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teacher asked us to discuss questions with each other. Because I was very shy (腼腆的), I could not do it like what he told me. My physics teacher encouraged me to face others and talk with someone else. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand any questions, they could give me some suggestions and I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was! Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about physics learning any more. With my classmates’ help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So let’s study more in groups. 1．How was the writer’s physics when he was in Grade 8? 2．Why couldn’t the writer discuss questions with others at first? 3．What did the writer’s physics teacher encourage him to do in class? 4．How did the writer feel after finishing his homework by himself? 5．Do you like studying in groups? Why or why not? 【答案】1．His physics was (very) poor. 2．Because he was very shy. 3．Face others and talk with someone else. 4．Excited. 5．Yes. Because it can give me more chances to improve myself in many ways./No. Because I like teaching myself better. (言之成理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过亲身经历说明小组学习如何帮助他克服物理学习困难。 1．根据原文“I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor”可知，作者八年级的时候，物理学得很差。故填His physics was (very) poor. 2．根据原文“Because I was very shy (腼腆的), I could not do it like what he told me”可知，作者最初不敢参加讨论的原因是他很腼腆。故填Because he was very shy. 3．根据原文“My physics teacher encouraged me to face others and talk with someone else”可知，作者的物理老师鼓励作者面对别人，和别人交谈。故填Face others and talk with someone else. 4．根据原文“Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time.  How excited I was!”可知，作者第一次自己完成了作业后，他感到很兴奋。故填Excited. 5．本题为主观题，无标准答案，学生言之成理即可。故参考答案为Yes. Because it can give me more chances to improve myself in many ways./No. Because I like teaching myself better. Passage 15 Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. Chinese clay (黏土) art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished before being painted well. It takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. 回答下面五题，每个问题答案不超过6个词。 1．What do the traditional art forms show? 2．Who first used sky lanterns in Chinese history? 3．What do you need for paper cutting? 4．Where is paper cutting often seen? 5．How many steps are needed to complete a clay piece? 【答案】1．Important things in life. 2．Zhuge Kongming. 3．Paper and scissors. 4．On windows, doors and walls. 5．5/Five. 【导语】本文介绍了孔明灯、剪纸、中国泥塑艺术等传统艺术形式。 1．根据“These usually try to show the things that are important in life...”可知，它们通常试图展示生活中重要的事情，故填Important things in life. 2．根据“According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming”可知，孔明灯是诸葛孔明首创的。故填Zhuge Kongming. 3．根据“ The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. ”可推断，剪纸时需要的是纸和剪刀，故填Paper and scissors. 4．根据“ During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.”可知，在春节期间，它们被贴在窗户、门和墙上，作为祝福好运和新年快乐的象征，故填On windows, doors and walls. 5．根据“The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished before being painted well. It takes several weeks to complete everything.”可知，要经历手工塑形——风干——高温烧制——打磨——上色，5个步骤。故填5/Five。 Passage 16 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Where do the colors of your clothes come from? The answer is dye（染料）. The clothes we wear these days are mainly dyed with chemicals in factories. But in the past, people did this by hand and the dyes often came from plants. In 2006, the tie-dye technique（扎染技艺）was added to China’s national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）list. Yang Cheng, 52, is the inheritor（传承人）of tie-dye in An’ning, Yunnan. He learned the skill from his mother in the 1980s. And he has passed it down to his daughter. Yang has known about all the old skills of tie-dye. To tie-dye, you first need to use threads（线）to tie your cloth together. Then you put the cloth into the dye. As the cloth is folded（折叠）and dyed, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a lighter color. When you unfold the cloth, you’ll see beautiful patterns. At the same time, Yang has studied tie-dye in other countries, such as Japan, India and France. He also tries to make some creative designs. He once made two sets of tie-dyed wedding dresses. He used almost all the skills of An’ning tie-dye. Some patterns on the dresses are traditional such as small fish roes（鱼卵）, while others are modern. He added Dianchi Lake and eight popular flowers in Yunnan. “Now, Yang teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100,000 people have learned from him,” he said. Some might worry that the machinery dyeing will take the place of tie-dye. But Yang is confident. “At the end of the day, machines can’t replace our creative hands,” Yang said. 1．Where did the dyes of the clothes come from in the past? 2．How long has the tie-dye technique been added to national intangible cultural heritage list? 3．How did Yang Chen learn tie-dye? 4．Are all the patterns of Yang’s tie-dyed wedding dresses traditional? 5．What do you think of Yang Chen? 【答案】1．They come from plants. 2．For 16 years. 3．He learned the skill from his mother and studied in other countries. 4．No. 5．Great. 【导语】本文主要介绍了被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录的扎染技术，以及该技艺传人杨成。 1．根据“But in the past, people did this by hand - and the dyes often came from plants”可知过去染料通常来自植物。故填They come from plants. 2．根据“In 2006, the tie-dye technique（扎染技艺）was added to China’s national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）list.”可知2006年，扎染技术被列入中国国家非物质文化遗产，如今是2022年，所以已经有16年了。故填For 16 years. 3．根据“He learned the skill from his mother in the 1980s.”以及“At the same time, Yang has studied tie-dye in other countries, such as Japan, India and France. He also tries to make some creative designs.”可知他从母亲那里学会了这项技能，并在其他国家学习。故填He learned the skill from his mother and studied in other countries. 4．根据“ Some patterns on the dresses are traditional such as small fish roes（鱼卵）, while others are modern. He added Dianchi Lake and eight popular flowers in Yunnan”可知杨的扎染婚纱的图案有传统的，也有现代的，所以应作否定回答。故填No. 5．开放性作答，结合文章，言之有理即可。参考答案为Great. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $