考前押题08 阅读理解15篇（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版五四制

**基本信息** 聚焦6大话题15篇阅读，覆盖文化、科技、生活等领域，题型典型，逻辑清晰，助力提升语言理解与文化认知能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |艺术和艺术家|2篇|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|从艺术现象到文化内涵，培养跨文化理解| |发明与创造|2篇|细节题、指代题、结构分析|科技发展脉络，提升信息筛选与逻辑推理| |货币与理财|2篇|细节理解、词义猜测|生活实际应用，强化语言在真实场景中的运用| |时尚|3篇|推理判断、主旨题、词义猜测|传统与现代时尚，渗透文化意识与批判性思维| |自然灾害与防范|3篇|细节理解、图表信息、应用拓展|灾害知识与防范措施，提升信息获取与实践能力| |友谊|3篇|推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测|情感与社交主题，培养人文素养与思维品质|

考前押题08 阅读理解15篇 话题1 艺术和艺术家 话题2 发明与创造 话题3 货币与理财 话题4 时尚 话题5 自然灾害与防范 话题6 友谊 话题1 艺术和艺术家 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 话题2 发明与创造 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 话题3 货币与理财 Passage 1 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 话题4 时尚 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 话题5 自然灾害与防范 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 话题6 友谊 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题08 阅读理解15篇 话题1 艺术和艺术家 话题2 发明与创造 话题3 货币与理财 话题4 时尚 话题5 自然灾害与防范 话题6 友谊 话题1 艺术和艺术家 Passage 1 Artwork is lovely to look at and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, compared to just looking at a photo of it, they may experience stronger feelings? Scientists carried out a study at the Mauritshuis Museum, the home to Girl with a Pearl Earring, a very famous painting. ① The scientists watched how people reacted (反应) to a few paintings. First, they asked the volunteers to look at the real paintings on show, and then at photos of the art works in the museum shop. ② It showed that their reactions were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. ③ How did that happen? Through study, people may experience something called the “sustained attentional cycle” when they watch a certain painting. The girl’s left eye first drew the volunteers’ attention, then her mouth, and then her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a cycle. Each time they finished the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings or dancing. She added, “It really helps develop your brain.” The scientists now want to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do research on works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．What’s the purpose of the study? A．To show different ways to study a painting. B．To find a better way to help people enjoy the paintings. C．To find differences between a painting and its photo. D．To study people’s reactions to real art and its photos. 2．We can put the following sentence “The team found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Which one shows the relationship between the time people spend in watching a painting(x) and people’s focus(y)? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．People’s eye movements stay in a mess when enjoying real paintings. B．Repeated eye cycles help people connect more with a painting. C．The scientists have visited other museums for further research. D．Enjoying real art does good to people’s bodies instead of their brains. 5．Which would be the best title for the text? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art Passage 2 Chinese calligraphy is an ancient and respected art form of writing Chinese characters, with a history stretching over 3,000 years. It first began in the Shang Dynasty, when people carved characters onto animal bones and tortoise shells to record important dates, events, and even divinations. As time went on, it evolved from a practical writing tool into a sophisticated art that blends culture, aesthetics, and personal expression. To practice calligraphy, artists use four traditional tools: a soft-haired brush, black ink, absorbent Xuan paper, and an inkstone for grinding ink. There are five main styles—regular, cursive, seal, official, and running—each with its own charm. Regular style is neat and easy to read, making it popular for beginners; cursive style is bold and flowing, with characters often connected in a dynamic way. The way a writer holds the brush, controls ink flow, and applies pressure can completely change the look of the work, and many believe calligraphy reflects the writer’s mood and personality. Today, Chinese calligraphy remains a beloved art and hobby. People practice it to calm their minds, improve focus, and connect with traditional culture. It is also a common sight in daily life: Spring Festival couplets on doors, inscriptions on paintings, and even school lessons that teach students to appreciate this national treasure. It has spread across the world, becoming a beautiful symbol of Chinese culture. 1．What was the earliest purpose of Chinese calligraphy? A．To create artworks. B．To record dates and events. C．To write poems. D．To decorate buildings. 2．Which of these is NOT a main calligraphy style? A．Regular. B．Cursive. C．Watercolor. D．Seal. 3．How is the passage organized? A．Introduction→History→Tools & Styles→Modern Status B．History→Tools→Styles→Conclusion C．Culture→Art→Hobbies→Festivals D．Introduction→Art→History→Popularity 4．Why do people practice calligraphy today? A．To make money. B．To calm their minds and improve focus. C．To learn to paint. D．To become famous. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Tools of Chinese Calligraphy B．Chinese Calligraphy: From Past to Present C．How to Learn Calligraphy Well D．Popular Art Forms in China 话题2 发明与创造 Passage 1 On April 19, 2026, the Beijing E-Town Half Marathon and Humanoid Robot (人形机器人) Half Marathon was held successfully. It is the world’s first humanoid robot half marathon of its kind, and 2026 was its second year, with the first event held in 2025. Now it has become a famous global event to test and improve humanoid robot technologies. After exciting competition, a robot called Shandian, developed by Honor’s Monkey King Team, won first prize. It finished the 21.0975-kilometer race in 50 minutes and 26 seconds. The 2025 champion used almost 2 hours and 41 minutes to finish the same race, so this year’s result was a big step forward. It also set a new men’s world record for the humanoid robot half marathon. The great result shows modern robots are much better in running speed, balance and body endurance. The race started at Kechuang 17th Street and finished at Nanhaizi Park. The road passed through famous places in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, with different road conditions: flat roads, slopes and curves. All these made the race a difficult real-world test for the robot runners. The robot players were divided into two groups: fully autonomous robots and remotely (远程地) controlled robots. To support the development of independent smart technology, the running time of remotely controlled robots would be multiplied by 1.2. This year, nearly 40 percent of teams used fully autonomous robots, far more than last year. This event is not only a sports game. It helps the research, production and use of robot technologies, and gives real tests for embodied intelligence. It also shows China’s fast progress in humanoid robots and supports creative growth of the global high-end equipment industry. 1．When was the first Humanoid Robot Half Marathon held? A．In 2024. B．In 2025. C．In 2026. D．In 2027. 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．Monkey King Team. B．An exciting competition. C．A robot named Shandian. D．Half marathon. 3．Why is the race a big challenge for robots? A．Because it is too short for most robots. B．Because it has different difficult road conditions. C．Because there are no landmarks along the way. D．Because all roads are smooth and flat. 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．All robots share the same time rules in the competition. B．Fewer teams chose autonomous robots this year. C．The event plays a big role in robot technology development. D．Remotely controlled robots can get free extra time. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Famous Sports Meeting in Beijing B．Great Progress of Humanoid Robots C．A Robot Half Marathon and Its Meaning D．Different Kinds of Smart Robots Passage 2 Street lights are all around us, but we often forget how much we need them until the power goes out. When that happens, everything gets dark and the world turns into a dangerous place for people and cars. A long time ago, around 500 BC, the Chinese used bamboo pipes (竹管) and natural gas to create burning torches (火把) to light up the streets. Later, ancient Romans used lights that burned vegetable oil. The first public street lighting began in 1417, when the leader of London gave the order to hang lanterns outside homes during the winter months. This marked the beginning of organized public street lighting, which made a big difference to cities across the world. Fast-forward four centuries to the 1800s, when Baltimore became the first American city to put gas street lights on poles (杆子). This was a big step forward from the old ways of lighting up cities. In 1878, Paris began using the first electric street lights: arc lamps (弧光灯). However, the light from arc lamps was too bright and strong for people’s eyes, so these lamps didn’t stay in use for long. In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the incandescent light bulb (白炽灯泡). It offered a softer and nicer light and became the new standard. It quickly took the place of the arc lamp. However, street lighting didn’t stop there. From the 1960s to the early 21st century, sodium lamps (钠灯) were very common. More recently, LED street lights have taken over because they use less energy and last longer. As technology continues to develop, even better street lights may provide a brighter future for everyone at night. 1．What materials did the ancient Chinese use for the burning torches? A．Natural gas and electricity. B．Electricity and vegetable oil C．Bamboo pipes and natural gas. D．Vegetable oil and bamboo pipes. 2．What happened in 1417? A．The first arc lamps were used in Rome. B．Paris began using the first electric street lights. C．The public street lighting appeared in London for the first time. D．Baltimore became the first city to put gas street lights on poles. 3．Which is the right order of appearance of the following types of lighting? a. Arc lamps.         b. LED lights. c. Sodium lamps.     d. Incandescent light bulbs. A．a→b→d→c B．a→d→c→b C．d→a→b→c D．d→c→a→b 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage proper use of street lights. B．To compare different kinds of street lights. C．To explain the importance of street lighting. D．To introduce the development of street lighting. 话题3 货币与理财 Passage 1 Children’s MonthlyNovember Issue(期) Things you need or Things you want ?Think before you buy By Kate Yang Things you needEvery day, we need to eat and drink. When you are thirsty, you need a glass of water. When you are hungry, you need some bread. Things you wantYour classmates have a beautiful schoolbag. You want to have one, too. But your schoolbag still looks new. This is what you want but not what you need. Who pays for what you wantWhen you go shopping, you want a new toy. Your parents work around the clock to make money. Keep your pocket moneyKeep your pocket money and give some to the people in need. This can make you feel happy. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．This may be the _________ issue of Children’s Monthly this year. A．9th B．10th C．11th D．12th 2．According to the passage, what can really make you happy? A．Going shopping. B．Eating and drinking. C．Getting a beautiful schoolbag. D．Helping people with pocket money. 3．The text is mainly about _________. A．things you want B．how to spend money C．who pays for you D．your pocket money 4．Who may be the readers of this passage? A．Kids. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Workers. 5．What does the writer mean by saying “Your parents work around the clock”？ A．They go to work early every day. B．They put the clocks on their office desks. C．They are fond of running. D．They work day and night. Passage 2 With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (无现金的) payments are nothing new. Now, China is going further by encouraging more people to use digital (数字的) yuan or e-CNY, a digital currency (货币). Jiangsu province will encourage the use of e-CNY in its education system, according to a recent plan by the Jiangsu Education Department. By December of this year students in Jiangsu will probably pay tuition fees (学费), exam fees and receive scholarships (奖学金) in e-CNY. To use e-CNY, people just need to download (下载) the e-CNY app and open an account (账户). “The functions (功能) of e-CNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the former is digital,” Mu Changchun, director of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Research Institute, told China Daily. But e-CNY is much safer compared to Alipay and WeChat payment. E-commerce (电子商务) platforms that accept payments by e-CNY will not have access to users’ personal information. “Users’ privacy protection with e-CNY is at the highest level among all existing payment tools,” said Mu. In addition, “the use of e-CNY can reduce transaction (交易) costs for smaller businesses,” said Zhou Maohua who works at China Everbright Bank. At present, third-party payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat ask for certain fees when money is transferred (转账) through them. E-CNY payment, however, can transfer money directly from buyers to sellers, which will greatly reduce transaction costs. E-CNY has been trialed (试点) in 17 provinces and cities, such as Suzhou, Shenzhen and Chengdu. China is still working to expand (扩大) its usage in more areas. 1．At the very beginning of the passage, Alipay and WeChat are mentioned to ________. A．give examples B．introduce the background C．list numbers D．surprise the readers 2．What can the students do by e-CNY? A．Get scholarships. B．Open an account. C．Download the e-CNY app. D．Pay all fees. 3．What’s the advantage of digital yuan according to the passage? A．The functions are more than those of Alipay and WeChat payment. B．Digital yuan is much safer than any other payment tool. C．17 provinces will use digital yuan instead of Alipay and WeChat payment. D．It will greatly protect users’ personal information by digital yuan. 4．What is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．The safety protection about e-CNY. B．The disadvantages of e-CNY. C．The transaction costs about e-CNY. D．The popularity of e-CNY. 5．The writer’s writing purpose is to ________. A．create greater business opportunities B．call on people to use digital yuan C．change the way all people pay fees D．lead people to protect their privacy 话题4 时尚 Passage 1 According to media reports on Wednesday, Zhang Zening, a woman from Nanjing City, East China’s Jiangsu Province, has made more than 50 sets of Hanfu, or traditional Chinese costume (服装). Zhang majored in materials science and engineering when she was in college, and she gave up her job after falling in love with Hanfu. It has been 10 years since Zhang made Hanfu by herself because those of her favorite styles were not for sale. She taught herself painting and costume design, and visited a dozen Chinese cities to explore museums, as well as to draw inspiration from murals (壁画) and literature, before making over 50 different Hanfu from past dynasties. Zhang said the design of Hanfu was inspired by the murals of past dynasties. “What I did is not only to restore (使复原) a piece of clothing, but more to feel the culture Hanfu possesses, as well as the inspiration and significance (意义) of the mural, which made me very touched and glad,” she said. In July this year, a group of international students from Canada visited Zhang, hoping to work together to restore Hanfu based on murals that have been lost overseas. Zhang is excited about the project, saying, “Even if the national treasures cannot return to the country, restoring Hanfu based on them allows these lost treasures to be seen by more people. It’s also a contribution from us young people.” 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a report. B．By showing the beauty of Hanfu. C．By studying the styles of Hanfu. D．By introducing who Zhang Zening is. 2．Why did Zhang Zening give up her job? A．Because she was tired of her job very much. B．Because she wanted to learn to paint from murals. C．Because she would like to study murals and literature. D．Because she wanted to study painting and costume design to make Hanfu. 3．The meaning of the underlined word “possesses” in Paragraph 3 may be close to _______. A．owns B．produces C．finds D．creates 4．What can we infer about Zhang Zening from the last paragraph? ①She is doing something very meaningful. ②She wants more people to see the restored Hanfu based on murals that have been lost overseas. ③Her restoration techniques have been recognized by Canadian students. ④She is a person who can bring a national treasure back to the motherland. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ 5．The passage may come from ________. A．a cultural magazine B．a research report C．a science magazine D．a travel magazine Passage 2 Have you ever felt excited about very cheap and fashionable clothes in shops every few weeks? You can update your wardrobe(更新你的衣橱) without spending too much money. But have you ever stopped to think: Why are these clothes so cheap? The answer lies in something called “fast fashion”. “Fast fashion” refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time. However, many of these clothes quickly wear out or go out of style. Their price tags also do not include the environmental costs behind them. “The problem starts with how we think about fashion,” says Kirsi, a fashion researcher. “Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away,” she says. Even if a piece of clothing stays in your wardrobe for years, you might only wear it about 40 times. Besides, “fast fashion” pollutes the environment seriously. A study by Kirsi’s team found that the fashion industry leads to 8 to 10% of global carbon waste (全球碳排放) and 20% of the world’s water pollution from factories. When you buy a new fast-fashion shirt, you are not just paying money to the shop. You are also making pollution worse. You waste energy in transportation and create rubbish when your shirt is worn out and thrown away. The “low cost” of the shirt is actually paid by our Earth. It is really attractive for us to get bargains easily. But just like there is no “free lunch” in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth. 1．“Fast fashion” is _________. A．a popular idea of buying many clothes and throwing them away B．a business way of quickly making and selling lots of cheap clothes C．a shopping habit of buying new clothes with very little money D．a kind of clothing that breaks easily and goes out of style 2．Why does the writer mention “you might only wear it about 40 times” in Paragraph 3? A．To teach us how to wear clothes more often. B．To explain clothes can be kept for many years. C．To tell us to clean our wardrobe regularly. D．To show we wear clothes for a very short time. 3．Which of the following is NOT true when you buy a new fast-fashion shirt? A．You make pollution worse. B．Energy is wasted in transportation. C．Rubbish is created by the shop. D．You pay money to the shop. 4．The underlined word “bargains” means “_________”. A．cheap goods B．affordable clothes C．different samples D．formal agreements 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．To let people care more about the environment. B．To tell people to think carefully before buying clothes. C．To ask experts to work out environmental problems. D．To tell fashion industry to protect our Earth. Passage 3 Nowadays, wearing suitable clothes has become an important part of people’s daily life. Different occasions need different dressing styles, and most teenagers pay much attention to their own looks and clothing choices. When students go to school, school uniforms are the necessary clothes. Uniforms not only keep all students neat and tidy, but also reduce the comparison among classmates. Many students once complain that uniforms are simple and boring, but teachers explain that uniforms stand for the image of the whole class and school. On weekends and holidays, teenagers have more freedom to choose clothes. Most boys prefer sportswear, such as basketball suits and running jackets. These clothes are loose and comfortable, perfect for playing ball games, climbing mountains or hanging out with friends. Girls love fashionable dresses, casual sweaters and jeans. They match different clothes and accessories to show their personal characteristics. Some young people also like traditional Chinese clothes like Hanfu. Walking on the street in traditional costumes always draws people’s attention. Besides personal hobbies, dressing also relates to social manners. If you take part in a birthday party, bright and lively clothes are proper. When attending a funeral, people choose dark and plain clothes to show respect. Business workers wear formal suits to look professional. Weather is another key factor. Thick down coats keep us warm in cold winter, while thin T-shirts and shorts are people’s first choice in hot summer. Parents always remind kids not to pursue expensive famous brand clothes blindly. True beauty comes from kind hearts, good manners and excellent grades, not luxurious clothing. Simple, clean and suitable dressing is always the best choice for young students. Learning to dress properly helps teenagers grow into polite and elegant people. 1．Why do schools ask students to wear uniforms? A．To make students look different. B．To avoid unnecessary comparison. C．To satisfy students’ fashion needs. D．To save students’ pocket money. 2．What kind of clothes do most boys like in free time? A．Hanfu. B．Dresses. C．Sportswear. D．Sweaters. 3．Which clothes are suitable for a serious funeral? A．Dark plain clothes. B．Bright colorful suits. C．Loose sport clothes. D．Fashion casual wear. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Uniforms are popular with all students. B．Dressing style has nothing to do with weather. C．Traditional clothes never attract people’s eyes. D．Proper dressing shows good social manners. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Different choices and meanings of dressing. B．The advantages of expensive brand clothes. C．How to buy cheap and beautiful clothes. D．Teenagers’ unhappy school life. 话题5 自然灾害与防范 Passage 1 What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm, happening in the western Pacific Ocean. Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water. The heat from the water makes the air rise, and the winds begin to spin. Over the warm sea, this spinning wind and storm grow stronger. Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours. Check if your house is strong enough for high winds. Fix weak (不牢固的) areas if needed. Fishermen: move boats to a safe place. Cover windows with strong boards or sticks. Prepare flashlights. Also, get candles (蜡烛) and matches. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What gives a typhoon its energy? A．Warm ocean water. B．Heat from the sun. C．Wind from the land. D．Cold air over the ocean. 2．When a typhoon is near, how often should we check weather reports? A．Every 3 hours. B．Every 6 hours. C．Every 12 hours. D．Every 24 hours. 3．According to the text, which food should we store before a typhoon? A．Beef. B．Bread. C．Potatoes. D．Fresh fish. 4．Which of the following does the text NOT advise to put in an emergency kit? A．Knives. B．Clothes. C．Money. D．Medicine. 5．Where may we read the text? A．In a history book. B．In a diary. C．In a storybook. D．On a weather website. Passage 2 One day, a serious earthquake hit an area and killed many people in a few minutes. A man asked his wife to stay at home safely. Then he left home quickly and ran to his son’s school. When he arrived at the school, he found that the teaching building fell down. He felt sad when he saw that. At first, he didn’t know where to find his son. However, he remembered his promise to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he started digging (挖) there. He dug for 8 hours, 18 hours, 28 hours. Some other parents gave up and they left one by one. The police said there might be aftershocks (余震) and that he must leave. To each person, he asked, “Are you going to help me?” Then he kept digging. Finally, after 38 hours, he moved away a large stone and heard his son. He called his son’s name, “Armand!” “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that you would come to save us.” “What’s going on there?” the father asked. The son answered, “There are 14 students, Dad. We’re scared, hungry and thirsty. I’m very thankful you’re here.” The father shouted, “Come out, son!” The son said, “Let the other kids go out first. I’m OK. No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!” The father agreed with his son. He was sure that he was able to save all the students. He did it. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Why did the police try to stop the father? A．Because he needed to rest. B．Because the kids were missing. C．Because they thought he was mad. D．Because there might be aftershocks. 2．What is the correct order according to the text? a. When the father arrived at his son’s school, he found the teaching building fell down. b. As the father was digging, other parents left one by one. c. A serious earthquake happened. d. The police said there might be aftershocks and that the father must leave. e. The father kept digging. A．c — a — b — d — e B．c — a — e — b — d C．a — c — b — e — d D．a — c — e — b — d 3．How many students were there? A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14. 4．Who would the father save first? A．His wife. B．His son. C．The teachers. D．The other kids. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read this text? A．Sports. B．Local News. C．History. D．Health. Passage 3 A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches (靠近) the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore (海岸) very quickly (like a very low tide (低潮), or a loud roar (轰鸣) from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3．What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 话题6 友谊 Passage 1 One day two young men were going through the forest. One said to the other, “We’re good friends. We must help each other. If any beast (野兽) comes at you, I’ll stay with you and help you.” The other friend said, “I will help you too, if any beast comes at you.” They walked on. After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear. The young men ran away quickly. One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up. So he threw himself at the foot of the tree. He thought to himself, “The bear will think that I am dead.” Soon the bear came near. The bear looked at the fat young man, then it put its nose down and smelled him. The young man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead, so it went away. The man in the tree came down. With a smile he asked his friend, “The bear put its mouth so near to your ear. What did it say to you?” The friend answered, “The bear said, ‘Don’t trust your friend. He ran away from you when you needed his help the most. Remember: A friend in need is a friend indeed.’” 1．The two men said they would ________ if any beast came. A．help each other B．run away C．beat the bear D．beat each other 2．Who made a great noise? A．The fat man. B．The thin man. C．The bear. D．The friend. 3．________ climbed up into a tree. A．Both young men B．The bear C．The thin man D．The fat man 4．How did the fat young man save his life? A．He pretended to be dead. B．The other man helped him. C．The bear was very kind. D．A and C． 5．Did the bear really say anything to the fat young man? A．Yes, it did. B．No, it didn’t. C．Yes, it was. D．No, it wasn’t. Passage 2 Rick Dodson said goodbye to Mrs. Rio. As he turned the key in the library door, he felt the pressure of his new life in this strange place. It was his birthday, but the idea of celebrating alone was a big worry. His first plan was to go to the Cupcake Cafe before it closed at 5:30 p.m. . It was a small comfort in an otherwise (原本是) normal day. But as he walked past the messy table of books in his office, his thoughts went back to the past six months. He had moved across the country for this librarian job. He had met many people, but he still didn’t have any real friends. Later that evening, sitting in his living room full of books, Rick felt restless. The sight of the untidy books at the library upset his sense of order. Even though it was his birthday, he decided to go back to the library. He was pushed by an inner need to put the books back in their proper places. When he entered the library, he found a book, on the floor, Small World, with its cover facing down as if it was silently blaming him. Carefully, Rick bent down and gently picked up the book. Suddenly, four tiny figures rushed out, running to get out of the way as the book fell to the floor. “Mr. Dodson,” a voice said. “we’re very happy to meet you.” Rick’s eyes opened wide in surprise as he stuttered (结巴地说), “What… who…?” “We’re the Bookers!” the one named William said. “This is Emily, and our kids, Harry and Clementine. And by the way, happy birthday!” The Bookers then explained that they had looked at his file when he arrived six months ago. That’s how they knew it was his birthday. They talked about their job of keeping the library in good shape. Harry was proud of his nightly rodents (啮齿动物) patrols (巡逻). He kept the annoying mice away. Clementine made sure the chairs didn’t make any noise. William and Emily sharpened the pencils every night. They said that bookers and libraries were closely connected and worked well together in the world of knowledge. At first, Rick was very surprised. His mind had a hard time understanding this unexpected meeting. But as the Bookers kept talking, their honesty showed. In the days and months after that, he agreed to be friends with them. Gradually, Rick made other friends in his community. Every year on his birthday, Rick made sure to bring lots of cupcakes to share the happiness with all his friends, including the dear Bookers. 1．What can we infer from Paragraph 1 about Rick Dodson? A．He was fighting with loneliness in his new life. B．The Cupcake Cafe was his regular after-work place. C．He was deeply unhappy with his new job as a librarian. D．He liked celebrating his birthday alone instead of with others. 2．What does the word “restless” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．extremely angry B．unable to relax C．physically tired D．emotionally depressed 3．Why did Rick decide to go back to the library on his birthday? A．He hoped to meet somebody special there. B．He enjoyed the company of books in the library. C．He had forgotten to put Small World back into place. D．The disorganized books in the library troubled his sense of order. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Bookers did a better job than libraries. B．Bookers performed secret maintenance tasks. C．Rick made friends with Bookers the day they first met. D．Rick celebrated his following birthdays only with Bookers. 5．Which theme does the story emphasize most? A．The value of teamwork. B．The magic of kindness. C．The joy of unexpected friendships. D．The importance of birthday traditions. Passage 3 The Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2025, “parasocial”, made me think of my college years. When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers and late-night discussions about the meaning of life. But social life at my college was full of loud parties, not late-night discussions. Worse, it was a school in the American South with a different set of cultural expectations. Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in. It was a lonely time. Reading the work of people who seemed to care about the same things I did helped me feel better. “Insist on yourself (坚持自我),” Ralph Waldo Emerson advised. “Never imitate (仿效).” I could almost feel his hand on my shoulder as I stood apart from my schoolmates. I talked with other students, of course. But so often, I felt as if they could never be my friends. With friends, I imagined, there must be a real meeting of minds. Friendships come in many forms. It’s simply easier to find people who share our ideas in books and movies than in the small circle of people nearby. After all, it’s a bigger world out there. We can easily find all sorts of people writing or being written about, photographing or being photographed. We may find people we really admire, who are better-looking or smarter than anyone we know personally. It is easy to want to make friends with the characters in books and movies. Today, though, there is another choice for people who have difficulty forming connections: AI. You can create a friend that you cannot find in real life. AI can take on almost any role. In some ways, it seems like the perfect friend. But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal. We want support from our friends, and they want support from us. We want to share our news and ideas with our friends, and they want to share theirs with us. It’s comforting to know that you’re not alone in having a certain thought or fear. However, it’s also important to provide that comfort for someone else. So, celebrate your admiration for Ralph Waldo Emerson (or Taylor Swift, as the case may be). But don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different. 1．According to the author, when he went to college, he expected to ________. A．become a curious reader B．have close friendships with other book lovers C．develop parasocial friendships with book characters D．discuss the meaning of life with his professors at night 2．We can learn from the article that while in college, the author ________. ① found it challenging to fit in ② avoided talking with other students ③ was interested in attending late-night loud parties ④ formed a parasocial friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．According to the article, parasocial friendships include those with ________. ① AI    ② book characters    ③ movie characters ④ people with similar interests    ⑤ people with different interests A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 4．Which of the following words from the article is the opposite of the underlined word “reciprocal”? A．Real. B．Curious. C．One-sided. D．Comforting. 5．At the end of the article, the author suggests that people ________. A．replace real friends with AI friends B．read more books to discover like-minded friends C．be open to connecting with people who are different D．only make friends with those who share the same interests 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题08 阅读理解15篇 话题1 艺术和艺术家 话题2 发明与创造 话题3 货币与理财 话题4 时尚 话题5 自然灾害与防范 话题6 友谊 话题1 艺术和艺术家 Passage 1 Artwork is lovely to look at and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, compared to just looking at a photo of it, they may experience stronger feelings? Scientists carried out a study at the Mauritshuis Museum, the home to Girl with a Pearl Earring, a very famous painting. ① The scientists watched how people reacted (反应) to a few paintings. First, they asked the volunteers to look at the real paintings on show, and then at photos of the art works in the museum shop. ② It showed that their reactions were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. ③ How did that happen? Through study, people may experience something called the “sustained attentional cycle” when they watch a certain painting. The girl’s left eye first drew the volunteers’ attention, then her mouth, and then her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a cycle. Each time they finished the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings or dancing. She added, “It really helps develop your brain.” The scientists now want to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do research on works like Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．What’s the purpose of the study? A．To show different ways to study a painting. B．To find a better way to help people enjoy the paintings. C．To find differences between a painting and its photo. D．To study people’s reactions to real art and its photos. 2．We can put the following sentence “The team found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Which one shows the relationship between the time people spend in watching a painting(x) and people’s focus(y)? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．People’s eye movements stay in a mess when enjoying real paintings. B．Repeated eye cycles help people connect more with a painting. C．The scientists have visited other museums for further research. D．Enjoying real art does good to people’s bodies instead of their brains. 5．Which would be the best title for the text? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家在荷兰毛里茨海斯博物馆进行的一项研究，发现人们观赏真迹画作时的反应强度是看照片时的10倍，并探讨了其背后的“持续注意力循环”机制，强调了亲自观赏真实艺术品的重要性。 1．第一段指出研究的目的：“Scientists carried out a study at the Mauritshuis Museum”，并说明对比的是“when people see a real work of art, compared to just looking at a photo of it, they may experience stronger feelings”，即研究人们对真迹和照片的不同反应。 2．所给句子“The team found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.”应放在序号②处。序号①的后文描述实验过程，序号②的后句给出结论“their reactions were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings”，而所给句子是对此结论的进一步具体化，提到了具体画作《戴珍珠耳环的少女》。 3．第三段提到：“Each time they finished the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper.”说明随着观看时间（x）增加，专注度（y）不断增强，呈正相关上升趋势。 4．第三段明确说明：“This certain order of eye movements repeated in a cycle. Each time they finished the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection...was deeper.”即重复的眼球运动循环帮助人们与画作建立更深的联系。 5．全文围绕真实艺术品比照片更能引发强烈情感展开，强调了真迹的力量，因此A项“The Power of Real Works of Art”最能概括全文主旨。 Passage 2 Chinese calligraphy is an ancient and respected art form of writing Chinese characters, with a history stretching over 3,000 years. It first began in the Shang Dynasty, when people carved characters onto animal bones and tortoise shells to record important dates, events, and even divinations. As time went on, it evolved from a practical writing tool into a sophisticated art that blends culture, aesthetics, and personal expression. To practice calligraphy, artists use four traditional tools: a soft-haired brush, black ink, absorbent Xuan paper, and an inkstone for grinding ink. There are five main styles—regular, cursive, seal, official, and running—each with its own charm. Regular style is neat and easy to read, making it popular for beginners; cursive style is bold and flowing, with characters often connected in a dynamic way. The way a writer holds the brush, controls ink flow, and applies pressure can completely change the look of the work, and many believe calligraphy reflects the writer’s mood and personality. Today, Chinese calligraphy remains a beloved art and hobby. People practice it to calm their minds, improve focus, and connect with traditional culture. It is also a common sight in daily life: Spring Festival couplets on doors, inscriptions on paintings, and even school lessons that teach students to appreciate this national treasure. It has spread across the world, becoming a beautiful symbol of Chinese culture. 1．What was the earliest purpose of Chinese calligraphy? A．To create artworks. B．To record dates and events. C．To write poems. D．To decorate buildings. 2．Which of these is NOT a main calligraphy style? A．Regular. B．Cursive. C．Watercolor. D．Seal. 3．How is the passage organized? A．Introduction→History→Tools & Styles→Modern Status B．History→Tools→Styles→Conclusion C．Culture→Art→Hobbies→Festivals D．Introduction→Art→History→Popularity 4．Why do people practice calligraphy today? A．To make money. B．To calm their minds and improve focus. C．To learn to paint. D．To become famous. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Tools of Chinese Calligraphy B．Chinese Calligraphy: From Past to Present C．How to Learn Calligraphy Well D．Popular Art Forms in China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国书法这一古老而受人尊敬的艺术形式，从其起源、工具与风格，到如今的地位与影响，全面展现了书法从古至今的发展历程。 1．第一段指出：“when people carved characters onto animal bones and tortoise shells to record important dates, events, and even divinations”，说明中国书法最早的目的是记录日期和事件，而非创作艺术品。 2．第二段明确列出五种主要字体：“There are five main styles—regular, cursive, seal, official, and running”，其中并未包含“Watercolor”，因此C选项不属于书法字体。 3．文章结构为：第一段为Introduction（引入书法概念及历史起源）→第一段后半部分涉及History（从商代演变而来）→第二段介绍Tools & Styles（四种工具和五种字体）→第三段讲述Modern Status（当今的地位与影响），因此选A。 4．第三段明确说明：“People practice it to calm their minds, improve focus, and connect with traditional culture”，直接对应B选项“To calm their minds and improve focus”。 5．全文从书法的古代起源讲到当今的普及与传播，最能概括全文主旨的标题是B选项“Chinese Calligraphy: From Past to Present（中国书法：从古至今）”。 话题2 发明与创造 Passage 1 On April 19, 2026, the Beijing E-Town Half Marathon and Humanoid Robot (人形机器人) Half Marathon was held successfully. It is the world’s first humanoid robot half marathon of its kind, and 2026 was its second year, with the first event held in 2025. Now it has become a famous global event to test and improve humanoid robot technologies. After exciting competition, a robot called Shandian, developed by Honor’s Monkey King Team, won first prize. It finished the 21.0975-kilometer race in 50 minutes and 26 seconds. The 2025 champion used almost 2 hours and 41 minutes to finish the same race, so this year’s result was a big step forward. It also set a new men’s world record for the humanoid robot half marathon. The great result shows modern robots are much better in running speed, balance and body endurance. The race started at Kechuang 17th Street and finished at Nanhaizi Park. The road passed through famous places in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, with different road conditions: flat roads, slopes and curves. All these made the race a difficult real-world test for the robot runners. The robot players were divided into two groups: fully autonomous robots and remotely (远程地) controlled robots. To support the development of independent smart technology, the running time of remotely controlled robots would be multiplied by 1.2. This year, nearly 40 percent of teams used fully autonomous robots, far more than last year. This event is not only a sports game. It helps the research, production and use of robot technologies, and gives real tests for embodied intelligence. It also shows China’s fast progress in humanoid robots and supports creative growth of the global high-end equipment industry. 1．When was the first Humanoid Robot Half Marathon held? A．In 2024. B．In 2025. C．In 2026. D．In 2027. 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．Monkey King Team. B．An exciting competition. C．A robot named Shandian. D．Half marathon. 3．Why is the race a big challenge for robots? A．Because it is too short for most robots. B．Because it has different difficult road conditions. C．Because there are no landmarks along the way. D．Because all roads are smooth and flat. 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．All robots share the same time rules in the competition. B．Fewer teams chose autonomous robots this year. C．The event plays a big role in robot technology development. D．Remotely controlled robots can get free extra time. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Famous Sports Meeting in Beijing B．Great Progress of Humanoid Robots C．A Robot Half Marathon and Its Meaning D．Different Kinds of Smart Robots 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了北京亦庄人形机器人半程马拉松的赛事情况、比赛结果、赛道与分组，以及赛事的技术意义。 1．文章第一段第二句“2026 was its second year, with the first event held in 2025.”指出，首届赛事在2025年举办。 2．根据第二段内容，前一句提到“a robot called Shandian, developed by Honor’s Monkey King Team, won first prize”，紧接着用“It”指代同一主语，说明该机器人以50分26秒完赛，因此“It”指代“一个名叫‘闪电’的机器人”。 3．文章第三段第二句“with different road conditions: flat roads, slopes and curves.”指出，赛道有多种复杂路况，对机器人是很大挑战。 4．文章最后一段第二句“It helps the research, production and use of robot technologies…”指出，该赛事对机器人技术发展有重要作用。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一场人形机器人半程马拉松比赛的具体情况，以及该赛事对机器人技术发展的推动意义。选项C“一场机器人半程马拉松及其意义”最全面准确地概括了主旨。 Passage 2 Street lights are all around us, but we often forget how much we need them until the power goes out. When that happens, everything gets dark and the world turns into a dangerous place for people and cars. A long time ago, around 500 BC, the Chinese used bamboo pipes (竹管) and natural gas to create burning torches (火把) to light up the streets. Later, ancient Romans used lights that burned vegetable oil. The first public street lighting began in 1417, when the leader of London gave the order to hang lanterns outside homes during the winter months. This marked the beginning of organized public street lighting, which made a big difference to cities across the world. Fast-forward four centuries to the 1800s, when Baltimore became the first American city to put gas street lights on poles (杆子). This was a big step forward from the old ways of lighting up cities. In 1878, Paris began using the first electric street lights: arc lamps (弧光灯). However, the light from arc lamps was too bright and strong for people’s eyes, so these lamps didn’t stay in use for long. In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the incandescent light bulb (白炽灯泡). It offered a softer and nicer light and became the new standard. It quickly took the place of the arc lamp. However, street lighting didn’t stop there. From the 1960s to the early 21st century, sodium lamps (钠灯) were very common. More recently, LED street lights have taken over because they use less energy and last longer. As technology continues to develop, even better street lights may provide a brighter future for everyone at night. 1．What materials did the ancient Chinese use for the burning torches? A．Natural gas and electricity. B．Electricity and vegetable oil C．Bamboo pipes and natural gas. D．Vegetable oil and bamboo pipes. 2．What happened in 1417? A．The first arc lamps were used in Rome. B．Paris began using the first electric street lights. C．The public street lighting appeared in London for the first time. D．Baltimore became the first city to put gas street lights on poles. 3．Which is the right order of appearance of the following types of lighting? a. Arc lamps.         b. LED lights. c. Sodium lamps.     d. Incandescent light bulbs. A．a→b→d→c B．a→d→c→b C．d→a→b→c D．d→c→a→b 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage proper use of street lights. B．To compare different kinds of street lights. C．To explain the importance of street lighting. D．To introduce the development of street lighting. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了路灯的发展历史，从古代中国和罗马的早期照明方式，到伦敦的公共路灯出现，再到煤气灯、弧光灯、白炽灯、钠灯和LED灯的技术演进。 1．由第二段“the Chinese used bamboo pipes and natural gas to create burning torches”可知，古代中国人使用竹管和天然气制作燃烧的火把。 2．由第三段“The first public street lighting began in 1417, when the leader of London gave the order to hang lanterns outside homes”可知，1417年伦敦首次出现了公共街道照明。 3．由第四段“In 1878, Paris began using the first electric street lights: arc lamps”可知，弧光灯 (a) 出现于1878年；由第五段“In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the incandescent light bulb”可知，白炽灯泡 (d) 出现于1879年；由第五段“From the 1960s to the early 21st century, sodium lamps were very common”可知，钠灯 (c) 出现于1960年之后；由第五段“More recently, LED street lights have taken over”可知，LED灯 (b) 是最近才普及的。 4．文章结构为“总—分—总”：第一段引出路灯的重要性；第二至五段按时间顺序介绍路灯的发展历史；第六段总结展望未来。 5．全文按照时间顺序系统介绍了路灯从古代到现代的发展历程，因此写作目的是介绍路灯的发展。 话题3 货币与理财 Passage 1 Children’s MonthlyNovember Issue(期) Things you need or Things you want ?Think before you buy By Kate Yang Things you needEvery day, we need to eat and drink. When you are thirsty, you need a glass of water. When you are hungry, you need some bread. Things you wantYour classmates have a beautiful schoolbag. You want to have one, too. But your schoolbag still looks new. This is what you want but not what you need. Who pays for what you wantWhen you go shopping, you want a new toy. Your parents work around the clock to make money. Keep your pocket moneyKeep your pocket money and give some to the people in need. This can make you feel happy. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．This may be the _________ issue of Children’s Monthly this year. A．9th B．10th C．11th D．12th 2．According to the passage, what can really make you happy? A．Going shopping. B．Eating and drinking. C．Getting a beautiful schoolbag. D．Helping people with pocket money. 3．The text is mainly about _________. A．things you want B．how to spend money C．who pays for you D．your pocket money 4．Who may be the readers of this passage? A．Kids. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Workers. 5．What does the writer mean by saying “Your parents work around the clock”？ A．They go to work early every day. B．They put the clocks on their office desks. C．They are fond of running. D．They work day and night. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇刊登在《儿童月刊》上的短文，旨在教育孩子们区分“需要”和“想要”，并引导他们理性消费，通过帮助他人获得快乐。 1．文章开头明确标注了“November Issue”（十一月期），一年有12个月，因此十一月是一年的第11期。 2．文章在“Keep your pocket money”部分提到“Keep your pocket money and give some to the people in need. This can make you feel happy.”（存下你的零花钱，并分一些给有需要的人。这会让你感到快乐。），说明真正能带来快乐的是用零花钱帮助他人。 3．文章通过区分“需要”和“想要”，并讨论谁来为“想要”的东西付钱，最终落脚于如何明智地处理零花钱，核心是教导孩子如何花钱。 4．文章标题为“Children’s Monthly”（儿童月刊），内容使用简单的语言和贴近儿童生活的例子（如同学、书包、玩具），显然是写给孩子们看的。 5．短语“work around the clock”是一个习语，意为“夜以继日地工作”或“全天候工作”，形象地说明了父母工作的辛苦。 Passage 2 With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (无现金的) payments are nothing new. Now, China is going further by encouraging more people to use digital (数字的) yuan or e-CNY, a digital currency (货币). Jiangsu province will encourage the use of e-CNY in its education system, according to a recent plan by the Jiangsu Education Department. By December of this year students in Jiangsu will probably pay tuition fees (学费), exam fees and receive scholarships (奖学金) in e-CNY. To use e-CNY, people just need to download (下载) the e-CNY app and open an account (账户). “The functions (功能) of e-CNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the former is digital,” Mu Changchun, director of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Research Institute, told China Daily. But e-CNY is much safer compared to Alipay and WeChat payment. E-commerce (电子商务) platforms that accept payments by e-CNY will not have access to users’ personal information. “Users’ privacy protection with e-CNY is at the highest level among all existing payment tools,” said Mu. In addition, “the use of e-CNY can reduce transaction (交易) costs for smaller businesses,” said Zhou Maohua who works at China Everbright Bank. At present, third-party payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat ask for certain fees when money is transferred (转账) through them. E-CNY payment, however, can transfer money directly from buyers to sellers, which will greatly reduce transaction costs. E-CNY has been trialed (试点) in 17 provinces and cities, such as Suzhou, Shenzhen and Chengdu. China is still working to expand (扩大) its usage in more areas. 1．At the very beginning of the passage, Alipay and WeChat are mentioned to ________. A．give examples B．introduce the background C．list numbers D．surprise the readers 2．What can the students do by e-CNY? A．Get scholarships. B．Open an account. C．Download the e-CNY app. D．Pay all fees. 3．What’s the advantage of digital yuan according to the passage? A．The functions are more than those of Alipay and WeChat payment. B．Digital yuan is much safer than any other payment tool. C．17 provinces will use digital yuan instead of Alipay and WeChat payment. D．It will greatly protect users’ personal information by digital yuan. 4．What is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．The safety protection about e-CNY. B．The disadvantages of e-CNY. C．The transaction costs about e-CNY. D．The popularity of e-CNY. 5．The writer’s writing purpose is to ________. A．create greater business opportunities B．call on people to use digital yuan C．change the way all people pay fees D．lead people to protect their privacy 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字人民币的特点和功能。 1．推理判断题。根据“With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (无 现 金 的) payments are nothing new. Now, China is going further by encouraging more people to use digital (数字的) yuan or e-CNY, a digital currency (货币).”可推知，提到支付宝和微信是为了介绍数字人民币的背景，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“By December of this year students in Jiangsu will probably pay tuition fees (学费), exam fees and receive scholarships (奖学金) in e-CNY.”可知，学生可以通过数字人民币收到奖学金，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Users’ privacy protection with e-CNY is at the highest level among all existing payment tools”可知，在现有的所有支付工具中，数字人民币对用户的隐私保护处于最高水平，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“the use of e-CNY can reduce transaction (交易) costs for smaller businesses ... E-CNY payment, however, can transfer money directly from buyers to sellers, which will greatly reduce transaction costs.”可知，本段提到了数字人民币的交易成本，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“China is still working to expand (扩大) its usage in more areas.”及全文内容可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们使用数字人民币，故选B。 话题4 时尚 Passage 1 According to media reports on Wednesday, Zhang Zening, a woman from Nanjing City, East China’s Jiangsu Province, has made more than 50 sets of Hanfu, or traditional Chinese costume (服装). Zhang majored in materials science and engineering when she was in college, and she gave up her job after falling in love with Hanfu. It has been 10 years since Zhang made Hanfu by herself because those of her favorite styles were not for sale. She taught herself painting and costume design, and visited a dozen Chinese cities to explore museums, as well as to draw inspiration from murals (壁画) and literature, before making over 50 different Hanfu from past dynasties. Zhang said the design of Hanfu was inspired by the murals of past dynasties. “What I did is not only to restore (使复原) a piece of clothing, but more to feel the culture Hanfu possesses, as well as the inspiration and significance (意义) of the mural, which made me very touched and glad,” she said. In July this year, a group of international students from Canada visited Zhang, hoping to work together to restore Hanfu based on murals that have been lost overseas. Zhang is excited about the project, saying, “Even if the national treasures cannot return to the country, restoring Hanfu based on them allows these lost treasures to be seen by more people. It’s also a contribution from us young people.” 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a report. B．By showing the beauty of Hanfu. C．By studying the styles of Hanfu. D．By introducing who Zhang Zening is. 2．Why did Zhang Zening give up her job? A．Because she was tired of her job very much. B．Because she wanted to learn to paint from murals. C．Because she would like to study murals and literature. D．Because she wanted to study painting and costume design to make Hanfu. 3．The meaning of the underlined word “possesses” in Paragraph 3 may be close to _______. A．owns B．produces C．finds D．creates 4．What can we infer about Zhang Zening from the last paragraph? ①She is doing something very meaningful. ②She wants more people to see the restored Hanfu based on murals that have been lost overseas. ③Her restoration techniques have been recognized by Canadian students. ④She is a person who can bring a national treasure back to the motherland. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ 5．The passage may come from ________. A．a cultural magazine B．a research report C．a science magazine D．a travel magazine 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了近年来汉服变得越来越流行，南京女孩张泽宁在市场上买不到自己喜欢的款式，于是自己动手制作汉服。 1．细节理解题。根据“According to media reports on Wednesday”可知，文章以讲述一篇报道开头。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“and she gave up her job after falling in love with Hanfu. It has been 10 years since Zhang made Hanfu by herself because those of her favorite styles were not for sale.”可知，张泽宁放弃工作是因为想学习制作汉服。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“What I did is not only to restore (使复原) a piece of clothing, but more to feel the culture Hanfu possesses, as well as the inspiration and significance (意义) of the mural, which made me very touched and glad”我所做的不仅仅是还原一件衣服，更多的是感受汉服所具有的文化，以及壁画的灵感和意义，这让我非常感动和高兴，可知此处的possesses应该是“拥有”的意思。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“group of international students from Canada visited Zhang, hoping to work together to restore Hanfu based on murals that have been lost overseas.”和“restoring Hanfu based on them allows these lost treasures to be seen by more people. It’s also a contribution from us young people.”可知，她希望更多的人能看到流失的汉服，同时她的修复技术得到了加拿大学生的认可，她做的事情非常有意义。①②③正确。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文讲述了中国传统服饰汉服的相关内容，可知文章可能来自一本文化相关的杂志。故选A。 Passage 2 Have you ever felt excited about very cheap and fashionable clothes in shops every few weeks? You can update your wardrobe(更新你的衣橱) without spending too much money. But have you ever stopped to think: Why are these clothes so cheap? The answer lies in something called “fast fashion”. “Fast fashion” refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time. However, many of these clothes quickly wear out or go out of style. Their price tags also do not include the environmental costs behind them. “The problem starts with how we think about fashion,” says Kirsi, a fashion researcher. “Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away,” she says. Even if a piece of clothing stays in your wardrobe for years, you might only wear it about 40 times. Besides, “fast fashion” pollutes the environment seriously. A study by Kirsi’s team found that the fashion industry leads to 8 to 10% of global carbon waste (全球碳排放) and 20% of the world’s water pollution from factories. When you buy a new fast-fashion shirt, you are not just paying money to the shop. You are also making pollution worse. You waste energy in transportation and create rubbish when your shirt is worn out and thrown away. The “low cost” of the shirt is actually paid by our Earth. It is really attractive for us to get bargains easily. But just like there is no “free lunch” in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth. 1．“Fast fashion” is _________. A．a popular idea of buying many clothes and throwing them away B．a business way of quickly making and selling lots of cheap clothes C．a shopping habit of buying new clothes with very little money D．a kind of clothing that breaks easily and goes out of style 2．Why does the writer mention “you might only wear it about 40 times” in Paragraph 3? A．To teach us how to wear clothes more often. B．To explain clothes can be kept for many years. C．To tell us to clean our wardrobe regularly. D．To show we wear clothes for a very short time. 3．Which of the following is NOT true when you buy a new fast-fashion shirt? A．You make pollution worse. B．Energy is wasted in transportation. C．Rubbish is created by the shop. D．You pay money to the shop. 4．The underlined word “bargains” means “_________”. A．cheap goods B．affordable clothes C．different samples D．formal agreements 5．What does the writer want to tell us? A．To let people care more about the environment. B．To tell people to think carefully before buying clothes. C．To ask experts to work out environmental problems. D．To tell fashion industry to protect our Earth. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“快时尚”现象，即服装行业快速生产大量低价衣物，并频繁更新款式，使得消费者能不断购买新衣，揭开快时尚服装行业“价格低廉”的背后造成的环境问题。 1．本题问快时尚的定义，根据文章第二段“‘Fast fashion’ refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time.”可知，快时尚是大量生产和销售便宜衣服的行业。 2．根据文章第三段“Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away.”可知，作者举例说一件衣服在衣橱很多年，可能也只会穿40次左右，是为了说明“大多数人有很多衣服，并且只会穿很短的一段时间就扔掉了。” 3．本题为选非题，文章第四段详细说明了快时尚消费行为对环境带来的影响，根据“You are also making pollution worse.”、“You waste energy in transportation...”和“you are not just paying money to the shop...”可知，快时尚行为“加剧了污染”、“运输过程中浪费了能源”、“不只付钱给店铺（即给店铺付了钱）”，文章并没有提及“店铺产生垃圾”。 4．根据文章第五段“the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth.”可知，“bargains”是以便宜的价格买到的商品。 5．根据文章最后一段“But just like there is no ‘free lunch’ in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth.”可知，作者写文章的目的是通过揭示快时尚的环境代价，引导读者在购买衣物时做出更理性、负责任的选择。 Passage 3 Nowadays, wearing suitable clothes has become an important part of people’s daily life. Different occasions need different dressing styles, and most teenagers pay much attention to their own looks and clothing choices. When students go to school, school uniforms are the necessary clothes. Uniforms not only keep all students neat and tidy, but also reduce the comparison among classmates. Many students once complain that uniforms are simple and boring, but teachers explain that uniforms stand for the image of the whole class and school. On weekends and holidays, teenagers have more freedom to choose clothes. Most boys prefer sportswear, such as basketball suits and running jackets. These clothes are loose and comfortable, perfect for playing ball games, climbing mountains or hanging out with friends. Girls love fashionable dresses, casual sweaters and jeans. They match different clothes and accessories to show their personal characteristics. Some young people also like traditional Chinese clothes like Hanfu. Walking on the street in traditional costumes always draws people’s attention. Besides personal hobbies, dressing also relates to social manners. If you take part in a birthday party, bright and lively clothes are proper. When attending a funeral, people choose dark and plain clothes to show respect. Business workers wear formal suits to look professional. Weather is another key factor. Thick down coats keep us warm in cold winter, while thin T-shirts and shorts are people’s first choice in hot summer. Parents always remind kids not to pursue expensive famous brand clothes blindly. True beauty comes from kind hearts, good manners and excellent grades, not luxurious clothing. Simple, clean and suitable dressing is always the best choice for young students. Learning to dress properly helps teenagers grow into polite and elegant people. 1．Why do schools ask students to wear uniforms? A．To make students look different. B．To avoid unnecessary comparison. C．To satisfy students’ fashion needs. D．To save students’ pocket money. 2．What kind of clothes do most boys like in free time? A．Hanfu. B．Dresses. C．Sportswear. D．Sweaters. 3．Which clothes are suitable for a serious funeral? A．Dark plain clothes. B．Bright colorful suits. C．Loose sport clothes. D．Fashion casual wear. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Uniforms are popular with all students. B．Dressing style has nothing to do with weather. C．Traditional clothes never attract people’s eyes. D．Proper dressing shows good social manners. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Different choices and meanings of dressing. B．The advantages of expensive brand clothes. C．How to buy cheap and beautiful clothes. D．Teenagers’ unhappy school life. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同场景下的着装选择，讲述了校服、休闲服饰、社交场合着装的特点，同时强调合适的着装与礼仪、内涵的重要性。 1．第一段提到“Uniforms not only keep all students neat and tidy, but also reduce the comparison among classmates.”，说明学校要求穿校服是为了减少同学之间不必要的攀比。 2．第二段明确说明“Most boys prefer sportswear, such as basketball suits and running jackets.”，由此可知，大部分男孩在空闲时间喜欢运动装。 3．第三段指出“When attending a funeral, people choose dark and plain clothes to show respect.”，说明参加严肃的葬礼时，朴素深色的衣物是合适的选择。 4．第三段开头提到“Besides personal hobbies, dressing also relates to social manners.”，说明得体的着装能够体现良好的社交礼仪，其余选项均与原文表述不符。 5．文章分别介绍了校园、休闲、社交等不同场景的着装选择，以及着装背后的意义，因此主旨是着装的不同选择与内涵。 话题5 自然灾害与防范 Passage 1 What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm, happening in the western Pacific Ocean. Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water. The heat from the water makes the air rise, and the winds begin to spin. Over the warm sea, this spinning wind and storm grow stronger. Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours. Check if your house is strong enough for high winds. Fix weak (不牢固的) areas if needed. Fishermen: move boats to a safe place. Cover windows with strong boards or sticks. Prepare flashlights. Also, get candles (蜡烛) and matches. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What gives a typhoon its energy? A．Warm ocean water. B．Heat from the sun. C．Wind from the land. D．Cold air over the ocean. 2．When a typhoon is near, how often should we check weather reports? A．Every 3 hours. B．Every 6 hours. C．Every 12 hours. D．Every 24 hours. 3．According to the text, which food should we store before a typhoon? A．Beef. B．Bread. C．Potatoes. D．Fresh fish. 4．Which of the following does the text NOT advise to put in an emergency kit? A．Knives. B．Clothes. C．Money. D．Medicine. 5．Where may we read the text? A．In a history book. B．In a diary. C．In a storybook. D．On a weather website. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了什么是台风、台风的能量来源，以及台风来临前人们应该做哪些准备工作。 1．根据文章第一段“Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water.”可知，台风的能量来自温暖的海水。 2．根据文章内容“When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours.”可知，当台风靠近时，应每六小时查看一次天气报告。 3．根据文章内容“Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking.”可知，应储存不需要烹饪的食物。Bread（面包）是即食食物，不需要烹饪；而牛肉、土豆、鲜鱼都需要烹饪。 4．根据文章最后一句“Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on.”可知，急救包中包含药、刀、衣服等，并未提到money（钱）。 5．根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍台风的相关知识及台风前的防范措施，属于天气科普类文章，最有可能出现在天气网站上。 Passage 2 One day, a serious earthquake hit an area and killed many people in a few minutes. A man asked his wife to stay at home safely. Then he left home quickly and ran to his son’s school. When he arrived at the school, he found that the teaching building fell down. He felt sad when he saw that. At first, he didn’t know where to find his son. However, he remembered his promise to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he started digging (挖) there. He dug for 8 hours, 18 hours, 28 hours. Some other parents gave up and they left one by one. The police said there might be aftershocks (余震) and that he must leave. To each person, he asked, “Are you going to help me?” Then he kept digging. Finally, after 38 hours, he moved away a large stone and heard his son. He called his son’s name, “Armand!” “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that you would come to save us.” “What’s going on there?” the father asked. The son answered, “There are 14 students, Dad. We’re scared, hungry and thirsty. I’m very thankful you’re here.” The father shouted, “Come out, son!” The son said, “Let the other kids go out first. I’m OK. No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!” The father agreed with his son. He was sure that he was able to save all the students. He did it. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Why did the police try to stop the father? A．Because he needed to rest. B．Because the kids were missing. C．Because they thought he was mad. D．Because there might be aftershocks. 2．What is the correct order according to the text? a. When the father arrived at his son’s school, he found the teaching building fell down. b. As the father was digging, other parents left one by one. c. A serious earthquake happened. d. The police said there might be aftershocks and that the father must leave. e. The father kept digging. A．c — a — b — d — e B．c — a — e — b — d C．a — c — b — e — d D．a — c — e — b — d 3．How many students were there? A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14. 4．Who would the father save first? A．His wife. B．His son. C．The teachers. D．The other kids. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read this text? A．Sports. B．Local News. C．History. D．Health. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了一位父亲在地震后信守对儿子的承诺，不顾余震危险和他人劝阻，连续挖掘38小时，最终成功救出儿子及其他14名同学的故事。 1．文章第三段“The police said there might be aftershocks (余震) and that he must leave.”可知，警察试图阻止父亲是因为现场可能有余震，存在危险。 2．原文顺序梳理事件：c：“a serious earthquake hit an area”地震发生——最早发生。a：“When he arrived... the teaching building fell down”父亲到达学校发现教学楼倒塌——紧接地震后。b：“Some other parents gave up and they left one by one”父亲挖掘时其他家长陆续离开——发生在挖掘过程中。d：“The police said... he must leave”警察警告余震并要求父亲离开——也在挖掘过程中，且发生在部分家长离开之后。e：“Then he kept digging”父亲继续挖掘——这是最终持续的动作。注意选项A的“c—a—b—d—e”符合事件逻辑顺序。 3．根据文中儿子回答父亲的话“There are 14 students, Dad.”可知，废墟下共有14名学生。 4．倒数第二段儿子说“Let the other kids go out first. ”以及最后一段“The father agreed with his son.”可知，父亲最后决定先救其他孩子。 5．本文讲述的是地震发生后一位父亲挖掘废墟救儿子的真实感人故事，属于社会新闻事件，最可能出现在报纸的“本地新闻(Local News)”栏目。 Passage 3 A tsunami (海啸) is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches (靠近) the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore (海岸) very quickly (like a very low tide (低潮), or a loud roar (轰鸣) from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1．What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2．What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3．What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5．What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、传播特征、靠近海岸时的变化以及预警信号，旨在普及相关知识并指导紧急应对。 1．第一段第二句“It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes.”表明，海啸主要是由海底地震引起的。 2．第二段第二句“However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller...”说明，海啸波靠近海岸时会变得更高。 3．根据第二段“...in the deep ocean...However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water”，与“deep ocean”相对，靠近海岸的水域是“浅水区”，因此“shallower”意为“更浅的”，即“not deep”。 4．第三段第一句“Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake..., the ocean pulling back...or a loud roar from the ocean.”说明，海岸附近发生强烈或持续时间长的地震、海水迅速退去、海面传来巨大的声响三项均被提及为海啸的前兆。 5．第三段第二、三句“If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning.”直接点明，应立即转移到地势较高的地方。 话题6 友谊 Passage 1 One day two young men were going through the forest. One said to the other, “We’re good friends. We must help each other. If any beast (野兽) comes at you, I’ll stay with you and help you.” The other friend said, “I will help you too, if any beast comes at you.” They walked on. After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear. The young men ran away quickly. One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up. So he threw himself at the foot of the tree. He thought to himself, “The bear will think that I am dead.” Soon the bear came near. The bear looked at the fat young man, then it put its nose down and smelled him. The young man held his breath. The bear thought he was dead, so it went away. The man in the tree came down. With a smile he asked his friend, “The bear put its mouth so near to your ear. What did it say to you?” The friend answered, “The bear said, ‘Don’t trust your friend. He ran away from you when you needed his help the most. Remember: A friend in need is a friend indeed.’” 1．The two men said they would ________ if any beast came. A．help each other B．run away C．beat the bear D．beat each other 2．Who made a great noise? A．The fat man. B．The thin man. C．The bear. D．The friend. 3．________ climbed up into a tree. A．Both young men B．The bear C．The thin man D．The fat man 4．How did the fat young man save his life? A．He pretended to be dead. B．The other man helped him. C．The bear was very kind. D．A and C． 5．Did the bear really say anything to the fat young man? A．Yes, it did. B．No, it didn’t. C．Yes, it was. D．No, it wasn’t. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了两个朋友在森林里遇到熊的故事。其中一人爬树避难，另一人因太胖爬不上树而装死逃生。故事揭示了“患难见真情”的道理。 1．根据第一段中“We must help each other. If any beast... comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.” 可知，两人承诺如果有野兽来，他们会互相帮助。故选A。 2．根据第三段中“After a while there was a great noise. It was a big bear.” 可知，发出巨大噪音的是一只大熊。故选C。 3．根据第三段中“One of them got up into a tree. But the other was fat and could not climb up.” 可知，其中一人爬上了树，而另一个胖的人爬不上去。由此推断，爬上树的是那位不胖（瘦）的朋友。故选C。 4．根据第三段和第四段描述，胖年轻人躺在树下屏住呼吸，让熊以为他死了（“The bear thought he was dead”），从而救了自己。故选A。 5．首先，熊不会说人话；其次，问句是由Did引导的一般疑问句，否定回答应用“No, it didn’t”。朋友说的话其实是讽刺那位抛弃他的同伴。故选B。 Passage 2 Rick Dodson said goodbye to Mrs. Rio. As he turned the key in the library door, he felt the pressure of his new life in this strange place. It was his birthday, but the idea of celebrating alone was a big worry. His first plan was to go to the Cupcake Cafe before it closed at 5:30 p.m. . It was a small comfort in an otherwise (原本是) normal day. But as he walked past the messy table of books in his office, his thoughts went back to the past six months. He had moved across the country for this librarian job. He had met many people, but he still didn’t have any real friends. Later that evening, sitting in his living room full of books, Rick felt restless. The sight of the untidy books at the library upset his sense of order. Even though it was his birthday, he decided to go back to the library. He was pushed by an inner need to put the books back in their proper places. When he entered the library, he found a book, on the floor, Small World, with its cover facing down as if it was silently blaming him. Carefully, Rick bent down and gently picked up the book. Suddenly, four tiny figures rushed out, running to get out of the way as the book fell to the floor. “Mr. Dodson,” a voice said. “we’re very happy to meet you.” Rick’s eyes opened wide in surprise as he stuttered (结巴地说), “What… who…?” “We’re the Bookers!” the one named William said. “This is Emily, and our kids, Harry and Clementine. And by the way, happy birthday!” The Bookers then explained that they had looked at his file when he arrived six months ago. That’s how they knew it was his birthday. They talked about their job of keeping the library in good shape. Harry was proud of his nightly rodents (啮齿动物) patrols (巡逻). He kept the annoying mice away. Clementine made sure the chairs didn’t make any noise. William and Emily sharpened the pencils every night. They said that bookers and libraries were closely connected and worked well together in the world of knowledge. At first, Rick was very surprised. His mind had a hard time understanding this unexpected meeting. But as the Bookers kept talking, their honesty showed. In the days and months after that, he agreed to be friends with them. Gradually, Rick made other friends in his community. Every year on his birthday, Rick made sure to bring lots of cupcakes to share the happiness with all his friends, including the dear Bookers. 1．What can we infer from Paragraph 1 about Rick Dodson? A．He was fighting with loneliness in his new life. B．The Cupcake Cafe was his regular after-work place. C．He was deeply unhappy with his new job as a librarian. D．He liked celebrating his birthday alone instead of with others. 2．What does the word “restless” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．extremely angry B．unable to relax C．physically tired D．emotionally depressed 3．Why did Rick decide to go back to the library on his birthday? A．He hoped to meet somebody special there. B．He enjoyed the company of books in the library. C．He had forgotten to put Small World back into place. D．The disorganized books in the library troubled his sense of order. 4．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Bookers did a better job than libraries. B．Bookers performed secret maintenance tasks. C．Rick made friends with Bookers the day they first met. D．Rick celebrated his following birthdays only with Bookers. 5．Which theme does the story emphasize most? A．The value of teamwork. B．The magic of kindness. C．The joy of unexpected friendships. D．The importance of birthday traditions. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Rick Dodson在新地方工作生活，生日时独自面对孤独，后因图书馆里书籍的杂乱返回图书馆，意外结识了“Bookers”一家，最终收获了意想不到的友谊，并在之后的日子里与他们以及其他社区朋友共同庆祝生日的故事。 1．第一段提到“It was his birthday, but the idea of celebrating alone was a big worry.”以及“He had moved across the country for this librarian job. He had met many people, but he still didn’t have any real friends.”，这直接表明Rick在新生活中独自面对生日，没有真正的朋友，正与孤独作斗争。 2．第二段提到“The sight of the untidy books at the library upset his sense of order. Even though it was his birthday, he decided to go back to the library.”，因为图书馆里杂乱的书让他内心不安，即便生日也决定回图书馆，由此可推测“restless”意思是无法放松。 3．第二段说明原因：“The sight of the untidy books at the library upset his sense of order.”，图书馆里杂乱的书打乱了他的秩序感，所以他决定回图书馆。 4．第四段提到“They talked about their job of keeping the library in good shape. Harry was proud of his nightly rodents (啮齿动物) patrols (巡逻). He kept the annoying mice away. Clementine made sure the chairs didn’t make any noise. William and Emily sharpened the pencils every night.”，说明Bookers执行着秘密的维护任务。 5．最后一段提到：“In the days and months after that, he agreed to be friends with them. Gradually, Rick made other friends in his community. Every year on his birthday, Rick made sure to bring lots of cupcakes to share the happiness with all his friends, including the dear Bookers.”，说明故事强调的是意外收获友谊的喜悦。 Passage 3 The Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2025, “parasocial”, made me think of my college years. When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers and late-night discussions about the meaning of life. But social life at my college was full of loud parties, not late-night discussions. Worse, it was a school in the American South with a different set of cultural expectations. Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in. It was a lonely time. Reading the work of people who seemed to care about the same things I did helped me feel better. “Insist on yourself (坚持自我),” Ralph Waldo Emerson advised. “Never imitate (仿效).” I could almost feel his hand on my shoulder as I stood apart from my schoolmates. I talked with other students, of course. But so often, I felt as if they could never be my friends. With friends, I imagined, there must be a real meeting of minds. Friendships come in many forms. It’s simply easier to find people who share our ideas in books and movies than in the small circle of people nearby. After all, it’s a bigger world out there. We can easily find all sorts of people writing or being written about, photographing or being photographed. We may find people we really admire, who are better-looking or smarter than anyone we know personally. It is easy to want to make friends with the characters in books and movies. Today, though, there is another choice for people who have difficulty forming connections: AI. You can create a friend that you cannot find in real life. AI can take on almost any role. In some ways, it seems like the perfect friend. But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal. We want support from our friends, and they want support from us. We want to share our news and ideas with our friends, and they want to share theirs with us. It’s comforting to know that you’re not alone in having a certain thought or fear. However, it’s also important to provide that comfort for someone else. So, celebrate your admiration for Ralph Waldo Emerson (or Taylor Swift, as the case may be). But don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different. 1．According to the author, when he went to college, he expected to ________. A．become a curious reader B．have close friendships with other book lovers C．develop parasocial friendships with book characters D．discuss the meaning of life with his professors at night 2．We can learn from the article that while in college, the author ________. ① found it challenging to fit in ② avoided talking with other students ③ was interested in attending late-night loud parties ④ formed a parasocial friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．According to the article, parasocial friendships include those with ________. ① AI    ② book characters    ③ movie characters ④ people with similar interests    ⑤ people with different interests A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 4．Which of the following words from the article is the opposite of the underlined word “reciprocal”? A．Real. B．Curious. C．One-sided. D．Comforting. 5．At the end of the article, the author suggests that people ________. A．replace real friends with AI friends B．read more books to discover like-minded friends C．be open to connecting with people who are different D．only make friends with those who share the same interests 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述作者大学时难以融入集体，形成准社交友谊，并对比其与真实友谊，建议人们敞开心扉交友。 1．第一段提到“When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers”，说明作者期望和爱书的人建立亲密友谊。 2．第一段指出“Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in.”，说明作者难以融入，对应①；第二段写到作者从Ralph Waldo Emerson的文字中获得陪伴，属于准社交友谊，对应④。 3．文中提到人们会和书中、电影中的角色交友，还可以通过AI创造朋友，这些都属于准社交友谊，由此确定①②③正确。 4．第四段提到“But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal.”，两句话形成对比，可知one‑sided是reciprocal的反义词。 5．最后一段建议“don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different”，说明作者建议人们主动接触不同的人。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $