名词（名词的分类和所有格）（教师讲解卷）-2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》第1卷 （原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦名词分类与所有格，通过讲练结合构建“基础形式-语境应用”的知识逻辑，适配中职一轮复习的语言能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇语法（一）|10题（如名词所有格、单复数填空）|词形转换与语境填词|从名词所有格（如“my sister's”）到规则/不规则复数（如“photos”“children”），构建形式变化逻辑| |词汇语法（二）|10题（如国籍名词、复合名词选择）|语法选择与语境辨析|结合名词分类（如集合名词“the Smiths”）考查应用，强化概念与语境的关联| |补全对话|5题（日常情境对话填词）|情境化语用填空|在交际语境中渗透名词运用，提升语言理解与表达能力| |短文填空|10题（语篇中名词形式转换）|语篇语法填空|通过语篇连贯考查名词时态与数的一致性，深化知识迁移应用| |阅读理解|5题（非名词主题语篇）|细节与推理判断|以阅读能力为载体，间接巩固名词在语篇中的理解能力|

编写说明：2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、山东省春季高考英语考试标准及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本专辑涵盖39个考点共78卷。 本卷是2027山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第1卷，主要考查名词（名词的分类和所有格）。 2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第1卷 名词（名词的分类和所有格） 教师讲解卷 一、词汇语法 （一）在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 1．Two classmates of my ___________ will come to join us. 我姐姐的两个同学将要加入我们。 【答案】sister's 【详解】本题考查名词所有格的用法．根据句意可知应用名词所有格，故用sister's。 2. It's another book of my ________. 这是我父亲的另一本书。 【答案】 father's 【详解】本题考查名词所有格的用法．根据句意可知应用名词所有格，故用father's。 3．It's astonishing for you to finish so much work in two __________ time. 你能在两天的时间内，完成这么多的工作，太让人震惊了。 【答案】days’ 【详解】本题考查名词所有格的用法．根据句意可知应用名词所有格，故用two days’ time。 4．All the ___________ are very interesting. 所有的故事都很有趣。 【答案】stories 【详解】本题考查名词的用法．根据句意可知，应用名词的复数，故用stories。 5．Our English teacher is from__________ . 我们的英语老师来自美国。 【答案】 America 【详解】本题考查名词的用法．根据句意可知应用名词表示美国，故用America。 6．I took several _________(photo) of the beautiful scenery with these boys. 【答案】 photos 【详解】本题考查名词单复数的用法．句意为：我和那些男孩一起拍了许多漂亮的风景照片。故用名词的复数形式。 7．A great many _________(roof) were damaged by the storm. 【答案】 roofs 【详解】本题考查名词单复数的用法．句意为：暴风雨损坏了许多房顶。故用名词的复数形式。 8．The _________ (child ) are playing basketball now. 【答案】 children 【详解】本题考查名词单复数的用法．句意为：孩子们正在打篮球。故用名词的复数形式。 9．The (students) classroom is on the second floor. 【答案】students’ 【详解】考查所有格。句意：学生们的教室在二楼。students 是规则复数名词 (以 s 结尾)，表示 “学生们的”，所有格形式为词尾加’，故填 students’。 10．There are two _________ (man) teachers in the classroom. 【答案】 men 【详解】本题考查名词单复数的用法．句意为：教室里有两位男老师。故用复数形式。 （二）在本节中 阅读下列句子,为空白处选择适当的选项。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 11．How many_________ are there in the international school? A. Russian B.Italian C.Japanese D.American 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查名词及复数用法。本句句意为“这所国际学校有多少日本人？”表示某国人时，单复数同形如:Chinese(中国人),Japanese(日本人).故选C 12. _________wonderful movie! We like it very much. A. What B.What a C.How D.How a 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查名词短语在感叹句中的用法。本句句意为“多么棒的一部电影啊！我们都非常喜欢它”。感叹句中出现名词短语，应选用what。此处名词短语中movie为单数可数名词，需加冠词，构成冠词+形容词+名词结构。故选B 13．--------Excuse me, sir. Are you ready to order now? -------- Yes. I'd like two ________ and two _________. A. hamburger; cup of juice B.hamburgers; cup of juice C. hamburger; cups of juice D.hamburgers; cups of juice 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查名词及复数用法。本句句意为“打扰了先生。现在点餐吗?”“好的。我要两个汉堡和两杯果汁”。hamburger为可数名词，量词cup 为可数名词，juice 为不可数名词。故选D 14．_________ are watching TV. A. The Smith B.Smiths C.The Smiths D.Smith 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查名词及所有格用法。本句句意为“斯密斯一家人正在看电视”。 姓氏是专有名词,姓氏前加定冠词the,后加-s 表示“某一家或夫妇二人”。如:the Blacks,the Whites,the Wangs。故选C 15．We have a ____________ holiday during Dragon Boat Day. A.three days B.three-day C.three-days D.three day's 【答案】B 【详解】句意：端午节期间我们有三天的假期。考查“数词一名词”结构作定语。三天的假期a three day holiday=three days' holiday。故选B。 16．June 1st is ______ Day. A.Children B.Children's C.Child D.Child's 【答案】B 【详解】句意：六月一日是儿童节。考查名词所有格中节日的表达。Children's Day儿童节，固定表达。故选B。 17．I have two ________ in my pencil box. A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.a knife 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我的铅笔盒里有两把小刀。考查名词复数变化规则。根据two可知，横线处需填可数名词复数。以-f/fe结尾的可数名词变复数，需把f/fe变v,再加-es,knife的复数形式为knives。故选C。 18．There are three _________ in the company. They are all ________. A.worker;German B.workers;Germen C.workers;Germans D.worker;Germans 【答案】C 【详解】句意：公司有三名工人，他们都是德国人。考查名词的复数。worker“工人”，可数名词；German“德国人”，可数名词。根据there are three就近原则可知此处用复数名词workers.。根据they are可知第二空为复数名词Germans。故选C。 19．You are __________ to plant trees on both __________ of the road,not only one side. A.supposed;side B.supposing;side C.supposed;sides D.supposing;sides 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该在道路的两边种树，而不只是一边。考查短语和可数名词。应该做某事be supposed to do;道路有两边，side“边”，是可数名词；根据下句可知，不是在一边种树，说明是两边都要，所以side要用复数形式。故选C。 20．The _________ are playing games with their _________ on the playground. A.child;woman teachers B.child;women teachers C.children;women teachers D.children;woman teachers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们正在操场上和他们的女老师们玩游戏。考查名词复数。根据文字表达的逻辑关系，their相应的人称代词主格是复数第三人称，由此推断空格一填名词复数形式，child的复数形式是不规则变化children,所以排除A、B;从文字的表层意思推断空格指“女教师们”，woman置于名词表示性别构成的复合名词，变成复数形式时woman与名词都要变成复数形式，所以排除D。故选C。 二、补全对话 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) A:Hi,Jack.Would you like to come to my home this weekend？ B:Yes,I'd like to. 21. _________are we going to do together? A:We are going to play chess on Saturday morning,and I am going to cook Italian noodles for you. B:Are you joking?Can you cook(noodles)? A:Of 22. _________. I can.I have learned cooking on TV.My parents have been always on business,so I cook by myself. B:How 23. _________ have you learned it? A:For two weeks.During these days,I have learned a lot of things alone. B:Sounds good. I'm 24. _________ you will have a special experience. A:I really like trying new things and it's really good for me. B:You are right.When will your parents be back? A:They will be back next week.I really miss them.Oh,the bell rings. 25. _________ you then. 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________ 21.【答案】What 【详解】句意：我们一起做什么？根据回答可知，问的是做什么。因此，正确答案是What。 22.【答案】course 【详解】句意：当然了。Of course为固定用法。因此，正确答案是course。 23.【答案】long 【详解】句意：你学这个多久了？根据答语，两周了，可知问的时长，使用how long。因此，正确答案是long。 24.【答案】sure 【详解】句意：我保证你会有一段特殊的经历。Be sure (that)意为“确保，保证”。因此，正确答案是sure。 25.【答案】See 【详解】句意：到时候见。本句为省略句，完整句子为：I will see you then.因此，正确答案是See。 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) Sally loves reading.1._________ the morning,she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books.She 2. _________ already 3._________ (read) more than 100 different 4._________ (book)! 5._________ (she)favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine 6._________ the world 7._________ (be)like in 50 years.She 8._________ (finish)reading a book about robots last week and 9. _________ (write)a book report about it next week for her French class.Every time she is in the library,Sally looks at the many books she 10. _________(not read) yet and she can't wait to read them. 26._________ 27._________ 28._________ 29._________ 30._________ 31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________ 【导语】本文主要介绍了莎莉非常喜欢阅读以及有关她在阅读方面的具体情况。 26.【答案】In 【详解】句意：在早上，她看报纸，晚上她看书。in the morning“在早上”，固定搭配。故填In。 27.【答案】has 【详解】句意：她已经读了100多本书了！根据句中的“already”可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has十过去分词”，句子主语是“She”,所以助动词用has。故填has。 28.【答案】read 【详解】句意：她已经读了：100多本书了！根据句中的“already”可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has十过去分词”，空格前有助动词has,所以此处用过去分词，read的过去分词还是read。故填read。 29.【答案】books 【详解】句意：她已经读了100多本书了！different修饰复数名词，故填books。 30.【答案】Her 【详解】句意：她最喜欢的书是科幻小说。此空修饰名词books,要用形容词性物主代词。故 填Her。 31.【答案】what 【详解】句意：她对科学技术很感兴趣，喜欢想象50年后世界会是什么样子。此处是宾语从句，此空作介词like的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 32.【答案】will be 【详解】句意：她对科学技术很感兴趣，喜欢想象50年后的世界会是什么样子。根据句中的时间“in50 years'”可知，时态应用一般将来时，结构是“will十动词原形”。故填will be。 33.【答案】finished 【详解】句意：上周她读完了一本关于机器人的书，下周她要为法语课写一篇关于这方面的读书报告。根据句中的时间“last week”可知，句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填finished。 34.【答案】will write 【详解】句意：上周她读完了一本关于机器人的书，下周她要为法语课写一篇关于这方面的读书报告。根据“next week”可知，句子用一般将来时will do的结构。故填will write。 35.【答案】hasn't read 【详解】句意：莎莉都会看着许多她还没读过的书。根据句中的“yet”可知，句中应用现在完成时，动词结构是“have/has十过去分词”，主语是第三人称，所以助动词用has,否定直接在助动词has后面加not,可以缩写成hasn't。故填hasn't read。 四、阅读理解 在本节中 阅读下列短文,为短文后问题选择合适的答案，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people,horses,and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this:A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help,he replies,“No,thanks.I've got a good horse under me.” The city planners decided to build an underground drainage()system,but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city. An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet. This of course created a new problem:dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice:either change the first floors of their buildings into basements,and the second stories into main floors,or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large,heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel,which was a six-story brick building? That's where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly,the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago's early history,every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River,the city's next step was to clean the polluted river. 36.The author mentions the joke to show_________. A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago B.Chicago's streets were extremely muddy C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous 37.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to ________. A.get rid of the street dirt B.lower the Chicago River C.fight against heavy floods D.build the pipes above ground 38.The underlined word "hoist"in Paragraph 4 means ________. A.change B.lift C.repair D.decorate 39.What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel? A.It went on smoothly as intended. B.It interrupted the business of the hotel. C.It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews. D.It separated the building from its foundation. 40.The passage is mainly about early Chicago's________. A.popular life styles and their influences B.environmental disasters and their causes C.engineering problems and their solutions D.successful businessmen and their achievements 【导语】本文为说明文，题材为历史与建筑。在历史上芝加哥常常发洪水，这使得街道非常泥泞。城市规划者就这一问题采取了诸多措施。 36.【答案】B 【详解】推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知在历史上芝加哥常常发洪水尤其是在春天，这使得街道非常泥泞以至于行人及马和马车陷入泥里。这一则笑话是用来说明芝加哥街道的泥泞的，故选B项。 37.【答案】D 【详解】细节理解题。由第三段第一句“..Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that.,.to build the pipes above ground...”可知，D项正确。 38.【答案】B 【详解】猜测词义题。由画线词后一句“Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily..”可知，hoist与lift为同义词，故B项正确。 39.【答案】A 【详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段内容可知A项正确。 40.【答案】C 【详解】主旨大意题。文中提到的第一个问题是芝加哥经常发生洪涝灾害，解决办法是在地面上铺管子，铺管子引起的问题是房屋如何移动，此问题解决后，河水又被污染，又需要想办法解决，由此可知本文主要讲述了芝加哥早期的工程问题和解决办法。故C项正确。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖39个考点共78卷。 本卷是2027山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第1卷，主要考查名词（名词的分类和所有格）。 2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第1卷 名词（名词的分类和所有格） 教师讲解卷 一、词汇语法 （一）在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 1．Two classmates of my ___________ will come to join us. 我姐姐的两个同学将要加入我们。 2. It's another book of my ________. 这是我父亲的另一本书。 3．It's astonishing for you to finish so much work in two __________ time. 你能在两天的时间内，完成这么多的工作，太让人震惊了。 4．All the ___________ are very interesting. 所有的故事都很有趣。 5．Our English teacher is from__________ . 我们的英语老师来自美国。 6．I took several _________(photo) of the beautiful scenery with these boys. 7．A great many _________(roof) were damaged by the storm. 8．The _________ (child ) are playing basketball now. 9．The (students) classroom is on the second floor. 10．There are two _________ (man) teachers in the classroom. （二）在本节中 阅读下列句子,为空白处选择适当的选项。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 11．How many_________ are there in the international school? A. Russian B.Italian C.Japanese D.American 12. _________wonderful movie! We like it very much. A. What B.What a C.How D.How a 13．--------Excuse me, sir. Are you ready to order now? -------- Yes. I'd like two ________ and two _________. A. hamburger; cup of juice B.hamburgers; cup of juice C. hamburger; cups of juice D.hamburgers; cups of juice 14．_________ are watching TV. A. The Smith B.Smiths C.The Smiths D.Smith 15．We have a ____________ holiday during Dragon Boat Day. A.three days B.three-day C.three-days D.three day's 16．June 1st is ______ Day. A.Children B.Children's C.Child D.Child's 17．I have two ________ in my pencil box. A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.a knife 18．There are three _________ in the company. They are all ________. A.worker;German B.workers;Germen C.workers;Germans D.worker;Germans 19．You are __________ to plant trees on both __________ of the road,not only one side. A.supposed;side B.supposing;side C.supposed;sides D.supposing;sides 20．The _________ are playing games with their _________ on the playground. A.child;woman teachers B.child;women teachers C.children;women teachers D.children;woman teachers 二、补全对话 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) A:Hi,Jack.Would you like to come to my home this weekend？ B:Yes,I'd like to. 21. _________are we going to do together? A:We are going to play chess on Saturday morning,and I am going to cook Italian noodles for you. B:Are you joking?Can you cook (noodles)? A:Of 22. _________. I can.I have learned cooking on TV.My parents have been always on business,so I cook by myself. B:How 23. _________ have you learned it? A:For two weeks.During these days,I have learned a lot of things alone. B:Sounds good. I'm 24. _________ you will have a special experience. A:I really like trying new things and it's really good for me. B:You are right.When will your parents be back? A:They will be back next week.I really miss them.Oh,the bell rings. 25. _________ you then. 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________ 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) Sally loves reading.1._________ the morning,she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books.She 2. _________ already 3._________ (read) more than 100 different 4._________ (book)! 5._________ (she)favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine 6._________ the world 7._________ (be)like in 50 years.She 8._________ (finish)reading a book about robots last week and 9. _________ (write)a book report about it next week for her French class.Every time she is in the library,Sally looks at the many books she 10. _________(not read) yet and she can't wait to read them. 26._________ 27._________ 28._________ 29._________ 30._________ 31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________ 四、阅读理解 在本节中 阅读下列短文,为短文后问题选择合适的答案，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,making the streets so muddy that people,horses,and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this:A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help,he replies,“No,thanks.I've got a good horse under me.” The city planners decided to build an underground drainage()system,but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city. An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet. This of course created a new problem:dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice:either change the first floors of their buildings into basements,and the second stories into main floors,or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large,heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel,which was a six-story brick building? That's where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly,the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation,and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago's early history,every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River,the city's next step was to clean the polluted river. 36.The author mentions the joke to show_________. A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago B.Chicago's streets were extremely muddy C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous 37.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to ________. A.get rid of the street dirt B.lower the Chicago River C.fight against heavy floods D.build the pipes above ground 38.The underlined word "hoist"in Paragraph 4 means ________. A.change B.lift C.repair D.decorate 39.What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel? A.It went on smoothly as intended. B.It interrupted the business of the hotel. C.It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews. D.It separated the building from its foundation. 40.The passage is mainly about early Chicago's________. A.popular life styles and their influences B.environmental disasters and their causes C.engineering problems and their solutions D.successful businessmen and their achievements 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $