专题03 词汇运用题（期末专项训练）五年级英语下学期（外研版三起·新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦动词时态、固定搭配等核心考点，通过“规律-搭配-步骤”三维解题体系，系统提升词汇运用能力，培养语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题小技巧|4类核心规律+5类固定搭配+4步解题法|动词时态“时间词锁定法”、固定搭配“规则秒填法”、四步核对法|从核心考点规律到通用解题流程，形成“识别-判断-应用-验证”逻辑链| |题型一（根据提示完成句子）|35题（首字母+汉语提示）|首字母填空“语境联想+单元短语”、汉语提示“时态匹配+词性判断”|覆盖名词复数、动词不规则变化等基础考点，与单元核心词汇紧密关联| |题型二（用所给词适当形式填空）|35题|动词形式“时态标志词定位法”、主谓一致“三单规则”|通过时态对比（过去/现在）、词性转换，构建词形变化知识网络|

专项03 词汇运用题 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】根据首字母及汉语提示完成句子 03【题型二】用所给词的适当形式填空 解题小技巧 本次词汇运用核心考查动词形式变化、名词单复数、词性转换、固定搭配、根据首字母补词等考点，题型包含汉译英、词形变换、首字母填空，掌握以下技巧能快速准确完成填词，提升做题效率~ 一、抓 “核心类别规律” 动词形式是词汇运用的核心考点，看到时间词直接锁定时态，一步确定动词形式，核心时间词与对应形式如下： 一般过去时：many years ago/ten years ago/yesterday/last night two hours ago/that day, 动词用过去式(如 work-worked, write-wrote,ride-rode,put-put)；否定式用didn't+动词原形。 现在进行时:now/at the moment/Listen!，结构为be+动词 -ing(如 play-are playing,sing-are singing, dance-is dancing) 一般现在时：无过去/进行时标志词、now(表习惯性动作)、sometimes，主语是三单(she/he/it /单数名词)，动词用三单形式(如：like-likes,speak-speaks,teach-teaches)主语是复数/第一、二人称，用动词原形。 一般将来时:be going to，后接动词原形(如be going to find);will 后也接动词原形(如will be)。 二、牢记「固定搭配」，直接填出正确形式 常考固定搭配的词形变化无灵活选择，记熟搭配规则即可秒填，核心搭配整理: 情态动词后接原形:can/could/will/shall +动词原形(如can ask，will be，can take)。 祈使句/Let's后接原形:Let's+动词原形(如 Let's put/try);祈使句开头用动词原形(如Try this one) 介词后接宾格/动名词:for/from/with等介词后，人称代词用宾格(如for him，for us)；What about +动名词( What about going) 固定型后接不定式:ask sb+to do sth(如 ask me to carry);be going to+do sth(be going to find) 固定短语: have…for breakfast/lunch/dinner (三餐前用原形，无单复数变化); watch a film, send a card. 三、通用解题步骤：四步核对，避免出错 标关键词:圈出时间词、数量词、情态动词、助动词、介词、be动词; 定考点:根据关键词判断是动词形式/名词单复数/词性转换/固定搭配; 填单词/变形式:结合考点写出单词，按规则变换正确形式; 再核对:检查单词拼写、形式是否正确，是否符合句意和语法。 【题型一】根据提示完成句子 （一） 第一部分：根据首字母提示填空 1. I’m Yangyang. I have a little brother. We g______ up together happily. 2. When I was six, my brother was three. He didn’t l______ to me, but I still loved him. 3. Last week, I went to a s______ c______. The training was hard but great. 4. It’s great to learn something new and g______ every day. 5. We should help others and make a d______ in our life. 6. Daming saw r______ on the way and picked it up. He was the real winner. 7. My grandpa often tells s______ about Lei Feng. He was a great hero. 8. We can v______ at the care home and help old people. 9. I like reading. I have many kinds of books, like a______ and history books. 10. The library on h______ brings books and hope to children. 11. The book The S______ Garden is about friendship and nature. 12. The w______ of the book is Frances Hodgson Burnett. 13. World Book Day is on A______ 23rd. We love reading on this day. 14. I saw an a______ dumpling in the museum. It’s over 1,000 years old. 15. The Silk Road helped people t______ food and culture in ancient China. 16. Samuel Pepys wrote a d______ about his life long ago. 17. Fan Jinshi worked hard to p______ the paintings in Mogao Caves. 18. I can’t find my c______. Did you see them? 19. Daming looked c______ and worked out the problem. 20. The detective found the s______ message in the letter. 21. Nature can help us f______ the way home. 22. Cao Chong was c______. He found a way to weigh the elephant. 23. Now we can take h______-s______ trains. It’s fast and comfortable. 24. Thirty years a______, it took about 15 hours from Beijing to Xi’an. 25. Yang Shanzhou planted millions of trees and made the m______ green. 26. Our school has changed a lot. Now it’s big and m______. 27. In the past, students climbed o______ ladders to school. It was dangerous. 28. I was e______ but worried on my first day at school. 29. They hurried to the t______ of the hill and had a good time. 30. I gave my s______ to the old woman on the bus. 31. We can learn a lot from the p______ and history. 32. The teahouse looks the same as b______. 33. The journey was long, but we didn’t give u______. 34. Reading makes me wise and h______. 35. Growing up is not easy, but we can learn and b______ strong. 第二部分：根据汉语提示填空 1. I ______ (是) four years old then. My brother was a little baby. 2. They ______ (是) happy to play football together yesterday. 3. We ______ (去) to a hill and had a race last Saturday. 4. Daming ______ (看见) rubbish and ______ (捡起) it up. 5. I ______ (做) a lot of helpful things at school last week. 6. She ______ (成为) a good friend of the old man. 7. There ______ (有) a small library in the past. 8. ______ (有) many books in your school library now? 9. They ______ (读) the book and ______ (分享) their ideas. 10. The old ______ (灯) looks special in the museum. 11. People ______ (发现) the ancient mooncake in Xinjiang long ago. 12. He ______ (买) his first watch many years ago. 13. We should ______ (保护) old buildings and art. 14. Who ______ (拿走) my key? I can’t find it. 15. She ______ (跑) away quickly when she saw the police. 16. The ______ (侦探) worked out the secret at last. 17. It ______ (花费) us four hours to go to Xi’an by high-speed train. 18. They ______ (骑) shared bikes in the city yesterday. 19. My grandpa ______ (说) life was very hard in the past. 20. We ______ (有) a good time in the teahouse last Sunday. 21. She ______ (摔断) her leg, but she went back to work soon. 22. I ______ (学习) to ski last winter holiday. 23. They ______ (煮) lunch by themselves at the summer camp. 24. The film tells a story about growing ______ (向上). 25. He is ______ (准备好的) to help people in need. 26. The ______ (第二) poem is about making new friends. 27. I ______ (给) half of my sandwich to the new kid. 28. The ______ (英雄) in my heart is always ready to help. 29. What ______ (发生) to you yesterday? 30. They ______ (等待) for the bus for a long time. 31. The ______ (古老的) city is very beautiful now. 32. He ______ (搬) to the mountains and planted many trees. 33. Reading can ______ (带来) us fun and knowledge. 34. They ______ (战胜) difficulties and grew up. 35. We ______ (能) help each other and live happily. 【题型二】用所给单词适当形式填空 （一） 1. I ______ (be) eight then. I ______ (can) play football. 2. They ______ (be) tired but happy after the summer camp. 3. We ______ (go) to the park and ______ (have) a good time yesterday. 4. She ______ (see) a cat and ______ (say) hello to it. 5. My mother ______ (lose) her ring, but I ______ (find) it. 6. He ______ (hurry) to school and ______ (not be) late. 7. I ______ (read) a book and ______ (learn) a lot last night. 8. There ______ (be) no computers many years ago. 9. They ______ (visit) the museum and ______ (take) many photos. 10. The boy ______ (give) his seat to an old man on the bus. 11. She ______ (make) a cake and ______ (share) it with friends. 12. We ______ (play) games and ______ (sing) songs at the party. 13. He ______ (buy) a new bag and ______ (show) it to me. 14. They ______ (clean) the park and ______ (pick) up rubbish. 15. I ______ (learn) to swim and ______ (become) strong. 16. The old man ______ (tell) stories and we ______ (listen) carefully. 17. She ______ (write) a poem and ______ (read) it to the class. 18. They ______ (climb) the mountain and ______ (get) to the top. 19. He ______ (break) his leg, but he ______ (not stop) working. 20. We ______ (live) in a small house many years ago. 21. Now we ______ (live) in a big and new house. 22. They ______ (ride) bikes and ______ (stop) at a teahouse. 23. I ______ (miss) you very much last week. 24. She ______ (feel) happy because she helped others. 25. The fire ______ (start) early in the morning. 26. People ______ (pull) down houses to stop the fire. 27. He ______ (dig) a hole and ______ (put) cheese in it. 28. We ______ (try) our best and ______ (win) the game. 29. They ______ (meet) a friend and ______ (talk) happily. 30. She ______ (find) her key and ______ (go) home. 31. The teacher ______ (teach) us to love and help others. 32. I ______ (keep) a diary and ______ (write) every day. 33. They ______ (protect) the old buildings and ______ (save) culture. 34. He ______ (work) hard and ______ (change) his hometown. 35. We ______ (grow) up and ______ (learn) more every day. 参考答案及解析 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 第一部分：根据首字母提示填空 1. grow 解析：一般现在时；句意：我是阳阳，我有一个弟弟，我们一起快乐成长。考点：grow up 成长（Unit 1 核心短语）。 2. listen 解析：一般过去时否定；句意：我六岁时弟弟三岁，他不听我的话，但我依然爱他。考点：listen to 听从。 3. summer camp 解析：名词短语；句意：上周我去了夏令营，训练很累但很棒。考点：summer camp 夏令营（Unit 1）。 4. grow 解析：一般现在时；句意：学习新事物并每天成长很棒。考点：grow 成长。 5. difference 解析：固定搭配；句意：我们应该帮助他人，让生活变得不同。考点：make a difference 有影响（Unit 2 标题）。 6. rubbish 解析：一般过去时；句意：大明在路上看到垃圾并捡起来，他是真正的获胜者。考点：rubbish 垃圾（Unit 2 课文）。 7. stories 解析：名词复数；句意：爷爷常给我讲雷锋的故事，他是伟大的英雄。考点：tell stories 讲故事。 8. volunteer 解析：情态动词+原形；句意：我们可以在护理院做志愿者帮助老人。考点：volunteer 志愿活动（Unit 2）。 9. adventure 解析：名词；句意：我喜欢阅读，我有很多书，比如历险书和历史书。考点：adventure 历险故事（Unit 3）。 10. horseback 解析：固定搭配；句意：马背上的图书馆给孩子们带来书籍与希望。考点：on horseback 马背。 11. Secret 解析：书名；句意：《秘密花园》这本书关于友谊与自然。考点：The Secret Garden（Unit 3）。 12. writer 解析：名词；句意：这本书的作者是弗朗西丝·伯内特。考点：writer 作者。 13. April 解析：月份；句意：世界读书日在4月23日。考点：April 四月。 14. ancient 解析：形容词；句意：我在博物馆看到一个古代饺子，有一千多年历史。考点：ancient 古代的（Unit 4）。 15. trade 解析：动词；句意：古代丝绸之路帮助人们交流食物与文化。考点：trade 交流、贸易。 16. diary 解析：名词；句意：塞缪尔·佩皮斯写下了很久以前的生活日记。考点：diary 日记（Unit 4）。 17. protect 解析：动词原形；句意：樊锦诗努力保护莫高窟的壁画。考点：protect 保护。 18. coins 解析：名词复数；句意：我找不到我的硬币了，你看见了吗？考点：coin 硬币（Unit 5）。 19. carefully 解析：副词；句意：大明仔细寻找并解决了问题。考点：carefully 仔细地。 20. secret 解析：形容词；句意：侦探在信里发现了秘密信息。考点：secret 秘密的。 21. find 解析：动词；句意：大自然能帮我们找到回家的路。考点：find the way 找到路。 22. clever 解析：形容词；句意：曹冲很聪明，他想到称象的办法。考点：clever 聪明的。 23. high-speed 解析：复合形容词；句意：我们现在可以坐高铁，又快又舒服。考点：high-speed 高速的（Unit 6）。 24. ago 解析：过去时标志；句意：三十年前，北京到西安要15小时。考点：ago 以前。 25. mountains 解析：名词复数；句意：杨善洲种了上百万棵树，让大山变绿。考点：mountains 山。 26. modern 解析：形容词；句意：我们学校变化很大，现在又大又现代。考点：modern 现代的。 27. old 解析：形容词；句意：过去学生爬旧梯子上学，很危险。考点：old 旧的。 28. excited 解析：形容词；句意：上学第一天我既兴奋又担心。考点：excited 兴奋的。 29. top 解析：名词；句意：他们匆忙赶到山顶，玩得很开心。考点：top 顶部。 30. seat 解析：名词；句意：我在公交车上给老奶奶让座。考点：seat 座位。 31. past 解析：名词；句意：我们可以从过去和历史中学到很多。考点：past 过去。 32. before 解析：副词；句意：这家茶馆看起来和以前一样。考点：before 以前。 33. up 解析：固定搭配；句意：旅程很长，但我们没有放弃。考点：give up 放弃。 34. happy 解析：形容词；句意：阅读使我聪明又快乐。考点：happy 快乐的。 35. become 解析：动词；句意：成长不易，但我们能学习并变得坚强。考点：become 变得。 第二部分：根据汉语提示填空（35题） 1. was 解析：一般过去时；句意：那时我四岁，弟弟还是小婴儿。规则：I 用 was。 2. were 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们昨天一起踢足球很开心。规则：they 用 were。 3. went 解析：一般过去时；句意：上周六我们去山上比赛。规则：go→went。 4. saw; picked 解析：一般过去时；句意：大明看见垃圾并捡起来。规则：see→saw；pick→picked。 5. did 解析：一般过去时；句意：上周我在学校做了很多好事。规则：do→did。 6. became 解析：一般过去时；句意：她成为了老人的好朋友。规则：become→became。 7. was 解析：there be 过去时；句意：过去有一个小图书馆。规则：单数用 was。 8. Are there 解析：there be 现在时；句意：你们学校图书馆现在有很多书吗？规则：now 用现在时。 9. read; shared 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们读书并分享想法。规则：read→read；share→shared。 10. lamp 解析：名词；句意：博物馆里的旧灯看起来很特别。考点：lamp 灯（Unit 4）。 11. found 解析：一般过去时；句意：人们很久以前在新疆发现了古代月饼。规则：find→found。 12. bought 解析：一般过去时；句意：很多年前他买了第一块手表。规则：buy→bought。 13. protect 解析：情态动词+原形；句意：我们应该保护古建筑与艺术。规则：should+动词原形。 14. took 解析：一般过去时；句意：谁拿走了我的钥匙？我找不到了。规则：take→took。 15. ran 解析：一般过去时；句意：她看见警察就快速跑开了。规则：run→ran。 16. detective 解析：名词；句意：侦探最终解开了秘密。考点：detective 侦探（Unit 5）。 17. takes 解析：一般现在时；句意：坐高铁去西安花费我们四小时。规则：it takes…to do…。 18. rode 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们昨天在城里骑共享单车。规则：ride→rode。 19. said 解析：一般过去时；句意：爷爷说过去生活很艰苦。规则：say→said。 20. had 解析：一般过去时；句意：上周日我们在茶馆玩得很开心。规则：have→had。 21. broke 解析：一般过去时；句意：她摔断了腿，但很快回去工作。规则：break→broke。 22. learnt 解析：一般过去时；句意：去年寒假我学了滑雪。规则：learn→learnt。 23. cooked 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们在夏令营自己做午饭。规则：cook→cooked。 24. up 解析：固定搭配；句意：这部电影讲述成长的故事。考点：grow up。 25. ready 解析：固定搭配；句意：他准备好帮助有需要的人。考点：be ready to。 26. second 解析：序数词；句意：第二首诗关于交新朋友。考点：second 第二。 27. gave 解析：一般过去时；句意：我把一半三明治给了新同学。规则：give→gave。 28. hero 解析：名词；句意：我心中的英雄总是乐于助人。考点：hero 英雄。 29. happened 解析：一般过去时；句意：你昨天发生什么事了？规则：happen→happened。 30. waited 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们等公交车等了很久。规则：wait→waited。 31. ancient 解析：形容词；句意：这座古城现在很漂亮。考点：ancient 古老的。 32. moved 解析：一般过去时；句意：他搬到山上种了很多树。规则：move→moved。 33. bring 解析：情态动词+原形；句意：阅读能带给我们乐趣与知识。规则：can+动词原形。 34. beat 解析：一般过去时；句意：他们战胜困难，长大了。规则：beat→beat。 35. can 解析：情态动词；句意：我们可以互相帮助，快乐生活。考点：can 能。 【题型二】 1. was; could 解析：then 过去时；句意：那时我八岁，我会踢足球。规则：be→was；can→could。 2. were 解析：过去时；句意：夏令营后他们累但开心。规则：复数用 were。 3. went; had 解析：yesterday 过去时；句意：昨天我们去公园玩得很开心。规则：go→went；have→had。 4. saw; said 解析：过去时；句意：她看见一只猫并打招呼。规则：see→saw；say→said。 5. lost; found 解析：过去时；句意：妈妈丢了戒指，但我找到了。规则：lose→lost；find→found。 6. hurried; wasn’t 解析：过去时；句意：他匆忙上学，没有迟到。规则：hurry→hurried；be not→wasn’t。 7. read; learnt 解析：last night 过去时；句意：昨晚我读书学到很多。规则：read→read；learn→learnt。 8. were 解析：many years ago 过去时；句意：很多年前没有电脑。规则：复数用 were。 9. visited; took 解析：过去时；句意：他们参观博物馆拍了很多照片。规则：visit→visited；take→took。 10. gave 解析：过去时；句意：男孩在公交车上给老人让座。规则：give→gave。 11. made; shared 解析：过去时；句意：她做蛋糕和朋友分享。规则：make→made；share→shared。 12. played; sang 解析：过去时；句意：他们在派对上玩游戏唱歌。规则：play→played；sing→sang。 13. bought; showed 解析：过去时；句意：他买新包给我看。规则：buy→bought；show→showed。 14. cleaned; picked 解析：过去时；句意：他们打扫公园捡垃圾。规则：clean→cleaned；pick→picked。 15. learnt; became 解析：过去时；句意：我学游泳变得强壮。规则：learn→learnt；become→became。 16. told; listened 解析：过去时；句意：老人讲故事，我们认真听。规则：tell→told；listen→listened。 17. wrote; read 解析：过去时；句意：她写诗读给全班听。规则：write→wrote；read→read。 18. climbed; got 解析：过去时；句意：他们爬山到达山顶。规则：climb→climbed；get→got。 19. broke; didn’t stop 解析：过去时；句意：他摔断腿，但没有停止工作。规则：break→broke；否定用 didn’t+原形。 20. lived 解析：many years ago 过去时；句意：很多年前我们住小房子。规则：live→lived。 21. live 解析：now 现在时；句意：现在我们住大新房子。规则：一般现在时。 22. rode; stopped 解析：过去时；句意：他们骑自行车在茶馆停下。规则：ride→rode；stop→stopped。 23. missed 解析：last week 过去时；句意：上周我很想你。规则：miss→missed。 24. felt 解析：过去时；句意：她很开心因为帮助了别人。规则：feel→felt。 25. started 解析：过去时；句意：大火清晨开始燃烧。规则：start→started。 26. pulled 解析：过去时；句意：人们拆房子阻止火势蔓延。规则：pull→pulled。 27. dug; put 解析：过去时；句意：他挖洞把奶酪放进去。规则：dig→dug；put→put。 28. tried; won 解析：过去时；句意：我们尽力赢得比赛。规则：try→tried；win→won。 29. met; talked 解析：过去时；句意：他们遇见朋友开心聊天。规则：meet→met；talk→talked。 30. found; went 解析：过去时；句意：她找到钥匙回家了。规则：find→found；go→went。 31. teaches 解析：一般现在时；句意：老师教我们关爱他人。规则：主语三单加 -es。 32. keep; write 解析：一般现在时；句意：我坚持写日记每天记录。规则：主语 I 用原形。 33. protect; save 解析：一般现在时；句意：他们保护古建筑拯救文化。规则：主语复数用原形。 34. worked; changed 解析：过去时；句意：他努力工作改变家乡。规则：work→worked；change→changed。 35. grow; learn 解析：一般现在时；句意：我们成长每天学习更多。规则：主语 we 用原形。 $