专题 08 词句过关 （期末复习专项训练）高一英语下学期外研版

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语词句基础，通过多题型分层训练构建从词汇拼写、语法应用到语境综合运用的递进式知识体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词拼写|约50题|含汉译英、首字母提示，覆盖名/动/形/副词|从基础词汇记忆到语境词性判断| |单句语法填空|约15题|考查词性转换、时态、非谓语等语法点|语法规则在单句语境中的应用| |选词填空|约20题|需结合构词法与语境选择并变形单词|词汇辨析与语境适配能力训练| |完成句子/翻译|约15题|含中英互译，涉及固定搭配与句型结构|从词句到篇章的综合语言输出|

专题08 词句过关 （期末复习专项训练） 类型一: 单词拼写 1．achievement2．surrounded3．aspects4．Fortunately5．effective6．concerned/oncerned7．occurred/ccurred 8．mentally/entally9．permits/ermits10．otherwise/therwise11．confirmation/onfirmation12．shelter/helter 13．flexible/lexible14．intensity/ntensity15．sufficient/ufficient16．frequent/requent17．essential/ssential 18．interaction/nteraction19．effective/ffective20．frank/rank21．contribution/ontribution/contributions/ontributions 22．permit23．entertain/ntertain24．disaster/isaster25．relief/elief 类型二: 单句语法填空 1．scenic2．beneficial3．generosity4．assumption5．originated6．flexibly7．sought8．commercial/commercialized 9．measuring10．generosity11．occurred12．being bitten13.representing 类型三: 选词填空 1．fame 2．interactive 3．occurred 4．endurance 5．enthusiastic 6．elected 7．expectations 8．appreciative 9．upsetting 10．delighted 类型四: 完成句子 1． announced discount2． reflects typical3． diversity resulted 5．apologize case6．confirm identity7． performance striking8． comic published 9． loan intention10． faded away 一．单词拼写 1．crowd2．independent3．signal4．flexible5．frequently6．apologized7．construction8．disappointed 9．claimed10．seeking11．shallow12．facilities13．permission14．otherwise15．postpones16．congratulations 17．familiar18．complaints19．dotted20．poisonous21．independently22．determination23．permission 24．attach/ttach25．claiming/laiming26．operation/peration27．regularly/egularly28．disappointed/isappointed 29．Admission/dmission30．sought/ought31．resources/esources32．sharp/harp33．lack/ack34．discount/discounts 35．updated36．is surrounded27．relief28．religious29．minority30．was appointed 二、单句语法填空 1．endangered2．assumed3．Being admitted4．where 三．选词填空 （1） 1．looked through 2．threw light on 3．at their own pace 4．probed into 5．gave way （2） 1．beyond recognition 2．reached out to 3．rose to her feet 4．threw new light on/throws new light on 5．flew off 6．attached 7．to 8．referred to 9．as 10．In terms of 11．have yet to 12．like no other 四、翻译 1．New Year’s Eve is an occasion where all family members get together. 2．He always remembers the happy times that he spent with his parents in the small town, which carried him through many difficulties in life. 3．The anger inside me is like a growing monster, driving me crazy. 4．The sting of disappointment pierced through her, and she hung her head, leaning against the wall to rest. 5．Determined to figure out the specific steps of the experiment, he searched online for a large amount of information. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 词句过关 （期末复习专项训练） 类型一: 单词拼写 1．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Even a small success can give you a sense of ________ (成就). 2．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）The Emerald Isle offers a true feast for the eyes,______ (包围) by its rolling green hills. 3．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）In the speech, he explained some of the positive ________ (方面) of technological development. 4．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）______________ ( 幸运地 ) , everything worked out all right in the end. 5．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）One of the most ________ (有效的) ways to reduce carbon emission is encouraging more people to use public transport. 6．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Don’t stay up too late. I’m really c________ about your health. 7．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）It suddenly o ________ to me that I forgot to buy a present for his birthday. 8．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Regular exercise is beneficial to our health both physically and m________. 9．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）If weather p________, we’ll go for a picnic at the beach. 10．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）You’ll have to go now, o________ you’ll miss the first bus. 11．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）They took her resignation as c________ (证实) of their suspicions. 12．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）People were desperately seeking s________ (庇护) from the gunfire. 13．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Rewards can be f________ (灵活的) working hours. 14．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）The i________ (强度) of the work left little room for personal grief or anxiety. 15．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Another flight would be arranged on Saturday if s________ (足够的) demand arose. 16．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Symptoms included f________ (频繁的) dryness in the mouth. 17．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Speed is the e________ (必不可少的、基本的) ingredient of all athletics. 18．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Price is determined through the i________ (相互作用) of demand and supply. 19．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Humour is a more e________ (有效的) defense than violence. 20．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）To be f___________, you don't have much chance of getting the job offer. 21．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Yuanlongping will always be remembered for his c ________ to rice farming. 22．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）“Sorry, sir, we do not p________ smoking on the High Speed Rail.” said the conductor. 23．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Subjects were picked to inspire or e________ (让人快乐). 24．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was considered China’s worst natural d________in three decades. 25．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）To my r________ , I caught my flight in the last minute. 类型二: 单句语法填空 1．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）This is an extremely (scene) part of the countryside. 2．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I have to say it will surely be (benefit) for you if you develop a good learning habit. 3．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）How can I ever repay you for your (generous)? 4．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The whole argument rests on a false (assume). 5．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Whales (origin) in the freshwater lakes and rivers of ancient Asia about sixty million years ago. 6．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Provided they are well designed, they can adjust (flexible) to the need for assistance. 7．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The answer to the problem must be (seek) elsewhere. 8．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Festivals are becoming more and more (commerce) with businesses taking advantage of the celebration. 9．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals. 10．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The community was deeply touched by her (generous) in sharing food and supplies during the flood. 11．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The wildfire that (occur) in Canada last week has had a far-reaching impact on the ecological environment. 12．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The accident serves as a warning to all wilderness lovers about the potential dangers that can lead to (bite) by poisonous insects in the wild. 13.（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Constructed with advanced technology, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, (represent) China’s outstanding infrastructure achievements, has become a world-renowned engineering marvel. 类型三: 选词填空 （24-25高一下·天津和平·期末）根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个单词多余。 enthusiasm   upset     expect    elect      conclude    appreciate   delight    endurance    fame     interact 1．Mount Huang enjoys worldwide for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists. 2．The more   the robot are with humans, the better it can learn. 3．We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that mullions of years ago. 4．This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and . 5．Seeing that everybody was about the trip, the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day to ensure everyone had enough time to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 6．After three rounds of voting, Jack was finally president of the school's students' union. 7．The result is totally beyond his That is to say, he has never thought he could get the award. 8．He was very of his colleagues’ help and support during his illness. 9．Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without the boy or his parents. 10．To our joy, the picture drawn by my brother made all the judges so he won first prize. 类型四: 完成句子 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）店长昨天宣布，前100名顾客可享受5折特别优惠。 Yesterday the store manager ________ a special 50% ________ for the first 100 customers. 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）这幅画反映了那个时代的典型风格。 This painting ________ the ________ style of that era 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）家人的爱和支持帮助他度过了漫长的康复期。 The love and support of his family ________ him ________ his long recovery. 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）公司对多样性的鼓励导致了一个更加包容的工作场所环境。 The company’s encouragement of ________ has ________ in a more inclusive workplace environment. 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）你应该向你的朋友道歉，以防你的错误给他们带来麻烦。 You should ________ to your friends in ________ your mistake caused them trouble. 6．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）警官要求我出示护照来确认我的身份。 The officer asked me to __________ my __________ with my passport. 7．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）她的表演非常引人注目，她赢得了很多追随者。 Her _________ was so _________ that she won a lot of followers. 8．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）最近出版了一系列关于野生动物的漫画书。 A series of _________ books on wildlife have been _________ recently. 9．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）他借了一笔贷款，打算能买一栋大房子。 He took out a _________ with the _________ of buying a big house. 10．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）乐队从我们的视野消失了，音乐和嘈杂声也逐渐消散了。 As the band moved out of our view, the music and noise _________ _________. 一．单词拼写 1．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Though I haven’t met him for many years,I could recognize him immediately when I saw him in the ______(人群). 2．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Going away to college will make you much more ________ (独立的). 3．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Chest pains can be a warning________ (信号)of heart problems. 4．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Our plans need to be________ (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 5．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）His name appeared ________   (频繁地) in the local newspaper. 6．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）After realizing the mistake, he immediately ______ (道歉) to his friend. 7．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The theatre under ______ (建设) now will be completed in about three years. 8．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）These disasters made people ______ (沮丧的), but the desire to explore the universe never died. 9．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）With over 3000 lives________(夺去生命), the earthquake caused massive destruction. 10．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The immigrants spent all the time________(寻找，寻求) their fortune in the gold rush. 11．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Don’t judge people by their appearance; sometimes even the most beautiful ponds are quite ______(浅的). 12．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）These ________(设备，设施) are of vital importance in space exploration. 13．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）You’re not allowed to film without______(许可)。 14．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）We’re committed to the project. We wouldn’t be here______(否则)。 15．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）A wise farmer never ______ (延期) gathering his crops when the sun is shining. 16．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I said ________ (祝贺) and walked over to him and shook his hand. 17．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I don’t think we have met before though I have to say I am indeed __________(熟悉) with both your face and voice. 18．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Their __________(抱怨) have finally stirred him into action. 19．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）On the front gate of each household is __________ (布满，点缀) with red Chinese knots and lanterns. 20．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）There are hundreds of ___________(有毒的) spiders and snakes. 21．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）It enhances people’s ability to work __________ (独立). 22．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）She was a woman of unique talent and __________(决心). 23．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）He shouldn’t be taping without the singer’s __________ (许可). 24．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）For all the feelings readers a________ (附上) to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. 25．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Heart disease is the biggest killer, c________ (夺取) 180,000 lives a year. 26．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）His family could not afford an o______ (手术), and the boy lived in shame. 27．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Many of the plants you have r______ (有规律地) in food and drink have medical elements. 28．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with d______ (失望的) looks on their faces. 29．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）A______ (入场费) to lectures is free. 30．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）She s____ (寻求) advice from her professor before she started the research. 31．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of these natural r______ (资源). 32．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The number of people experiencing depression shows a s______ (急剧的) increase in the first year of high school. 33．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The chief complaint about online courses is that they l________ (缺少) human interaction. 34．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The craziness for Black Friday ____________ (折扣) often leads to overspending. 35．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）We can get the most ____________ (更新的) information from large databases. 36．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Chongqing, well-known as the Mountain City, ____________ (环绕) by towering peaks and winding rivers. 27．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Receiving the news that her dad recovered from the operation, she sensed a wave of ____________ (如释重负). 28．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）During the Renaissance artists began to break away from traditional ________ (宗教的) themes and explore more secular subjects.   29．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Women are still a ____________ (少数) in some senior management positions of large companies. 30．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）In 2022, following tradition, Prince Williams ____________ (任命) as the Duke (公爵) of Cornwall by his father, King Charles, a title with significant historical and ceremonial importance. 二、单句语法填空 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The government has established several natural reserves to safeguard the (endanger) wild animals from poachers and habitat loss. 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）It’s (assume) that with AI developing at such a high speed, we may see a future where intelligent robots assist humans in every aspect of life. 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末） (admit) to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The map unfolded, the detective located the right place the killer might hide. 三．选词填空 （1） （24-25高一下·天津和平·期末）根据句子意义选择适合该句的词块，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个词块多余。 probe into    at one’s own pace    give way throw light on    look through    think on his feet 1．In the past, people newspapers to get the latest news. However, they rely on the mobile phones for news now. 2．His speech in the class the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. 3．Some people think online students are able to study and often finish faster than traditional students. 4．Instead, as linguists deeper the world’s languages (7,000 or so, only a small number of them analyzed), innumerable unpredictable differences appeared. 5．The wall suddenly due to the continuous rainfall, which fortunately caused no injury to the residents. （2） （24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项 have yet to    account for    throw new light on refer to…… as    reach out to    fly off like no other    but then again    beyond recognition attach... to    rise to one’s feet    in terms of Last Sunday, my grandma and I stepped into her favorite old cafe. It had been renovated(翻新), almost 1 , but thankfully, the familiar warmth still lingered(萦绕). Decades ago, this place was where Grandpa first 2 Grandma — shyly handing her a rose across the table. Seeing it, Grandma’ s eyes lit up, and she 3 to accept it. Maybe that was love at the first sight. Their love story, simple yet touching, 4 what“ true connection” means. As we sat,a waiter’s tray 5 accidentally, but he caught it just in time.Grandma laughed, recalling how Grandpa once 6 a love note   7 her favorite book. “ He always 8 that book   9 our’ secret diary’, ” she said,smiling. 10 modern renovations, the cafe now has a glass roof — but some corners 11 be updated. Time has changed many things, but the cafe’s soul remains. It deserves its reputation as a witness to love. We left with hearts full,knowing that memories of this place would never fade, for they give us experiences 12 . 四、翻译 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）除夕夜是一个所有家庭成员聚在一起的场合。(occasion，定语从句)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）他一直记得和父母在这个小镇里度过的快乐时光，这帮助他度过了很多人生中的困难。(carry sb through，非限制性定语从句)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）我内在的愤怒像日益长大的怪兽，逼得我快发疯了。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）失望的刺痛穿透了她，她垂下头，靠在墙上休息。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）决心要弄明白做实验具体的步骤，他在网上搜索了大量的信息。(determine，过去分词做状语)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 词句过关 （期末复习专项训练） 类型一: 单词拼写 1．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Even a small success can give you a sense of ________ (成就). 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：甚至小小的成功会给你一种成就感。根据汉语提示“成就”以及上文a sense of可知此处要用可数名词的单数，a sense of achievement表示“一种成就感”。故填achievement。 2．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）The Emerald Isle offers a true feast for the eyes,______ (包围) by its rolling green hills. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：翡翠岛被连绵起伏的青山环绕，给人一种真正的视觉盛宴。根据汉语提示可知是动词surround，和主语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填surrounded。 3．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）In the speech, he explained some of the positive ________ (方面) of technological development. 【答案】aspects 【详解】考查名词。句意：在演讲中，他解释了科技发展的一些积极方面。“方面”是aspect，空前有some，空格处用复数，故填aspects。 4．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）______________ ( 幸运地 ) , everything worked out all right in the end. 【答案】Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，最后一切都很好。该空修饰整个句子，应该用副词。表示“幸运地”，应该用fortunately。故填Fortunately。 5．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）One of the most ________ (有效的) ways to reduce carbon emission is encouraging more people to use public transport. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：减少碳排放最有效的方法之一是鼓励更多人使用公共交通。根据汉语提示“有效的”，以及上文One of the most和下文ways可知，此处应填形容词effective，作定语，修饰名词ways，且effective是多音节词，其最高级形式为the most effective。故填effective。 6．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Don’t stay up too late. I’m really c________ about your health. 【答案】concerned/oncerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不要熬夜太晚。我真的很担心你的健康。根据首字母提示和句意可知，此处填形容词concerned“担心的”，be concerned about为固定短语，意为“担心”。故填concerned。 7．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）It suddenly o ________ to me that I forgot to buy a present for his birthday. 【答案】occurred/ccurred 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意：我突然想起我忘记给他买生日礼物了。由首字母提示o可知，空格处是occur，由forgot可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式occurred，It suddenly occurred to sb. that...是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。故填occurred。 8．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）Regular exercise is beneficial to our health both physically and m________. 【答案】mentally/entally 【详解】考查副词。句意：经常锻炼对我们的身体和精神健康都有好处。空处应填副词mentally，与physically并列，作状语，修饰形容词beneficial。故填mentally。 9．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）If weather p________, we’ll go for a picnic at the beach. 【答案】permits/ermits 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果天气允许，我们将去海滩野餐。由“we’ll go for a picnic at the beach”可知，句子表示“如果天气允许，我们将去海滩野餐”，空格处意为“允许”，由首字母提示p可知，空处应填动词permit，if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，主语weather是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填permits。 10．（24-25高一下·天津·期末）You’ll have to go now, o________ you’ll miss the first bus. 【答案】otherwise/therwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：你现在得走了，否则你会错过第一班公共汽车。由“you’ll miss the first bus”可知，句子表示“你现在得走了，否则你会错过第一班公共汽车”，空格处意为“否则”，结合首字母提示o可知，应用副词otherwise。故填otherwise。 11．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）They took her resignation as c________ (证实) of their suspicions. 【答案】confirmation/onfirmation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们将她的辞职视为对他们所怀疑之事的证实。根据汉语提示和首字母c以及空格前的介词as可知，空格处应该用名词confirmation作宾语。故填confirmation。 12．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）People were desperately seeking s________ (庇护) from the gunfire. 【答案】shelter/helter 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们拼命地找地方躲避炮火。根据汉语提示和首字母s以及空格前的seeking可知，空格处应该用名词shelter作宾语。故填shelter。 13．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Rewards can be f________ (灵活的) working hours. 【答案】flexible/lexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：奖励可以是灵活的工作时间。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“灵活的”应用flexible，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填flexible。 14．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）The i________ (强度) of the work left little room for personal grief or anxiety. 【答案】intensity/ntensity 【详解】考查名词。句意：工作的强度几乎没有给个人的悲伤或焦虑留下空间。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“强度”应用intensity，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语，符合句意。故填intensity。 15．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Another flight would be arranged on Saturday if s________ (足够的) demand arose. 【答案】sufficient/ufficient 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果出现足够的需求，周六将安排另一趟航班。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“足够的”应用sufficient，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填sufficient。 16．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Symptoms included f________ (频繁的) dryness in the mouth. 【答案】frequent/requent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：症状包括频繁的口干。根据汉语提示“频繁的”以及首字母“f”，此处应填形容词frequent作定语。故填frequent。 17．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Speed is the e________ (必不可少的、基本的) ingredient of all athletics. 【答案】essential/ssential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：速度是所有田径运动的基本要素。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用形容词essential“必不可少的，基本的”，作定语，修饰名词ingredient。故填essential。 18．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Price is determined through the i________ (相互作用) of demand and supply. 【答案】interaction/nteraction 【详解】考查名词。句意：价格是由需求与供给之间的相互作用所决定的。根据汉语提示和首字母i以及空格前的介词through可知，空格处应该用名词interaction作宾语。故填interaction。 19．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Humour is a more e________ (有效的) defense than violence. 【答案】effective/ffective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：幽默是比暴力更有效的防御手段。根据汉语提示“有效的”及首字母“e”，这里应填形容词effective，在句中作定语修饰defense，表示“有效的防御手段”。故填effective。 20．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）To be f___________, you don't have much chance of getting the job offer. 【答案】frank/rank 【详解】考查形容词。句意：坦率地说，你得到这份工作的机会不大。to be frank坦率地说。根据首字母提示及句意，故填frank。 21．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Yuanlongping will always be remembered for his c ________ to rice farming. 【答案】contribution/ontribution/contributions/ontributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：袁隆平对水稻种植的贡献将永远被人们铭记。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词contribution，作宾语，可用单数可用复数。故填contribution/contributions。 22．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）“Sorry, sir, we do not p________ smoking on the High Speed Rail.” said the conductor. 【答案】permit 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：“对不起，先生，我们不允许在高铁上吸烟。”列车长说。根据单词首字母及句意“允许”及空前的助动词do not可知应填动词原形permit，一起构成一般现在时。故填permit。 23．（24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）Subjects were picked to inspire or e________ (让人快乐). 【答案】entertain/ntertain 【详解】考查动词。句意：挑选主题是为了激励他人或让人快乐。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“让人快乐”应用entertain，为动词，且这里应用原形与前面to构成不定式。故填entertain。 24．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was considered China’s worst natural d________in three decades. 【答案】disaster/isaster 【详解】考查名词。句意：2008年的汶川地震被认为是中国三十年来最严重的自然灾害。根据单词首字母及句意“灾难”及空前的The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was considered China’s worst natural可知应填名词单数形式disaster，作主语补足语。故填disaster。 25．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）To my r________ , I caught my flight in the last minute. 【答案】relief/elief 【详解】考查名词。句意：让我松了一口气的是，我在最后一刻赶上了飞机。to one’s relief令某人欣慰的是。根据首字母提示及句意，故填relief。 类型二: 单句语法填空 1．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）This is an extremely (scene) part of the countryside. 【答案】scenic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是乡村中风景极为优美的一部分。此处应填形容词来修饰名词part，scene的形容词为scenic表示“风景优美的”，作定语。故填scenic。 2．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I have to say it will surely be (benefit) for you if you develop a good learning habit. 【答案】beneficial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不得不说，如果你养成了一个好的学习习惯，这对你肯定是有益的。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，故填beneficial。 3．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）How can I ever repay you for your (generous)? 【答案】generosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：我怎样才能报答你的慷慨呢？设空处为宾语，应用名词generosity，为不可数名词。故填generosity。 4．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The whole argument rests on a false (assume). 【答案】assumption 【详解】考查名词。句意：整个论证建立在一个错误的假设之上。设空前有a修饰，应用名词单数，作宾语，故填assumption。 5．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Whales (origin) in the freshwater lakes and rivers of ancient Asia about sixty million years ago. 【答案】originated 【详解】考查动词。句意：大约六千万年前，鲸鱼起源于古代亚洲的淡水湖和河流。设空处为谓语，应用动词originate，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填originated。 6．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Provided they are well designed, they can adjust (flexible) to the need for assistance. 【答案】flexibly 【详解】考查副词。句意：只要设计得当，就可以根据援助的需要进行灵活调整。提示词修饰动词adjust，用副词flexibly作状语，意为“灵活地”。故填flexibly。 7．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The answer to the problem must be (seek) elsewhere. 【答案】sought 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个问题的答案必须到别处去寻找。主语The answer to the problem 与seek之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。be动词后接动词的过去分词形式。故填sought。 8．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Festivals are becoming more and more (commerce) with businesses taking advantage of the celebration. 【答案】commercial/commercialized 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着商家利用节日进行营销，节日变得越来越商业化。此处为形容词作表语，commerce的形容词形式为commercial意为“商业的”或commercialized意为“商业化的”，表示节日逐渐具有商业性质或被商业化，均符合句意。故填commercial/commercialized。 9．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这台长度仅为三毫米的设备能够探测电子信号。此处为非谓语动词作定语，句中已有谓语动词can detect，故空格处应用非谓语动词形式，The equipment和measure之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填measuring。 10．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The community was deeply touched by her (generous) in sharing food and supplies during the flood. 【答案】generosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：在洪水期间，她慷慨地分享食物和物资，这让社区深受感动。本空作介词by的宾语，用名词generosity“慷慨”。故填generosity。 11．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The wildfire that (occur) in Canada last week has had a far-reaching impact on the ecological environment. 【答案】occurred 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上周在加拿大发生的野火对生态环境产生了深远的影响。空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，根据“last week”可知，从句在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，occur“发生”应用过去式的形式。故填occurred。 12．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The accident serves as a warning to all wilderness lovers about the potential dangers that can lead to (bite) by poisonous insects in the wild. 【答案】being bitten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这起事故给所有野外爱好者敲响了警钟，提醒他们野外可能存在被毒虫叮咬的危险。that引导的定语从句的谓语为can lead to，此处为非谓语动词，lead to中的to为介词，且bite“叮，咬”和其逻辑主语all wilderness lovers之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式being bitten，作宾语。故填being bitten。 13.（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Constructed with advanced technology, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, (represent) China’s outstanding infrastructure achievements, has become a world-renowned engineering marvel. 【答案】representing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：采用先进技术建造的港珠澳大桥，作为中国卓越基建成就的代表，已成为享誉全球的工程奇迹。句子谓语是has become，空处是非谓语，作the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge的后置定语，represent“代表”和the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge逻辑上是主动关系，因此用represent的现在分词形式。故填representing。 类型三: 选词填空 （24-25高一下·天津和平·期末）根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个单词多余。 enthusiasm   upset     expect    elect      conclude    appreciate   delight    endurance    fame     interact 1．Mount Huang enjoys worldwide for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists. 2．The more   the robot are with humans, the better it can learn. 3．We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that mullions of years ago. 4．This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and . 5．Seeing that everybody was about the trip, the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day to ensure everyone had enough time to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 6．After three rounds of voting, Jack was finally president of the school's students' union. 7．The result is totally beyond his That is to say, he has never thought he could get the award. 8．He was very of his colleagues’ help and support during his illness. 9．Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without the boy or his parents. 10．To our joy, the picture drawn by my brother made all the judges so he won first prize. 【答案】1．fame 2．interactive 3．occurred 4．endurance 5．enthusiastic 6．elected 7．expectations 8．appreciative 9．upsetting 10．delighted 【解析】1．考查名词。句意：黄山以其美丽的景色而闻名于世，吸引了大量游客。根据“for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists”以及句意“闻名”可知应填名词fame，故填fame。 2．考查形容词。句意：机器人与人类的互动性越强，它就越能更好地学习。根据“the robot are with humans”以及句意“互动性”可知应填形容词interactive，作表语。故填interactive。 3．考查动词。句意：我们是进化的产物，而且并非仅仅是数百万年前发生的那种进化。根据“not just evolution that”以及句意“发生”可知应填动词occur，根据后文mullions of years ago可知为一般过去时。故填occurred。 4．考查名词。句意：这项锻炼对您的健康有益，还能增强力量和耐力。根据“This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and”以及句意“耐力”可知应填名词endurance，作宾语，不可数。故填endurance。 5．考查形容词。句意：看到大家都对这次旅行充满热情，导游决定将行程延长一天，以确保每个人都有足够的时间来欣赏美丽的风景。根据“the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day”以及句意“充满热情”可知形容词enthusiastic，作表语，故填enthusiastic。 6．考查动词。句意：经过三轮投票，杰克最终当选为学校学生会的主席。根据“president of the school's students' union”以及句意“当选”可知应填elect，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填elected。 7．考查名词。句意：结果完全超出了他的预期。也就是说，他从未想过自己能获得这个奖项。根据“he has never thought he could get the award”以及句意“预期”可知应填复数名词expectations，作宾语，表示数量大于一，故填expectations。 8．考查形容词。句意：在患病期间，他非常感激同事们给予的帮助和支持。根据“of his colleagues' help and support during his illness”以及句意“感激”可知应填形容词appreciative，作表语。故填appreciative。 9．考查动词。句意：多亏了“静音机器”（这是一款英国发明的产品），你就能消除噪音，同时又不会打扰到那个男孩以及他的父母。根据“the boy or his parents”以及句意“打扰”可知应填动词upset，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填upsetting。 10．考查形容词。句意：令我们高兴的是，我哥哥画的那幅画让所有评委都大为赞赏，因此他获得了第一名。根据“To our joy”以及句意“高兴，赞赏”可知应填形容词delighted，作宾补。故填delighted。 类型四: 完成句子 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）店长昨天宣布，前100名顾客可享受5折特别优惠。 Yesterday the store manager ________ a special 50% ________ for the first 100 customers. 【答案】 announced discount 【详解】考查动词及名词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“宣布……优惠”。  第一空对应“宣布”，英文用announce，结合时间状语“yesterday”可知句子时态为一般过去时，空格处谓语动词用过去式。 第二空对应“优惠”，英文用discount“折扣”，50% discount为固定表达，意为“五折”。故填①announced ②discount。 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）这幅画反映了那个时代的典型风格。 This painting ________ the ________ style of that era 【答案】 reflects typical 【详解】考查动词和形容词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空表示“反映”，应用动词reflect，作谓语，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语this painting是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式；第二空表示“典型的”，应用形容词typical，作定语修饰style。故填reflects；typical。 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）家人的爱和支持帮助他度过了漫长的康复期。 The love and support of his family ________ him ________ his long recovery. 【答案】 carried/helped through 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“帮助某人度过……”为固定短语carry/help sb. through，结合语境，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，carry的过去式为carried，help的过去式为helped。故填①carried/helped②through。 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）公司对多样性的鼓励导致了一个更加包容的工作场所环境。 The company’s encouragement of ________ has ________ in a more inclusive workplace environment. 【答案】 diversity resulted 【详解】考查名词和固定短语。第一空“多样性”用名词diversity，作介词of的宾语，所以第一空为diversity；第二空表示“导致”用固定短语result in，结合has可知，此处用过去分词resulted。故填①diversity②resulted。 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）你应该向你的朋友道歉，以防你的错误给他们带来麻烦。 You should ________ to your friends in ________ your mistake caused them trouble. 【答案】 apologize case 【详解】考查动词短语和目的状语从句。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“向某人道歉”的固定表达为 “apologize to sb.”，情态动词后should用动词原形，故第一空填动词原形“apologize”。“以防；万一”的常用短语为“in case”，后引导目的状语从句，符合“以防错误给朋友带来麻烦”的语境，故第二空填“case”。故分别填apologize；case。 6．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）警官要求我出示护照来确认我的身份。 The officer asked me to __________ my __________ with my passport. 【答案】 confirm identity 【详解】考查动词和名词。对比中英文可知，第一空表示“确认”，可用动词confirm，且此处用ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，confirm应用原形，构成不定式，作宾语补足语；第二空表示“身份”，可用名词identity，作宾语。故填①confirm；②identity。 7．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）她的表演非常引人注目，她赢得了很多追随者。 Her _________ was so _________ that she won a lot of followers. 【答案】 performance striking 【详解】考查名词和形容词。根据中英文提示，空一为performance“表演”，作主语，由was可知，用单数，空②“引人注目的”，此处为形容词作表语，striking 意为“引人注目的”。故填①performance；②striking。 8．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）最近出版了一系列关于野生动物的漫画书。 A series of _________ books on wildlife have been _________ recently. 【答案】 comic published 【详解】考查名词以及动词。根据汉语提示可知，第一个空处需要名词comic“漫画”，构成comic book“漫画书”。第二个空需要动词publish“出版”。该动词需要过去分词和前面的have been构成现在完成时态的被动语态，表示“漫画书已经被出版”。故填①comic②published。 9．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）他借了一笔贷款，打算能买一栋大房子。 He took out a _________ with the _________ of buying a big house. 【答案】 loan intention 【详解】考查名词。表示“贷款”用名词loan，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式，作took out的宾语。表示“打算”用名词intention，此处为特指买一栋大房子的打算，用单数形式，作with的宾语。故填：①loan；②intention。 10．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）乐队从我们的视野消失了，音乐和嘈杂声也逐渐消散了。 As the band moved out of our view, the music and noise _________ _________. 【答案】 faded away 【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意“逐渐消散”可知短语为fade away，根据上文moved可知为一般过去时。故填faded away。 一．单词拼写 1．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Though I haven’t met him for many years,I could recognize him immediately when I saw him in the ______(人群). 【答案】crowd 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我多年没见他了，当我在人群中看到他的时候，我立即就认出了他。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，根据汉语提示，表示“人群”含义的表达为：crowd，故填crowd。 2．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Going away to college will make you much more ________ (独立的). 【答案】independent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：去上大学会让你更加独立。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作宾语补足语，需用形容词。根据汉语提示“独立的”及“make + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾语补足语）”的结构，可知空白处应填形容词independent。故填 independent。 3．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Chest pains can be a warning________ (信号)of heart problems. 【答案】signal 【详解】考查名词。句意：胸痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。根据汉语提示可知，signal信号，可数名词，符合题意；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填signal。 4．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）Our plans need to be________ (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划必须足够灵活，以满足每个人的需要。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词flexible，作表语。故填flexible。 5．（23-24高一下·天津·期末）His name appeared ________   (频繁地) in the local newspaper. 【答案】frequently 【详解】考查副词。句意：他的名字经常出现在当地报纸上。根据单词汉语提示“频繁地”及空前的动词appeared可知应填副词形式frequently，作状语，修饰动词appeared。故填frequently。 6．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）After realizing the mistake, he immediately ______ (道歉) to his friend. 【答案】apologized 【详解】考查动词。句意：意识到错误后，他立即向他的朋友道歉。道歉为apologized，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填apologized。 7．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The theatre under ______ (建设) now will be completed in about three years. 【答案】construction 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在正在建设的剧院将在大约三年后完工。根据汉语提示可知应用名词construction，短语under construction表示“正在建设”，故填construction。 8．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）These disasters made people ______ (沮丧的), but the desire to explore the universe never died. 【答案】disappointed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让人们感到沮丧，但探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词disappointed“沮丧的”，作宾语补足语，表示人的感受。故填disappointed。 9．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）With over 3000 lives________(夺去生命), the earthquake caused massive destruction. 【答案】claimed 【详解】考查动词的过去分词形式。句意：地震造成了巨大的破坏，有3000多人丧生。这里是“with+宾语+宾补”结构。结合汉语提示，这里应用及物动词claim“夺走，夺去（生命）”，且和逻辑主语over 3000 lives之间是动宾关系，所以这里应用过去分词。故填claimed。 10．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）The immigrants spent all the time________(寻找，寻求) their fortune in the gold rush. 【答案】seeking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：移民们一直在淘金热中寻找财富。“寻找，寻求”为动词seek，spend+时间+(in) doing sth.固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，seek用动名词形式作宾语。故填seeking。 11．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Don’t judge people by their appearance; sometimes even the most beautiful ponds are quite ______(浅的). 【答案】shallow 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不要以貌取人；有时，即使是最美丽的池塘也很浅。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词shallow，作表语。故填shallow。 12．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）These ________(设备，设施) are of vital importance in space exploration. 【答案】facilities 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些设施在太空探索中至关重要。“设备，设施”是facility，由These可知，空格处用复数。故填facilities。 13．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）You’re not allowed to film without______(许可)。 【答案】permission 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经许可，你不允许拍摄。without是介词，后接名词作宾语，permission表示“许可”，表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填permission。 14．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）We’re committed to the project. We wouldn’t be here______(否则)。 【答案】otherwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们致力于这个项目。否则我们就不会在这里了。表达“否则，要不然” 用“otherwise”在句中作状语。故填otherwise。 15．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）A wise farmer never ______ (延期) gathering his crops when the sun is shining. 【答案】postpones 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一个明智的农民当太阳普照时从不延期收获他的庄稼。根据句意可知，这里表示一个普遍真理或客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语A wise farmer为第三人称单数，谓语动词postpone“延期”需用第三人称单数形式。故填postpones。 16．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I said ________ (祝贺) and walked over to him and shook his hand. 【答案】congratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：我说了声祝贺，走过去和他握了握手。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据提示汉语，表示“祝贺”应为congratulation，通常用名词复数形式。故填congratulations。 17．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）I don’t think we have met before though I have to say I am indeed __________(熟悉) with both your face and voice. 【答案】familiar 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想我们以前没有见过面，但我不得不说我确实熟悉你的脸和声音。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，故填familiar。 18．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）Their __________(抱怨) have finally stirred him into action. 【答案】complaints 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的抱怨终于促使他采取了行动。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词complaint，可数名词，根据their，应用名词复数形式，作主语，故填complaints。 19．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）On the front gate of each household is __________ (布满，点缀) with red Chinese knots and lanterns. 【答案】dotted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：家家户户的大门上都挂着红色的中国结和灯笼。“布满，点缀”是dot，大门被点缀，句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词，be dotted with是固定短语，意为“点缀着……”。故填dotted。 20．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）There are hundreds of ___________(有毒的) spiders and snakes. 【答案】poisonous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：世界上有数百种有毒的蜘蛛和蛇。修饰名词短语spiders and snakes，用形容词，所以填poisonous。 21．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）It enhances people’s ability to work __________ (独立). 【答案】independently 【详解】考查副词。句意：它提高了人们独立工作的能力。空格处用副词修饰动词work，“独立”的副词是independently，故填independently。 22．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）She was a woman of unique talent and __________(决心). 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是一个有独特才能和决心的女人。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词determination，作宾语，表示抽象含义，不可数。故填determination。 23．（24-25高一下·陕西西安·期末）He shouldn’t be taping without the singer’s __________ (许可). 【答案】permission 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经歌手允许，他不应该录音。根据汉语提示和句意可知是名词permission，作宾语，故填permission。 24．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）For all the feelings readers a________ (附上) to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. 【答案】attach/ttach 【详解】考查动词。句意：尽管读者对故事有种种情感，但文学是一场数字游戏，时间的考验极难通过。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词attach“附上，使依附”，此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语readers为复数，谓语动词用原形，attach...to...为固定搭配，意为“把……附在……上”。故填attach。 25．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Heart disease is the biggest killer, c________ (夺取) 180,000 lives a year. 【答案】claiming/laiming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：心脏病是最大的杀手，每年夺走18万人的生命。根据单词首字母和句意“夺取”及句子结构可知，此处应用动词claim，claim和主语Heart disease之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填claiming。 26．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）His family could not afford an o______ (手术), and the boy lived in shame. 【答案】operation/peration 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的家庭负担不起手术费用，男孩生活在耻辱中。结合首字母提示可知，“手术”应用名词operation，作afford的宾语，且空前有不定冠词an，operation应用单数形式。故填operation。 27．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Many of the plants you have r______ (有规律地) in food and drink have medical elements. 【答案】regularly/egularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：你日常饮食中所包含的许多植物成分都具有一定的药用价值。根据单词首字母以及含义“有规律地”，可知应填副词regularly。故填regularly。 28．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with d______ (失望的) looks on their faces. 【答案】disappointed/isappointed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：求职者一个接一个地离开了面试官的办公室，脸上带着失望的表情。结合首字母提示可知，“失望的”应用形容词disappointed，作修饰looks的定语，反映求职者的内心情绪，表示“失望的表情”。故填disappointed。 29．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）A______ (入场费) to lectures is free. 【答案】Admission/dmission 【详解】考查名词。句意：讲座免费入场。结合首字母提示可知，“入场费”应用名词admission，作主语，为不可数名词。故填Admission。 30．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）She s____ (寻求) advice from her professor before she started the research. 【答案】sought/ought 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：在开始这项研究之前，她向她的教授寻求了建议。从句（before she started the research）用的是过去时，主句（She s_______advice from her professor）也要用过去时。寻求的英语是seek，过去式是sought。故填sought。 31．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of these natural r______ (资源). 【答案】resources/esources 【详解】考查名词。句意：狩猎者愿意支付印花税，以确保自然资源能维持下去。结合首字母提示可知，“资源”应用名词resource，作of的宾语，且these后可数名词resource应用复数形式。故填resources。 32．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The number of people experiencing depression shows a s______ (急剧的) increase in the first year of high school. 【答案】sharp/harp 【详解】考查形容词。句意：患抑郁症的人数在高中一年级时急剧增加。结合首字母提示可知，“急剧的”应用形容词sharp，作修饰increase的定语，表示“急剧增加”。故填sharp。 33．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The chief complaint about online courses is that they l________ (缺少) human interaction. 【答案】lack/ack 【详解】考查动词。句意：对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺少人际互动。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词lack“缺少”，在从句中作谓语。结合主句时态和语境，此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语they为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填lack。 34．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The craziness for Black Friday ____________ (折扣) often leads to overspending. 【答案】discount/discounts 【详解】考查名词。句意：对黑色星期五折扣的狂热往往会导致过度消费。此处为名词作介词for的宾语，根据汉语提示可知，表示“折扣”应用名词discount，既可以作可数名词也可以作不可数名词，结合语境可知，此处可表示统指“折扣”，用单数形式，也可泛指多种折扣，用复数形式discounts。故填discount/discounts。 35．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）We can get the most ____________ (更新的) information from large databases. 【答案】updated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。“更新的”应用形容词updated，和the most构成最高级，作修饰information的定语。故填updated。 36．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Chongqing, well-known as the Mountain City, ____________ (环绕) by towering peaks and winding rivers. 【答案】is surrounded 【详解】考查动词。句意：重庆是著名的山城，周围是高耸的山峰和蜿蜒的河流。“环绕”应用动词surround，空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，结合“by towering peaks and winding rivers”可知，surround和主语Chongqing之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单个专有名词，be动词应用is。故填is surrounded。 27．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Receiving the news that her dad recovered from the operation, she sensed a wave of ____________ (如释重负). 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意：得知她爸爸从手术中恢复过来的消息，她感到一阵如释重负。根据汉语提示“如释重负”可知，本空用名词relief，作介词of的宾语。故填relief。 28．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）During the Renaissance artists began to break away from traditional ________ (宗教的) themes and explore more secular subjects.   【答案】religious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在文艺复兴时期，艺术家们开始摆脱传统的宗教主题，探索更多世俗的题材。“宗教的”修饰名词themes，用形容词religious作定语，符合语境。故填religious。 29．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）Women are still a ____________ (少数) in some senior management positions of large companies. 【答案】minority 【详解】考查名词。句意：在一些大公司的高级管理职位中，女性仍然占少数。此处为名词作表语，根据汉语提示及空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用可数名词单数形式minority表示“少数”，be a minority意为“占少数”，符合句意。故填minority。 30．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）In 2022, following tradition, Prince Williams ____________ (任命) as the Duke (公爵) of Cornwall by his father, King Charles, a title with significant historical and ceremonial importance. 【答案】was appointed 【详解】考查动词。句意：2022年，按照传统，威廉王子被他的父亲查尔斯国王任命为康沃尔公爵，这一头衔具有重大的历史和仪式意义。空处作谓语，“任命”应用动词appoint，根据“In 2022”可知，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，结合“by his father”可知，appoint和主语Prince Williams之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was appointed。 二、单句语法填空 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The government has established several natural reserves to safeguard the (endanger) wild animals from poachers and habitat loss. 【答案】endangered 【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府已经建立了多个自然保护区，以保护濒危野生动物免受偷猎者和栖息地丧失的威胁。此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词短语wild animals，endanger的形容词形式为endangered意为“濒危的”，符合句意。故填endangered。 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）It’s (assume) that with AI developing at such a high speed, we may see a future where intelligent robots assist humans in every aspect of life. 【答案】assumed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：人们认为，随着人工智能的高速发展，未来我们可能会看到智能机器人在生活的方方面面帮助人类。空处作谓语，It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句，assume“认为”和主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填assumed。 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末） (admit) to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement. 【答案】Being admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被顶尖大学录取让他获得了极大的成就感。空格处需填主语，而“____ to the top university”是整个句子的主语部分。动词admit不能直接作主语，需转化为动名词形式，“被顶尖大学录取”应使用被动语态，即be admitted，用动名词被动形式being admitted作主语，首字母大写。故填Being admitted。 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The map unfolded, the detective located the right place the killer might hide. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：地图展开后，侦探找到了凶手可能藏身的准确位置。空处引导定语从句，修饰place，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句，故填where。 三．选词填空 （1） （24-25高一下·天津和平·期末）根据句子意义选择适合该句的词块，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个词块多余。 probe into    at one’s own pace    give way throw light on    look through    think on his feet 1．In the past, people newspapers to get the latest news. However, they rely on the mobile phones for news now. 2．His speech in the class the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. 3．Some people think online students are able to study and often finish faster than traditional students. 4．Instead, as linguists deeper the world’s languages (7,000 or so, only a small number of them analyzed), innumerable unpredictable differences appeared. 5．The wall suddenly due to the continuous rainfall, which fortunately caused no injury to the residents. 【答案】1．looked through 2．threw light on 3．at their own pace 4．probed into 5．gave way 【解析】1．考查动词短语及时态。句意：在过去，人们通过翻阅报纸来获取最新消息。然而，他们现在依靠手机获取新闻。根据“to get the latest news”以及“newspapers”可知，此处指“翻阅报纸”，应用动词短语look through，意为“浏览；翻阅”；根据“In the past”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填looked through。 2．考查动词短语及时态。句意：他在课堂上的演讲阐明了中西文化的差异。根据“the differences between Chinese and Western cultures”可知，此处指“阐明中西文化的差异”，应用动词短语throw light on，意为“阐明；揭示”；句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填threw light on。 3．考查介词短语。句意：有些人认为，在线学生能够按照自己的节奏学习，而且往往比传统学生完成得更快。根据“and often finish faster than traditional students”可知，此处指“按照自己的节奏学习”，应用介词短语at one’s own pace，意为“按照自己的节奏”；主语为online students，其形容词性物主代词为their。故填at their own pace。 4．考查动词短语及时态。句意：相反，当语言学家深入探究世界语言（大约7000种，其中只有少数被分析过）时，出现了无数不可预测的差异。根据“innumerable unpredictable differences appeared”可知，此处指“深入探究世界语言”，应用动词短语probe into，意为“探究；探索”；根据“appeared”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填①probed；②into。 5．考查动词短语及时态。句意：由于持续降雨，墙壁突然倒塌，幸运的是没有对居民造成伤害。根据“due to the continuous rainfall”以及“which fortunately caused no injury to the residents”可知，此处指“墙壁突然倒塌”，应用动词短语give way，意为“倒塌；坍塌”；结合“caused”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填gave way。 （2） （24-25高一下·天津南开·期末）用所给短语的适当形式填空，选项中有两项为多余选项 have yet to    account for    throw new light on refer to…… as    reach out to    fly off like no other    but then again    beyond recognition attach... to    rise to one’s feet    in terms of Last Sunday, my grandma and I stepped into her favorite old cafe. It had been renovated(翻新), almost 1 , but thankfully, the familiar warmth still lingered(萦绕). Decades ago, this place was where Grandpa first 2 Grandma — shyly handing her a rose across the table. Seeing it, Grandma’ s eyes lit up, and she 3 to accept it. Maybe that was love at the first sight. Their love story, simple yet touching, 4 what“ true connection” means. As we sat,a waiter’s tray 5 accidentally, but he caught it just in time.Grandma laughed, recalling how Grandpa once 6 a love note   7 her favorite book. “ He always 8 that book   9 our’ secret diary’, ” she said,smiling. 10 modern renovations, the cafe now has a glass roof — but some corners 11 be updated. Time has changed many things, but the cafe’s soul remains. It deserves its reputation as a witness to love. We left with hearts full,knowing that memories of this place would never fade, for they give us experiences 12 . 【答案】1．beyond recognition 2．reached out to 3．rose to her feet 4．threw new light on/throws new light on 5．flew off 6．attached 7．to 8．referred to 9．as 10．In terms of 11．have yet to 12．like no other 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文通过咖啡馆翻新，回忆了奶奶与爷爷的爱情故事。 1．考查固定短语。句意：它已经翻新过了，几乎认不出来了，但谢天谢地，那熟悉的温暖仍然萦绕着。根据前文“had been renovated(翻新)”可知，咖啡馆变化很大，beyond recognition意为“面目全非；认不出来”，符合语境。故填beyond recognition。 2．考查固定短语及时态。句意：几十年前，爷爷就是在这个地方第一次向奶奶示好——隔着桌子害羞地递给她一朵玫瑰。根据“shyly handing her a rose across the table”可知，此处表示爷爷向奶奶示好，reach out to sb.意为“向某人伸出援手；向某人示好”，由Decades ago可知，应用一般过去时，reach的过去式为reached。故填reached out to。 3．考查固定短语及时态。句意：看到玫瑰，奶奶的眼睛亮了起来，她站起身来接受了它。根据语境可知，奶奶站起身来接玫瑰，rise to one’s feet意为“站起身来”，根据前文的“lit up”可知，应用一般过去时，rise的过去式为rose。物主代词逻辑一致，故填rose to her feet。 4．考查固定短语及时态。句意：他们的爱情故事，简单却动人，阐明了“真正的情感连接”意味着什么。根据句意，用throw new light on“阐明；使人们对……有新的认识”，主语Their love story为单数，描述过去发生的事可用一般过去时，也可从客观事实角度看用一般现在时，throw的过去式为threw，一般现在时第三人称单数形式为throws。故填threw new light on/ throws new light on。 5．考查固定短语及时态。句意：我们坐下时，一个服务员的托盘不小心滑落了，但他及时接住了。根据“accidentally”及“but he caught it just in time”可知，托盘滑落了，使用fly off“突然飞离；滑落”，由caught可知，应用一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew。故填flew off。 6．考查固定短语及时态。句意：奶奶笑了，回忆起爷爷曾经在她最喜欢的书上附上一张情书。attach... to...意为“把……附在……上”，由once（曾经）可知，应用一般过去时，attach的过去式为attached。故填attached。 7．考查固定短语。句意：同上。结合上题解析，attach... to...为固定短语，此处填to。故填to。 8．考查固定短语及时态。句意：“他总是把那本书称为我们的‘秘密日记’，” 她微笑着说。refer to... as...意为“把……称作……”，由always及said可知，应用一般过去时，refer的过去式为referred。故填referred to。 9．考查固定短语。结合上题解析，refer to... as...为固定短语，此处填as。故填as。 10．考查固定短语。句意：从现代翻新的角度来看，这家咖啡馆现在有了玻璃屋顶，但有些角落还没有更新。in terms of意为“从……角度来看；就……而言”，符合语境，位于句首，首字母大写。故填In terms of。 11．考查固定短语及时态。句意：同上。结合上题解析，此处表示有些角落还没更新，have yet to do sth.意为“还没有做某事”，句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语some corners为复数，用have。故填have yet to。 12．考查固定短语。句意：我们满怀深情地离开了，知道这个地方的记忆永远不会褪色，因为它们给我们独一无二的经历。like no other意为“独一无二”，符合语境。故填like no other。 四、翻译 1．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）除夕夜是一个所有家庭成员聚在一起的场合。(occasion，定语从句)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】New Year’s Eve is an occasion where all family members get together. 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“除夕夜”用New Year’s Eve，作主语。表示“是”用be动词，主语为第三人称单数，且句子陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。表示“一个……的场合”用an occasion，作表语。表示“所有家庭成员聚在一起”用all family members get together，用定语从句修饰先行词occasion，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故翻译为New Year’s Eve is an occasion where all family members get together. 2．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）他一直记得和父母在这个小镇里度过的快乐时光，这帮助他度过了很多人生中的困难。(carry sb through，非限制性定语从句)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He always remembers the happy times that he spent with his parents in the small town, which carried him through many difficulties in life. 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和非限制性定语从句。主句主语“他”he，“一直记得”译为always remember，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式remembers，“和父母在这个小镇里度过的快乐时光”作宾语，“快乐时光”译为the happy times，“和父母在这个小镇里度过的”用定语从句修饰先行词times，先行词指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that引导，结合语境，从句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，故从句译为that he spent with his parents in the small town，“这帮助他度过了很多人生中的困难”用非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which引导，指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，“帮助他度过”用动词短语carry him through，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“很多人生中的困难”译为many difficulties in life。故翻译为He always remembers the happy times that he spent with his parents in the small town, which carried him through many difficulties in life.。 3．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）我内在的愤怒像日益长大的怪兽，逼得我快发疯了。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The anger inside me is like a growing monster, driving me crazy. 【详解】考查时态和非谓语。陈述现在的情况，为一般现在时；“内在的愤怒”表达为the anger inside me；“像”是介词like；“日益长大的怪兽”即a growing monster；“逼得某人发疯”表达为drive sb. crazy ，此处用现在分词短语 driving me crazy作伴随状语，故译为The anger inside me is like a growing monster, driving me crazy.。 4．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）失望的刺痛穿透了她，她垂下头，靠在墙上休息。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The sting of disappointment pierced through her, and she hung her head, leaning against the wall to rest. 【详解】考查时态，非谓语动词和短语。根据句意，用一般过去时，“失望的刺痛”译为the sting of disappointment，作主语，“穿透了她”译为pierced through her，“垂下头”译为hang her head，是固定搭配，“靠着墙休息”作伴随状语，用现在分词形式，译为leaning against the wall to rest，故译为The sting of disappointment pierced through her, and she hung her head, leaning against the wall to rest. 5．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）决心要弄明白做实验具体的步骤，他在网上搜索了大量的信息。(determine，过去分词做状语)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Determined to figure out the specific steps of the experiment, he searched online for a large amount of information. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定短语和时态。句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，“他在网上搜索了大量的信息”翻译为he searched online for a large amount of information，其中“在网上搜索”是searched online for，谓语动词search用过去式searched，“大量的信息”是a large amount of information作宾语；“决心要弄明白做实验具体的步骤”处理为非谓语形式作状语，“决心要……”是固定短语be determined to do sth.，这里用过去分词determined作状语，表状态，“弄明白”是动词短语figure out，“做实验具体的步骤”是名词短语the specific steps of the experiment作宾语。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为Determined to figure out the specific steps of the experiment, he searched online for a large amount of information. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $