Unit 5 Looking into nature 单元话题（探索自然）完形填空进阶练12篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（外研版）

**基本信息** 以“探索自然”为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇完形填空，通过分层训练系统提升语境理解与词汇运用能力，融合语言能力与自然认知。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门|4篇（如《大堡礁》）|基础词汇（形容词比较级等）与简单语境|围绕自然现象（珊瑚礁、岛屿），构建“现象描述-问题分析”逻辑链| |进阶拓展|4篇（如《树木年轮与气候》）|复杂句式与逻辑关系（因果、转折）|通过自然科学（植物药用、海洋探索）深化“观察-推理-结论”思维| |能力综合|4篇（如《射水鱼》）|长文本与深层推理，融入文化意识|综合自然知识与人文素养，提升跨语境语言运用与逻辑推理能力|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Looking into nature 单元话题（探索自然）完形填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 The Great Barrier Reef: A Natural Wonder in Danger The Great Barrier Reef is one of the 1 natural wonders in the world. It is located off the coast of Australia and is so large that it can even be seen from space! The reef is about 2,300 kilometers long, which is 2 than the distance between Beijing and Guangzhou. This amazing ecosystem is home to over 1,500 species of fish, 400 types of coral, and 4,000 kinds of mollusks. The number of individual coral polyps that build the reef is 3 —scientists estimate there are billions of them! However, in recent years, the reef has been facing serious problems. Climate change is making ocean temperatures 4 , which causes coral bleaching. When corals get too warm, they expel the algae that give them color and food, turning white and often dying. Compared to fifty years ago, the reef has lost more than 5 of its coral cover. This is much 6 than scientists expected. Marine biologists are now working hard to find solutions. Some are developing corals that can survive in 7 temperatures, while others are creating 3D-printed coral structures to help reefs regrow 8 . We must protect this incredible place. After all, it's not just Australia's treasure—it’s one of 9 important ecosystems on our planet. If we don’t act now, future generations might only see the Great Barrier Reef in pictures, which would be 10 tragedy of all. 1．A．beautiful B．beautifully C．more beautiful D．most beautiful 2．A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 3．A．amazing B．amazed C．more amazing D．most amazing 4．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 5．A．half B．one-third C．two-thirds D．three-quarters 6．A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 7．A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 8．A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 9．A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 10．A．sad B．sadder C．saddest D．the saddest Hi there. What’s your favourite subject? For me, it is 1 . I can always learn many interesting things in the geography class. Today our teacher Mr Zhang taught us about 2 . “Do you know how islands form (形成)?” Mr Zhang asked. All of us 3 our heads. “About 20, 000 years ago, the earth was very 4 . Ocean water froze into ice and the sea level went down. After that, the earth became warmer and a lot of ice melted (融化), and the sea level went up. Places like mountains 5 islands,” Mr Zhang said. “In fact, islands can form in other 6 .” “Could you tell us another one?” I asked. “Sure. Sometimes, waves move the sand at the bottom of the ocean to form islands,” Mr Zhang said. “That’s 7 !” I said and imagined what this kind of island looked like. “Can you tell us about some famous islands in China?” Sun Wei, one student, asked. “ 8 ! Weizhou Island in Guangxi is one of China’s youngest islands. A small number of rare Bryde’s whales (稀有的布氏鲸) live there. Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. There are beautiful beaches and coconut trees 9 it. Islands are not just land. They are home to special animals and plants. 10 the islands is important,” Mr Zhang said. We all nodded and were excited to explore more about the wonders of the islands. 1．A．physics B．history C．geography D．biology 2．A．forests B．mountains C．islands D．oceans 3．A．shook B．touched C．hurt D．washed 4．A．flat B．dry C．dark D．cold 5．A．produced B．became C．connected D．created 6．A．reasons B．tools C．surveys D．ways 7．A．amazing B．important C．positive D．likely 8．A．Great idea B．That’s silly C．Of course D．It’s great 9．A．about B．on C．of D．from 10．A．Choosing B．Checking C．Protecting D．Discovering Feeling stressed or sad? You might be surprised to know that 1 a tree can actually help you feel better. It may sound a little funny, 2 science shows that spending time close to trees is good for both our minds and bodies. One idea behind this is called the “biophilia hypothesis” (亲生命假说). It was suggested 3 scientist Edward Wilson. He believed that humans are naturally 4 to living things, such as plants and animals. This love for nature is part of who we are. That’s 5 many people feel relaxed when they see green forests, grass, or flowers instead of tall buildings and busy streets. Studies have also shown that hugging trees can 6 how our bodies work. When we hug a tree, our bodies may produce more oxytocin (催产素), a hormone (荷尔蒙) that helps 7 feel calm, safe, and happy. Even a short hug of about 20 seconds can make a 8 . At the same time, tree-hugging can reduce stress hormones, so we feel more 9 and peaceful. While hugging trees can be helpful, it’s important to treat nature with care. Trees are home to many tiny plants and animals that we can’t 10 see. So when you hug a tree, be gentle and respectful—just like when you hug a close friend. Sometimes, nature gives us comfort in the simplest ways. 1．A．cutting B．hugging C．climbing D．planting 2．A．or B．so C．but D．and 3．A．at B．by C．to D．for 4．A．attracted B．admired C．described D．discussed 5．A．how B．why C．what D．which 6．A．harm B．change C．control D．understand 7．A．us B．him C．her D．them 8．A．mistake B．decision C．choice D．difference 9．A．energetic B．unwilling C．relaxed D．creative 10．A．easily B．slowly C．clearly D．quickly 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 The desert is one of the hottest and driest places in the world. In 1917, the 1 in Death Valley, the United States, was over 48℃ for more than one month. However, deserts are not always 2 . Many deserts can quickly get cool once the sun goes down. Some deserts can reach over 45℃ during the day and then drop to less than 0℃ during the night. Not many animals and plants can live in the desert, because it 3 rains. Camels (骆驼) can live in the desert, because they have big 4 to walk on the sand. They can live a long time without 5 . Sometimes they don’t drink anything for weeks, 6 they are very thirsty (口渴的)! But when they find water they can drink 100 liters (升) at a time. The environment in the desert is really 7 , so only some plants can live there. For example, cacti (仙人掌) don’t need too much water and they can 8 water in their leaves. Now deserts cover about 20% of the earth’s land, and they are becoming larger and larger. Scientists think one of the main reasons is that people are 9 too many trees. Trees keep the sun from making the earth 10 . When it rains, they can hold the water. Without them, the land can become the desert much more easily. 1．A．weather B．population C．temperature D．number 2．A．hot B．windy C．cold D．cloudy 3．A．often B．usually C．always D．hardly 4．A．hands B．knees C．feet D．arms 5．A．water B．food C．air D．sunshine 6．A．when B．because C．since D．although 7．A．typical B．happy C．terrible D．wrong 8．A．keep B．make C．take D．bring 9．A．cutting up B．cutting out C．cutting off D．cutting down 10．A．wetter B．drier C．better D．colder 进阶拓展训练4篇 We know that trees are useful in our everyday life. They 1 us many things, such as wood, oxygen, rubber, medicines and many other things. They can 2 tell us a lot about our climate. Why? The following are the reasons. If you cut across a tree, you can see that it has 3 rings. Most trees grow one new ring every year. Because of this, we know 4 a tree is. A tree over a hundred years old means that it has more than a hundred 5 . When the climate is dry or very cold, the trees do not grow very much and 6 rings are usually thin. When it is wet and warm, the rings are much 7 . If the rings are suddenly very thin or suddenly very thick, this means that the 8 changed suddenly. If we look at the rings on this tree, we can learn 9 the climate a hundred years ago. We can see 10 our climate is changing today. 1．A．tell B．ask C．give D．get 2．A．neither B．too C．either D．also 3．A．many B．much C．few D．little 4．A．how big B．how long C．how old D．how much 5．A．trees B．leaves C．people D．rings 6．A．its B．his C．her D．their 7．A．bigger B．thinner C．smaller D．thicker 8．A．climate B．trees C．rings D．animals 9．A．at B．of C．about D．from 10．A．how B．why C．when D．while 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 We humans love music. But what about plants? We just have to 1 . A new report shows that nearly 67% of UK gardeners play music 2 their plants! Many people do believe music helps plants to grow better. They’re said to grow well to classical music 3 they are less interested in rock music! But is it true? Plants react (反应) to light, water, temperature and many other 4 things—so why not music? In fact, plants can feel sounds that move through the 5 as vibrations (震动). That includes vibrations made by some flying insects like bugs and bees. So, might they react to vibrations from music, too? We’re not 6 . We have to do a lot of careful tests the same way over time as different tests show 7 results. We need to check the quality of soil, water and light, as well as the music. But I 8 if singing and talking to your plants means you care about them. Here comes another question: can plants 9 music? I couldn’t believe it when I heard about the plants singing show in Italy! Are they for real? Yes, devices (装置) are tied to plant leaves. They turn plant sounds 10 synthesizer (合成) music. But the real voices of plants are much more interesting than we yet know. 1．A．run out B．look out C．find out D．put out 2．A．in B．to C．of D．with 3．A．but B．though C．so D．as 4．A．living B．natural C．dangerous D．harmful 5．A．light B．water C．soil D．air 6．A．interested B．right C．sure D．alone 7．A．similar B．different C．good D．bad 8．A．wonder B．understand C．know D．learn 9．A．hear B．feel C．notice D．make 10．A．into B．up C．down D．off You know the Pacific Ocean, but what about the Mariana Trench (马里亚纳海沟)? It is one of the greatest 1 of the earth. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the Pacific Ocean. It’s near the Mariana Islands in the west of the Pacific Ocean. It is more than 11,000 meters 2 below sea level. The Mariana Trench 3 many animals a place to live in because of its great natural conditions. Some of them are very 4 and look different. For example, the huge jellyfish are even bigger than humans, and 5 some fish have no eyes! These valuable findings catch many people’s attention. They even 6 scientists who study the Mariana Trench. Humans first reached the deepest point of the sea in 1960. It was a great 7 for science. Scientists use special tools to study the sea and take pictures of the animals. So far, only three people in the world have done this. They can take a machine to 8 the waters of the Mariana Trench nearly 10,000 meters below. In short, it’s very exciting to 9 more about its mysteries (奥秘)! We still have a long 10 ahead! 1．A．deals B．standards C．wonders D．pills 2．A．deep B．high C．wide D．long 3．A．presents B．offers C．closes D．throws 4．A．curious B．lonely C．strange D．harmful 5．A．importantly B．surprisingly C．luckily D．successfully 6．A．press B．check C．manage D．attract 7．A．victory B．decision C．failure D．mistake 8．A．leave B．enter C．clean D．heat 9．A．turn on B．put on C．act out D．find out 10．A．chance B．smoke C．journey D．coast Many plants in nature can be great treasures to people. From the leaves to fruits, each part of a plant can be used for decorations, food, and even medicine. And people have been using natural medicines 1 thousands of years. When you have a fever or a toothache, you may take some aspirin (阿司匹林) to help 2 the pain. But do you know that the medicine comes from the willow tree (柳树)? In the 5th Century BC, the Greek doctor, Hippocrates gave it to his 3 to stop their pain. In 1775, the British doctor William Withering happened to know that purple foxgloves had something to do with heart problems. So he started to 4 the plant. After nine years of tests, he 5 treated 163 patients with medicine from purple foxgloves. This natural medicine is still given to people with heart problems nowadays. Many families may 6 aloe vera plants in their gardens. And leaves from the plants can help treat burns or cuts. The Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, used this kind of amazing 7 to keep her skin soft and young-looking. Finally, we mustn’t forget the power of garlic. It thins and cleans the blood. It’s good for stomach problems and coughs, and it’s a 8 antiseptic (抗菌剂). The next time you have a cold, try a mixture of garlic. It will make you 9 better soon. Garlic is truly a 10 gift from nature. 1．A．for B．in C．on D．at 2．A．reduce B．increase C．cross D．press 3．A．friends B．patients C．family D．students 4．A．turn on B．put on C．work on D．live on 5．A．carelessly B．successfully C．thankfully D．painfully 6．A．grow B．harvest C．sell D．destroy 7．A．tree B．grass C．seed D．plant 8．A．useful B．useless C．hopeful D．hopeless 9．A．feel B．look C．sound D．taste 10．A．wonderful B．painful C．harmful D．colorful 能力综合实践4篇 Do you know about China’s smallest mountain? It is in Shouguang, Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan, the 1 mountain in China, and probably in the whole world. This mountain is about 1.24 meters long and just about 0.7 meters wide. It is only 0.6 meters 2 above the ground. With a small 3 , people can reach the top of the mountain. Is it interesting? It may not be the most famous mountain in China, 4 it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a 5 of the city and one of the most popular places of interest. How deep is Jingshan embedded (使嵌入) in the ground? We’ll probably never know. Because the government now 6 anyone from digging around it. In fact, in the 1950s, some people tried to dig around it to prove that it wasn’t a mountain, but a 7 . They dug for a long time, but they didn’t reach the bottom. And then people regarded it 8 the smallest mountain in China. As soon as the photos of Jingshan went 9 on the Internet, all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by 10 . Some even joked that during the summer, the high crops would make it impossible to find the mountain. 1．A．tallest B．largest C．smallest D．nicest 2．A．wide B．long C．high D．deep 3．A．step B．journey C．risk D．effort 4．A．so B．but C．because D．and 5．A．guest B．symbol C．hobby D．design 6．A．learns B．protects C．stops D．allows 7．A．rock B．road C．chore D．peak 8．A．with B．for C．as D．like 9．A．safe B．popular C．modern D．curious 10．A．yourself B．themselves C．ourselves D．himself Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea? It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It sits in the Jordan Valley and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth. The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times 1 than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s 2 people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it 3 . It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed! Many people visit the Dead Sea every year 4 its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for 5 skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular 6 to relax. However, the Dead Sea is 7 a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to 8 water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day 9 . The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also 10 . We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future. 1．A．heavier B．saltier C．sweeter D．cleaner 2．A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．A．easily B．hardly C．difficultly D．sadly 4．A．because of B．instead of C．thanks to D．as for 5．A．his B．her C．our D．their 6．A．way B．idea C．dream D．plan 7．A．facing B．solving C．answering D．breaking 8．A．bring B．take C．borrow D．give 9．A．appear B．disappear C．arrive D．leave 10．A．dangerous B．safe C．weak D．kind Have you ever wondered about the amazing plants and animals that live in our world? There are so many species with special abilities, and they never fail to 1 us. One of my favorite animals is the archerfish, a small fish that has a unique hunting skill. I first learned about the archerfish from a nature documentary. The documentary showed how the fish shoots water at insects to knock them into the water. I was 2 when I saw it hit a fly from two meters away! I decided to do some research to learn more about this 3 creature. The archerfish lives in the rivers and mangroves of Southeast Asia. It has a special mouth that can form a small tube. When it sees an insect on a leaf or branch, it 4 water into its mouth and shoots a stream at the prey. The fish can 5 the power and angle of the water based on the distance of the insect. This means it can hit targets that are close or far with great 6 . Scientists say the archerfish’s ability is the result of evolution. Millions of years ago, the fish’s food sources were mostly on overhanging plants. Jumping out of the water to catch insects was 7 , so the fish developed the ability to shoot water instead. This made hunting much more 8 for them. I also learned that the archerfish is very 9 . It can recognize human faces, which is rare for a fish. Some scientists did an experiment where they showed the fish different human faces, and the fish could remember and pick out a specific face from a group. This surprised many people because most fish have simple brains and are not known for their 10 . Last summer, I got a chance to see an archerfish in a local aquarium. I watched it for hours as it hunted for insects that the staff put on leaves above the water. Every time it shot water, it hit the insect perfectly. I even tried to 11 it by moving an insect to a different spot, but it still hit the target. The staff told me that the archerfish in the aquarium had been there for three years, and it had 12 to recognize the staff who fed it. Seeing the archerfish in person made me realize how 13 nature is. Every species has adapted to its environment in its own way, and there is still so much we don’t know about the world around us. I hope to learn more about amazing plants and animals in the future, and maybe one day I will get to see the archerfish in its 14 habitat in Southeast Asia. The archerfish has taught me that even the smallest creatures can have incredible abilities. It also reminds me to always be curious about the world and to never stop 15 . 1．A．surprise B．disappoint C．bore D．worry 2．A．calm B．amazed C．sad D．angry 3．A．common B．dangerous C．fascinating D．boring 4．A．takes B．puts C．draws D．pours 5．A．change B．keep C．increase D．reduce 6．A．care B．accuracy C．speed D．patience 7．A．easy B．safe C．effective D．difficult 8．A．interesting B．challenging C．successful D．popular 9．A．smart B．small C．slow D．shy 10．A．strength B．memory C．speed D．size 11．A．help B．trick C．feed D．protect 12．A．failed B．learned C．forgotten D．refused 13．A．simple B．boring C．amazing D．dangerous 14．A．natural B．artificial C．small D．large 15．A．learning B．playing C．sleeping D．working “Aim for the moon and even if you miss, you will land among the stars” is a common saying. It shows that we shouldn’t be afraid to fail and should try to be 1 . In this way, we can stay in a 2 place than where we start, even if we fail. Many great people in the world love fighting for excellence. One of them is the famous biologist—Tong Dizhou, the father of China’s clone (克隆). Tong came from a poor family in Zhejiang Province and didn’t go to high school until 17. So he became the oldest student in the class. What was worse, he faced the 3 of dropping out due to his poor academic performance. 4 , he didn’t give up. He studied hard and managed to take the lead among his classmates. 5 , he graduated with the highest grade. Tong is remembered and 6 for the outstanding achievement of cross-species (跨物种) cloning in fish. In 1963, Tong produced the world’s first cloned fish. Ten years later, Tong created the first cross-species cloned fish. In the whole process, 7 and failures didn’t prevent him. Thanks to his pioneering research, Chinese scientists developed fish-breeding skills. Now China produces more than half of the world’s aquaculture (水产养殖) harvest. Should we “aim for the moon” or 8 aim for what is easily achieved? Tong gave us a good 9 . He shows us that working towards excellence despite the failure can be a stepping stone to great success. Nowadays, many young people fear failure. They prefer to take an easier path. They 10 taking on challenges and are easily beaten by stress. Actually, fighting for excellence and not being afraid of failure can help people better themselves. 1．A．generous B．excellent C．modest D．organized 2．A．warmer B．tidier C．higher D．quieter 3．A．decision B．secret C．risk D．purpose 4．A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 5．A．In general B．As usual C．Above all D．As a result 6．A．respected B．required C．changed D．compared 7．A．celebrations B．chances C．challenges D．promotions 8．A．directly B．widely C．suddenly D．simply 9．A．speech B．answer C．excuse D．reason 10．A．avoid B．continue C．prefer D．suggest 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语期末复习系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Looking into nature 单元话题（探索自然）完形填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 The Great Barrier Reef: A Natural Wonder in Danger The Great Barrier Reef is one of the 1 natural wonders in the world. It is located off the coast of Australia and is so large that it can even be seen from space! The reef is about 2,300 kilometers long, which is 2 than the distance between Beijing and Guangzhou. This amazing ecosystem is home to over 1,500 species of fish, 400 types of coral, and 4,000 kinds of mollusks. The number of individual coral polyps that build the reef is 3 —scientists estimate there are billions of them! However, in recent years, the reef has been facing serious problems. Climate change is making ocean temperatures 4 , which causes coral bleaching. When corals get too warm, they expel the algae that give them color and food, turning white and often dying. Compared to fifty years ago, the reef has lost more than 5 of its coral cover. This is much 6 than scientists expected. Marine biologists are now working hard to find solutions. Some are developing corals that can survive in 7 temperatures, while others are creating 3D-printed coral structures to help reefs regrow 8 . We must protect this incredible place. After all, it's not just Australia's treasure—it’s one of 9 important ecosystems on our planet. If we don’t act now, future generations might only see the Great Barrier Reef in pictures, which would be 10 tragedy of all. 1．A．beautiful B．beautifully C．more beautiful D．most beautiful 2．A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 3．A．amazing B．amazed C．more amazing D．most amazing 4．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 5．A．half B．one-third C．two-thirds D．three-quarters 6．A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 7．A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 8．A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 9．A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 10．A．sad B．sadder C．saddest D．the saddest 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文围绕濒危的自然奇观大堡礁展开，介绍了大堡礁的地理位置、规模与丰富生态，阐述气候变化导致珊瑚白化、珊瑚覆盖率锐减的严峻现状，同时讲述科研人员的保护举措，呼吁人们重视并守护这一全球重要生态系统。 1．句意：大堡礁是世界上最美丽的自然奇观之一。 固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”。结合备选词，most beautiful符合语法结构与语境；beautiful（原级）、beautifully（副词）、more beautiful（比较级）均不符合该固定搭配。 2．句意：这座珊瑚礁长约2300公里，比北京到广州的距离更长。 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级。结合长度对比语境，longer符合要求；long（原级）、longest/the longest（最高级）不能与than连用。 3．句意：构成珊瑚礁的珊瑚虫数量十分惊人——科学家预估有数十亿只！ 此处修饰事物、形容数量庞大令人惊叹，形容词amazing用于修饰事物，符合语境；amazed多用于修饰人，more amazing、most amazing为比较级和最高级，本句无对比含义，故排除。 4．句意：气候变化正使海水温度变得更高，进而引发珊瑚白化。 结合常识与后文corals get too warm可知，气候变暖让海水温度上升，暗含前后变化对比，用比较级warmer；warm（原级）、warmest/the warmest（最高级）不符合语境逻辑。 5．句意：与五十年前相比，大堡礁的珊瑚覆盖率已经流失了一半以上。 结合大堡礁生态破坏的客观背景及选项词义，half贴合文章数据表述逻辑；one-third（三分之一）、two-thirds（三分之二）、three-quarters（四分之三）不符合文本事实与文意。 6．句意：这一状况比科学家预想的更加糟糕。 句中than提示用比较级，结合珊瑚退化的负面语境，worse为bad的比较级，符合要求；bad（原级）、worst/the worst（最高级）无法用于than引导的比较句式。 7．句意：部分科学家正在培育能够在更高温度下存活的珊瑚。 承接前文海水升温的背景，此处指耐高温珊瑚，修饰气温且侧重偏高的环境条件，higher符合语境；high（原级）、highest/the highest（最高级）无对比需求，不适用。 8．句意：还有研究人员打造3D打印珊瑚结构，帮助珊瑚礁更快地恢复生长。 结合科研救助的目的，是为了加快珊瑚恢复速度，此处用副词比较级faster修饰动词regrow；fast（原级）、fastest/the fastest（最高级）不符合语境需求。 9．句意：归根结底，它不只是澳大利亚的瑰宝，更是地球上最重要的生态系统之一。 固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，the most important匹配语法规则与文意；important（原级）、more important（比较级）不符合固定句式。 10．句意：如果我们不立刻行动，后代或许只能在图片中见到大堡礁，这将会是最令人痛心的一场悲剧。 结合范围限定of all，需用形容词最高级，结合悲剧的情感色彩，the saddest符合语境；sad（原级）、sadder（比较级）不能用于整体范围的最高级表达。 Hi there. What’s your favourite subject? For me, it is 1 . I can always learn many interesting things in the geography class. Today our teacher Mr Zhang taught us about 2 . “Do you know how islands form (形成)?” Mr Zhang asked. All of us 3 our heads. “About 20, 000 years ago, the earth was very 4 . Ocean water froze into ice and the sea level went down. After that, the earth became warmer and a lot of ice melted (融化), and the sea level went up. Places like mountains 5 islands,” Mr Zhang said. “In fact, islands can form in other 6 .” “Could you tell us another one?” I asked. “Sure. Sometimes, waves move the sand at the bottom of the ocean to form islands,” Mr Zhang said. “That’s 7 !” I said and imagined what this kind of island looked like. “Can you tell us about some famous islands in China?” Sun Wei, one student, asked. “ 8 ! Weizhou Island in Guangxi is one of China’s youngest islands. A small number of rare Bryde’s whales (稀有的布氏鲸) live there. Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. There are beautiful beaches and coconut trees 9 it. Islands are not just land. They are home to special animals and plants. 10 the islands is important,” Mr Zhang said. We all nodded and were excited to explore more about the wonders of the islands. 1．A．physics B．history C．geography D．biology 2．A．forests B．mountains C．islands D．oceans 3．A．shook B．touched C．hurt D．washed 4．A．flat B．dry C．dark D．cold 5．A．produced B．became C．connected D．created 6．A．reasons B．tools C．surveys D．ways 7．A．amazing B．important C．positive D．likely 8．A．Great idea B．That’s silly C．Of course D．It’s great 9．A．about B．on C．of D．from 10．A．Choosing B．Checking C．Protecting D．Discovering 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了地理课上老师向学生们讲解岛屿的两种形成方式，并介绍了中国著名的涠洲岛和海南岛，强调了保护岛屿的重要性。 1．句意：对我来说，是地理。 后文提到“in the geography class”，可知作者最喜欢的科目是地理。geography“地理”符合语境；physics“物理”、history“历史”、biology“生物”均不符合。 2．句意：今天我们的老师张老师教了我们关于岛屿的知识。 后文老师提问“Do you know how islands form?”，可知本节课讲的是岛屿。islands“岛屿”符合语境；forests“森林”、mountains“山脉”、oceans“海洋”均不符合。 3．句意：我们所有人都摇了摇头。 老师提问后大家不知道答案，应是摇头表示不知道。shook“摇头”符合语境（shake one‘s head）；touched“触摸”、hurt“伤害”、washed“洗”均不符合。 4．句意：大约两万年前，地球非常寒冷。 后文提到“Ocean water froze into ice”（海水结冰），可知当时地球很冷。cold“寒冷的”符合语境；flat“平坦的”、dry“干燥的”、dark“黑暗的”均不符合。 5．句意：像山脉这样的地方变成了岛屿。 前文提到海水结冰又融化，海平面上升，一些地方像山脉就成了岛屿。became“变成”符合语境；produced“生产”、connected“连接”、created“创造”均不符合。 6．句意：事实上，岛屿可以通过其他方式形成。 后文老师介绍了另一种岛屿形成方式（海浪移动沙子），ways“方式”符合语境；reasons“原因”、tools“工具”、surveys“调查”均不符合。 7．句意：“太神奇了！”我说，并想象这种岛屿的样子。 作者听到岛屿的另一种形成方式，感到惊奇。amazing“令人惊奇的”符合语境；important“重要的”、positive“积极的”、likely“可能的”均不符合。 8．句意：“当然可以！” 学生问能否介绍中国著名的岛屿，老师欣然同意。Of course“当然”符合语境；Great idea“好主意”（学生问问题，不是提建议）、That’s silly“那很傻”、It’s great“太好了”均不符合。 9．句意：岛上有美丽的海滩和椰子树。 表示“在岛上有”，介词用on。on“在……上面”符合语境；about“关于”、of“……的”、from“来自”均不符合。 10．句意：保护岛屿很重要。 前文提到岛屿是特殊动植物的家园，因此保护岛屿很重要。Protecting“保护”符合语境；Choosing“选择”、Checking“检查”、Discovering“发现”均不符合。 Feeling stressed or sad? You might be surprised to know that 1 a tree can actually help you feel better. It may sound a little funny, 2 science shows that spending time close to trees is good for both our minds and bodies. One idea behind this is called the “biophilia hypothesis” (亲生命假说). It was suggested 3 scientist Edward Wilson. He believed that humans are naturally 4 to living things, such as plants and animals. This love for nature is part of who we are. That’s 5 many people feel relaxed when they see green forests, grass, or flowers instead of tall buildings and busy streets. Studies have also shown that hugging trees can 6 how our bodies work. When we hug a tree, our bodies may produce more oxytocin (催产素), a hormone (荷尔蒙) that helps 7 feel calm, safe, and happy. Even a short hug of about 20 seconds can make a 8 . At the same time, tree-hugging can reduce stress hormones, so we feel more 9 and peaceful. While hugging trees can be helpful, it’s important to treat nature with care. Trees are home to many tiny plants and animals that we can’t 10 see. So when you hug a tree, be gentle and respectful—just like when you hug a close friend. Sometimes, nature gives us comfort in the simplest ways. 1．A．cutting B．hugging C．climbing D．planting 2．A．or B．so C．but D．and 3．A．at B．by C．to D．for 4．A．attracted B．admired C．described D．discussed 5．A．how B．why C．what D．which 6．A．harm B．change C．control D．understand 7．A．us B．him C．her D．them 8．A．mistake B．decision C．choice D．difference 9．A．energetic B．unwilling C．relaxed D．creative 10．A．easily B．slowly C．clearly D．quickly 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了拥抱树木能缓解压力、改善情绪的科学依据，并提醒人们要爱护自然、尊重树木。 1．句意：你可能会惊讶地发现，拥抱一棵树实际上可以让你感觉更好。 根据下文“Studies have also shown that hugging trees”可知，此处说的是拥抱树木能帮你改善心情，hugging“拥抱”。cutting“切”、climbing“爬”和planting“种植”均不符合。 2．句意：这听起来可能有点好笑，但科学表明，花时间靠近树木对我们的身心都有好处。 前后是转折关系，用but“但是”承接句子。or“或者”、so“所以”和and“和”均不符合。 3．句意：这是科学家爱德华·威尔逊提出的。 空后是人，be suggested by sb表示“由某人提出”。at“在”、to“到”和for“为了”均不符合。 4．句意：他认为，人类天生就会被植物和动物等生物所吸引。 be attracted to表示“被……吸引”，符合“人类天生被生物吸引”的语境。admired“钦佩”、described“描述”和discussed“讨论”均没有这种搭配。 5．句意：这就是为什么许多人看到绿色的森林、草地或花朵而不是高楼大厦和繁忙的街道时感到放松的原因。 上文说“这种对自然的热爱是我们的一部分”，此处解释原因，用why“为什么”引导表语从句。how“怎么样”、what“什么”和which“哪一个”均不符合。 6．句意：研究还表明，拥抱树木可以改变我们的身体工作方式。 根据下文“When we hug a tree, our bodies may produce more oxytocin … feel calm, safe, and happy.”可知，拥抱树木会让身体产生更多的催产素，应是改变我们的身体工作方式，change“改变”。harm“伤害”、control“控制”和understand“理解”均不符合。 7．句意：当我们拥抱一棵树时，我们的身体可能会产生更多的催产素，这是一种帮助我们感到平静、安全和快乐的荷尔蒙。 根据“When we hug a tree, our bodies”可知，应该是帮助“我们”感到平静、安全、快乐，us“我们”。him“他”、her“她”和them“他们”均不符合。 8．句意：即使是大约20秒的短暂拥抱也会产生影响。 make a difference“产生影响；起作用”，此处指拥抱树木对人的作用。mistake“错误”、decision“决定”和choice“选择”均不符合。 9．句意：同时，拥抱树木可以减少压力荷尔蒙，让我们感觉更放松、更平静。 根据“tree-hugging can reduce stress hormones”可知，减压带来的应该是更放松，relaxed“放松的”。energetic“精力充沛的”、unwilling“不情愿的”和creative“创造性的”均不符合。 10．句意：树木是许多我们不容易看到的微小植物和动物的家园。 can’t表示否定，此处修饰动词see，应该指不容易看到的微小植物和动物，easily“容易地”。slowly“慢慢地”、clearly“清楚地”和quickly“快速地”均不符合。 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 The desert is one of the hottest and driest places in the world. In 1917, the 1 in Death Valley, the United States, was over 48℃ for more than one month. However, deserts are not always 2 . Many deserts can quickly get cool once the sun goes down. Some deserts can reach over 45℃ during the day and then drop to less than 0℃ during the night. Not many animals and plants can live in the desert, because it 3 rains. Camels (骆驼) can live in the desert, because they have big 4 to walk on the sand. They can live a long time without 5 . Sometimes they don’t drink anything for weeks, 6 they are very thirsty (口渴的)! But when they find water they can drink 100 liters (升) at a time. The environment in the desert is really 7 , so only some plants can live there. For example, cacti (仙人掌) don’t need too much water and they can 8 water in their leaves. Now deserts cover about 20% of the earth’s land, and they are becoming larger and larger. Scientists think one of the main reasons is that people are 9 too many trees. Trees keep the sun from making the earth 10 . When it rains, they can hold the water. Without them, the land can become the desert much more easily. 1．A．weather B．population C．temperature D．number 2．A．hot B．windy C．cold D．cloudy 3．A．often B．usually C．always D．hardly 4．A．hands B．knees C．feet D．arms 5．A．water B．food C．air D．sunshine 6．A．when B．because C．since D．although 7．A．typical B．happy C．terrible D．wrong 8．A．keep B．make C．take D．bring 9．A．cutting up B．cutting out C．cutting off D．cutting down 10．A．wetter B．drier C．better D．colder 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了沙漠的特点，包括其极端的气温变化、生物生存的困难，以及人类活动对沙漠扩张的影响。 1．句意：1917年，美国死亡谷的气温超过48摄氏度持续了一个多月。 下文提到“over 48℃”，这是描述温度的，因此temperature“温度”符合语境。weather“天气”、population“人口”、number“数量”均与温度无关。 2．句意：然而，沙漠并不总是炎热的。 上文提到沙漠是世界上最热的地方之一，此处用however转折，说明沙漠并不总是炎热的，hot“炎热的”符合语境。windy“多风的”、cold“寒冷的”、cloudy“多云的”均与上文描述的沙漠特点不符。 3．句意：没有多少动植物能在沙漠中生存，因为那里几乎不下雨。 上文提到沙漠是干燥的地方，因此动植物难以生存，hardly“几乎不”符合语境，表示沙漠很少下雨。often“经常”、usually“通常”、always“总是”均与沙漠干燥的特点不符。 4．句意：骆驼可以在沙漠中生存，因为它们有大的脚可以在沙子上行走。 下文提到“to walk on the sand”，说明骆驼有适合在沙子上行走的器官，feet“脚”符合语境。hands“手”、knees“膝盖”、arms“胳膊”均与行走无关。 5．句意：它们可以长时间不喝水生存。 下文提到“Sometimes they don’t drink anything for weeks”，说明骆驼可以长时间不喝水，water“水”符合语境。food“食物”、air“空气”、sunshine“阳光”均与下文提到的喝水无关。 6．句意：有时它们几周不喝任何东西，尽管它们非常口渴！ 上文说几周不喝水，下文说非常口渴，存在转折关系，although“尽管”符合。when“当……时候”；because“因为”；since“自从”，均不符合逻辑关系。 7．句意：沙漠的环境真的很恶劣，所以只有一些植物能在那里生存。 上文提到沙漠环境对生物生存的困难，此处用terrible“恶劣的”形容沙漠环境。typical“典型的”、happy“快乐的”、wrong“错误的”均与沙漠环境的特点不符。 8．句意：例如，仙人掌不需要太多的水，它们可以在叶子里储存水。 上文提到仙人掌不需要太多水，此处说明它们如何在叶子里储存水，keep“储存”符合语境。make“制作”、take“带走”、bring“带来”均与储存水无关。 9．句意：科学家认为主要原因之一是人们砍伐了太多的树。 下文提到树木对保持地球湿润和防止沙漠化的作用，此处说明人类活动对沙漠扩张的影响，cutting down“砍伐”符合语境。cutting up“切碎”、cutting out“裁剪”、cutting off“切断”均与砍伐树木无关。 10．句意：树木阻止太阳使地球变得更干燥。 上文提到沙漠是干燥的地方，此处说明树木对防止地球变得更干燥的作用，drier“更干燥的”符合语境。wetter“更湿润的”、better“更好的”、colder“更冷的”均与防止沙漠化的语境不符。 进阶拓展训练4篇 We know that trees are useful in our everyday life. They 1 us many things, such as wood, oxygen, rubber, medicines and many other things. They can 2 tell us a lot about our climate. Why? The following are the reasons. If you cut across a tree, you can see that it has 3 rings. Most trees grow one new ring every year. Because of this, we know 4 a tree is. A tree over a hundred years old means that it has more than a hundred 5 . When the climate is dry or very cold, the trees do not grow very much and 6 rings are usually thin. When it is wet and warm, the rings are much 7 . If the rings are suddenly very thin or suddenly very thick, this means that the 8 changed suddenly. If we look at the rings on this tree, we can learn 9 the climate a hundred years ago. We can see 10 our climate is changing today. 1．A．tell B．ask C．give D．get 2．A．neither B．too C．either D．also 3．A．many B．much C．few D．little 4．A．how big B．how long C．how old D．how much 5．A．trees B．leaves C．people D．rings 6．A．its B．his C．her D．their 7．A．bigger B．thinner C．smaller D．thicker 8．A．climate B．trees C．rings D．animals 9．A．at B．of C．about D．from 10．A．how B．why C．when D．while 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木在日常生活中的多种用途，重点讲解了如何通过树木的年轮判断树龄和过去的气候变化。 1．句意：它们为我们提供许多东西，比如木材、氧气、橡胶、药品和其他许多物品。 空后为“us many things, such as wood, oxygen, rubber, medicines and many other things”，语境为“树木为我们提供很多东西”。give sb. sth.是固定搭配，表示“给某人提供某物”，符合“树木为人类提供资源”的语境，应选用give。tell、ask、get均与“提供资源”的语境不符。 2．句意：它们也能告诉我们很多关于气候的信息。 前文提到树木提供资源，后文补充“它们也能告诉我们很多关于气候的信息”，表递进关系，且句子为肯定句。also表示“也”，用于肯定句中，放在情态动词can之后，符合递进逻辑。neither、either、too用法或位置不符。 3．句意：如果你横切一棵树，你会发现它有许多年轮。 空后为复数名词rings，且后文提到“每年长一个新的年轮”，说明年轮数量多。many修饰可数名词复数，表示“许多”，符合语境，应选用many。much/little修饰不可数名词，few表示“很少”，与后文“每年生长”的语境矛盾。 4．句意：正因为如此，我们能知道一棵树的年龄。 前文提到“大多数树每年长一个新年轮”，后文提到“百年老树有超过一百个年轮”，因此年轮数量与树龄相关。how old表示“多大年纪”，此处指树的年龄，符合“通过年轮判断树龄”的逻辑。how big、how long、how much与树龄无关。 5．句意：一棵超过一百年的树意味着它有超过一百个年轮。 前文提到“每年长一个新年轮”，因此“百年老树”的年轮数量超过一百。rings表示“年轮”，符合上下文语境，应选用rings。trees、leaves、people均与“百年老树的年轮数量”无关。 6．句意：当气候干燥或非常寒冷时，树木生长缓慢，它们的年轮通常很薄。 前文主语为复数名词the trees，此处修饰rings，表示“它们的年轮”，需用复数形容词性物主代词。their表示“它们的”，指代树木，符合语法与语境，应选用their。its、his、her均与复数主语trees不匹配。 7．句意：当气候湿润温暖时，年轮会厚得多。 前文提到干燥寒冷时年轮“thin（薄）”，此处描述“潮湿温暖”的情况，应与前文形成对比。thicker表示“更厚的”，与thin形成反义对比，符合语境，应选用thicker。bigger、thinner、smaller均不符合“潮湿温暖时树木生长好，年轮更厚”的逻辑。 8．句意：如果年轮突然变得很薄或很厚，这意味着气候发生了突然变化。 前文提到“气候干燥/寒冷时年轮薄，湿润/温暖时年轮厚”，因此年轮突然变化说明气候发生了变化。climate表示“气候”，符合上下文逻辑，应选用climate。trees、rings、animals均与“年轮变化的原因”无关。 9．句意：如果我们观察这棵树的年轮，就能了解一百年前的气候。 固定搭配learn about sth.表示“了解关于某事的信息”，此处指了解过去的气候。about符合learn about的固定搭配，应选用about。at、of、from均无法构成该固定搭配。 10．句意：我们可以看到如今的气候正在如何变化。 空后句子“our climate is changing today”作see的宾语，需引导宾语从句，表示“如何变化”。how表示“如何、怎样”，引导宾语从句，符合语境，应选用how。why、when、while均不符合句子语义。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 We humans love music. But what about plants? We just have to 1 . A new report shows that nearly 67% of UK gardeners play music 2 their plants! Many people do believe music helps plants to grow better. They’re said to grow well to classical music 3 they are less interested in rock music! But is it true? Plants react (反应) to light, water, temperature and many other 4 things—so why not music? In fact, plants can feel sounds that move through the 5 as vibrations (震动). That includes vibrations made by some flying insects like bugs and bees. So, might they react to vibrations from music, too? We’re not 6 . We have to do a lot of careful tests the same way over time as different tests show 7 results. We need to check the quality of soil, water and light, as well as the music. But I 8 if singing and talking to your plants means you care about them. Here comes another question: can plants 9 music? I couldn’t believe it when I heard about the plants singing show in Italy! Are they for real? Yes, devices (装置) are tied to plant leaves. They turn plant sounds 10 synthesizer (合成) music. But the real voices of plants are much more interesting than we yet know. 1．A．run out B．look out C．find out D．put out 2．A．in B．to C．of D．with 3．A．but B．though C．so D．as 4．A．living B．natural C．dangerous D．harmful 5．A．light B．water C．soil D．air 6．A．interested B．right C．sure D．alone 7．A．similar B．different C．good D．bad 8．A．wonder B．understand C．know D．learn 9．A．hear B．feel C．notice D．make 10．A．into B．up C．down D．off 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇科普短文，围绕“植物与音乐的关系”展开，探讨了人们给植物播放音乐的现象、植物对声音的反应机制，以及关于植物能否“发出音乐”的趣味实验，引导读者科学看待植物与声音的互动。 1．句意：我们只需要找出答案。 根据前文问“But what about plants?”可知，这里我们得弄清楚。find out“找出”符合语境。 2．句意：一份新的报告显示，近67%的英国园丁对着他们的植物播放音乐！ play music to sb./sth.是固定搭配，表示“对着……播放音乐”。 3．句意：据说它们在古典音乐中生长更好，但它们对摇滚乐没那么感兴趣！ 结合句意，前后是转折关系，用but连接。 4．句意：植物对光、水、温度和许多其他自然事物都有反应——那么为什么不是音乐呢？ 光、水、温度这些都是自然的事物，natural“自然的”符合语境。 5．句意：事实上，植物能够感觉到声音以振动的形式穿过空气传播。 根据常识，声音通过空气传播并形成震动，air“空气”符合语境。 6．句意：我们不确定。 前文提出“植物会对音乐的振动做出反应吗？”后文说需要做大量测试，说明我们还不确定。sure“确定”符合语境。 7．句意：随着时间的推移，我们必须以同样的方式进行大量仔细的测试，因为不同的测试显示出不同的结果。 根据“different tests show ... results”可知，不同的测试会显示出不同的结果，different“不同的”符合语境。 8．句意：但我想知道对着植物唱歌、说话，是否就代表你真心在乎它们。 I wonder if是固定表达，意为“我想知道是否……”。 9． 句意：还有另一个问题：植物能创造音乐吗？ 根据“when I heard about the plants singing show in Italy!”可知，此处指的是植物是否能创作音乐，make“制作”符合语境。 10．句意：他们把植物的声音转换成合成音乐。 turn... into...固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。 You know the Pacific Ocean, but what about the Mariana Trench (马里亚纳海沟)? It is one of the greatest 1 of the earth. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the Pacific Ocean. It’s near the Mariana Islands in the west of the Pacific Ocean. It is more than 11,000 meters 2 below sea level. The Mariana Trench 3 many animals a place to live in because of its great natural conditions. Some of them are very 4 and look different. For example, the huge jellyfish are even bigger than humans, and 5 some fish have no eyes! These valuable findings catch many people’s attention. They even 6 scientists who study the Mariana Trench. Humans first reached the deepest point of the sea in 1960. It was a great 7 for science. Scientists use special tools to study the sea and take pictures of the animals. So far, only three people in the world have done this. They can take a machine to 8 the waters of the Mariana Trench nearly 10,000 meters below. In short, it’s very exciting to 9 more about its mysteries (奥秘)! We still have a long 10 ahead! 1．A．deals B．standards C．wonders D．pills 2．A．deep B．high C．wide D．long 3．A．presents B．offers C．closes D．throws 4．A．curious B．lonely C．strange D．harmful 5．A．importantly B．surprisingly C．luckily D．successfully 6．A．press B．check C．manage D．attract 7．A．victory B．decision C．failure D．mistake 8．A．leave B．enter C．clean D．heat 9．A．turn on B．put on C．act out D．find out 10．A．chance B．smoke C．journey D．coast 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了世界自然奇观之一——马里亚纳海沟，涵盖其深度、为生物提供栖息地、人类探索历程等内容，展现海洋奥秘探索的刺激与漫长。 1．句意：它是地球上最伟大的奇迹之一。 由常识可知，马里亚纳海沟是地球最伟大的“奇迹”之一。因此选C。 2．句意：它在海平面以下11000多米深。 结合“below sea level”可知，此处描述深度，指超过11000米“深”。 3．句意：马里亚纳海沟因其优越的自然条件为许多动物提供了生存的地方。 “offer sb. sth.”是“为某人提供某物”，固定搭配，这里指海沟为很多动物提供栖息地，符合语境。 4．句意：有些生物很奇怪，看起来也不一样。 后文提到这些生物look different，对应“奇怪”这个描述，符合语境。 5．句意：例如，巨大的水母甚至比人还大，令人惊讶的是有些鱼没有眼睛！ “some fish have no eyes”是件“令人惊讶”的事。surprisingly符合语境。 6．句意：它们甚至吸引了研究马里亚纳海沟的科学家。 前文说这些发现“吸引了很多人的注意”，递进表示“甚至吸引了研究海沟的科学家”，attract符合语境。 7．句意：这是科学的伟大胜利。 人类1960年首次到达海洋最深处，这对科学而言是重大“胜利”。 8．句意：他们可以乘坐机器进入近万米以下的马里亚纳海沟水域。 结合“the waters of the Mariana Trench nearly 10,000 meters below”可知，是乘机器“进入”水域。 9．句意：总之，深入了解它的奥秘是非常令人兴奋的！ find out more about是固定搭配，意思是“了解/发现更多关于……”，符合“探索海沟奥秘”的语境。 10．句意：我们还有很长的路要走！ 我们面前还有很长的(探索)旅程”，journey符合语义。 Many plants in nature can be great treasures to people. From the leaves to fruits, each part of a plant can be used for decorations, food, and even medicine. And people have been using natural medicines 1 thousands of years. When you have a fever or a toothache, you may take some aspirin (阿司匹林) to help 2 the pain. But do you know that the medicine comes from the willow tree (柳树)? In the 5th Century BC, the Greek doctor, Hippocrates gave it to his 3 to stop their pain. In 1775, the British doctor William Withering happened to know that purple foxgloves had something to do with heart problems. So he started to 4 the plant. After nine years of tests, he 5 treated 163 patients with medicine from purple foxgloves. This natural medicine is still given to people with heart problems nowadays. Many families may 6 aloe vera plants in their gardens. And leaves from the plants can help treat burns or cuts. The Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, used this kind of amazing 7 to keep her skin soft and young-looking. Finally, we mustn’t forget the power of garlic. It thins and cleans the blood. It’s good for stomach problems and coughs, and it’s a 8 antiseptic (抗菌剂). The next time you have a cold, try a mixture of garlic. It will make you 9 better soon. Garlic is truly a 10 gift from nature. 1．A．for B．in C．on D．at 2．A．reduce B．increase C．cross D．press 3．A．friends B．patients C．family D．students 4．A．turn on B．put on C．work on D．live on 5．A．carelessly B．successfully C．thankfully D．painfully 6．A．grow B．harvest C．sell D．destroy 7．A．tree B．grass C．seed D．plant 8．A．useful B．useless C．hopeful D．hopeless 9．A．feel B．look C．sound D．taste 10．A．wonderful B．painful C．harmful D．colorful 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自然界中几种具有药用价值的植物，讲述了柳树（阿司匹林的来源）、紫花洋地黄、芦荟和大蒜在医学和日常保健中的应用，说明植物自古以来就是人类的“天然宝藏”，为人们提供了缓解疼痛、治疗疾病、养护皮肤的有效方法，展现了大自然赋予人类的珍贵礼物。 1．句意：而且人们使用这些天然药物已经有数千年的历史了。 for+时间段是现在完成时的标志，表示动作持续的时间长度；in通常接将来时间，on/at不能接时间段表示持续。 2．句意：当你发烧或牙痛时，你可能会服用阿司匹林来帮助减轻疼痛。 阿司匹林的作用是“减轻/缓解” 疼痛，reduce表示“减少、减轻”；increase（增加）、cross（穿过）、press（按压）均不符合语境。 3．句意：公元前 5 世纪，希腊医生希波克拉底把它给了他的病人来止痛。 医生的服务对象是“病人”，patients符合语境；friends（朋友）、family（家人）、students（学生）均不符合医生的身份场景。 4．句意：所以他开始研究这种植物。 前文提到他发现紫花洋地黄和心脏问题有关，因此他会开始“研究/探索” 这种植物，work on表示“研究、从事”；turn on（打开）、put on（穿上）、live on（以……为生）均不符合语境。 5．句意：经过九年的测试，他成功地用紫花洋地黄的药物治疗了 163 名患者。 后文提到这种药物至今仍在使用，说明治疗是“成功的”，successfully符合语境；carelessly（粗心地）、thankfully（感激地）、painfully（痛苦地）均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：许多家庭可能会在花园里种植芦荟。 grow表示“种植、栽种”，符合“在花园里养植物”的语境；harvest（收获）、sell（售卖）、destroy（破坏）均不符合日常家庭场景。 7．句意：埃及女王克利奥帕特拉使用这种神奇的植物来保持皮肤柔软、年轻。 前文提到的是芦荟这种“植物”，因此此处用plant；tree（树）、grass（草）、seed（种子）都不符合芦荟的类别。 8．句意：它对胃病和咳嗽有好处，而且是一种有用的抗菌剂。 前文一直在介绍大蒜的益处，因此它是“有用的”抗菌剂，useful符合语境；useless（无用的）、hopeful（有希望的）、hopeless（无望的）均不符合逻辑。 9．句意：它会让你很快感觉好起来。 感冒时喝大蒜混合物，是让你“感觉”好转，feel better是固定搭配，表示“身体/心情好转”；look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）均不符合语境。 10．句意：大蒜真的是大自然赐予的一份极好的礼物。 全文都在赞美大蒜的益处，因此用wonderful（极好的、奇妙的）；painful（痛苦的）、harmful（有害的）、colorful（多彩的）均不符合语境。 能力综合实践4篇 Do you know about China’s smallest mountain? It is in Shouguang, Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan, the 1 mountain in China, and probably in the whole world. This mountain is about 1.24 meters long and just about 0.7 meters wide. It is only 0.6 meters 2 above the ground. With a small 3 , people can reach the top of the mountain. Is it interesting? It may not be the most famous mountain in China, 4 it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a 5 of the city and one of the most popular places of interest. How deep is Jingshan embedded (使嵌入) in the ground? We’ll probably never know. Because the government now 6 anyone from digging around it. In fact, in the 1950s, some people tried to dig around it to prove that it wasn’t a mountain, but a 7 . They dug for a long time, but they didn’t reach the bottom. And then people regarded it 8 the smallest mountain in China. As soon as the photos of Jingshan went 9 on the Internet, all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by 10 . Some even joked that during the summer, the high crops would make it impossible to find the mountain. 1．A．tallest B．largest C．smallest D．nicest 2．A．wide B．long C．high D．deep 3．A．step B．journey C．risk D．effort 4．A．so B．but C．because D．and 5．A．guest B．symbol C．hobby D．design 6．A．learns B．protects C．stops D．allows 7．A．rock B．road C．chore D．peak 8．A．with B．for C．as D．like 9．A．safe B．popular C．modern D．curious 10．A．yourself B．themselves C．ourselves D．himself 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国（甚至可能是全世界）最小的山——静山。 1．句意：在那里你会找到静山，它是中国，甚至可能是全世界最小的山。 根据上文中的“Do you know about China’s smallest mountain?”可知，此处指最小的山。 2．句意：它高出地面仅0.6米。 根据“above the ground”可知，此处指山高出地面只有0.6米，描述山的高度用“high”。 3．句意：只要一小步，人们就能到达山顶。 因为山很矮，只有“0.6 meters”，所以人们只要迈一小步就能到达山顶。 4．句意：它可能不是中国最有名的山，但它是寿光唯一的山。 前半句说“ not be the most famous”（不是最出名的），后半句说“the only mountain”（唯一的山），前后句是转折关系，所以用but。 5．句意：它是这座城市的一个象征，也是最受欢迎的景点之一。 根据上文中的“it’s the only mountain in Shouguang”可知，静山是寿光唯一的山，所以这座山是这个城市的一个象征。 6．句意：因为政府现在阻止任何人在它周围挖掘。 stop sb. from doing sth.是固定搭配，意思是“阻止某人做某事”。政府为了保护静山，会禁止挖掘，所以用stops。 7．句意：事实上，在20世纪50年代，有人试图在它周围挖掘，想证明它不是一座山，而只是一块岩石。 一些人试图挖掘它来证明它不是一座山，可能只是一块岩石（rock）。road（路）、chore（家务）、peak（山峰）都不符合。 8．句意：后来人们就把它看作是中国最小的山。 regard…as…是固定搭配，意思是“把……看作”，其他介词with、for、like都不能和regard构成这个搭配，故排除这几个选项。 9．句意：静山的照片在网上走红后，各种评论都出现了。 go popular在这里表示“变得受欢迎、走红”，符合“照片在网上传播、引发讨论”的语境。 10．句意：有些人说他们想亲自去看看这座可爱的小山。 根据“Some”和“they”可知，此处是指“他们自己”来参观这座山，应用themselves。 Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea? It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It sits in the Jordan Valley and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth. The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times 1 than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s 2 people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it 3 . It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed! Many people visit the Dead Sea every year 4 its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for 5 skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular 6 to relax. However, the Dead Sea is 7 a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to 8 water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day 9 . The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also 10 . We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future. 1．A．heavier B．saltier C．sweeter D．cleaner 2．A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．A．easily B．hardly C．difficultly D．sadly 4．A．because of B．instead of C．thanks to D．as for 5．A．his B．her C．our D．their 6．A．way B．idea C．dream D．plan 7．A．facing B．solving C．answering D．breaking 8．A．bring B．take C．borrow D．give 9．A．appear B．disappear C．arrive D．leave 10．A．dangerous B．safe C．weak D．kind 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍死海的特点与价值，指出其面临缩小危机，呼吁保护自然奇观，强调自然既强大又脆弱，人类应尽力守护未来。 1．句意：死海的水非常咸——几乎比普通海水咸十倍。 前文提到“The water in the Dead Sea is very salty”，此处用倍数对比说明它比普通海水咸得多。salty“咸的”，其比较级是saltier，符合语境。 2．句意：那就是为什么人们称它为“死海”。 前文提到“鱼或植物无法在其中生存”，这是人们称它为“死海”的原因。“That’s why...”是固定句型，意为“这就是……的原因”。 3．句意：水的浮力非常大，你可以轻松地浮在水面上。 根据前文“水的浮力很大”，以及后文“像躺在气垫床上”的描述，可知浮在水面上是很轻松的。easily“轻松地、容易地”符合语境。 4．句意：每年很多人因为其特殊泥浆游览死海。 后文提到泥浆富含矿物质，对皮肤有益，这是人们来参观的原因。because of“因为、由于”用于引出原因，后接名词或名词短语，符合语境。 5．句意：泥浆富含矿物质，据说对我们的皮肤有益。 根据语境泛指人类包括读者，our体现普遍性。his等指代特定对象，范围过窄。 6．句意：这是一种受欢迎的放松方式。 前文提到游客们会涂满泥浆、在水中漂浮，这是一种放松的方式。way“方式、方法”符合语境，a popular way to relax意为“一种受欢迎的放松方式”。 7．句意：然而，死海正面临一个问题。 后文提到“It is shrinking”，说明死海面临着问题。face a problem是固定搭配，意为“面临问题”，此处用现在进行时facing。 8．句意：科学家说我们需要从其他地方引入水来拯救它。 前文提到死海水位每年下降约1米，因此需要从其他地方引入水源来拯救它。bring water from other places意为“从其他地方引水”，符合语境。 9．句意：如果我们不采取行动，这个自然奇观有一天可能会消失。 前文提到死海正在缩小，如果不采取措施，它最终会消失。disappear“消失”符合语境。 10．句意：死海给我们上了重要的一课：自然是强大而美丽的，但也是脆弱的。 前文提到死海正面临消失的危机，说明自然也有脆弱的一面。weak“脆弱的、易受破坏的”符合语境，与前文的powerful and beautiful形成对比。 Have you ever wondered about the amazing plants and animals that live in our world? There are so many species with special abilities, and they never fail to 1 us. One of my favorite animals is the archerfish, a small fish that has a unique hunting skill. I first learned about the archerfish from a nature documentary. The documentary showed how the fish shoots water at insects to knock them into the water. I was 2 when I saw it hit a fly from two meters away! I decided to do some research to learn more about this 3 creature. The archerfish lives in the rivers and mangroves of Southeast Asia. It has a special mouth that can form a small tube. When it sees an insect on a leaf or branch, it 4 water into its mouth and shoots a stream at the prey. The fish can 5 the power and angle of the water based on the distance of the insect. This means it can hit targets that are close or far with great 6 . Scientists say the archerfish’s ability is the result of evolution. Millions of years ago, the fish’s food sources were mostly on overhanging plants. Jumping out of the water to catch insects was 7 , so the fish developed the ability to shoot water instead. This made hunting much more 8 for them. I also learned that the archerfish is very 9 . It can recognize human faces, which is rare for a fish. Some scientists did an experiment where they showed the fish different human faces, and the fish could remember and pick out a specific face from a group. This surprised many people because most fish have simple brains and are not known for their 10 . Last summer, I got a chance to see an archerfish in a local aquarium. I watched it for hours as it hunted for insects that the staff put on leaves above the water. Every time it shot water, it hit the insect perfectly. I even tried to 11 it by moving an insect to a different spot, but it still hit the target. The staff told me that the archerfish in the aquarium had been there for three years, and it had 12 to recognize the staff who fed it. Seeing the archerfish in person made me realize how 13 nature is. Every species has adapted to its environment in its own way, and there is still so much we don’t know about the world around us. I hope to learn more about amazing plants and animals in the future, and maybe one day I will get to see the archerfish in its 14 habitat in Southeast Asia. The archerfish has taught me that even the smallest creatures can have incredible abilities. It also reminds me to always be curious about the world and to never stop 15 . 1．A．surprise B．disappoint C．bore D．worry 2．A．calm B．amazed C．sad D．angry 3．A．common B．dangerous C．fascinating D．boring 4．A．takes B．puts C．draws D．pours 5．A．change B．keep C．increase D．reduce 6．A．care B．accuracy C．speed D．patience 7．A．easy B．safe C．effective D．difficult 8．A．interesting B．challenging C．successful D．popular 9．A．smart B．small C．slow D．shy 10．A．strength B．memory C．speed D．size 11．A．help B．trick C．feed D．protect 12．A．failed B．learned C．forgotten D．refused 13．A．simple B．boring C．amazing D．dangerous 14．A．natural B．artificial C．small D．large 15．A．learning B．playing C．sleeping D．working 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了射水鱼独特的捕食技能和聪明才智，作者通过观察研究，表达了对自然奇迹的赞叹及不断探索学习的愿望。 1．句意：有这么多具有特殊能力的物种，它们总能让我们感到惊讶。 根据“amazing plants and animals”和“special abilities”，可知这些生物总是让人感到惊奇。“never fail to surprise”意为“总是让人惊讶”，符合语境。 2．句意：当我看到它从两米外击中一只苍蝇时，我感到很惊讶！ 根据前文“unique hunting skill”及后文对鱼能力的描述，可以推断作者看到这一幕应该会感到惊奇，amazed符合。 3．句意：我决定做一些研究来了解更多关于这种迷人生物的信息。 根据“decided to do some research”可知，作者决定做研究，说明作者对这个生物很感兴趣，认为它是迷人的，fascinating符合。 4．句意：当它看到叶子或树枝上的昆虫时，它把水吸进嘴里并向猎物喷射水流。 根据“into its mouth”及射水鱼捕食机制，可知它需要先将水摄入嘴里。“draws water into”是常用搭配，表示“把水吸入……”符合逻辑。 5．句意：鱼可以根据昆虫的距离改变水的力量和角度。 根据“based on the distance of the insect”可知，距离不同，力量和角度也需要随之调整变化，change符合。 6．句意：这意味着它可以非常准确地击中近处或远处的目标。 根据后文“hit the insect perfectly”，可知此处强调的是击中的精准度，accuracy表示“准确度”符合语境。 7．句意：跳出水面捕捉昆虫是困难的，所以鱼发展出了喷水的能力。 根据“so the fish developed the ability to shoot water instead”可知，说明原来的方式“跳出水面”不够好或很难实现，difficult符合。 8．句意：这使得捕猎对它们来说更加成功。 进化的目的是为了更好地生存和获取食物，喷水能力提高了捕猎的成功率，successful符合。 9．句意：我还了解到射水鱼非常聪明。 根据后文“It can recognize human faces”可知，它能识别人脸，这是智力的表现，说明它很聪明，smart符合。 10．句意：……大多数鱼大脑简单，不以记忆力闻名。 根据前文“remember and pick out a specific face”，可知此处讨论的是记忆力，memory符合。 11．句意：我甚至试图通过把昆虫移到不同的地方来戏弄它，但它仍然击中了目标。 根据“moving an insect to a different spot”可知，把昆虫移到不同地方是为了测试鱼是否会失误，这是一种试图“戏弄”或考验它的行为，trick符合。 12．句意：……它已经学会了识别喂养它的工作人员。 根据“recognize the staff”，能识别工作人员及鱼在水族馆待了三年，可知这是后天习得的能力，learned符合。 13．句意：亲眼看到射水鱼让我意识到大自然是多么神奇。 根据文章开头“amazing plants and animals”及全文对鱼能力的描述，作者感叹大自然的神奇，amazing符合。 14．句意：也许有一天我能在东南亚的自然栖息地看到射水鱼。 根据前文“in a local aquarium”可知，是在当地水族馆，即人工环境，此处希望去东南亚看野生的，即“自然”栖息地，natural符合。 15．句意：它也提醒我要永远对世界保持好奇，永远不要停止学习。 根据“be curious about the world”及作者希望“learn more”，可知此处指不要停止学习，learning符合。 “Aim for the moon and even if you miss, you will land among the stars” is a common saying. It shows that we shouldn’t be afraid to fail and should try to be 1 . In this way, we can stay in a 2 place than where we start, even if we fail. Many great people in the world love fighting for excellence. One of them is the famous biologist—Tong Dizhou, the father of China’s clone (克隆). Tong came from a poor family in Zhejiang Province and didn’t go to high school until 17. So he became the oldest student in the class. What was worse, he faced the 3 of dropping out due to his poor academic performance. 4 , he didn’t give up. He studied hard and managed to take the lead among his classmates. 5 , he graduated with the highest grade. Tong is remembered and 6 for the outstanding achievement of cross-species (跨物种) cloning in fish. In 1963, Tong produced the world’s first cloned fish. Ten years later, Tong created the first cross-species cloned fish. In the whole process, 7 and failures didn’t prevent him. Thanks to his pioneering research, Chinese scientists developed fish-breeding skills. Now China produces more than half of the world’s aquaculture (水产养殖) harvest. Should we “aim for the moon” or 8 aim for what is easily achieved? Tong gave us a good 9 . He shows us that working towards excellence despite the failure can be a stepping stone to great success. Nowadays, many young people fear failure. They prefer to take an easier path. They 10 taking on challenges and are easily beaten by stress. Actually, fighting for excellence and not being afraid of failure can help people better themselves. 1．A．generous B．excellent C．modest D．organized 2．A．warmer B．tidier C．higher D．quieter 3．A．decision B．secret C．risk D．purpose 4．A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 5．A．In general B．As usual C．Above all D．As a result 6．A．respected B．required C．changed D．compared 7．A．celebrations B．chances C．challenges D．promotions 8．A．directly B．widely C．suddenly D．simply 9．A．speech B．answer C．excuse D．reason 10．A．avoid B．continue C．prefer D．suggest 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了童第周求学与科研的人生事迹，告诉我们做人应当志存高远、不惧失败、勇于直面挑战，坚持为理想拼搏才能收获成功。 1．句意：它告诉我们，不应害怕失败，而应努力追求卓越。 后文提到世界上许多伟人都追求卓越，呼应了前文的谚语语境，excellent“卓越的”与“追求卓越”的主题一致，符合语境。 2．句意：这样一来，即便我们失败了，所处的位置也会比起点更高。 文章开头的谚语表达的是即使失败，也比原地踏步更好，higher“更高的”最贴合语境，体现进步的含义。 3．句意：更糟糕的是，他因学业成绩不佳，面临着辍学的风险。 固定搭配face the risk of意为“面临……的风险”，符合“成绩差可能导致辍学”的语境。 4．句意：然而，他并没有放弃。 前文提到他面临辍学的风险，后文说他没有放弃，前后是转折关系，However“然而”符合逻辑。 5．句意：结果，他以全班最高分的成绩毕业。 前文提到他努力学习、在同学中领先，后文是他以最高成绩毕业的结果，As a result“结果”用于引出结果，符合语境。 6．句意：童因在鱼类跨物种克隆领域的杰出成就而被人们铭记和尊敬。 根据常识，童第周的科研成就让他受到人们的尊敬，respected“尊敬的”符合语境。 7．句意：在整个过程中，挑战与失败都没能阻止他。 后文提到“失败”，与失败并列的应该是科研过程中遇到的困难，challenges“挑战”符合语境。 8．句意：我们应该“志存高远”，还是仅仅追求容易实现的目标？ 此处是对比两种选择：志存高远还是只追求简单目标，simply“仅仅”符合语境，表达“只追求简单目标”的含义。 9．句意：童给了我们一个很好的答案。 前文提出了一个问题“应该志存高远还是只追求简单目标”，童第周的经历就是对这个问题的回答，answer“答案”符合语境。 10．句意：他们逃避挑战，很容易被压力打败。 前文提到许多年轻人害怕失败，更喜欢走更容易的路，因此他们会逃避挑战，avoid“逃避”符合语境。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $