Unit8 People and Events（A卷· 基础巩固）-《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）同步过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 紧扣《英语基础模块1》Unit8“People and Events”，A卷基础巩固，覆盖语音、词汇、语法、阅读及书面表达核心考点，贴合考纲真题题型，助力单元复习与语言能力夯实。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语音辨音|5/5|基础词汇发音|基础词汇辨音，巩固语音基础| |单项选择|25/25|Unit8人物相关词汇、语法（介词、时态等）|结合单元主题人物，强化基础语法词汇应用| |完形填空|10/15|日常词汇、上下文理解|贴近生活情境（健康饮食），培养语篇理解能力| |语法填空|5/10|情态动词等语法|语法应用与生活主题结合，提升语言运用能力| |阅读理解|15/37.5|单元主题人物事迹（詹天佑、爱迪生等）|通过中外名人故事渗透文化意识，提升阅读能力| |补全对话|5/12.5|日常交际用语|结合发明主题，强化口语交际能力| |书面表达|1/15|写作结构与表达|结合个人经历，提升语言表达和思维品质|

编写说明：本套《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，每套试题完全贴合真题题型和最新考纲。A卷为基础卷，偏简单，侧重考点；B卷为能力提升卷，在基础上加深难度，但不会超纲，助力师生高效把握教学重点，与高考真题接轨。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit8 People and Events的单元测试卷，考查语音、词汇、语法、情景交际、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events A卷·基础巩固 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第一部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分 55 分） 第一节 语音辨音（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 从下列每组单词中，选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 1.A. salad B. apple C. cake D. happy 2.A. meat B. tea C. bread D. eat 3.A. coffee B. nose C. home D. hope 4.A. milk B. rice C. fish D. sit 5.A. lunch B. cute C. cup D. duck 第二节 单项选择（共 25 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 25 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6.Zhan Tianyou is known ______ his great work in railway history. A. as B. for C. to D. with 7. The Jingzhang Railway was completed ______ 1909. A. on B. in C. at D. for 8.He showed an interest ______ machines at an early age. A. At B. for C. in D. with 9.The railway went through ______ area of hills and mountains. A. A B. an C. the D. / 10.He ______ his study in the US in 1881. A. graduate B. graduated C. will graduate D. has graduated 11.We must ______ all kinds of difficulties to succeed. A. get over B. go over C. come over D. take over 12.The train runs ______ from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. A. stretches B. stretching C. stretched D. stretch 13.______ his help, we finished the work ahead of schedule. A. Under B. With C. By D. On 14.The light bulb ______ by Thomas Edison. A. Invent B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 15.Florence Nightingale is considered ______ the founder of modern nursing. A. As B. for C. to D. with 16. Cai Lun improved the ______ of paper-making. A. method B. way C. road D. path 17.Thomas Edison is famous for ______ the light bulb. A. Invent B. inventing C. invented D. to invent 18.Zhan Tianyou was the chief ______ of the Jingzhang Railway. A. Worker B. engineer C. teacher D. doctor 19.The railway was completed two years ______ schedule. A. ahead of B. in front of C. before D. behind 20.Florence Nightingale created modern ______. A. teaching B. nursing C. farming D. writing 21.We should learn ______ the great people. A. from B. to C. at D. for 22.The ______ of the Internet makes learning easier. A. Invent B. invention C. inventing D. inventor 23.Yuan Longping ______ new kinds of rice to reduce hunger. A. created B. made C. did D. invented 24.The paper ______ by Cai Lun was cheaper to make. A. invent B. invented C. inventing D. invents 25.The light bulb helps people see ______ in the dark. A. good B. well C. better D. best 26.You ______ use paper to record and share ideas. A. can B. must C. need D. should 27.I ______ live without the light bulb. It’s so useful! A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t 28.______ I visit the museum with you? A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 29.We ______ learn from great people. They set good examples for us. A. can B. should C. mustn’t D. needn’t 30.He ______ overcome all difficulties to finish the task. A. can B. must C. could D. might 第三节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Healthy eating is very important for everyone. Food gives us energy to work and study. But many students like eating fast food 31______ hamburgers and chips. They think fast food is delicious and 32______. They can buy it easily near school. However, fast food is not 33______ for our health. It has too much fat and sugar. If we eat too much fast food, we will get 34______ easily and even fall ill. We should eat more 35______ food like vegetables, fruit and whole grains. We 36______ also have good eating habits. We must have breakfast 37______ every morning. Breakfast can give us enough energy for the whole morning. We can’t 38______ breakfast. Lunch should be rich, and dinner should not be too 39______. In a word, we should choose food 40______ and keep a healthy lifestyle. 31. A. such as B. for example C. as for D. instead of 32. A. slow B. convenient C. difficult D. boring 33. A. bad B. good C. new D. cheap 34. A. thin B. strong C. fat D. happy 35. A. healthy B. spicy C. sweet D. cold 36. A. can B. may C. should D. could 37. A. on time B. in time C. at times D. all the time 38. A. have B. miss C. eat D. cook 39. A. little B. small C. much D. many 40. A. wise B. wisely C. quick D. quickly 第四节 语法填空（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 We 41______ keep healthy eating habits. We 42______ eat more vegetables and fruit. We 43______ not eat too much sweet food. When we feel hungry, we 44______ choose some fruit instead of snacks. We 45______ finish all the food on our plate and never waste food. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Zhan Tianyou is a great Chinese engineer. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province. At an early age, he showed a great interest in machines. At eleven, he went to study in the US. He studied hard and graduated from Yale University in 1881. After graduation, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan Tianyou began his work on the Jingzhang Railway. This railway was very important for China. It had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. But Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties. They worked day and night. They used new methods and solved many problems. The 200-kilometer-long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. Zhan Tianyou is called “the father of Chinese railways”. He is a hero in our hearts. 46.Where did he study when he was young? A. In China. B. In the US. C. In Japan. D. In the UK. 47.When did he begin to build the Jingzhang Railway? A. In 1861. B. In 1881. C. In 1905. D. In 1909. 48.How long is the Jingzhang Railway? A. 100 kilometers. B. 200 kilometers. C. 300 kilometers. D. 400 kilometers. 49.Why is the railway special? A. It was built by foreign engineers. B. It was the first Chinese-designed railway. C. It was the longest railway in the world. D. It was built in one year. B Florence Nightingale was a famous British nurse. She was born in 1820 in Italy. She came from a rich family. But she wanted to help sick people. She decided to become a nurse when she was young. At that time, nursing was not a good job for women. But Nightingale didn’t care. She studied nursing and worked hard. During the Crimean War, Nightingale went to the front to help the soldiers. She and her team cleaned the hospitals, took care of the sick and wounded soldiers. They worked day and night. She was called “The Lady with the Lamp” because she carried a lamp to check on the patients at night. Her work helped save many lives. After the war, she created modern nursing. She opened the first nursing school in the world. Nightingale is remembered as the founder of modern nursing. She set a good example for all nurses. 50.Where was Florence Nightingale born? A. In Italy. B. In the UK. C. In France. D. In the US. 51.What did she want to be when she was young? A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A doctor. D. A worker. 52.Why was she called “The Lady with the Lamp”? A. She liked lamps. B. She carried a lamp to see at night. C. She made lamps for soldiers. D. She sold lamps in the hospital. 53.What did she create? A. Modern medicine. B. Modern nursing. C. Modern teaching. D. Modern farming. 54.What did she open after the war? A. A hospital. B. A nursing school. C. A university. D. A factory. C Thomas Edison was a great American inventor. He was born in 1847. He was not a good student at school. His teacher thought he was not clever. But Edison loved to learn new things. He asked many questions and tried to find answers by himself. He left school when he was young and taught himself at home. Edison had over 1,000 inventions in his life. The most famous one is the light bulb. Before the light bulb, people used candles or oil lamps. They were not safe and bright. Edison worked hard to invent a better light. He tried thousands of materials. At last, he invented the first practical light bulb in 1879. The light bulb changed the world. It helped people see in the dark. People could work and study longer. Edison also invented the phonograph and many other things. He is called “the greatest inventor of all time”. 55.What did Edison’s teacher think of him? A. He was very clever. B. He was not clever. C. He was very lazy. D. He was very hard-working. 56.How many inventions did Edison have? A. Over 100. B. Over 500. C. Over 1,000. D. Over 5,000. 57.What is his most famous invention? A. The telephone. B. The light bulb. C. The computer. D. The car. 58.When did he invent the first practical light bulb? A. In 1847. B. In 1879. C. In 1900. D. In 1920. D Cai Lun was a great Chinese inventor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Before Cai Lun, people used bamboo slips or silk to write on. Bamboo slips were heavy and silk was expensive. Many people couldn’t use them. Cai Lun wanted to find a better way. He tried many materials like tree bark, rags and old fishing nets. He worked hard and improved the method of paper-making. At last, he made a new kind of paper. The new paper was light, cheap and easy to make. More people could use it to write and share ideas. Paper helped spread knowledge. It made education easier for everyone. Cai Lun’s invention changed the world. People remember him for his great work. 59.What did people use to write on before Cai Lun? A. Paper and cloth. B. Bamboo slips and silk. C. Wood and stone. D. Metal and glass. 60.What materials did Cai Lun use to make paper? A. Tree bark, rags and fishing nets. B. Wood, leaves and grass. C. Cotton, wool and silk. D. Bamboo, reeds and straw. 第二节 补全对话（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A: Hi, Li Ming. What’s your favorite invention? B: My favorite invention is the light bulb. A: 61______ B: Because it helps people see in the dark. It’s very useful. A: Who invented it? B: 62______ He was a great American inventor. A: 63______ B: Yes, he did. He had over 1,000 inventions. A: 64______ B: He invented it in 1879. A: Wow! 65______ B: I agree. It really changed the world. A. When did he invent it? B. Why do you like it? C. Did he invent many things? D. Thomas Edison invented it. E. The light bulb is really a great invention. 61.____ 62.____ 63.____ 64.____ 65.____ 第三部分 书面表达（满分 15 分） 66.书面表达 题目要求：以 An Unforgettable Event 为题，写一篇短文，讲述一次你经历的、和他人有关的难忘事件。内容要点： 1. 事件是什么（与他人一起） 2. 时间、地点、经过 3. 你的感受与收获 字数要求：80词左右 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，每套试题完全贴合真题题型和最新考纲。A卷为基础卷，偏简单，侧重考点；B卷为能力提升卷，在基础上加深难度，但不会超纲，助力师生高效把握教学重点，与高考真题接轨。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit8 People and Events的单元测试卷，考查语音、词汇、语法、情景交际、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events A卷·基础巩固 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第一部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分 55 分） 第一节 语音辨音（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 从下列每组单词中，选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 1.A. salad B. apple C. cake D. happy 【答案】C 【解析】单词 salad、apple、happy 中字母a均发短元音 /æ/；cake 中字母a发双元音 /eɪ/，发音明显不同，故选 C。 2.A. meat B. tea C. bread D. eat 【答案】C 【解析】meat、tea、eat 中字母组合ea发长元音 /iː/；bread 中ea发短元音 /e/，发音不一致，故选 C。 3.A. coffee B. nose C. home D. hope 【答案】A 【解析】nose、home、hope 中字母o发双元音 /əʊ/；coffee 中字母o发短元音 /ɒ/，发音不同，故选 A。 4.A. milk B. rice C. fish D. sit 【答案】B 【解析】milk、fish、sit 中字母i发短元音 /ɪ/；rice 中字母i发双元音 /aɪ/，发音不同，故选 B。 5.A. lunch B. cute C. cup D. duck 【答案】B 【解析】lunch、cup、duck 中字母u发短元音 /ʌ/；cute 中字母u发 /juː/，发音不同，故选 B。 第二节 单项选择（共 25 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 25 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6.Zhan Tianyou is known ______ his great work in railway history. A. as B. for C. to D. with 答案：B 解析： be known for 为固定搭配，意为 “因…… 而闻名”，后接原因；be known as 意为 “作为…… 而闻名”，后接身份 / 职业。 7. The Jingzhang Railway was completed ______ 1909. A. on B. in C. at D. for 答案：B 解析： 表示年份前用介词 in；on 用于具体日期，at 用于具体时刻，for 表示持续时间。 8.He showed an interest ______ machines at an early age. A. At B. for C. in D. with 答案：C 解析： show an interest in 为固定搭配，意为 “对…… 感兴趣”，是本单元核心短语。 9.The railway went through ______ area of hills and mountains. A. A B. an C. the D. / 答案：B 解析： area 以元音音素 /eə/ 开头，表示 “一个” 用 an；the 表特指，零冠词用于复数 / 不可数名词。 10.He ______ his study in the US in 1881. A. graduate B. graduated C. will graduate D. has graduated 答案：B 解析： 时间状语 in 1881 表示过去，用一般过去时，graduate 的过去式为 graduated。 11.We must ______ all kinds of difficulties to succeed. A. get over B. go over C. come over D. take over 答案：A 解析： get over 意为 “克服”，与 difficulties 搭配；go over 复习，come over 过来，take over 接管。 12.The train runs ______ from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. A. stretches B. stretching C. stretched D. stretch 答案：B 解析： 现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动关系，即火车主动延伸。 13.______ his help, we finished the work ahead of schedule. A. Under B. With C. By D. On 答案：B 解析： with one’s help 为固定搭配，意为 “在某人的帮助下”。 14.The light bulb ______ by Thomas Edison. A. Invent B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 答案：D 解析： 灯泡是 “被发明” 的，用被动语态；发明发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态 was invented。 15.Florence Nightingale is considered ______ the founder of modern nursing. A. As B. for C. to D. with 答案：A 解析： be considered as 为固定搭配，意为 “被认为是……”。 16. Cai Lun improved the ______ of paper-making. A. method B. way C. road D. path 答案：A 解析： method 意为 “方法”，指有系统、科学的方法，本单元课文中用 the method of paper-making 表示 “造纸术”。 17.Thomas Edison is famous for ______ the light bulb. A. Invent B. inventing C. invented D. to invent 答案：B 解析： be famous for doing sth. 为固定搭配，介词 for 后接动名词形式 inventing。 18.Zhan Tianyou was the chief ______ of the Jingzhang Railway. A. Worker B. engineer C. teacher D. doctor 答案：B 解析： chief engineer 为固定短语，意为 “总工程师”，是本单元课文核心词汇。 19.The railway was completed two years ______ schedule. A. ahead of B. in front of C. before D. behind 答案：A 解析： ahead of schedule 为固定短语，意为 “提前”，是本单元重点短语。 20.Florence Nightingale created modern ______. A. teaching B. nursing C. farming D. writing 答案：B 解析： 根据课文，南丁格尔是现代护理事业的创始人，modern nursing 意为 “现代护理”。 21.We should learn ______ the great people. A. from B. to C. at D. for 答案：A 解析： learn from sb. 为固定搭配，意为 “向某人学习”。 22.The ______ of the Internet makes learning easier. A. Invent B. invention C. inventing D. inventor 答案：B 解析： invention 为名词，意为 “发明”，在句中作主语；invent 为动词，inventing 为动名词，inventor 意为 “发明家”。 23.Yuan Longping ______ new kinds of rice to reduce hunger. A. created B. made C. did D. invented 答案：A 解析： create 意为 “创造”，强调创造新事物，本单元中用于描述袁隆平培育杂交水稻。 24.The paper ______ by Cai Lun was cheaper to make. A. invent B. invented C. inventing D. invents 答案：B 解析： 过去分词 invented 作后置定语，表示被动关系，即 “被蔡伦发明的纸”。 25.The light bulb helps people see ______ in the dark. A. good B. well C. better D. best 答案：C 解析： 灯泡让人们在黑暗中看得 “更好”，用比较级 better；well 为原级，good 为形容词，不能修饰动词 see。 26.You ______ use paper to record and share ideas. A. can B. must C. need D. should 答案：A 解析： can 表示 “能够、可以”，说明纸的用途，符合语境。 27.I ______ live without the light bulb. It’s so useful! A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t 答案：B 解析： can’t 表示 “不能”，句意为 “没有灯泡我无法生活，它太有用了”，符合语境。 28.______ I visit the museum with you? A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 答案：A 解析： Can I...? 表示委婉请求 “我可以…… 吗？”，是本单元对话常用句型。 29.We ______ learn from great people. They set good examples for us. A. can B. should C. mustn’t D. needn’t 答案：B 解析： should 表示 “应该”，提出建议，句意为 “我们应该向伟人学习”。 30.He ______ overcome all difficulties to finish the task. A. can B. must C. could D. might 答案：C 解析： could 表示过去的能力，句意为 “他当时能够克服所有困难完成任务”，描述过去的事情。 第三节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Healthy eating is very important for everyone. Food gives us energy to work and study. But many students like eating fast food 31______ hamburgers and chips. They think fast food is delicious and 32______. They can buy it easily near school. However, fast food is not 33______ for our health. It has too much fat and sugar. If we eat too much fast food, we will get 34______ easily and even fall ill. We should eat more 35______ food like vegetables, fruit and whole grains. We 36______ also have good eating habits. We must have breakfast 37______ every morning. Breakfast can give us enough energy for the whole morning. We can’t 38______ breakfast. Lunch should be rich, and dinner should not be too 39______. In a word, we should choose food 40______ and keep a healthy lifestyle. 31. A. such as B. for example C. as for D. instead of 32. A. slow B. convenient C. difficult D. boring 33. A. bad B. good C. new D. cheap 34. A. thin B. strong C. fat D. happy 35. A. healthy B. spicy C. sweet D. cold 36. A. can B. may C. should D. could 37. A. on time B. in time C. at times D. all the time 38. A. have B. miss C. eat D. cook 39. A. little B. small C. much D. many 40. A. wise B. wisely C. quick D. quickly 答案：31.A 32.B 33.B 34.C 35.A 36.C 37.A 38.B 39.C 40.B 31. such as 用来列举同类事物，后面直接跟名词；for example 后需加逗号，再接句子；as for 至于；instead of 代替。故选 A。 32. convenient 意为 “方便的”，符合快餐购买便捷、省时的特点；slow 慢的，difficult 困难的，boring 无聊的，均不符合语境。 33. be good for 为固定搭配 “对…… 有益”。根据常识，快餐对身体健康没有好处，故选 B。 34. 快餐含有大量脂肪和糖分，长期食用容易发胖，fat 胖的；thin 瘦的，strong 强壮的，happy 快乐的，均不符。 35. 蔬菜、水果、粗粮都属于健康食品healthy；spicy 辣的，sweet 甜的，cold 冷的，不符合题意。 36. should 情态动词 “应该”，用于建议我们养成良好饮食习惯；can/may/could 语气较弱，不适合劝导建议。 37. on time 固定短语 “按时、准时”；in time 及时；at times 有时；all the time 一直。句意：每天早上要按时吃早餐。 38. miss breakfast 意为 “不吃早餐、错过早餐”；have/eat 吃，cook 做饭，不符合本句劝诫不要不吃早餐的语境。 39. dinner should not be too much 表示 “晚餐不宜吃得过多”；too much 修饰不可数名词食物；many 修饰可数名词。 40. 修饰动词 choose 必须用副词；wisely 明智地；wise 形容词，quick/quickly 速度快，与 “明智选择食物” 语义不符。 第四节 语法填空（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 We 41______ keep healthy eating habits. We 42______ eat more vegetables and fruit. We 43______ not eat too much sweet food. When we feel hungry, we 44______ choose some fruit instead of snacks. We 45______ finish all the food on our plate and never waste food. 答案41.must 42. should 43. should 44. can 45. must 解析 41. must 表示 “必须”，强调坚持健康饮食习惯是硬性要求，语气强烈。 42. should 表示 “应该”，用于给出合理的饮食建议，多吃蔬果。 43. should not 表示 “不应该”，劝告大家不要摄入过多甜食，有害健康。 44. can 表示 “可以、能够”，指饥饿时可以选择水果代替零食。 45. must 表示 “必须”，倡导光盘行动，必须吃完盘中食物、杜绝浪费。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Zhan Tianyou is a great Chinese engineer. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province. At an early age, he showed a great interest in machines. At eleven, he went to study in the US. He studied hard and graduated from Yale University in 1881. After graduation, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan Tianyou began his work on the Jingzhang Railway. This railway was very important for China. It had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. But Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties. They worked day and night. They used new methods and solved many problems. The 200-kilometer-long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. Zhan Tianyou is called “the father of Chinese railways”. He is a hero in our hearts. 46.Where did he study when he was young? A. In China. B. In the US. C. In Japan. D. In the UK. 47.When did he begin to build the Jingzhang Railway? A. In 1861. B. In 1881. C. In 1905. D. In 1909. 48.How long is the Jingzhang Railway? A. 100 kilometers. B. 200 kilometers. C. 300 kilometers. D. 400 kilometers. 49.Why is the railway special? A. It was built by foreign engineers. B. It was the first Chinese-designed railway. C. It was the longest railway in the world. D. It was built in one year. 答案： 46.B 47.C 48.B 49.B 导读：本文介绍中国铁路工程师詹天佑的生平事迹，重点讲述他主持修建京张铁路的过程与意义，展现他的爱国精神与专业能力，贴合本单元 People and Events 主题。 解析 46.解析： 由文章第一段第四句 “At eleven, he went to study in the US.” 可知，他年轻时去美国学习，因此选 B。 47.解析： 由文章第二段第一句 “In 1905, Zhan Tianyou began his work on the Jingzhang Railway.” 可知，他于 1905 年开始修建京张铁路，因此选 C。 48.解析： 由文章第二段倒数第二句 “The 200-kilometer-long railway was completed in 1909...” 可知，铁路长 200 公里，因此选 B。 49.解析： 由文章第一段 “it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone” 及第二段最后一句可知，京张铁路是第一条由中国工程师自主设计修建的铁路，因此选 B。 B Florence Nightingale was a famous British nurse. She was born in 1820 in Italy. She came from a rich family. But she wanted to help sick people. She decided to become a nurse when she was young. At that time, nursing was not a good job for women. But Nightingale didn’t care. She studied nursing and worked hard. During the Crimean War, Nightingale went to the front to help the soldiers. She and her team cleaned the hospitals, took care of the sick and wounded soldiers. They worked day and night. She was called “The Lady with the Lamp” because she carried a lamp to check on the patients at night. Her work helped save many lives. After the war, she created modern nursing. She opened the first nursing school in the world. Nightingale is remembered as the founder of modern nursing. She set a good example for all nurses. 50.Where was Florence Nightingale born? A. In Italy. B. In the UK. C. In France. D. In the US. 51.What did she want to be when she was young? A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A doctor. D. A worker. 52.Why was she called “The Lady with the Lamp”? A. She liked lamps. B. She carried a lamp to see at night. C. She made lamps for soldiers. D. She sold lamps in the hospital. 53.What did she create? A. Modern medicine. B. Modern nursing. C. Modern teaching. D. Modern farming. 54.What did she open after the war? A. A hospital. B. A nursing school. C. A university. D. A factory. 答案：50.A 51.B 52.B 53.B 54.B 导读：本文介绍现代护理学创始人南丁格尔的生平事迹，讲述她在克里米亚战争中救助士兵、创立现代护理体系的故事，展现她的奉献精神与职业担当，贴合本单元主题。 解析 50.解析： 由文章第一段第一句 “She was born in 1820 in Italy.” 可知，南丁格尔出生于意大利，因此选 A。 51.解析： 由文章第一段第四句 “She decided to become a nurse when she was young.” 可知，她年轻时想成为一名护士，因此选 B。 52.解析： 由文章第二段第四句 “She was called ‘The Lady with the Lamp’ because she carried a lamp to check on the patients at night.” 可知，她被称为 “提灯女神” 是因为晚上提灯巡视病人，因此选 B。 53.解析： 由文章第二段倒数第三句 “After the war, she created modern nursing.” 可知，她创立了现代护理事业，因此选 B。 54.解析： 由文章第二段倒数第二句 “She opened the first nursing school in the world.” 可知，她开办了世界上第一所护士学校，因此选 B。 C Thomas Edison was a great American inventor. He was born in 1847. He was not a good student at school. His teacher thought he was not clever. But Edison loved to learn new things. He asked many questions and tried to find answers by himself. He left school when he was young and taught himself at home. Edison had over 1,000 inventions in his life. The most famous one is the light bulb. Before the light bulb, people used candles or oil lamps. They were not safe and bright. Edison worked hard to invent a better light. He tried thousands of materials. At last, he invented the first practical light bulb in 1879. The light bulb changed the world. It helped people see in the dark. People could work and study longer. Edison also invented the phonograph and many other things. He is called “the greatest inventor of all time”. 55.What did Edison’s teacher think of him? A. He was very clever. B. He was not clever. C. He was very lazy. D. He was very hard-working. 56.How many inventions did Edison have? A. Over 100. B. Over 500. C. Over 1,000. D. Over 5,000. 57.What is his most famous invention? A. The telephone. B. The light bulb. C. The computer. D. The car. 58.When did he invent the first practical light bulb? A. In 1847. B. In 1879. C. In 1900. D. In 1920. 答案：55.B 56.C 57.B 58.B 导读：本文介绍美国发明家爱迪生的生平事迹，讲述他发明电灯的过程与意义，展现他的好奇心与坚持不懈的精神，贴合本单元 People and Events 主题。 55.解析： 由文章第一段第三句 “His teacher thought he was not clever.” 可知，爱迪生的老师认为他不聪明，因此选 B。 56.解析： 由文章第二段第一句 “Edison had over 1,000 inventions in his life.” 可知，爱迪生一生有 1000 多项发明，因此选 C。 57.解析： 由文章第二段第二句 “The most famous one is the light bulb.” 可知，他最著名的发明是电灯泡，因此选 B。 58.解析： 由文章第二段第五句 “At last, he invented the first practical light bulb in 1879.” 可知，他于 1879 年发明了第一盏实用的电灯泡，因此选 B。 D Cai Lun was a great Chinese inventor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Before Cai Lun, people used bamboo slips or silk to write on. Bamboo slips were heavy and silk was expensive. Many people couldn’t use them. Cai Lun wanted to find a better way. He tried many materials like tree bark, rags and old fishing nets. He worked hard and improved the method of paper-making. At last, he made a new kind of paper. The new paper was light, cheap and easy to make. More people could use it to write and share ideas. Paper helped spread knowledge. It made education easier for everyone. Cai Lun’s invention changed the world. People remember him for his great work. 59.What did people use to write on before Cai Lun? A. Paper and cloth. B. Bamboo slips and silk. C. Wood and stone. D. Metal and glass. 60.What materials did Cai Lun use to make paper? A. Tree bark, rags and fishing nets. B. Wood, leaves and grass. C. Cotton, wool and silk. D. Bamboo, reeds and straw. 答案：59.B 60.A 导读：本文介绍中国古代发明家蔡伦改进造纸术的事迹，讲述他发明新造纸方法的过程与意义，展现他的创新精神与对人类文明的贡献，贴合本单元主题。 59.解析： 由文章第一段第二句 “Before Cai Lun, people used bamboo slips or silk to write on.” 可知，蔡伦之前人们用竹简和丝绸写字，因此选 B。 60.解析： 由文章第一段第五句 “He tried many materials like tree bark, rags and old fishing nets.” 可知，蔡伦用树皮、破布和旧渔网造纸，因此选 A。 第二节 补全对话（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A: Hi, Li Ming. What’s your favorite invention? B: My favorite invention is the light bulb. A: 61______ B: Because it helps people see in the dark. It’s very useful. A: Who invented it? B: 62______ He was a great American inventor. A: 63______ B: Yes, he did. He had over 1,000 inventions. A: 64______ B: He invented it in 1879. A: Wow! 65______ B: I agree. It really changed the world. A. When did he invent it? B. Why do you like it? C. Did he invent many things? D. Thomas Edison invented it. E. The light bulb is really a great invention. 61.____ 62.____ 63.____ 64.____ 65.____ 答案：61.B 62.D 63.C 64.A 65.E 解析： 61. 根据答语 “Because it helps people see in the dark.” 可知，问句询问原因，用 “Why do you like it?”。 62. 根据问句 “Who invented it?” 可知，回答发明者是托马斯・爱迪生，用 “Thomas Edison invented it.”。 63. 根据答语 “Yes, he did. He had over 1,000 inventions.” 可知，问句为一般疑问句，用 “Did he invent many things?”。 64. 根据答语 “He invented it in 1879.” 可知，问句询问时间，用 “When did he invent it?”。 65. 根据答语 “I agree. It really changed the world.” 可知，此处表达对电灯的评价，用 “The light bulb is really a great invention.”。 第三部分 书面表达（满分 15 分） 66.书面表达 题目要求：以 An Unforgettable Event 为题，写一篇短文，讲述一次你经历的、和他人有关的难忘事件。内容要点： 1. 事件是什么（与他人一起） 2. 时间、地点、经过 3. 你的感受与收获 字数要求：80词左右 参考范文 An Unforgettable Event Last Saturday, I took part in a volunteer activity with my classmates. We went to a community center to help the elderly people. We cleaned the rooms, talked with them, and performed some small shows for them. They were very happy and thanked us again and again. I felt very warm and proud. This event taught me that helping others can make the world better. I learned the importance of love and care. I will keep doing volunteer work and try my best to help people in need. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $