Unit 6 Living with nature 重点单词及词性转化进阶练100题（三题型）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 6核心词汇，通过三题型分层训练实现从单词认知到语法应用的进阶，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据汉语提示填空|30题|直接考查单词拼写|基础词汇记忆| |根据首字母填空|30题|语境化单词补全|词汇语境运用| |用单词的适当形式填空|40题|词性转化与语法应用|词汇语法综合转化|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Living with nature 重点单词及词性转化进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分30分 1．I usually _________ (充电) my tablet every night so it works well the next day. 2．My dad will buy a new _________ (材料) to fix the broken chair this weekend. 3．Solar ________(能源) is clean and it helps protect our Earth. 4．The ancient _________ (历法) in China still plays an important role in people’s daily life. 5．We will ________ (庆祝) the festival together. 6．They live a quiet life in the ________ (乡下；乡村). 7．To make that ________ (论点) stronger, the writer adds some facts and examples. 8．We can learn a lot of ________ (智慧) from the elderly because they have rich life experience. 9．Basic skills like finding food are key to ________ (生存) in the wild. 10．He went ________ (疯狂的) after losing his job and started shouting. 11．Everyone has a happy ________ (童年) filled with sweet memories. 12．A new study shows that this kind of cat is a completely new ________ (物种). 13．Thanks to the Karez system, people can use ________ (地下的) water to grow plants for food. 14．Amber is a window into the past, and a key to ________ (解锁) many secrets of nature. 15．The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. 16．In the end, Tony found the treasure and returned home ________ (安全地). 17．We should try our best to protect the ________ (生态环境) because it’s important for our lives. 18．It rains a lot here in summer, so the ________ (雨量) is always high. 19．The farmer grows a lot of ________ (小麦) in his field every year. 20．We should learn ________ (智慧) from the ancient people. 21．The heavy ________ (雨量) helps the crops grow well in summer. 22．Her voice sounds ________ (悦耳动听的) when she sings songs. 23．________ (根据) to the report, this area has rich natural resources. 24．The young man is ________ (精力充沛的) and never feels tired. 25．I like all kinds of fruits, ________ (尤其) apples and strawberries. 26．Guangdong is a southern ________ (省) of China. 27．The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural ________ (奇观) in the world. 28．My cousin regretted spending so much time on his phone and decided to ________ (改变) himself. 29．It is very valuable for humans to learn the ________ (法律) of nature. 30．She’s far and away the ________ (最好的) player. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 31．According to the l________, you mustn’t steal things. 32．Sometimes it snows and the temperature is b________ zero. 33．We shouldn’t waste e________ carelessly because the earth’s resources are limited. 34．Don’t be c________ about playing computer games, you need to finish your homework first. 35．Water is a very important natural r ________ , so we shouldn’t waste it. 36．The karez system is a great example of how we can r________ the laws of nature to survive in a difficult environment. 37．Sally sang s________ at the party and everyone clapped for her. 38．The k________ system allows people to survive in this difficult environment. 39．Young people are taking action to protect the karez system so it can be c________ into the future. 40．The area faces a serious w________ shortage, with only 16 mm of rainfall per year. 41．Water from the mountains flows into underground c________, keeping it cool and safe. 42．Turpan is known as one of the hottest areas in the world, located in the d________ in Xinjiang. 43．The eastern part of China has more r________ than other parts of the country. 44．My brother is c________ about pop music, but I’m interested in country music. 45．It is important for us to understand and respect the l________ of nature to ensure a sustainable future. 46．By protecting the environment, we can b________ from cleaner air and water. 47．Humans can live in h________ with nature by respecting its laws. 48．The Maori in New Zealand used words to describe the sea, like “e________” or “dangerous”. 49．B________ is an activity that helps plants grow and provides us with honey. 50．Using too much fossil fuel can cause problems for the e________. 51．I don’t like windy days b________ the strong wind always makes me feel uncomfortable. 52．She made some marks on the c________ for her mother. 53．Some children think rice and w________ look similar in the field. 54．It’s r________ necessary for us to learn about how to live with nature. 55．People should stop cutting down trees to p________ the wild animals’ homes. 56．It’s everyone’s duty to protect our natural e________. 57．He downloaded an app to c________ his English level. 58．I want to go hiking this weekend, h________, the weather report says it will rain. 59．Factories can’t p________ the river with dirty water anymore. 60．Many farmers do f________ to support their families. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分40分 61．You can make your own _________ (choose) based on your interest. 62．There are many modern _________ (way) to use the Sun. 63．In yesterday’s English class, we _________ (require) to write a short story about our families. 64．We want _________ (use) this machine safely, so we must check it regularly. 65．My little sister _________ (learn) to play the piano every Saturday afternoon. 66．The population is increasing, and it will _________ (probable) cause the shortage of drinking water. 67．Under the blue sky, _________ (villager) are working hard, and golden fields are shining like the sun. 68．_________ (accord) to the report, the environment of this area has improved a lot. 69．At this time, the local people will celebrate the ________ (arrive) of the harvest (丰收). 70．After a long-distance race, the runner still looks ________ (energy) and full of spirit. 71．She speaks English very ________ (good). 72．He ________ (fall) off his bike yesterday. 73．I ________ (know) him two years ago. 74．The park ________ (cover) an area of 500 square meters. 75．It’s very convenient to ________ (charge) phones with solar power. 76．The rules ________ (require) us to protect the environment. 77．The ________ (effect) of the pollution are very serious. 78．Many people are worrying about water ________ (short) in this area. 79．We should learn the proper ________ (use) of the machine. 80．He is always ________ (energy) and never feels tired. 81．The ________ (find) of the students’ sleeping time were published today. 82．I have ________ (full) understood the problem, and I can solve it in ten minutes. 83．The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 84．I wonder if they ________ (organize) an English speech competition next week. 85．Could you tell me when the school sports meeting ________ (start) this year? 86．The geographer told us that the earth ________ (turn) around its axis every day. 87．I wonder if our school ________ (hold) a science fair next month. 88．The scientist told us that light ________ (travel) faster than sound all the time. 89．Could you tell me when your sister ________ (come) back from Shanghai? I want to visit her. 90．The scientist said that water ________ (boil) at 100℃ under normal pressure. 91．I want to know when he ________ (arrive) here. I’ll pick him up at the station. 92．She asked me what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. 93．I wonder if it ________ (rain) tomorrow. We plan to go hiking. 94．It’s important for us to learn how ________ (protect) the earth. 95．We should protect ________ (nature) resources for future generations. 96．This is one of ________ (good) memories of my childhood. 97．Every weekend, I will go to the bookshop to buy some books about ________ (poem). 98．The ________ (short) of clean water is a big problem in western China. 99．The young Chinese scientist has won several important ________ (prize) in the field of medicine. 100．Andy was busy ________ (practise) the piano for the concert next Sunday. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Living with nature 重点单词及词性转化进阶练100题（三题型） 说明：此专题分三种题型，大家根据实际情况选择进行专项训练！ 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分30分 1．I usually _________ (充电) my tablet every night so it works well the next day. 【答案】charge 【详解】句意：我通常每天晚上给我的平板电脑充电，所以第二天它能运行得好。“充电”对应charge，“usually”提示使用一般现在时，主语“I”是第一人称，谓语动词用原形即可。 2．My dad will buy a new _________ (材料) to fix the broken chair this weekend. 【答案】material 【详解】句意：这周末我爸爸会买新材料来修理那把坏掉的椅子。空格处在不定冠词a和形容词new后，需用可数名词单数形式作宾语。“材料”译为material，符合句意。 3．Solar ________(能源) is clean and it helps protect our Earth. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：太阳能是清洁的，它能帮助保护我们的地球。“能源”对应energy，作主语。 4．The ancient _________ (历法) in China still plays an important role in people’s daily life. 【答案】calendar 【详解】句意：中国古老的历法依然在人们的日常生活中扮演重要的角色。“历法”calendar，为可数名词，句中谓语动词为单数形式“plays”，说明主语为单数。 5．We will ________ (庆祝) the festival together. 【答案】celebrate 【详解】句意：我们将一起庆祝这个节日。根据中文提示可知，“庆祝”对应的英文是celebrate，是动词，will 后接动词原形。 6．They live a quiet life in the ________ (乡下；乡村). 【答案】countryside 【详解】句意：他们在乡下过着平静的生活。根据汉语提示可知，countryside意为“乡下；乡村”，固定搭配in the countryside表示“在乡下”。故填countryside。 7．To make that ________ (论点) stronger, the writer adds some facts and examples. 【答案】argument 【详解】句意：为了让这个论点更有说服力，作者补充了一些事实和例子。指示代词that后需要接单数可数名词，中文释义“论点”对应的标准英文单词为argument。 8．We can learn a lot of ________ (智慧) from the elderly because they have rich life experience. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：我们可以从老年人那里学到很多智慧，因为他们有很丰富的生活经验。根据中文提示，智慧的英语表达为wisdom，为不可数名词。 9．Basic skills like finding food are key to ________ (生存) in the wild. 【答案】surviving 【详解】句意：像寻找食物这样的基本技能是在野外生存的关键。根据“key to”提示，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，the key to doing sth.“做某事的关键”。“生存”为动词survive，其动名词形式是surviving。 10．He went ________ (疯狂的) after losing his job and started shouting. 【答案】crazy 【详解】句意：他失业后变得疯狂，开始大喊大叫。固定搭配go+形容词，表示“变得……”，用来描述人状态的变化；“疯狂的”对应的英文单词是crazy，形容词词性，符合此结构用法，因此填crazy。 11．Everyone has a happy ________ (童年) filled with sweet memories. 【答案】childhood 【详解】句意：每个人都有一个充满甜蜜回忆的快乐童年。原句中文提示词为“童年”，对应的英文单词为childhood。句中不定冠词“a”表明此处需要用可数名词单数形式，故填childhood。 12．A new study shows that this kind of cat is a completely new ________ (物种). 【答案】species 【详解】句意：一项新研究表明，这种猫是一个全新的物种。括号内中文“物种”对应的英文单词是species，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式即可，符合句子语法和语义。 13．Thanks to the Karez system, people can use ________ (地下的) water to grow plants for food. 【答案】underground 【详解】句意：多亏了坎儿井系统，人们可以利用地下水种植粮食作物。underground表示“地下的”，形容词作定语。 14．Amber is a window into the past, and a key to ________ (解锁) many secrets of nature. 【答案】unlocking 【详解】句意：琥珀是窥见过去的一扇窗，也是解锁大自然众多奥秘的钥匙。固定搭配a key to…中to为介词，介词后需要使用动名词形式，括号内“解锁”对应的动词unlock，变动名词为unlocking，符合语法规则和句子语境。 15．The hospital faced a blood ________ (短缺) during the crisis. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：这家医院在危机期间面临血液短缺。根据“a blood”提示，需填可数名词单数形式作宾语。“短缺”为名词shortage。 16．In the end, Tony found the treasure and returned home ________ (安全地). 【答案】safely 【详解】句意：最后，托尼找到了宝藏，并安全地回到了家。safely“安全地”，是副词，用来修饰动词“returned”。 17．We should try our best to protect the ________ (生态环境) because it’s important for our lives. 【答案】environment 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力保护生态环境，因为它对我们的生活很重要。根据“the”及“because it’s important”提示，需填名词作宾语。“生态环境”可译为environment，为不可数名词。 18．It rains a lot here in summer, so the ________ (雨量) is always high. 【答案】rainfall 【详解】句意：这里夏天雨水很多，所以雨量一直很大。rainfall是不可数名词，意为“降雨量、雨量”。 19．The farmer grows a lot of ________ (小麦) in his field every year. 【答案】wheat 【详解】句意：这个农民每年都在他的田地里种很多小麦。根据中文提示，小麦的英语是wheat，为不可数名词。 20．We should learn ________ (智慧) from the ancient people. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：我们应该从古人身上学习智慧。根据汉语提示，wisdom“智慧”，不可数名词。 21．The heavy ________ (雨量) helps the crops grow well in summer. 【答案】rainfall 【详解】句意：夏季充沛的雨量有助于庄稼长势良好。根据汉语意思，rainfall“雨量”，不可数名词。 22．Her voice sounds ________ (悦耳动听的) when she sings songs. 【答案】sweet/beautiful/nice 【详解】句意：她唱歌时，声音听起来很悦耳。sound是感官系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，“悦耳动听的”为sweet/beautiful/nice。 23．________ (根据) to the report, this area has rich natural resources. 【答案】According 【详解】句意：根据这份报告，这个区域有丰富的自然资源。表示“根据”并且后面有“to”的短语是“according to”，又因为在句首，故填According。 24．The young man is ________ (精力充沛的) and never feels tired. 【答案】energetic 【详解】句意：这个年轻人精力充沛，从不觉得疲惫。根据汉语提示，energetic“精力充沛的”，形容词作表语。 25．I like all kinds of fruits, ________ (尤其) apples and strawberries. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：我喜欢各种各样的水果，尤其是苹果和草莓。especially意为“尤其”，在此用作插入语，突出强调名词短语“apples and strawberries”。 26．Guangdong is a southern ________ (省) of China. 【答案】province 【详解】句意：广东是中国南部的一个省。根据汉语提示“省”，对应的英文单词是province，是可数名词；句中不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。 27．The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural ________ (奇观) in the world. 【答案】wonders 【详解】句意：科罗拉多大峡谷是世界上最伟大的自然奇观之一。wonder“奇观”，“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，wonder的复数形式直接在词尾加s，故填wonders。 28．My cousin regretted spending so much time on his phone and decided to ________ (改变) himself. 【答案】change 【详解】句意：我的表弟后悔花太多时间玩手机，决定改变自己。根据汉语提示可知，“改变”用动词change；“决定做某事”是固定搭配decide to do sth.，to后需接动词原形。故填change。 29．It is very valuable for humans to learn the ________ (法律) of nature. 【答案】laws 【详解】句意：了解自然规律对人类来说是非常宝贵的‌。根据提示可知，law为名词“法律”，符合语境，此处表泛指，须用其复数名词形式laws。故填laws。 30．She’s far and away the ________ (最好的) player. 【答案】best 【详解】句意：她毫无疑问是最好的选手。根据汉语提示及“the”可知，best“最好的”，符合语境。故填best。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分30分 31．According to the l________, you mustn’t steal things. 【答案】law/aw 【详解】句意：根据法律规定，你禁止偷盗他人财物。“you mustn’t steal things”以及首字母提示可知，“禁止偷盗他人财物”是法律规则，固定搭配：according to the law“根据法律”。 32．Sometimes it snows and the temperature is b________ zero. 【答案】below/elow 【详解】句意：有时下雪，气温在零度以下。根据句意“气温在零度以下”，结合首字母，表示“低于”用below。below zero意为“零度以下”。 33．We shouldn’t waste e________ carelessly because the earth’s resources are limited. 【答案】energy/nergy 【详解】句意：我们不应该随意浪费能源，因为地球的资源是有限的。根据“the earth’s resources are limited”以及首字母可知，地球的资源是有限的，所以不能浪费能源，energy“能源、能量”符合语境，是不可数名词。故填energy。 34．Don’t be c________ about playing computer games, you need to finish your homework first. 【答案】crazy/razy 【详解】句意：别对玩电脑游戏这么着迷，你要先做完作业。根据“Don’t be”可知需要填写形容词，通过句意的理解，故填crazy。 35．Water is a very important natural r ________ , so we shouldn’t waste it. 【答案】resource/esource 【详解】句意：水是一种非常重要的自然资源，所以我们不应该浪费它。根据首字母r以及句意可知，此处表示“资源”，单词为resource，前面有a修饰，名词用单数形式。故填resource。 36．The karez system is a great example of how we can r________ the laws of nature to survive in a difficult environment. 【答案】respect/espect 【详解】句意：坎儿井系统是一个很好的例子，说明我们如何能够尊重自然规律，在艰苦的环境中生存。根据首字母r和语境，respect（尊重）符合语义；情态动词can后接动词原形。 37．Sally sang s________ at the party and everyone clapped for her. 【答案】sweetly/weetly/songs/ongs 【详解】句意：萨莉在派对上唱得很动听/唱了歌，所有人都为她鼓掌。根据语境及首字母提示，此处可填副词sweetly（甜美地，修饰动词sang）或名词复数 songs（歌曲，作宾语）。 38．The k________ system allows people to survive in this difficult environment. 【答案】karez/arez 【详解】句意：坎儿井系统使人们能够在这个艰苦的环境中生存。“system allows people to survive in this difficult environment”并结合常识，坎儿井系统使人们能够在这个艰苦的环境中生存，“karez system”表示“坎儿井系统” 。 39．Young people are taking action to protect the karez system so it can be c________ into the future. 【答案】carried/arried 【详解】句意：年轻人正在采取行动保护坎儿井系统，以便它能延续到未来。根据首字母提示“c”以及句意可知，此处表示“延续”。“carry into the future”为固定短语，意为“延续到未来，传承下去”，此处“be carried into the future”为被动结构，carry需用过去分词carried。 40．The area faces a serious w________ shortage, with only 16 mm of rainfall per year. 【答案】water/ater 【详解】句意：该地区面临严重的水资源短缺，年降雨量仅16毫米。根据首字母提示“w”以及句意可知，此处表示“水”。名词water“水”符合语境，在句中作定语修饰shortage，故填water。 41．Water from the mountains flows into underground c________, keeping it cool and safe. 【答案】channels/hannels 【详解】句意：山上的水流入地下水道，使水保持凉爽和安全。根据首字母c和underground（地下的），结合语境，此处填channels（水道、沟渠，复数形式，对应泛指的地下水道）符合语义。 42．Turpan is known as one of the hottest areas in the world, located in the d________ in Xinjiang. 【答案】desert/esert 【详解】句意：吐鲁番被称为世界上最热的地区之一，位于新疆的沙漠中。根据前半句“one of the hottest areas in the world”这一地理特征描述，结合首字母“d”提示，应填入名词desert。 43．The eastern part of China has more r________ than other parts of the country. 【答案】rainfall/ainfall 【详解】句意：中国东部的降雨量比全国其他地区都多。根据首字母提示和句意可知，空处指“降雨量”，英文表达是rainfall，不可数名词，more后可接不可数名词。故填rainfall。 44．My brother is c________ about pop music, but I’m interested in country music. 【答案】crazy/razy 【详解】句意：我弟弟对流行音乐很着迷，但我对乡村音乐感兴趣。根据首字母提示和“My brother is ... about pop music”可知，空处表达“着迷的”，英文表达是crazy，固定搭配be crazy about意为“对……着迷/痴迷”，形容词crazy在句中作表语。故填crazy。 45．It is important for us to understand and respect the l________ of nature to ensure a sustainable future. 【答案】laws/aws 【详解】句意：对我们来说，理解并尊重自然的规律，以确保可持续发展是很重要的。根据“understand and respect ”和“ensure a sustainable future”的语境，结合首字母“l”的提示，此处应填入名词law的复数形式laws，构成固定搭配the laws of nature。 46．By protecting the environment, we can b________ from cleaner air and water. 【答案】benefit/enefit 【详解】句意：通过保护环境，我们可以从更清洁的空气和水中受益。根据“from cleaner air and water”和首字母可知，此处表示“受益”，benefit from是固定短语，意为“从……中受益”；情态动词can后接动词原形。故填benefit。 47．Humans can live in h________ with nature by respecting its laws. 【答案】harmony/armony 【详解】句意：人类可以通过尊重自然规律与自然和谐共处。根据“with nature”和首字母可知，此处表示“和谐”，harmony“和谐”符合语境；in harmony with意为“与……和谐相处”。故填harmony。 48．The Maori in New Zealand used words to describe the sea, like “e________” or “dangerous”. 【答案】energetic/nergetic 【详解】句意：新西兰的毛利人用一些词来描述大海，比如“充满活力的”或“危险的”。在这个句子中，需要填入一个以“e”开头的形容词来描述大海的某种状态，与“dangerous”（危险的）并列。“energetic”一词通常用来形容人或事物充满活力、精力充沛，在这里可以引申为描述海浪翻滚、大海充满活力的状态。故填energetic。 49．B________ is an activity that helps plants grow and provides us with honey. 【答案】Beekeeping/eekeeping 【详解】句意：养蜂是一项帮助植物生长并为我们提供蜂蜜的活动。首字母B，以及“helps plants grow（帮助植物生长）”和“provides us with honey（为我们提供蜂蜜）”的关键信息，可判断此处指养蜂，Beekeeping是不可数名词，意为“养蜂、养蜂业”，符合语境和语法要求。 50．Using too much fossil fuel can cause problems for the e________. 【答案】environment/nvironment 【详解】句意：使用过多的化石燃料会给环境带来问题。句中“fossil fuel”意为化石燃料，结合常识及首字母提示“e”可知，此处指给环境带来问题，“the”后接名词，故填environment。 51．I don’t like windy days b________ the strong wind always makes me feel uncomfortable. 【答案】because/ecause 【详解】句意：我不喜欢刮风的日子，因为强风总是让我感觉不舒服。句中“the strong wind always makes me feel uncomfortable”是对“I don’t like windy days”的原因解释，说明不喜欢刮风的日子的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。 52．She made some marks on the c________ for her mother. 【答案】calendar/alendar 【详解】句意：她在日历上为母亲做了一些记号。根据首字母提示和“made some marks”以及“for her mother”可知，此处是在可以标记日期的物品上做记号。名词calendar“日历”符合语境，此处特指某个日历，故calendar用单数形式。故填calendar。 53．Some children think rice and w________ look similar in the field. 【答案】wheat/heat 【详解】句意：一些孩子认为水稻和小麦在田地里看起来很相似。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处说的是水稻和小麦看起来相似，wheat“小麦”，不可数名词，故填wheat。 54．It’s r________ necessary for us to learn about how to live with nature. 【答案】really/eally 【详解】句意：我们真的有必要学习如何与自然共存。根据“necessary”和首字母提示可知，此处用程度副词really“真的；很”修饰形容词necessary，加强语气。 55．People should stop cutting down trees to p________ the wild animals’ homes. 【答案】protect/rotect 【详解】句意：人们应该停止砍伐树木，以保护野生动物的家园。根据首字母提示“p”以及“the wild animals’ homes”可知，此处表示“保护”。动词protect“保护”符合语境，且“to protect”为不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。 56．It’s everyone’s duty to protect our natural e________. 【答案】environment/nvironment 【详解】句意：保护我们的自然环境是每个人的职责。空处应填名词作宾语。结合“protect our natural”可知，是指保护环境，应用名词environment。 57．He downloaded an app to c________ his English level. 【答案】check/heck 【详解】句意：他下载了一个应用程序来检测自己的英语水平。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表达“检测”，check符合题意，放于不定式to之后用其动词原形。故填check。 58．I want to go hiking this weekend, h________, the weather report says it will rain. 【答案】however/owever 【详解】句意：这个周末我想去徒步旅行，但是天气预报说会下雨。前句“I want to go hiking this weekend”表达了一个意愿，后句“the weather report says it will rain”表达了一个与之相矛盾的事实，中间用逗号连接，此处应用however“然而”连接，表示转折。 59．Factories can’t p________ the river with dirty water anymore. 【答案】pollute/ollute 【详解】句意：工厂再也不能用污水污染河流了。根据“the river with dirty water”以及首字母提示可知，此处指污染河流，pollute“污染”，can’t后接动词原形。 60．Many farmers do f________ to support their families. 【答案】farming/arming 【详解】句意：许多农民从事农活来养家糊口。句中“do”后接名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母提示，此处表示“农活、耕作”，应用单词farming。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分40分 61．You can make your own _________ (choose) based on your interest. 【答案】choice 【详解】句意：你可以根据你的兴趣做出自己的选择。空格前“your own”后接名词，choose的名词形式为choice“选择”，make one’s own choice表示“做出自己的选择”。 62．There are many modern _________ (way) to use the Sun. 【答案】ways 【详解】句意：有很多现代方式利用太阳。根据“many”可知此处使用名词复数ways。 63．In yesterday’s English class, we _________ (require) to write a short story about our families. 【答案】were required 【详解】句意：在昨天的英语课上，我们被要求写一篇关于我们家庭的短篇故事。主语we与require之间为被动关系（被要求），时间状语“yesterday’s”表明是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态were required。 64．We want _________ (use) this machine safely, so we must check it regularly. 【答案】to use 【详解】句意：我们想要安全地使用这个机器，所以我们必须有规律地检查它。此处使用搭配want to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”，填入不定式结构to use。 65．My little sister _________ (learn) to play the piano every Saturday afternoon. 【答案】learns 【详解】句意：我妹妹每个周六下午都学习弹钢琴。根据时间状语“every Saturday afternoon”可知，句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应使用一般现在时；主语“My little sister”为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词learn需变为第三人称单数形式learns。 66．The population is increasing, and it will _________ (probable) cause the shortage of drinking water. 【答案】probably 【详解】句意：人口正在增长，这或许会造成饮用水短缺。probable为形容词，意为“可能的”，句中需要副词来修饰动词“cause”，probable去掉末尾不发音的e再加-ly，变为probably，意为“可能，或许”。 67．Under the blue sky, _________ (villager) are working hard, and golden fields are shining like the sun. 【答案】villagers 【详解】句意：蓝天下，村民们正在辛勤劳作，金色的田野像阳光一样闪耀。句中be动词为“are”，说明主语是复数，“villager”的复数形式是“villagers”，表示“村民们”。 68．_________ (accord) to the report, the environment of this area has improved a lot. 【答案】According 【详解】句意：根据这份报告，这个地区的环境已经改善了很多。accord“符合，一致”，固定搭配according to意为“根据”，句首首字母大写。 69．At this time, the local people will celebrate the ________ (arrive) of the harvest (丰收). 【答案】arrival 【详解】句意：在这个时候，当地人会庆祝丰收的到来。arrive为动词，意为“到达，来临”，定冠词“the”后面需要接名词作宾语，动词arrive的名词arrival“到来，抵达”符合语境。 70．After a long-distance race, the runner still looks ________ (energy) and full of spirit. 【答案】energetic 【详解】句意：长跑比赛结束后，这位赛跑者看起来依旧精力充沛、精神饱满。energy为名词，意为“精力、活力”，感官系动词“looks”后需接形容词作表语，energetic意为“精力充沛的”，形容词。 71．She speaks English very ________ (good). 【答案】well 【详解】句意：她英语说得非常好。此处修饰动词“speaks”，需用副词。“good”是形容词，其副词形式为“well”（好地）。 72．He ________ (fall) off his bike yesterday. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：他昨天从自行车上摔下来。根据“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式；fall的过去式为fell。 73．I ________ (know) him two years ago. 【答案】knew 【详解】句意：我两年前认识他。“two years ago”说明此处描述过去的事情，动词需要使用过去式，know的过去式是knew。 74．The park ________ (cover) an area of 500 square meters. 【答案】covers 【详解】句意：这个公园占地500平方米。句子描述的是公园的面积这一客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。主语“The park”是第三人称单数，根据一般现在时中第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式的规则，“cover (覆盖)”的第三人称单数是“covers”。 75．It’s very convenient to ________ (charge) phones with solar power. 【答案】charge 【详解】句意：用太阳能给手机充电非常方便。句子使用了固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，其中to后接动词原形，因此括号内的charge使用原形即可。   76．The rules ________ (require) us to protect the environment. 【答案】require 【详解】句意：这些规定要求我们保护环境。 这句话陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语the rules是复数形式，谓语动词直接使用原形require即可，固定搭配“require sb. to do sth.”意思是“要求某人做某事”。 77．The ________ (effect) of the pollution are very serious. 【答案】effects 【详解】句意：污染的影响非常严重。本题考查名词单复数。句中谓语动词为复数形式are，说明主语应为复数；effect是可数名词，需变为复数形式effects。 78．Many people are worrying about water ________ (short) in this area. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：许多人正担心这个地区的水资源短缺问题。short意为“短缺的”，是形容词，此处需填入名词作about的宾语，short对应的名词形式为shortage。water shortage是固定搭配，意为“水资源短缺”。 79．We should learn the proper ________ (use) of the machine. 【答案】usage 【详解】句意：我们应该学会这台机器的正确用法。句中“proper”是形容词，后接名词，括号内的动词“use”需变为名词形式，其名词形式为“usage”，意为“用法”，符合语境。   80．He is always ________ (energy) and never feels tired. 【答案】energetic 【详解】句意：他总是精力充沛，从不感到疲倦。energy“能量；精力”，句中“is”为系动词，后面需要用形容词作表语，energy的形容词形式是energetic，意为“精力充沛的；充满活力的”。 81．The ________ (find) of the students’ sleeping time were published today. 【答案】findings 【详解】句意：关于学生睡眠时间的调查结果于今日公布。空格前有定冠词The，后面接名词作主语；动词find转换为名词finding，表示“调查结果、发现”；句中be动词为were，说明主语为复数findings。 82．I have ________ (full) understood the problem, and I can solve it in ten minutes. 【答案】fully 【详解】句意：我已经完全理解了这个问题，并且能在十分钟内解决它。understood是动词，需要副词来修饰，full是形容词，其副词形式为fully，表示“完全地、充分地”。故填fully。 83．The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 【答案】were talking 【详解】句意：老师询问我们刚才在教室里谈论的是什么。括号内的单词talk是动词，句中时间状语“just now”表示“刚才”，结合主句动词questioned（一般过去时），说明宾语从句的动作是“刚才正在发生的”，需用过去进行时；主语we为复数，be动词用were，talk的现在分词形式为talking，因此填were talking。 84．I wonder if they ________ (organize) an English speech competition next week. 【答案】will organize 【详解】句意：我想知道他们下周是否会组织一场英语演讲比赛。括号内的单词organize是动词，句中时间状语“next week”表示将来的动作，if引导的宾语从句需用一般将来时，因此用will organize。 85．Could you tell me when the school sports meeting ________ (start) this year? 【答案】will start 【详解】句意：你能告诉我今年的学校运动会什么时候开始吗？主句“Could you tell me”是委婉请求，宾语从句中时间状语“this year”表示将来，因此谓语动词用一般将来时“will start”。故填will start。 86．The geographer told us that the earth ________ (turn) around its axis every day. 【答案】turns 【详解】句意：地理学家告诉我们，地球每天绕地轴自转。句中宾语从句表达的是客观真理（地球自转），这类情况不受主句过去时态的影响，仍用一般现在时；主语the earth是第三人称单数，动词turn需变为turns。 87．I wonder if our school ________ (hold) a science fair next month. 【答案】will hold 【详解】我想知道我们学校下个月是否会举办一场科技博览会。句中时间状语 “next month”表示将来的动作，且主句“I wonder”为一般现在时，if引导宾语从句需用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。因此，动词hold应变为will hold。故填will hold。 88．The scientist told us that light ________ (travel) faster than sound all the time. 【答案】travels 【详解】句意：这位科学家告诉我们，光总是比声音传播得快。括号内的单词travel是动词，虽然主句为一般过去时，但宾语从句描述的是客观真理，需用一般现在时；主语light为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式travels。 89．Could you tell me when your sister ________ (come) back from Shanghai? I want to visit her. 【答案】will come 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你妹妹什么时候从上海回来吗？我想去看她。come“回来”，为动词。此处“when your sister ______ back”是宾语从句，主句“Could you tell me”为现在时，从句根据语境“I want to visit her”可知她尚未回来，应用一般将来时，故填will come。 90．The scientist said that water ________ (boil) at 100℃ under normal pressure. 【答案】boils 【详解】句意：这位科学家说，在标准大气压下，水在100℃沸腾。boil“沸腾”，为动词。主句虽为一般过去时（said），但宾语从句描述的是客观事实或自然规律，时态仍用一般现在时。主语water为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数，故填boils。 91．I want to know when he ________ (arrive) here. I’ll pick him up at the station. 【答案】will arrive 【详解】句意：我想知道他什么时候会到这儿，我要去车站接他。这是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时；“他到达这里” 是还没发生、将要发生的动作，用一般将来时will + 动词原形，所以用will arrive。 92．She asked me what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. 【答案】was doing 【详解】句意：她问我昨晚八点我在做什么。do“做”，是动词。时间状语“at 8 o’clock last night”表示过去某一具体时刻，该时刻正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”；主语是I，因此用was doing。故填was doing。 93．I wonder if it ________ (rain) tomorrow. We plan to go hiking. 【答案】will rain 【详解】句意：我想知道明天是否会下雨，我们计划去徒步旅行。句中“tomorrow”表示将来的时间，提示宾语从句的动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时。rain的一般将来时形式为will rain。 94．It’s important for us to learn how ________ (protect) the earth. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：对我们来说学习如何保护地球是非常重要的。分析句子可知，句中“It’s important for sb. to learn…”是It形式主语结构。空格前为“how”，此处为特殊疑问词+不定式的结构，作宾语，应填to protect。 95．We should protect ________ (nature) resources for future generations. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：我们应该为后代保护自然资源。 解析：此处需要形容词修饰名词resources，nature是名词，形容词形式是natural，意为“自然的”，natural resources是固定搭配，表示“自然资源”。 96．This is one of ________ (good) memories of my childhood. 【答案】the best 【详解】句意：这是我童年最美好的记忆之一。good意为“好的”，是形容词。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”，因此应用形容词的最高级形式。good的最高级为best，最高级前加定冠词the。 97．Every weekend, I will go to the bookshop to buy some books about ________ (poem). 【答案】poems 【详解】句意：每周末，我都会去书店买一些和诗歌有关的书籍。根据“some books”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，应填poems。 98．The ________ (short) of clean water is a big problem in western China. 【答案】shortage 【详解】句意：中国西部的清洁水资源短缺是一个大问题。此处需要名词作句子的主语，short是形容词，名词形式是shortage，the shortage of是固定搭配，表示“……的短缺”。 99．The young Chinese scientist has won several important ________ (prize) in the field of medicine. 【答案】prizes 【详解】句意：这位年轻的中国科学家在医学领域赢得了好几项重要奖项。several（几个、若干）后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，prize的复数形式是prizes，符合语法和句子语境。 100．Andy was busy ________ (practise) the piano for the concert next Sunday. 【答案】practising 【详解】句意：安迪正忙着为下周日的音乐会练习钢琴。句中含有固定搭配“be busy doing sth.”，其后需接动词的动名词形式。practise的动名词形式为practising。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $