专题01 必修第二册Unit4～Unit6（期末复习讲义）高一英语下学期外研版

专题01 必修第二册Unit4~Unit6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握必修第二册Unit4~Unit6 中23个重点词句的用法 复习难点： 掌握必修第二册Unit4~Unit6 中3个重点语法知识 1.现在分词作状语 2.动词-ing形式作定语 3.现在分词和过去分词作补足语 考情规律 语境运用：侧重在具体语境中的选择，以及短语的搭配（完形填空、语法填空题中）。 知识点1 .get across (to...)(向……)解释清楚;(向……)传达;被(……)理解 当get across的宾语为名词时,宾语可放在get和across之间,也可放在across后边;但当get across的宾语为代词时,宾语一般只可放在get和across之间。 例（1）We need to get the message he message to people that garbage sorting is important for environmental protection.我们需要让人们明白垃圾分类对环保来说很重要。 （2）How can I to you how important this is?我怎样才能让你理解这件事的重要性呢? ①get through打通(电话);顺利通过(考试等);(设法)处理,完成;用完,耗尽 I tried to call her but I couldn’t get through.我试图给她打电话,但是打不通。 ②get over克服,解决;从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态 例She could not her nervousness,so she kept standing behind her mother.她无法克服她的紧张,所以一直站在妈妈的身后。 ③get down写下,记下 ④get down to (doing) sth.开始(做)某事;开始认真对待某事 例It’s time I thinking about that essay.我该开始认真思考一下那篇文章了。 ⑤get on with/get along with与……和睦相处;进展 ⑥get off离开,出发,动身 ⑦get into养成某种习惯;陷入某种情况 知识点2 combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合,(使)混合;兼备;兼做 ①combine with ...与……结合 ②combine A with/and B把A与B结合起来;兼备A和B;兼做A和B ③combine to do sth.联合/结合起来做某事;组合在一起做某事 ①combination n.结合,联合,混合;结合体,联合体,混合体 in combination (with...)(与……)结合/联合/混合 例The firm is working on a new product in with several overseas partners.这家公司与几个海外合伙人在联合开发一种新产品。 ②combined adj.联合的;共同的;加在一起的,总计的(仅用于名词前) combined efforts共同的努力 知识点3 absorbed adj.专心致志的;被吸引住的 be absorbed in ...专心致志于……;被……吸引住 特别提醒 形容词absorbed一般不用于名词前。 ①absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸引(某人的)注意力,使全神贯注;吸收(液体、气体或热、光、能等);使并入,同化 absorb...into...把……吸收进…… be absorbed into...被并入……;被……同化 例In fact, most people only about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.事实上, 大多数人只能理解约20%的演讲者(传达)的信息。 Suddenly, a black cat him and reminded him of the lost cat of his home.突然,一只黑色的猫吸引了他的注意力,使他想起了他家丢失的猫。 Plants carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳,从土壤中吸收水分。 ②absorption n.(液体、气体等的)吸收;专心致志,着迷;并入,同化 知识点4 appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的;有感染力的;恳求的 appeal v.有吸引力,有感染力;呼吁,恳求;申诉n.吸引力,感染力;呼吁,恳求;申诉 appeal to sb.吸引某人 appeal to sb. for sth.为某事呼吁/恳求某人 appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事 make/issue an appeal (to sb.) (for sth.)(因某事)(向某人)发出呼吁 例Whichever and whatever you like, there is an incredible theme park that will you! 无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!  If you , he will give generously.如果你向他求助,他会慷慨解囊的。 The government everyone to save water.政府正呼吁人人节约用水。 知识点5 arrangement n.\[C\]安排,筹划;布置;\[C,U\]商定,约定 ①make arrangements (　for   ...)(为……)做安排/准备 ②come to  an arrangement (with sb.)(与某人)达成协议 ③an arrangement between...and...……和……之间的约定 ④an arrangement to do sth.做某事的约定 ⑤by prior arrangement经事先约定 arrange vi.& vt.安排;筹备 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事 arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事 例Most museums also welcome school groups and special activities for children.大多数博物馆也欢迎学校团体,并为孩子们安排特别的活动。  I will somebody to take you around.我会安排一个人领你转转。 知识点6 escape v.避开,避免;(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离,逃避,摆脱;逃走;被忽视,被忘掉 n.逃脱,逃跑,逃避 ①escape doing sth.避开做某事 ②escape from ...从……中逃脱/逃走 ③escape one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意/被某人忽视 ④(an) escape from...从……中的逃脱 ⑤have a narrow   escape死里逃生 例You were very lucky to have escaped the big fire last night.你非常幸运,逃离了昨晚的那场大火。 The moral of the story is that a wicked person cannot escape punished.这个故事的寓意是恶人逃脱不了惩罚。 He had a narrow in the accident, so he dared not risk breaking the traffic rules again.他在事故中死里逃生,所以不敢再冒险违反交规了。 知识点7 disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的 ①be disappointed in/with  sb.对某人失望 ②be disappointed at/by/with/about    sth.对某事失望 ③be disappointed to do  sth.做某事感到失望 ④be disappointed (that  )...对……失望 ①disappoint v.使失望;使破灭 ②disappointing adj.令人失望的 ③disappointingly adv.令人失望的是;令人失望地 ④disappointment n.\[U\]失望;扫兴;沮丧;\[C\]使人失望的人(或事物) to sb.’s disappointment=to the disappointment of sb.令某人失望的是 例 , the book I want has been sold out.令我失望的是,我想要的那本书卖光了。 I was very disappointed myself.我对自己感到非常失望。 They were greatly disappointed the result of the game.他们对比赛结果极其失望。 I was (that) Tom was not there.汤姆不在那儿,我很失望。 He was and sad to see his best friend wasn’t at the party.看到自己最好的朋友没来参加聚会,他感到很失望,很难过。 知识点8  responsibility n.责任;职责;义务 ①a sense of responsibility 责任感 ②have a responsibility to do sth.有责任/有义务做某事 ③have/take responsibility for (doing) sth.有(做)某事的责任/承担(做)某事的责任 ④take on responsibility承担责任 ⑤it’s sb.’s responsibility to do sth.某人有责任做某事 responsible adj.负责的;负有责任的;有责任心的;可信任的 be responsible for (doing) sth.对(做)某事负责;对(做)某事负有责任 例As a member of society, everyone should protecting the environment.作为社会的一员,每个人都有责任保护环境。 Ordinary people should take certain for guaranteeing public health security.普通民众应该为保障公共卫生安全承担一定的责任。 China has a to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 中国有责任与其他国家合作,推动茶叶产业健康发展。 A sense of social motivates young students to acquire as much knowledge as possible and put it into practice.社会责任感促使青年学生尽可能多地获取知识,并将其运用到实践中。 知识点9 absence n.缺乏,没有,不存在;缺席 ①(an) absence of  缺乏,没有 ②in  the absence of缺乏,没有 ③absence from    ...缺席…… ④in/during   one’s absence在某人不在时 ⑤absence of mind 心不在焉 ①absent adj.缺乏的,不存在的;缺席的;心不在焉的 be absent from缺乏……;缺席…… 例She is never absent work without good cause.她从不无故缺勤。 ②absent-minded adj.心不在焉的;健忘的 例He could not account for his from school.他无法解释他旷课的原因。 The decision was made in/during my .这个决定是在我不在的时候做出的。 In the of parents’ company in their childhood, children will probably lack confidence.童年时期缺乏父母陪伴的孩子很可能会缺乏自信。 Her of mind during her speech made her friends and relatives present worried about her.演讲时她的心不在焉使得在座的朋友和亲戚都很担心她。 Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an of eye contact.当然,在课堂上并不是每个抬头的人都在专心(听讲)。一些学生抬起头,但没有眼神交流。 知识点10  so...that...如此……以至于…… ①so...that...表示 “如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。 ②so...that...的基本句型: a.so+形容词/副词+that从句 b.so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+that从句 c.so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 d.so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 表示“如此……以至于……”的结构还有such...that...,其基本结构为: ①such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句 ②such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例Ms. Yang is a responsible teacher that the whole class love her very much.杨老师如此负责任,全班(学生)都很爱她。 They are lively and lovely children that everyone wants to make friends with them.他们是如此活泼可爱的孩子,每个人都想和他们交朋友。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天气这么好,我们都想出去走走。 特别提醒 so/such...that...引导结果状语从句时可把“so/such...”部分置于句首,主句用倒装语序。 例 carelessly did he drive that he nearly knocked down a passer-by.他开车如此粗心,以至于差点撞倒一个路人。 good news did we get that everyone was excited.我们得到这么好的消息,以至于每个人都很兴奋。 He told interesting a story that we all laughed.他讲了一个如此有趣的故事,我们都笑了起来。 Lisa left home hurriedly that she left her cellphone at home.莉萨匆匆忙忙地离开了家,结果把手机落在家里了。 He had little education that he was unfit for this job.他接受的教育太少,不适合做这份工作。 She was talented that she was promoted to general manager.她很有才华,被提升为总经理。 They handed him many cards that they filled several large boxes.他们递给他如此多的卡片,以至于装满了好几个大盒子。 知识点11 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 ①determined adj.有决心的;坚定的 be determined that...决心…… 例We are to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.我们决心以我们优秀的同学为榜样,使自己对整个社会有用。 He was that he would study hard.他决心努力学习。 ②determine v.决心,决定;确定;支配;查明 determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事(表示动作) determine on sth.决定某事 determining factors决定性因素 例Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined settle in China.保罗喜欢中国文化,所以他决定在中国定居。 ③determination n.决心;果断;坚定;确定;查明 determination to do sth.做某事的决心 例He now has the to push further and keep on going.现在,他决心继续努力前进。 知识点12 be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事;曾经做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 例He used to get up late, but now he is used to up early.他过去常常起得晚, 但现在他习惯早起了。 The technology, Strano said, could one day light the rooms. Strano说,这项技术有一天可以被用于照亮房间。 词汇拓展 表示“习惯于(做)某事”的还有:be accustomed to (doing) sth. 例You’ll be to the new school life maybe after three or four weeks.或许三四个星期后你就会习惯这种新的学校生活。 知识点13 engage v.参与,参加;雇用,聘用;吸引 ①engage in (doing) sth.参与/参加/从事(做)某事 ②engage sb. in (doing) sth.使某人参与/从事(做)某事 ③engage sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事 ④engage sb. as ...雇用某人为…… ①engaged adj.忙于,从事于;已订婚的;(电话线)被占用的,使用中的 be engaged in/on (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事;从事某事 be engaged to sb.与某人订婚 例The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally in academic life.从大学中获益最多的是那些完全投入到学术生活中的学生。 ②engagement n.约定,约会,预约;交战;订婚 例I have an with Mr. Brown to play golf at 2 o’clock this afternoon.我和布朗先生约好了今天下午两点钟打高尔夫球。 He is engaged do the challenging job.他受雇从事这项具有挑战性的工作。 We could local people as temporary workers.我们可以雇当地人做临时工。 According to the results of the survey, only 15% of people would in exercising regularly.根据调查结果,只有15%的人会定期锻炼。 The program is aimed at encouraging students to be active citizens and themselves in making a contribution to society.该项目旨在鼓励学生成为积极的公民,参与到为社会做贡献当中去。 知识点14 cheer...up使……高兴起来,使……振奋起来 cheer up 高兴起来,振作起来 特别提醒 当短语cheer up带宾语时,如果宾语是名词(短语),则可放在cheer和up之间,也可放在up后面;如果宾语是代词,则应放在cheer和up之间。 例It is a good idea to try to the person you are writing to.  =It is a good idea to try to the person you are writing to .设法让你写信的对象高兴起来是个好主意。 When I’m feeling sad, my friend always tells me funny stories to .当我感到悲伤时,我的朋友总是给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。 ①cheer v.欢呼,加油;鼓励,鼓舞n.欢呼声,喝彩声 cheer sb. on/cheer on sb.为某人加油(当宾语为代词时,代词放在cheer和on之间) 例A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to .一千名支持者涌入体育场为这些运动员加油。 ②cheerful adj.高兴的;令人愉快的 例She was affected by the atmosphere, and a sweet smile overflowed like a rainbow on her face.她被这种欢快的气氛感染,甜美的微笑像彩虹一样洋溢在她的脸上。 ③cheering adj.令人振奋的 知识点15 “make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语通常为名词或代词,宾语补足语可以有多种形式: ①make+宾语+形容词 让……变得…… ②make+宾语+名词  让……成为…… ③make+宾语+动词原形 (与宾语之间是主动关系) 让……做…… ④make+宾语+过去分词  (与宾语之间是被动关系) 让……被做 (1)“make+宾语+动词原形(不带to的不定式)”结构变为被动时,不定式符号to要还原。 例The naughty kids were made help clean the yard.那些调皮的孩子被要求帮忙打扫院子。 (2)当宾语比较长时,常用it作形式宾语,构成“make+it+宾补+真正的宾语”结构。 例He didn’t make clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有讲清楚在何时、何地举行会议。 My dad’s words made me that it is important to read books.父亲的话让我意识到读书很重要。 The purpose of new technologies is to make life , not to make it more difficult.新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易,而不是使其变得更加困难。 It’s very helpful for you a really well-rounded and active member of the film and television industry.这对使你成为电影和电视行业中真正全面发展的、活跃的一员非常有帮助。  I raised my voice to make myself .我提高了嗓门以便让别人听到。 知识点16 when it comes to...当涉及……时,当谈到……时 “when it comes to...”中的to为介词,其后接　名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 例Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to the planet.当谈到破坏地球时,交通运输负有很大责任。 Compared with self-guided tours, group travel has more advantages when it comes long-distance tours.与自助旅游相比,随团旅游在长途旅游方面有更多的优势。 知识点17 scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的;担心的 ①be scared of  sb./sth./doing sth.害怕某人/某事或某物;害怕做某事 ②be scared to do  sth.害怕做某事 ③be scared that ...害怕……;担心…… ④be scared to death吓得要死 ①scare v.使(某人)惊恐,惊吓,(使)害怕,(使)恐惧n.惊恐;恐慌 scare off/away把……吓跑 scare...into doing sth.威胁/恐吓……做某事 例It’s said that setting fireworks was to scare off/away the monster Nian.据说,过去燃放烟花是为了驱赶怪兽——年。 The naughty boys were into telling the truth.那些淘气的男孩被吓得说了实话。 ②scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的 例Randall Flagg is one of the characters ever. Randall Flagg是有史以来最恐怖的角色之一。 A snake came out of the wood and I was to death.一条蛇从树林中窜了出来,我吓得要死。 Tom wanted to ask Lily out, but he was that she might refuse.汤姆想约莉莉出去,但又担心她可能会拒绝。 We’re scared the things that we don’t understand.我们害怕我们不理解的事情。 The little girl is scared go across the bridge because she is scared of falling into the river.这个小女孩害怕过桥,因为她担心自己掉进河里。 知识点18 devote v.致力,献身,倾注;把……用于…… ①devote oneself to sth./doing sth.致力于/献身于/专心投入于(做)某事 ②devote (one’s) time/life/energy/attention/...to sth./doing sth.把(某人的)时间/一生/精力/注意力/……奉献给(做)某事/投入到(做)某事中 ③devote...to... 把……用于…… ①devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的;热衷于……的;专用于……的 be devoted to...对……忠诚;深爱……;热衷于……;专用于…… 例The couple are devoted their children.这对夫妇深爱着自己的孩子。 John has been to fishing for many years.约翰多年来一直热衷于钓鱼。 ②devotion n.关爱,关照;奉献;忠诚 devotion to...对……的关爱/奉献 例He is respected by his students for his to the cause of education.他因对教育事业的奉献而受到学生们的尊敬。 Philosophers and educators have a good deal of time to exploring its meaning.哲学家和教育家们花费了大量的时间来探索其意义。 It can’t be denied that we need to more resources to this program.无可否认,我们需要对这个项目投入更多的资源。 All in all, it is high time we ourselves to protecting the ocean.总之,该是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。 知识点19 permission n.允许,许可,批准;许可证 ①ask (for)  permission (to do sth.)请求允许(做某事) ②get permission from   ...得到……的许可 ③with the permission of sb./with   sb.’s permission 经某人允许 ④without  permission 未经允许 permit v.(permitted, permitted, permitting)许可,允许,准许n.许可证 permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time/weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于条件状语从句“if time/weather permits”,意为“如果时间/天气允许的话” 例The government has already the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许这家公司使用特殊材料,以使车辆更容易飞行。 The visitors are that the museum doesn’t permit smoking.参观者被提醒博物馆里不允许吸烟。 Weather /If weather , I’ll go hiking this weekend.天气允许的话,我这周末将去徒步旅行。 知识点20 take...into account把……考虑进去;考虑到,顾及 take sth. into account/take account of   sth.=take sth. into consideration把某事考虑进去,考虑到某事 ①account n.叙述,描述;报道;账目;账户v.认为是;视为 on account of=because of因为,由于 on no account=not on any account决不;绝对不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装) give an account of...对……进行描述 account for解释,说明;是……的原因;(数量上、比例上)占…… 例Innocent people get into trouble on of others’ misfortune.城门失火,殃及池鱼。 The professor warned the students that on no should they use mobile phones in his class.教授警告这些学生,他们决不能在他的课上使用手机。  Those who visit English-learning websites for 12%.那些访问英语学习网站的人占12%。 ②accountant n.会计,会计师 When choosing a major, we need to take our interests and career plans into our interests and career plans.选专业课时,我们需要考虑我们的兴趣和职业规划。 I would be grateful if you could take my application into .如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。 知识点21 concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的;关心的;有关的;关切的,关注的,感兴趣的 ①be concerned about/for   /(that)...担心/担忧…… ②be concerned about/for...关心…… ③as/so far as sb. be concerned　在某人看来,就某人而言  (翻译) ④be concerned with   与……有关,涉及……;关心/关注…… 特别提醒 concerned用作前置定语时,表示“焦急的;担忧的”;用作后置定语时,表示“有关的;有牵连 的”。 例The doctor rang the leader concerned.这位焦急的医生给相关领导打了个电话。 ①concern vt.使担忧;牵涉;与……有关;(对……)感兴趣n.担心,忧虑;关爱,关心;重要的事;公司,企业 concern oneself about/with sth.对某事感兴趣;关心某事;担心某事 (express) concern(s) for/about/over...(表达)对……的担心/关切 例She concerns herself voluntary work.她关心志愿工作。 The report expressed concern food safety.该报告表达了对食品安全的担忧。 ②concerning prep.关于;有关;涉及 例I received a letter the meeting.我收到了一封有关这次会议的信。 Parents are all about/for their children.父母都关心自己的孩子。 This book is with how to learn English.这本书是关于如何学习英语的。 Many people are concerned the security of online transactions.很多人担心网上交易的安全性。 As far as I am , both health and wealth are important to our life.依我看,健康和财富对我们的生活都很重要。 知识点22 contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);捐赠,捐献;(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿 ①contribute to造成,促成,有助于;是……的原因之一;捐献,捐助;为……做出贡献 ②contribute...to ...把……捐献给……;为……贡献……;给……撰稿;向……投稿 ①contribution n.捐款;捐赠;贡献;稿件 make a contribution to...为……做出贡献;给……捐款 例From her, I learned that only with persistence could I overcome difficulties and society. 从她身上,我学到只有坚持不懈我才能克服困难,为社会做出贡献。 ②contributor n.捐助者;做出贡献者;投稿人,撰稿人;促成因素 Each worker a dollar to the Red Cross.每个工人都给红十字会捐献了一美元。 She a number of articles to the magazine.她给该杂志撰写了一些文章。 Honesty and hard work contribute success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。 I believe that every Chinese can contribute the Chinese Dream.我相信每个中国人都能够为中国梦做出贡献。 The student volunteers their own time to helping exchange students.这些学生志愿者贡献自己的时间来帮助交换生。 Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute depression and even crimes.孤独是一种严重的社会问题,可能导致抑郁甚至犯罪。 知识点23 倍数表达法 常见的倍数表达法句式: ①A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级   /副词原级+as+B ②倍数+as many/much+可数名词复数/不可数名词+as ③A+谓语+倍数+形容词比较级/副词比较级  +than+B ④A+谓语+倍数+the+度量名词(size /length/height/depth/width/weight/...)+of+B ⑤A+谓语+倍数+what  从句 表示两倍时,可以用副词twice或形容词double;表示三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。 此外,还可以用half、分数、百分数等表示倍数。 例The new stadium is the size of the previous one.新体育场是之前那个的三倍大。 Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about Mount Qomolangma.奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山,大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。 In other words, there are boys.换句话说,女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。 The electronic waste increases than traditional garbage as a whole.总的来说,电子垃圾的增长速度是传统垃圾的三倍。 The production is now what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。 知识点23 现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语的基本用法 用法归纳1 1.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,所表示的动作往往与句子主语之间存在主动关系。 2.现在分词作状语常常用来表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。现在分词(短语)作状语时往往可以和状语从句进行转换,一般不用作目的状语。 the noise, I turned round.=When I heard the noise, I turned round.听到响声,我转过身。 too young, he couldn’t join the army.=Because he was too young, he couldn’t join the army.因为太年轻,他不能参军。 hard, you’ll succeed.=If you work hard, you’ll succeed.如果你努力工作,你会成功的。 He walked along the river, softly to himself.他沿着河一边走,一边轻声哼着歌。 His parents died in the war, him an orphan.他的父母在战争中死亡,使他成了孤儿。 of what she said, I still think that she didn’t try her best.=Although/Though/While I approved of what she said, I still think that she didn’t try her best.尽管同意她说的话,但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。 用法归纳2 作时间状语的现在分词前有时可以加上when、while、once等连词,构成“连词+现在分词”结构,相当于一种状语从句的省略形式。 While for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.在等公共汽车的时候,他读了一份《中国日报》。 特别提醒 状语从句的省略:当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词。 He continued to write while (he was) in hospital.他住院时仍继续写作。 二、注意事项 1.现在分词的时态形式和语态形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 情景导学 the guide, we walked through the forest.跟着向导,我们步行穿过了森林。 lived abroad for many years, I was eager to return to my homeland. 在国外生活了很多年,我渴望回到我的祖国。 用法归纳 1.现在分词作状语时,若现在分词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,则用现在分词的一般式。 2.现在分词作状语时,若现在分词表示的动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生,则用现在分词的完成式。 2.现在分词的否定形式 用法归纳 现在分词作状语时,其否定形式是在前面加not。 Not been invited to the party, she had to stay at home.由于没有被邀请参加聚会,她只好待在家里。 3.现在分词的独立主格结构 用法归纳 当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,通常用独立主格结构,也就是在现在分 词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 The train gone, we had to wait another day.火车已经开走了,我们不得不再等一天。 知识点24 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词,二者都可以作定语,但用法和意义有所不同。 一、现在分词和动名词作定语的用法 用法归纳 1.现在分词作定语时,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的 主动关系,常表示主动或正在进行的动作,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句。 2.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于由for构成的介词短语。 The boy football in the playground is my younger brother.=The boy that/who is playing football in the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the room (=the room for reading).阅览室里谁也不准大声说话。 二、现在分词和动名词作定语时的位置 用法归纳 1.单个的现在分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前 ;现在分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰词之后。 2.动名词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前。 You should adapt to the situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。 The man watching TV in the room is my uncle.在客厅看电视的人是我的叔叔。 The boy is swimming in the pool.那个男孩正在游泳池里游泳。 三、注意事项 用法归纳1 作前置定语的现在分词大都是已经形容词化的现在分词,其前常有程度副词, 有的本身还有比较级和最高级形式等。常见的作前置定语的现在分词有exciting、interesting、surprising、annoying、frightening、amusing等。 He brought us a very book.他给我们带来了一本非常有趣的书。 用法归纳2 现在分词的完成式(即having done/having been done)一般不作定语。 The students who have seen the film are coming out of the cinema.(√) The students having seen the film are coming out of the cinema.(×)看完电影的学生们正走出电影院。 用法归纳3 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别:现在分词作定语表示正在进行的、主动的动作;过去分词作定语表示 被动或完成意义;不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。 People for the bus often shelter from the rain in my doorway.等公共汽车的人经常在我家门口躲雨。 I like listening to songs by Jackson.我喜欢听杰克逊唱的歌。 You are the right person the job.你是做这项工作的合适人选。 知识点25现在分词和过去分词作补足语 现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语。当原来的主动句变为被动句时,原来作宾语补足语的内容就转变成主语补足语。此处重点讲解现在分词和过去 分词作宾语补足语的用法。 一、现在分词作宾语补足语 用法归纳1 现在分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系,表示正在进行的主动动作或经常存在的状态。 I felt somebody behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。 用法归纳2 现在分词常作以下动词的宾语补足语或用在以下结构中作宾语补足语: (1)作感官动词(短语),如see、hear 、smell、look at、listen to、notice、observe、feel、find等的宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。 (2)作表示指使意义的使役动词,如have、 get、leave、keep等的宾语补足语,表示“让……一直做……”。 (3)用于with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾语补足语)中。 At the station, they heard people in French.在车站,他们听到人们在用法语交流。 Facing the crowd,I found myself from stage fright.面对人群,我发现自己怯场。 Don’t have the students all day.不要让学生们一整天都在学习。 She nodded, with tears of happiness down her face.她点点头,幸福的泪水从脸上流下。 特别提醒 感官动词后跟现在分词与跟不定式作宾语补足语的区别:跟现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行,跟不定式(常为省略to的不定式)作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程。 I saw her in the classroom.我看到她正在教室里跳舞。 I saw her in the classroom.我看到她在教室里跳舞了。 二、过去分词作宾语补足语 用法归纳1 过去分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动 关系,表示被动或完成意义,有时两者兼有。 I heard the song by her.我听见这首歌被她唱过。 用法归纳2 过去分词常作以下动词的宾语补足语或用在以下结构中作宾语补足语: (1)作感官动词(短语),如see、hear、smell、notice、observe、watch、feel、find、look at、listen to等的宾语补足语。 (2)作表示指使意义的使役动词,如have、get、make、keep、leave等的宾语补足语。 (3)表示意愿、命令等和表示心理状态的动词:like、want、wish、expect、order、think、 suppose、 consider等。 (4)用在with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾语补足语)中。 I saw your wallet by a thief.我看见你的钱包被一个小偷偷了。 They managed to make themselves by using very simple English.他们设法通过使用很简单的英语使自己被理解了。 The manager ordered the work at the end of this week.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。 She considered the matter .她认为这件事已经解决了。 With everything , her face shone with a sweet smile.一切都完成后,她的脸上绽放出甜美的笑容。 特别提醒 “have+宾语+过去分词”可以表示三种含义:一是“主语请别人做某事”,二是“……遭遇某种不幸”,三是“某人自己(参与)完成某事”。 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍张照片。 Mr. White had his house into yesterday.怀特先生家昨天被盗了。 I have my homework as quickly as possible.我尽快完成了作业。 基础通关练（测试时间：20分钟） 单句语法填空 1.Environmentalists are protecting the endangered animals in the area in 　　　　　(combine) with the locals.  2.(2025安徽皖江名校联考) What began as a terrible thing gave me time and space to learn about personal development and 　　　　　(transform).  3.(2021北京)Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved,the 　　　　　(emotion) response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.  4.(2025广东佛山期中)When you feel good physically, you're more likely to perform well in other areas of your life, so it's 　　　　　(incredible) important to build healthy habits into your daily routine.  5.(2025江苏常州期中) By combining tradition 　　　　　 modernization, museums are not only preserving history but also shaping the future of cultural participation.  6.The doctor advised me to keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise so as to keep fit and 　　　　　(energy).  7.(2025甘肃白银期中)After years of hard work, Kareem has not only realized his dream but transformed a piece of deserted property 　　　　　 beautiful forest as well.  8.(2023全国甲)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine 　　　　　(combine) with modern cooking methods.  9.He would arrange 　　　　　 others 　　　　　(look) after the children in the welfare home when he was not available.  10.(2023全国甲)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 　　　　　 saving their environment.   11.(2025河南南阳月考) The Olympic weightlifting competition mainly tests the limit of 　　　　　(explode) strength.  12.There was a 　　　　　(disappoint) look on her face when she saw the result.  13.(2025广东深圳期中)The game's high-quality production and authentic English subtitles help accurately communicate the emotions of the 　　　　　(origin) novel.  14.The two prisoners are said 　　　　　(escape), and the police are searching for them.  15.(2022全国甲)Throughout her career(职业) as a 　　　　　(profession) dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further.  16.(2025黑龙江大庆期末)He was impossible to make a comment 　　　　　 the topic. It seemed as if he had a frog in his throat.  17.In brief, we may suffer from many setbacks in our quest 　　　　　 the truth.  18.(2025江苏扬州月考)When I returned home, I determined 　　　　　(devote) more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure.  19.①He is experienced and used to 　　　　　 (make) arrangements before the boss asks him to.  ②(2025广东汕头期中)Researchers hope that their results will be used 　　　　　(lower) stress and improve the welfare of captive, hoofed animals.  20.(2025江苏无锡期中)The health issues 　　　　　(arise) from pollution in the city are a major concern for citizens.  21.It's time to go　　　　　. Please hurry up, or you will miss the train.   22.(2025陕西商洛月考)It's necessary to feed and cheer 　　　　　 the pets in order to keep them healthy and active.  23.When I was about to stop running and quit the race, I heard the whole class cheering me　　　　　, which gave me great strength to continue.  24.(2021北京)Interestingly, the more　　　　　(cheer) the music was, the faster their heart rates were.  25.Now that you have　　　　　 (mass) of work to do, you don't have to help me with the housework.   26.(2023新课标Ⅱ)They had to move to Virginia but they were 　　　　　 a very tight budget.  27.(2025湖南名校联考期中)The number of car accidents, which had been going down for years, is now going up 　　　　　(dramatic).  28.It is said that the building 　　　　　(construct) will function as an art gallery.  29.　　　　　 (fortunate), we managed to stay within our budget for the school trip and still afford some meaningful souvenirs.   30.(2020北京)Positive thinking has several beneficial effects 　　　　　 the body and the mind.  31.However, the two zookeepers didn't want to see the 　　　　　 (extinct) of this precious species.  32.I see libraries 　　　　　 a safe place for readers and writers, and a bridge that helps connect a reader with a book.  33.The little girl was very 　　　　　 when she saw the 　　　　　 snake lying on the ground and she was almost 　　　　　 to death. (scare)  34.Finally he reached a lonely island which 　　　　　 (cut) off from the outside world.  35.Closer cooperation between the school and parents can contribute 　　　　　 students' better school performance.   36.The forest was 　　　　　 (severe) damaged by the wildfire, leaving many animals with no choice but to quit their homes.  37.One of my previous classmates mistook my older sister 　　　　　 me yesterday, because we are twins and look very similar.  38.Renewable energy sources, like wind and solar power, are 　　　　　 the majority in the discussions about sustainable development worldwide.  39.All the staff in the company are 　　　　　 with the meetings 　　　　　 their interests.(concern)  40.The government started a mass of campaigns to save electricity and urged people 　　　　　 (do) their part.  41.He 　　　　　 much money to remote schools and made great 　　　　　 to the development of education there.(contribute)  42.This city's energy system is now three times 　　　　　(sustainable) than it was a decade ago, thanks to the use of renewable resources.  重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） A 一．用现在分词(短语)作状语改写下列句子 1.If you listen to English every day, you'll learn it well step by step. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.When we were approaching the city center, we saw a stone statue about 10 meters in height. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  3.Though he had been told many times, he still didn't correct his mistake. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  4.If time permits, we'll visit the spot again. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  5.After we had been shown around the labs, we were taken to see the library. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  二．根据括号中的汉语提示用现在分词短语完成语段 　　1.　　　　　　(听到消息) about the Asian Games, Alice applied to be a volunteer in her college in Hangzhou. Her parents supported what she did, 2.　　　　　　　　(使她更有信心). Though tired, she still did a very good job. 3.　　　　　　　　　　(被认为是最出色的志愿者), Alice was well known in the college then.  B 一 .单句语法填空 1.The programme aims to educate students and prepare students for a 　　　　　(challenge) career.  2.Last night, there were millions of people 　　　　　(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.  3.They set up 　　　　　(operate) tables and operated on the injured immediately.   4.(2025天津期末)The recipe, 　　　　　(consist) of simple ingredients such as flour, sugar, and eggs, is easy to follow.  5.(2024浙江1月)Children's Theatre has a study guide 　　　　　(demonstrate) how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer”.  二．同义句转换 1.This is one of the problems which are being discussed at the meeting at present. →This is one of the problems　　　　 　　　　 at the meeting at present.  2.The opera that will be performed next week is based on a true story. →The opera　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 next week is based on a true story.  3.The man who is taking a walk in the playground is my English teacher. →The man　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is my English teacher.  4.The man who lives in the faraway village rarely sees subways. →The man　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 rarely sees subways.  三．根据括号中的汉语提示完成语段 　　An old woman 1.　　　　　　 (背着包的) was walking along the street and was hit by a car 2.　　　　　　 (从相反方向来的). People 3.　　　　　　 (路过的) all came to help the old lady, but the car 4.　　　　　　 (撞倒她的) ran away quickly. Fortunately,people 5.　　　　　　 (提供帮助的) called the police and the driver was caught at last.  C 一．单句语法填空 1.(2022全国甲)When I saw Usain Bolt 　　　　　 (run) in 2012 London Olympics, I was amazed.  2.The old couple often have a walk after supper in the park built last year, with their pet dog　　　　　 (follow) them.  3.(2025四川宜宾期末)He found Mark 　　　　　 (sit) alone outside, his eyes downcast.  4.The shy girl raised her voice to make herself　　　　　 (hear).  5.Before boarding the flight, you are required to get your luggage 　　　　　 (check).  二．完成句子 1.当他抬头看时,他发现朵朵白云在蔚蓝的天空中流动,就像鱼儿在海洋中游泳。(“find+宾语+宾补”;flow) When he looked up, he　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the blue sky just like fish swimming in the ocean. 2.看到我陷入如此困境,爸爸很惊讶,不过惊讶很快就变成了笑声。(“see+宾语+宾补”;catch) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in such a difficult situation, Dad was surprised, but soon surprise was transformed into laughter.　  3.由于项目提前完成,团队有时间为董事会准备一份详细的报告。(with的复合结构;complete) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 ahead of schedule, the team had time to prepare a detailed presentation for the board.  综合拓展练（测试时间：15分钟） （1） (2025河南郑州期末) 　　Every year the world unites together on World Animal Day on October 4 to improve the treatment and well-being of animals. 　　 It started in 1931 in Florence, Italy when ecologists joined together to raise public 　1　(aware) of endangered species. Since then, the yearly event 　2　(use) as a means of connecting animal welfare organizations, businesses, community groups and individuals to raise funds for causes like animal care and endangered species protection.  　　 In the past 20 years, China has done much 　3　(improve) animal welfare. The biggest symbol of China's official protection of animals can be found in the Wildlife Protection Law, first 　4　(sign) in 1988 and revised several times over the years. The law is aimed at protecting endangered species as well as 　5　(ensure) a balance between the needs of wild animals and people.   　　This balance is　6　(evidence) in the case of Asian elephants, endangered due 　7　 hunting for their tusks (象牙). Asian elephants in China are mostly found in Yunnan Province. A variety of difficulties have appeared as the government has tried to strike 　8　 balance between protecting the endangered elephants and making up for farmers 　9　 crops are damaged by these wild animals. Through changes to the law, the government has improved harmony between locals and wildlife 　10　(positive). More measures will be taken to improve wildlife habitats.  　　In the spirit of World Animal Day, let's think of more ways to better protect animals, shall we? （2） (2025重庆期末) 　　Bao Yawei, 26, turned to AI apps earlier this year to streamline trip planning for her holiday. She noted that tools such as ChatGPT helped outline travel routes 　1　(powerful) and praised AI “tourism assistants” for their ability 　2　(choose) from information, which simplified the process. “I used to switch from one app to another, checking the related information of some tourist 　3　(attract). Now, all I need to do is to type in my needs, after 　4　 I will get a route highlighted with some must-go spots and good restaurants,” Bao said.  　　　5　 imperfections in AI-generated travel plans, she stressed their practical use for non-demanding travelers who try out new technologies to ease their traveling burdens. Many companies are seeking to improve their AI tourism services. VISIOTRIP, a tourism tech company 　6　(establish) in 2021, is combining AI with travel services. Through its app “Huanmeng Travel”, users interact with the AI assistant “Emily”, which offers real-time travel guidance and tailored trips based on users' interest, with its services 　7　(cover) more than 50 domestic and overseas destinations.  　　As someone puts it, it's now a trend to apply AI technology to tourism services. AI technology is developing fast, 　8　 time is needed to perfect it. A notice 　9　(release) by five central departments in May to encourage governments and companies to improve China's smart tourism, hoping that more tourists would find their trips more convenient and 　10　(benefit).  1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 必修第二册Unit4~Unit6（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握必修第二册Unit4~Unit6 中23个重点词句的用法 复习难点： 掌握必修第二册Unit4~Unit6 中3个重点语法知识 1.现在分词作状语 2.动词-ing形式作定语 3.现在分词和过去分词作补足语 考情规律 语境运用：侧重在具体语境中的选择，以及短语的搭配（完形填空、语法填空题中）。 知识点1 .get across (to...)(向……)解释清楚;(向……)传达;被(……)理解 当get across的宾语为名词时,宾语可放在get和across之间,也可放在across后边;但当get across的宾语为代词时,宾语一般只可放在get和across之间。 例（1）We need to get the message across/get across the message to people that garbage sorting is important for environmental protection.我们需要让人们明白垃圾分类对环保来说很重要。 （2）How can I get it across to you how important this is?我怎样才能让你理解这件事的重要性呢? ①get through打通(电话);顺利通过(考试等);(设法)处理,完成;用完,耗尽 I tried to call her but I couldn’t get through.我试图给她打电话,但是打不通。 ②get over克服,解决;从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态 例She could not get over her nervousness,so she kept standing behind her mother.她无法克服她的紧张,所以一直站在妈妈的身后。 ③get down写下,记下 ④get down to (doing) sth.开始(做)某事;开始认真对待某事 例It’s time I got down to thinking about that essay.我该开始认真思考一下那篇文章了。 ⑤get on with/get along with与……和睦相处;进展 ⑥get off离开,出发,动身 ⑦get into养成某种习惯;陷入某种情况 知识点2 combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合,(使)混合;兼备;兼做 ①combine with ...与……结合 ②combine A with/and B把A与B结合起来;兼备A和B;兼做A和B ③combine to do sth.联合/结合起来做某事;组合在一起做某事 ①combination n.结合,联合,混合;结合体,联合体,混合体 in combination (with...)(与……)结合/联合/混合 例The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners.这家公司与几个海外合伙人在联合开发一种新产品。 ②combined adj.联合的;共同的;加在一起的,总计的(仅用于名词前) combined efforts共同的努力 知识点3 absorbed adj.专心致志的;被吸引住的 be absorbed in ...专心致志于……;被……吸引住 特别提醒 形容词absorbed一般不用于名词前。 ①absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸引(某人的)注意力,使全神贯注;吸收(液体、气体或热、光、能等);使并入,同化 absorb...into...把……吸收进…… be absorbed into...被并入……;被……同化 例In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.事实上, 大多数人只能理解约20%的演讲者(传达)的信息。 Suddenly, a black cat absorbed him and reminded him of the lost cat of his home.突然,一只黑色的猫吸引了他的注意力,使他想起了他家丢失的猫。 Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳,从土壤中吸收水分。 ②absorption n.(液体、气体等的)吸收;专心致志,着迷;并入,同化 知识点4 appealing adj.有吸引力的,有趣的;有感染力的;恳求的 appeal v.有吸引力,有感染力;呼吁,恳求;申诉n.吸引力,感染力;呼吁,恳求;申诉 appeal to sb.吸引某人 appeal to sb. for sth.为某事呼吁/恳求某人 appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事 make/issue an appeal (to sb.) (for sth.)(因某事)(向某人)发出呼吁 例Whichever and whatever you like, there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! 无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!  If you appeal to him for help, he will give generously.如果你向他求助,他会慷慨解囊的。 The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府正呼吁人人节约用水。 知识点5 arrangement n.\[C\]安排,筹划;布置;\[C,U\]商定,约定 ①make arrangements (　for   ...)(为……)做安排/准备 ②come to  an arrangement (with sb.)(与某人)达成协议 ③an arrangement between...and...……和……之间的约定 ④an arrangement to do sth.做某事的约定 ⑤by prior arrangement经事先约定 arrange vi.& vt.安排;筹备 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事 arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事 例Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.大多数博物馆也欢迎学校团体,并为孩子们安排特别的活动。  I will arrange for somebody to take you around.我会安排一个人领你转转。 知识点6 escape v.避开,避免;(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离,逃避,摆脱;逃走;被忽视,被忘掉 n.逃脱,逃跑,逃避 ①escape doing sth.避开做某事 ②escape from ...从……中逃脱/逃走 ③escape one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意/被某人忽视 ④(an) escape from...从……中的逃脱 ⑤have a narrow   escape死里逃生 例You were very lucky to have escaped from the big fire last night.你非常幸运,逃离了昨晚的那场大火。 The moral of the story is that a wicked person cannot escape being punished.这个故事的寓意是恶人逃脱不了惩罚。 He had a narrow escape in the accident, so he dared not risk breaking the traffic rules again.他在事故中死里逃生,所以不敢再冒险违反交规了。 知识点7 disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的 ①be disappointed in/with  sb.对某人失望 ②be disappointed at/by/with/about    sth.对某事失望 ③be disappointed to do  sth.做某事感到失望 ④be disappointed (that  )...对……失望 ①disappoint v.使失望;使破灭 ②disappointing adj.令人失望的 ③disappointingly adv.令人失望的是;令人失望地 ④disappointment n.\[U\]失望;扫兴;沮丧;\[C\]使人失望的人(或事物) to sb.’s disappointment=to the disappointment of sb.令某人失望的是 例To my disappointment/To the disappointment of me, the book I want has been sold out.令我失望的是,我想要的那本书卖光了。 I was very disappointed in/with myself.我对自己感到非常失望。 They were greatly disappointed at/by/with/about the result of the game.他们对比赛结果极其失望。 I was disappointed (that) Tom was not there.汤姆不在那儿,我很失望。 He was disappointed and sad to see his best friend wasn’t at the party.看到自己最好的朋友没来参加聚会,他感到很失望,很难过。 知识点8  responsibility n.责任;职责;义务 ①a sense of responsibility 责任感 ②have a responsibility to do sth.有责任/有义务做某事 ③have/take responsibility for (doing) sth.有(做)某事的责任/承担(做)某事的责任 ④take on responsibility承担责任 ⑤it’s sb.’s responsibility to do sth.某人有责任做某事 responsible adj.负责的;负有责任的;有责任心的;可信任的 be responsible for (doing) sth.对(做)某事负责;对(做)某事负有责任 例As a member of society, everyone should be responsible for protecting the environment.作为社会的一员,每个人都有责任保护环境。 Ordinary people should take certain responsibility for guaranteeing public health security.普通民众应该为保障公共卫生安全承担一定的责任。 China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 中国有责任与其他国家合作,推动茶叶产业健康发展。 A sense of social responsibility motivates young students to acquire as much knowledge as possible and put it into practice.社会责任感促使青年学生尽可能多地获取知识,并将其运用到实践中。 知识点9 absence n.缺乏,没有,不存在;缺席 ①(an) absence of  缺乏,没有 ②in  the absence of缺乏,没有 ③absence from    ...缺席…… ④in/during   one’s absence在某人不在时 ⑤absence of mind 心不在焉 ①absent adj.缺乏的,不存在的;缺席的;心不在焉的 be absent from缺乏……;缺席…… 例She is never absent from work without good cause.她从不无故缺勤。 ②absent-minded adj.心不在焉的;健忘的 例He could not account for his absence from school.他无法解释他旷课的原因。 The decision was made in/during my absence.这个决定是在我不在的时候做出的。 In the absence of parents’ company in their childhood, children will probably lack confidence.童年时期缺乏父母陪伴的孩子很可能会缺乏自信。 Her absence of mind during her speech made her friends and relatives present worried about her.演讲时她的心不在焉使得在座的朋友和亲戚都很担心她。 Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact.当然,在课堂上并不是每个抬头的人都在专心(听讲)。一些学生抬起头,但没有眼神交流。 知识点10  so...that...如此……以至于…… ①so...that...表示 “如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。 ②so...that...的基本句型: a.so+形容词/副词+that从句 b.so+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+that从句 c.so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 d.so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 表示“如此……以至于……”的结构还有such...that...,其基本结构为: ①such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句 ②such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例Ms. Yang is such a responsible teacher that the whole class love her very much.杨老师如此负责任,全班(学生)都很爱她。 They are such lively and lovely children that everyone wants to make friends with them.他们是如此活泼可爱的孩子,每个人都想和他们交朋友。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天气这么好,我们都想出去走走。 特别提醒 so/such...that...引导结果状语从句时可把“so/such...”部分置于句首,主句用倒装语序。 例So carelessly did he drive that he nearly knocked down a passer-by.他开车如此粗心,以至于差点撞倒一个路人。 Such good news did we get that everyone was excited.我们得到这么好的消息,以至于每个人都很兴奋。 He told so interesting a story that we all laughed.他讲了一个如此有趣的故事,我们都笑了起来。 Lisa left home so hurriedly that she left her cellphone at home.莉萨匆匆忙忙地离开了家,结果把手机落在家里了。 He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他接受的教育太少,不适合做这份工作。 She was so talented that she was promoted to general manager.她很有才华,被提升为总经理。 They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes.他们递给他如此多的卡片,以至于装满了好几个大盒子。 知识点11 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 ①determined adj.有决心的;坚定的 be determined that...决心…… 例We are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.我们决心以我们优秀的同学为榜样,使自己对整个社会有用。 He was determined that he would study hard.他决心努力学习。 ②determine v.决心,决定;确定;支配;查明 determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事(表示动作) determine on sth.决定某事 determining factors决定性因素 例Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined to settle in China.保罗喜欢中国文化,所以他决定在中国定居。 ③determination n.决心;果断;坚定;确定;查明 determination to do sth.做某事的决心 例He now has the determination to push further and keep on going.现在,他决心继续努力前进。 知识点12 be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事;曾经做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 例He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early.他过去常常起得晚, 但现在他习惯早起了。 The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms. Strano说,这项技术有一天可以被用于照亮房间。 词汇拓展 表示“习惯于(做)某事”的还有:be accustomed to (doing) sth. 例You’ll be accustomed to the new school life maybe after three or four weeks.或许三四个星期后你就会习惯这种新的学校生活。 知识点13 engage v.参与,参加;雇用,聘用;吸引 ①engage in (doing) sth.参与/参加/从事(做)某事 ②engage sb. in (doing) sth.使某人参与/从事(做)某事 ③engage sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事 ④engage sb. as ...雇用某人为…… ①engaged adj.忙于,从事于;已订婚的;(电话线)被占用的,使用中的 be engaged in/on (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事;从事某事 be engaged to sb.与某人订婚 例The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life.从大学中获益最多的是那些完全投入到学术生活中的学生。 ②engagement n.约定,约会,预约;交战;订婚 例I have an engagement with Mr. Brown to play golf at 2 o’clock this afternoon.我和布朗先生约好了今天下午两点钟打高尔夫球。 He is engaged to do the challenging job.他受雇从事这项具有挑战性的工作。 We could engage local people as temporary workers.我们可以雇当地人做临时工。 According to the results of the survey, only 15% of people would engage in exercising regularly.根据调查结果,只有15%的人会定期锻炼。 The program is aimed at encouraging students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a contribution to society.该项目旨在鼓励学生成为积极的公民,参与到为社会做贡献当中去。 知识点14 cheer...up使……高兴起来,使……振奋起来 cheer up 高兴起来,振作起来 特别提醒 当短语cheer up带宾语时,如果宾语是名词(短语),则可放在cheer和up之间,也可放在up后面;如果宾语是代词,则应放在cheer和up之间。 例It is a good idea to try to cheer up the person you are writing to.  =It is a good idea to try to cheer the person you are writing to up.设法让你写信的对象高兴起来是个好主意。 When I’m feeling sad, my friend always tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到悲伤时,我的朋友总是给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。 ①cheer v.欢呼,加油;鼓励,鼓舞n.欢呼声,喝彩声 cheer sb. on/cheer on sb.为某人加油(当宾语为代词时,代词放在cheer和on之间) 例A thousand supporters packed into the stadium to cheer the athletes on/cheer on the athletes.一千名支持者涌入体育场为这些运动员加油。 ②cheerful adj.高兴的;令人愉快的 例She was affected by the cheerful atmosphere, and a sweet smile overflowed like a rainbow on her face.她被这种欢快的气氛感染,甜美的微笑像彩虹一样洋溢在她的脸上。 ③cheering adj.令人振奋的 知识点15 “make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语通常为名词或代词,宾语补足语可以有多种形式: ①make+宾语+形容词 让……变得…… ②make+宾语+名词  让……成为…… ③make+宾语+动词原形 (与宾语之间是主动关系) 让……做…… ④make+宾语+过去分词  (与宾语之间是被动关系) 让……被做 (1)“make+宾语+动词原形(不带to的不定式)”结构变为被动时,不定式符号to要还原。 例The naughty kids were made to help clean the yard.那些调皮的孩子被要求帮忙打扫院子。 (2)当宾语比较长时,常用it作形式宾语,构成“make+it+宾补+真正的宾语”结构。 例He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有讲清楚在何时、何地举行会议。 My dad’s words made me realize that it is important to read books.父亲的话让我意识到读书很重要。 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易,而不是使其变得更加困难。 It’s very helpful for making you a really well-rounded and active member of the film and television industry.这对使你成为电影和电视行业中真正全面发展的、活跃的一员非常有帮助。  I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高了嗓门以便让别人听到。 知识点16 when it comes to...当涉及……时,当谈到……时 “when it comes to...”中的to为介词,其后接　名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 例Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet.当谈到破坏地球时,交通运输负有很大责任。 Compared with self-guided tours, group travel has more advantages when it comes to long-distance tours.与自助旅游相比,随团旅游在长途旅游方面有更多的优势。 知识点17 scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的;担心的 ①be scared of  sb./sth./doing sth.害怕某人/某事或某物;害怕做某事 ②be scared to do  sth.害怕做某事 ③be scared that ...害怕……;担心…… ④be scared to death吓得要死 ①scare v.使(某人)惊恐,惊吓,(使)害怕,(使)恐惧n.惊恐;恐慌 scare off/away把……吓跑 scare...into doing sth.威胁/恐吓……做某事 例It’s said that setting off fireworks was to scare off/away the monster Nian.据说,过去燃放烟花是为了驱赶怪兽——年。 The naughty boys were scared into telling the truth.那些淘气的男孩被吓得说了实话。 ②scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的 例Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever. Randall Flagg是有史以来最恐怖的角色之一。 A snake came out of the wood and I was scared to death.一条蛇从树林中窜了出来,我吓得要死。 Tom wanted to ask Lily out, but he was scared that she might refuse.汤姆想约莉莉出去,但又担心她可能会拒绝。 We’re scared of the things that we don’t understand.我们害怕我们不理解的事情。 The little girl is scared to go across the bridge because she is scared of falling into the river.这个小女孩害怕过桥,因为她担心自己掉进河里。 知识点18 devote v.致力,献身,倾注;把……用于…… ①devote oneself to sth./doing sth.致力于/献身于/专心投入于(做)某事 ②devote (one’s) time/life/energy/attention/...to sth./doing sth.把(某人的)时间/一生/精力/注意力/……奉献给(做)某事/投入到(做)某事中 ③devote...to... 把……用于…… ①devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的;热衷于……的;专用于……的 be devoted to...对……忠诚;深爱……;热衷于……;专用于…… 例The couple are devoted to their children.这对夫妇深爱着自己的孩子。 John has been devoted to fishing for many years.约翰多年来一直热衷于钓鱼。 ②devotion n.关爱,关照;奉献;忠诚 devotion to...对……的关爱/奉献 例He is respected by his students for his devotion to the cause of education.他因对教育事业的奉献而受到学生们的尊敬。 Philosophers and educators have devoted a good deal of time to exploring its meaning.哲学家和教育家们花费了大量的时间来探索其意义。 It can’t be denied that we need to devote more resources to this program.无可否认,我们需要对这个项目投入更多的资源。 All in all, it is high time we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.总之,该是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。 知识点19 permission n.允许,许可,批准;许可证 ①ask (for)  permission (to do sth.)请求允许(做某事) ②get permission from   ...得到……的许可 ③with the permission of sb./with   sb.’s permission 经某人允许 ④without  permission 未经允许 permit v.(permitted, permitted, permitting)许可,允许,准许n.许可证 permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time/weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于条件状语从句“if time/weather permits”,意为“如果时间/天气允许的话” 例The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许这家公司使用特殊材料,以使车辆更容易飞行。 The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn’t permit smoking.参观者被提醒博物馆里不允许吸烟。 Weather permitting/If weather permits, I’ll go hiking this weekend.天气允许的话,我这周末将去徒步旅行。 知识点20 take...into account把……考虑进去;考虑到,顾及 take sth. into account/take account of   sth.=take sth. into consideration把某事考虑进去,考虑到某事 ①account n.叙述,描述;报道;账目;账户v.认为是;视为 on account of=because of因为,由于 on no account=not on any account决不;绝对不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装) give an account of...对……进行描述 account for解释,说明;是……的原因;(数量上、比例上)占…… 例Innocent people get into trouble on account of others’ misfortune.城门失火,殃及池鱼。 The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.教授警告这些学生,他们决不能在他的课上使用手机。  Those who visit English-learning websites account for 12%.那些访问英语学习网站的人占12%。 ②accountant n.会计,会计师 When choosing a major, we need to take our interests and career plans into account/take account of our interests and career plans.选专业课时,我们需要考虑我们的兴趣和职业规划。 I would be grateful if you could take my application into account/consideration.如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。 知识点21 concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的;关心的;有关的;关切的,关注的,感兴趣的 ①be concerned about/for   /(that)...担心/担忧…… ②be concerned about/for...关心…… ③as/so far as sb. be concerned　在某人看来,就某人而言  (翻译) ④be concerned with   与……有关,涉及……;关心/关注…… 特别提醒 concerned用作前置定语时,表示“焦急的;担忧的”;用作后置定语时,表示“有关的;有牵连 的”。 例The concerned doctor rang the leader concerned.这位焦急的医生给相关领导打了个电话。 ①concern vt.使担忧;牵涉;与……有关;(对……)感兴趣n.担心,忧虑;关爱,关心;重要的事;公司,企业 concern oneself about/with sth.对某事感兴趣;关心某事;担心某事 (express) concern(s) for/about/over...(表达)对……的担心/关切 例She concerns herself about/with voluntary work.她关心志愿工作。 The report expressed concern for/about/over food safety.该报告表达了对食品安全的担忧。 ②concerning prep.关于;有关;涉及 例I received a letter concerning the meeting.我收到了一封有关这次会议的信。 Parents are all concerned about/for their children.父母都关心自己的孩子。 This book is concerned with how to learn English.这本书是关于如何学习英语的。 Many people are concerned about/for the security of online transactions.很多人担心网上交易的安全性。 As far as I am concerned, both health and wealth are important to our life.依我看,健康和财富对我们的生活都很重要。 知识点22 contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);捐赠,捐献;(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿 ①contribute to造成,促成,有助于;是……的原因之一;捐献,捐助;为……做出贡献 ②contribute...to ...把……捐献给……;为……贡献……;给……撰稿;向……投稿 ①contribution n.捐款;捐赠;贡献;稿件 make a contribution to...为……做出贡献;给……捐款 例From her, I learned that only with persistence could I overcome difficulties and make a contribution to society. 从她身上,我学到只有坚持不懈我才能克服困难,为社会做出贡献。 ②contributor n.捐助者;做出贡献者;投稿人,撰稿人;促成因素 Each worker contributed a dollar to the Red Cross.每个工人都给红十字会捐献了一美元。 She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给该杂志撰写了一些文章。 Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。 I believe that every Chinese can contribute to the Chinese Dream.我相信每个中国人都能够为中国梦做出贡献。 The student volunteers contributed their own time to helping exchange students.这些学生志愿者贡献自己的时间来帮助交换生。 Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.孤独是一种严重的社会问题,可能导致抑郁甚至犯罪。 知识点23 倍数表达法 常见的倍数表达法句式: ①A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级   /副词原级+as+B ②倍数+as many/much+可数名词复数/不可数名词+as ③A+谓语+倍数+形容词比较级/副词比较级  +than+B ④A+谓语+倍数+the+度量名词(size /length/height/depth/width/weight/...)+of+B ⑤A+谓语+倍数+what  从句 表示两倍时,可以用副词twice或形容词double;表示三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。 此外,还可以用half、分数、百分数等表示倍数。 例The new stadium is three times the size of the previous one.新体育场是之前那个的三倍大。 Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山,大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。 In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说,女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。 The electronic waste increases three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.总的来说,电子垃圾的增长速度是传统垃圾的三倍。 The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。 知识点23 现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语的基本用法 用法归纳1 1.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,所表示的动作往往与句子主语之间存在主动关系。 2.现在分词作状语常常用来表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。现在分词(短语)作状语时往往可以和状语从句进行转换,一般不用作目的状语。 Hearing the noise, I turned round.=When I heard the noise, I turned round.听到响声,我转过身。 Being too young, he couldn’t join the army.=Because he was too young, he couldn’t join the army.因为太年轻,他不能参军。 Working hard, you’ll succeed.=If you work hard, you’ll succeed.如果你努力工作,你会成功的。 He walked along the river, singing softly to himself.他沿着河一边走,一边轻声哼着歌。 His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan.他的父母在战争中死亡,使他成了孤儿。 Approving of what she said, I still think that she didn’t try her best.=Although/Though/While I approved of what she said, I still think that she didn’t try her best.尽管同意她说的话,但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。 用法归纳2 作时间状语的现在分词前有时可以加上when、while、once等连词,构成“连词+现在分词”结构,相当于一种状语从句的省略形式。 While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.在等公共汽车的时候,他读了一份《中国日报》。 特别提醒 状语从句的省略:当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词。 He continued to write while (he was) in hospital.他住院时仍继续写作。 二、注意事项 1.现在分词的时态形式和语态形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 情景导学 Following the guide, we walked through the forest.跟着向导,我们步行穿过了森林。 Having lived abroad for many years, I was eager to return to my homeland. 在国外生活了很多年,我渴望回到我的祖国。 用法归纳 1.现在分词作状语时,若现在分词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,则用现在分词的一般式。 2.现在分词作状语时,若现在分词表示的动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生,则用现在分词的完成式。 2.现在分词的否定形式 用法归纳 现在分词作状语时,其否定形式是在前面加not。 Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay at home.由于没有被邀请参加聚会,她只好待在家里。 3.现在分词的独立主格结构 用法归纳 当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,通常用独立主格结构,也就是在现在分 词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 The train having gone, we had to wait another day.火车已经开走了,我们不得不再等一天。 知识点24 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词,二者都可以作定语,但用法和意义有所不同。 一、现在分词和动名词作定语的用法 用法归纳 1.现在分词作定语时,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的 主动关系,常表示主动或正在进行的动作,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句。 2.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于由for构成的介词短语。 The boy playing football in the playground is my younger brother.=The boy that/who is playing football in the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room (=the room for reading).阅览室里谁也不准大声说话。 二、现在分词和动名词作定语时的位置 用法归纳 1.单个的现在分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前 ;现在分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰词之后。 2.动名词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前。 You should adapt to the changing situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。 The man watching TV in the living room is my uncle.在客厅看电视的人是我的叔叔。 The boy is swimming in the swimming pool.那个男孩正在游泳池里游泳。 三、注意事项 用法归纳1 作前置定语的现在分词大都是已经形容词化的现在分词,其前常有程度副词, 有的本身还有比较级和最高级形式等。常见的作前置定语的现在分词有exciting、interesting、surprising、annoying、frightening、amusing等。 He brought us a very interesting book.他给我们带来了一本非常有趣的书。 用法归纳2 现在分词的完成式(即having done/having been done)一般不作定语。 The students who have seen the film are coming out of the cinema.(√) The students having seen the film are coming out of the cinema.(×)看完电影的学生们正走出电影院。 用法归纳3 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别:现在分词作定语表示正在进行的、主动的动作;过去分词作定语表示 被动或完成意义;不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。 People waiting for the bus often shelter from the rain in my doorway.等公共汽车的人经常在我家门口躲雨。 I like listening to songs sung by Jackson.我喜欢听杰克逊唱的歌。 You are the right person to do the job.你是做这项工作的合适人选。 知识点25现在分词和过去分词作补足语 现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语。当原来的主动句变为被动句时,原来作宾语补足语的内容就转变成主语补足语。此处重点讲解现在分词和过去 分词作宾语补足语的用法。 一、现在分词作宾语补足语 用法归纳1 现在分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系,表示正在进行的主动动作或经常存在的状态。 I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。 用法归纳2 现在分词常作以下动词的宾语补足语或用在以下结构中作宾语补足语: (1)作感官动词(短语),如see、hear 、smell、look at、listen to、notice、observe、feel、find等的宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。 (2)作表示指使意义的使役动词,如have、 get、leave、keep等的宾语补足语,表示“让……一直做……”。 (3)用于with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾语补足语)中。 At the station, they heard people talking in French.在车站,他们听到人们在用法语交流。 Facing the crowd,I found myself suffering from stage fright.面对人群,我发现自己怯场。 Don’t have the students studying all day.不要让学生们一整天都在学习。 She nodded, with tears of happiness steaming down her face.她点点头,幸福的泪水从脸上流下。 特别提醒 感官动词后跟现在分词与跟不定式作宾语补足语的区别:跟现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行,跟不定式(常为省略to的不定式)作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程。 I saw her dancing in the classroom.我看到她正在教室里跳舞。 I saw her dance in the classroom.我看到她在教室里跳舞了。 二、过去分词作宾语补足语 用法归纳1 过去分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动 关系,表示被动或完成意义,有时两者兼有。 I heard the song sung by her.我听见这首歌被她唱过。 用法归纳2 过去分词常作以下动词的宾语补足语或用在以下结构中作宾语补足语: (1)作感官动词(短语),如see、hear、smell、notice、observe、watch、feel、find、look at、listen to等的宾语补足语。 (2)作表示指使意义的使役动词,如have、get、make、keep、leave等的宾语补足语。 (3)表示意愿、命令等和表示心理状态的动词:like、want、wish、expect、order、think、 suppose、 consider等。 (4)用在with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾语补足语)中。 I saw your wallet stolen by a thief.我看见你的钱包被一个小偷偷了。 They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.他们设法通过使用很简单的英语使自己被理解了。 The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。 She considered the matter settled.她认为这件事已经解决了。 With everything done, her face shone with a sweet smile.一切都完成后,她的脸上绽放出甜美的笑容。 特别提醒 “have+宾语+过去分词”可以表示三种含义:一是“主语请别人做某事”,二是“……遭遇某种不幸”,三是“某人自己(参与)完成某事”。 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken.我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍张照片。 Mr. White had his house broken into yesterday.怀特先生家昨天被盗了。 I have my homework finished as quickly as possible.我尽快完成了作业。 基础通关练（测试时间：20分钟） 单句语法填空 1.Environmentalists are protecting the endangered animals in the area in 　　　　　(combine) with the locals.  2.(2025安徽皖江名校联考) What began as a terrible thing gave me time and space to learn about personal development and 　　　　　(transform).  3.(2021北京)Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved,the 　　　　　(emotion) response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.  4.(2025广东佛山期中)When you feel good physically, you're more likely to perform well in other areas of your life, so it's 　　　　　(incredible) important to build healthy habits into your daily routine.  5.(2025江苏常州期中) By combining tradition 　　　　　 modernization, museums are not only preserving history but also shaping the future of cultural participation.  6.The doctor advised me to keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise so as to keep fit and 　　　　　(energy).  7.(2025甘肃白银期中)After years of hard work, Kareem has not only realized his dream but transformed a piece of deserted property 　　　　　 beautiful forest as well.  8.(2023全国甲)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine 　　　　　(combine) with modern cooking methods.  9.He would arrange 　　　　　 others 　　　　　(look) after the children in the welfare home when he was not available.  10.(2023全国甲)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 　　　　　 saving their environment.   11.(2025河南南阳月考) The Olympic weightlifting competition mainly tests the limit of 　　　　　(explode) strength.  12.There was a 　　　　　(disappoint) look on her face when she saw the result.  13.(2025广东深圳期中)The game's high-quality production and authentic English subtitles help accurately communicate the emotions of the 　　　　　(origin) novel.  14.The two prisoners are said 　　　　　(escape), and the police are searching for them.  15.(2022全国甲)Throughout her career(职业) as a 　　　　　(profession) dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further.  16.(2025黑龙江大庆期末)He was impossible to make a comment 　　　　　 the topic. It seemed as if he had a frog in his throat.  17.In brief, we may suffer from many setbacks in our quest 　　　　　 the truth.  18.(2025江苏扬州月考)When I returned home, I determined 　　　　　(devote) more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure.  19.①He is experienced and used to 　　　　　 (make) arrangements before the boss asks him to.  ②(2025广东汕头期中)Researchers hope that their results will be used 　　　　　(lower) stress and improve the welfare of captive, hoofed animals.  20.(2025江苏无锡期中)The health issues 　　　　　(arise) from pollution in the city are a major concern for citizens.  21.It's time to go　　　　　. Please hurry up, or you will miss the train.   22.(2025陕西商洛月考)It's necessary to feed and cheer 　　　　　 the pets in order to keep them healthy and active.  23.When I was about to stop running and quit the race, I heard the whole class cheering me　　　　　, which gave me great strength to continue.  24.(2021北京)Interestingly, the more　　　　　(cheer) the music was, the faster their heart rates were.  25.Now that you have　　　　　 (mass) of work to do, you don't have to help me with the housework.   26.(2023新课标Ⅱ)They had to move to Virginia but they were 　　　　　 a very tight budget.  27.(2025湖南名校联考期中)The number of car accidents, which had been going down for years, is now going up 　　　　　(dramatic).  28.It is said that the building 　　　　　(construct) will function as an art gallery.  29.　　　　　 (fortunate), we managed to stay within our budget for the school trip and still afford some meaningful souvenirs.   30.(2020北京)Positive thinking has several beneficial effects 　　　　　 the body and the mind.  31.However, the two zookeepers didn't want to see the 　　　　　 (extinct) of this precious species.  32.I see libraries 　　　　　 a safe place for readers and writers, and a bridge that helps connect a reader with a book.  33.The little girl was very 　　　　　 when she saw the 　　　　　 snake lying on the ground and she was almost 　　　　　 to death. (scare)  34.Finally he reached a lonely island which 　　　　　 (cut) off from the outside world.  35.Closer cooperation between the school and parents can contribute 　　　　　 students' better school performance.   36.The forest was 　　　　　 (severe) damaged by the wildfire, leaving many animals with no choice but to quit their homes.  37.One of my previous classmates mistook my older sister 　　　　　 me yesterday, because we are twins and look very similar.  38.Renewable energy sources, like wind and solar power, are 　　　　　 the majority in the discussions about sustainable development worldwide.  39.All the staff in the company are 　　　　　 with the meetings 　　　　　 their interests.(concern)  40.The government started a mass of campaigns to save electricity and urged people 　　　　　 (do) their part.  41.He 　　　　　 much money to remote schools and made great 　　　　　 to the development of education there.(contribute)  42.This city's energy system is now three times 　　　　　(sustainable) than it was a decade ago, thanks to the use of renewable resources.  1.【答案】combination　 【详解】考查名词。句意:环保主义者正在与当地人一起保护该地区的濒危动物。根据空前的介词in可知空处应用名词;in combination with意为“与……联合”,符合语境,故填combination。 2. 【答案】transformation　 【详解】考查名词。句意:一开始很糟糕的事情给了我时间和空间去了解个人发展和转变。由空前的development and可知空处应用名词与development并列作learn about的宾语,表示“转变”,故填transformation。 3. 【答案】emotional　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:最近的研究表明,如果争论得到解决,与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。由空后的名词response可知空处应用形容词作定语;emotional response意为“情绪反应”,故填emotional。 4. 【答案】incredibly　 【详解】考查副词。句意:当你身体感觉良好时,你才更有可能在生活的其他方面表现良好,所以在日常生活中养成健康的习惯是非常重要的。修饰形容词important应用副词。 5. 【答案】with　 【详解】考查介词。句意:通过把传统与现代化结合,博物馆不仅保存了历史,而且塑造了文化参与的未来。combine...with...意为“把……与……结合”,故填with。 6. 【答案】energetic　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:医生建议我要保持均衡饮食,并经常锻炼身体,以便保持健康和活力。空处与fit并列,作keep的表语,应用形容词,表示“充满活力的,精力充沛的”,故填energetic。 7. 【答案】into　 【详解】考查介词。句意:经过多年的努力,Kareem不仅实现了他的梦想,还把一片荒芜的土地变成了美丽的森林。transform...into...为固定搭配,意为“把……转变成……”。故填into。 8. 【答案】combined　 【详解】考查过去分词。句意:这个美丽的殖民时期的房子的菜单包括与现代烹饪方法相结合的传统泰国菜。combine...with/and...把……与……结合起来。设空处作后置定语,修饰traditional Thai cuisine;traditional Thai cuisine与combine之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。 9. 【答案】for;to look　 【详解】考查介词和动词不定式。句意:当他没空的时候,他会安排别人照顾福利院的孩子。arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事。 10. 【答案】for　 【详解】考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,教导人们必须承担起拯救环境的责任。take responsibility for doing sth.是固定搭配,意为 “承担做某事的责任”。 11. 【答案】explosive　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:奥运会举重比赛主要考验的是爆发力的极限。空处修饰空后的名词strength,应用形容词作定语。explosive strength意为“爆发力”。 12. 【答案】disappointed　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:当她看到结果时,她的脸上有失望的表情。设空处修饰空后的名词look,应用形容词作定语;由语境可知设空处意为“失望的”,故填disappointed。 13. 【答案】original　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:游戏的高品质制作和地道的英文字幕有助于准确传达原著小说的情感。由空后的名词novel可知空处应用形容词作定语;original novel意为“原著小说”,符合语境,故填original。 14. 【答案】to have escaped　 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:据说那两名囚犯已经逃跑了,警察正在搜捕他们。sb. be said to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“据说某人做某事”,此处应用动词不定式;根据句意可知,囚犯逃跑的动作发生在人们听说这件事之前,应用不定式的完成式,故填to have escaped。 15. 【答案】professional　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:在她作为职业舞者的职业生涯中,她在英国巡演,但一直渴望进一步探索。空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词dancer;表示“职业的”,故填professional。 16. 【答案】about/on　 【详解】考查介词。句意:他无法对这个话题发表评论,他好像声音嘶哑了。make a comment about/on...为固定搭配,意为“对……作出评论”。故填about或on。 17. 【答案】for　 【详解】考查介词。句意:简言之,我们在追求真相的过程中可能会遭受许多挫折。the quest for sth.对……的追求。故填for。 18. 【答案】to devote　 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:回到家后,我决定把更多的时间花在实验室之外我喜欢做的事情上,尤其是为了快乐而阅读。determine to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“决定做某事”。故填to devote。 19. 【答案】①making　 【详解】考查动名词。句意:他经验丰富,习惯于在老板要求之前就做好安排。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”,其中to为介词。故填making。 ②to lower　 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:研究人员希望他们的研究结果将被用来减轻圈养的、有蹄类动物的压力,并改善它们的福祉。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”,此处的to为不定式符号。故填to lower。 20. 【答案】arising　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。 句意:城市污染引起的健康问题是市民们关心的一个主要问题。句中已有系动词are,空处应用非谓语动词形式。“　　　 from pollution in the city”作定语修饰空前的名词issues;issues与arise from之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。  21. 【答案】aboard　 【详解】考查固定短语。句意:该上车了。请快点,否则你会错过火车的。go aboard上船/上飞机/上火车等。 22. 【答案】up　 【详解】考查副词。句意:喂养和鼓舞宠物是必要的,以保持它们的健康和活跃。cheer up...使……高兴起来,使……振奋起来。 23. 【答案】on　 【详解】考查副词。句意:当我就要停止跑步并放弃比赛时,我听到全班同学都在为我加油,这给了我巨大的力量继续比赛。cheer sb. on为固定搭配,意为“为某人加油”。故填on。 24. 【答案】cheerful　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:有趣的是,音乐越欢快,他们的心率就越快。分析句子结构可知,此句使用了“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构,表示“越……就越……”。设空处与空前的more一起构成比较级,再结合空后的was可知此处应用形容词作was的表语。由句意可知设空处表示“欢快的”,故填cheerful。 25. 【答案】masses　 【详解】考查固定短语。句意:既然你有一大堆工作要做,你就不必帮我做家务了。masses of大量,许多。 26. 【答案】on　 【详解】考查介词。句意:他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚,但他们的预算非常紧张。be on a tight budget意为“预算紧张”。 27. 【答案】dramatically　 【详解】考查副词。句意:多年来一直下降的车祸数量现在正急剧上升。空处修饰动词短语going up,应用副词作状语,表示“急剧地,剧烈地”,故填dramatically。 28. 【答案】being constructed　 【详解】考查现在分词的被动式作定语。句意:据说正在建造的那座建筑将被用作美术馆。设空处作定语修饰building;根据句意可知construct表示的动作正在进行,building与construct之间为被动关系,因此用现在分词的被动式。 29. 【答案】Fortunately　 【详解】考查副词。空处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词,表示“幸运地,幸好”,且位于句首,首字母需大写,故填Fortunately。 30. 【答案】on/upon　 【详解】考查介词。句意:积极思考对身体和思想有多种益处。have a(n)...effect on/upon...为固定搭配,意为“对……有……影响”。故填on或upon。 31. 【答案】extinction　 【详解】考查名词。句意:然而,这两位动物园管理员不希望看到这一珍贵物种灭绝。根据空前的the和空后的of可知设空处应用名词作动词see的宾语。此处表示“灭绝”,故填extinction。 32. 【答案】as　 【详解】考查介词。句意:我将图书馆看作读者和作者的避风港,一座帮助把读者与图书联系到一起的桥梁。see...as...为固定搭配,意为“把……看作……”。故填as。 33. 【答案】scared;scary;scared　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:小女孩看到那条躺在地上的吓人的蛇时非常害怕,她几乎被吓死了。第一空作系动词was的表语,空前有very修饰,且由句意可知,第一空表示“害怕的”,应用修饰人的形容词scared。第二空作定语,修饰空后的名词snake,表示“吓人的”,应用scary。固定搭配be scared to death意为“被吓得要死”,故第三空填scared。 34. 【答案】was cut　 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:最终他到达了一个与世隔绝的、人迹罕至的岛上。分析句子结构可知,“which...the outside world”为which引导的定语从句,which代替先行词a lonely island在定语从句中作主语,先行词是第三人称单数,则从句谓语用第三人称单数形式。定语从句的主语与固定搭配cut...off from...(使……与……隔断/绝)之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;由语境和主句谓语reached可知,从句应用一般过去时。故填was cut。 35. 【答案】to　 【详解】考查介词。句意:学校和父母之间更密切的合作有助于学生在学校表现得更好。contribute to为固定搭配,意为“促成,有助于”。故填to。 36. 【答案】severely　 【详解】考查副词。句意:森林被野火严重破坏,导致许多动物别无选择,只好离开它们的家。修饰动词damaged要用副词作状语,表示“严重地”,故填severely。 37. 【答案】for　 【详解】考查介词。句意:昨天,我以前的一位同班同学把我姐姐错当成我了,因为我们是双胞胎,而且看起来很像。由句意可知此处使用了固定搭配“mistake...for...”,意为“把……错当成……”。故填for。 38. 【答案】in　 【详解】考查介词。句意:像风能和太阳能这样的可再生能源在全球关于可持续发展的讨论中占据了主导地位。be in a/the majority是固定短语,意为“占大多数”。故填in。 39. 【答案】concerned;concerning　 【详解】考查形容词和介词。句意:公司里的所有员工都很关心有关他们利益的会议。由句意可知,第一空使用的是固定搭配“be concerned with”,意为“关心/关注……”,故填形容词concerned;第二空作后置定语,表示“有关,涉及”,应用介词concerning。 40. 【答案】to do　 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:政府发起了许多节约用电的活动,并敦促人们履行职责。urge sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“力劝/敦促某人做某事”。故填to do。 41. 【答案】contributed;contributions　 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意:他向偏远学校捐了很多钱,为那儿的教育发展做出了很大的贡献。由句意和后面的made可知,第一空用一般过去时。第二空前为形容词,空处应用名词作made的宾语,且contribute的名词形式contribution意为“贡献”时为可数名词,空前无冠词等限定词,应用其复数形式。make contributions to...意为“为……做出贡献”。 42. 【答案】more sustainable　 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:由于使用了可再生资源,现在这座城市能源系统的可持续性是十年前的三倍。分析句子结构可知句中含有“倍数+比较级+than”结构,应用形容词sustainable的比较级形式。故填more sustainable。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） A 一．用现在分词(短语)作状语改写下列句子 1.If you listen to English every day, you'll learn it well step by step. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.When we were approaching the city center, we saw a stone statue about 10 meters in height. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  3.Though he had been told many times, he still didn't correct his mistake. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  4.If time permits, we'll visit the spot again. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  5.After we had been shown around the labs, we were taken to see the library. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  二．根据括号中的汉语提示用现在分词短语完成语段 　　1.　　　　　　(听到消息) about the Asian Games, Alice applied to be a volunteer in her college in Hangzhou. Her parents supported what she did, 2.　　　　　　　　(使她更有信心). Though tired, she still did a very good job. 3.　　　　　　　　　　(被认为是最出色的志愿者), Alice was well known in the college then.  一． 【答案】1.Listening to English every day, you'll learn it well step by step.　2.When approaching the city center, we saw a stone statue about 10 meters in height.　3.Having been told many times, he still didn't correct his mistake. 4.Time permitting, we'll visit the spot again.　5.Having been shown around the labs, we were taken to see the library. 二． 【答案】1.Hearing/Having heard the news　2.making her more confident　3.Being considered as the most excellent volunteer B 一 .单句语法填空 1.The programme aims to educate students and prepare students for a 　　　　　(challenge) career.  2.Last night, there were millions of people 　　　　　(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.  3.They set up 　　　　　(operate) tables and operated on the injured immediately.   4.(2025天津期末)The recipe, 　　　　　(consist) of simple ingredients such as flour, sugar, and eggs, is easy to follow.  5.(2024浙江1月)Children's Theatre has a study guide 　　　　　(demonstrate) how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer”.  二．同义句转换 1.This is one of the problems which are being discussed at the meeting at present. →This is one of the problems　　　　 　　　　 at the meeting at present.  2.The opera that will be performed next week is based on a true story. →The opera　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 next week is based on a true story.  3.The man who is taking a walk in the playground is my English teacher. →The man　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is my English teacher.  4.The man who lives in the faraway village rarely sees subways. →The man　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 rarely sees subways.  三．根据括号中的汉语提示完成语段 　　An old woman 1.　　　　　　 (背着包的) was walking along the street and was hit by a car 2.　　　　　　 (从相反方向来的). People 3.　　　　　　 (路过的) all came to help the old lady, but the car 4.　　　　　　 (撞倒她的) ran away quickly. Fortunately,people 5.　　　　　　 (提供帮助的) called the police and the driver was caught at last.  一．1.【答案】challenging　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:这个项目力求教育学生,使其为一个具有挑战性的职业做好准备。设空处修饰空后的名词career,作定语;由句意可知设空处表示“富有挑战性的”,结合提示词challenge可知此处应用其现在分词形式challenging作定语,challenging为形容词化的现在分词。 2. 【答案】watching　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:昨晚,有数百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的现场直播。句中已有谓语动词were,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。“　　　 the opening ceremony live on TV”作后置定语,修饰空前的名词people, people与watch之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。  3. 【答案】operating　 【详解】考查动名词作定语。此处表示“搭起手术台”,设空处作定语修饰名词tables,表示用途,故用动名词形式。 4. 【答案】consisting　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:这个食谱由面粉、糖和鸡蛋等简单的原料组成,很容易操作。句子有系动词is,空处应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰The recipe。consist of意为“由……组成”,作后置定语时应用现在分词,故填consisting。 5. 【答案】demonstrating　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:儿童剧院有一份学习指南,展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。分析句子可知,how引导宾语从句,主句中有谓语has,空处应用非谓语动词。“　　　 how...through ‘Tom Sawyer’”作定语修饰a study guide,且a study guide与demonstrate之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。故填demonstrating。  二． 【答案】1.being discussed　2.to be performed　3.taking a walk in the playground　4.living in the faraway village 三． 【答案】1.carrying a bag　2.coming from the opposite direction3.passing by　4.having knocked her down　5.offering help C 一．单句语法填空 1.(2022全国甲)When I saw Usain Bolt 　　　　　 (run) in 2012 London Olympics, I was amazed.  2.The old couple often have a walk after supper in the park built last year, with their pet dog　　　　　 (follow) them.  3.(2025四川宜宾期末)He found Mark 　　　　　 (sit) alone outside, his eyes downcast.  4.The shy girl raised her voice to make herself　　　　　 (hear).  5.Before boarding the flight, you are required to get your luggage 　　　　　 (check).  二．完成句子 1.当他抬头看时,他发现朵朵白云在蔚蓝的天空中流动,就像鱼儿在海洋中游泳。(“find+宾语+宾补”;flow) When he looked up, he　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the blue sky just like fish swimming in the ocean. 2.看到我陷入如此困境,爸爸很惊讶,不过惊讶很快就变成了笑声。(“see+宾语+宾补”;catch) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in such a difficult situation, Dad was surprised, but soon surprise was transformed into laughter.　  3.由于项目提前完成,团队有时间为董事会准备一份详细的报告。(with的复合结构;complete) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 ahead of schedule, the team had time to prepare a detailed presentation for the board.  一．1.【答案】running　 【详解】考查现在分词作宾补。句意:当我看到尤塞恩·博尔特在2012年伦敦奥运会上跑步时,我惊呆了。由句意可知,此处表示“看见某人正在做某事”,应用现在分词作宾补,构成“see sb. doing sth.”结构。故填running。 2. 【答案】following　 【详解】考查现在分词作宾补。句意:这对老夫妻晚饭后经常在去年修建的公园散步,他们的宠物狗跟着他们。此处使用的是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,作状语,宾语their pet dog和动词follow之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补。故填following。 3. 【答案】sitting　 【详解】考查现在分词作宾补。句意:他发现马克独自坐在外面,目光低垂。此处使用的是“find+宾语+宾补”结构,且宾语Mark和动词sit之间为主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补,表示“发现某人正在做某事”。故填sitting。 4. 【答案】heard　 【详解】考查过去分词作宾补。句意:这个害羞的女孩提高了她的嗓音,以使自己被别人听见。此处使用的是“make+宾语+宾补”结构,且宾语herself和动词hear之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填heard。 5. 【答案】checked　 【详解】考查过去分词作宾补。句意:在登上班机之前,你的行李要接受检查。此处使用的是“get+宾语+宾补”结构,且宾语your luggage和动词check之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故填checked。 二． 【答案】1.found white clouds flowing　2.Seeing me caught3.With the project completed 综合拓展练（测试时间：15分钟） （1） (2025河南郑州期末) 　　Every year the world unites together on World Animal Day on October 4 to improve the treatment and well-being of animals. 　　 It started in 1931 in Florence, Italy when ecologists joined together to raise public 　1　(aware) of endangered species. Since then, the yearly event 　2　(use) as a means of connecting animal welfare organizations, businesses, community groups and individuals to raise funds for causes like animal care and endangered species protection.  　　 In the past 20 years, China has done much 　3　(improve) animal welfare. The biggest symbol of China's official protection of animals can be found in the Wildlife Protection Law, first 　4　(sign) in 1988 and revised several times over the years. The law is aimed at protecting endangered species as well as 　5　(ensure) a balance between the needs of wild animals and people.   　　This balance is　6　(evidence) in the case of Asian elephants, endangered due 　7　 hunting for their tusks (象牙). Asian elephants in China are mostly found in Yunnan Province. A variety of difficulties have appeared as the government has tried to strike 　8　 balance between protecting the endangered elephants and making up for farmers 　9　 crops are damaged by these wild animals. Through changes to the law, the government has improved harmony between locals and wildlife 　10　(positive). More measures will be taken to improve wildlife habitats.  　　In the spirit of World Animal Day, let's think of more ways to better protect animals, shall we? 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界动物日的由来、意义以及中国在动物保护方面的努力。 1. 【答案】awareness　 【详解】考查名词。根据空前的raise和空后的of可知空处需用名词作raise的宾语。raise public awareness of...意为“提高公众的……意识”,符合语境。故填awareness。 2. 【答案】has been used　 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,the yearly event为句子主语,空处为句子的谓语。根据“Since then”可知,句子需用现在完成时;主语the yearly event与use之间是被动关系,需用被动语态。主语是第三人称单数形式,故填has been used。 3. 【答案】to improve　 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:过去20年里,中国做了很多努力来改善动物福利。much在句中作代词,指代中国做出的种种努力。结合语境可知空处表目的,应用动词不定式。故填to improve。 4. 【答案】signed　 【详解】考查过去分词。句意:中国官方保护动物的最大标志是《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》,该法于1988年首次签署,多年来进行了多次修订。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语can be found,空处应用非谓语动词,作后置定语,修饰the Wildlife Protection Law。the Wildlife Protection Law与sign之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作定语,与revised并列。故填signed。 5. 【答案】ensuring　 【详解】考查动名词。句意:该法律旨在保护濒危物种,并确保野生动物和人类需求之间的平衡。设空处与protecting为as well as连接的并列成分,共同作介词at的宾语,提示词为动词,应用其动名词形式作宾语,故填ensuring。be aimed at doing sth.旨在做某事。 6. 【答案】evident　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:这种平衡在亚洲象的案例中是显而易见的,亚洲象由于被猎取象牙而濒临灭绝。由语境可知设空处需用形容词作表语,表示主语This balance的特征,意为“明显的”,故填evident。 7. 【答案】to　 【详解】考查介词。句意同上。due to意为“由于”。故填to。 8. 【答案】a　 【详解】考查冠词。句意:政府试图在保护濒危大象和补偿其农作物遭到这些野生动物破坏的农民之间取得平衡,但期间遇到了各种各样的困难。strike a balance between...and...意为“使……与……达到平衡”。故填a。 9. 【答案】whose　 【详解】考查关系代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,“　9　 crops are damaged by these wild animals”为设空处引导的定语从句,修饰先行词farmers。根据句意可知,crops与先行词farmers之间是所属关系,需用关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。故填whose。  10. 【答案】positively　 【详解】考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词has improved,需用副词作状语。positively意为“积极地”,符合语境。故填positively。 （2） (2025重庆期末) 　　Bao Yawei, 26, turned to AI apps earlier this year to streamline trip planning for her holiday. She noted that tools such as ChatGPT helped outline travel routes 　1　(powerful) and praised AI “tourism assistants” for their ability 　2　(choose) from information, which simplified the process. “I used to switch from one app to another, checking the related information of some tourist 　3　(attract). Now, all I need to do is to type in my needs, after 　4　 I will get a route highlighted with some must-go spots and good restaurants,” Bao said.  　　　5　 imperfections in AI-generated travel plans, she stressed their practical use for non-demanding travelers who try out new technologies to ease their traveling burdens. Many companies are seeking to improve their AI tourism services. VISIOTRIP, a tourism tech company 　6　(establish) in 2021, is combining AI with travel services. Through its app “Huanmeng Travel”, users interact with the AI assistant “Emily”, which offers real-time travel guidance and tailored trips based on users' interest, with its services 　7　(cover) more than 50 domestic and overseas destinations.  　　As someone puts it, it's now a trend to apply AI technology to tourism services. AI technology is developing fast, 　8　 time is needed to perfect it. A notice 　9　(release) by five central departments in May to encourage governments and companies to improve China's smart tourism, hoping that more tourists would find their trips more convenient and 　10　(benefit).  语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了26岁的Bao Yawei借助人工智能应用程序来简化她的假期旅行计划,感受到了人工智能带来的便利,文章还提到将人工智能技术应用于旅游服务是一种趋势。 1. 【答案】powerfully　 【详解】考查副词。空处作状语,应用副词,表示“有力地”,故填powerfully。 2. 【答案】to choose　 【详解】考查动词不定式。the ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”,不定式作后置定语,修饰ability。故填to choose。 3. 【答案】attractions　 【详解】考查名词。根据空前的of some可知空处应用名词,作介词of的宾语;attract的名词attraction表示“有吸引力的事物或人”时为可数名词,由“some”和语境可知,应用复数。故填attractions。 4. 【答案】which　 【详解】考查定语从句。句意:……现在,我所需要做的就是输入我的需求,然后我就会得到一条标有一些必去景点和好餐馆的路线……。“after 　4　 I will get a route...restaurants”为“介词after+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,设空处在从句中作介词after的宾语,应用关系代词which。故填which。  5. 【答案】Despite　 【详解】考查介词。句意:尽管人工智能生成的旅行计划存在不完善之处,但她强调,对于那些尝试新技术以减轻旅行负担的非苛刻旅行者来说,它们具有实际用途。空处无提示词,由空后的名词imperfections和语境可知空处应用介词despite,表示“尽管”;空处位于句首,首字母需大写,故填Despite。 6. 【答案】established　 【详解】考查过去分词。句意:成立于2021年的旅游科技公司“视旅科技”正在将人工智能与旅游服务相结合。根据谓语is combining可知,空处应用非谓语动词形式。a tourism tech company与establish之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填established。 7. 【答案】covering　 【详解】考查现在分词。句意:通过其应用程序“欢萌旅行”,用户与人工智能助手“艾米丽”互动,该人工智能助手根据用户的兴趣提供实时旅行指导和特制的旅行,服务覆盖五十多个国内外目的地。分析句子结构可知,which引导定语从句,主句谓语动词为interact,空处应用非谓语动词形式。“with its services 　7　 more than 50 domestic and overseas destinations”为with的复合结构,空处作宾补,宾语its services与cover之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词,故填covering。  8. 【答案】but　 【详解】考查连词。句意:人工智能技术正在快速发展,但需要时间来完善它。空处应用连词,连接两个并列分句;由语境可知,空前提到快速发展,空后说需要完善,空前后的两个分句之间为转折关系,故填but。 9. 【答案】was released　 【详解】考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:中央五部门在五月份发布通知,鼓励政府和企业提高中国的智慧旅游水平,希望更多的游客能觉得他们的旅行更方便、更有益。由时间状语in May和从句中的would可知应用一般过去时,表示过去的事。主句主语A notice与release(发布)之间为被动关系,表示“通知被发布”,应用被动语态;主语为单数,故填was released。 10. 【答案】beneficial　 【详解】考查形容词。句意同上。“find their trips...　10　”为“find+宾语+宾补”结构,their trips为宾语,设空处与形容词convenient并列作宾补,应用形容词;beneficial为形容词,表示“有益的”,符合语境。故填beneficial。  1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $