精品解析：天津市河西区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查三英语试题

河西区 2025-2026 学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量 英语笔试 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共 130 分，考试用时 100 分第I卷 1 至 10 页，第II卷 11 至 12 页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第 I 卷 注意事项: 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共 55 小题, 共 95 分。 第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节:单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 从 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — I’m thinking of dropping the physics course. It’s too difficult. — ________. It’s a required course for your major. A. You can’t be serious B. It’s up to you C. I couldn’t agree more D. It’s just a piece of cake 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我正在考虑放弃物理课。它太难了。——你不是认真的吧。这是你专业的必修课。A. You can’t be serious你不是认真的吧；B. It’s up to you由你决定；C. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意；D. It’s just a piece of cake小菜一碟。根据答语后半句“这是你专业的必修课”可知，说话人认为对方不能放弃这门课，对对方放弃课程的想法感到惊讶与不赞同。 2. I really appreciate ________ when my deskmate shares his effective learning methods with me, as it helps me make steady progress in my study. A. one B. that C. it D. this 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我的同桌和我分享他有效的学习方法时，我真的很感激，因为这帮助我在学习上取得稳步进步。表示心理状态的动词appreciate后接when引导的从句时，通常需要用it作形式宾语，构成“appreciate it when从句”的固定句型，此处it指代后面when引导的从句的内容。 3. The couple decided to adopt the stray dog________ it had some health problems and would require extra care. A. in case B. now that C. as if D. even though 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这对夫妇决定收养这只流浪狗，尽管它有一些健康问题并且需要额外的照顾。A. in case以防万一；B. now that既然；C. as if仿佛； D. even though尽管。前半句“夫妇决定收养流浪狗”与后半句“它有健康问题需要额外照顾”之间存在让步关系，用even though引导让步状语从句。 4. You ________ bother to bring a gift. Your presence at the party is the best present for us. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你不必费心带礼物。你出席派对就是给我们最好的礼物。A. couldn’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；D. wouldn’t不会。 根据题意，后半句提到“你出席派对就是给我们最好的礼物”，说明不需要带礼物，空格处意为“不必”。 5. ________ the challenging task ahead of schedule, the team went out to celebrate with a big dinner. A. Finishing B. Finished C. Having finished D. To finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：提前完成了这项具有挑战性的任务，团队出去吃了一顿大餐庆祝。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词went out，且没有连词，故空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语the team与动词finish之间是主动关系，且finish这一动作明确发生在谓语动词went out之前，因此应用现在分词的完成式having done作状语。 6. The manager promised to________ the complaint from the customer and give a reply within 24 hours. A. look into B. take in C. put up with D. make use of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理承诺调查顾客的投诉，并在24小时内给予答复。A. look into调查；B. take in吸收；C. put up with忍受；D. make use of利用。根据give a reply within 24 hours可知，此处为动词短语look into“调查”，符合语境。 7. It was the first time that the disabled athlete ________ the finish line independently, and his perseverance inspired everyone present. A. was crossing B. would cross C. has crossed D. had crossed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是这位残疾运动员第一次独立跨过终点线，他的毅力鼓舞了在场的每一个人。在固定句型It is/was the first/second... time that...中，当主句谓语动词为is时，that引导的从句谓语动词需用现在完成时；当主句谓语动词为was时，that引导的从句谓语动词需用过去完成时。本题主句谓语动词为was，所以从句应用过去完成时had done。 8. The new policy _________that employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance. A. states B. predicts C. warns D. recommends 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：新政策规定，员工每年必须至少休五天连续假，以确保工作与生活的平衡。A. states规定；B. predicts预测；C. warns警告；D. recommends建议。根据employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance可知，此处是新政策规定的具体内容。 9. We have reached a critical stage in the negotiation ________ both sides must be willing to compromise if they want to reach an agreement. A. which B. that C. where D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们在谈判中已经到了一个关键阶段，如果双方想达成协议，就必须愿意妥协。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stage，从句both sides must be willing to compromise主谓结构完整，不缺主语和宾语，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，因此需要填入关系副词where在从句中作状语。 10. — I find the abstract painting quite inspiring and full of imagination. — Really? To me, it’s just a mess of colors and shapes. — Well, ________. We just have different tastes. A. one man’s meat is another man’s poison B. loose lips sink ships C. Rome wasn’t built in a day D. great minds think alike 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我觉得这幅抽象画很鼓舞人心，充满了想象力。——真的吗？对我来说，它只是一堆颜色和形状的混合。——好吧，萝卜青菜，各有所爱。我们只是品味不同罢了。 A. one man’s meat is another man’s poison萝卜青菜，各有所爱；B. loose lips sink ships祸从口出； C. Rome wasn’t built in a day罗马不是一天建成的； D. great minds think alike英雄所见略同。根据题意，两个人对这一幅画有不同的评价，应用“萝卜青菜，各有所爱”。 11. The students’ creative performance at the art festival ________ the high expectations of their teachers and parents. A. lived up to B. looked forward to C. came up with D. put up with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：学生们在艺术节上的创造性表演没有辜负老师和家长们的高期望。A. live up to不辜负，达到； B. look forward to期待，盼望； C. come up with提出，想出； D. put up with忍受，容忍。根据上文“The students’ creative performance”可知，孩子们的表演具有创造性，应该是很棒的，因此是没有辜负老师和父母的期盼。 12. ________ you have been wholeheartedly committed to will surely come true if you stick to your goal. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你坚持你的目标，你全心全意致力于的事情一定会实现。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。 13. The organization is________ seeking volunteers to help with the upcoming charity marathon. A. accidentally B. occasionally C. currently D. temporarily 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：该组织目前正在寻找志愿者来协助即将到来的慈善马拉松。A. accidentally偶然地；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. currently目前；D. temporarily暂时地。根据句意可知，此处为副词currently“目前”作状语，符合语境。 14. More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A. have been B. has been C. are D. is 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们班不止一名学生被选中参加国际交流项目。根据句中的时间状语so far可知，句子应使用现在完成时。“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时，虽然意义上表示复数（不止一个），但谓语动词需遵循语法一致原则，使用单数形式。因此，助动词应用has。 15. With the final exam approaching, the students found their daily routine completely ________ by revision schedules. A. dominating B. to dominate C. dominated D. dominates 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：随着期末考试的临近，学生们发现他们的日常生活完全被复习计划所支配。句中使用了“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语their daily routine与动词dominate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且空后有by提示，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。 第二节:完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The old clock tower in the town square had been silent for decades. To most residents, it was merely a(n) ___16___ relic (遗迹) of a bygone era, an eyesore blocking the modern view of the square. But to Elara, a retired watchmaker, it was a sleeping giant waiting to be ___17___ . Since her retirement, Elara had passed the tower daily, her heart ___18___ at the stillness of the clock hands. One evening, she decided she could no longer be a(n) ___19___ observer. She approached the town council with a proposal: she would repair the clock ___20___ , requesting only the cost of materials. The council was ___21___ , yet skeptical. The tower was dangerous, and the machinery was complex. However, Elara’s reputation for ___22___ in her craft eventually won them over. Armed with a toolbox and a stepladder, Elara began the ___23___ work. The interior was covered in thick dust and spider webs. The main gear system had ___24___ , and several critical parts were missing. It wasn’t simply a matter of cleaning; it required ___25___ and innovation. For weeks, Elara spent her days in the tower. She carefully ___26___ the rust from the gears, fashioning new parts from scrap metal when originals couldn’t be found. The work was ___27___ on her aging back, but her spirit remained unbroken. As news of her project spread, something ___28___ happened. Local teenagers, once indifferent to the tower, began to stop and watch her work. They brought her water and held the ladder ___29___ . What started as a one-woman mission transformed into a community ___30___ . Donations of tools and money began to ___31___ in from neighbors who were inspired by her dedication. Finally, on the eve of the town’s centennial celebration, the ___32___ moment arrived. Elara, with trembling hands, gave the final gear a gentle push. A rhythmic tick-tock echoed through the tower, growing louder until the great bell ___33___ the hour for the first time in fifty years. The sound resonated (回荡) across the square, drawing cheers and applause from the crowd below. Looking down at the ___34___ faces, Elara realized she hadn’t just repaired a machine. She had ___35___ a community’s sense of time and belonging. 16. A. fascinating B. forgotten C. precious D. mysterious 17. A. protected B. removed C. awakened D. replaced 18. A. sinking B. racing C. twisting D. beating 19. A. casual B. innocent C. amateur D. passive 20. A. immediately B. voluntarily C. reluctantly D. secretly 21. A. surprised B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 22. A. patience B. wisdom C. excellence D. bravery 23. A. risky B. messy C. delicate D. pointless 24. A. fallen off B. worn out C. broken out D. backed up 25. A. strength B. courage C. luck D. precision 26. A. removed B. washed C. hid D. detected 27. A. light B. stressful C. hard D. dependent 28. A. interesting B. miraculous C. humorous D. awkward 29. A. steadily B. loosely C. hurriedly D. clumsily 30. A. gathering B. blessing C. effort D. festival 31. A. bring B. pour C. check D. break 32. A. anxious B. decisive C. quiet D. historic 33. A. struck B. rang C. beat D. announced 34. A. puzzled B. anxious C. joyful D. familiar 35. A. shaped B. recorded C. restored D. discovered 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了退休钟表匠Elara主动修复镇上废弃钟楼的故事，说明一个人的坚持能唤醒社区凝聚力，修复的不仅是机器更是人们的归属感与时间记忆。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于大多数居民来说，这只是一个被遗忘的旧时代遗迹，一个阻碍广场现代景观的眼中钉。A. fascinating迷人的；B. forgotten被遗忘的；C. precious珍贵的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据上文“The old clock tower in the town square had been silent for decades.”和下文“an eyesore blocking the modern view of the square.”可知，钟楼多年无声且被视为碍眼之物，说明已经被遗忘。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：但对退休钟表匠Elara来说，这是一个等待被唤醒的沉睡巨人。A. protected保护；B. removed移除；C. awakened唤醒；D. replaced替换。根据上文“it was a sleeping giant waiting to be”可知，沉睡的巨人需要被唤醒，awakened与sleeping构成对比。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：退休后，Elara每天都会经过这座塔，她的心在时钟的寂静中沉了下去。A. sinking下沉；B. racing飞奔；C. twisting扭曲；D. beating跳动。根据上文“at the stillness of the clock hands.”以及语境可知，Elara是钟表匠，时钟的指针静止会让她心情沉重，heart sinking表示心下沉。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一天晚上，她决定不再是一个被动的观察者。A. casual随意的；B. innocent无辜的；C. amateur业余的；D. passive被动的。根据下文“She approached the town council with a proposal: she would repair the clock ____, requesting only the cost of materials.”可知，她从旁观转为主动行动，说明之前是被动的观察者。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：她向镇议会提出了一个建议：她将自愿修理时钟，只要求材料费用。A. immediately立刻；B. voluntarily自愿地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“requesting only the cost of materials.”可知，她不求报酬，只要求材料费用就可以，所以此处表示她是自愿去修理时钟的。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：议会很惊讶，但也持怀疑态度。A. surprised惊讶的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“She approached the town council with a proposal: she would repair the clock ____, requesting only the cost of materials.”可知，她主动提出去修理时钟，且不求报酬，所以此处表示议会对她的提议感到惊讶。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，Elara在工艺上的卓越声誉最终赢得了他们的认可。A. patience耐心；B. wisdom智慧；C. excellence卓越；D. bravery勇敢。根据下文“eventually won them over. Armed with a toolbox and a stepladder, Elara began the ____ work.”以及语境可知，她的专业能力让议会信服，赢得了议会的认可。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Elara带着工具箱和活梯开始了这项精细的工作。A. risky有风险的；B. messy凌乱的；C. delicate精细的；D. pointless无意义的。根据上文“The tower was dangerous, and the machinery was complex.”和下文“The main gear system had ____, and several critical parts were missing. It wasn’t simply a matter of cleaning; it required ____ and innovation.”可知，机器很复杂，修理是复杂精细的工作。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：主齿轮系统已经磨损，几个关键部件丢失了。A. fallen off脱落；B. worn out磨损；C. broken out爆发；D. backed up堵塞。根据上文“The interior was covered in thick dust and spider webs.”可知，时钟布满灰尘，设备已经严重磨损。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：这不仅仅是一个清洁的问题；它需要精确和创新。A. strength力量；B. courage勇气；C. luck运气；D. precision精准。根据下文“She carefully ____ the rust from the gears, fashioning new parts from scrap metal when originals couldn’t be found.”以及常识可知，修理时钟这种精密机械需要精准操作。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：她仔细地清除齿轮上的铁锈。A. removed清除；B. washed清洗；C. hid隐藏；D. detected检测。根据下文“the rust from the gears,”以及语境可知，她修理时钟时，需要先清除铁锈，再制作新零件。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这项工作对她日渐衰老的背部来说很辛苦，但她的精神未被打碎。A. light轻的；B. stressful有压力的；C. hard艰苦的；D. dependent依赖的。根据上文“For weeks, Elara spent her days in the tower.”以及下文“on her aging back”可知，工作对日渐衰老的背部来说是辛苦的，hard与spirit unbroken构成让步转折。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着她项目的消息传开，一些奇妙的事情发生了。A. interesting有趣的；B. miraculous奇妙的；C. humorous幽默的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“Local teenagers, once indifferent to the tower, began to stop and watch her work. They brought her water and held the ladder ____.”可知，原本漠不关心的人开始参与，这是令人惊奇的变化。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：他们给她送水，稳稳地扶着梯子。A. steadily稳稳地；B. loosely松散地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. clumsily笨拙地。根据上文“They brought her water and held the ladder”可知，他们是在帮忙，应是稳稳地扶住梯子以确保安全。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：最初由一名女性执行的任务转变为社区努力。A. gathering聚会；B. blessing祝福；C. effort努力；D. festival节日。根据上文“Local teenagers, once indifferent to the tower, began to stop and watch her work. They brought her water and held the ladder ____.”可知，当地人们也一起努力，所以此处表示从个人行动变成了集体努力。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：工具和金钱的捐赠开始从邻居那里涌来。A. bring带来；B. pour涌入；C. check检查；D. break打破。根据下文“from neighbors who were inspired by her dedication.”可知，此处描述人们捐赠工具和金钱，捐赠大量涌来，pour in表示涌入。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最后，在该镇百年庆典前夕，历史性时刻到来了。A. anxious焦虑的；B. decisive决定性的；C. quiet安静的；D. historic历史性的。根据下文“A rhythmic tick-tock echoed through the tower, growing louder until the great bell ____ the hour for the first time in fifty years.”以及语境可知，镇上百年庆典前夕，这一刻具有历史意义。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：一声有节奏的滴答声在塔内回荡，声音越来越大，直到大钟五十年来第一次敲响。A. struck敲击；B. rang鸣响；C. beat敲击；D. announced宣布。根据下文“The sound resonated (回荡) across the square, drawing cheers and applause from the crowd below.”可知，此处表示钟声响起，struck the hour是固定搭配，表示敲钟报时。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：低头看着快乐的脸，Elara意识到她不仅仅是修理了一台机器。A. puzzled困惑的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. joyful欢乐的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“The sound resonated (回荡) across the square, drawing cheers and applause from the crowd below.”可知，人群欢呼鼓掌，说明面孔是欢乐的。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：她恢复了一个社区的时间感和归属感。A. shaped塑造；B. recorded记录；C. restored恢复；D. discovered发现。根据上文“Elara realized she hadn’t just repaired a machine.”和下文“a community’s sense of time and belonging”可知，她修复的不只是机器，更是恢复了社区的归属感，restored与repaired呼应。 第二部分:阅读理解(共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The University of Waikato will provide you with the foundational knowledge and experience you need to achieve your career and life goals. With our focus on academic excellence and innovation, you will become part of a group known for making a big difference in the world around them. Join our warm and welcoming community of students from all over New Zealand and the globe. Campus The University of Waikato has two unique campuses: Each campus has high-quality facilities and services that students will have access to during their studies Hamilton campus enjoys the vibrant (有活力的) student atmosphere, offering a range of cafes, on-campus accommodation, and learning facilities. Tauranga campus in the heart of the CBD adds to the current range of qualifications and combines beautiful beaches, a relaxed lifestyle, and world-class university study. Accessibility Services Our Accessibility Services are on-site to help impaired (有缺陷的) students such as, but not limited to: sensory impairment, physical impairment, specific learning disability, mental health and temporary impairment. They offer a range of services to students such as note-taking support, assistive technology, alternative exam arrangements, sign-language interpreters, mobility parking permits, specialist equipment and more. Employability Plus Award Join the Employability Plus Award! It is a great way to engage and connect with dozens of local non-profit organizations, adds value to your CV (个人简历), and is a fun student community to belong to. Enhance your student experience! Boost your employability status! Engage with like-minded people! You will get recognition for community volunteering, supporting university events and attending workshops whilst you are studying. You will gain work-ready skills that will assist you in standing out to prospective employers. Student Centre The Student Centre is located at the heart of our Hamilton Campus and will be your choice for study and enrollment help, books, computers and printing and group study rooms. It is a great place to study, with lots of power points to plug in your computer and help on offer. The Student Centre team will also print and set up your Student ID card when you first arrive on campus. Within the Student Centre, you will find a range of services to help you throughout your time at university, from enrollment to graduation. 36. What do we know about the campus of the University of Waikato? A. Tauranga campus can offer free accommodation to the students. B. Only students on the Hamilton campus have access to advanced facilities. C. The location of Tauranga campus allows it to combine study with coastal lifestyle. D. Both campuses combine beautiful beaches and vibrant atmosphere. 37. A student with mental health problem in the university can_____. A. receive necessary treatment they need B. own assistive technology on the campus C. be allowed flexibly arranged exams D. serve as a sign-language interpreter 38. You can benefit a lot by joining the Employability Plus Award except_____. A. improving your student experience B. getting a paid job in the local non-profit organizations C. bettering your qualification for employment D. impressing your future employers 39. What can students do at the Student Centre? A. They can complete their entire enrollment process there. B. They are allowed to print PowerPoints online. C. They can get their student ID card repaired. D. They may get together in group study rooms. 40. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from? A. A student guide. B. A travel book. C. A university newspaper. D. An education magazine. 【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了怀卡托大学的办学优势、两大校区特色、无障碍服务、就业提升项目以及学生服务中心的各项功能。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Campus部分“Tauranga campus in the heart of the CBD adds to the current range of qualifications and combines beautiful beaches, a relaxed lifestyle, and world-class university study.(陶朗加校区位于中央商务区中心，丰富了现有的学历课程，并结合了美丽的海滩、轻松的生活方式与世界级的大学学习)”可知，陶朗加校区能让学习与生活完美结合。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Accessibility Services部分“Our Accessibility Services are on-site to help impaired (有缺陷的) students such as, but not limited to: sensory impairment, physical impairment, specific learning disability, mental health and temporary impairment. They offer a range of services to students such as note-taking support, assistive technology, alternative exam arrangements, sign-language interpreters, mobility parking permits, specialist equipment and more. (我们的无障碍服务现场为有缺陷的学生提供帮助，包括但不限于：感官缺陷、身体缺陷、特定学习障碍、心理健康问题及暂时性损伤。他们为学生提供一系列服务，如记笔记支持、辅助技术、替代考试安排、手语翻译、残障人士停车许可证、专业设备等)”可知，有心理健康问题的学生可获得灵活的考试安排。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Employability Plus Award部分“It is a great way to engage and connect with dozens of local non-profit organizations, adds value to your CV (个人简历), and is a fun student community to belong to. (这是与数十家当地非营利组织建立联系的好方法，能为你的简历增值，也是一个有趣的学生社群)”及“You will get recognition for community volunteering, supporting university events and attending workshops whilst you are studying.(在学习期间，你将因社区志愿服务、支持大学活动和参加研讨会而获得认可)”可知，加入该计划可以改善学生体验、提高就业资格、给未来的雇主留下深刻印象，但不会直接让你在非营利组织获得带薪工作。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Student Centre部分“The Student Centre is located at the heart of our Hamilton Campus and will be your choice for study and enrollment help, books, computers and printing and group study rooms. (学生中心位于汉密尔顿校区的中心，是你学习和入学帮助、书籍、电脑、打印和小组学习室的选择)”可知，学生可在小组自习室开展集体学习。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。文章全面介绍了怀卡托大学的校园设施、学生支持服务、课外活动及入学指南，旨在帮助新生了解学校资源，属于典型的新生指导手册内容。 B After receiving tenure (终身职位) in 2022 I considered taking a vacation. But I had 15 people in my lab, a partner who is also in academia with his own lab, and two children in elementary school. I felt I could not step away for a year. Then I connected with researchers in Uruguay seeking a collaborator experienced in my area, and I got a short-term Fulbright fellowship to explore the opportunity. I pictured my 3-month stay as an intense period of lab work, data collection and scientific discoveries. The 5-hour time difference would leave me with enough hours to catch up with my lab and family back home. When I arrived, I was dispirited to learn that the shuttle to the institute ran on a schedule that limited our work hours to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Mornings started with shared mate and conversations about our weekends or evenings, followed later by an extended lunch break that was sacred. I felt impatient. Yet my research progressed steadily. Outside of work, another kind of progress was unfolding. I was still working long hours because of my responsibilities as a lab head, graduate program director, and National Institutes of Health study section member, but the built-in breaks-which often included an evening snack-made all the difference. I still got my work done, and the slower rhythm also left space for deeper thinking, both in my experiments and in my life. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than urgency, and of leaving room for the parts of life that can’t be scheduled. A calmness set in. I found myself laughing more, sleeping better, and enjoying the life I have worked hard to build. Midway through my fellowship my family arrived for an extended visit, and I took 3 weeks off for a once-in-a-lifetime journey; We wandered through busy neighborhoods framed by the Andes, and felt the thunder of waterfalls soaking us in mist. I began to notice small things: my daughter’s fascination with seashells, my son’s growing ease with strangers and his first words of Spanish. When my fellowship ended 8 months ago, I returned with more than a set of data. I came back with a readjusted sense of how I want to live and work. I block my calendar so that no one can schedule a meeting during my off hour. I’ve built small rituals into my routine-a morning walk, a break away from the screen... These modest changes have reshaped the texture of my days. I find myself more focused in the lab, more patient with my students, and more present with my family. Productivity, I’ve come to see, is not measured only by research papers and grants. It is also sustained by presence, rest, and the relationships that give meaning to the work. 41. The author’s life can be described as ________ before she went to Uruguay. A. an escape from family duties B. frequently on the run C. a fat race with her partner D. in pursuit of fellowship 42. How did the author initially feel after learning the work schedule in Uruguay? A. disappointed and anxious. B. duty-bound but calm. C. homesick but fulfilling. D. relieved and anticipatory. 43. The modest changes mentioned by the author might include ________. A. becoming available when her lab members need to consult her B. treating conversations about leisure as a religiously sacred ritual C. replacing a long lunch break with deep thinking over a snack D. reserving weekends for her family instead of unfinished work 44. What factor initially caused the author’s impatience but eventually contributed to her mindset shift? A. The 5-hour time difference with her home country. B. Her heavy academic responsibilities and long work hours. C. The restricted work hours and built-in breaks. D. The extended visit from her family midway through the fellowship. 45. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. To work or not to work B. Approach to work-life balance C. An unexpected journey D. Success isn’t measured by science 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者前往乌拉圭进行学术交流期间，因工作节奏变化而重新调整生活和工作方式的经历。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“After receiving tenure (终身职位) in 2022 I considered taking a vacation. But I had 15 people in my lab, a partner who is also in academia with his own lab, and two children in elementary school. I felt I could not step away for a year. Then I connected with researchers in Uruguay seeking a collaborator experienced in my area, and I got a short-term Fulbright fellowship to explore the opportunity. (2022年获得终身教职后，我曾考虑休假。但我实验室里有15个人，我的伴侣也在学术界，有自己的实验室，还有两个正在上小学的孩子。我觉得自己无法离开一整年。后来，我与乌拉圭的研究人员取得了联系，他们正在寻找一位在我所在领域有经验的合作者，我获得了富布赖特短期奖学金来探索这个机会)”可知，作者在去乌拉圭之前生活节奏非常忙碌，经常奔波于各种事务之间。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I arrived, I was dispirited to learn that the shuttle to the institute ran on a schedule that limited our work hours to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Mornings started with shared mate and conversations about our weekends or evenings, followed later by an extended lunch break that was sacred. I felt impatient. (当我到达时，我沮丧地得知，开往研究所的班车时刻表将我们的工作时间限制在上午8点到下午3点30分。早晨以共享马黛茶以及闲聊周末或晚间趣事开始，随后是神圣不可侵犯的午休时间。我感到很不耐烦)”可知，作者最初感到失望和焦虑。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I came back with a readjusted sense of how I want to live and work. I block my calendar so that no one can schedule a meeting during my off hour. I’ve built small rituals into my routine-a morning walk, a break away from the screen... These modest changes have reshaped the texture of my days. I find myself more focused in the lab, more patient with my students, and more present with my family.  (我回来时，对自己想如何生活和工作有了重新调整的认知。我标记了自己的日程表，这样就没有人能在我的休息时间安排会议。我在日常事务中建立了一些小小的仪式——早晨散步、远离屏幕的休息时光……这些细微的改变重塑了我每一天的质感。我发现自己做实验时更专注了，对学生更有耐心了，对家人也更能全身心投入了)”可知，这些改变让作者更能对家人全身心投入，由此推知，其中可能包括把周末留给家人而不是未完成的工作。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中作者对受限的工作时间和内置休息感到不耐烦和第三段中“Yet my research progressed steadily. Outside of work, another kind of progress was unfolding. I was still working long hours because of my responsibilities as a lab head, graduate program director, and National Institutes of Health study section member, but the built-in breaks-which often included an evening snack-made all the difference. I still got my work done, and the slower rhythm also left space for deeper thinking, both in my experiments and in my life. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than urgency, and of leaving room for the parts of life that can’t be scheduled. (然而，我的研究进展稳定。在工作之外，另一种变化正在悄然发生。由于我身兼实验室负责人、研究生项目主任和美国国立卫生研究院立项评审组成员，我的工作时间依然很长，但那些固定的休息时间——通常还包括一顿夜宵——起到了至关重要的作用。我依然完成了工作，而较慢的节奏也为更深入的思考留出了空间，无论是对于我的实验还是我的生活。我逐渐领悟到，有目标地工作而非紧迫地工作，以及为生活中那些无法预先安排的部分留出余地，是多么有价值)”可知，最初导致作者不耐烦但最终促成她心态转变的因素是受限的工作时间和固定的休息时间。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“I pictured my 3-month stay as an intense period of lab work, data collection and scientific discoveries. (我曾设想我的三个月停留是一段紧张的实验室工作、数据收集和科学发现的时期)”、第二段“I felt impatient. (我感到很不耐烦)”、第三段“but the built-in breaks-which often included an evening snack-made all the difference. I still got my work done, and the slower rhythm also left space for deeper thinking, both in my experiments and in my life. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than urgency, and of leaving room for the parts of life that can’t be scheduled. (但那些固定的休息时间——通常还包括一顿夜宵——起到了至关重要的作用。我依然完成了工作，而较慢的节奏也为更深入的思考留出了空间，无论是对于我的实验还是我的生活。我逐渐领悟到，有目标地工作而非紧迫地工作，以及为生活中那些无法预先安排的部分留出余地，是多么有价值)”和最后一段“I returned with more than a set of data. I came back with a readjusted sense of how I want to live and work. (我回来时带回来的不只是一组数据。我带回了一种重新调整的关于我想要如何生活和工作意识)”可知，作者原本计划在乌拉圭进行紧张的实验室工作，但当地的工作节奏和休息安排让她意外地重新调整了生活和工作方式，学到了更深的人生道理。因此，这次旅程是一次意想不到的收获之旅。C项“An unexpected journey”能概括文章内容，是最佳标题。 C For centuries, plants have been considered passive organisms, silently enduring their environment. However, recent research is revealing a world of hidden activity Plants, it seems, are not only aware of their surroundings but are also communicating with each other in sophisticated ways, creating what scientists are beginning to call a “wood wide web”. The primary medium for this communication is a vast, underground network of mycorrhizal fungi (菌根真菌). These fungi form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with plant roots, exchanging nutrients for sugars. But they do more than just trade; they act as information superhighways. When a plant is attacked by pests, it releases chemical signals into its roots. These signals are picked up by the fungi and transmitted to neighboring plants, which then preemptively (先发制人地) boost their own chemical defenses. This early warning system allows an entire community of plants to prepare for an imminent threat. Beyond defense, this network facilitates cooperation. Studies have shown that older, larger “mother trees” can recognize and favor their own seedlings (幼苗) through the fungal network, sending them extra nutrients to help them grow in the shaded understory (林下叶层). This challenges the long-held Darwinian view of plants engaged solely in a merciless competition for light and resources, suggesting a level of kin (亲缘的) recognition and altruism (利他主义) previously thought impossible in the plant kingdom. The implications are profound. This discovery forces us to reconsider the very definition of intelligence and communication. Plants lack a central nervous system, yet they exhibit complex behaviors: sensing, learning, remembering, and problem-solving. They can distinguish between self and non-self, kin and stranger. Some researchers argue that the fungal network itself functions as a kind of distributed intelligence for the forest. Understanding this “plant intelligence” could revolutionize fields from agriculture to ecology. Instead of viewing crops as isolated individuals, we might learn to foster their natural communication networks to enhance resilience without pesticides. The silent, green world around us is humming with conversations we are only just beginning to decode. 46. What is the main function of the “wood wide web” mentioned in the passage? A. To mainly serve as a system for exchanging nutrients and water. B. To coordinate collective defense behaviors among plants. C. To act as a communication network among plants. D. To provide physical support for seedlings. 47. According to paragraph 2, how do plants primarily use the fungal network when threatened? A. By sending warning signals to neighboring plants. B. By physically moving their roots away from danger. C. By attracting beneficial insects to kill the pests. D. By absorbing defensive chemicals from the fungi. 48. The example of “mother trees” helping their seedlings is used to illustrate that plants can_____. A. engage in merciless competition B. display parental care and cooperation C. live independently without external help D. change their growth pattern according to light 49. What is the significant challenge posed by the discovery of plant communication? A. It proves Darwin’s theory of evolution is wrong. B. It suggests fungi are more intelligent than plants. C. It may redefine concepts like the survival rules of plants. D. It indicates all plant behaviors are controlled by fungi. 50. What is a potential application of this research, as suggested in the last paragraph? A. Creating new species of plants through genetic engineering. B. Developing stronger pesticides to protect individual plants. C. Using fungi to replace traditional fertilizers entirely. D. Improving crop health by enhancing their natural networks. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了植物并非被动生存，而是借助地下菌根真菌网络进行交流、防御与互助，挑战了传统的竞争观念，并展望了其在农业等领域的应用前景。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Plants, it seems, are not only aware of their surroundings but are also communicating with each other in sophisticated ways, creating what scientists are beginning to call a “wood wide web”. (植物似乎不仅能感知周围的环境，还能以复杂的方式相互交流，创造出科学家们开始称之为“木维网”的东西)”可知，其主要功能是作为植物间的通信网络。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When a plant is attacked by pests, it releases chemical signals into its roots. These signals are picked up by the fungi and transmitted to neighboring plants, which then preemptively (先发制人地) boost their own chemical defenses. (当植物遭受害虫攻击时，它会向根部释放化学信号。这些信号被真菌接收并传递给邻近的植物，后者随后先发制人地增强自身的化学防御)”可知，植物在受威胁时通过真菌网络发送预警信号。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Studies have shown that older, larger “mother trees” can recognize and favor their own seedlings (幼苗) through the fungal network, sending them extra nutrients to help them grow in the shaded understory (林下叶层). This challenges the long-held Darwinian view of plants engaged solely in a merciless competition for light and resources, suggesting a level of kin (亲缘的) recognition and altruism (利他主义) previously thought impossible in the plant kingdom. (研究表明，年长、高大的“母树”可以通过真菌网络识别和偏爱自己的幼苗，为它们提供额外的营养，帮助它们在阴凉的林下层生长。这挑战了达尔文长期以来认为植物只对光和资源进行无情竞争的观点，表明存在一种此前被认为在植物界不可能存在的亲缘识别和利他主义水平)”可知，该例子说明植物能展示亲代关怀与合作。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“This challenges the long-held Darwinian view of plants engaged solely in a merciless competition for light and resources, suggesting a level of kin (亲缘的) recognition and altruism (利他主义) previously thought impossible in the plant kingdom. (这挑战了达尔文长期以来认为植物只对光和资源进行无情竞争的观点，表明存在一种此前被认为在植物界不可能存在的亲缘识别和利他主义水平)”以及第四段“This discovery forces us to reconsider the very definition of intelligence and communication. (这一发现迫使我们重新思考智力和交流的定义)”可知，这一发现可能重新定义植物的生存法则概念。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead of viewing crops as isolated individuals, we might learn to foster their natural communication networks to enhance resilience without pesticides. (我们或许可以不再将作物视为孤立的个体，而是学会培育它们的自然通信网络，以便在不使用杀虫剂的情况下增强抗逆性)”可知，研究的潜在应用是通过增强作物的自然网络来改善其健康。 D Nearly 2 million years ago, one of our ancestors developed bone cancer in their foot. The fate of this individual is unknown, but the fossilised remains leave no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time. But these cancer cells weren’t the only internal threat our ancestors faced. Their survival was also threatened by individuals attempting to undermine the group. At the heart of the story is this question: is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative? The answer has profound implications for how we aim to structure society. If we are born altruists, then institutions are unnecessary. But if selfishness dominates, strong control is essential. In the language of evolutionary biology, we have a cooperation dilemma: there are situations where it is in our interest to work with others, and there are situations where it is not. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call “invisible rivalry” — the ability to hide selfish, competitive intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative nature. In other words, we evolved to compete in a cooperative world. This is where the analogy (类比) with cancer arises. Humanity’s long history of living with the disease means we have evolved biological mechanisms to reduce the risk it poses. Many reactions at the cellular level evolved to help our bodies fight off cancers. It is this strong immune system that explains why, although we are frequently exposed to viruses, these often don’t lead to illness. Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximise cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system. However, just as cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems, some individuals use their intelligence to destabilize the group’s social norms for their own benefit. To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination. But this isn’t going to happen until we first recognise the problem that invisible rivalry poses. In my view, the best way is through education. We are all part of the cultural immune system. If we understand our evolutionary heritage, we will be open-eyed to the danger that: freeloaders pose to society and place our trust more clear-sightedly — much as the body’s defence system learns to recognise the agents associated with cancers to deal with them. We must work together to stay one step ahead of humanity’s opportunistic nature. Without beliefs, norms and a proper understanding of human nature, we are at the mercy of our selfish biological heritage. Evolution has made us this way but we can learn to overcome it. 51. The underlined phrase “to undermine the group” in Paragraph 1 most probably means _______. A. to strengthen the group’s unity B. to weaken or damage the group C. to expand the group’s influence D. to reorganize the group’s structure 52. What can be inferred about the cultural immune system? A. It contributes to humanity’s competitiveness. B. Human dishonesty is said to be its byproduct. C. Internal threats in society cannot escape from it. D. It can be improved through enhancing cooperation. 53. What can we learn from this passage? A. The minority’s selfishness doesn’t mean cancers for society. B. It is hard to maintain the appearance of a cooperative nature. C. We need agree on the fact that invisible rivalry brings harm. D. The stability of society lies in humanity’s opportunistic nature. 54. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. The Cure for Social Ills. B. The Mercy of Humanity. C. The Value in Institutions. D. The Root of Invisible Rivalry. 55. From the passage, it can be inferred that the stable development of human society mainly relies on _______. A. the natural disappearance of competitive desires over time B. our constant efforts to discover and control hidden selfish acts C. individuals’ willingness to give up personal interests for the group D. the complete replacement of biological laws by cultural rules 【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类进化出的“隐形竞争”——隐藏自私意图以维持合作表象，并通过“文化免疫系统”抵御其对社会的危害，强调教育与合作对维护社会稳定的重要性。 【51题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“But these cancer cells weren’t the only internal threat our ancestors faced. Their survival was also threatened by individuals attempting to undermine the group. At the heart of the story is this question: is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative? The answer has profound implications for how we aim to structure society. (但这些癌症细胞并不是我们祖先面临的唯一内部威胁。他们的生存也受到试图to undermine the group的个人的威胁。故事的核心是这个问题：人性是自私还是利他，是竞争还是合作？这个答案对我们如何构建社会有着深远的影响)”可知，后文对自私行为的描述表明，to undermine the group指的是削弱或损害群体利益。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximise cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system. (同样，隐形竞争的演变对我们的社会群体构成的威胁促使我们发展实践和制度，以最大限度地加强合作。我称之为我们的文化免疫系统)”及第四段“To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination. (为了对抗敌人，我们可以增强文化免疫系统，就像我们通过健康的生活方式和接种疫苗来增强生物免疫系统一样)”可知，文化免疫系统可通过增强合作来提升。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“If we understand our evolutionary heritage, we will be open-eyed to the danger that freeloaders pose to society and place our trust more clear-sightedly — much as the body’s defence system learns to recognise the agents associated with cancers to deal with them. (如果我们了解我们的进化遗产，我们将清醒地认识到不劳而获者对社会构成的危险，并以更清醒的眼光去付诸信任——就像身体的防御系统学会识别与癌症相关的病原体来应对它们一样)”可知，隐形竞争对社会有害，我们需要认清这一点。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, just as cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems, some individuals use their intelligence to destabilize the group’s social norms for their own benefit. To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination.(然而，正如癌症找到逃离我们免疫系统的方法一样，一些人为了自己的利益，利用他们的智力来破坏群体的社会规范。为了对抗敌人，我们可以增强文化免疫系统，就像我们如何通过健康的生活方式和疫苗接种来改善我们的生物免疫系统一样)”以及文章内容可知，文章将社会中的自私行为比作癌症，提出“文化免疫系统”的概念并介绍应对办法，核心是解决社会弊病，所以“治愈社会弊病”适合作为文章标题。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In my view, the best way is through education. We are all part of the cultural immune system.(在我看来，最好的办法是通过教育。我们都是文化免疫系统的一部分)”以及最后一段“We must work together to stay one step ahead of humanity’s opportunistic nature. Withov beliefs, norms and a proper understanding of human nature, we are at the mercy of our selfish biological heritage. (我们必须共同努力，在人类机会主义的本性中领先一步。如果没有信仰、规范和对人性的正确理解，我们就会受制于自私的生物遗产)”可知，社会稳定依赖持续发现和管控隐性自私行为。 第 II 卷 注意事项: 1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2. 本卷共 6 小题, 共 35 分。 第三部分:写作 第一节:阅读表达(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When I was a youngster, my mother would say, “Go outside and play.” And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside. For one thing, we quickly learned to recognize poison ivy. A few years ago I was fortunate to be asked to join the advisory committee of Children and Nature Network (C&NN). This is a growing organization created by author Richard Louv. His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. As Louv writes, “We are fast approaching a generation of children where no child will have played outdoors.” Nature is more than plants and animals we observe each day. Nature is a shared spirit of being with all things. Through nature we learn that everything is cyclical, that life begins and life passes, and that every life is in balance with all other life forms, and each one helps the other fulfill its essential purpose. My neighbors embody the actions and nature philosophy that Louv suggests in his book. They plant, they play, and they teach their children that nature has her purpose. They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves. Spending time outdoors both in loneliness and at play is an important education for children. The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections. You will connect to the chlorophyll (叶绿素) of plants, the flight of insects and birds, the awareness of mammals (哺乳动物), and especially the knowing of the earth herself. In Shakespeare’s As You Like It, the Duke in the Forest of Arden says: “... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.” 56. How did the author learn about nature and herself when she was young? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What problem does Richard Louv point out in his book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined sentence “when we abuse her, we abuse ourselves” in Paragraph 4? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What benefits can we get from spending time outdoors? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from the Duke’s words in Shakespeare’s book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. By playing outside with other kids in the neighborhood. 57. A generation of children is so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. 58. We are part of nature, so abusing nature means harming ourselves. 59. It encourages an inner connection to nature and helps us see all the natural connections. 60. Everything in nature has its value and meaning. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者幼时户外玩耍学自然，提及儿童与自然脱节问题，强调亲近自然的好处及自然万物皆有价值。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside.(我会和邻居家的其他孩子一起去。我们在户外玩耍时，学到了很多关于大自然和我们自己的东西。)”可知，作者小时候通过和邻居家的其他孩子在户外玩耍了解自然和自己。故填By playing outside with other kids in the neighborhood. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature.(他的书《Last Child in the Woods》成了畅销书，因为人们意识到，我们这一代的孩子与电子产品的联系如此紧密，以至于他们正在失去与自然的联系。)”可知，Richard Louv在他的书中指出一代孩子与电子产品联系过于紧密，正在失去与自然的联系。故填A generation of children is so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. 【58题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves.(他们践行着这样一种哲学：我们是自然的一部分，当我们滥用自然时，我们就是在滥用自己。)” 可知，因为我们是自然的一部分，所以当我们滥用自然时，就是在伤害自己。故填We are part of nature, so abusing nature means harming ourselves. 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections.(户外鼓励与自然的内在联系，如果你在那里安静地待一会儿，你会看到所有自然的联系。)”可知，花时间在户外能鼓励我们与自然建立内在联系，让我们看到所有自然的联系。故填It encourages an inner connection to nature and helps us see all the natural connections. 【60题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段引语“... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.(……树木有言语，溪流有书籍，石头有诉说，万物皆有善。)”可知，公爵的话表明自然界的一切都有其价值和意义。故填Everything in nature has its value and meaning. 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校与美国一所友好学校将联合举办主题为“AI in Learning: Help or Challenge?”的线上英语辩论赛，你已报名参加，并将作为正方辩手发言, 你的核心观点是“人工智能是学习的有力帮手”。 请你根据以下提示，写一篇辩论发言稿: (1)明确你方的立场，并阐述人工智能给学习带来的积极作用(如个性化学习路径、 随时随地获取知识、即时反馈等，任选其中两个方面展开)； (2)同时预判反方可能提出的主要质疑(如过度依赖技术损害独立思考能力、学生可能利用AI代替自己完成作业等)，并逐一进行有理有据的回应； (3)总结你方观点，呼吁同学们正确看待并合理使用人工智能。 提示词汇：个性化学习路径 personalized learning paths 注意:(1)词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good afternoon, everyone. I’m honored to speak for the proposition side. Our position is clear: artificial intelligence is a powerful learning assistant. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 【答案】One possible version: Good afternoon, everyone. I’m honored to speak for the proposition side. Our position is clear: artificial intelligence is a powerful learning assistant. Firstly, AI creates personalized learning paths. It analyzes our study habits and weaknesses, then provides tailored exercises and resources, making learning much more efficient. Secondly, it offers instant feedback. For example, AI can quickly grade our essays, point out grammar mistakes, and even suggest improvements, allowing us to correct errors and learn in real-time. We understand the opposition’s concerns. They might argue that over-reliance on AI harms independent thinking. Our response is that AI is a tool, not a replacement. The key is guidance. Teachers and parents should encourage us to think first and use AI for verification and deeper exploration. Another worry is that students might use AI to do their homework. To this, we believe the solution lies in smarter task design. Teachers can assign more open-ended and creative projects that require personal insight, making simple copy-paste from AI useless. In conclusion, AI, when used wisely, is undoubtedly a great aid. It personalizes education and provides immediate support. Let’s embrace this technology with a clear mind, using it to empower, not replace, our own thinking and efforts. That’s all. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生根据提示，写一篇辩论发言稿，表示自己的核心观点“人工智能是学习的有力帮手”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 允许：allow → permit 理解：understand → comprehend 指导：guidance → instruction 毫无疑问：undoubtedly → without doubt 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It analyzes our study habits and weaknesses, then provides tailored exercises and resources, making learning much more efficient. 拓展句：It analyzes our study habits and weaknesses, then provides tailored exercises and resources, which will make learning much more efficient. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our response is that AI is a tool, not a replacement. (运用了that引导的表语从句) 【高分句型2】Teachers can assign more open-ended and creative projects that require personal insight, making simple copy-paste from AI useless.(运用了that引导的定语从句，现在分词短语作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河西区 2025-2026 学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量 英语笔试 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共 130 分，考试用时 100 分第I卷 1 至 10 页，第II卷 11 至 12 页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第 I 卷 注意事项: 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共 55 小题, 共 95 分。 第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节:单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 从 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — I’m thinking of dropping the physics course. It’s too difficult. — ________. It’s a required course for your major. A. You can’t be serious B. It’s up to you C. I couldn’t agree more D. It’s just a piece of cake 2. I really appreciate ________ when my deskmate shares his effective learning methods with me, as it helps me make steady progress in my study. A. one B. that C. it D. this 3. The couple decided to adopt the stray dog________ it had some health problems and would require extra care. A. in case B. now that C. as if D. even though 4. You ________ bother to bring a gift. Your presence at the party is the best present for us. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 5. ________ the challenging task ahead of schedule, the team went out to celebrate with a big dinner. A. Finishing B. Finished C. Having finished D. To finish 6. The manager promised to________ the complaint from the customer and give a reply within 24 hours. A. look into B. take in C. put up with D. make use of 7. It was the first time that the disabled athlete ________ the finish line independently, and his perseverance inspired everyone present. A. was crossing B. would cross C. has crossed D. had crossed 8. The new policy _________that employees must take at least five days of continuous leave each year to ensure work-life balance. A. states B. predicts C. warns D. recommends 9. We have reached a critical stage in the negotiation ________ both sides must be willing to compromise if they want to reach an agreement. A. which B. that C. where D. why 10. — I find the abstract painting quite inspiring and full of imagination. — Really? To me, it’s just a mess of colors and shapes. — Well, ________. We just have different tastes. A. one man’s meat is another man’s poison B. loose lips sink ships C. Rome wasn’t built in a day D. great minds think alike 11. The students’ creative performance at the art festival ________ the high expectations of their teachers and parents. A. lived up to B. looked forward to C. came up with D. put up with 12. ________ you have been wholeheartedly committed to will surely come true if you stick to your goal. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Which 13. The organization is________ seeking volunteers to help with the upcoming charity marathon. A. accidentally B. occasionally C. currently D. temporarily 14. More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A. have been B. has been C. are D. is 15. With the final exam approaching, the students found their daily routine completely ________ by revision schedules. A. dominating B. to dominate C. dominated D. dominates 第二节:完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The old clock tower in the town square had been silent for decades. To most residents, it was merely a(n) ___16___ relic (遗迹) of a bygone era, an eyesore blocking the modern view of the square. But to Elara, a retired watchmaker, it was a sleeping giant waiting to be ___17___ . Since her retirement, Elara had passed the tower daily, her heart ___18___ at the stillness of the clock hands. One evening, she decided she could no longer be a(n) ___19___ observer. She approached the town council with a proposal: she would repair the clock ___20___ , requesting only the cost of materials. The council was ___21___ , yet skeptical. The tower was dangerous, and the machinery was complex. However, Elara’s reputation for ___22___ in her craft eventually won them over. Armed with a toolbox and a stepladder, Elara began the ___23___ work. The interior was covered in thick dust and spider webs. The main gear system had ___24___ , and several critical parts were missing. It wasn’t simply a matter of cleaning; it required ___25___ and innovation. For weeks, Elara spent her days in the tower. She carefully ___26___ the rust from the gears, fashioning new parts from scrap metal when originals couldn’t be found. The work was ___27___ on her aging back, but her spirit remained unbroken. As news of her project spread, something ___28___ happened. Local teenagers, once indifferent to the tower, began to stop and watch her work. They brought her water and held the ladder ___29___ . What started as a one-woman mission transformed into a community ___30___ . Donations of tools and money began to ___31___ in from neighbors who were inspired by her dedication. Finally, on the eve of the town’s centennial celebration, the ___32___ moment arrived. Elara, with trembling hands, gave the final gear a gentle push. A rhythmic tick-tock echoed through the tower, growing louder until the great bell ___33___ the hour for the first time in fifty years. The sound resonated (回荡) across the square, drawing cheers and applause from the crowd below. Looking down at the ___34___ faces, Elara realized she hadn’t just repaired a machine. She had ___35___ a community’s sense of time and belonging. 16. A. fascinating B. forgotten C. precious D. mysterious 17. A. protected B. removed C. awakened D. replaced 18. A. sinking B. racing C. twisting D. beating 19. A. casual B. innocent C. amateur D. passive 20. A. immediately B. voluntarily C. reluctantly D. secretly 21. A. surprised B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened 22. A. patience B. wisdom C. excellence D. bravery 23. A. risky B. messy C. delicate D. pointless 24. A. fallen off B. worn out C. broken out D. backed up 25. A. strength B. courage C. luck D. precision 26. A. removed B. washed C. hid D. detected 27. A. light B. stressful C. hard D. dependent 28. A. interesting B. miraculous C. humorous D. awkward 29. A. steadily B. loosely C. hurriedly D. clumsily 30. A. gathering B. blessing C. effort D. festival 31. A. bring B. pour C. check D. break 32. A. anxious B. decisive C. quiet D. historic 33. A. struck B. rang C. beat D. announced 34. A. puzzled B. anxious C. joyful D. familiar 35. A. shaped B. recorded C. restored D. discovered 第二部分:阅读理解(共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The University of Waikato will provide you with the foundational knowledge and experience you need to achieve your career and life goals. With our focus on academic excellence and innovation, you will become part of a group known for making a big difference in the world around them. Join our warm and welcoming community of students from all over New Zealand and the globe. Campus The University of Waikato has two unique campuses: Each campus has high-quality facilities and services that students will have access to during their studies Hamilton campus enjoys the vibrant (有活力的) student atmosphere, offering a range of cafes, on-campus accommodation, and learning facilities. Tauranga campus in the heart of the CBD adds to the current range of qualifications and combines beautiful beaches, a relaxed lifestyle, and world-class university study. Accessibility Services Our Accessibility Services are on-site to help impaired (有缺陷的) students such as, but not limited to: sensory impairment, physical impairment, specific learning disability, mental health and temporary impairment. They offer a range of services to students such as note-taking support, assistive technology, alternative exam arrangements, sign-language interpreters, mobility parking permits, specialist equipment and more. Employability Plus Award Join the Employability Plus Award! It is a great way to engage and connect with dozens of local non-profit organizations, adds value to your CV (个人简历), and is a fun student community to belong to. Enhance your student experience! Boost your employability status! Engage with like-minded people! You will get recognition for community volunteering, supporting university events and attending workshops whilst you are studying. You will gain work-ready skills that will assist you in standing out to prospective employers. Student Centre The Student Centre is located at the heart of our Hamilton Campus and will be your choice for study and enrollment help, books, computers and printing and group study rooms. It is a great place to study, with lots of power points to plug in your computer and help on offer. The Student Centre team will also print and set up your Student ID card when you first arrive on campus. Within the Student Centre, you will find a range of services to help you throughout your time at university, from enrollment to graduation. 36. What do we know about the campus of the University of Waikato? A. Tauranga campus can offer free accommodation to the students. B. Only students on the Hamilton campus have access to advanced facilities. C. The location of Tauranga campus allows it to combine study with coastal lifestyle. D. Both campuses combine beautiful beaches and vibrant atmosphere. 37. A student with mental health problem in the university can_____. A. receive necessary treatment they need B. own assistive technology on the campus C. be allowed flexibly arranged exams D. serve as a sign-language interpreter 38. You can benefit a lot by joining the Employability Plus Award except_____. A. improving your student experience B. getting a paid job in the local non-profit organizations C. bettering your qualification for employment D. impressing your future employers 39. What can students do at the Student Centre? A. They can complete their entire enrollment process there. B. They are allowed to print PowerPoints online. C. They can get their student ID card repaired. D. They may get together in group study rooms. 40. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from? A. A student guide. B. A travel book. C. A university newspaper. D. An education magazine. B After receiving tenure (终身职位) in 2022 I considered taking a vacation. But I had 15 people in my lab, a partner who is also in academia with his own lab, and two children in elementary school. I felt I could not step away for a year. Then I connected with researchers in Uruguay seeking a collaborator experienced in my area, and I got a short-term Fulbright fellowship to explore the opportunity. I pictured my 3-month stay as an intense period of lab work, data collection and scientific discoveries. The 5-hour time difference would leave me with enough hours to catch up with my lab and family back home. When I arrived, I was dispirited to learn that the shuttle to the institute ran on a schedule that limited our work hours to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Mornings started with shared mate and conversations about our weekends or evenings, followed later by an extended lunch break that was sacred. I felt impatient. Yet my research progressed steadily. Outside of work, another kind of progress was unfolding. I was still working long hours because of my responsibilities as a lab head, graduate program director, and National Institutes of Health study section member, but the built-in breaks-which often included an evening snack-made all the difference. I still got my work done, and the slower rhythm also left space for deeper thinking, both in my experiments and in my life. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than urgency, and of leaving room for the parts of life that can’t be scheduled. A calmness set in. I found myself laughing more, sleeping better, and enjoying the life I have worked hard to build. Midway through my fellowship my family arrived for an extended visit, and I took 3 weeks off for a once-in-a-lifetime journey; We wandered through busy neighborhoods framed by the Andes, and felt the thunder of waterfalls soaking us in mist. I began to notice small things: my daughter’s fascination with seashells, my son’s growing ease with strangers and his first words of Spanish. When my fellowship ended 8 months ago, I returned with more than a set of data. I came back with a readjusted sense of how I want to live and work. I block my calendar so that no one can schedule a meeting during my off hour. I’ve built small rituals into my routine-a morning walk, a break away from the screen... These modest changes have reshaped the texture of my days. I find myself more focused in the lab, more patient with my students, and more present with my family. Productivity, I’ve come to see, is not measured only by research papers and grants. It is also sustained by presence, rest, and the relationships that give meaning to the work. 41. The author’s life can be described as ________ before she went to Uruguay. A. an escape from family duties B. frequently on the run C. a fat race with her partner D. in pursuit of fellowship 42. How did the author initially feel after learning the work schedule in Uruguay? A. disappointed and anxious. B. duty-bound but calm. C. homesick but fulfilling. D. relieved and anticipatory. 43. The modest changes mentioned by the author might include ________. A. becoming available when her lab members need to consult her B. treating conversations about leisure as a religiously sacred ritual C. replacing a long lunch break with deep thinking over a snack D. reserving weekends for her family instead of unfinished work 44. What factor initially caused the author’s impatience but eventually contributed to her mindset shift? A. The 5-hour time difference with her home country. B. Her heavy academic responsibilities and long work hours. C. The restricted work hours and built-in breaks. D. The extended visit from her family midway through the fellowship. 45. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. To work or not to work B. Approach to work-life balance C. An unexpected journey D. Success isn’t measured by science C For centuries, plants have been considered passive organisms, silently enduring their environment. However, recent research is revealing a world of hidden activity Plants, it seems, are not only aware of their surroundings but are also communicating with each other in sophisticated ways, creating what scientists are beginning to call a “wood wide web”. The primary medium for this communication is a vast, underground network of mycorrhizal fungi (菌根真菌). These fungi form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with plant roots, exchanging nutrients for sugars. But they do more than just trade; they act as information superhighways. When a plant is attacked by pests, it releases chemical signals into its roots. These signals are picked up by the fungi and transmitted to neighboring plants, which then preemptively (先发制人地) boost their own chemical defenses. This early warning system allows an entire community of plants to prepare for an imminent threat. Beyond defense, this network facilitates cooperation. Studies have shown that older, larger “mother trees” can recognize and favor their own seedlings (幼苗) through the fungal network, sending them extra nutrients to help them grow in the shaded understory (林下叶层). This challenges the long-held Darwinian view of plants engaged solely in a merciless competition for light and resources, suggesting a level of kin (亲缘的) recognition and altruism (利他主义) previously thought impossible in the plant kingdom. The implications are profound. This discovery forces us to reconsider the very definition of intelligence and communication. Plants lack a central nervous system, yet they exhibit complex behaviors: sensing, learning, remembering, and problem-solving. They can distinguish between self and non-self, kin and stranger. Some researchers argue that the fungal network itself functions as a kind of distributed intelligence for the forest. Understanding this “plant intelligence” could revolutionize fields from agriculture to ecology. Instead of viewing crops as isolated individuals, we might learn to foster their natural communication networks to enhance resilience without pesticides. The silent, green world around us is humming with conversations we are only just beginning to decode. 46. What is the main function of the “wood wide web” mentioned in the passage? A. To mainly serve as a system for exchanging nutrients and water. B. To coordinate collective defense behaviors among plants. C. To act as a communication network among plants. D. To provide physical support for seedlings. 47. According to paragraph 2, how do plants primarily use the fungal network when threatened? A. By sending warning signals to neighboring plants. B. By physically moving their roots away from danger. C. By attracting beneficial insects to kill the pests. D. By absorbing defensive chemicals from the fungi. 48. The example of “mother trees” helping their seedlings is used to illustrate that plants can_____. A. engage in merciless competition B. display parental care and cooperation C. live independently without external help D. change their growth pattern according to light 49. What is the significant challenge posed by the discovery of plant communication? A. It proves Darwin’s theory of evolution is wrong. B. It suggests fungi are more intelligent than plants. C. It may redefine concepts like the survival rules of plants. D. It indicates all plant behaviors are controlled by fungi. 50. What is a potential application of this research, as suggested in the last paragraph? A. Creating new species of plants through genetic engineering. B. Developing stronger pesticides to protect individual plants. C. Using fungi to replace traditional fertilizers entirely. D. Improving crop health by enhancing their natural networks. D Nearly 2 million years ago, one of our ancestors developed bone cancer in their foot. The fate of this individual is unknown, but the fossilised remains leave no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time. But these cancer cells weren’t the only internal threat our ancestors faced. Their survival was also threatened by individuals attempting to undermine the group. At the heart of the story is this question: is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative? The answer has profound implications for how we aim to structure society. If we are born altruists, then institutions are unnecessary. But if selfishness dominates, strong control is essential. In the language of evolutionary biology, we have a cooperation dilemma: there are situations where it is in our interest to work with others, and there are situations where it is not. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call “invisible rivalry” — the ability to hide selfish, competitive intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative nature. In other words, we evolved to compete in a cooperative world. This is where the analogy (类比) with cancer arises. Humanity’s long history of living with the disease means we have evolved biological mechanisms to reduce the risk it poses. Many reactions at the cellular level evolved to help our bodies fight off cancers. It is this strong immune system that explains why, although we are frequently exposed to viruses, these often don’t lead to illness. Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximise cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system. However, just as cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems, some individuals use their intelligence to destabilize the group’s social norms for their own benefit. To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination. But this isn’t going to happen until we first recognise the problem that invisible rivalry poses. In my view, the best way is through education. We are all part of the cultural immune system. If we understand our evolutionary heritage, we will be open-eyed to the danger that: freeloaders pose to society and place our trust more clear-sightedly — much as the body’s defence system learns to recognise the agents associated with cancers to deal with them. We must work together to stay one step ahead of humanity’s opportunistic nature. Without beliefs, norms and a proper understanding of human nature, we are at the mercy of our selfish biological heritage. Evolution has made us this way but we can learn to overcome it. 51. The underlined phrase “to undermine the group” in Paragraph 1 most probably means _______. A. to strengthen the group’s unity B. to weaken or damage the group C. to expand the group’s influence D. to reorganize the group’s structure 52. What can be inferred about the cultural immune system? A. It contributes to humanity’s competitiveness. B. Human dishonesty is said to be its byproduct. C. Internal threats in society cannot escape from it. D. It can be improved through enhancing cooperation. 53. What can we learn from this passage? A. The minority’s selfishness doesn’t mean cancers for society. B. It is hard to maintain the appearance of a cooperative nature. C. We need agree on the fact that invisible rivalry brings harm. D. The stability of society lies in humanity’s opportunistic nature. 54. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. The Cure for Social Ills. B. The Mercy of Humanity. C. The Value in Institutions. D. The Root of Invisible Rivalry. 55. From the passage, it can be inferred that the stable development of human society mainly relies on _______. A. the natural disappearance of competitive desires over time B. our constant efforts to discover and control hidden selfish acts C. individuals’ willingness to give up personal interests for the group D. the complete replacement of biological laws by cultural rules 第 II 卷 注意事项: 1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2. 本卷共 6 小题, 共 35 分。 第三部分:写作 第一节:阅读表达(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When I was a youngster, my mother would say, “Go outside and play.” And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside. For one thing, we quickly learned to recognize poison ivy. A few years ago I was fortunate to be asked to join the advisory committee of Children and Nature Network (C&NN). This is a growing organization created by author Richard Louv. His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. As Louv writes, “We are fast approaching a generation of children where no child will have played outdoors.” Nature is more than plants and animals we observe each day. Nature is a shared spirit of being with all things. Through nature we learn that everything is cyclical, that life begins and life passes, and that every life is in balance with all other life forms, and each one helps the other fulfill its essential purpose. My neighbors embody the actions and nature philosophy that Louv suggests in his book. They plant, they play, and they teach their children that nature has her purpose. They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves. Spending time outdoors both in loneliness and at play is an important education for children. The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections. You will connect to the chlorophyll (叶绿素) of plants, the flight of insects and birds, the awareness of mammals (哺乳动物), and especially the knowing of the earth herself. In Shakespeare’s As You Like It, the Duke in the Forest of Arden says: “... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.” 56. How did the author learn about nature and herself when she was young? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What problem does Richard Louv point out in his book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined sentence “when we abuse her, we abuse ourselves” in Paragraph 4? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What benefits can we get from spending time outdoors? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What can you learn from the Duke’s words in Shakespeare’s book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校与美国一所友好学校将联合举办主题为“AI in Learning: Help or Challenge?”的线上英语辩论赛，你已报名参加，并将作为正方辩手发言, 你的核心观点是“人工智能是学习的有力帮手”。 请你根据以下提示，写一篇辩论发言稿: (1)明确你方的立场，并阐述人工智能给学习带来的积极作用(如个性化学习路径、 随时随地获取知识、即时反馈等，任选其中两个方面展开)； (2)同时预判反方可能提出的主要质疑(如过度依赖技术损害独立思考能力、学生可能利用AI代替自己完成作业等)，并逐一进行有理有据的回应； (3)总结你方观点，呼吁同学们正确看待并合理使用人工智能。 提示词汇：个性化学习路径 personalized learning paths 注意:(1)词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good afternoon, everyone. I’m honored to speak for the proposition side. Our position is clear: artificial intelligence is a powerful learning assistant. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $