专题04 七选五（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦七选五题型，按“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题分类，精选18篇期末真题，系统覆盖高中英语核心语篇类型，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人与自我|6篇（如极简主义、自我反思）|考查段落主旨与过渡句，侧重个人成长话题|从个人生活方式到心理认知，构建“自我认知-行为调整”逻辑链| |人与社会|6篇（如科技与教育、跨文化沟通）|聚焦社会现象与观点衔接，强调逻辑连贯性|围绕社会发展与文化互动，形成“现象分析-影响探讨”框架| |人与自然|6篇（如宠物益处、海洋资源）|注重说明性语篇的信息匹配，突出因果关系|以自然环境与人类活动为核心，构建“资源利用-可持续发展”脉络|

专题04 七选五（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 人与自我（6篇） Passage 1 1.G 2.A 3.F 4.C 5.D Passage 2 1.E 2.G 3.C 4.F 5.D Passage 3 1.C 2.D 3.E 4.F 5.A Passage 4 1.C 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.A Passage 5 1.D 2.G 3.F 4.C 5.B Passage 6 1.C 2.F 3.G 4.A 5.D 语篇类型二: 人与社会（6篇） Passage 1 1.F 2.A 3.D 4.E 5.G Passage 2 1.F 2.C 3.B 4.G 5.A Passage 3 1.C 2.A 3.E 4.G 5.F Passage 4 1.D 2.F 3.A 4.C 5.G Passage 5 1.G 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.B Passage 6 1.D 2.E 3.C 4.G 5.A 语篇类型三: 人与自然（6篇） Passage 1 1.F 2.D 3.C 4.G 5.A Passage 2 1.G 2.B 3.F 4.A 5.C Passage 3 1.A 2.G 3.C 4.B 5.F Passage 4 1.G 2.B 3.F 4.D 5.A Passage 5 1.F 2.B 3.G 4.E 5.C Passage 6 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.G 5.E Passage 1（25-26高二下·河北廊坊·期中） 1.D 2.F 3.A 4.E 5.G Passage 2（2026·安徽·三模） 1.D 2.E 3.C 4.B 5.F Passage 3（25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中） 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.F 5.E 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 七选五（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 人与自我（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东汕尾·期末）When I embraced minimalism ten years ago, I transformed from someone buried in clutter (杂乱) and busyness to a carefree traveler with a single backpack. 1 It was then that I came to realize the advantages of minimalist living. 2 With fewer possessions, you spend less time cleaning and organizing, gaining more hours for meaningful relationships. As shown in a 2009 study, clutter raises cortisol levels (皮质醇水平), while a tidy space calms our minds — and thus sharpens focus and productivity. Though minimalism might sound restrictive at first, it actually creates space for what truly matters. 3 In reality, it’s about removing what doesn’t add value to your life, making room for what does. The goal isn’t deprivation (剥夺) but intentionality — you may begin by evaluating your belongings with three questions: Do I use it? Do I love it? Do I need it? If an item fails all three, let it go. 4 You may apply the same principle to relationships. Surround yourself only with people who inspire and uplift you. Keep a gratitude journal to clarify priorities. 5 While some responsibilities can’t be avoided, prioritize your own well-being where possible. Minimalism isn’t about sacrifice (牺牲) — it’s about creating freedom to gain time, clarity, and joy. Start small, stay intentional, and watch your life transform. A．It saves time and reduces stress. B．Some people even adopt it as their life goal. C．Minimalism extends beyond physical clutter. D．Learn to say no to nonessential tasks that waste energy. E．Here’s everything you need to know about living a minimalist lifestyle. F．Many assume minimalism requires strict rules or means owning almost nothing. G．The lifestyle freed me from physical load and brought unexpected clarity to my mind. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·山东威海·期末）Self-reflection means thinking carefully about your own thoughts, emotions, and actions. It’s like looking into a mirror that shows what’s going on inside your mind, helping you understand yourself better. 1 The answers lie in cognitive biases (认知偏差), personal experiences, and cultural influences that shape our thinking patterns. Cognitive biases are the invisible lenses through which we view the world. They influence our judgments and decisions, often leading us to make poor or less effective choices. 2 For example, we might notice that we tend to believe only the information that supports what we already think. Once we become aware of biases like this, we have a chance to question them and look at things from a clearer, more balanced view. Personal experiences also play an important role in shaping how we think. 3 And through self-reflection, we can uncover the sources of our beliefs, values, and attitudes. By examining these experiences, we can gain insight into why we think the way we do and, if necessary, start a process of growth and change. Cultural influences also contribute to the formation of our thoughts. Self-reflection helps us figure out which ideas are truly ours and which ones come from the world around us. 4 Self-reflection encourages us go deeper into our thinking. It helps us uncover the roots of our beliefs and values, revealing the sources of our thinking patterns. 5 By asking why you think the way you do, you begin a journey of self-discovery and transformation. It enhances your ability to think and fosters personal growth. So, take the time to look within, understand yourself, and let self-reflection guide you through the complex journey of life. A．Self-reflection can be used to solve problems effectively. B．We can link our emotional responses to the events that caused them. C．These experiences are the building blocks of our mental framework. D．Self-reflection is a powerful tool for personal growth and understanding. E．But why do we think the way we do, and why do you think the way you do? F．This separation helps us become more independent and understand who we truly are. G．Understanding these biases through self-reflection is the first step in reducing their impact. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）No matter how scheduled your life may be, there’s always that feeling of never having enough time at home. Life goes by too quickly. 1 Could we slow down and enjoy a simpler, freer, and happier home life? Absolutely! Here are several ways to create a “culture of slow” in your home. ●Identify your reasons to rush. Begin observing your patterns of rushing. When do you usually tend to rush? Maybe it’s when you’re about to leave the house, or maybe it’s in a time-pressured situation. Then, slow down by using an inner reminder like “The hurry only hurts”, really observe the situation, and breathe. Identify what’s most important to you during that moment. 2 ●Practice digital minimalism. 3 Technology is most likely to take our attention away from what we are doing in our homes. Creating a “culture of slow” means concentrating your online time on a small number of carefully selected activities that support what you value. And then being okay with missing out on everything else. ●Take more walks. Nature moves at a slow pace, and the more you spend time in the outdoors, the more your pace also slows. 4 It also provides opportunities to slow your thoughts and refocus them on what matters. For a healthier lifestyle, take more walks. ●Practice one rest day a week. Choose one day a week for rest and leisure. Consider it a “do-nothing day”, where work is set aside and relationships are renewed. 5 Maybe you take a family hike, cook together, or enjoy a cozy reading session on the sofa. Rest days, when taken seriously, dramatically slow the pace of life. A．Make time and space to just be together. B．Schedule your outdoor activities properly. C．Every day can feel like rush hour on repeat. D．Use that as motivation to move more slowly. E．Simple, slow living is basically a matter of focus. F．Being outside has a unique power to reset the mind. G．Take this a step further by practicing mindfulness. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末）People change for many reasons. 1 For example, the youth who value pleasure might change because the negative consequences of their behavior interfere with (妨碍)their fun. The youth who value independence might change to achieve greater freedom. To develop a relationship with a young person, explore their values and goals, understand their dilemma, and learn what they might want to change before giving recommendations or advice. Some good topics to consider when interacting with young people include their peers, family and school. By allowing the young person to discuss these less risky and preferred topics, you continue to establish the bond of trust necessary for working with emerging adults. 2 While exploring the young person’s perspective and understanding their dilemma, consider using reflective statements that highlight values: “You are talking a lot about how your parents try to tie you down. I am hearing that independence is really important to you.” If the young person’s values are not clear, you can ask pointed questions, such as, “ 3 ” Inquiring about the characteristics of people who are important to the young person or discussing positive attributes of a friend or boyfriend /girlfriend can also facilitate (促进)clarification of these issues. Guiding the young person to develop a plan consistent with their personal values and goals is critical to the planning process. Autonomy-supportive and value-respecting statements such as, “Since you are deciding what plan to make, it is important to make it fit with how important being strong is to you.” 4 This can ensure the plan is consistent with the values identified by the youth in the engaging process. “I am wondering what steps you want to take next that fit best with your value of spending time with friends.” It is also a good idea to confirm if plans made are consistent with values, otherwise chances of success may be limited. 5 They will guide towards or away from the goals and behavior. Success will only be fully achieved when values and goals align. A．Values are the human compass. B．What’s important to you right now? C．These reasons are linked to their values. D．How do you explain the characteristics then? E．Perhaps they could make some good decisions. F．Furthermore, they may reveal other unexpected goals. G．It’s important to include values in questions about the next steps. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Investing in yourself means making sound, productive decisions in every aspect of your life while cultivating positive and mindful habits. 1 Read on, and we’ll show you how to take action and start investing in yourself. ·Set short-term and long-term goals. Specific and realistic goals can motivate you to change your life. 2 Make a list of simple, short-term goals you can accomplish now and another list of long-term goals to achieve over time. The more commitments you make and keep, the more confident in your abilities you’ll feel. Learn new professional skills. Pick a career-related skill that you want to learn more about, whether it relates to your current job or it’s a skill that will help you start a temporary job to increase your income. Sign up for a class about the skill you want to develop. 3 ·Take up a creative hobby. 4 Find a creative outlet that you’re passionate about. Have you always wanted to learn an instrument, dance, or maybe paint? Set aside time for you to relax and express yourself. · 5 Plan your meals and keep track of what you cat to enjoy a nutritious diet. Go on walks or visit a gym to keep your heart pumping and body active. Get at least 8 hours of sleep to boost your immune system and improve mental performance. You’ll feel confident and be ready to take on life when you’re in good physical condition. A．Work out on a regular basis. B．Care for your physical health. C．It builds problem-solving skills and helps open your mind. D．It results in improvement of your career, health and feeling. E．Set both short-term and long-term goals to boost daily skill practice. F．Commit to lifelong learning and continually build up valuable skills. G．Think about where you want to be in a month, a year, or even 5 years. Passage 6 （24-25高二下·甘肃·期末）What If Your Roommate Has a Mental Health Condition? Living with a roommate who suffers from a mental health condition like anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder can be stressful. 1 But it’s also important to look out for yourself. Here are some useful tips: Ask How You Can Be Supportive 2 If they say they need peace and quiet in the morning, do your best to honour that request. Don’t assume you understand how they feel. If they’d like to talk, provide a listening ear. Talk Face-to-Face First and foremost, don’t try to solve problems in an email or through texting. It’s too easy to misunderstand what someone means when you can’t hear their tone of voice or see their body language. 3 Not only are people more likely to be unkind on social media, but the whole world also becomes privy (知情的) to your private business. Talking face-to-face is a must. 4 Speaking about your feelings rather attacking the other person is one of the most important ways to handle conflict with anyone. Instead of saying, “You play loud music late at night,” you might say, “I have a hard time sleeping when music’s coming from your room after 11 o’clock.” When you speak about your own feelings and experiences, your roommate won’t be triggered (引发) to defend themselves. If All Else Fails, Move Certain situations aren’t fixable. If you’ve expressed your concerns to your roommate, made concessions (让步) yourself, and nothing is changing, you may need to move to a different room or look for a new roommate or a new apartment. 5 A．Use “I” Statements. B．Practise Self-Care. C．In cases like these, greater attention and patience are required. D．Remember: your mental health needs to come first. E．Don’t think of how you’re going to prove them wrong while they’re speaking. F．Rather than tell your roommate what you think they should do, ask how you can be of help. G．And under no conditions should you ever try to deal with disagreement on social media. 语篇类型二: 人与社会（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽亳州·期末）How Technology is Transforming the Education Rapid changes in technology influence education on a large scale. In the past education system, many students could not get educational opportunities due to a lack of resources. Thanks to the availability of technology, it has made easy accessibility of learning resources for students at any place. Learning management systems enable teachers to track student progress, identify areas of improvement, and provide targeted feedback. 1 . Today an increasing number of students prefer the online learning platform for getting an education. Online study not only provides the best education to students in their own place but also helps them to develop a better environment of learning. 2 . If students seriously take online classes, they can acquire all the essential skills as regular university students have. Rapid advancement in technology not only helps students but also teachers in teaching effectively. 3 . It is essential that the teacher should adopt technology-based learning to meet the teaching goals. Education institutes should motivate teachers to use technology as a supporting tool in teaching. Online assignment help service has set an example in the education industry. 4 . Adaptive learning platforms utilize data analytics to assess students’ strengths and weaknesses, enabling personalized learning pathways. Through adaptive algorithms, students receive customized content, exercises, and assessments based on their learning pace and preferences. This individualized approach enhances student outcomes by providing targeted support and addressing specific learning gaps. Thus, the advancement in technology plays a significant role in accelerating the learning of students. Adopting technology-based learning allow students to enhance more knowledge of a subject and develop several skills. 5 . A．It builds the motivation for self-learning B．The future of technology surely will benefit the whole society C．Thanks to technology, education has been changing greatly in many ways D．Teachers can use technology tools to make their lessons easy and funny E．Technology has made it possible to tailor education to individual student needs F．It helps students to perform well in academic tasks and boost their academic scores G．This kind of education improves students’ thinking research ability and decision-making power Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）The adoption of smartphones among older adults is on the rise, reflecting a broader shift toward digital inclusion. Recent studies indicate that over 60% of seniors aged 70+ in developed countries now own a smartphone, a 20% increase from five years ago. 1 Beyond basic communication, they use these devices to access health apps, navigate public transport, and engage in online learning. Many seniors are driven by the need to bridge generational gaps, as younger family members increasingly rely on mobile platforms for communication. Video calls through apps like Skype or WeChat allow them to see grandchildren grow up in real time and messaging tools make daily communication easier. 2 Besides, smartphones offer a sense of autonomy, enabling them to manage tasks independently, such as ordering groceries or scheduling doctor’s appointments without relying on others. 3 While smartphones enhance seniors’ quality of life, they also present unique problems. The small screens and complex settings can cause frustration, with nearly 40% of older users reporting difficulty mastering advanced features. 4 What’s more, cybersecurity threats, such as phishing scams (网络钓鱼) targeting older adults, add another layer of concern, making them hesitant to use mobile payment services or share personal data. Despite these difficulties, the potential of smartphones to empower older adults is undeniable. Those who overcome initial barriers often experience increased lives. 5 As societies age, investing in digital reading and writing programs and user-friendly technologies will help seniors fully use smartphones, ensuring they enjoy living in an increasingly mobile-first world. A．These challenges highlight the need for simplified apps and targeted support. B．Both relational and practical motivations contribute to this rise. C．Thus, smartphones become a vital tool for maintaining family bonds across distances. D．The convenience of mobile technology has transformed daily life for all age groups. E．Older adults are also using smartphones to regain control over their daily routines. F．This increase marks a significant departure from previous generations’ tech avoidance. G．Issues like eye problems and memory decline further complicate tech adoption. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末）China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment 1 , according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. “Deep-sea mining has become 2 on science, technology, resources and industries, because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel (镍), copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry,” said Ye Cong, deputy director of the China Ship Scientific Research Center in Jiangsu province’s Wuxi. “A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. 3 will help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware 4 and at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve (收回) thousands of metric tons of ores (矿石) each day. However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware; which highlights the importance of 5 . A．a new frontier of international competition B．a new study of great importance C．used for deep-sea mining D．used for marine exploration E．Mining them from seabed F．government attention and investment G．fundamental to achieving deep-sea mining Passage 4 （24-25高二下·河北·期末）Effective Ways to Improve Your Communication Skills Have you ever dealt with a simple misunderstanding that could have been solved with more communication? 1 Someone with strong communication skills can build positive connections, strengthen their relationships, and solve conflicts. This guide can teach you the basics so you can get your point across quickly and calmly. Before you speak, it’s essential to organize your thoughts by using key points. A good rule is to choose three main points to center your conversation around. That way, if you stay away from the main point, you’ll be able to return to one or more of your points without feeling anxious. If possible, write your talking points down on your phone’s Notes app or an index card for reference. 2 Communication, however, is not just about talking. 3 By actively listening, you can measure how much of your message is getting through your listener(s) and whether or not it’s being received correctly or needs to be adjusted. If your audience needs clarification, asking for feedback us often helpful. Moreover, maintaining eye contact during a conversation or presentation can build connection, help convince others you’re trustworthy and show interest. During a conversation or presentation, maintain eye contact for as long as it feels natural. Nevertheless, be aware that eye contact is culturally determined. In some cultures, it is considered to be unsettling or inappropriate. 4 In addition to verbal and visual cues, your body language also plays a pivotal role in communication. Strive to reflect passion using soft, gentle, aware facial expressions. Avoid negative facial expressions, such as frowns or raised eyebrows. 5 If you need to learn the culture, ask questions about the communication challenges you might face before you start to speak with people in an unfamiliar cultural context. A．Communication is a two-way street. B．Pay attention to non-verbal communication. C．Ask about this in particular or do research in advance. D．Effective communication is about expressing your feelings clearly. E．Similarly, be sure to express clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding. F．This will help you stay on topic and be absolutely clear about your intention. G．What is or isn’t negative depends on the context, especially the cultural context. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·辽宁·期末）There was a time when sewing and mending clothes was common. 1 Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new. 2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion — not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant comers of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys. Why should you learn to mend? Mending is a great way to reject consumerism. 3 That means shopping for quality items that will stand the least of time. Also, by learning a few key skills, you can repair those items as needed rather than sentence them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It is also helpful to customize some items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date. 4 Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that newer is better. 5 You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique. It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable. If you are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time to learn the new skill, which can especially have a positive impact on the world. A．Yet there is still reason to hope. B．Another aspect of mending is mindfulness. C．It is also a means of maintaining a livelihood. D．The result? You will get what feels uniquely yours. E．Of course, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with. F．Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable. G．Without our awareness, though, it became something of a rarity. Passage 6 （24-25高二下·辽宁朝阳·期末）How to Travel Sustainably (可持续地) in Puerto Rico From small, farm-sourced restaurant menus to guesthouse stays, community tours and Puerto Rican cultural workshops, Puerto Rico is strengthening its sustainable tourism scene. 1 Food trip in Old San Juan Sign up for a three-hour walk with Spoon Food Tours and get to know locals’ favourites for coffee, snacks and meals served at family-run businesses. The morning kicks off at Don Ruiz Coffee Shop. Try the mallorca, a kind of sweet pastry (油酥糕点), and wash it down with a cup of single origin coffee harvested from the 19th-century Ruiz plantation. 2 Learn Afro-Puerto Rican culture in Loíza The seaside town of Loíza in the Piñones region, a 20-minute drive east of San Juan, is known as the heart of Afro-Puerto Rican culture. Its outdoor drawings feature Afro-boricua women in colourful head wraps and loose dresses, while the interior shines with an open stage for dancing. 3 At the back, a boardwalk attracts hikers and bikers. Join Local Guest’s community experiences 4 Founders Carmen Portela and Monica Perez’s aim is to direct visitors towards culture and nature-rich communities, in turn providing the areas with a sustainable income. Unique experiences include caving, taking a pottery workshop or kayaking Puerto Rico’s longest river. Local Guest also runs a non-profit programme, which matches small volunteer groups with a variety of established community-based ongoing restoration (修复) projects for long-term impact. 5 An encouraging start from larger hotels, the new Puerto Rican owned Finca Victoria is a two-and-a-half-acre botanical farm guesthouse lying in the hills at the heart of the island. A 10-minute drive to Vieques’ beaches, this eco-conscious property provides relaxation, from its natural wooden house to its organic local farm-sourced vegetarian (素食者) breakfasts. A．Stay at an organic farm on Vieques B．Explore the farm-to-table dining scene. C．It isn’t just a typical dance but a heritage. D．Here’s a guide to travelling Puerto Rico sustainably. E．In-season fruit juices and desserts are also part of this food trip. F．You could not find a restaurant serving deep-fried pies filled with meat. G．A women-led tour company, Local Guest offers special experiences. 语篇类型三: 人与自然（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末）Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets bring more than just companionship — they offer many surprising benefits that can enrich our lives. Here are reasons why we are right to embrace our pet friends in life. Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. 1 They can offer unconditional support and a safe space to express feelings. Their calming effect helps owners manage stress and creates a sense of comfort and stability in difficult moments. 2 Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. 3 Pet waking is a great way of socializing. 4 Running into the same dog walkers frequently provides a chance to build up friendships. So not only can pets make our lives happier by being great companions, but they can help us find human companions too! In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. 5 Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories. A．We’re inviting love and joy into our lives. B．Owning a pet can enhance our feeling of security. C．So make the most of owning a pet and get outdoors. D．Owning a pet develops a strong sense of responsibility. E．Pets also need to socialize, which is good for their health. F．Their companionship helps reduce anxiety, loneliness, and emotional tension. G．Pets can be fantastic ice-breakers and help start conversations with fellow owners. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·四川广安·期末）I always admired my grandmother Jenny’s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternoon in her backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there to grow tomatoes. She handed me a tiny seedling (幼苗) and shared stories of her own grandmother doing the same. It’s a family tradition! Over time, the tiny seedling had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy red tomatoes. 1 We spent hours in her kitchen making delicious homemade sauce out of them. Just the smell alone brought back so many memories. My time in the garden with my grandma showed me that gardening is more than just a hobby. 2 The garden became something we both loved, bringing us closer together and creating a strong bond. If the garden is your favorite place, consider inviting other family members to join you in the dirt. It’s a great way of bonding with people. 3 It has its tough moments, but the good thing is that every setback teaches us to be strong. Gardening is my personal therapist (治疗师). 4 Gardening has taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty of life’s cycles. It’s given me a sense of purpose and the joy of caring for something from seed to flower. In the garden, I’ve found comfort during difficult times and celebration during moments of success. 5 It offers a break from city life. It is a chance to grow as a gardener and person. And it brings the joy of watching life grow well under your care A．I find joy and peace in it. B．It’s a way to connect with our roots. C．The benefits of gardening are varied. D．Gardening is like painting with nature. E．I saw the moments as opportunities to learn. F．However, gardening isn’t all sunshine and flowering roses. G．Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江西南昌·期末）As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it. We take fishes from the ocean — millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. 1 We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. 2 Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. 3 Seaweed becomes food of many kinds — even candy, and ice cream — as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. 4 But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea. The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give to the sea? Garbage. 5 Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life, too. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever. We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late. A．We even use their bones for fertilizer. B．Some of its contents may cause illness. C．Natural sponges become cleaning aids. D．The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller. E．We take a lot from the ocean and give little to the sea. F．We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump. G．Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·浙江衢州·期末）Once a tree seed takes root, it develops a stem that pushes out of the ground and eventually takes the familiar shape of a tree. 1 There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates. For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years. 2 They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10years but only live for 20. Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty). 3 However, they can live for over 1,000 years. Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow-or tall or not-so-tall. 4 Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold. If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life. 5 Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider. So basically, a tree is always growing and changing. That’s tree-rific! A．After that, they still grow in other ways. B．Gray birches grow as fast as 2 feet a year. C．Their leaf colors vary in different conditions. D．Those ways of growing help it survive in its habitat. E．It is interesting to know how long it takes for trees to grow. F．These giants complete much of their upward growth in their first 100 years. G．How long it takes to grow to its full height depends on many things — especially tree species! Passage 5 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末）Could Eating Jellyfish Be Sustainable? Like giant sharks in films, jellyfish poses a major threat in real life — to kill people with their stings (叮咬). And the potential danger they cause doesn’t stop there. 1 . A research is even on whether box jellyfish could ultimately destroy our oceans — so could eating them be a possible solution? ● 2 ? Some people argue that due to their reproductive cycle, jellyfish are actually a sustainable food source. Removing a jellyfish from the ocean doesn’t stop new ones being born. This is because they are spawned (使大量产生) from polyps (水螅体)on the seabed. In some ways, you can compare them to apples. 3 . ●What about their nutritional value? Jellyfish contain 36 calories per ounce, which equals iceberg lettuce (莴苣). However, it is full of protein, making it potentially a great diet food. 4 , particularly in Asia, they are already consumed, often raw, fried or chopped up as part of a salad. ●But what do they taste like? 5 , others describe them as having a salty taste. This could be due to their absorbent nature, which also leads them to being often served in a sauce. As for the texture, some people negatively compare the experience to eating gristle (软骨). They might not be the tastiest thing you’ve ever eaten, but it beats fleeing the sea to avoid being stung. So the next time you want something fresh, look at jellyfish as a sustainable alternative. A．What is needed to cook them? B．How is their ability to reproduce? C．While some say they are flavourless D．It is easy for the fishermen to catch them. E．And indeed, in many parts of the world F．They are reported to attack fish farms, shut down power stations etc. G．When you take an apple from a tree, the tree still goes on to produce more apples Passage 6 （24-25高二下·山东日照·期末）What do nine Hawaiian snails have in common with the Texas longhorn, the Florida black leopard and the California grizzly bear? They’re all U. S. state animals. 1 They are the country’s first-ever state snails. This past April, Hawaii passed a law to designate (指定) nine species of kāhuli — the Hawaiian word for the native land snails — as the state’s official snails. 2 Twenty-four-year-old Kaliko created a movement to have the state protect the snails. Kaliko, began volunteering at the Bishop Museum the summer after ninth grade with two of his friends. Evidence of the kāhuli’s historical abundance felt shocking as Kaliko prepared and scanned empty shells from the Bishop Museum’s collection. They painstakingly removed boxes from packed shelves, carefully handling the delicate remains of extinct snail species. The vibrant orange swirls of a snail shell belonging to the Carelia category caught their eye. 3 But the three-inch snails haven’t been seen on the island of Kauai since the mid-1900s and are assumed extinct. The 8-inch giant African snail and the 2.75-inch rosy wolf snail, are found throughout the state. 4 “I think that profound sadness is definitely the reason why I felt a strong urge to do the work that I was doing,” Kaliko says. Studying songs and stories about kāhuli helped them understand the creatures’ importance to their ancestors — the reason why, for instance, Hawaiians traditionally strung together lei (花环) consisting of thousands of kāhuli shells. 5 “This is a phenomenon that my ancestors were able to experience and I’m not able to experience,” Kaliko says. A．And the snails hold another notable distinction. B．The law was passed as a direct result of their advocacy. C．The story of Hawaii’s state snails originated with one student. D．The group once included the largest land snails native to the state. E．Hawaiians would have also heard the sound of a forest full of native snails. F．It proudly includes one of the world’s most comprehensive collections of land snails. G．However, they are among the most damaging non-native species to the local ecosystem. Passage 1 （25-26高二下·河北廊坊·期中）As cities continue to grow, finding enough space to grow food becomes an increasing challenge. Traditional farming requires large areas of land, which are limited in urban environments. 1 This approach involves growing crops in vertically stacked layers (垂直叠层), often integrated into buildings like high-rises and industrial buildings. The benefits of vertical farming are numerous. First, it dramatically reduces the distance food needs to travel from farm to table. 2 Such localization guarantees fresher produce while cutting down on transportation-related pollution. Additionally, vertical farms use up to 95% less water than traditional agriculture because water is recycled within the system. 3 Since crops are grown indoors in controlled environments, there is no need for chemical pesticides (杀虫剂). This results in cleaner, healthier food and protects the surrounding ecosystem from harmful runoff. However, vertical farming also faces significant challenges. The initial cost of setting up a vertical farm is high, requiring investment in specialized lighting, climate control systems, and building modifications (改造). 4 For example, leafy greens and herbs grow well indoors, but it remains difficult to profitably grow crops like wheat or rice. Despite these challenges, many experts believe vertical farming will play an increasingly important role in our future food system. As technology continues to improve and costs gradually decrease, these urban farms are expected to become more common in cities around the world. 5 A．This method also has environmental advantages. B．After all, not all crops are suitable for this method. C．In some cities, residents have started rooftop gardens. D．Fortunately, an innovative farming method is emerging. E．Moreover, the range of crops that can be grown is currently limited. F．Imagine getting your salad from a farm just a few blocks from your home. G．In this way, we can create more sustainable cities for generations to come. Passage 2 （2026·安徽·三模）Between take-off and landing, distinctive Chinese cultural charm fills every corner of China’s airports. 1 Unlike many airports elsewhere dominated by huge eye-catching billboards and large shopping areas, China’s airports provide visitors with authentic local food and traditional cultural experiences. From Shanghai to Xi’ an, and from Xi’an to Beijing, China’s airports appear markedly different from those in industrialized nations and emerging countries. 2 But China’s airports, which are large, modern, technologically advanced, are designed with passenger welfare prioritized over the profiting from space. This is easy to notice while moving through the terminal. China’s airports display local products in their shops, yet one must actively search to find cultural symbols which are presented without overt pride or any sense of undermining other cultures and traditions. 3 There appears to be an operational harmony between passengers and airport management, with passenger welfare placed at the center of airport governance. 4 However, it is rare to see obviously stressed passengers in China’s airports. Digital tools cut queues, reduce confusion, and ease travelers’ pressure. Digitalization has further enhanced travelers’ well-being and overall experience, contributing to a smoother and more humane airport environment. Deep-rooted national beliefs and harmonious Chinese cultural values, together with their practical implications in daily life, underpin the operational philosophy and cultural atmosphere of China’s airports. Superior efficiency remains another core feature, providing the world with an innovative alternative model. Unlike airport systems dominated by private commercial enterprises, these public service hubs put passengers first and safeguard public interests above all. With friendly hospitality and cutting-edge infrastructure, China’s airports greet international travelers with great warmth, embodying the remarkable modern progress of the country. 5 A．So passengers are central, not commercial profit. B．Travelling in advanced capitalist countries is often stressful. C．There are no signs of blind localism or nationalism in the airports. D．Passengers can feel this warm atmosphere the moment they step inside. E．Some airports elsewhere operate mainly like companies’ selling space. F．This people-oriented development approach has proven highly practical and successful. G．In contrast, many airports abroad are designed to turn passengers’ waiting into profit-making time. Passage 3 （25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Education is about learning, enriching our lives and making us better citizens and independent thinkers. 1 But over the last decade and a half, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. This has led to inflation (通货膨胀) in both. Degree inflation means employers require a bachelor’s degree or more for work that really doesn’t need it. Fortunately, hiring managers have begun to learn that, and degree requirements have been declining in many fields. 2 An analysis showed that grades in the Los Angeles have been rising while scores on nationwide standardized exams have been crashing. The gaps between grades and test scores are immense and consistent. Students’ actual mastery of the material declines despite their more credits and higher grades in math. 3 To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with F grade, so grade point averages have consistently risen. Plus, there is huge pressure from students and their parents. In a 2023 survey, educators said roughly half of students requested higher grades than they had earned and that 8 out of 10 teachers gave in, for a third of students and parents bother them when they don’t. Inflated grades damage the college admission process. While colleges used to regard high school grade point averages as the best predictor of higher education success, their predictive value has decreased. 4 Consequently, some students, armed with good grades, march off to college, only to find themselves in remedial classes (补习班) because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. We have to ask ourselves: Do we want education to be about intellectual growth or a performance driven by grade inflation? 5 A．Grade inflation results from multiple factors. B．Its core mission is globally recognized by educators. C．Standardized tests reflect real academic performance effectively. D．Yet grade inflation shows no sign of slowing down in this period. E．After all, education should return to original nurturing of learners. F．A high grade no longer guarantees a student’s academic competence. G．Many teachers are tired of parents’ endless requests for higher grades. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 七选五（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 人与自我（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东汕尾·期末）When I embraced minimalism ten years ago, I transformed from someone buried in clutter (杂乱) and busyness to a carefree traveler with a single backpack. 1 It was then that I came to realize the advantages of minimalist living. 2 With fewer possessions, you spend less time cleaning and organizing, gaining more hours for meaningful relationships. As shown in a 2009 study, clutter raises cortisol levels (皮质醇水平), while a tidy space calms our minds — and thus sharpens focus and productivity. Though minimalism might sound restrictive at first, it actually creates space for what truly matters. 3 In reality, it’s about removing what doesn’t add value to your life, making room for what does. The goal isn’t deprivation (剥夺) but intentionality — you may begin by evaluating your belongings with three questions: Do I use it? Do I love it? Do I need it? If an item fails all three, let it go. 4 You may apply the same principle to relationships. Surround yourself only with people who inspire and uplift you. Keep a gratitude journal to clarify priorities. 5 While some responsibilities can’t be avoided, prioritize your own well-being where possible. Minimalism isn’t about sacrifice (牺牲) — it’s about creating freedom to gain time, clarity, and joy. Start small, stay intentional, and watch your life transform. A．It saves time and reduces stress. B．Some people even adopt it as their life goal. C．Minimalism extends beyond physical clutter. D．Learn to say no to nonessential tasks that waste energy. E．Here’s everything you need to know about living a minimalist lifestyle. F．Many assume minimalism requires strict rules or means owning almost nothing. G．The lifestyle freed me from physical load and brought unexpected clarity to my mind. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了极简主义的生活方式带来的好处，并强调极简主义不是剥夺，而是有意识地选择真正重要的事物，从而获得自由、清晰和快乐。 1．上文“When I embraced minimalism ten years ago, I transformed from someone buried in clutter and busyness to a carefree traveler with a single backpack. (十年前，当我开始践行极简主义时，我从一个被杂乱和忙碌所困扰的人变成了一个只有一个背包的无忧无虑的旅行者。)”讲述了作者践行极简主义后的变化，G选项“这种生活方式让我从身体负担中解脱出来，给我的思想带来了意想不到的清晰。”进一步说明了这种生活方式给作者带来的好处，The lifestyle指代上文minimalism，符合语境。故选G。 2．上文“It was then that I came to realize the advantages of minimalist living. (就在那时，我意识到了极简主义生活的好处。)”引出极简主义生活的好处，下文“With fewer possessions, you spend less time cleaning and organizing, gaining more hours for meaningful relationships. As shown in a 2009 study, clutter raises cortisol levels, while a tidy space calms our minds — and thus sharpens focus and productivity. (拥有的物品越少，你花在打扫和整理上的时间就越少，也就有更多时间去经营有意义的人际关系。2009 年的一项研究表明，杂乱会提高皮质醇水平，而整洁的空间能让我们的心灵平静下来，从而提高专注力和工作效率。)”具体说明好处是什么，A选项“它节省时间，减轻压力。”承接上文，并且概括下文的内容，符合语境。故选A。 3．上文“Though minimalism might sound restrictive at first, it actually creates space for what truly matters. (虽然极简主义一开始听起来可能很受限，但它实际上为真正重要的事情创造了空间。)”表明极简主义是有限制的，下文“In reality, it’s about removing what doesn’t add value to your life, making room for what does. (事实上，它是关于去除那些不能给你的生活增加价值的东西，为那些能增加价值的东西腾出空间。)”进一步解释了极简主义的实际意义，F选项“许多人认为极简主义需要严格的规则或几乎不拥有任何东西。”说明人们对极简主义的误解，与下文形成转折关系，strict rules与上文restrictive相呼应，符合语境。故选F。 4．下文“You may apply the same principle to relationships. Surround yourself only with people who inspire and uplift you. Keep a gratitude journal to clarify priorities. (你可以将同样的原则应用到人际关系中。只和那些能激励你、鼓舞你的人在一起。写一本感恩日记来明确优先事项。)”提到了将极简主义原则应用到人际关系中，空处位于段首，应概括本段内容，C选项“极简主义不仅仅局限于物质上的杂乱。”引出下文将极简主义原则应用到人际关系中的内容，符合语境。故选C。 5．上文“Keep a gratitude journal to clarify priorities. (写一本感恩日记来明确优先事项。)”提到了明确优先事项，下文“While some responsibilities can’t be avoided, prioritize your own well-being where possible. (虽然有些责任是无法避免的，但在可能的情况下，优先考虑你自己的幸福。)”提到了优先考虑自己的幸福，空处承上启下，D选项“学会拒绝那些浪费精力的非必要任务。”是关于如何明确优先事项的建议，且与下文形成并列关系，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·山东威海·期末）Self-reflection means thinking carefully about your own thoughts, emotions, and actions. It’s like looking into a mirror that shows what’s going on inside your mind, helping you understand yourself better. 1 The answers lie in cognitive biases (认知偏差), personal experiences, and cultural influences that shape our thinking patterns. Cognitive biases are the invisible lenses through which we view the world. They influence our judgments and decisions, often leading us to make poor or less effective choices. 2 For example, we might notice that we tend to believe only the information that supports what we already think. Once we become aware of biases like this, we have a chance to question them and look at things from a clearer, more balanced view. Personal experiences also play an important role in shaping how we think. 3 And through self-reflection, we can uncover the sources of our beliefs, values, and attitudes. By examining these experiences, we can gain insight into why we think the way we do and, if necessary, start a process of growth and change. Cultural influences also contribute to the formation of our thoughts. Self-reflection helps us figure out which ideas are truly ours and which ones come from the world around us. 4 Self-reflection encourages us go deeper into our thinking. It helps us uncover the roots of our beliefs and values, revealing the sources of our thinking patterns. 5 By asking why you think the way you do, you begin a journey of self-discovery and transformation. It enhances your ability to think and fosters personal growth. So, take the time to look within, understand yourself, and let self-reflection guide you through the complex journey of life. A．Self-reflection can be used to solve problems effectively. B．We can link our emotional responses to the events that caused them. C．These experiences are the building blocks of our mental framework. D．Self-reflection is a powerful tool for personal growth and understanding. E．But why do we think the way we do, and why do you think the way you do? F．This separation helps us become more independent and understand who we truly are. G．Understanding these biases through self-reflection is the first step in reducing their impact. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自我反思的定义，影响因素和作用。 1．下文提到“The answers lie in cognitive biases (认知偏差), personal experiences, and cultural influences that shape our thinking patterns. (答案在于认知偏差、个人经历和塑造我们思维模式的文化影响。)”说明设空处应该是提出问题，E 选项“But why do we think the way we do, and why do you think the way you do? (但是我们为什么会这样思考，你们又为什么会这样思考呢？）”是疑问句，并且内容也相呼应，符合语境，故选E。 2．上文“Cognitive biases are the invisible lenses through which we view the world. They influence our judgments and decisions, often leading us to make poor or less effective choices. (认知偏差是我们观察世界的隐形镜片。它们会影响我们的判断和决定，经常导致我们做出糟糕或低效的选择。)”提到认知偏差会影响我们的判断和决策，下文“For example, we might notice that we tend to believe only the information that supports what we already think. (例如，我们可能会注意到，我们倾向于只相信那些支持我们已有想法的信息。)”举例说明我们可能存在的认知偏差，G选项“Understanding these biases through self-reflection is the first step in reducing their impact. (通过自我反思理解这些偏差是减少其影响的第一步。)”紧密承接上文，并引出下文的例子，符合逻辑。故选G。 3．上文“Personal experiences also play an important role in shaping how we think. (个人经历在塑造我们的思维方式方面也起着重要作用。)”说个人经历在塑造我们的思维方式中起重要作用，C 选项“These experiences are the building blocks of our mental framework. (这些经历是我们心理框架的基石。)”进一步阐述了个人经历的作用，符合文意。故选C。 4．上文“Cultural influences also contribute to the formation of our thoughts. Self-reflection helps us figure out which ideas are truly ours and which ones come from the world around us. (自我反思可以帮助我们弄清楚哪些想法是真正属于我们的，哪些是来自我们周围的世界。)”提到自我反思帮助我们弄清楚哪些想法是我们自己的，哪些来自周围世界，F 选项“This separation helps us become more independent and understand who we truly are. (这种区分帮助我们变得更加独立，并理解我们真正是谁。)”承接上文，选项中的“this separation 指代前面提到的对想法来源的区分，符合逻辑。故选F。 5．根据下文“By asking why you think the way you do, you begin a journey of self-discovery and transformation. It enhances your ability to think and fosters personal growth. So, take the time to look within, understand yourself, and let self-reflection guide you through the complex journey of life. (通过问自己为什么会这样想，你开始了一段自我发现和自我转变的旅程。它能提高你的思考能力，促进个人成长。所以，花点时间审视自己，了解自己，让自我反省引导你走过复杂的人生旅程。)”可知D选项“Self-reflection is a powerful tool for personal growth and understanding. (自我反思是个人成长和理解的强大工具。)”是对自我反思作用的总结，并且引出下文的具体做法，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）No matter how scheduled your life may be, there’s always that feeling of never having enough time at home. Life goes by too quickly. 1 Could we slow down and enjoy a simpler, freer, and happier home life? Absolutely! Here are several ways to create a “culture of slow” in your home. ●Identify your reasons to rush. Begin observing your patterns of rushing. When do you usually tend to rush? Maybe it’s when you’re about to leave the house, or maybe it’s in a time-pressured situation. Then, slow down by using an inner reminder like “The hurry only hurts”, really observe the situation, and breathe. Identify what’s most important to you during that moment. 2 ●Practice digital minimalism. 3 Technology is most likely to take our attention away from what we are doing in our homes. Creating a “culture of slow” means concentrating your online time on a small number of carefully selected activities that support what you value. And then being okay with missing out on everything else. ●Take more walks. Nature moves at a slow pace, and the more you spend time in the outdoors, the more your pace also slows. 4 It also provides opportunities to slow your thoughts and refocus them on what matters. For a healthier lifestyle, take more walks. ●Practice one rest day a week. Choose one day a week for rest and leisure. Consider it a “do-nothing day”, where work is set aside and relationships are renewed. 5 Maybe you take a family hike, cook together, or enjoy a cozy reading session on the sofa. Rest days, when taken seriously, dramatically slow the pace of life. A．Make time and space to just be together. B．Schedule your outdoor activities properly. C．Every day can feel like rush hour on repeat. D．Use that as motivation to move more slowly. E．Simple, slow living is basically a matter of focus. F．Being outside has a unique power to reset the mind. G．Take this a step further by practicing mindfulness. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在日常生活中放慢节奏、创造一个平和的家庭环境。 1．上文提到“No matter how scheduled your life may be, there’s always that feeling of never having enough time at home. Life goes by too quickly.(无论你的生活安排得多么紧凑，总有在家时间不够的感觉。生活过得太快了。)”，暗示了人们常常感到时间不够用，生活节奏快。C项“Every day can feel like rush hour on repeat.(每一天都像是上下班高峰期的重复。)”也说明了日子过得很快，直接引出话题，符合上下文逻辑。故选C。 2．本段小标题是“Identify your reasons to rush.(找出赶时间的理由。)”且空前“Identify what’s most important to you during that moment.(确定在那一刻对你来说最重要的是什么。)”提到明确当下最重要之事，D项“Use that as motivation to move more slowly.(将此作为动力，放慢速度)”中的that正好呼应前文“what’s most important to you”，进一步阐述了识别匆忙的目的，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 3．空白处后“Technology is most likely to take our attention away from what we are doing in our homes. Creating a “culture of slow” means concentrating your online time on a small number of carefully selected activities that support what you value. And then being okay with missing out on everything else.(科技最有可能把我们的注意力从我们在家里做的事情上转移开。创造一种“慢文化”意味着把你的上网时间集中在少数几个精心挑选的活动上，这些活动支持你的价值观。然后对错过其他一切都无所谓。)”表明本部分围绕专注度展开：减少电子设备的使用，提高专注度，进而构建慢生活。E 项“Simple, slow living is basically a matter of focus.(简单、慢节奏的生活基本上就是一个专注的问题。)”中focus与attention、concentrating为同一语义场，契合本段主旨。故选E。 4．空白处前“Nature moves at a slow pace, and the more you spend time in the outdoors, the more your pace also slows.(大自然的步伐是缓慢的，你在户外呆的时间越长，你的步伐也就越慢。)”提到在室外待得越久，生活节奏就越慢。F项“Being outside has a unique power to reset the mind.(在户外有一种独特的力量来重置思维。)”中“Being outside”顺承上文“in the outdoors”，而“reset the mind”与下文“slow your thoughts and refocus them on what matters”相呼应，符合语境。故选F。 5．空前“Choose one day a week for rest and leisure. Consider it a “do-nothing day”, where work is set aside and relationships are renewed.(每周选择一天休息和休闲。把这一天看作是“无所事事的一天”，把工作放在一边，重新开始人际关系。)”提到每周选择一天作为休息和休闲日，放下工作，重拾人际关系，空后“Maybe you take a family hike, cook together, or enjoy a cozy reading session on the sofa.(也许你会和家人一起远足，一起做饭，或者坐在沙发上惬意地阅读。)”举例体现了一家人“共处”的场景，A项“Make time and space to just be together.(腾出时间和空间来独处。)”中“Make time and space”与“one rest day”呼应，“just be together”和空白处后一家人“共处”的场景呼应，因此A项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末）People change for many reasons. 1 For example, the youth who value pleasure might change because the negative consequences of their behavior interfere with (妨碍)their fun. The youth who value independence might change to achieve greater freedom. To develop a relationship with a young person, explore their values and goals, understand their dilemma, and learn what they might want to change before giving recommendations or advice. Some good topics to consider when interacting with young people include their peers, family and school. By allowing the young person to discuss these less risky and preferred topics, you continue to establish the bond of trust necessary for working with emerging adults. 2 While exploring the young person’s perspective and understanding their dilemma, consider using reflective statements that highlight values: “You are talking a lot about how your parents try to tie you down. I am hearing that independence is really important to you.” If the young person’s values are not clear, you can ask pointed questions, such as, “ 3 ” Inquiring about the characteristics of people who are important to the young person or discussing positive attributes of a friend or boyfriend /girlfriend can also facilitate (促进)clarification of these issues. Guiding the young person to develop a plan consistent with their personal values and goals is critical to the planning process. Autonomy-supportive and value-respecting statements such as, “Since you are deciding what plan to make, it is important to make it fit with how important being strong is to you.” 4 This can ensure the plan is consistent with the values identified by the youth in the engaging process. “I am wondering what steps you want to take next that fit best with your value of spending time with friends.” It is also a good idea to confirm if plans made are consistent with values, otherwise chances of success may be limited. 5 They will guide towards or away from the goals and behavior. Success will only be fully achieved when values and goals align. A．Values are the human compass. B．What’s important to you right now? C．These reasons are linked to their values. D．How do you explain the characteristics then? E．Perhaps they could make some good decisions. F．Furthermore, they may reveal other unexpected goals. G．It’s important to include values in questions about the next steps. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．B 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出价值观是我们做出改变的主要原因。建议与年轻人相处可从同伴等话题建立信任，探究其价值观，引导制定契合价值观的计划。 1．根据上文“People change for many reasons.(人们因为很多原因而改变)”和下文“For example, the youth who value pleasure might change because the negative consequences of their behavior interfere with ( 妨碍)their fun. The youth who value independence might change to achieve greater freedom.(例如，看重享乐的年轻人可能会发生改变，因为其行为带来的负面后果会妨碍他们获得乐趣。而看重独立的年轻人可能会为了获得更大的自由而做出改变)”可知，人们做出改变的原因大多与自己的价值观有关系。C项“这些原因与他们的价值观有关。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 2．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“By allowing the young person to discuss these less risky and preferred topics, you continue to establish the bond of trust necessary for working with emerging adults. (通过让年轻人讨论这些风险较低且他们更感兴趣的话题，你能持续建立与这些准成年人合作所需的信任关系)”可知，通过讨论风险低且年轻人感兴趣的话题，能与他们建立信任关系。因此，空处内容也应与和年轻人讨论这些话题的好处相关。F项“此外，他们或许会透露出其他未曾预料到的目标。”符合语境，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F。 3．根据上文“If the young person’s values are not clear, you can ask pointed questions, such as(如果年轻人的价值观不清楚，你可以问一些尖锐的问题，比如)”中的such as推知，空处应陈述的是一个比较尖锐的问题。B项“现在对你来说最重要的是什么?”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据下文“This can ensure the plan is consistent with the values identified by the youth in the engaging process. (这能确保该计划与年轻人在参与过程中明确的价值观保持一致)”可知，所问的问题中应该包括价值观，这才能保证该计划在执行过程中与年轻人的价值观保持一致。G项“在关于后续步骤的问题中纳入价值观考量，这一点十分重要。”符合语境，下文this指代选项内容。故选G。 5．根据下文“They will guide towards or away from the goals and behavior. Success will only be fully achieved when values and goals align.(它们会引导人们趋近或远离目标与行为。只有当价值观与目标一致时，才能完全取得成功)”并结合本段位于文末推知，空处应是总结性话语。A项“价值观是人类的指南针。”符合题意，总结上文内容，且下文they指代选项中的values。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Investing in yourself means making sound, productive decisions in every aspect of your life while cultivating positive and mindful habits. 1 Read on, and we’ll show you how to take action and start investing in yourself. ·Set short-term and long-term goals. Specific and realistic goals can motivate you to change your life. 2 Make a list of simple, short-term goals you can accomplish now and another list of long-term goals to achieve over time. The more commitments you make and keep, the more confident in your abilities you’ll feel. Learn new professional skills. Pick a career-related skill that you want to learn more about, whether it relates to your current job or it’s a skill that will help you start a temporary job to increase your income. Sign up for a class about the skill you want to develop. 3 ·Take up a creative hobby. 4 Find a creative outlet that you’re passionate about. Have you always wanted to learn an instrument, dance, or maybe paint? Set aside time for you to relax and express yourself. · 5 Plan your meals and keep track of what you cat to enjoy a nutritious diet. Go on walks or visit a gym to keep your heart pumping and body active. Get at least 8 hours of sleep to boost your immune system and improve mental performance. You’ll feel confident and be ready to take on life when you’re in good physical condition. A．Work out on a regular basis. B．Care for your physical health. C．It builds problem-solving skills and helps open your mind. D．It results in improvement of your career, health and feeling. E．Set both short-term and long-term goals to boost daily skill practice. F．Commit to lifelong learning and continually build up valuable skills. G．Think about where you want to be in a month, a year, or even 5 years. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．F 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述投资自己即做合理决定、培养好习惯，还给出具体做法：设定短长期目标、学职业技能、培养创意爱好、关注身体健康。 1．根据上文“Investing in yourself means making sound, productive decisions in every aspect of your life while cultivating positive and mindful habits.(投资自我意味着在生活的各个方面做出明智且富有成效的决策，同时培养积极且专注的习惯)”以及后文“Read on, and we’ll show you how to take action and start investing in yourself.(继续阅读，我们将向您展示如何采取行动并开始对自己的人生进行投资)”可知，前文定义“投资自己”是在生活各方面做合理、有成效的决定并培养积极习惯，后文引出具体做法，本句说明其带来的积极结果，故D选项“会促进职业发展、身体健康和心理状态的改善”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“·Set short-term and long-term goals. Specific and realistic goals can motivate you to change your life.(·设定短期和长期目标。具体且切实可行的目标能够激励你改变自己的生活)”以及后文“Make a list of simple, short-term goals you can accomplish now and another list of long-term goals to achieve over time. The more commitments you make and keep, the more confident in your abilities you’ll feel.(列出一些你当下就能完成的简单短期目标，以及一些需要逐步实现的长期目标。你做出并完成的承诺越多，你就越会对自己能力充满信心)”可知，本段主题是设定短期和长期目标，本句具体阐述思考不同时间维度的目标，故G选项“考虑自己在一个月、一年甚至五年后想要达到的状态”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据上文“Learn new professional skills. Pick a career-related skill that you want to learn more about, whether it relates to your current job or it’s a skill that will help you start a temporary job to increase your income. Sign up for a class about the skill you want to develop.(学习新的专业技能。选择一项与职业相关的技能，深入了解它，无论它是否与你当前的工作相关，还是它能帮助你找到一份临时工作从而增加收入。报名参加关于你想要提升的技能的课程)”可知，本段围绕学习职业技能展开，本句强调持续学习和积累技能，故F选项“坚持终身学习，并不断积累有价值的技能”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文“·Take up a creative hobby.(培养一项具有创造性的爱好)”以及后文“Find a creative outlet that you’re passionate about. Have you always wanted to learn an instrument, dance, or maybe paint? Set aside time for you to relax and express yourself.(找到一个你热爱的富有创意的活动。你是否一直想学习某种乐器、跳舞或者绘画呢？抽出一些时间来放松自己，尽情展现自我吧)”可知，本段讲培养创造性爱好，本句说明创造性爱好的好处，解释为何要培养此类爱好。故C选项“这能培养解决问题的能力，并有助于开拓思维”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据后文“Plan your meals and keep track of what you cat to enjoy a nutritious diet. Go on walks or visit a gym to keep your heart pumping and body active. Get at least 8 hours of sleep to boost your immune system and improve mental performance. You’ll feel confident and be ready to take on life when you’re in good physical condition.(合理规划你的饮食，并记录下所摄入的食物，以确保营养均衡。进行散步或去健身房锻炼，以保持心脏跳动、身体活跃。保证每天至少8小时的睡眠，以增强免疫系统并提升思维能力。当你身体状况良好时，你会感到自信，准备好迎接生活中的各种挑战)”可知，空格处为段落主题句，后文提到规划饮食、锻炼、保证睡眠等，均与身体健康相关，故B选项“关注自身身体健康”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·甘肃·期末）What If Your Roommate Has a Mental Health Condition? Living with a roommate who suffers from a mental health condition like anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder can be stressful. 1 But it’s also important to look out for yourself. Here are some useful tips: Ask How You Can Be Supportive 2 If they say they need peace and quiet in the morning, do your best to honour that request. Don’t assume you understand how they feel. If they’d like to talk, provide a listening ear. Talk Face-to-Face First and foremost, don’t try to solve problems in an email or through texting. It’s too easy to misunderstand what someone means when you can’t hear their tone of voice or see their body language. 3 Not only are people more likely to be unkind on social media, but the whole world also becomes privy (知情的) to your private business. Talking face-to-face is a must. 4 Speaking about your feelings rather attacking the other person is one of the most important ways to handle conflict with anyone. Instead of saying, “You play loud music late at night,” you might say, “I have a hard time sleeping when music’s coming from your room after 11 o’clock.” When you speak about your own feelings and experiences, your roommate won’t be triggered (引发) to defend themselves. If All Else Fails, Move Certain situations aren’t fixable. If you’ve expressed your concerns to your roommate, made concessions (让步) yourself, and nothing is changing, you may need to move to a different room or look for a new roommate or a new apartment. 5 A．Use “I” Statements. B．Practise Self-Care. C．In cases like these, greater attention and patience are required. D．Remember: your mental health needs to come first. E．Don’t think of how you’re going to prove them wrong while they’re speaking. F．Rather than tell your roommate what you think they should do, ask how you can be of help. G．And under no conditions should you ever try to deal with disagreement on social media. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与患有心理健康问题（如焦虑、抑郁或双相情感障碍）的室友同住时的应对策略。 1．上文“Living with a roommate who suffers from a mental health condition like anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder can be stressful. (与患有焦虑、抑郁或双相情感障碍等心理健康问题的室友住在一起可能会带来压力。)”说明和精神有问题的室友一起住可能会有压力，下文“But it’s also important to look out for yourself. (但照顾好自己也很重要。)”的But表转折，故可推测出空格处承上启下，也是说要照顾好室友，选项C“In cases like these, greater attention and patience are required.(在这种情况下，需要更多的关注和耐心。)”符合题意，表示在室友有精神问题的情况下，要对他给予更多的关注和耐心，照顾室友的感受,然后转折到下文照顾室友的同时也要照顾好自己。故选C项。 2．下文“If they say they need peace and quiet in the morning, do your best to honour that request. (如果他们说他们早上需要和平与宁静，请尽最大努力满足这一要求。)”中提出了具体实例的假设，说明前文空格处应该是这个情况的整体论述，选项F “Rather than tell your roommate what you think they should do, ask how you can be of help.(不要告诉你的室友你认为他们应该做什么，而是问你怎么能帮忙。)”符合题意，从整体上给出了一个建议，即要问你的室友自己能怎么提供帮助，前后你问室友答的顺序也符合逻辑。故选F项。 3．上文“First and foremost, don’t try to solve problems in an email or through texting. It’s too easy to misunderstand what someone means when you can’t hear their tone of voice or see their body language. (首先，不要试图通过电子邮件或短信来解决问题。当你听不见他们的语调或看不到他们的肢体语言时，很容易误解他们的意思。)”指出解决问题时不要通过电子邮件或短信，因为会误解对方的意思，下文“Not only are people more likely to be unkind on social media, but the whole world also becomes privy to your private business. (人们不仅更有可能在社交媒体上表现得不友善，而且整个世界都会了解你的私人事务。)”从上文的电子邮件或短信转而谈论社交媒体上的问题，说明空格处应该承上启下，选项G“And under no conditions should you ever try to deal with disagreement on social media. (在任何情况下，你都不应该试图在社交媒体上处理分歧。)”符合题意，由上文建议不使用电子邮件等转而谈论不要试图在社交媒体上处理分歧。故选G项。 4．设空处为本段的小标题，首先注意所选选项应该简洁，和其他小标题类似，使用祈使句。根据下文“Speaking about your feelings rather attacking the other person is one of the most important ways to handle conflict with anyone. (谈论你的感受，而不是攻击对方，是处理与任何人冲突的最重要方式之一。)”可知，本段主要是建议表达自我的感受，而不是攻击对方，可推断出本段的建议应该是从自己的感受出发，该怎么做。选项A“Use ‘I’ Statements. (使用‘我’的表述。)”符合题意，与下文的“Speaking about your feelings (谈论你的感受)”如出一辙。故选A项。 5．上文“Certain situations aren’t fixable. If you’ve expressed your concerns to your roommate, made concessions yourself, and nothing is changing, you may need to move to a different room or look for a new roommate or a new apartment .(某些情况是无法解决的。如果你已经向室友表达了你的担忧，自己做出了让步，但一切都没有改变，你可能需要搬到另一个房间，或者寻找新的室友或新公寓。)”说明解决室友精神问题无望后需要做的离开的选择，空格处为本段最后一句，对前文进行总结，选项D“Remember: your mental health needs to come first. (记住：你的心理健康是第一位的。)”延续本段语义，表示在处理这些问题时，最重要的还是要照顾好自己，符合上文所述的如果调解失败，可以选择离开。故选D项。 语篇类型二: 人与社会（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽亳州·期末）How Technology is Transforming the Education Rapid changes in technology influence education on a large scale. In the past education system, many students could not get educational opportunities due to a lack of resources. Thanks to the availability of technology, it has made easy accessibility of learning resources for students at any place. Learning management systems enable teachers to track student progress, identify areas of improvement, and provide targeted feedback. 1 . Today an increasing number of students prefer the online learning platform for getting an education. Online study not only provides the best education to students in their own place but also helps them to develop a better environment of learning. 2 . If students seriously take online classes, they can acquire all the essential skills as regular university students have. Rapid advancement in technology not only helps students but also teachers in teaching effectively. 3 . It is essential that the teacher should adopt technology-based learning to meet the teaching goals. Education institutes should motivate teachers to use technology as a supporting tool in teaching. Online assignment help service has set an example in the education industry. 4 . Adaptive learning platforms utilize data analytics to assess students’ strengths and weaknesses, enabling personalized learning pathways. Through adaptive algorithms, students receive customized content, exercises, and assessments based on their learning pace and preferences. This individualized approach enhances student outcomes by providing targeted support and addressing specific learning gaps. Thus, the advancement in technology plays a significant role in accelerating the learning of students. Adopting technology-based learning allow students to enhance more knowledge of a subject and develop several skills. 5 . A．It builds the motivation for self-learning B．The future of technology surely will benefit the whole society C．Thanks to technology, education has been changing greatly in many ways D．Teachers can use technology tools to make their lessons easy and funny E．Technology has made it possible to tailor education to individual student needs F．It helps students to perform well in academic tasks and boost their academic scores G．This kind of education improves students’ thinking research ability and decision-making power 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了技术革新对教育体系的全面影响。 1．上文‌“Learning management systems enable teachers to track student progress, identify areas of improvement, and provide targeted feedback. (学习管理系统使教师能够跟踪学生进度、识别改进领域并提供针对性反馈。)”介绍了技术对教学管理的优化，让教师能够跟踪学生进度，并提供针对性反馈。F选项‌“It helps students to perform well in academic tasks and boost their academic scores (它帮助学生更好完成学业任务并提高成绩)”与上文构成因果关系，说明技术管理带来的直接效益，且句中‌“it”指代前文技术应用。故选F项。 2．上文‌“Online study not only provides the best education to students in their own place but also helps them to develop a better environment of learning. (在线学习不仅提供优质教育，还帮助学生营造更好学习环境。)”强调在线教育优势。A选项‌“It builds the motivation for self-learning (它能培养自主学习动力)”递进补充在线教育的深层价值，与‌“better environment”形成能力培养的递进关系。故选A项。 3．上文‌“Rapid advancement in technology not only helps students but also teachers in teaching effectively (技术快速发展不仅帮助学生，也提升教师教学效能)”引出技术对教师的支持。D选项‌“Teachers can use technology tools to make their lessons easy and funny (教师运用技术工具使课堂轻松有趣)”具体例证技术如何赋能教学，与下文‌“technology-based learning”形成呼应。故选D项。 4．下文‌“Adaptive learning platforms utilize data analytics...(自适应学习平台运用数据分析...)”详述个性化学习技术。E选项‌“Technology has made it possible to tailor education to individual student needs (技术使因材施教成为可能)”作为总起句，与下文构成‌“观点+例证”关系，其中‌“tailor”与‌“adaptive”形成关键词复现。故选E项。 5．上文‌“Adopting technology-based learning allow students to enhance more knowledge of a subject and develop several skills. (采用以技术为基础的学习方式，可以让学生增强对某一学科的更多知识，并培养多种技能。)”总结技术教育优势。G选项‌“This kind of education improves students’ thinking research ability and decision-making power (这种教育提升学生思维研究能力与决策力)”从认知维度补充技术教育的深层影响，与‌“develop several skills”形成具体化对应。故选G项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽芜湖·期末）The adoption of smartphones among older adults is on the rise, reflecting a broader shift toward digital inclusion. Recent studies indicate that over 60% of seniors aged 70+ in developed countries now own a smartphone, a 20% increase from five years ago. 1 Beyond basic communication, they use these devices to access health apps, navigate public transport, and engage in online learning. Many seniors are driven by the need to bridge generational gaps, as younger family members increasingly rely on mobile platforms for communication. Video calls through apps like Skype or WeChat allow them to see grandchildren grow up in real time and messaging tools make daily communication easier. 2 Besides, smartphones offer a sense of autonomy, enabling them to manage tasks independently, such as ordering groceries or scheduling doctor’s appointments without relying on others. 3 While smartphones enhance seniors’ quality of life, they also present unique problems. The small screens and complex settings can cause frustration, with nearly 40% of older users reporting difficulty mastering advanced features. 4 What’s more, cybersecurity threats, such as phishing scams (网络钓鱼) targeting older adults, add another layer of concern, making them hesitant to use mobile payment services or share personal data. Despite these difficulties, the potential of smartphones to empower older adults is undeniable. Those who overcome initial barriers often experience increased lives. 5 As societies age, investing in digital reading and writing programs and user-friendly technologies will help seniors fully use smartphones, ensuring they enjoy living in an increasingly mobile-first world. A．These challenges highlight the need for simplified apps and targeted support. B．Both relational and practical motivations contribute to this rise. C．Thus, smartphones become a vital tool for maintaining family bonds across distances. D．The convenience of mobile technology has transformed daily life for all age groups. E．Older adults are also using smartphones to regain control over their daily routines. F．This increase marks a significant departure from previous generations’ tech avoidance. G．Issues like eye problems and memory decline further complicate tech adoption. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了智能手机在老年人中普及的现象、使用动机、积极影响及面临挑战。 1．由上文“Recent studies indicate that over 60% of seniors aged 70+ in developed countries now own a smartphone, a 20% increase from five years ago.(最近的研究表明，在发达国家，70岁以上的老年人中有超过60%的人现在拥有智能手机，比五年前增加了20%)”及下文“Beyond basic communication, they use these devices to access health apps, navigate public transport, and engage in online learning.(除了基本的通信，他们还使用这些设备访问健康应用程序、导航公共交通和参与在线学习)”可知，此处需强调这一增长的意义。F项“This increase marks a significant departure from previous generations’ tech avoidance.(这一增长标志着与前几代人对技术的回避相比有了重大转变)”中“This increase”指代前文“60%的拥有率”，强调老年人对科技态度的转变，既承接上文数据，又为下文“超越基本通信”的多样化用途做铺垫，符合逻辑。故选F项。 2．由上文“Video calls through apps like Skype or WeChat allow them to see grandchildren grow up in real time and messaging tools make daily communication easier.(通过Skype或微信等应用程序进行视频通话，可以让他们实时看到孙辈的成长，而消息工具则让日常交流更加轻松)”强调视频通话和消息工具便于家庭沟通；C项“Thus, smartphones become a vital tool for maintaining family bonds across distances.(因此，智能手机成为维持远距离家庭关系的重要工具)”与上文构成因果关系，“Thus”总结前文视频通话的作用，符合逻辑。故选C项。 3．由上文“Besides, smartphones after a sense of autonomy, enabling them to manage tasks independently, such as ordering groceries or scheduling doctor’s appointments without relying on others.(此外，智能手机还带来了一种自主感，使他们能够独立完成任务，例如订购杂货或预约医生而不依赖他人)”及下文“While smartphones enhance seniors’ quality of life, they also present unique problems.(虽然智能手机提高了老年人的生活质量，但也带来了独特的问题)”可知，此处需总结智能手机对老年人生活自主性的影响。B项“Both relational and practical motivations contribute to this rise.(人际关系和实际需求这两种动机促成了这一增长)”中“Both relational and practical motivations”分别对应前文的两种原因，“contribute to this rise”总结前文，起到段落收尾的作用。故选B项。 4．由上文“The small screens and complex settings can cause frustration, with nearly 40% of older users reporting difficulty mastering advanced features.(小屏幕和复杂的设置可能会令人沮丧，近40%的老年用户表示难以掌握高级功能)”及下文“What’s more, cybersecurity threats, such as phishing scams (网络钓鱼) targeting older adults, add another layer of concern, making them hesitant to use mobile payment services or share personal data.(此外，针对老年人的网络钓鱼等网络安全威胁增加了另一层担忧，使他们对使用移动支付服务或共享个人数据犹豫不决)”可知，此处需总结智能手机对老年人使用的挑战。G项“Issues like eye problems and memory decline further complicate tech adoption.(视力问题和记忆力衰退等问题进一步增加了技术采用的难度)”中“further”承接前文“屏幕和设置问题”，“eye problems and memory decline”具体说明老年人面临的生理障碍，与后文“网络安全威胁”形成并列，共同强调技术适老化改造的必要性。故选G项。 5．由上文“While smartphones enhance seniors’ quality of life, they also present unique problems.(虽然智能手机提高了老年人的生活质量，但也带来了独特的问题)”及下文“As societies age, investing in digital reading and writing programs and user-friendly technologies will help seniors fully use smartphones, ensuring they enjoy living in an increasingly mobile-first world.(随着社会老龄化，投资数字读写项目和用户友好型技术将帮助老年人充分利用智能手机，确保他们享受生活在日益移动优先的世界中)”可知，此处需提出解决老年人使用智能手机问题的建议。A项“These challenges highlight the need for simplified apps and targeted support.(这些挑战凸显了简化应用程序和提供针对性支持的必要性)”中“These challenges”指代前文“屏幕、设置、网络安全等问题”，“simplified apps and targeted support”与后文“user-friendly technologies”呼应，既总结问题，又引出解决方案，符合逻辑。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·吉林长春·期末）China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment 1 , according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. “Deep-sea mining has become 2 on science, technology, resources and industries, because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel (镍), copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry,” said Ye Cong, deputy director of the China Ship Scientific Research Center in Jiangsu province’s Wuxi. “A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. 3 will help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware 4 and at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve (收回) thousands of metric tons of ores (矿石) each day. However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware; which highlights the importance of 5 . A．a new frontier of international competition B．a new study of great importance C．used for deep-sea mining D．used for marine exploration E．Mining them from seabed F．government attention and investment G．fundamental to achieving deep-sea mining 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．G 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国在深海开采领域的发展研究现状。 1．根据下文的关键词“Deep-sea mining”可知，C项“used for deep-sea mining (用于深海开采)”表示中国研发设备的目的，本段“China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment used for deep-sea mining, according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. (中国造船业的一位高级研究员表示，中国将更加关注深海采矿技术和设备的研发)”为该篇文章的主题段落，指出了中国在深海开采领域的重点发展方向，故选C项。 2．根据下文的“because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry(因为海底有许多多金属结核，其中含有丰富的镍、铜、锰和钴，这些对可再生能源产业至关重要)”可知，A项“a new frontier of international competition(国际竞争的新前沿)”指出了深海开采的地位所在，“Deep-sea mining has become a new frontier of international competition on science(深海采矿已经成为国际科学、技术、资源和产业竞争的新前沿)”为本段的主题句，下文指出了进行深海开采的原因，故选A项。 3．上文的“A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. (我提到的金属在中国工厂广泛使用，其中很大一部分需要进口)”指出了中国某些金属资源的缺乏，再由上文的“because there are a lot of poly metallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry(因为海底有许多多金属结核，其中含有丰富的镍、铜、锰和钴，这些对可再生能源产业至关重要)”可知，金属资源的缺乏可以通过从海底开采得到缓解或解决，E项“Mining them from seabed(从海底开采)”指出了解决问题的办法，“Mining them from seabed will help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. (叶说，“从海底开采金属将有助于我们减少对外国供应商的严重依赖”，他是中国人民政治协商会议第十四届全国委员会委员)”指出了从海底开采带来的好处，故选E项。 4．根据下文的“at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve thousands of metric tons of ores each day(至少有一家公司已经启动了实验性的商业采矿作业，预计每天可回收数千吨矿石)”和上文的“Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware(在国际上，一些西方国家已经拥有了关键技术和制造主要硬件的能力)”可知做到深海开采是需要技术研发能力的，G项“fundamental to achieving deep-sea mining(深海开采所需)”指出了技术的使用范畴，与文章的关键词“Deep-sea mining”相呼应，故选G项。 5．根据上文的“However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware(然而，中国在知识、技术和硬件方面落后)”可知，现实的情况需要政府更多 关注并加大投入才能发生改变，F项“government attention and investment(政府的关注与投入)”指出了改变局面的做法，“However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware, which highlights the importance of government attention and investment. (然而，中国在知识、技术和硬件方面落后，这凸显了政府关注和投资的重要)”呼应文章首段，故选F项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·河北·期末）Effective Ways to Improve Your Communication Skills Have you ever dealt with a simple misunderstanding that could have been solved with more communication? 1 Someone with strong communication skills can build positive connections, strengthen their relationships, and solve conflicts. This guide can teach you the basics so you can get your point across quickly and calmly. Before you speak, it’s essential to organize your thoughts by using key points. A good rule is to choose three main points to center your conversation around. That way, if you stay away from the main point, you’ll be able to return to one or more of your points without feeling anxious. If possible, write your talking points down on your phone’s Notes app or an index card for reference. 2 Communication, however, is not just about talking. 3 By actively listening, you can measure how much of your message is getting through your listener(s) and whether or not it’s being received correctly or needs to be adjusted. If your audience needs clarification, asking for feedback us often helpful. Moreover, maintaining eye contact during a conversation or presentation can build connection, help convince others you’re trustworthy and show interest. During a conversation or presentation, maintain eye contact for as long as it feels natural. Nevertheless, be aware that eye contact is culturally determined. In some cultures, it is considered to be unsettling or inappropriate. 4 In addition to verbal and visual cues, your body language also plays a pivotal role in communication. Strive to reflect passion using soft, gentle, aware facial expressions. Avoid negative facial expressions, such as frowns or raised eyebrows. 5 If you need to learn the culture, ask questions about the communication challenges you might face before you start to speak with people in an unfamiliar cultural context. A．Communication is a two-way street. B．Pay attention to non-verbal communication. C．Ask about this in particular or do research in advance. D．Effective communication is about expressing your feelings clearly. E．Similarly, be sure to express clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding. F．This will help you stay on topic and be absolutely clear about your intention. G．What is or isn’t negative depends on the context, especially the cultural context. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个提高沟通技巧的建议。 1．上文“Have you ever dealt with a simple misunderstanding that could have been solved with more communication?(你是否曾经处理过一个简单的误解，而这个误解本可以通过更多的沟通来解决？)”指出有时一个误解可以用简单的沟通来解决，下文“Someone with strong communication skills can build positive connections, strengthen their relationships, and solve conflicts. (沟通能力强的人可以建立积极的联系，加强他们的关系，解决冲突)”指出沟通能力强的人能解决冲突。由此可知，有效的交流是清楚地表达自己。D项“有效的沟通是关于清楚地表达你的感受。”符合语境，承上启下。故选D。 2．空处位于段末，应承接上文。上文“If possible, write your talking points down on your phone’s Notes app or an index card for reference.(如果可能的话，把你的谈话要点写在手机的Notes应用程序或索引卡上以供参考)”建议可以把谈话的要点写在手机Notes应用程序或索引卡上，由此推知，空处应陈述这样做的好处。F项“这能帮助你紧扣主题，并且对自己的意图有绝对清晰的认知。”符合语境，this指代上文建议的方法。故选F。 3．根据上文“Communication, however, is not just about talking.(然而，沟通不仅仅是交谈)”和下文“By actively listening, you can measure how much of your message is getting through your listener(s) and whether or not it’s being received correctly or needs to be adjusted.(通过积极倾听，你能够判断自己传递的信息有多少被听者接收到了，以及这些信息是否被正确理解，或者是否需要进行调整)”可知，沟通不仅仅包括交谈还包括倾听，因此沟通是双向的。A项“沟通是双向的。”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。 4．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“During a conversation or presentation, maintain eye contact for as long as it feels natural. Nevertheless, be aware that eye contact is culturally determined. In some cultures, it is considered to be unsettling or inappropriate.(在交谈或演讲时，保持自然舒适的眼神交流即可。不过需要注意的是，眼神交流的方式因文化而异 —— 在某些文化中，这样的眼神接触会被视为令人不安或不合时宜的行为)”可知，交谈时要保持自然的眼神交流，但在某些文化中，眼神接触为被认为是令人不安的或不合时宜的。由此可知，在交流前可以询问或调查眼神交流问题。C项“特别询问这个问题，或者提前做研究。”符合语境。故选C。 5．上文“In addition to verbal and visual cues, your body language also plays a pivotal role in communication. Strive to reflect passion using soft, gentle, aware facial expressions. Avoid negative facial expressions, such as frowns or raised eyebrows.(除了语言信号和视觉信号，你的肢体语言在交流中也扮演着关键角色。要努力通过柔和、温和且专注的面部表情传递热情，同时避免负面的面部表情，比如皱眉或挑眉)”指出要用积极的肢体语言，同时避免负面的表情，结合下文“If you need to learn the culture, ask questions about the communication challenges you might face before you start to speak with people in an unfamiliar cultural context. (如果你需要了解相关文化，在与陌生文化背景的人交流之前，先问问对方你可能会遇到哪些沟通方面的问题)”可知，关于什么是积极什么是消极取决于文化背景。G项“某事是否带有负面意味，取决于具体语境，尤其是文化语境。”符合语境，承上启下，culture context是关键词。故选G。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·辽宁·期末）There was a time when sewing and mending clothes was common. 1 Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new. 2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion — not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant comers of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys. Why should you learn to mend? Mending is a great way to reject consumerism. 3 That means shopping for quality items that will stand the least of time. Also, by learning a few key skills, you can repair those items as needed rather than sentence them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It is also helpful to customize some items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date. 4 Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that newer is better. 5 You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique. It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable. If you are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time to learn the new skill, which can especially have a positive impact on the world. A．Yet there is still reason to hope. B．Another aspect of mending is mindfulness. C．It is also a means of maintaining a livelihood. D．The result? You will get what feels uniquely yours. E．Of course, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with. F．Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable. G．Without our awareness, though, it became something of a rarity. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了缝纫修补曾很普遍，后因多种原因变少。但近年慢时尚受关注，学习修补有诸多好处，且利于可持续发展，现在是学习的好时机。 1．根据上文“There was a time when sewing and mending clothes was common.(曾经有一段时间，缝补衣物是很常见的事情)”以及下文“Why have people stopped mending their clothing?(为什么人们不再自己缝补衣物了呢？)”可知，上文提到缝纫和修补衣服曾很常见，下文提问人们为何不再修补，本句说明这种常见行为在不经意间变得罕见，衔接上下文，解释了从普遍到少见的转变。故G选项“但如果没有我们的意识关注，它就变得相当罕见了”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据第一段“Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new.(为什么人们不再修补衣物了呢？学校不再开设家政课程，科技迅猛发展，快时尚也变得越来越流行。突然间，修理一件东西比买一件新的还要麻烦得多)”以及下文“In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion — not only saving, but also sewing and mending.(在过去几年里，人们对于慢时尚的兴趣似乎日益浓厚——不仅注重节约，还热衷于手工缝制和修补衣物)”可知，上文讲人们不再修补衣服的原因，下文转而说近年来人们对慢时尚的兴趣增长，出现很多相关视频，本句起到转折作用，引出积极变化，故A选项“但仍有希望存在的理由”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“Why should you learn to mend? Mending is a great way to reject consumerism.(为何要学习修补呢？修补是一种有效抵制消费主义的方式)”可知，本段讲学习修补的原因，提到修补是拒绝消费主义的好方法，本句进一步说明拒绝消费主义的根本做法是少买，与“拒绝消费主义”呼应，故E选项“当然，你首先能做的最好的事情就是减少购买”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据上文“That means shopping for quality items that will stand the least of time. Also, by learning a few key skills, you can repair those items as needed rather than sentence them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It is also helpful to customize some items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date.(这意味着要购买那些经久耐用、能经受时间考验的优质商品。此外，通过学习一些基本技能，您可以根据需要对这些物品进行维修，而不是让它们被永远丢弃在已经爆满的垃圾填埋场里。另外，对一些尺寸可能不太合适或有些过时的物品进行个性化处理也是很有帮助的)”可知，上文提到修补有助于定制不合身或过时的衣物，本句说明定制后的结果是拥有独特的衣物，承接上文，解释定制的意义。故D选项“结果呢？你会得到属于你自己的独特的东西”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据下文“You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique. It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable.(你专注于手头的任务，并运用自己的创造力让你的衣物独具特色。这是一种冥想般、缓慢的工作方式。它既高效又令人深感满足。而且还有一个额外的好处：这种方式是可持续的)”可知，下文描述修补时专注当下、发挥创造力，像冥想一样，B选项指出修补的另一个方面是专注力，总领下文内容，符合段落逻辑。故B选项“修复的另一个方面是专注力”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·辽宁朝阳·期末）How to Travel Sustainably (可持续地) in Puerto Rico From small, farm-sourced restaurant menus to guesthouse stays, community tours and Puerto Rican cultural workshops, Puerto Rico is strengthening its sustainable tourism scene. 1 Food trip in Old San Juan Sign up for a three-hour walk with Spoon Food Tours and get to know locals’ favourites for coffee, snacks and meals served at family-run businesses. The morning kicks off at Don Ruiz Coffee Shop. Try the mallorca, a kind of sweet pastry (油酥糕点), and wash it down with a cup of single origin coffee harvested from the 19th-century Ruiz plantation. 2 Learn Afro-Puerto Rican culture in Loíza The seaside town of Loíza in the Piñones region, a 20-minute drive east of San Juan, is known as the heart of Afro-Puerto Rican culture. Its outdoor drawings feature Afro-boricua women in colourful head wraps and loose dresses, while the interior shines with an open stage for dancing. 3 At the back, a boardwalk attracts hikers and bikers. Join Local Guest’s community experiences 4 Founders Carmen Portela and Monica Perez’s aim is to direct visitors towards culture and nature-rich communities, in turn providing the areas with a sustainable income. Unique experiences include caving, taking a pottery workshop or kayaking Puerto Rico’s longest river. Local Guest also runs a non-profit programme, which matches small volunteer groups with a variety of established community-based ongoing restoration (修复) projects for long-term impact. 5 An encouraging start from larger hotels, the new Puerto Rican owned Finca Victoria is a two-and-a-half-acre botanical farm guesthouse lying in the hills at the heart of the island. A 10-minute drive to Vieques’ beaches, this eco-conscious property provides relaxation, from its natural wooden house to its organic local farm-sourced vegetarian (素食者) breakfasts. A．Stay at an organic farm on Vieques B．Explore the farm-to-table dining scene. C．It isn’t just a typical dance but a heritage. D．Here’s a guide to travelling Puerto Rico sustainably. E．In-season fruit juices and desserts are also part of this food trip. F．You could not find a restaurant serving deep-fried pies filled with meat. G．A women-led tour company, Local Guest offers special experiences. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在波多黎各进行可持续旅行的相关内容，提供了包括在圣胡安老城品尝美食、在洛伊萨学习非裔波多黎各文化等可持续旅行的指南。 1．根据上文“From small, farm-sourced restaurant menus to guesthouse stays, community tours and Puerto Rican cultural workshops, Puerto Rico is strengthening its sustainable tourism scene. (从小型的农场食材餐厅菜单到民宿住宿、社区旅游和波多黎各文化工作坊，波多黎各正在加强其可持续旅游的发展。)”以及下文列举的具体可持续旅行方式可知，此处应引出下文的可持续旅行指南。D选项“Here’s a guide to travelling Puerto Rico sustainably. (这是一份在波多黎各进行可持续旅行的指南。)”起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选D项。 2．根据本段小标题“Food trip in Old San Juan (在圣胡安老城的美食之旅)”以及上文“Try the mallorca, a kind of sweet pastry (油酥糕点), and wash it down with a cup of single origin coffee harvested from the 19th-century Ruiz plantation. (尝尝马洛卡，一种甜油酥糕点，再配上一杯来自19世纪鲁伊斯种植园的单一产地咖啡。)”可知，此处介绍了食物之旅中可品尝的东西，由此可推断，此空应继续说明美食之旅的其他食物。E选项“In-season fruit juices and desserts are also part of this food trip. (应季果汁和甜点也是这次美食之旅的一部分。)”中的“food trip”与小标题相呼应，补充了美食之旅的内容，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据上文“Its outdoor drawings feature Afro-boricua women in colourful head wraps and loose dresses, while the interior shines with an open stage for dancing. (它的户外画作以头戴彩色头巾、身着宽松连衣裙的非裔波多黎各女性为特色，而室内则有一个开放式的舞蹈舞台。)”可知，此处应说明这种舞蹈的特殊性。C选项“It isn’t just a typical dance but a heritage. (这不仅仅是一种普通的舞蹈，更是一种遗产。)”中的“dance”与空前内容相呼应，强调了舞蹈的意义，符合语境。故选C项。 4．根据本段小标题“Join Local Guest’s community experiences (参与Local Guest的社区体验)”可知，空白处应该提及Local Guest这家公司。G选项“A women-led tour company, Local Guest offers special experiences. (Local Guest是一家由女性经营的旅游公司，提供特别的体验。)”中的“Local Guest”与小标题相呼应，介绍了该公司的特点，符合语境。故选G项。 5．此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据下文“An encouraging start from larger hotels, the new Puerto Rican owned Finca Victoria is a two-and-a-half-acre botanical farm guesthouse lying in the hills at the heart of the island. A 10-minute drive to Vieques’ beaches, this eco - conscious property provides relaxation, from its natural wooden house to its organic local farm-sourced vegetarian (素食者) breakfasts. (大型酒店的发展有了一个令人鼓舞的开端，而新开业的、由波多黎各人经营的芬卡·维多利亚酒店则是一座占地2.5英亩的植物农场民宿，坐落于岛中心的群山之中。这里距离别克斯岛的海滩仅10分钟车程，这座注重生态环保的酒店为客人提供舒适惬意的体验——从天然木质房屋到采用本地农场有机食材制作的素食早餐，无不彰显着这份闲适。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与在农场住宿相关。A选项“Stay at an organic farm on Vieques (住在别克斯岛的有机农场)”为祈使句，且能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 语篇类型三: 人与自然（6篇） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·江苏南京·期末）Pets Make Our Lives Better Pets bring more than just companionship — they offer many surprising benefits that can enrich our lives. Here are reasons why we are right to embrace our pet friends in life. Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. 1 They can offer unconditional support and a safe space to express feelings. Their calming effect helps owners manage stress and creates a sense of comfort and stability in difficult moments. 2 Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. 3 Pet waking is a great way of socializing. 4 Running into the same dog walkers frequently provides a chance to build up friendships. So not only can pets make our lives happier by being great companions, but they can help us find human companions too! In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. 5 Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories. A．We’re inviting love and joy into our lives. B．Owning a pet can enhance our feeling of security. C．So make the most of owning a pet and get outdoors. D．Owning a pet develops a strong sense of responsibility. E．Pets also need to socialize, which is good for their health. F．Their companionship helps reduce anxiety, loneliness, and emotional tension. G．Pets can be fantastic ice-breakers and help start conversations with fellow owners. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了宠物给我们生活带来的诸多益处，包括提供安慰、增强责任感、促进社交和增加户外活动。 1．上文“Pets offer a comforting presence, especially during stressful or challenging times. (宠物能带来令人安心的陪伴，尤其是在压力大或充满挑战的时刻。)”说明宠物在压力大或困难时期能带来安慰，空处承接上文，具体说明这种安慰如何体现，F选项“它们的陪伴有助于减少焦虑、孤独和情绪紧张”符合语境，进一步解释了宠物陪伴在缓解情绪方面的作用。故选F。 2．下文“Pet owners must ensure their animals receive proper care, including feeding, cleaning, and regular check-ups. This daily commitment teaches us time management and organization, and it helps develop empathy and the understanding that another life depends on our actions, making pet ownership a valuable learning experience. (宠物主人必须确保他们的动物得到适当的照顾，包括喂食、清洁和定期检查。这种日常的责任教我们时间管理和组织能力，并且有助于培养同理心，以及理解另一个生命依赖于我们的行为，使养宠物成为一种有价值的学习经历。)”说明养宠物需要承担照顾动物的责任，并能培养相关能力，D项“养宠物能培养强烈的责任感”适合作本段主旨句，引出下文对责任具体体现的阐述。故选D。 3．上文“Pets provide a perfect excuse to get out and keep active — whether it’s a jog through the woods with a dog or just a quick walk to pick up some cat food. Researches show that older adults who own a dog have a lower body mass index (BMI), make fewer visits to the doctor and do more exercise. (宠物为外出活动和保持活力提供了完美的理由——无论是和狗狗一起在树林里慢跑，还是快速步行去买些猫粮。研究表明，养狗的老年人身体质量指数（BMI）更低，看医生的次数更少，运动也更多。)”说明宠物能促使人们外出活动，且有研究支持这一观点，C项“所以充分利用养宠物的机会，到户外去”承接上文，基于前文论述提出建议，逻辑连贯。故选C。 4．上文“Pet waking is a great way of socializing. (遛宠物是社交的好方法)”说明遛宠物与社交的关联，空处进一步解释这种社交如何实现，G选项“宠物可以成为极好的破冰者，帮助与其他宠物主人开启对话”符合语境，具体说明宠物在社交中作为“破冰者”的作用，且与下文遇到相同遛狗者的场景呼应。故选G。 5．上文“In conclusion, owning a pet can be a rewarding experience that enriches our lives. (总之，养宠物是一种有益的经历，可以丰富我们的生活)”为总结句，说明养宠物的积极影响，空处需进一步升华主题，呼应下文“Imagine the joy of having a loyal companion waiting at home. Their company turns houses into homes filled with love and precious memories.(想象一下，有一个忠诚的伴侣在家等你的快乐。他们的公司把房子变成了充满爱和珍贵回忆的家。)”对宠物带来情感价值的描述，A选项“我们正在把爱和快乐引入我们的生活”符合语境，既总结了宠物带来的积极影响，又与下文“忠诚伴侣的等待”“充满爱和珍贵回忆的家”形成情感上的衔接。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·四川广安·期末）I always admired my grandmother Jenny’s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternoon in her backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there to grow tomatoes. She handed me a tiny seedling (幼苗) and shared stories of her own grandmother doing the same. It’s a family tradition! Over time, the tiny seedling had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy red tomatoes. 1 We spent hours in her kitchen making delicious homemade sauce out of them. Just the smell alone brought back so many memories. My time in the garden with my grandma showed me that gardening is more than just a hobby. 2 The garden became something we both loved, bringing us closer together and creating a strong bond. If the garden is your favorite place, consider inviting other family members to join you in the dirt. It’s a great way of bonding with people. 3 It has its tough moments, but the good thing is that every setback teaches us to be strong. Gardening is my personal therapist (治疗师). 4 Gardening has taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty of life’s cycles. It’s given me a sense of purpose and the joy of caring for something from seed to flower. In the garden, I’ve found comfort during difficult times and celebration during moments of success. 5 It offers a break from city life. It is a chance to grow as a gardener and person. And it brings the joy of watching life grow well under your care A．I find joy and peace in it. B．It’s a way to connect with our roots. C．The benefits of gardening are varied. D．Gardening is like painting with nature. E．I saw the moments as opportunities to learn. F．However, gardening isn’t all sunshine and flowering roses. G．Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与祖母一起种植番茄，并从中领悟到园艺的意义和乐趣，以及园艺对个人成长和心灵的治愈作用。 1．由上文“Over time, the tiny seedling had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy red tomatoes. (随着时间的推移，这棵小幼苗长成了一棵结满多汁红色番茄的大番茄植株)”及下文“We spent hours in her kitchen making delicious homemade sauce out of them. Just the smell alone brought back so many memories. (我们在她的厨房里花了几个小时用它们做美味的自制酱汁。光是这味道就勾起了许多回忆)”可知，这里描述了作者和祖母一起收获番茄并制作酱汁的快乐情景，G选项“Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. (和祖母一起收获那些番茄是我永远不会忘记的快乐)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 2．由上文“My time in the garden with my grandma showed me that gardening is more than just a hobby. (我和祖母在花园里的时光让我明白，园艺不仅仅是一种爱好)”及下文“The garden became something we both loved, bringing us closer together and creating a strong bond. (花园成了我们俩都喜爱的东西，拉近了我们的距离，建立了牢固的联系)”可知，本空应进一步阐述园艺的意义——让人们产生联系，B选项“It’s a way to connect with our roots. (这是一种与我们的根源联系的方式)”能够承接上文，说明园艺不仅是一种爱好，更是一种与根源联系的方式，同时引出下文，说明园艺如何拉近了作者和祖母的距离，符合题意。故选B。 3．由上文“If the garden is your favorite place, consider inviting other family members to join you in the dirt. It’s a great way of bonding with people. (如果花园是你最喜欢的地方，考虑邀请其他家庭成员和你一起在泥土里玩耍。这是与人建立联系的好方法)”及下文“It has its tough moments, but the good thing is that every setback teaches us to be strong. (它有艰难的时刻，但好处是每一次挫折都教会我们要坚强)”可知，本空应转折描述园艺并非总是轻松愉快的，F选项“However, gardening isn’t all sunshine and flowering roses. (然而，园艺并不全是阳光和盛开的玫瑰)”能够承接上文，说明园艺并非只有美好，同时引出下文，说明园艺也有挑战，符合题意。故选F。 4．由上文“Gardening is my personal therapist (治疗师). (园艺是我的私人治疗师)”及下文“Gardening has taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty of life’s cycles. It’s given me a sense of purpose and the joy of caring for something from seed to flower. (园艺教会了我耐心、韧性和生命循环的美丽。它给了我一种目标感和照顾某物从种子到花朵的喜悦)”可知，本空应描述园艺对作者心灵的治愈作用，A选项“I find joy and peace in it. (我在其中找到了快乐和宁静)”能够承接上文，说明园艺是作者的治疗师，同时引出下文，说明园艺如何给作者带来快乐和宁静，以及教会作者耐心和韧性等品质，符合题意。故选A。 5．由下文“It offers a break from city life. It is a chance to grow as a gardener and person. And it brings the joy of watching life grow well under your care. (它让人们从城市生活中解脱出来。这是一个作为园丁和个人成长的机会。它带来了看着生命在你的照顾下茁壮成长的喜悦)”可知，本空应总结园艺的多种益处，C选项“The benefits of gardening are varied. (园艺的好处是多方面的)”能够概括下文，说明园艺有多种益处，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·江西南昌·期末）As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it. We take fishes from the ocean — millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. 1 We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. 2 Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. 3 Seaweed becomes food of many kinds — even candy, and ice cream — as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. 4 But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea. The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give to the sea? Garbage. 5 Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life, too. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever. We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late. A．We even use their bones for fertilizer. B．Some of its contents may cause illness. C．Natural sponges become cleaning aids. D．The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller. E．We take a lot from the ocean and give little to the sea. F．We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump. G．Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们生活的地球周围都是海洋，我们从海洋中得到许多的矿物质，人们越来越依赖海洋的资源，但是人们却不断的污染海洋，作者希望人们减少海洋污染。 1．由上文“We take fishes from the ocean — millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. (我们每年从海洋中捕捞数百万公斤的鱼，来养活数百万人。)”可知，此句主要阐述人类从海洋获取鱼类资源这一行为。A选项“We even use their bones for fertilizer. (我们甚至用它们的骨头做肥料。)”，其中their指代前文的fishes，进一步说明人类对鱼类资源的深度利用，不仅获取鱼肉，还利用鱼骨制作肥料，是对人类从海洋获取资源行为的合理拓展，与上文逻辑紧密相连，使读者更全面地了解到人类从海洋获取资源的多样性。故选A。 2．由上文“One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. (获取盐的一种方法是将海水放在浅盆中，直到它蒸发。)”可知，该句重点围绕通过蒸发海水获取盐展开。G选项“Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation. (除了盐，蒸发后还会留下其他矿物质。)”直接针对蒸发海水这一过程，指出在获取盐的同时，蒸发过程还会使其他矿物质残留下来，是对上文内容的合理延伸和深化，让读者对通过蒸发海水获取资源有更全面、深入的认识。故选G。 3．由上文“Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. (海洋的其他馈赠还有珍珠、海绵和海藻。珍珠变成了珠宝。)”可知，此句依次列举了海洋的馈赠珍珠、海绵、海藻，并说明了珍珠的用途。按照逻辑顺序，接下来应该说明海绵或海藻的用途。C选项“Natural sponges become cleaning aids. (天然海绵成为清洁用品。)”，明确了天然海绵的用途，与前文列举海洋馈赠及其用途的结构和逻辑相符，使文章在介绍海洋馈赠及其用途时层次更加清晰、有条理。故选C。 4．由上文“We cannot drink ocean water. (我们不能饮用海水。)”以及下文“But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. (但是当盐分被去除后，海水就变成了淡水。)”可知，这里存在逻辑上的转折和补充说明。B选项“Some of its contents may cause illness. (海水中的一些成分可能会引起疾病。)”进一步解释了不能直接饮用海水的原因，即海水含有可能致病的成分，是对上文“不能饮用海水”这一内容的合理补充和说明，使读者更清楚为什么不能直接饮用海水，增强了文章内容的逻辑性和说服力。故选B。 5．由上文“What do we give to the sea? Garbage. (我们给予海洋什么？垃圾。)”可知，此句引出了人类向海洋排放垃圾的问题。F选项“We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump. (当我们把海洋当作垃圾场时，我们就在污染海洋。)”，直接针对人类向海洋排放垃圾的行为，指出这种行为会导致海洋污染，与上文紧密相连，逻辑清晰。同时，自然地引出后文关于海洋污染对海洋生态造成破坏的论述，如“Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life, too. (尽管海洋很大，但它无法容纳我们倒入的所有东西。向海洋倾倒垃圾也在杀死海洋生物。)”使文章内容连贯、完整。故选F。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·浙江衢州·期末）Once a tree seed takes root, it develops a stem that pushes out of the ground and eventually takes the familiar shape of a tree. 1 There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates. For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years. 2 They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10years but only live for 20. Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty). 3 However, they can live for over 1,000 years. Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow-or tall or not-so-tall. 4 Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold. If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life. 5 Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider. So basically, a tree is always growing and changing. That’s tree-rific! A．After that, they still grow in other ways. B．Gray birches grow as fast as 2 feet a year. C．Their leaf colors vary in different conditions. D．Those ways of growing help it survive in its habitat. E．It is interesting to know how long it takes for trees to grow. F．These giants complete much of their upward growth in their first 100 years. G．How long it takes to grow to its full height depends on many things — especially tree species! 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同树种生长速度和成熟情况存在差异，这取决于多种因素，包括树种本身、生长环境等，且树木即使达到一定高度后仍会以其他方式生长。 1．根据下文“There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates.(有成千上万种不同的树种，而且不同树种生长速度不同)”和下文“There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates.(世界上有上万种不同的树种，且不同树种的生长速度各异)” 可知，树的生长与树种有关。G选项“长到完整高度需要多长时间取决于很多因素 —— 尤其是树种！” 符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years.(例如，白橡树需要几十年才能长到 100 英尺或更高的完整高度。但它们可以活到 600 年)”及下文“They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10 years but only live for 20.(它们在大约 10 年达到 20 - 30 英尺的完整高度，但仅活 20 年)” 可知，此处应介绍另一种树的生长速度。B选项“桦树每年能长 2 英尺那么快”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty).(海岸红杉生长迅速、极高且寿命长。在早期，许多每年能长高超过 3 英尺。完全长成后，它们能高达 300 多英尺（大约和自由女神像一样高）)” 可知，选项承接前文关于海岸红杉生长情况的描述，进一步说明其向上生长阶段。F选项“这些巨树在最初的 100 年里完成了大部分向上的生长” 符合语境，故选F。 4．根据上文“Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow - or tall or not - so - tall.(树木成熟情况不同是因为每个物种都适应其特定栖息地。一棵树生长在特定的土壤中，与特定的动物和其他植物共生。一年四季，它所处的温度、水和阳光的量每年变化不大。一棵树可能长得快或慢 - 或高或不那么高)” 及下文 “Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold.(恶劣天气也会通过提供不合适的阳光、水、热量或寒冷程度来影响树木生长)” 可知，选项承上启下，解释前文树木生长与栖息地的关系，引出后文恶劣天气对生长的影响。D选项“那些生长方式帮助它在栖息地生存” 符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life.(如果树木得到它们需要的东西，它们通常在生命过半之前达到完整高度)”以及下文 “Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider.(每年，它们的树干、根和树枝会变粗)”可知，选项承上启下，引出后文树木树干、根和树枝变粗等其他生长方式。A选项“在那之后，它们仍然以其他方式生长” 符合语境，故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·吉林·期末）Could Eating Jellyfish Be Sustainable? Like giant sharks in films, jellyfish poses a major threat in real life — to kill people with their stings (叮咬). And the potential danger they cause doesn’t stop there. 1 . A research is even on whether box jellyfish could ultimately destroy our oceans — so could eating them be a possible solution? ● 2 ? Some people argue that due to their reproductive cycle, jellyfish are actually a sustainable food source. Removing a jellyfish from the ocean doesn’t stop new ones being born. This is because they are spawned (使大量产生) from polyps (水螅体)on the seabed. In some ways, you can compare them to apples. 3 . ●What about their nutritional value? Jellyfish contain 36 calories per ounce, which equals iceberg lettuce (莴苣). However, it is full of protein, making it potentially a great diet food. 4 , particularly in Asia, they are already consumed, often raw, fried or chopped up as part of a salad. ●But what do they taste like? 5 , others describe them as having a salty taste. This could be due to their absorbent nature, which also leads them to being often served in a sauce. As for the texture, some people negatively compare the experience to eating gristle (软骨). They might not be the tastiest thing you’ve ever eaten, but it beats fleeing the sea to avoid being stung. So the next time you want something fresh, look at jellyfish as a sustainable alternative. A．What is needed to cook them? B．How is their ability to reproduce? C．While some say they are flavourless D．It is easy for the fishermen to catch them. E．And indeed, in many parts of the world F．They are reported to attack fish farms, shut down power stations etc. G．When you take an apple from a tree, the tree still goes on to produce more apples 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨食用水母是否可持续，提及水母危害，从繁殖力、营养价值、味道说明其可作可持续食物，在多地被食用。 1．根据前文“Like giant sharks in films, jellyfish poses a major threat in real life — to kill people with their stings (叮咬). And the potential danger they cause doesn’t stop there. ( 就像电影里的巨鲨一样，水母在现实生活中也构成了重大威胁——用它们的刺杀死人。它们造成的潜在危险还不止于此。)”提到水母的潜在危险不止于蜇人，空格处应进一步列举其危害。F选项 “They are reported to attack fish farms, shut down power stations etc. (它们被报道攻击养鱼场、关闭发电站等。)”具体说明了水母的其他威胁，与上文衔接紧密，符合逻辑。故选F项。 2．此空为小标题，需概括该部分内容。根据下文“Some people argue that due to their reproductive cycle, jellyfish are actually a sustainable food source. Removing a jellyfish from the ocean doesn’t stop new ones being born. This is because they are spawned (使大量产生) from polyps (水螅体) on the seabed. ( 一些人认为，由于它们的繁殖周期，水母实际上是一种可持续的食物来源。将水母从海洋中移除并不会阻止新的水母诞生。这是因为它们是由海底的珊瑚虫繁殖而来的。)”可知，围绕水母的繁殖周期（reproductive cycle）展开，说明其繁殖能力强，是可持续的食物来源。B 选项“How is their ability to reproduce? (它们的繁殖能力如何？)”精准概括了该部分主题，适合作为该段的小标题。故选B项。 3．根据前文“In some ways, you can compare them to apples. (在某些方面，你可以把它们比作苹果。)”将水母与苹果作类比，说明移除水母后仍会有新的产生（如同从树上摘苹果，树还会结果）。G选项“When you take an apple from a tree, the tree still goes on to produce more apples. (当你从树上摘下一个苹果时，树仍然会继续结出更多的苹果。)”通过具体例子解释了这一类比，衔接自然。故选G项。 4．根据后文“particularly in Asia, they are already consumed, often raw, fried or chopped up as part of a salad. (特别是在亚洲，它们已经被食用，通常是生吃、油炸或切碎作为沙拉的一部分。)”提到尤其在亚洲，它们已被食用。E选项“And indeed, in many parts of the world (事实上，在世界许多地方)”能够引出在世界各地（包括亚洲）水母被食用的情况，与“particularly in Asia”形成递进关系，说明水母在多地被食用的现状，符合逻辑。故选E项。 5．根据小标题“But what do they taste like? (但是它们是什么味道呢？)”询问水母的味道，以及后文“others describe them as having a salty taste (其他人说它们有咸味。)”提示空格处应描述部分人的看法。C选项“While some say they are flavourless (有些人说它们没有味道。)”中 “some”与“others”呼应，构成“some...others...”的固定搭配，符合逻辑。故选C项。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·山东日照·期末）What do nine Hawaiian snails have in common with the Texas longhorn, the Florida black leopard and the California grizzly bear? They’re all U. S. state animals. 1 They are the country’s first-ever state snails. This past April, Hawaii passed a law to designate (指定) nine species of kāhuli — the Hawaiian word for the native land snails — as the state’s official snails. 2 Twenty-four-year-old Kaliko created a movement to have the state protect the snails. Kaliko, began volunteering at the Bishop Museum the summer after ninth grade with two of his friends. Evidence of the kāhuli’s historical abundance felt shocking as Kaliko prepared and scanned empty shells from the Bishop Museum’s collection. They painstakingly removed boxes from packed shelves, carefully handling the delicate remains of extinct snail species. The vibrant orange swirls of a snail shell belonging to the Carelia category caught their eye. 3 But the three-inch snails haven’t been seen on the island of Kauai since the mid-1900s and are assumed extinct. The 8-inch giant African snail and the 2.75-inch rosy wolf snail, are found throughout the state. 4 “I think that profound sadness is definitely the reason why I felt a strong urge to do the work that I was doing,” Kaliko says. Studying songs and stories about kāhuli helped them understand the creatures’ importance to their ancestors — the reason why, for instance, Hawaiians traditionally strung together lei (花环) consisting of thousands of kāhuli shells. 5 “This is a phenomenon that my ancestors were able to experience and I’m not able to experience,” Kaliko says. A．And the snails hold another notable distinction. B．The law was passed as a direct result of their advocacy. C．The story of Hawaii’s state snails originated with one student. D．The group once included the largest land snails native to the state. E．Hawaiians would have also heard the sound of a forest full of native snails. F．It proudly includes one of the world’s most comprehensive collections of land snails. G．However, they are among the most damaging non-native species to the local ecosystem. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．G 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了夏威夷指定九种本土蜗牛为州蜗牛，这是美国首批州蜗牛。此源于学生Kaliko的倡议，这些蜗牛对当地意义重大，却因外来物种等濒临灭绝。 1．根据上文“What do nine Hawaiian snails have in common with the Texas longhorn, the Florida black leopard and the California grizzly bear? They’re all U. S. state animals.(九种夏威夷蜗牛与德克萨斯州的长角牛、佛罗里达州的黑豹以及加利福尼亚州的灰熊有什么共同之处呢？它们都是美国的州动物)”以及后文“They are the country’s first-ever state snails.(它们是该国迄今为止发现的首批国宝级珍稀爬行动物)”可知，前文提到它们都是美国的州动物，后文指出“它们是该国首批州蜗牛”，故本句承接上文，引出其独特性，故A选项“而且这些蜗牛还有另一个显著的特点”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据后文“Twenty-four-year-old Kaliko created a movement to have the state protect the snails. Kaliko, began volunteering at the Bishop Museum the summer after ninth grade with two of his friends.(24岁的Kaliko发起了一项运动，旨在促使政府保护这些蜗牛。Kaliko在九年级结束后的那个夏天，与他的两个朋友一起开始在毕晓普博物馆进行志愿服务工作)”可知，后文介绍24岁的Kaliko发起保护蜗牛的运动，故本句引出下文对Kaliko的描述，故C选项“夏威夷州的蜗牛故事始于一名学生”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“Evidence of the kāhuli’s historical abundance felt shocking as Kaliko prepared and scanned empty shells from the Bishop Museum’s collection. They painstakingly removed boxes from packed shelves, carefully handling the delicate remains of extinct snail species. The vibrant orange swirls of a snail shell belonging to the Carelia category caught their eye.(卡胡利贝类生物曾经数量众多这一事实令人震惊，Kaliko一边准备一边仔细查看来自比斯普尔博物馆收藏的空贝壳。他小心翼翼地从装满的架子上取出盒子，小心翼翼地处理着这些已灭绝的蜗牛物种的脆弱遗骸。属于卡雷利亚类别的那种蜗牛壳上鲜艳的橙色漩涡图案吸引了他们的注意)”以及后文“But the three-inch snails haven’t been seen on the island of Kauai since the mid-1900s and are assumed extinct.(但自20世纪中期以来，这种三英寸长的蜗牛就再也没有在考艾岛出现过，人们认为它们已经灭绝了)”可知，前文提到卡雷利亚属蜗牛壳引起注意，后文转折说这种蜗牛已灭绝，故本句补充其曾经的特征，与后文的灭绝形成对比，故D选项“这个群体曾经包括该州本土最大的蜗牛种类”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据上文“The 8-inch giant African snail and the 2.75-inch rosy wolf snail, are found throughout the state.(8英寸长的非洲大蜗牛和2.75英寸长的玫瑰狼蜗牛遍布全州)”可知，前文提到非洲大蜗牛和玫瑰狼蜗牛遍布全州，本句转折说明其带来的影响，故G选项“但它们是破坏当地生态系统最严重的非本土物种之一”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Studying songs and stories about kāhuli helped them understand the creatures’ importance to their ancestors — the reason why, for instance, Hawaiians traditionally strung together lei (花环) consisting of thousands of kāhuli shells.(通过研究有关卡胡利的歌曲和故事，他们明白了这些生物对于他们祖先的重要性——比如，正是出于这个原因，夏威夷人传统上会用成千上万片卡胡利贝壳串成花环)”以及后文“This is a phenomenon that my ancestors were able to experience and I’m not able to experience(这是一种只有我的祖先能够经历而我却无法经历的现象)”可知，前文讲蜗牛对祖先的重要性（如做花环），本句进一步补充蜗牛在祖先生活中的存在，与后文Kaliko无法经历形成呼应，故E选项“夏威夷人还会听到一片满是本土蜗牛的森林发出的声音”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·河北廊坊·期中）As cities continue to grow, finding enough space to grow food becomes an increasing challenge. Traditional farming requires large areas of land, which are limited in urban environments. 1 This approach involves growing crops in vertically stacked layers (垂直叠层), often integrated into buildings like high-rises and industrial buildings. The benefits of vertical farming are numerous. First, it dramatically reduces the distance food needs to travel from farm to table. 2 Such localization guarantees fresher produce while cutting down on transportation-related pollution. Additionally, vertical farms use up to 95% less water than traditional agriculture because water is recycled within the system. 3 Since crops are grown indoors in controlled environments, there is no need for chemical pesticides (杀虫剂). This results in cleaner, healthier food and protects the surrounding ecosystem from harmful runoff. However, vertical farming also faces significant challenges. The initial cost of setting up a vertical farm is high, requiring investment in specialized lighting, climate control systems, and building modifications (改造). 4 For example, leafy greens and herbs grow well indoors, but it remains difficult to profitably grow crops like wheat or rice. Despite these challenges, many experts believe vertical farming will play an increasingly important role in our future food system. As technology continues to improve and costs gradually decrease, these urban farms are expected to become more common in cities around the world. 5 A．This method also has environmental advantages. B．After all, not all crops are suitable for this method. C．In some cities, residents have started rooftop gardens. D．Fortunately, an innovative farming method is emerging. E．Moreover, the range of crops that can be grown is currently limited. F．Imagine getting your salad from a farm just a few blocks from your home. G．In this way, we can create more sustainable cities for generations to come. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．G 【导语】文章主要介绍了垂直农业这一新兴的城市农业模式，包括其产生背景、优势、面临的挑战以及未来的发展前景。 1．根据前文“Traditional farming requires large areas of land, which are limited in urban environments. (传统农业需要大面积的耕地，而城市环境中的土地资源有限。)”可知，传统农业在城市中面临土地不足的问题。D选项“Fortunately, an innovative farming method is emerging! (幸运的是，一种创新的农业方式正在出现！)”承接前文，表明一种新的农业方式出现了，接下来后文“This approach involves growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often integrated into buildings like high-rises and industrial buildings. (这种种植方式是在垂直堆叠的多层空间里种植农作物，通常还会和高层楼宇、工业建筑等建筑融为一体。)”进一步介绍了这种新的农业方法，且E选项中的“an innovative farming method”与后文的“This approach”形成指代关系，引出后文对垂直农业的具体介绍。 2．根据前文“First, it dramatically reduces the distance food needs to travel from farm to table. (首先，它极大地缩短了食物从农场到餐桌所需的运输距离。)”可知，垂直农业的第一个优势是缩短运输距离。F选项“Imagine getting your salad from a farm just a few blocks from your home. (想象一下，你的沙拉来自离家仅几个街区的农场。)”通过具体的生活场景形象地说明了食物产地离消费者很近，正是对前文“缩短运输距离”这一优势的例证。同时后文“Such localization guarantees fresher produce while cutting down on transportation-related pollution. (这种本地化保证了农产品更新鲜，同时减少了与运输相关的污染。)”中的“Such localization”也回指了F选项中描述的“离家几个街区”的情景。 3．空处应为本段主题句。前文“Additionally, vertical farms use up to 95% less water than traditional agriculture because water is recycled within the system. (此外，垂直农场的用水量比传统农业少95%，因为水在系统内是循环利用的。)”已经提到了节水的优势。后文“Since crops are grown indoors in controlled environments, there is no need for chemical pesticides. (由于作物在受控的室内环境中生长，不需要使用化学杀虫剂。)”介绍垂直农业在环保方面的好处。A选项“This method also has environmental advantages. (这种方法还具有环保优势。)”中的“also”表明在前文节水优势基础上的补充，“environmental advantages”则准确概括后文所述的无农药、保护生态系统等内容，起到段落主题句的作用。 4．前文“The initial cost of setting up a vertical farm is high, requiring investment in specialized lighting, climate control systems, and building modifications (改造). (建设垂直农场的初期成本较高，需要投入资金购置专业照明设备、气候控制系统，并对建筑进行改造。)”表明垂直农业面临的第一个挑战是成本高。E选项“Moreover, the range of crops that can be grown is currently limited. (此外，目前可种植的作物范围是有限的。)”表明除成本高外，还有可种植的作物范围有限的挑战，是对前文的顺承。且后文“For example, leafy greens and herbs grow well indoors, but it remains difficult to profitably grow crops like wheat or rice. (例如，叶菜和香草类植物在室内生长良好，但种植小麦或水稻等作物仍然难以盈利。)”正是对E选项所述内容的举例说明，即E选项起到承上启下的作用。 5．前文“As technology continues to improve and costs gradually decrease, these urban farms are expected to become more common in cities around the world. (随着技术的不断进步和成本的逐渐降低，这些城市农场预计将在世界各地的城市中变得更加普遍。)”阐述了垂直农业未来将更加普及的发展趋势。G选项“In this way, we can create more sustainable cities for generations to come. (通过这种方式，我们可以为子孙后代创建更具可持续性的城市。)”中的“In this way”回指前文所述垂直农业发展的积极趋势，且该项中的“more sustainable cities”与全文第一句“As cities continue to grow, finding enough space to grow food becomes an increasing challenge. (随着城市不断扩张，寻找足够的粮食种植空间正成为日益严峻的挑战。)”中的“cities continue to grow”形成首尾呼应，并升华主题，适合作为全文的总结性语句。 Passage 2 （2026·安徽·三模）Between take-off and landing, distinctive Chinese cultural charm fills every corner of China’s airports. 1 Unlike many airports elsewhere dominated by huge eye-catching billboards and large shopping areas, China’s airports provide visitors with authentic local food and traditional cultural experiences. From Shanghai to Xi’ an, and from Xi’an to Beijing, China’s airports appear markedly different from those in industrialized nations and emerging countries. 2 But China’s airports, which are large, modern, technologically advanced, are designed with passenger welfare prioritized over the profiting from space. This is easy to notice while moving through the terminal. China’s airports display local products in their shops, yet one must actively search to find cultural symbols which are presented without overt pride or any sense of undermining other cultures and traditions. 3 There appears to be an operational harmony between passengers and airport management, with passenger welfare placed at the center of airport governance. 4 However, it is rare to see obviously stressed passengers in China’s airports. Digital tools cut queues, reduce confusion, and ease travelers’ pressure. Digitalization has further enhanced travelers’ well-being and overall experience, contributing to a smoother and more humane airport environment. Deep-rooted national beliefs and harmonious Chinese cultural values, together with their practical implications in daily life, underpin the operational philosophy and cultural atmosphere of China’s airports. Superior efficiency remains another core feature, providing the world with an innovative alternative model. Unlike airport systems dominated by private commercial enterprises, these public service hubs put passengers first and safeguard public interests above all. With friendly hospitality and cutting-edge infrastructure, China’s airports greet international travelers with great warmth, embodying the remarkable modern progress of the country. 5 A．So passengers are central, not commercial profit. B．Travelling in advanced capitalist countries is often stressful. C．There are no signs of blind localism or nationalism in the airports. D．Passengers can feel this warm atmosphere the moment they step inside. E．Some airports elsewhere operate mainly like companies’ selling space. F．This people-oriented development approach has proven highly practical and successful. G．In contrast, many airports abroad are designed to turn passengers’ waiting into profit-making time. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文通过对比中外机场的设计理念与运营差异，介绍中国机场饱含中华文化韵味、以人为本、弱化商业牟利、氛围和谐、数字化便民、服务优先的特点与优势。 1．根据上文“Between take-off and landing, distinctive Chinese cultural charm fills every corner of China’s airports.(起降之间，中国机场的每个角落都充满独特的中国文化韵味)” 可知，空格处承接上文，说明中国文化韵味给乘客带来的感受。D选项“Passengers can feel this warm atmosphere the moment they step inside.(乘客一走进机场就能感受到这种温暖的氛围)”符合语境。 2．根据下文“But China’ airports, which are large, modern, technologically advanced, are designed with passenger welfare prioritized over the profiting from space(但中国机场规模大、现代化、技术先进，设计上把旅客福祉放在首位，而非利用空间牟利)”可知，空格处先介绍国外部分机场以运营模式，与中国机场形成转折对比。E选项“Some airports elsewhere operate mainly like companies’ selling space.(其他地方的一些机场运营起来主要像售卖场地的公司)”引出下文对比，符合语境。 3．根据上文“China’s airports display local products in their shops, yet one must actively search to find cultural symbols which are presented without overt pride or any sense of undermining other cultures and traditions.(中国各大机场的商铺里都陈列着本地特色商品，但人们需要刻意留意，才能发现那些文化符号；这些符号的展示不刻意张扬自豪，也毫无贬低其他文化与传统的意味)”以及后文“There appears to be an operational harmony between passengers and airport management, with passenger welfare placed at the center of airport governance.(旅客与机场管理方之间呈现出运营上的和谐融洽，机场管理始终把旅客权益与服务体验放在核心位置)”可知，空格处进一步说明机场的和谐气氛。C选项“There are no signs of blind localism or nationalism in the airports.(机场里没有盲目地方主义或民族主义的迹象)”承接上下文内容。 4．根据下文“However, it is rare to see obviously stressed passengers in China’s airports.(然而在中国机场，很少能看到明显焦虑疲惫的乘客)”可知，空格处与后文形成转折关系。B选项“Travelling in advanced capitalist countries is often stressful.(在发达资本主义国家旅行往往压力很大)” 构成语义转折，符合语境。 5．根据上文“With friendly hospitality and cutting-edge infrastructure, China’s airports greet international travelers with great warmth, embodying the remarkable modern progress of the country.(凭借热情周到的待客之道与顶尖先进的基础设施，中国机场以满满的热忱迎接国际旅客，彰显着中国举世瞩目的现代化发展成就)”可知，空格处总结这种以人为本的发展模式实用且成效显著。F选项“This people-oriented development approach has proven highly practical and successful.(这种以人为本的发展方式已被证明非常实用且很成功)” 总结全文、升华主旨。 Passage 3 （25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Education is about learning, enriching our lives and making us better citizens and independent thinkers. 1 But over the last decade and a half, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. This has led to inflation (通货膨胀) in both. Degree inflation means employers require a bachelor’s degree or more for work that really doesn’t need it. Fortunately, hiring managers have begun to learn that, and degree requirements have been declining in many fields. 2 An analysis showed that grades in the Los Angeles have been rising while scores on nationwide standardized exams have been crashing. The gaps between grades and test scores are immense and consistent. Students’ actual mastery of the material declines despite their more credits and higher grades in math. 3 To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with F grade, so grade point averages have consistently risen. Plus, there is huge pressure from students and their parents. In a 2023 survey, educators said roughly half of students requested higher grades than they had earned and that 8 out of 10 teachers gave in, for a third of students and parents bother them when they don’t. Inflated grades damage the college admission process. While colleges used to regard high school grade point averages as the best predictor of higher education success, their predictive value has decreased. 4 Consequently, some students, armed with good grades, march off to college, only to find themselves in remedial classes (补习班) because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. We have to ask ourselves: Do we want education to be about intellectual growth or a performance driven by grade inflation? 5 A．Grade inflation results from multiple factors. B．Its core mission is globally recognized by educators. C．Standardized tests reflect real academic performance effectively. D．Yet grade inflation shows no sign of slowing down in this period. E．After all, education should return to original nurturing of learners. F．A high grade no longer guarantees a student’s academic competence. G．Many teachers are tired of parents’ endless requests for higher grades. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】这篇文章主要探讨了教育领域的分数通胀与学位通胀问题，分析了其成因、危害，并呼吁教育回归培养学习者的本质。 1．上文“Education is about learning, enriching our lives and making us better citizens and independent thinkers.(教育在于学习，丰富我们的生活，并使我们成为更好的公民和独立思考者。)”明确阐述了教育的核心内涵（学习、丰富生活、培养公民与独立思考者），下文“But over the last decade and a half, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees.(但在过去的十五年里，学习的目标逐渐被成绩和学位所取代。)”用“But”转折，指出如今学习目标已让位于分数和学位。B选项“Its core mission is globally recognized by educators.(其核心使命已被教育界广泛认可。)”中的“Its”精准指代前文的 “Education”，“core mission”（核心使命）对应前文对教育价值的定义，先肯定教育使命的普世认可，再转折引出当下的问题，逻辑链条完整。 2．上文“Fortunately, hiring managers have begun to learn that, and degree requirements have been declining in many fields.(幸运的是，招聘经理们已经开始意识到这一点，许多领域的学位要求正在降低。)”说“幸运的是，许多领域的学位要求正在下降”（学位通胀有所缓解），下文“An analysis showed that grades in the Los Angeles have been rising while scores on nationwide standardized exams have been crashing.( 一项分析显示，洛杉矶的学生成绩一直在上升，而全国性的标准化考试成绩却在下降。)”立刻用数据说明“成绩上升但标准化考试分数暴跌”（分数通胀严重）。D选项“Yet grade inflation shows no sign of slowing down in this period.(然而，在此期间，成绩虚高的现象丝毫没有减缓的迹象。)”“Yet”（然而）表示强烈转折，将“学位通胀好转”与“分数通胀加剧” 形成对比，自然过渡到下文对分数通胀的重点讨论。 3．空格位于段首，后文“To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with F grade, so grade point averages have consistently risen. Plus, there is huge pressure from students and their parents.(为了避免打击学生们的积极性，一些学区取消了“F”等级，因此平均学分绩点一直在上升。此外，来自学生和家长的巨大压力也促使这种情况发生。)”分别列举了两个原因：① 部分学区取消 F 等级以避免打击学生；② 学生和家长的巨大压力。A 选项“Grade inflation results from multiple factors.(学生成绩的通胀是由多种因素造成的。)”是典型的总起句，“multiple factors”（多种因素）精准概括了后文的两个分论点，起到了统领全段的作用。 4．上文“While colleges used to regard high school grade point averages as the best predictor of higher education success, their predictive value has decreased. (过去，大学将高中平均学分绩点视为衡量高等教育成功的重要指标，但这种预测作用已经减弱。)”说“高中 GPA 的预测价值已经下降”，下文“Consequently, some students, armed with good grades, march off to college, only to find themselves in remedial classes (补习班) because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses.(因此，一些成绩优异的学生进入大学后，却发现由于没有掌握足够的知识，无法修读大学课程，只能参加补习课程。)”说“因此，很多拿着高分的学生进入大学后需要上补习班”。F选项“A high grade no longer guarantees a student’s academic competence.(高分不再能保证学生的学业能力。)”解释了“预测价值下降”的本质原因 —— 高分不再等同于实际学术能力，这正是导致学生进入大学后跟不上课程的直接原因，完美衔接了前后的因果关系。 5．上文“We have to ask ourselves: Do we want education to be about intellectual growth or a performance driven by grade inflation? (我们必须扪心自问：我们希望教育是关于智力的提升，还是仅仅是一种由成绩膨胀所驱动的表现？)”用设问句提出核心问题：“我们想要的是智力成长的教育，还是分数通胀驱动的表演？”E选项“After all, education should return to original nurturing of learners.(最终，教育应当回归到对学生的原初培养上。)”给出了明确的答案和呼吁，“return to original nurturing”（回归最初的培养）呼应了文章开头对教育本质的定义，收束全文，点明主旨。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $