Unit 2 Sharpening Your Skills -被动语态-（讲+练）-《英语 拓展模块》（高教版2023修订版）

这是一份中职英语《英语 拓展模块》（高教版2023修订版）Unit 2的同步教学课件，聚焦被动语态，涵盖定义及基本结构、主动变被动、各时态被动、主动表被动情况及巩固练习，辅以视频辅助，构建完整学习支架。 资料以核心公式“be+过去分词”为纲，通过对比主动被动例句、分步骤转换讲解（如双宾语转换、使役动词被动加to）及时态表格梳理，培养语言理解表达能力与逻辑思维，口诀记忆提升学习能力，丰富练习巩固应用，助力学生夯实语法基础，为教师提供系统教学资源。中职学生处于语法基础巩固阶段，资料同步教材进度，直观实例与分层练习帮助掌握被动语态在语境中的运用，适合日常教学及复习。

被动语态 《英语 拓展模块》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 2 Sharpening Your Skills 语法 03 各时态下的被动语态 04 主动表被动的情况 目录 01 定义及基本结构 02 主动语态变被动语态 05 巩固练习 （动画）邀请你掌握： （动画）学会判断祈使句的方法 （动画）用祈使句发出指令或表达禁止 （动画）区别“祈使句+and+陈述句”和“祈使句+or+陈述句” 2 Watch a video 什么是语态？ should sharpen your skills. 你应该磨炼你的技能。 Your skills should be sharpened by you. 你的技能应该被磨炼。 什么成分发生了变化 主语 谓语 和 语态就是：主语和谓语之间的关系 什么是语态？ You 什么是被动语态？ You should sharpen your skills. 你应该磨炼你的技能。 Your skills should be sharpened by you. 你的技能应该被磨炼。 是主语 是动作的执行者 是主语 是动作的承受者 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的基本结构 You should sharpen your skills. Your skills should be sharpened you. 被动语态的结构：承受者+be+过去分词+（by+执行者） by 动词的过去分词 直接加-ed 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音+ed play → played work → worked 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “-d” listen → listened like→liked invite → invited study → studied stop → stopped cry → cried drop → dropped love → loved carry → carried 动词的规则变化 （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 动词的过去分词 cost → cost meet→ met take→ taken bring→brought buy→ bought smell→ smelt say→ said catch→ caught leave→ left find→ found begin→ begun 常见动词的不规则变化 have /has→ had be→been go → gone break → broken cut→ cut （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 以下哪些句子是被动语态？ A. My grandmother is cooking in the kitchen. B. Dinner was cooked by my mother yesterday. C. The work will be finished by Tom in 3 days. D. The students have travelled to France. E. The rooms are being painted by the workers now. Tip： 1. be+及物动词过去分词 2. by+宾语 will be finished was cooked are being painted 被动语态的基本句型 一、肯定句： 主语 + be + 过去分词（+ by ...） eg. The next national skills competition will be heldin Shanghai next year. 二、否定句： 主语 + be not + 过去分词（+ by ...） eg. The next national skills competition will not be held in Shanghai next year. 被动语态的基本句型 Be+ 主语 + 过去分词（+ by ...）？ Yes, 主语 + be./No, 主语 + be not. 一般疑问句 Will the next national skills competition be held in Shanghai next year? Yes, it will./ No, it won’t. 特殊疑问词 + be (+ 主语) + 过去分词（+ by ...）？ 特殊疑问句 Where will the next national skills competition be held next year? 使用被动语态的情况 1.强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者 Paper-making was improved by Cai Lun. 2.不知道或没必要说明执行者 I have been told about this many times. This building was built hundreds of years ago. 主动语态变被动语态 Tom solved the problem. The problem was solved Tom. by 步骤 1 将主动语态的宾语(the problem) 作被动语态的主语(the problem) 谓语动词变为“ be+及物动词的过去分词( was solved )”，并通过 be的变化来表现出不同的时态(词句为过去时）。 步骤 2  主动语态的主语变为介词 by的宾语( by Tom)，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时 by短语可以省略) 步骤 3 特殊情况 Mr. Zhang put forward the idea. The idea was put forward by Mr. Zhang. The nurses take care of the kids. The kids are taken care of by the nurses. No1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。 They gave the children many good books. The children were given many good books by them. Many good books were given to the children by them. 间接宾语转化为主语 人：间接宾语 物：直接宾语 直接宾语转化为主语 Tip： 1.有些及物动词，如give,send,take,bring,tell,show等，直接宾语转化为主语时， 被保留的间接宾语前通常加 to. 2. 有些及物动词，如buy,make,find,get,draw等,直接宾语变为主语时， 被保留的间接宾语前通常加 for. 特殊情况 NO2. 句子谓语是双宾语及物动词，将间接宾语或将直接宾语转化为句子主语均可。 使役动词的被动语态： My teacher makes us cook the food every day. We are made to cook the food every day. make sb do be made to do let sb do be let to do have sb do be had to do 特殊情况 No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to 感官动词的被动语态： We saw a girl cross the road just now. A girl was seen to cross the road just now. see/notice sb do be seen/noticed to do hear sb do be heard to do watch sb do be watched to do 特殊情况 No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to help的被动语态： Tom helped the old man cross the road just now. The old man was helped to cross the road just now. help sb (to) do be helped to do 特殊情况 No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to I know that the earth is round. It is known that the earth is round. They say that Mike always cooks the meals. It is said that Mike always cooks the meals. 特殊情况 No4. 主动语态的宾语是句子（宾语从句），变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语，真正主语放在后面。 各时态下的被动语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 一般过去时 be/do/does was/ were, did am/ is / are + done was/ were + done 一般将来时 过去将来时 will do would do will + be + done would + be + done 现在进行时 过去进行时 am/is/are + doing was/were + doing am/ is / are + being + done was/ were + being + done 现在完成时 过去完成时 have/has + done had + done have/has + been + done had + been + done 情态动词 情态动词 + do 情态动词 + be + done 各时态下的被动语态 一般现在时 & 一般过去时 Beijing is located in northern China. 一般过去时：was/were + done 一般现在时：am/is/are + done Paper-making was improved by Cai Lun. 各时态下的被动语态 一般将来时 & 过去将来时 The party will be held in the garden. 过去将来时：would be + done 一般将来时：will/shall be + done A new shopping mall would be built in his hometown next year. 各时态下的被动语态 现在进行时 & 过去进行时 The boy is being praised by his parents. 过去进行时：was/were being + done 现在进行时：am/is/are being + done When the teacher came, he was being laughed at. 各时态下的被动语态 现在完成时 & 过去完成时 I have been told about this many times. 过去完成时：had been + done 现在完成时：have/has been + done She said that magazines had been sold out. 各时态下的被动语态 情态动词 The issue must be handled. 情态动词：情态动词 + be done This project can’t be done. 口诀： Be是变形金刚，时态全靠它扛！现在 am/is/are，过去was/were 来上； 进行 being 来帮忙，完成 been 不能忘； 将来 will 打头阵，过去进行 being 双！ 注：最后一句指过去进行时含两个 be 变形：was/were + being 主动形式表被动含义 The cloth feels very soft. 这种布感觉很柔软。 Your idea sounds good. 你的主意听起来很好。 The food smells good. 这个食物闻起来不错。 Bajie seems happy. 八戒看起来很开心。 1. 系表结构,如look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear,seem 1. 系表结构,如look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear,seem 主动形式表被动含义 The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写。 The books sell well. 这些书卖的很好。 The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。 The news spread quickly. 这个消息传播地很快。 The war broke out in 1937. 战争在1937年爆发了。 2.主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。 如：wash/write/sell/lock/shut/open/move/cut等，特别是后面加副词well/quickly. 3.某些表示“发生”（happen,take place）,“爆发”（break out, burst out）, “传播”（spread）等不及物动词。 主动形式表被动含义 The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。 = The bike needs to be repaired. need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be done The book is is worth reading. 这本书值得一看。 The man is not worth helping. 这个人不值得帮助。 4. 表示“需要”的动词之后，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 5. worth+doing的主动形式表示被动意义。 巩固练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. 1. Cars _____________ (drive) on the left side of the road in Britain. 2. Sugar _____________ (add) to tea to make it sweeter. 3. The pen___________(write) well. 4. This book is worth_____________ (read) . are driven 5. The sofa_____________ (feel) soft . is added writes reading feels （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 1. The girl ________ good care________ by her father. 2. The teacher_________ by the students. A. takes; of B. was taken; for C. is taken; of D. was taken; to A. was listen B. was listened to C. listened to D. was listening to 3. The gift was _________ the pretty girl. A. bought for B.bought C.bought to D. showed 4. The picture was _________ the old man. A. showed for B.showed to C.showing D. showed 巩固练习 二、选择题 C B A B 巩固练习 二、选择题 1．—Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 2．I have worked hard ________ then because I want to go to a good college in the future. A．and B．since C．for D．but 3. Mr. Li ________ English in our school for 15 years. A．teaches B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 4.The film Dead to rights (《南京照相馆》) based on true historical events, _________ many people since its release (上映). A．moved B．have moving C．has moved D．is moved 5. His family ________ in this town since 1990. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live C B D C C （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 被动语态 03 各时态下的被动语态 04 主动表被动的情况 01 定义及基本结构 02 主动语态变被动语态 05 巩固练习 一起总结一下今日所学 （动画）判断句子是否为祈使句，需确认其是否： （动画）发出指令 （动画）主语省略 （动画）动词原形开头 （动画）祈使句的肯定形式有三种： （动画）do型 （动画）be型 （动画）let型 （动画）祈使句的否定形式： （动画）don’t + do型/be型/let型 （动画）no+动词ing型 （动画）以及祈使句+and/or+陈述句的用法区别： （动画）照这样做，and结果很美好 （动画）得这样做，or结果不如人意。 今天的内容就到这里。我们下次见。 $