专题 05 阅读与表达（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期北师大版

**基本信息** 该专项聚焦阅读与表达，通过多主题文本设计细节理解、判断解释、开放表达题型，系统培养语言理解与表达能力，契合期末备考需求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|12题（如Lucy早起问题）|考查文本信息定位与提取|从基础信息识别到语言转换，夯实语言能力| |判断解释|12题（如Mark受鼓励建shelter）|需对比原文找错误并分析原因|训练批判性思维，提升思维品质| |开放表达|12题（如从Lucy学到的）|结合文本主题与个人经验表达|融合文化意识与学习能力，实现综合应用|

专题05 阅读与表达（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市石景山区·期末） Lucy always had trouble waking up early in the morning. She would hit the snooze button (贪睡按钮) multiple times and often rush to school in a panic. As a result, she was often late to class, and struggled to focus during lessons. Her grades began to slip, and her teachers sometimes reminded her to pay more attention. Lucy knew something had to change. She started by setting a goal: waking up at 6:30 a. m. every day. She placed her alarm clock across the room so that she had to get out of bed to turn it off. She also planned her mornings carefully, including a short workout, a healthy breakfast, and a few minutes to review her schedule. At first, it was hard. She felt tired in the morning and wanted to sleep longer. But she kept reminding herself of the benefits: more energy, better focus, and less stress. After a few weeks, waking up early became easier. She started feeling more refreshed and had enough time to prepare for school calmly. Her new routine also helped her in other ways. Her academic performance began to improve and her test scores started to rise. And Lucy even began developing new interests, such as reading novels and painting, which made her feel more balanced and inspired. Now, Lucy enjoys her mornings and feels proud of her progress. She has learned that with patience, consistency, and effort, good habits can replace bad ones and lead to lasting improvement. 40. What problem did Lucy have in the morning? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What happened to Lucy’s test scores with her new routine? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Lucy began developing new interests, such as reading novels and painting because she felt tired of her academic performance. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you learn from Lucy? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市海淀区·期末） Many people feel pressured to “find” their purpose — a single revelation that brings deep fulfillment. The reality is that purpose is not something to find; it’s something we create. And to do this, we need to recognize the “purpose anchors” that already exist around us. A purpose anchor can be thought of as a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. So, how do we identify them? To reconnect with your purpose, it can be helpful to think back to what excited you as a child. What activities or hobbies made you lose track of time? What were you drawn to instinctively, before you learned to doubt or suppress those desires? Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted (纯净的) passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward. Sometimes, our purpose becomes clouded by the overwhelming number of tasks and responsibilities. Over time, we may find ourselves buried under a mountain of obligations, many of which drain our energy and prevent us from engaging with what truly matters. A great way to identify purpose anchors is by practicing the art of subtraction. Make a list of all your work-related roles and responsibilities. Which ones drain your energy? Remove or reduce them, so you can focus on what remains — something that gives you energy and a sense of meaning. If neither of the above methods seem to yield results, consider trying the “spaghetti method”. This approach is all about experimentation. Throw a bunch of “spaghetti” against the wall and see what sticks. Say yes to people or opportunities you might typically avoid. Try activities that make you slightly uncomfortable or curious. Push yourself outside your usual routines to discover new experiences that might light you up. Allow yourself to be guided by curiosity rather than certainty. If you try something and it excites you, that could very well be a purpose anchor in the making. Building a life of purpose isn’t about waiting for the perfect revelation to come. It’s about creating your life step by step. 38. What is a purpose anchor according to the passage? ________________________________________________________________ 39. How do joys of childhood help identify your life purpose? ________________________________________________________________ 40. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities. ________________________________________________________________ 41. Besides the methods in the passage, what is your way to find a purpose anchor? Please explain. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________ Passage 3（2025北京高考） There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 40．What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? 41．How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. 43．How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) Passage 4（2024-2025高二下·北京市丰台区·期末） In a time when the term “attention economy” is as common as the phones and computers that keep us looking at screens, every scroll, click, like, and share is not just a simple action. It’s a trade using the world’s most valuable “money”: our attention. This system views our focus as a limited resource that companies try to get and make money from. It has changed deeply how we interact with others, meaning we need to look closer at it—not just see it as a popular phrase. Consider this: every moment of your day, from the minute you wake up to the second you fall asleep, is a series of decisions about where to assign your attention. When we direct our focus towards one activity, we inherently dismiss countless others. These daily choices define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. The attention economy is a double-edged sword. On one side, it offers a tailored world where our preferences and interests guide the content and opportunities presented to us. On the other, it poses significant challenges that threaten to weaken the quality of our attention, our relationships, and our understanding of the world. As we move forward, the task at hand is not just to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that respects and enriches our most precious resource: our attention. To overcome the challenges, I can ask my family what caught their attention on social media today, sparking a conversation that bridges our digital divide. By paying attention to what we pay attention to, we not only enrich our own lives but also strengthen the bonds that connect us to one another. 40. What do our daily choices do to our lives? __________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can the author overcome the challenges that the attention economy poses? __________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Moving ahead, our primary challenge is not merely to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that saves our most precious resource: our attention. __________________________________________________________________________ 43. How do your daily attention choices shape your life? __________________________________________________________________________ Passage 5（2024-2025高二下·北京市延庆区·期末） It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable. A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined world of a book and readers’ world around them. At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer. There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are too unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities. 40. What is one of the most emotionally efficient means in literature? _________________________________________________________________ 41. How can people get a relief when suffering from stress? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. _________________________________________________________________ 43. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ Passage 6（2025-2026高二下·北京市顺义区牛栏山一中·4月月考） Sustainable travel is about travelling in a way that’s sensitive to the climate and nature emergencies while ensuring that the wellbeing of the places we visit gain long-term benefit from our travelling there. Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. It also makes it much easier to travel around. A useful device for packing economically is to consider the three Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. Transport accounts for at least 70% of a holiday’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of travelling is to reduce the travel distance and choose transportation that burns less, or ideally no fossil fuel. There’s a steep difference in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by aeroplanes compared with most land-based vehicles. There are concerted efforts to decarbonise air travel using alternative fuels and methods of propulsion, such as via electricity and hydrogen. There are other factors that will affect your carbon emissions when you’re at the destination, including your choice of hotel and the food you eat. For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. In fact, many eco-certified accommodations do much more than reducing their carbon emissions. They also reduce the amount of waste they send to landfill and cut down on the use of chemicals and water. When it comes to food, feasting on local, seasonal food not only conveys a sense of place better than any travel brochure, but is also much better for the environment. 40. According to the passage, what is being a sustainable traveller about? _____________________________________________________________ 41. Why is packing less considered more eco-friendly? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. _____________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to sustainable travel, how can you live a sustainable life? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ Passage 7（2024-2025高二下·北京市通州区·期末） Do you ever find yourself looking back on earlier times, remembering happy moments from the past? Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. It is bitter because you long for things that are no more but sweet as you enjoy remembering your past happiness. In today’s culture, expressions of nostalgia are becoming common. People share old social media posts remembering the good old days, buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. Noticing these trends, companies are offering products similar to those of earlier decades, like classic video games adjusted for new consoles and new games imitating early video games. Social media platforms offer filters that can make pictures look like old photographs. Some restaurants feature some dishes from the 1970s. The popularity of these products shows that those people want to experience nostalgia. This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of sense because this feeling has psychological benefits. It can improve a person’s mood and self-esteem, sometimes helping people handle difficult transitions in life. It can also help people connect with others as they share memories. But nostalgia can also lead to emotional problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find motivation to improve their current situation. Nostalgia can also lead people to view earlier stages of life with rose-colored glasses. They may forget about or ignore past hardships, thinking only about the positive side of things. How can you find a balance, remembering the past without letting it interfere (干扰) with the present? Try to recognize and be grateful for the positives in your current situation. While remembering the past, reflect on lessons you’ve learned and ways you’ve grown over the years. Share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or bonding over shared experiences. 40. According to this passage, what is nostalgia? ______________________________________________________________ 41. How do people express nostalgia in today’s culture? ______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Nostalgia has beneficial effects on people coping with difficult transitions without any negative consequences on their present life. ______________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) have you got from your nostalgia experience? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________ Passage 8（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区三十五中·3月月考） Learning to Manage Your Emotions In daily life, human beings routinely experience a rich range of emotions, ranging from joy, sorrow and anger to fear and overwhelming worries. Rather than simply judging emotions as purely positive or negative, psychological experts advocate that individuals should strive to comprehend and regulate these inner feelings through healthy, proper approaches. One effective approach is known as “emotion labelling”. When filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease, try to describe how you feel with clear words. For example, you might whisper to yourself, “I feel anxious because I am about to take a crucial examination tomorrow.” Merely identifying and naming the emotion can significantly weaken its power, helping you regain calm and stay in control. Scientific studies have proven that people skilled at emotion labelling are more capable of calming their minds and making sensible judgments under pressure. Another practical strategy is to carry out careful emotion regulation. This concept refers to resisting the urge to let temporary feelings control actions. For instance, when consumed by anger, instead of reacting impulsively, you can pause to take slow, deep breaths, count silently to ten, or take a brief walk outdoors to cool down. This gives you time to reflect carefully and select a polite, appropriate response. Expressing emotions properly is equally vital. Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can trigger constant stress, physical discomfort like headaches, and even severe mental health disorders. You can talk to a trusted friend, write down your thoughts in a diary, or consult a teacher or school counselor. Letting out feelings properly protects your mental health and also makes your relationships with others stronger. In conclusion, emotions are an unavoidable part of human nature. Mastering the art of understanding and managing emotions enables us to embrace a happier, healthier and more balanced life. 40. How many kinds of emotions are mentioned at the beginning of the text? _______________________________________________________________________ 41. What is “emotion labelling” according to the passage? _______________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can only lead to physical body problems. _______________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to manage your emotions in your daily life? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市朝阳区·期末） Every year, as birds make their journeys hundreds — sometimes thousands — of miles across whole continents, they attract the attention of bird-watchers. People gather along wetlands and shorelines, cold hands holding their telescopes and excitement growing in their stomachs. For outsiders of bird-watching, a bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation, such as an old grandma sitting at her feeder looking at different birds. However, according to the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated recreation, there were 4.7 million young bird-watchers in 2016 and 10. 8 million in 2022. Why exactly has this rapid growth happened? Technology may be the real gateway these days. Families might introduce young people to bird-watching, but apps and social media networks are helping them keep up their commitment to the hobby. Once interested, teenagers find the benefits of bird-watching are truly noticeable: it helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. Teenage bird-watchers are finding their own digital way into a very traditional and meaningful activity. Sadie Cosby, a 17-year-old senior in Richmond, recognizes the appeal of online bird-watching platforms. She’s even part of a unique online chat group that sends messages when there is a rare bird in the area. Although Cosby says she prefers to bird-watch alone and uses it as a way to disconnect, she also enjoys being connected to other bird-watchers online. “I think because we’re kind of the smartphone generation, it’s easier for us to relate to bird-watching through all of the platforms,” says Cosby. Cosby is just a member of a much larger and closely networked community of young bird-watchers. And though they share much in common with older generations of bird-watchers when it comes to their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, they also have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. 50. For outsiders of bird-watching, what kind of person is usually a bird-watcher? _____________________________________________________________ 51. What are the benefits of bird-watching for teenagers? _____________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young. _____________________________________________________________ 53. Besides bird-watching what other hobby would you like to develop in Cosby’s way? And how can you develop it? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市东城区·期末） We live in a world where modern technology feeds into our urge for instant rewards. With just a click, we can watch videos, order food, or buy things online. This ease of accessing pleasures strengthens the temptation (诱惑) to give in to instant gratification rather than work towards long-term goals. Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. It dates back to the initial stages of humanity, when our ancestors lived in uncertain times with an unpredictable future. The unpredictable future made delaying gratification risky. This concept has become increasingly relevant in today’s world, providing us with a sense of satisfaction and achievement when we experience immediate rewards for our actions or decisions. When we move toward our goals, sometimes things get tough. Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. However, consistently giving in to the temptation of quick rewards can rewire our brains, affecting our capacity for patience and self-control and overshadowing the importance of long-term planning in every aspect of our lives. The immediate rewards offered by social media in the form of likes, shares, and comments can lead to addictive behaviours. Additionally, this trend can cause a lack of attention focus among users of all ages. The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies. The desire to avoid physical activities and choose immediate comfort outweighs the potential positive outcomes of improved fitness and well-being, leading us to skip exercise. The need for speedy outcomes can reduce our ability to wait for more rewarding achievements. Therefore, understanding how instant gratification affects us is an essential part of maintaining balance in life. Learning how to recognize when immediate rewards are helpful rather than holding back progress is key to having healthy relationships with ourselves and others around us. 40. What does instant gratification refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can instant gratification help us if it is used properly? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How will you avoid the negative impacts of instant gratification? (About 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3（2024-2025高二下·北京市西城区·期末） We live in a world filled with distractions. Everywhere we look, we can find instant pleasures available for next-day delivery right to our homes. In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. But research shows it makes all the difference in achieving a more important and satisfying goal. Delayed gratification and instant gratification involve the timing and approach to achieving satisfaction or rewards. The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. An example of this could be when a young man chooses to resist the urge to splurge (挥霍) on luxury items and instead save money regularly and patiently to buy a house. The delayed gratification is the goal and satisfaction he would achieve from owning a dream home, rather than the instant delight of impulsive shopping. Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. Learning to delay the impulse for immediate pleasure in favor of long-term satisfaction is a skill required for progressive and long-term growth. We can start by making small changes every day and staying consistent with those changes. Over time, these habits can accumulate and lead to big changes and results. Consistent reminders of why we want to reach our goals can also help. If we were all masters at delayed gratification, our environment would not be filled with “quick” solutions to everything under the sun. Our culture demands that successful humans rise above the constant distraction to self-motivate and delay personal gratification in favor of distant goals. However, a balance between our thirst for instant rewards and our desire to create longevity in our career, relationships, and health is difficult to achieve. Our entire lives require that we weigh the choices of “okay right now” vs. “bigger better later”. It takes a joint effort to override the environment to create our successful personal worlds. 45. What is delayed gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between delayed gratification and instant gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long-term development. _______________________________________________________________________________ 48. Please use an example to show how you would practice delayed gratification in your daily life. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读与表达（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 40. Lucy had trouble waking up early. 41. Her test scores went up. 42. because she felt tired of her academic performance.或：she felt tired of 理由：Because Lucy developed new interests after improving her routine and feeling more organized. 类似答案都可以接受。 43. Possible versions: From Lucy, I learned that small changes in daily habits can lead to big improvements. With patience and effort, we can overcome bad habits, become more organized, and achieve better results in both school and personal life. Passage 2 38. A purpose anchor is a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. 39. Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward. 或 Revisiting childhood joys can reveal raw, untainted passions with potential, and rediscovering them can light up a meaningful path for life purpose. 40. One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities. “shoulder more responsibilities” is false. According to the passage, a practical way is to remove or reduce responsibilities that drain your energy. 41. I would reflect on my strengths and skills to find a purpose anchor. For instance, if I excel in writing and communication, I might explore careers or hobbies related to writing or public speaking, finding purpose in areas where I can utilize my talents effectively. (答案不唯一，合理即可) Passage 3 40．Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 41．It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 42． According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 43．First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn  relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. Passage 4 40. They define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. 41. By asking his family what caught their attention on social media and sparking conversations. 42. 错误部分：saves our most precious resource理由：原文为“respects and enriches our most precious resource”，强调尊重与丰富而非拯救。 43. My daily attention choices determine what I engage with, which in turn affects my learning, social interactions and overall well-being. For example, focusing on reading enriches my knowledge. Passage 5 40. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality. 41. Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. 42. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. Because books can teach readers that there are no unresolvable problems/Becuase the adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters foften provide teachable lessons instead of finding solutions to problems. 43. Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others. Passage 6 40. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. 41. Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. 42. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 43. I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. Passage 7 40. Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. 41. People share old social media posts, buy second hand old products and enjoy media reminding them of childhoods. 42. Nostalgia has beneficial effects on people coping with difficult transitions without any negative consequences on their present life. Because the passage mentions that nostalgia can lead to emotional problems and make people less satisfied with the present. 43. When I’m nostalgic, I recall the days studying with friends. It warms my heart and gives me motivation to keep going. Passage 8 40. Five kinds of emotions are mentioned at the beginning of the text. 41. “Emotion labelling” refers to describing how you feel with clear words when filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease. 42. Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can only lead to physical body problems. Because it can also lead to severe mental health disorders. 43. We can use clear words to name our bad feelings, take deep breaths to calm down when angry, or share our thoughts with trusted people to release emotions properly in daily life. Passage 1 50. A bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation. 51. It helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. 52. Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young. Because they have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. 53. I would like to develop the hobby of photography in Cosby’s way. I can join online photography communities, share my works and techniques with others, and use digital tools like image editing software to enhance my photography skills. Passage 2 40. Instant gratification refers to the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. 41. It can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. 42. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. Because we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification. 43. Open. I’ll set clear long-term goals, limit social media use, and choose healthy foods, exercising self-control to avoid instant gratification's negatives. Passage 3 45. Delayed gratification refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward. 46. Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires. 47. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long- term development. According to the passage, delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. 48. I have been longing for a new gaming console. Instead of buying it immediately, I save a fixed amount weekly to get it in a few months. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读与表达（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市石景山区·期末） Lucy always had trouble waking up early in the morning. She would hit the snooze button (贪睡按钮) multiple times and often rush to school in a panic. As a result, she was often late to class, and struggled to focus during lessons. Her grades began to slip, and her teachers sometimes reminded her to pay more attention. Lucy knew something had to change. She started by setting a goal: waking up at 6:30 a. m. every day. She placed her alarm clock across the room so that she had to get out of bed to turn it off. She also planned her mornings carefully, including a short workout, a healthy breakfast, and a few minutes to review her schedule. At first, it was hard. She felt tired in the morning and wanted to sleep longer. But she kept reminding herself of the benefits: more energy, better focus, and less stress. After a few weeks, waking up early became easier. She started feeling more refreshed and had enough time to prepare for school calmly. Her new routine also helped her in other ways. Her academic performance began to improve and her test scores started to rise. And Lucy even began developing new interests, such as reading novels and painting, which made her feel more balanced and inspired. Now, Lucy enjoys her mornings and feels proud of her progress. She has learned that with patience, consistency, and effort, good habits can replace bad ones and lead to lasting improvement. 40. What problem did Lucy have in the morning? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What happened to Lucy’s test scores with her new routine? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Lucy began developing new interests, such as reading novels and painting because she felt tired of her academic performance. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you learn from Lucy? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Lucy had trouble waking up early. 41. Her test scores went up. 42. because she felt tired of her academic performance.或：she felt tired of 理由：Because Lucy developed new interests after improving her routine and feeling more organized. 类似答案都可以接受。 43. Possible versions: From Lucy, I learned that small changes in daily habits can lead to big improvements. With patience and effort, we can overcome bad habits, become more organized, and achieve better results in both school and personal life. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了露西早上起床困难，导致上学迟到、学习成绩下滑等问题。为改变现状，她设定目标，精心规划早晨，起初困难重重，但坚持数周后早起变得轻松，不仅学习成绩提高，还培养了新兴趣。她领悟到通过耐心、坚持和努力，好习惯可取代坏习惯，带来持久进步。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Lucy always had trouble waking up early in the morning.(露西总是早上很难早起)” 可知,露西早上的问题是早起困难。故填 Lucy had trouble waking up early. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Her academic performance began to improve and her test scores started to rise.(她的学习成绩开始提高，考试分数也开始上升)” 可知，随着新的日常安排，露西的考试分数上升了。故填 Her test scores went up. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“She started feeling more refreshed and had enough time to prepare for school calmly. Her new routine also helped her in other ways. Her academic performance began to improve and her test scores started to rise. And Lucy even began developing new interests, such as reading novels and painting, which made her feel more balanced and inspired.(她开始感觉精神更饱满，并有足够的时间从容地为上学做准备。她的新日常安排在其他方面也对她有所帮助。她的学习成绩开始提高，考试分数也开始上升。露西甚至开始培养新的兴趣，比如读小说和画画，这让她感觉更加平衡和充满灵感)” 可知，露西培养新兴趣并非因为厌倦学习成绩，而是在改善日常安排、感觉更有条理之后。所以错误部分为 “because she felt tired of her academic performance.” 或 “she felt tired of”。理由为：Because Lucy developed new interests after improving her routine and feeling more organized. 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。从露西的经历可知，她通过改变日常习惯，如设定早起目标、规划早晨等，实现了从早起困难到学习成绩提高并培养新兴趣的转变。由此可推知，我们能从中学到日常习惯的小改变能带来大提升，凭借耐心和努力可克服坏习惯，让生活更有条理，在学习和个人生活中取得更好结果。故填From Lucy, I learned that small changes in daily habits can lead to big improvements. With patience and effort, we can overcome bad habits, become more organized, and achieve better results in both school and personal life. Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市海淀区·期末） Many people feel pressured to “find” their purpose — a single revelation that brings deep fulfillment. The reality is that purpose is not something to find; it’s something we create. And to do this, we need to recognize the “purpose anchors” that already exist around us. A purpose anchor can be thought of as a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. So, how do we identify them? To reconnect with your purpose, it can be helpful to think back to what excited you as a child. What activities or hobbies made you lose track of time? What were you drawn to instinctively, before you learned to doubt or suppress those desires? Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted (纯净的) passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward. Sometimes, our purpose becomes clouded by the overwhelming number of tasks and responsibilities. Over time, we may find ourselves buried under a mountain of obligations, many of which drain our energy and prevent us from engaging with what truly matters. A great way to identify purpose anchors is by practicing the art of subtraction. Make a list of all your work-related roles and responsibilities. Which ones drain your energy? Remove or reduce them, so you can focus on what remains — something that gives you energy and a sense of meaning. If neither of the above methods seem to yield results, consider trying the “spaghetti method”. This approach is all about experimentation. Throw a bunch of “spaghetti” against the wall and see what sticks. Say yes to people or opportunities you might typically avoid. Try activities that make you slightly uncomfortable or curious. Push yourself outside your usual routines to discover new experiences that might light you up. Allow yourself to be guided by curiosity rather than certainty. If you try something and it excites you, that could very well be a purpose anchor in the making. Building a life of purpose isn’t about waiting for the perfect revelation to come. It’s about creating your life step by step. 38. What is a purpose anchor according to the passage? ________________________________________________________________ 39. How do joys of childhood help identify your life purpose? ________________________________________________________________ 40. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities. ________________________________________________________________ 41. Besides the methods in the passage, what is your way to find a purpose anchor? Please explain. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】38. A purpose anchor is a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. 39. Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward. 或 Revisiting childhood joys can reveal raw, untainted passions with potential, and rediscovering them can light up a meaningful path for life purpose. 40. One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities. “shoulder more responsibilities” is false. According to the passage, a practical way is to remove or reduce responsibilities that drain your energy. 41. I would reflect on my strengths and skills to find a purpose anchor. For instance, if I excel in writing and communication, I might explore careers or hobbies related to writing or public speaking, finding purpose in areas where I can utilize my talents effectively. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“人生目标”展开讨论，指出目标并非找到的，而是创造的，并介绍了识别“目标锚点”的几种方法，如回顾童年乐趣、减法法则、“意大利面法”等。 【38题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“A purpose anchor can be thought of as a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. (目标锚点可以被看作是一种稳定和基础的来源，帮助你与自己的核心价值观和人生使命保持联系。)”可知，目标锚点是一种稳定和基础的来源，帮助你与自己的核心价值观和人生使命保持联系。故答案为：A purpose anchor is a source of stability and grounding that helps you stay connected to your core values and life’s mission. 【39题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward. (重新回顾那些小时候给你带来快乐的事情，可以发现那些仍然具有潜力的原始而纯净的激情。重新发现这些早期的激情可以照亮一条有意义的前进道路。)”可知，童年的乐趣能揭示那些原始、纯净且仍有潜力的热情，重新发现这些早期热情可为人生目标指明有意义的方向。故答案为：Revisiting the things that brought you joy as a child can reveal the raw, untainted passions that still hold potential. Rediscovering these early passions can light up a meaningful path forward./Revisiting childhood joys can reveal raw, untainted passions with potential, and rediscovering them can light up a meaningful path for life purpose. 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“A great way to identify purpose anchors is by practicing the art of subtraction. Make a list of all your work-related roles and responsibilities. Which ones drain your energy? Remove or reduce them, so you can focus on what remains — something that gives you energy and a sense of meaning. (识别目标锚点的一个好方法是练习减法艺术。列出你所有与工作相关的角色和责任。哪些消耗了你的精力？去掉或减少它们，这样你就可以专注于剩下的东西——那些能给你能量和意义感的东西。)”可知，识别目标锚点的一个好方法是去掉或减少消耗精力的责任，而不是承担更多的责任，所以“One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities.”中“shoulder more responsibilities”表述错误。故答案为：One practical way to identify a purpose anchor is to shoulder more responsibilities. “shoulder more responsibilities” is false. According to the passage, a practical way is to remove or reduce responsibilities that drain your energy. 【41题详解】 考查开放性问题。我认为可以通过反思自己的优势和技能来找到目标锚点。例如，如果擅长写作和沟通，那么可以探索与写作或沟通相关的职业或爱好，如成为作家、编辑或参与公共演讲等。这样，可以找到既能发挥自己优势又能带来满足感的目标锚点；或，我会通过记录日常中让自己感到满足和有成就感的瞬间来寻找目标锚点，这些瞬间往往能反映出内心真正重视的东西。故答案为：I would reflect on my strengths and skills to find a purpose anchor. For instance, if I excel in writing and communication, I might explore careers or hobbies related to writing or public speaking, finding purpose in areas where I can utilize my talents effectively. 或 I’d record moments of satisfaction and accomplishment daily. These moments often reflect what I truly value, helping find purpose anchors. (答案不唯一，合理即可) Passage 3（2025北京高考） There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 40．What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? 41．How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. 43．How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40．Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 41．It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 42． According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 43．First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn  relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mark Lee和Sally Carter两位青少年发挥想象力并付诸实践的故事，鼓励年轻人积极发挥想象力，勇敢尝试。 40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. (他喜欢在社区里骑自行车，但看到公园和人行道上到处都是塑料瓶，他很沮丧。)” 可知，让Mark沮丧的是看到公园和人行道上有很多塑料瓶。故填 Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 41．考查细节理解。根据第五段“what if we could build a real - world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. (如果我们能开发一个现实世界的应用程序，帮助人们探索他们自己城市里隐藏的地方会怎么样呢？她召集了朋友们，学习了一些基本的编程知识，然后他们一起开发了一个应用程序，该程序可以绘制出很少有人知道的当地小公园和花园的地图。)” 可知，Sally和她朋友创建的应用程序帮助人们探索自己城市里像小公园和花园这样隐藏的地方。故填It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 42．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. (朋友们有点嘲笑，甚至Mark的父母都认为他应该放弃。)” 可知，Mark并没有得到朋友和父母的鼓励，所以“With encouragement from his friends and parents” 这部分是错误的。故填According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 43．考查开放性试题。结合Mark和Sally的故事，可知他们都是先发现问题或有想法，然后勇敢尝试，必要时学习相关技能，面对困难坚持不懈。故填First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. Passage 4（2024-2025高二下·北京市丰台区·期末） In a time when the term “attention economy” is as common as the phones and computers that keep us looking at screens, every scroll, click, like, and share is not just a simple action. It’s a trade using the world’s most valuable “money”: our attention. This system views our focus as a limited resource that companies try to get and make money from. It has changed deeply how we interact with others, meaning we need to look closer at it—not just see it as a popular phrase. Consider this: every moment of your day, from the minute you wake up to the second you fall asleep, is a series of decisions about where to assign your attention. When we direct our focus towards one activity, we inherently dismiss countless others. These daily choices define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. The attention economy is a double-edged sword. On one side, it offers a tailored world where our preferences and interests guide the content and opportunities presented to us. On the other, it poses significant challenges that threaten to weaken the quality of our attention, our relationships, and our understanding of the world. As we move forward, the task at hand is not just to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that respects and enriches our most precious resource: our attention. To overcome the challenges, I can ask my family what caught their attention on social media today, sparking a conversation that bridges our digital divide. By paying attention to what we pay attention to, we not only enrich our own lives but also strengthen the bonds that connect us to one another. 40. What do our daily choices do to our lives? __________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can the author overcome the challenges that the attention economy poses? __________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Moving ahead, our primary challenge is not merely to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that saves our most precious resource: our attention. __________________________________________________________________________ 43. How do your daily attention choices shape your life? __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. 41. By asking his family what caught their attention on social media and sparking conversations. 42. 错误部分：saves our most precious resource理由：原文为“respects and enriches our most precious resource”，强调尊重与丰富而非拯救。 43. My daily attention choices determine what I engage with, which in turn affects my learning, social interactions and overall well-being. For example, focusing on reading enriches my knowledge. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“注意力经济”中，滑动、点击等操作都是注意力的交易，企业借此盈利，深刻改变人际互动。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“These daily choices define our lives. shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness.(这些日常的选择决定了我们的生活，塑造我们的关系，知识，健康，幸福。)”可知，我们的日常选择定义了我们的生活，塑造了我们的人际关系、知识、健康和幸福。故答案是：They define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“To overcome the challenges, I can ask my family what caught their attention on social media today, sparking a conversation that bridges our digital divide.( 为了克服这些挑战，我可以问问我的家人，今天在社交媒体上什么引起了他们的注意，引发了一场对话，弥合了我们的数字鸿沟。)”可知，作者通过询问他的家人，什么在社交媒体上引起了他们的注意，并引发了对话来克服注意力经济带来的挑战。故答案是：By asking his family what caught their attention on social media and sparking conversations. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“As we move forward, the task at hand is not just to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that respects and enriches our most precious resource: our attention.( 随着我们的发展，眼前的任务不仅是处理好注意力经济，还要重塑它，以尊重和丰富我们最宝贵的资源：我们的注意力。)”可知，我们的主要挑战不仅是应对注意力经济，还要重塑它，以尊重和丰富我们最宝贵的资源：我们的注意力。所以原文错误部分：saves our most precious resource。理由：原文为“respects and enriches our most precious resource”，强调尊重与丰富而非拯救。故答案是：错误部分：saves our most precious resource理由：原文为“respects and enriches our most precious resource”，强调尊重与丰富而非拯救。 【43题详解】 考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干中的问题“你每天的注意力选择是如何塑造你的生活的？”可知，我每天的注意力选择决定了我参与的内容，这反过来又影响了我的学习、社会交往和整体幸福感。例如，专注于阅读丰富了我的知识。故答案是：My daily attention choices determine what I engage with, which in turn affects my learning, social interactions and overall well-being. For example, focusing on reading enriches my knowledge. Passage 5（2024-2025高二下·北京市延庆区·期末） It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable. A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined world of a book and readers’ world around them. At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer. There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are too unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities. 40. What is one of the most emotionally efficient means in literature? _________________________________________________________________ 41. How can people get a relief when suffering from stress? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. _________________________________________________________________ 43. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality. 41. Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. 42. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. Because books can teach readers that there are no unresolvable problems/Becuase the adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters foften provide teachable lessons instead of finding solutions to problems. 43. Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了文学作品可以给读者带来的好处。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means.(在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差是最有效的情感手段之一)”可知，文学作品中最有效的情感表达方式是在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差。故答案为Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief.(有时候，当这个世界“到处都是”给人们带来了巨大的压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起，不失为一种解脱)”可知，当人们遭受压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起能得到缓解。故答案为Having the chance to immerse oneself in to the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are no unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic.(有大量的书提供了进入到虚拟世界的安全逃避，并告诉他们的读者没有解决不了的问题。读者与书中人物一起经历的冒险往往提供了可传授的教训，并强调了保持乐观的重要性)”可知，错误的部分为“help readers find solutions to problems”，书中的冒险让读者知道没有解决不了的问题，而不是帮助读者找到问题的解决办法。故答案为The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. Because books can teach readers that there are no unresolvable problems/Becuase the adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters foften provide teachable lessons instead of finding solutions to problems. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“除了乐观，你还从文学中得到了什么好处？为什么？”可回答：除了乐观，文学还让我有了同理心。阅读让我探索不同的视角，了解不同的人物，对人类的情感和经历有了更深的理解，最终使我对他人更有同理心。故答案为Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others. Passage 6（2025-2026高二下·北京市顺义区牛栏山一中·4月月考） Sustainable travel is about travelling in a way that’s sensitive to the climate and nature emergencies while ensuring that the wellbeing of the places we visit gain long-term benefit from our travelling there. Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. It also makes it much easier to travel around. A useful device for packing economically is to consider the three Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. Transport accounts for at least 70% of a holiday’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of travelling is to reduce the travel distance and choose transportation that burns less, or ideally no fossil fuel. There’s a steep difference in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by aeroplanes compared with most land-based vehicles. There are concerted efforts to decarbonise air travel using alternative fuels and methods of propulsion, such as via electricity and hydrogen. There are other factors that will affect your carbon emissions when you’re at the destination, including your choice of hotel and the food you eat. For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. In fact, many eco-certified accommodations do much more than reducing their carbon emissions. They also reduce the amount of waste they send to landfill and cut down on the use of chemicals and water. When it comes to food, feasting on local, seasonal food not only conveys a sense of place better than any travel brochure, but is also much better for the environment. 40. According to the passage, what is being a sustainable traveller about? _____________________________________________________________ 41. Why is packing less considered more eco-friendly? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. _____________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to sustainable travel, how can you live a sustainable life? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. 41. Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. 42. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 43. I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可持续旅行的含义，并从打包、交通、住宿和饮食等方面提出了实现可持续旅行的具体方法。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. (成为一名可持续旅行者并不在于做出宏大的、一次性的姿态，而在于拥有一种心态，一种持续的有意识探险的态度，这种态度会影响我们度假的方方面面。)”可知，成为一名可持续旅行者关乎一种心态，一种持续的、有意识的探险态度，影响度假的各个方面。故答案为It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday.。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. (首先，考虑少带行李：轻装旅行可以减少丢弃物品的可能性，而且更省油。)”可知，少带行李能减少丢弃物品的可能，并且更省油，因此更环保。故答案为Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient.。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. (例如，根据酒店碳计量倡议，英国一家普通酒店一晚的平均碳排放量约为31.1千克二氧化碳，因此选择碳排放量低于平均水平的酒店会对你假期的碳足迹产生重大影响。)”可知，原文明确指出是选择低于平均碳排放的酒店而非普通酒店，才能显著影响假期碳足迹。题干中“staying at a typical hotel”与原文表述矛盾。故Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.中“staying at a typical hotel”错误，应改为“choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions”。故答案为Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.。 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。结合节约资源、垃圾分类、减少浪费等绿色生活方式作答即可。故答案为I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. Passage 7（2024-2025高二下·北京市通州区·期末） Do you ever find yourself looking back on earlier times, remembering happy moments from the past? Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. It is bitter because you long for things that are no more but sweet as you enjoy remembering your past happiness. In today’s culture, expressions of nostalgia are becoming common. People share old social media posts remembering the good old days, buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. Noticing these trends, companies are offering products similar to those of earlier decades, like classic video games adjusted for new consoles and new games imitating early video games. Social media platforms offer filters that can make pictures look like old photographs. Some restaurants feature some dishes from the 1970s. The popularity of these products shows that those people want to experience nostalgia. This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of sense because this feeling has psychological benefits. It can improve a person’s mood and self-esteem, sometimes helping people handle difficult transitions in life. It can also help people connect with others as they share memories. But nostalgia can also lead to emotional problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find motivation to improve their current situation. Nostalgia can also lead people to view earlier stages of life with rose-colored glasses. They may forget about or ignore past hardships, thinking only about the positive side of things. How can you find a balance, remembering the past without letting it interfere (干扰) with the present? Try to recognize and be grateful for the positives in your current situation. While remembering the past, reflect on lessons you’ve learned and ways you’ve grown over the years. Share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or bonding over shared experiences. 40. According to this passage, what is nostalgia? ______________________________________________________________ 41. How do people express nostalgia in today’s culture? ______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Nostalgia has beneficial effects on people coping with difficult transitions without any negative consequences on their present life. ______________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) have you got from your nostalgia experience? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. 41. People share old social media posts, buy second hand old products and enjoy media reminding them of childhoods. 42. Nostalgia has beneficial effects on people coping with difficult transitions without any negative consequences on their present life. Because the passage mentions that nostalgia can lead to emotional problems and make people less satisfied with the present. 43. When I’m nostalgic, I recall the days studying with friends. It warms my heart and gives me motivation to keep going. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怀旧的定义、当今文化中人们表达怀旧的方式，阐述了怀旧的利弊，并给出平衡过去与现在的建议。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. (怀旧是一种与回忆过去的幸福相关的感觉，通常被描述为苦乐参半)”可知，怀旧是与回忆过去的幸福相关的感觉，且常被描述为苦乐参半。故答案为：Nostalgia is the feeling associated with remembering happiness in the past, which is often described as bittersweet. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“People share old social media posts remembering the good old days, buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. (人们分享社交媒体上的旧帖子，回忆过去的美好时光，从二手商店购买多年前生产的产品，欣赏那些让他们想起童年的媒体内容)”可知，在当今文化中，人们通过分享旧社交媒体帖子、购买二手老产品、欣赏唤起童年回忆的媒体内容来表达怀旧。故答案为：People share old social media posts, buy second hand old products and enjoy media reminding them of childhoods. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But nostalgia can also lead to emotional problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find motivation to improve their current situation. (但怀旧也会导致情绪问题。专注于过去会让人们对现在的生活不太满意，也更难找到改善现状的动力)”可知，怀旧会导致情绪问题，会让人们对现在的生活不太满意，所以句中“without any negative consequences on their present life”是表述错误，因为怀旧会对人们的现状产生负面影响。故答案为：Nostalgia has beneficial effects on people coping with difficult transitions without any negative consequences on their present life. Because the passage mentions that nostalgia can lead to emotional problems and make people less satisfied with the present. 【43题详解】 开放性问题。答案不唯一，合理即可。怀旧有很多好处，比如，怀旧时，我会回忆起过去和朋友一起奋斗的时光，从中获得了友情的温暖和继续前进的动力。故答案为：When I’m nostalgic, I recall the days studying with friends. It warms my heart and gives me motivation to keep going. Passage 8（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区三十五中·3月月考） Learning to Manage Your Emotions In daily life, human beings routinely experience a rich range of emotions, ranging from joy, sorrow and anger to fear and overwhelming worries. Rather than simply judging emotions as purely positive or negative, psychological experts advocate that individuals should strive to comprehend and regulate these inner feelings through healthy, proper approaches. One effective approach is known as “emotion labelling”. When filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease, try to describe how you feel with clear words. For example, you might whisper to yourself, “I feel anxious because I am about to take a crucial examination tomorrow.” Merely identifying and naming the emotion can significantly weaken its power, helping you regain calm and stay in control. Scientific studies have proven that people skilled at emotion labelling are more capable of calming their minds and making sensible judgments under pressure. Another practical strategy is to carry out careful emotion regulation. This concept refers to resisting the urge to let temporary feelings control actions. For instance, when consumed by anger, instead of reacting impulsively, you can pause to take slow, deep breaths, count silently to ten, or take a brief walk outdoors to cool down. This gives you time to reflect carefully and select a polite, appropriate response. Expressing emotions properly is equally vital. Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can trigger constant stress, physical discomfort like headaches, and even severe mental health disorders. You can talk to a trusted friend, write down your thoughts in a diary, or consult a teacher or school counselor. Letting out feelings properly protects your mental health and also makes your relationships with others stronger. In conclusion, emotions are an unavoidable part of human nature. Mastering the art of understanding and managing emotions enables us to embrace a happier, healthier and more balanced life. 40. How many kinds of emotions are mentioned at the beginning of the text? _______________________________________________________________________ 41. What is “emotion labelling” according to the passage? _______________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can only lead to physical body problems. _______________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to manage your emotions in your daily life? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Five kinds of emotions are mentioned at the beginning of the text. 41. “Emotion labelling” refers to describing how you feel with clear words when filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease. 42. Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can only lead to physical body problems. Because it can also lead to severe mental health disorders. 43. We can use clear words to name our bad feelings, take deep breaths to calm down when angry, or share our thoughts with trusted people to release emotions properly in daily life. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了管理情绪的重要性，并介绍了情绪标签、情绪调节和适当表达情绪等有效方法。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“In daily life, human beings routinely experience a rich range of emotions, ranging from joy, sorrow and anger to fear and overwhelming worries.(在日常生活中，人类经常会经历各种各样的情绪，从喜悦、悲伤和愤怒到恐惧和压倒性的担忧。)”可知，文章开头提到了五种情绪。故答案为：Five kinds of emotions are mentioned at the beginning of the text. 【41题详解】 考查词句猜测。由文章第二段中“One effective approach is known as “emotion labelling”. When filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease, try to describe how you feel with clear words.(一种有效的方法被称为“emotion labelling”。当你充满沮丧或不安等负面情绪时，试着用清晰的语言描述你的感受。)”可知，emotion labelling指的是当你充满沮丧或不安等负面情绪时，试着用清晰的语言描述你的感受。故答案为：“Emotion labelling” refers to describing how you feel with clear words when filled with negative moods such as frustration or unease. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章倒数第二段中“Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can trigger constant stress, physical discomfort like headaches, and even severe mental health disorders.(长时间把情绪憋在心里会引发持续的压力、身体不适，如头痛，甚至严重的心理健康问题。)”可知，长时间把情绪憋在心里不仅会导致身体问题，还会导致心理健康问题。故答案为：Bottling up feelings inside for a long time can only lead to physical body problems. Because it can also lead to severe mental health disorders. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：在日常生活中，你能做些什么来管理自己的情绪？（约40字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我们可以用清晰的语言来说出我们的坏情绪，在生气时深呼吸以冷静下来，或者与值得信赖的人分享我们的想法，以便在日常生活中适当地释放情绪。故答案为：We can use clear words to name our bad feelings, take deep breaths to calm down when angry, or share our thoughts with trusted people to release emotions properly in daily life. Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市朝阳区·期末） Every year, as birds make their journeys hundreds — sometimes thousands — of miles across whole continents, they attract the attention of bird-watchers. People gather along wetlands and shorelines, cold hands holding their telescopes and excitement growing in their stomachs. For outsiders of bird-watching, a bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation, such as an old grandma sitting at her feeder looking at different birds. However, according to the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated recreation, there were 4.7 million young bird-watchers in 2016 and 10. 8 million in 2022. Why exactly has this rapid growth happened? Technology may be the real gateway these days. Families might introduce young people to bird-watching, but apps and social media networks are helping them keep up their commitment to the hobby. Once interested, teenagers find the benefits of bird-watching are truly noticeable: it helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. Teenage bird-watchers are finding their own digital way into a very traditional and meaningful activity. Sadie Cosby, a 17-year-old senior in Richmond, recognizes the appeal of online bird-watching platforms. She’s even part of a unique online chat group that sends messages when there is a rare bird in the area. Although Cosby says she prefers to bird-watch alone and uses it as a way to disconnect, she also enjoys being connected to other bird-watchers online. “I think because we’re kind of the smartphone generation, it’s easier for us to relate to bird-watching through all of the platforms,” says Cosby. Cosby is just a member of a much larger and closely networked community of young bird-watchers. And though they share much in common with older generations of bird-watchers when it comes to their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, they also have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. 50. For outsiders of bird-watching, what kind of person is usually a bird-watcher? _____________________________________________________________ 51. What are the benefits of bird-watching for teenagers? _____________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young. _____________________________________________________________ 53. Besides bird-watching what other hobby would you like to develop in Cosby’s way? And how can you develop it? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. A bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation. 51. It helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. 52. Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young. Because they have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. 53. I would like to develop the hobby of photography in Cosby’s way. I can join online photography communities, share my works and techniques with others, and use digital tools like image editing software to enhance my photography skills. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了观鸟活动在年轻人中兴起及其原因和影响。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“For outsiders of bird-watching, a bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation, such as an old grandma sitting at her feeder looking at different birds. (对于不观鸟的人来说，观鸟者通常是老一辈的人，比如坐在喂食器前看不同鸟类的老奶奶。)”可知，对于不观鸟的人来说，观鸟者通常是老一辈的人。故答案为：A bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation. 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“Once interested, teenagers find the benefits of bird-watching are truly noticeable: it helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. (一旦感兴趣，青少年就会发现观鸟的好处确实很明显：它帮助他们接触到传统娱乐活动，并拓宽他们对生态系统的理解。)”可知，观鸟对青少年的好处是帮助他们接触到传统娱乐活动，并拓宽他们对生态系统的理解。故答案为：It helps them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems. 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中“And though they share much in common with older generations of bird-watchers when it comes to their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, they also have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. (尽管在他们对这项爱好的热情和享受方面，他们与老一辈的观鸟者有很多共同之处，但他们也有一个明显的优势：更善于使用数字工具来改善他们的观鸟体验。)”可知，年轻观鸟者比老一辈的观鸟者更善于使用数字工具来改善他们的观鸟体验，而不是“the elders hold a clear advantage over the young (老一辈的观鸟者比年轻的观鸟者有明显的优势)”。故答案为：Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young. Because they have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to improve their bird-watching experience. 【53题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：除了观鸟，你还想在考斯比的道路上发展什么爱好？你如何开发它？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我想以科斯比的方式培养摄影这一爱好。我可以加入在线摄影社群，和其他人分享我的作品与拍摄技巧，还能利用图像编辑软件等数字工具来提升我的摄影水平。故答案为：I would like to develop the hobby of photography in Cosby’s way. I can join online photography communities, share my works and techniques with others, and use digital tools like image editing software to enhance my photography skills. Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市东城区·期末） We live in a world where modern technology feeds into our urge for instant rewards. With just a click, we can watch videos, order food, or buy things online. This ease of accessing pleasures strengthens the temptation (诱惑) to give in to instant gratification rather than work towards long-term goals. Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. It dates back to the initial stages of humanity, when our ancestors lived in uncertain times with an unpredictable future. The unpredictable future made delaying gratification risky. This concept has become increasingly relevant in today’s world, providing us with a sense of satisfaction and achievement when we experience immediate rewards for our actions or decisions. When we move toward our goals, sometimes things get tough. Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. However, consistently giving in to the temptation of quick rewards can rewire our brains, affecting our capacity for patience and self-control and overshadowing the importance of long-term planning in every aspect of our lives. The immediate rewards offered by social media in the form of likes, shares, and comments can lead to addictive behaviours. Additionally, this trend can cause a lack of attention focus among users of all ages. The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies. The desire to avoid physical activities and choose immediate comfort outweighs the potential positive outcomes of improved fitness and well-being, leading us to skip exercise. The need for speedy outcomes can reduce our ability to wait for more rewarding achievements. Therefore, understanding how instant gratification affects us is an essential part of maintaining balance in life. Learning how to recognize when immediate rewards are helpful rather than holding back progress is key to having healthy relationships with ourselves and others around us. 40. What does instant gratification refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can instant gratification help us if it is used properly? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How will you avoid the negative impacts of instant gratification? (About 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Instant gratification refers to the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. 41. It can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. 42. We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. Because we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification. 43. Open. I’ll set clear long-term goals, limit social media use, and choose healthy foods, exercising self-control to avoid instant gratification's negatives. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了即时满足感的概念、在当下的意义、过度追求即时满足感的危害以及保持生活平衡的重要性。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Instant gratification is the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay.(即时满足感是指渴望毫无延迟地体验快乐或满足)”可知，即时满足感指的是毫无延迟地体验快乐或满足的欲望。故答案为Instant gratification refers to the desire to experience pleasure or satisfaction without any delay. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Under such circumstances, using instant gratification wisely can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way.(在这种情况下，明智地利用即时满足感，通过在过程中提供短期奖励，可以帮助我们坚持长期目标)”可知，合理使用即时满足感能通过提供短期奖励帮助我们坚持长期目标。故答案为It can help us stay on track with our long-term objectives by providing short-term rewards along the way. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段“The urge for immediate satisfaction brought by consuming junk food can lead to choosing low-quality and unhealthy foods over nutritional options, resulting in negative impacts on our bodies.(食用垃圾食品带来的即时满足感的冲动，会导致人们选择低质量、不健康的食品，而不是有营养的食品，从而对身体产生负面影响)”可知，选择低质不健康食品是因为追求即时满足感，而非不关心其负面影响。故We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. 中“we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies”错误，应改为“we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification.”。故答案为We sometimes choose low-quality and unhealthy foods because we don’t care about their negative impacts on our bodies. Because we want to get the immediate satisfaction/instant gratification. 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。题干意思为：你将如何避免即时满足的负面影响？结合文章中过度追求即时满足感的危害，可从设定目标、自我约束等方面回答。故答案为I’ll set clear long-term goals, limit social media use, and choose healthy foods, exercising self-control to avoid instant gratification’s negatives.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。 Passage 3（2024-2025高二下·北京市西城区·期末） We live in a world filled with distractions. Everywhere we look, we can find instant pleasures available for next-day delivery right to our homes. In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. But research shows it makes all the difference in achieving a more important and satisfying goal. Delayed gratification and instant gratification involve the timing and approach to achieving satisfaction or rewards. The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. An example of this could be when a young man chooses to resist the urge to splurge (挥霍) on luxury items and instead save money regularly and patiently to buy a house. The delayed gratification is the goal and satisfaction he would achieve from owning a dream home, rather than the instant delight of impulsive shopping. Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. Learning to delay the impulse for immediate pleasure in favor of long-term satisfaction is a skill required for progressive and long-term growth. We can start by making small changes every day and staying consistent with those changes. Over time, these habits can accumulate and lead to big changes and results. Consistent reminders of why we want to reach our goals can also help. If we were all masters at delayed gratification, our environment would not be filled with “quick” solutions to everything under the sun. Our culture demands that successful humans rise above the constant distraction to self-motivate and delay personal gratification in favor of distant goals. However, a balance between our thirst for instant rewards and our desire to create longevity in our career, relationships, and health is difficult to achieve. Our entire lives require that we weigh the choices of “okay right now” vs. “bigger better later”. It takes a joint effort to override the environment to create our successful personal worlds. 45. What is delayed gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between delayed gratification and instant gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long-term development. _______________________________________________________________________________ 48. Please use an example to show how you would practice delayed gratification in your daily life. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. Delayed gratification refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward. 46. Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires. 47. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long- term development. According to the passage, delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. 48. I have been longing for a new gaming console. Instead of buying it immediately, I save a fixed amount weekly to get it in a few months. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要讲述了在充满诱惑和即时满足的世界中，延迟满足的概念、与即时满足的区别，以及延迟满足与个人能力、环境的关系，并强调了在生活中平衡即时奖励与长远目标的重要性。 【45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. (在这样一种文化氛围中，周围充斥着各种声称我们当下就能消除不适感的信息，而延迟满足 —— 即指等待长期回报的能力 —— 就没那么有吸引力了。)” 可知,延迟满足是指等待长期回报的能力。故填 Delayed gratification refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward. 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. (前者需要自律和控制冲动的能力，而后者往往涉及屈服于即时欲望。)” 可知,Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires。故填 Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. (延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、环境以及所受的教育有关。)” 可知，说延迟满足仅仅与环境有关是错误的。延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、所处环境以及所接受的教育有关。故答案为Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long- term development. According to the passage, delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. 【48题详解】 开放性试题。我一直渴望一台新的游戏机。我没有立刻购买，而是每周存固定数额的钱，以便几个月后买到它。通过延迟立刻拥有游戏机的满足感，为了几个月后实现目标，体现延迟满足。故答案为I have been longing for a new gaming console. Instead of buying it immediately, I save a fixed amount weekly to get it in a few months. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $