专题 03 语法填空（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期北师大版

**基本信息** 高中英语期末语法填空专项训练，精选北京多区期末及高考模拟题，系统覆盖动词形态、非谓语、从句等核心语法点，通过真实语境强化语言运用能力与思维逻辑性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |动词形态|约30题（含时态、语态）|提示词变形（如throw→was thrown）|从语境时间标志（last year/by now）推导时态，结合主谓一致判断语态| |非谓语动词|约25题（含分词、不定式）|提示词非谓语转换（如feel→Feeling）|根据与逻辑主语关系（主动/被动）及句法功能（作状语/定语）选择形式| |从句引导词|约20题（含定语、名词性从句）|无提示词填连接词（如where/what）|通过句子成分分析（缺状语/宾语）确定引导词类型| |词形转换|约15题（名/形/副）|提示词词性变化（如kind→kindly）|根据句法功能（定语/状语）判断词性，结合构词法转换|

专题03 语法填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 11. detailed 12. what 13. rarer 14. Feeling 15. took 16. happily 17. has been 18. in 19. which 20. to explore Passage 2 11. kindly 12. was touched 13. filled 14. posed 15. what 16. interactive 17. is changing##has been changing 18. to reach 19. which 20. as Passage 3 11．peaceful 12．scared 13．what 14．longer 15．had made 16．are achieved 17．traveling 18．left 19．which 20．at Passage 4 11. called 12. how 13. at 14. it 15. flew 16. invention 17. have received 18. making 19. policies 20. them Passage 5 11. where 12. lit##lighted 13. perfectly 14. creates 15. to be 16. from 17. have been cloned 18. that##which 19. becoming 20. characters Passage 6 11. in 12. easily 13. have found 14. What 15. using 16. pictures 17. frightened 18. whose 19. to perform 20. was saved Passage 7 11. got 12. have realized 13. equally 14. our 15. which 16. to enter 17. unknown 18. in 19. Attracted 20. were seen Passage 8 11. what 12. without 13. burnt##burned 14. was 15. had left 16. who 17. How 18. but 19. known 20. finds Passage 1 21.was thrown 22. had put 23. where 24. injuring 25. speeches 26.has invested 27.what 28.to reach 29.connects 30. questioned Passage 2 11. to listen 12. slowly 13. was given 14. labeled##labelled 15. who##that 16. has seen 17. increasing 18. for 19. where 20. citizens Passage 3 35. celebrated 36. to spread 37. families 38. having 39. fewer 40. has visited 41. in 42. which## that 43. was developed 44. whether Passage 4 66. recognized 67. were introduced 68. more willing 69. planning 70. are 71. to help 72. strategies 73. that##which 74. but 75. from 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 语法填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市石景山区·期末） A The tradition of collecting stamps has interested people for generations. Early stamps often showed ____11____ (detail) pictures of historical figures, animals, or national symbols. As time passed, stamp designs changed, showing important events, famous art, and even modern pop culture. Many people take joy in collecting ____12____ remind them of different places or moments in history. Although sending letters has become much ____13____ (rare), stamps still remain a meaningful way to connect with the world. B Lisa had always wanted to adopt a pet. One day, while walking in a park, she saw a small cat hiding behind a tree. The cat looked weak and frightened. ____14____ (feel) sorry for the cat, she carefully picked it up and ____15____ (take) it to a vet. The vet checked the cat and said it just needed food and a safe place to stay. Lisa smiled, knowing she could ____16____ (happy) provide a home for her new furry friend. C There ____17____ (be) significant progress in space exploration over the past few decades. Scientists are now focusing on Mars missions, with the goal of sending humans to the planet ____18____ the near future. In recent years, rovers have been collecting data, ____19____ helps researchers understand its environment. The discoveries are based on years of scientific research and technological advancements. Experts believe space travel will continue to evolve, creating opportunities ____20____ (explore) other parts of the universe. Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市海淀区·期末） A When Grace fell ill, her garden was drying up. Her neighbour, Lily, ____11____ (kind) stepped up and took over all the plant watering and weed pulling. When Grace recovered, she ____12____ (touch) by Lily’s kindness. They began gardening together, forming a close friendship. Their shared love for the garden connected them, showing how small acts of care build meaningful relationships. Over time, the garden, ____13____ (fill) with flowers they planted together, became a symbol of their bond. B “Sir, what does the saying ‘Isn’t it a delight to learn and constantly review things one has learned’ mean?” A fourth grader ____14____ (pose) this question to the virtual Confucius on the screen. The digital figure replied, “It means we need to constantly review ____15____ we have learned. By doing this, we gain new insights.” In this case, the AI teaching assistant provided students with an ____16____ (interact) learning experience. It’s not rare. Nowadays, the integration of AI and education ____17____ (change) the way schools are organized. C Conflict is part of our life and can occur in various settings. When left unaddressed, it can cause stress and damage relationships. One of the most effective approaches to dealing with conflict is through compromise. Compromise is the act of each party giving up something ____18____ (reach) an agreement. By compromising, we show respect for the other’s feelings and needs, ____19____ can strengthen the bond. Moreover, compromise helps us develop better problem-solving skills. We should embrace compromise ____20____ a means of personal growth and harmonious living. Passage 3（2025北京高考） A Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. B When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 14 (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. C When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 20 the planet’s expense. Passage 4（2024-2025高二下·北京市丰台区·期末） A Inside your head are tiny liquid-filled structures ____11____ (call) vestibular (前庭) organs. These tell your brain ____12____ fast your body is moving and in what direction. This combines with your other senses to help your brain understand what your body is doing. On a plane, these signals don’t agree. Your eyes tell your brain that you are sitting still, but your vestibular organs sense that you are speeding ____13____ hundreds of miles per hour. These conflicting signals can make you feel unwell. B An electric car has been seen taking off and flying in a test and ____14____ could change the future of travel. Last month, a company ____15____( fly) their vehicle, which rose straight up through the air like a helicopter, successfully completing a short flight over another parked car. While there have been other test flights involving flying cars in the past, this is the first time such an ____16____( invent) has been seen lifting off vertically(垂直地). C At the age of 5, Sun Chi was diagnosed with autism (自闭症). Over the years, they ____17____ (receive) help from many caring individuals and organizations, ____18____ (make) a great difference in their lives. As society’s awareness of people with autism has grown, related ____19____ (policy) have also improved, providing more resources and opportunities for families like ____20____ (they). Passage 5（2024-2025高二下·北京市延庆区·期末） A Marilla had been wondering ___11___ Anne should be put to bed. She decided on the small bedroom. She ___12___ (light) a candle and told Anne to follow her, which Anne did, taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed. The hall was ___13___ (perfect) clean; the little room in which she found herself seemed still cleaner. B Cloning occurs when an egg splits (分裂) and ____14____ (create) identical twins. The first ____15____ (be) successfully cloned by scientists was a sheep called Dolly. Despite the initial success, she suffered ____16____ an illness and died at the age of six. Since then, other animals such as goats and camels ____17____ (clone) but have also experienced similar health problems. C Little Women is a classic novel by Louisa May Alcott ____18____ follows the lives of four sisters — Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy — as they grow up during the American Civil War Through their struggles, dreams and daily adventures, the story shows the importance of family, love and ____19____ (become) a better person. With warm ____20____ (character) and meaningful lessons, Little Women continues to inspire readers of all ages around the world. Passage 6（2025-2026高二下·北京市顺义区牛栏山一中·4月月考） A Invented ____11____ early twentieth-century America by Richard Drew, Scotch tape can be used to fix almost anything. However, there is more to this fix-it-all than just that. Sticky yet____12____(easy) removed, Scotch tape was designed for use in painting cars — to mask off areas that should not be painted. The tape soon found other uses. During the 1930s, people didn’t have much money, so they couldn’t throw away damaged things; they had to repair them. Drew’s painting tape became a popular, money-saving fix for everything from torn clothing to broken eggs. Since then, people ____13____ (find) all sorts of creative ways to use the sticky tape. B Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. ____14____ confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions ____15____ (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of ____16____ (picture) to help you understand. C Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping(急喘) for air, his ___17___(frighten) mother begging for help. Emma rushed to the boy, ___18___ face had turned purple. “What’s wrong?” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Emma had learned how ___19___(perform) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at school. She acted quickly. Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He ___20___(save) in time. Passage 7（2024-2025高二下·北京市通州区·期末） A I used to look up to celebrities growing up and many of them were my role models. But, as I ____11____ (get) older, I realized that my favourite personality is right in front of me — my father with whom I live, eat and sleep. So far, I ____12____ (realize) that you don’t have to be super famous to have a great personality. You can be an ordinary person. He makes us feel ____13____ (equal) important and takes the advice of every one of us, regardless of the age. B Plastics are a part of ____14____ (we) everyday lives, and plastic pollution is a growing concern. When plastics break down over time, they can form smaller particles called microplastics, ____15____ in turn can break down into even smaller pieces called nanoplastics. Unable to be seen with the naked eye, these plastic particles are small enough ____16____ (enter) the human body’s cell and tissues. But the potential health effects of these tiny plastic bits are still unproven and ____17____ (know). C The Lake Poets were a group of English poets who all lived in the Lake District of England ____18____ the early 19th century. As a group, they followed no single “school” of thought. The first of the poets to come there was Robert Southey, one of the most respected poets of his time. ____19____ (attract) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets, other poets came to live in the Lake District, and soon all of these poets ____20____ (see) as part of the Romantic Movement. Passage 8（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区三十五中·3月月考） A There is a difference between arguing and fighting. Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns. You are more likely to ignore ____11____ matters in distinguishing them. Yet you can engage in an argument respectfully ____12____ stirring up anger. Fighting, however, usually involves personal attacks, raising of voices, and storming out. Once ____13____ (burn), arguing turns into fighting. B A loud noise woke me at midnight. I rushed to turn on the light to discover it ____14____ (be) a cat. I immediately realized that I ____15____ (leave) a window open. My houseguest soon left after getting my treats and some scratches under her neck. Over the next few weeks, she would stop by occasionally. Sometimes, she only stayed for a few minutes; other times, she would wander around my apartment a little longer. The cat even helped me connect with some new neighbors, ____16____ asked if she was my cat. Apparently, she visited them as well. C Technology is constantly advancing. ____17____ we imagined it years ago cannot keep up with its pace of development. In the past, autonomous vehicles were just a part of movies, ____18____ these technologies are now successfully coming into being. An autonomous car, also ____19____ (know) as a self-driving car, can perform all functions related to everyday driving and parking. It is a technology that senses the environment and, upon entering the destination, ____20____ (find) its way without human intervention. Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市朝阳区·期末） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. A lot more plastic waste ________ (throw) into the ocean last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22. Luckily, the parents ________ (put) away all the clothes before it rained. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23. She wants a job __________ her management skills can be put to good use. (用适当的词填空) 24. Tom accidentally slipped on the wet floor, ________ (injure) his arm badly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25. The politicians delivered several powerful ________ (speech) at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26. The government ________ (invest) 2 billion RMB in renewable energy by now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27. The medical students were unsure about ________ they should do with the emergency. (用适当的词填空) 28. The little child made great efforts ________ (reach) for the ripe pear hanging on the branch. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29. Nowadays, the Internet, as well as modern satellites, ________ (connect) remote areas globally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30. When ________ (question) about its factories’ damage to the environment, the company insisted that it had done nothing wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市东城区·期末） A Our library had a “Music in the Lobby” day and I registered to play old-time piano tunes. An elderly gentleman and his granddaughter stopped ____11____ (listen). Noticing he was unable to stand, I patted the bench alongside me and he took a seat ____12____ (slow). When I played the romantic love song “Strangers in the Night”, he began to sing. An audience gathered as the man accompanied me throughout the performance. At the end, he ____13____ (give) a standing applause. As the man left, his granddaughter whispered in my ear. “My grandpa has not sung a word since Grandma passed away,” she said. “Thank you for giving him his voice back.” B Since reducing meat and dairy can help with our planet’s climate Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital is pioneering a strategy to get people to consume more plant-based food. Through research, the hospital has found that the foods ____14____(label) “vegetarian” tend to attract only a certain group of the hospital’s patients ____15____ have dietary restrictions. So they stopped mentioning “vegetarian” in the name of any dishes. So far, Faulkner Hospital ____16____ (see) a 2.2% decrease in total carbon emissions per calorie. What is more, vegetarian diets have helped diversify the patients’ diets, ____17____ (increase) their intake of healthful fiber, vitamins, and other micronutrients. C If archaeologists (考古学家) are asked why their work is important, they are most likely to respond that it is ____18____ the same reasons that history is valued. By knowing our human past, we appreciate who we are and ____19____ we came from. Accordingly, by studying the past, we can inform our decisions about the future. Therefore, archaeology’s potential for educating more intelligent, involved, global ____20____ (citizen) is considerable. In classrooms, learning about archaeology helps students improve various skills across many disciplines and develop a sensitivity to other people and diverse cultures. Passage 3（2024-2025高二下·北京市西城区·期末） A The World Health Day, ____35____ (celebrate) every year on April 7, is a global initiative started by the World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of the day is ____36____ (spread) awareness around key health issues and run campaigns and discussions around it. This year’s theme is “Healthy Beginning, Hopeful Futures”. The health of mothers and babies is the foundation of healthy ____37____ (family) and communities, helping ensure hopeful futures for us all. B A tortoise at the Philadelphia Zoo has become the oldest first-time mother of her species after ____38____ (have) her first babies at 100 years old. The tortoise, named Mommy, is a critically endangered species in their native home. There are ____39____ (few) than 50 kept in US zoos. Mommy arrived at the Zoo in 1932, meaning anyone that ____40____ (visit) the Zoo for the last 93 years has likely seen her. This is a significant milestone ____41____ the history of the Zoo. C A Chinese automaker has created a battery ____42____ will enable electric vehicles (EVs) to charge almost as quickly as it takes to fill a regular car’s gas tank. The new battery, named the e platform, ____43____ (develop) last year by BYD, a Chinese firm that is overtaking Tesla as the world’s top seller of electric vehicles. BYD says it will install a network of 4,000 flash-charging stations across China. This technology is currently only available in China, and the company has yet to confirm ____44____ it will make it available internationally or not. Passage 4（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区第十五中学·期中） A Professor Mayer, ____66____ (recognize) by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs, recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students ____67____ (introduce) to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties. Compared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and ____68____ (willing) to try new things. B In fact, ____69____ (plan) to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now ____70____ (be) unlikely to remain relevant and be enough ____71____ (help) you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do? Work hard? Win the lottery? Hope for the best? You might be lucky. These ____72____ (strategy) might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”. C “Because that creature is made of steel!” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being, and kicked it. It was evidently a hard, solid body. The black back ___73___ supported me was smooth, polished, nothing like an animal. The blow produced a sound of metal; and, incredible though it may be, it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. This monster was a human construction. We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening, a hole, ___74___ found nothing. At last this long night passed. Daybreak appeared. Suddenly, a noise came ___75___ inside the boat. One iron plate was moved, a man appeared, uttered an odd cry, and disappeared immediately. Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and drew us down into their incredible machine. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 语法填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市石景山区·期末） A The tradition of collecting stamps has interested people for generations. Early stamps often showed ____11____ (detail) pictures of historical figures, animals, or national symbols. As time passed, stamp designs changed, showing important events, famous art, and even modern pop culture. Many people take joy in collecting ____12____ remind them of different places or moments in history. Although sending letters has become much ____13____ (rare), stamps still remain a meaningful way to connect with the world. 【答案】11. detailed 12. what 13. rarer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了集邮传统及其发展，以及邮票对人们的意义。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：早期的邮票常常展示历史人物、动物或国家象征的详细图片。根据空后名词pictures可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词，detail的形容词为detailed“详细的”。故填detailed。 【12题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：许多人乐于收集那些能让他们想起历史上不同地点或时刻的东西。空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 【13题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：尽管寄信已经变得非常罕见了，但邮票仍然是与世界联系的一种有意义的方式。结合句意和空前much可知，空处需用形容词比较级rarer，表示“寄信比以前更罕见了”。故填rarer。 B Lisa had always wanted to adopt a pet. One day, while walking in a park, she saw a small cat hiding behind a tree. The cat looked weak and frightened. ____14____ (feel) sorry for the cat, she carefully picked it up and ____15____ (take) it to a vet. The vet checked the cat and said it just needed food and a safe place to stay. Lisa smiled, knowing she could ____16____ (happy) provide a home for her new furry friend. 【答案】14. Feeling 15. took 16. happily 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lisa在公园发现一只虚弱小猫，带它看兽医并决定收养它的故事。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她很同情这只猫，小心翼翼地把它抱起来，带它去看兽医。句子谓语动词是picked up，空格处需要非谓语动词，动词feel与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词feeling作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Feeling。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她很同情这只猫，小心翼翼地把它抱起来，带它去看兽医。根据空前“she carefully picked it up”可知，表示过去发生的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，空处谓语动词需用take的过去式took。故填took。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：Lisa笑了，她知道自己可以为这位新毛茸茸的朋友幸福地提供一个家。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词provide，happy的副词为happily“幸福地”。故填happily。 C There ____17____ (be) significant progress in space exploration over the past few decades. Scientists are now focusing on Mars missions, with the goal of sending humans to the planet ____18____ the near future. In recent years, rovers have been collecting data, ____19____ helps researchers understand its environment. The discoveries are based on years of scientific research and technological advancements. Experts believe space travel will continue to evolve, creating opportunities ____20____ (explore) other parts of the universe. 【答案】17. has been 18. in 19. which 20. to explore 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过去几十年太空探索取得的显著进展，当前科学家对火星任务的关注及相关研究情况，还提到专家对太空旅行未来发展的看法。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，太空探索取得了显著的进展。根据时间状语“over the past few decades”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”。主语“progress”是不可数名词，所以用has been。故填has been。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：科学家们现在专注于火星任务，目标是在不久的将来把人类送上火星。“in the near future”为固定短语，意为“在不久的将来”，所以此处填in。故填in。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：近年来，火星车一直在收集数据，这有助于研究人员了解火星的环境。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子“rovers have been collecting data”，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：专家们相信太空旅行将继续发展，创造探索宇宙其他部分的机会。“create opportunities to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“创造做某事的机会”，所以用动词不定式to explore作后置定语，修饰“opportunities”。故填to explore。 Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市海淀区·期末） A When Grace fell ill, her garden was drying up. Her neighbour, Lily, ____11____ (kind) stepped up and took over all the plant watering and weed pulling. When Grace recovered, she ____12____ (touch) by Lily’s kindness. They began gardening together, forming a close friendship. Their shared love for the garden connected them, showing how small acts of care build meaningful relationships. Over time, the garden, ____13____ (fill) with flowers they planted together, became a symbol of their bond. 【答案】11. kindly 12. was touched 13. filled 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Grace生病时，邻居Lily帮忙照料花园，Grace康复后两人开始一起打理花园，从而建立了深厚的友谊的故事。花园成为了她们友谊的象征，展示了小小的关怀如何能建立有意义的关系。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：她的邻居Lily好心地站出来，承担了所有的植物浇水和除草工作。修饰动词stepped up，应用kind的副词形式kindly作状语，意为“好心地”。故填kindly。 【12题详解】 考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：Grace康复后，被Lily的善良所感动。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据上文When Grace recovered可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，touch和主语she之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语she为第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was touched。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，花园里种满了她们一起种的花，成为了她们友谊的象征。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词became，且无其它连词，所以fill应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语the garden之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填filled。 B “Sir, what does the saying ‘Isn’t it a delight to learn and constantly review things one has learned’ mean?” A fourth grader ____14____ (pose) this question to the virtual Confucius on the screen. The digital figure replied, “It means we need to constantly review ____15____ we have learned. By doing this, we gain new insights.” In this case, the AI teaching assistant provided students with an ____16____ (interact) learning experience. It’s not rare. Nowadays, the integration of AI and education ____17____ (change) the way schools are organized. 【答案】14. posed 15. what 16. interactive 17. is changing##has been changing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能与教育相结合，为学生提供互动学习体验，并改变了学校的组织方式。 【14题详解】 考查时态。句意：“先生，‘学而时习之，不亦说乎’这句话是什么意思？”一名四年级学生向屏幕上的虚拟孔子提出了这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据语境以及下文“The digital figure replied”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填posed。 【15题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这个数字形象回答说：“它的意思是我们需要不断复习我们所学过的东西。通过这样做，我们获得了新的见解。”分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作review的宾语，从句缺少宾语，表示“所……的东西”，应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，人工智能教学助手为学生提供了一种交互式的学习体验。修饰名词短语learning experience，应用interact的形容词形式interactive作定语，意为“交互式的；互动的”。故填interactive。 【17题详解】 考查时态及主谓一致。句意：如今，人工智能与教育的融合正在改变学校的组织方式。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语Nowadays可知，此处表示当前正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，主语the integration of AI and education为单数形式，be动词应用is。此外，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，助动词用has。故填is changing/has been changing。 C Conflict is part of our life and can occur in various settings. When left unaddressed, it can cause stress and damage relationships. One of the most effective approaches to dealing with conflict is through compromise. Compromise is the act of each party giving up something ____18____ (reach) an agreement. By compromising, we show respect for the other’s feelings and needs, ____19____ can strengthen the bond. Moreover, compromise helps us develop better problem-solving skills. We should embrace compromise ____20____ a means of personal growth and harmonious living. 【答案】18. to reach 19. which 20. as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冲突是生活的一部分，而妥协是解决冲突的有效方法之一，妥协有助于加强关系、提升解决问题的能力，是个人成长和和谐生活的一种方式。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：妥协是各方为达成协议而放弃某些东西的行为。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is，所以reach应用非谓语动词形式，根据句意可知，此处表示“为了达成协议”，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to reach。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：通过妥协，我们表现出对对方感受和需求的尊重，这可以加强我们之间的联系。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们应该把妥协视为个人成长与和谐生活的一种方式。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为……；视为……”，应用介词as。故填as。 Passage 3（2025北京高考） A Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits. When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone 12 (scare). The truth, though, is 13 could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】11．peaceful 12．scared 13．what 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者大多数放学后和狗Nick在森林散步的时光。 11．考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：我有时会把他叫回来，担心他可能会吓到别人。“have sb. done”表示 “使某人被……”，“someone”与“scare”之间是被动关系，即某人被吓到，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scared。 13．考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 B When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly 14 (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】14．longer 15．had made 16．are achieved 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做选择是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的选择。 14．考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 15．考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 16．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 C When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists 18 (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come 20 the planet’s expense. 【答案】17．traveling 18．left 19．which 20．at 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历，但据世界野生动物基金会报告，去年游客产生大量食物垃圾，对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响，人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择可持续餐饮等简单措施，强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 18．考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 19．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 20．考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟，探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以…… 为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 Passage 4（2024-2025高二下·北京市丰台区·期末） A Inside your head are tiny liquid-filled structures ____11____ (call) vestibular (前庭) organs. These tell your brain ____12____ fast your body is moving and in what direction. This combines with your other senses to help your brain understand what your body is doing. On a plane, these signals don’t agree. Your eyes tell your brain that you are sitting still, but your vestibular organs sense that you are speeding ____13____ hundreds of miles per hour. These conflicting signals can make you feel unwell. 【答案】11. called 12. how 13. at 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了头部的前庭器官能告知大脑身体移动速度和方向，与其他感官配合助大脑感知身体状态。但在飞机上，感官信号冲突会让人不适。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在你的脑袋里是充满液体的微小结构，叫做前庭器官。句中已有are，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“structures”，“structures（结构）”和“call（叫做）”之间是被动关系，即“结构被叫做”，所以要用过去分词形式called。故填called。 【12题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这些信号会告诉你的大脑你身体的运动速度和方向。空处引导宾语从句，此处表示“你的身体移动得多快”，空处应用how引导从句，“how + 形容词 / 副词”可以表示程度，“how fast”表示“多快”。故填how。 【13题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：你的眼睛告诉你的大脑你正一动不动地坐着，但你的前庭器官感觉到你正在以每小时数百英里的速度行驶。“at + 速度”是固定搭配，表示 “以……的速度。故填at。 B An electric car has been seen taking off and flying in a test and ____14____ could change the future of travel. Last month, a company ____15____( fly) their vehicle, which rose straight up through the air like a helicopter, successfully completing a short flight over another parked car. While there have been other test flights involving flying cars in the past, this is the first time such an ____16____( invent) has been seen lifting off vertically(垂直地). 【答案】14. it 15. flew 16. invention 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一辆电动汽车在测试中起飞飞行，上月某公司的飞行器如直升机垂直升空并完成短途飞行，这是此类发明首次垂直起飞，可能改变未来出行。 【14题详解】 考查代词。句意：一辆电动汽车在测试中起飞和飞行，它可能会改变未来的出行方式。分析句子可知，此处为代词“it”指代前文提到的 “An electric car”，在句中作主语，表示“这辆电动汽车可能会改变未来的出行方式”。故填it。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：上个月，一家公司试飞了他们的飞行器，这种飞行器像直升机一样直接在空中上升，成功地在另一辆停放的汽车上空完成了短暂的飞行。根据“Last month” 可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“fly”的过去式是“flew”。故填flew。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然过去也有其他涉及飞行汽车的飞行测试，但这是第一次看到这样的发明垂直起飞。“an”是不定冠词，后接名词单数形式，“invent”是动词，其名词形式为 “invention”，表示“这种发明”。故填invention。 C At the age of 5, Sun Chi was diagnosed with autism (自闭症). Over the years, they ____17____ (receive) help from many caring individuals and organizations, ____18____ (make) a great difference in their lives. As society’s awareness of people with autism has grown, related ____19____ (policy) have also improved, providing more resources and opportunities for families like ____20____ (they). 【答案】17. have received 18. making 19. policies 20. them 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述孙驰5岁患自闭症，多年来获多方帮助。社会对自闭症认知提升，相关政策完善，为其家庭等提供更多资源机会。 【17题详解】 考查时态。句意：多年来，他们得到了许多有爱心的个人和组织的帮助，这对他们的生活产生了巨大影响。此空考查谓语动词， they和receive为主动关系，且Over the years是现在完成时的标志，主语they为复数，助动词用have。故填have received。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，他们得到了许多有爱心的个人和组织的帮助，这对他们的生活产生了巨大影响。此空考查非谓语，前面句子所述情况与make之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填making。 【19题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：随着社会对自闭症患者的关注度提高，相关政策也有所完善，为像他们这样的家庭提供了更多资源和机会。policy，表“政策”，为可数名词，根据助动词 “have”可知，此空应用复数形式作主语。故填policies。 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：随着社会对自闭症患者的关注度提高，相关政策也有所完善，为像他们这样的家庭提供了更多资源和机会。此处作介词like的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填them。 Passage 5（2024-2025高二下·北京市延庆区·期末） A Marilla had been wondering ___11___ Anne should be put to bed. She decided on the small bedroom. She ___12___ (light) a candle and told Anne to follow her, which Anne did, taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed. The hall was ___13___ (perfect) clean; the little room in which she found herself seemed still cleaner. 【答案】11. where 12. lit##lighted 13. perfectly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章选自《绿山墙的安妮》，简要描写了Marilla为收养的女孩Anne安排就寝的场景。 【11题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：Marilla一直在考虑该让Anne睡在哪里。空处引导名词性从句作wondering的宾语，结合下一句“She decided on the small bedroom.”可知，从句中缺少地点状语，空处需表达“何地，何处”，应用连接副词where作引导词。故填where。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她点燃蜡烛，吩咐Anne跟着她，Anne照做了，顺手从门厅桌上拿起自己的帽子和提包。空处和told并列，作句子的谓语，时态为一般过去时，light“点燃”应用过去式的形式lit或lighted。故填lit/lighted。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：门厅极为整洁，而这间她置身其中的小卧室显得更加纤尘不染。空处修饰形容词clean，结合“seemed still cleaner”可知，副词perfectly符合题意，意为“绝对地，完全地”。故填perfectly。 B Cloning occurs when an egg splits (分裂) and ____14____ (create) identical twins. The first ____15____ (be) successfully cloned by scientists was a sheep called Dolly. Despite the initial success, she suffered ____16____ an illness and died at the age of six. Since then, other animals such as goats and camels ____17____ (clone) but have also experienced similar health problems. 【答案】14. creates 15. to be 16. from 17. have been cloned 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克隆技术及其在动物克隆上的应用和面临的问题。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当一个卵子分裂并产生同卵双胞胎时，克隆就发生了。此处与splits并列作when引导的时间状语从句的谓语，应用一般现在时，主语an egg为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填creates。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家首次成功克隆的是一只名叫多莉的绵羊。句子谓语动词是was，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词The first，表示“第一个被克隆的”，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故填to be。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管最初取得了成功，但她还是生病了，六岁时就去世了。suffer from为固定短语，意为“遭受，患病”。故填from。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：从那以后，其他动物如山羊和骆驼也被克隆，但也遇到了类似的健康问题。根据时间状语Since then可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语other animals与动词clone之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词应用have。故填have been cloned。 C Little Women is a classic novel by Louisa May Alcott ____18____ follows the lives of four sisters — Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy — as they grow up during the American Civil War Through their struggles, dreams and daily adventures, the story shows the importance of family, love and ____19____ (become) a better person. With warm ____20____ (character) and meaningful lessons, Little Women continues to inspire readers of all ages around the world. 【答案】18. that##which 19. becoming 20. characters 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《小妇人》这部经典小说及其所传达的家庭、爱与成长的主题。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：《小妇人》是路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的一部经典小说，讲述了梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米四姐妹在美国内战期间成长的故事。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a classic novel，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过她们的奋斗、梦想和日常冒险，这个故事展示了家庭、爱和成为一个更好的人的重要性。此处与family, love并列作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填becoming。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：《小妇人》以其温暖的人物形象和有意义的教训，继续激励着世界各地的各个年龄段的读者。此处作介词With的宾语，应用名词character，且由warm修饰，可推测此处指多个角色，应用复数形式。故填characters。 Passage 6（2025-2026高二下·北京市顺义区牛栏山一中·4月月考） A Invented ____11____ early twentieth-century America by Richard Drew, Scotch tape can be used to fix almost anything. However, there is more to this fix-it-all than just that. Sticky yet____12____(easy) removed, Scotch tape was designed for use in painting cars — to mask off areas that should not be painted. The tape soon found other uses. During the 1930s, people didn’t have much money, so they couldn’t throw away damaged things; they had to repair them. Drew’s painting tape became a popular, money-saving fix for everything from torn clothing to broken eggs. Since then, people ____13____ (find) all sorts of creative ways to use the sticky tape. 【答案】11. in 12. easily 13. have found 【导语】本文主要介绍透明胶带的发明者、最初用途以及人们不断发掘的各类创新用途。 【11题详解】 考查介词。句意：透明胶带由理查德·德鲁在二十世纪早期的美国发明，几乎可以用来粘贴固定任何东西。表示“在某世纪、某年代”需用介词in，in early twentieth-century America表示“在二十世纪早期的美国”。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：透明胶带粘性强且易于剥离，它被设计用于汽车喷漆作业，用以遮盖无需喷漆的区域。此处修饰过去分词removed，需用副词形式，easy的副词形式为easily。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，人们发现了使用这种粘性胶带的各种创意方法。句中时间状语Since then意为“从那以后”，是现在完成时的标志，主语people为复数，现在完成时结构为have done。 B Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. ____14____ confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions ____15____ (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of ____16____ (picture) to help you understand. 【答案】14. What 15. using 16. pictures 【导语】这是一篇说明文。所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍。 【14题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用。主语从句“confuses students”中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what。故填what。 【15题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子。动词use和逻辑主语other expressions构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。 【16题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解。a range of后应用可数名词复数。故填pictures。 C Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping(急喘) for air, his ___17___(frighten) mother begging for help. Emma rushed to the boy, ___18___ face had turned purple. “What’s wrong?” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Emma had learned how ___19___(perform) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at school. She acted quickly. Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He ___20___(save) in time. 【答案】17. frightened 18. whose 19. to perform 20. was saved 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Emma在回家路上，救助被糖果卡住喉咙的小男孩的故事。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：环顾四周，她看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他惊恐的母亲请求帮助。空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词 mother，因为修饰空后指人的名词mother，所以空处需用ed形容词frightened“惊恐的”。故填frightened。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Emma奔向男孩，男孩的脸已经变紫了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词face，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句。故填whose。 【19题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：幸运的是，Emma在学校学会了如何使用海姆利克急救法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用疑问词how接动词不定式作动词learned的宾语。故填to perform。 【20题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：他及时得救了。根据前一句谓语动词began 可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为小男孩是被Emma救，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was saved。 Passage 7（2024-2025高二下·北京市通州区·期末） A I used to look up to celebrities growing up and many of them were my role models. But, as I ____11____ (get) older, I realized that my favourite personality is right in front of me — my father with whom I live, eat and sleep. So far, I ____12____ (realize) that you don’t have to be super famous to have a great personality. You can be an ordinary person. He makes us feel ____13____ (equal) important and takes the advice of every one of us, regardless of the age. 【答案】11. got 12. have realized 13. equally 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者成长过程中对名人的崇拜到后来意识到自己父亲才是最值得敬佩的人，以及父亲的一些优秀品质。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：但随着我长大，我意识到我最喜欢的人物就在我面前 —— 和我一起生活、吃饭、睡觉的父亲。根据语境及“older”及“realized”可知，此处as引导的时间状语从句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，get的过去式是got。故填got。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，我已经意识到，你不必非常有名才能拥有伟大的个性。根据时间状语So far可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，其构成是have/has done，主语是第一人称I，所以空处助动词需用have。故填have realized。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：他让我们感到同样重要，并采纳我们每个人的建议，无论年龄大小。空处需用副词作状语修饰形容词important，equal的副词为equally“同样地，平等地”。故填equally。 B Plastics are a part of ____14____ (we) everyday lives, and plastic pollution is a growing concern. When plastics break down over time, they can form smaller particles called microplastics, ____15____ in turn can break down into even smaller pieces called nanoplastics. Unable to be seen with the naked eye, these plastic particles are small enough ____16____ (enter) the human body’s cell and tissues. But the potential health effects of these tiny plastic bits are still unproven and ____17____ (know). 【答案】14. our 15. which 16. to enter 17. unknown 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了微塑料是如何产生的以及对我们的影响。 【14题详解】 考查代词。句意：塑料是我们日常生活的一部分，而塑料污染也日益成为一个令人担忧的问题。修饰名词everyday lives，用形容词性物主代词our，故填our。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，塑料会分解成更小的颗粒，这些颗粒被称为微塑料，而微塑料又会进一步分解成更小的颗粒，即纳米塑料。引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词microplastics，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些塑料颗粒肉眼无法看见，它们的尺寸极小，能够进入人体的细胞和组织之中。be+adj.+enough to do sth.为固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，故填to enter。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这些微小塑料颗粒对健康的潜在影响目前仍未得到证实，也尚不明确。根据“unproven and”可知，此处需填与unproven并列的形容词，结合语境 “潜在健康影响尚未证实且未知”用形容词unknown，故填unknown。 C The Lake Poets were a group of English poets who all lived in the Lake District of England ____18____ the early 19th century. As a group, they followed no single “school” of thought. The first of the poets to come there was Robert Southey, one of the most respected poets of his time. ____19____ (attract) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets, other poets came to live in the Lake District, and soon all of these poets ____20____ (see) as part of the Romantic Movement. 【答案】18. in 19. Attracted 20. were seen 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湖畔诗人这一群体在 19 世纪早期的活动区域及成员构成等内容。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：湖畔诗人是一群英国诗人，他们在 19 世纪早期都居住在英格兰湖区。“在……世纪早期”常用固定表达“in the early+世纪年份”，故填in。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到湖区自然美景的吸引，同时也渴望靠近这些著名诗人，其他诗人也纷纷迁居湖区。分析句子结构可知，主语是other poets，谓语动词是came，所以attract是非谓语动词且与主语是被动关系，即诗人被吸引，要用过去分词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Attracted。 【20题详解】 考查被动语态和时态。句意：很快所有这些诗人都被视为浪漫主义运动的一部分。主语all of these poets与谓语动词see是被动关系，且描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是复数，故填were seen。 Passage 8（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区三十五中·3月月考） A There is a difference between arguing and fighting. Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns. You are more likely to ignore ____11____ matters in distinguishing them. Yet you can engage in an argument respectfully ____12____ stirring up anger. Fighting, however, usually involves personal attacks, raising of voices, and storming out. Once ____13____ (burn), arguing turns into fighting. 【答案】11. what 12. without 13. burnt##burned 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“争论”和“争吵”的区别，帮助读者区分两种不同的沟通方式。 【11题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：你更有可能忽略区分它们的关键所在。分析句子结构可知，“ignore”后接宾语从句，且从句中“matters”缺少主语，指代“事物”，此处用what引导宾语从句，“what matters”为固定表达，意为“重要的事情”。故填what。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而你可以礼貌地参与一场争论，而不激起愤怒。本句表示“不激起愤怒”，空格处用介词without，表示“不，没有”，后接动名词形式“stirring”，符合语境。故填without。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦被激化，争论就会变成争吵。根据句意，此处表示“一旦被激化”，“burn”与逻辑主语“arguing”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词burnt或burned表被动；此处为“Once + 过去分词”的省略结构，即当主句和从句的主语一致时，可以省略主语和be动词。故填burnt/burned。 B A loud noise woke me at midnight. I rushed to turn on the light to discover it ____14____ (be) a cat. I immediately realized that I ____15____ (leave) a window open. My houseguest soon left after getting my treats and some scratches under her neck. Over the next few weeks, she would stop by occasionally. Sometimes, she only stayed for a few minutes; other times, she would wander around my apartment a little longer. The cat even helped me connect with some new neighbors, ____16____ asked if she was my cat. Apparently, she visited them as well. 【答案】14. was 15. had left 16. who 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者半夜被猫吵醒，随后与这只猫及新邻居产生交集的故事。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我急忙打开灯，发现是一只猫。根据“I rushed to turn on the light”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我立刻意识到我忘记关窗户了。leave这一动作发生在realized之前，描述过去的过去发生的事情，用过去完成时，谓语用had left。故填had left。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这只猫甚至帮助我结识了一些新邻居，他们问她是不是我的猫。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为neighbors，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 C Technology is constantly advancing. ____17____ we imagined it years ago cannot keep up with its pace of development. In the past, autonomous vehicles were just a part of movies, ____18____ these technologies are now successfully coming into being. An autonomous car, also ____19____ (know) as a self-driving car, can perform all functions related to everyday driving and parking. It is a technology that senses the environment and, upon entering the destination, ____20____ (find) its way without human intervention. 【答案】17. How 18. but 19. known 20. finds 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科技在不断进步，以自动驾驶汽车为例说明新技术正成功实现。 【17题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：我们多年前对它的想象已经跟不上它的发展速度了。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，用连接副词how引导，句首单词首字母大写。故填How。 【18题详解】 考查连词。句意：在过去，自动驾驶汽车只是电影的一部分，但现在这些技术正在成功实现。前面说明过去无人驾驶汽车仍属于电影中的场景，还不是现实，后面说明现在这些技术已成为现实，因此前后语义构成转折，空处意为“但是”，用连词but连接。故填but 。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自动驾驶汽车，也被称为无人驾驶汽车，可以执行与日常驾驶和停车相关的所有功能。know与An autonomous car为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰名词car。故填known。 【20题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它是一种感知环境的技术，在进入目的地后，无需人工干预就能找到自己的路。此处与senses并列，应用一般现在时，主语that指代technology，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式finds。故填finds。 Passage 1（2024-2025高二下·北京市朝阳区·期末） 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. A lot more plastic waste ________ (throw) into the ocean last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was thrown 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，更多的塑料垃圾被扔进了海洋。根据时间状语last year可知，时态应使用一般过去时态，throw“扔”与主语plastic waste之间是被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语是不可数名词，be动词用was。故填was thrown。 22. Luckily, the parents ________ (put) away all the clothes before it rained. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had put 【详解】考查时态。句意：幸运的是，父母在下雨前把所有的衣服都收起来了。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语从句before it rained可知，此处表示过去的过去发生的动作，应用过去完成时。故填had put。 23. She wants a job __________ her management skills can be put to good use. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺状语，先行词是抽象地点名词job，故用关系副词where引导从句。故答案是where。 24. Tom accidentally slipped on the wet floor, ________ (injure) his arm badly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】injuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆不小心在湿地板上滑倒了，结果手臂受了重伤。句中有谓语动词slipped且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，injure意为“使受伤”，Tom与injure为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词injuring，作结果状语，表示滑倒导致的自然结果。故填injuring。 25. The politicians delivered several powerful ________ (speech) at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】speeches 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：政客们在会议上发表了几次强有力演讲。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，且根据several“几次”可知，此处应用可数名词复数形式，speech的复数形式为speeches。故填speeches。 26. The government ________ (invest) 2 billion RMB in renewable energy by now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has invested 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，政府已经在可再生能源上投资了20亿元人民币。根据时间状语“by now(到目前为止)”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语The government是第三人称单数，助动词用has；invest的过去分词是invested。故填has invested。 27. The medical students were unsure about ________ they should do with the emergency. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：医科学生不确定紧急情况下他们应该做什么。分析句子结构可知，介词about后有一个完整的句子，即介词后有一个宾语从句。宾语从句的动词do“做”需要接一个宾语，连接代词what“什么”符合语境，且能充当宾语。故填what。 28. The little child made great efforts ________ (reach) for the ripe pear hanging on the branch. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to reach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小孩努力去够挂在树枝上的熟梨。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词不定式作目的状语，“make efforts to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。故填to reach。 29. Nowadays, the Internet, as well as modern satellites, ________ (connect) remote areas globally. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】connects 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：如今，互联网和现代卫星连接了全球的偏远地区。本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时；as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，即与the Internet保持一致，the Internet为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式connects“连接”。故填connects。 30. When ________ (question) about its factories’ damage to the environment, the company insisted that it had done nothing wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】questioned 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当被问及工厂对环境的破坏时，该公司坚持认为自己没有做错任何事。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子为when the company was ____ (question)，主语the company与question“问”为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填questioned。 Passage 2（2024-2025高二下·北京市东城区·期末） A Our library had a “Music in the Lobby” day and I registered to play old-time piano tunes. An elderly gentleman and his granddaughter stopped ____11____ (listen). Noticing he was unable to stand, I patted the bench alongside me and he took a seat ____12____ (slow). When I played the romantic love song “Strangers in the Night”, he began to sing. An audience gathered as the man accompanied me throughout the performance. At the end, he ____13____ (give) a standing applause. As the man left, his granddaughter whispered in my ear. “My grandpa has not sung a word since Grandma passed away,” she said. “Thank you for giving him his voice back.” 【答案】11. to listen 12. slowly 13. was given 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者在图书馆演奏老式钢琴曲时，如何帮助一位失去伴唱多年的老人找回歌声，并带给其家人感动的故事。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位老先生和他的孙女停下来听（我弹奏）。此处为固定搭配stop to do sth.，意为“停下来去做某事”，表示停下正在做的事去做另一件事，所以用动词不定式to listen作宾语。故填to listen。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：注意到他站不住，我拍了拍我旁边的长凳，他慢慢地坐了下来。此处修饰动词took，用slow的副词slowly，意为“慢慢地”。故填slowly。 【13题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：表演结束时，他受到了起立鼓掌（的礼遇）。此处为谓语动词，he与give为被动关系，结合上文的谓语动词gathered以及下文的谓语动词left以及whispered可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was given。故填was given。 B Since reducing meat and dairy can help with our planet’s climate Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital is pioneering a strategy to get people to consume more plant-based food. Through research, the hospital has found that the foods ____14____(label) “vegetarian” tend to attract only a certain group of the hospital’s patients ____15____ have dietary restrictions. So they stopped mentioning “vegetarian” in the name of any dishes. So far, Faulkner Hospital ____16____ (see) a 2.2% decrease in total carbon emissions per calorie. What is more, vegetarian diets have helped diversify the patients’ diets, ____17____ (increase) their intake of healthful fiber, vitamins, and other micronutrients. 【答案】14. labeled##labelled 15. who##that 16. has seen 17. increasing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布里格姆妇女福克纳医院通过减少肉类和奶制品的摄入，推广植物性饮食，以减少碳排放并改善患者饮食多样性的举措及其成效。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过研究，医院发现，标有“素食”标签的食物往往只能吸引医院里那些有饮食限制的特定患者群体。句子已有谓语动词has found，空处为非谓语动词作定语，label与foods构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填labeled/labelled。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词patients，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，福克纳医院每卡路里的总碳排放量已经减少了2.2%。根据上文so far可知，为现在完成时，主语为Faulkner Hospital，助动词用has。故填has seen。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，素食饮食有助于使患者的饮食多样化，增加他们摄入有益的纤维、维生素和其他微量营养素。句子已有谓语动词have helped，空处为非谓语动词作状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作状语。故填increasing。 C If archaeologists (考古学家) are asked why their work is important, they are most likely to respond that it is ____18____ the same reasons that history is valued. By knowing our human past, we appreciate who we are and ____19____ we came from. Accordingly, by studying the past, we can inform our decisions about the future. Therefore, archaeology’s potential for educating more intelligent, involved, global ____20____ (citizen) is considerable. In classrooms, learning about archaeology helps students improve various skills across many disciplines and develop a sensitivity to other people and diverse cultures. 【答案】18. for 19. where 20. citizens 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是考古学的重要性，它通过研究人类过去帮助我们了解自身，并为未来决策提供信息，同时在教育中具有提升学生多学科能力和文化敏感性的潜力。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果问考古学家他们的工作为何重要，他们很可能会回答，这和历史受到重视的原因是一样的。此处为固定搭配for...reasons，意为“由于……原因”，所以用介词for。故填for。 【19题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：通过了解我们人类的过去，我们能明白自己是谁，来自何处。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，与“who we are”并列作appreciate的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“来自哪里”，用连接副词where。故填where。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：因此，考古学在培养更有智慧、更积极参与的全球公民方面的潜力是巨大的。citizen为可数名词，作宾语，空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数形式citizens，泛指全球公民。故填citizens。 Passage 3（2024-2025高二下·北京市西城区·期末） A The World Health Day, ____35____ (celebrate) every year on April 7, is a global initiative started by the World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of the day is ____36____ (spread) awareness around key health issues and run campaigns and discussions around it. This year’s theme is “Healthy Beginning, Hopeful Futures”. The health of mothers and babies is the foundation of healthy ____37____ (family) and communities, helping ensure hopeful futures for us all. 【答案】35. celebrated 36. to spread 37. families 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界卫生日的相关信息，包括设立时间、发起组织、目的以及今年的主题，强调了母婴健康对家庭和社区健康的重要性。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：每年4月7日庆祝的世界卫生日，是世界卫生组织发起的一项全球性活动。The World Health Day与celebrate之间是被动关系，即“世界卫生日被庆祝”，所以用过去分词celebrated作后置定语，修饰The World Health Day。故填celebrated。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天的目的是传播对关键健康问题的认识，并围绕这些问题开展活动和进行讨论。“the aim is to do sth.”表示“目的是做某事”，此处用动词不定式to spread作表语。故填to spread。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：母亲和婴儿的健康是健康家庭和社区的基础，有助于确保我们所有人都有充满希望的未来。family为可数名词，根据and后的communities可知，此处也应用复数形式families作宾语，表示“多个家庭”。故填families。 B A tortoise at the Philadelphia Zoo has become the oldest first-time mother of her species after ____38____ (have) her first babies at 100 years old. The tortoise, named Mommy, is a critically endangered species in their native home. There are ____39____ (few) than 50 kept in US zoos. Mommy arrived at the Zoo in 1932, meaning anyone that ____40____ (visit) the Zoo for the last 93 years has likely seen her. This is a significant milestone ____41____ the history of the Zoo. 【答案】38. having 39. fewer 40. has visited 41. in 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了费城动物园一只100岁的乌龟首次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲的故事。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：费城动物园的一只乌龟在100岁时第一次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲。设空处位于介词“after”后，需用动名词形式作宾语。故填having。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在美国的动物园里，这种乌龟的数量不足50只。根据“than”可知此处需用比较级，few的比较级是fewer。故填fewer。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这只乌龟于1932年来到动物园，意味着过去93年来任何参观动物园的人都可能见过它。根据时间状语“for the last 93 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，that指代anyone，作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填has visited。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这是动物园历史上的一个重要里程碑。表示“在……历史中”需用介词in，构成固定短语in the history of…。故填in。 C A Chinese automaker has created a battery ____42____ will enable electric vehicles (EVs) to charge almost as quickly as it takes to fill a regular car’s gas tank. The new battery, named the e platform, ____43____ (develop) last year by BYD, a Chinese firm that is overtaking Tesla as the world’s top seller of electric vehicles. BYD says it will install a network of 4,000 flash-charging stations across China. This technology is currently only available in China, and the company has yet to confirm ____44____ it will make it available internationally or not. 【答案】42. which## that 43. was developed 44. whether 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国汽车制造商比亚迪研发出一款能使电动汽车快速充电的电池e平台，该公司还将在中国建立4000个快充站，且这项技术目前仅在中国可用，公司尚未确定是否推向国际市场。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一家中国汽车制造商研发出一种电池，它能使电动汽车的充电速度几乎和给普通汽车加油一样快。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为battery，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which / that。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这款名为e平台的新电池是去年由比亚迪公司研发的，比亚迪是一家中国公司，正超越特斯拉成为全球最大的电动汽车销售商。本句主语The new battery与develop之间是被动关系，即“电池被研发”，且时间状语为last year，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语为单数，所以用was developed。故填was developed。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：比亚迪表示，该公司尚未确认是否会将其推向国际市场。根据“or not”可知，此处为whether... or not结构，引导宾语从句，在句中作confirm的宾语，表示“是否”。故填whether。 Passage 4（2025-2026高二下·北京市西城区第十五中学·期中） A Professor Mayer, ____66____ (recognize) by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs, recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students ____67____ (introduce) to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties. Compared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and ____68____ (willing) to try new things. 【答案】66. recognized 67. were introduced 68. more willing 【导语】文章主要讲述了梅耶教授关于学生情商变化的研究结果。 【66题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：梅耶教授被许多人公认为研究人们情商变化的主要专家，他最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。本句已有谓语动词announced，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词，recognize“认为”与其逻辑主语Professor Mayer之间是被动关系，空处需用过去分词recognized作后置定语修饰名词Professor Mayer。 【67题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当学生们被介绍给那些有残疾的人时，他们发现，之后，非残疾学生更愿意帮助有困难的人。空格处是When引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据who引导的定语从句的谓语动词had和主句谓语动词found可知，句子时态为一般过去时， students与 introduce“介绍”之间是被动关系，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是复数students，所以be动词需用were。introduce的过去分词为introduced。 【68题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他们对生活变得更加积极，更愿意尝试新事物。and连接并列成分，根据前文more positive about life可知，空处需用形容词比较级作表语，willing的比较级为more willing。 B In fact, ____69____ (plan) to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now ____70____ (be) unlikely to remain relevant and be enough ____71____ (help) you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do? Work hard? Win the lottery? Hope for the best? You might be lucky. These ____72____ (strategy) might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”. 【答案】69. planning 70. are 71. to help 72. strategies 【导语】文章主要讨论了在现代社会中，终身从事同一领域工作已不再现实。 【69题详解】 考查动名词。句意：事实上，计划在整个职业生涯中都从事同一领域或行业的工作已经不再实际。空处需用动名词作主语，plan“计划”的动名词为planning。 【70题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你现在拥有的技能不太可能一直保持相关性，也不足以帮助你度过整个职业生涯。根据前文“The skills you have now”可知，此处描述的是现在的技能情况，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数skills，所以be动词需用are。 【71题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意同上。be enough to do sth.“足够做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用help“帮助”的动词不定式形式作结果状语。 【72题详解】 考查可数名词的数。句意：这些策略可能会给你带来一个美好、舒适的生活：做一份你喜欢的工作，挣一份体面的薪水，在你还年轻健康的时候退休。These后需接可数名词复数，strategy“策略”的复数为strategies。 C “Because that creature is made of steel!” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being, and kicked it. It was evidently a hard, solid body. The black back ___73___ supported me was smooth, polished, nothing like an animal. The blow produced a sound of metal; and, incredible though it may be, it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. This monster was a human construction. We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening, a hole, ___74___ found nothing. At last this long night passed. Daybreak appeared. Suddenly, a noise came ___75___ inside the boat. One iron plate was moved, a man appeared, uttered an odd cry, and disappeared immediately. Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and drew us down into their incredible machine. 【答案】73. that##which 74. but 75. from 【导语】文章主要讲述了一次意外发现并进入潜水艇的惊险经历。 【73题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：支撑我的黑色背部光滑、有光泽，一点也不像动物。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为The black back，指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。 【74题详解】 考查连词。句意：我在外面到处找开口，找洞，但什么也没找到。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句之间表示转折关系，所以空处需用连词but“但是”连接。 【75题详解】 考查介词。句意：突然，船内传来一阵响声。come from“来自……”，固定短语，所以空处需用介词from。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $