名词（常见名词构词法和名词辨析）（教师讲解卷）-2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》第3卷 （原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦名词构词法与辨析，通过讲练闭环构建从基础词形转换到语境应用的递进式训练体系，提升语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇语法（构词法）|10题|动词/形容词转换名词（如ill→illness）|从词形变化规则切入，建立词性转换思维| |词汇语法（辨析）|10题|可数/不可数名词、固定搭配（如make room）|结合语境辨析词义与用法，强化语境应用能力| |补全对话|5题|日常情境名词运用（如pad功能描述）|在交际场景中巩固名词实际表达| |短文填空|10题|篇章中名词形式与搭配（如evidence, populations）|从单句到语篇，提升名词在语境中的准确运用| |阅读理解|4题|名词在科技文（智能键盘）中的理解|通过篇章阅读深化名词意义理解与信息提取|

编写说明：2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、山东省春季高考英语考试标准及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本专辑涵盖39个考点共78卷。 本卷是2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第3卷，主要考查名词（常见名词构词法和名词辨析）。 2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第3卷 名词（常见名词构词法和名词辨析） 教师讲解卷 一、词汇语法 （一）在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 1．Cathy suffered some terrible ____________ (ill) in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy. 【答案】illness 【详解】本题考查名词的用法．句意为：凯瑟童年时期生过重病。经过几年规律的治疗，她最终康复了。故用名词形式illness。 2. Can you give me a few _____________(suggestion)on how to learn English? 【答案】 suggestions 【详解】本题考查名词的用法．句意为：你能给我一些如何学习英语的建议吗？suggestion表示建议，为可数名词，故用其复数形式suggestions。 3.She has realized the _____________(important)of health, so she often exercises. 【答案】 importance 【详解】本题考查名词的用法． 句意为：她已经意识到健康的重要性，所以她经常运动。故用名词形式，importance。 4.When the class is over,the teacher often advises the students to search more ____________(information)on the subject of that lesson. 【答案】 information 【详解】句意为：上完课后，老师经常建议学生去搜索更多的有关课程的信息。Information为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故用information。 5．A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college ______________(apply), I often went to websites to get information about what college would be like. 【答案】applications 【详解】本题考查名词的用法。句意：一年前,当我等待我的大学志愿申请结果时，我经常上网去看一些大学会是什么样的信息。根据句意可知应用名词形式，故用applications. 6．Even a small success gives you a sense of ___________ ( achieve). 【答案】achievement 【详解】本题考查名词的构词法．句意为：即使很小的成功，也会给你一种成就感。根据句意可知应用名词，故用achievement。 7．----Can you tell me something about your ___________(educate)? ----Sure. I graduated from Shandong Normal University. 【答案】education 【详解】本题考查名词的构词法．句意为：--能告诉我一些你的教育情况吗？ ---好的。我毕业于山东师范大学。根据句意可知应用名词，故用education。 8．-----What do you think about ____________(happy)? ---I think that happiness is more valuable than other feelings. 【答案】 happiness 【详解】本题考查名词的构词法．句意为：--你认为幸福是什么？---我认为幸福比其它情感要重要。根据句意可知应用名词，故用happiness。 9．Wu Jing is a well-known ____________ (direct). He is popular among film lovers. 【答案】director 【详解】句意：吴京是一位著名的导演。他在电影爱好者中很受欢迎。direct指导，指挥，动词；director导演，主管，可数名词。空格前的well-known意为“著名的”，是形容词，在此处作完语修饰名词director;由句中的“a”可知此处要用司数名词的单数形式。 10．We were touched by the ________ (warm) of the welcome. 【答案】 warmth 【详解】句意：我们被热烈的欢迎所感动。warm温暖的，形容词；warmth热情，不可数名词，作宾语。因此，正确答案是warmth。 （二）在本节中 阅读下列句子,为空白处选择适当的选项。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 11．---Anne, I received a very interesting__________ the other day. -- -Well, what is it? A. information B. wood C.advice D.e-mail 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查名词可数与不可数的用法．句意为:--安妮，我前几天收到一封有趣的邮件。-- 是什么？ information意为信息，不可数名词；wood意为木材，不可数名词，advice意为建议，不可数名词，e-mail意为电子邮件，可数名词。故选D项。 12. With ___________,we can do many things such as playing online games and using air conditioners. A.water B. electricity C.air D.light 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查名词词意。句意为:有了电，我们可以做很多事情，例如打网络游戏和使用空调。water意为水，electricity意为电，air意为空气，light意为光。故选B项。 13．By all________,you must try every__________to help him. A.mean; mean B.means; means C.means; mean D.mean; means 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查名词的用法． 句意为:无论如何,你必须想尽一切办法去帮助他。by all means 意为“无论如何,想尽一切办法”,为固定短语; means 表示“方式,方法”时,是一个单复数同形的名词。故选B项。 14．---Linda, have you received John's __________to his party? ----Yes, I'm preparing the present these days. A. invitation B. notice C.information D.convention 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查名词的用法． 句意为:--琳达，你收到乔派对的邀请函了吗?--是的，我正在准备礼物。invitation 意为“邀请函”；notice 意为“通知”；information 意为“信息”；convention 意为“惯例”。根据句意可知，正在准备礼物。故选A项。 15．I want to take this__________to show respect for staff. A. opportunity B. habit C. question D.price 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查名词。本句的意思是“我想借此机会表达我对员工们的敬意”. opportunity意为“机会”，B. habit意为“习惯” C. question意为“问题” D.price意为“价格”。故选A。 16．Our company focuses on bringing high ___________products into markets. A.quality B.quantity C.activity D.amount 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查名词。本句句意为“我们公司专注于将高质量的产品推向市场”。 quantity 意为“数量”，activity意为“活动”，amount意为“金额”。故选A 17．James took the magazines off the little table to make ___________for the television. A.room B.area C. field D.position 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查名词辨析。句意为:詹姆斯从小桌上取走杂志,以腾出空间来放电视机。 make room for... 意为“为……腾出空间”;make与其他三项构不成固定搭配,含义上也讲不通。故选A项。 18．You'll have to get your parents’___________if you want to go on the trip. A. adventure B. apology C. agreement D.advertisement 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查名词辨析。句意为:如果你要参加旅行，需要获得父母的同意。 adventure 意为“奇遇”;apology 意为“道歉”;agreement 意为“同意”;advertisement 意为“广告”。由句意可知,C项正确。 19．---We have entered a world where robot operations become true with 5G technology. ---Hard to believe! Scientists are full of ___________which leads to great changes in our life. A. attraction B. invention C. position D.protection 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查名词辨析。句意为:--我们已经进入了一个利用5G网络科技进行机器人操作的时代。--难以置信！科学家们众多的发明给我们生活带来巨大变化。attraction 意为“吸引”; invention 意为“发明”;position 意为“位置”;protection 意为“保护”。由句意可知,B项正确。 20.The ___________of the meeting is to help teachers and parents achieve better communication. A. position B. progress C. period D.purpose 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查名词辨析。句意为:会议的目的是帮助家长和老师更好的沟通。 position 意为“位置”;progress 意为“进步”;period 意为“时期”;purpose 意为“目的”。 由句意可知D项正确。 二、补全对话 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) A: Wow！21.__________a nice mobile phone it is！ The design looks so modern. B: Oh，actually，it＇s not a mobile phone. It＇s a pad. A: A pad？That＇s interesting. What can we use it to do？ B: Well，we can use it to do many things，such 22. __________reading books,watching TV shows and so on. A: Hmm，it seems like a computer. B: Yes. In fact，it＇s a kind of small computer. It has many functions of a computer，like surfing the Internet. A:23.__________ great！Can I borrow it from you for a while？ B: Of 24.____________. I＇m sure you＇ll enjoy using it. Just be careful with it. A: Thank you so much！I＇ll take good care of it. B: You are 25.__________. 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________ 21.【答案】What 【详解】句意：多么棒的一部手机啊！根据句子分析可知，此句为感叹句式。符合感叹句式：what +a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！因此，正确答案是What。 22.【答案】as 【详解】句意：我们可以用它做很多事情，例如读书、看电视等。。Such as为固定用法,用来列举。因此，正确答案是as。 23.【答案】Sounds 【详解】句意：听起来很不错。本句为省略句，省略主语it/that,故使用第三人称单数。。因此，正确答案是Sounds。 24.【答案】course 【详解】句意：当然。Of course为固定用法,用来表示肯定的语气。因此，正确答案是course。 25.【答案】welcome 【详解】句意：不客气。用于表示对方提出感谢的答语。因此，正确答案是welcome。 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence 26.________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 27.________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000­25，000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 28.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive 29.________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 30.________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 31.________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 32.________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 33.________ (high) than they actually are. Of 34.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 35.________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 26._________ 27._________ 28._________ 29._________ 30._________ 31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________ 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。 26.【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。本句含有一个同位语从句，解释了名词evidence“证据”的具体内容，设空处在从句中不充当成分，也无意义，应用连接代词that。 27.【答案】poorly 【详解】考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。 28.【答案】of/for 【详解】考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.“做某事的方法”。 29.【答案】to perform 【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，人们就在使用现代的方法来跟踪北极熊的种群数量，这些方法在很大范围内连续执行起来非常昂贵。 30.【答案】have reported 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句中的时间状语“In recent years”多与现在完成时连用；主语some Inuit people为复数意义，因此应填have reported。 31.【答案】belief 【详解】考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，设空处应填believe的名词形式belief“看法，信念”。 32.【答案】noting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.“通过做某事回应”。 33.【答案】higher 【详解】考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，设空处应用high的比较级形式higher。 34.【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations意为“在这19个已知的北极熊亚种群当中”，此处特指确认的19个亚种群，应用定冠词the。 35.【答案】are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代“six polar bear subpopulations”，为复数意义。 四、阅读理解 在本节中 阅读下列短文,为短文后问题选择合适的答案，并将答案写在对应处。(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分) As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e­spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic­like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.　 36．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A．To reduce pressure on keys. B．To improve accuracy in typing. C．To replace the password system. D．To cut the cost of e­space protection. 37．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? A．Computers are much easier to operate. B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C．Typing patterns vary from person to person. D．Data security measures are guaranteed. 38．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A．It'll be environment­friendly. B．It'll reach consumers soon. C．It'll be made of plastics. D．It'll help speed up typing. 39．Where is this text most likely from? A．A diary. B．A guidebook. C．A novel. D．A magazine. 【导语】本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。 36.【答案】D 【详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.”以及第一段最后一句“At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.”可知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。注意题干、正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的呼应现象：develop与come up with是同义词；expensive与low­cost是反义词；cut the cost与low­cost相呼应。 37.【答案】C 【详解】推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中“These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities ...”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客。故选C。 38.【答案】B 【详解】细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可定位到文章最后一句“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”，该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场。题干中的expect与原文中的hope呼应；B项中的consumers与market呼应。故选B。 39.【答案】D 【详解】文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device ...”，尤其根据其中的关键词“researchers，low­cost device”等推断，文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、山东省春季高考英语考试标准及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本专辑涵盖39个考点共78卷。 本卷是2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第3卷，主要考查名词（常见名词构词法和名词辨析）。 2027年山东省（春季高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第3卷 名词（常见名词构词法和名词辨析） 教师讲解卷 一、词汇语法 （一）在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 1．Cathy suffered some terrible ____________ (ill) in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy. 2. Can you give me a few _____________(suggestion)on how to learn English? 3.She has realized the _____________(important)of health, so she often exercises. 4.When the class is over,the teacher often advises the students to search more ____________(information)on the subject of that lesson. 5．A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college ______________(apply), I often went to websites to get information about what college would be like. 6．Even a small success gives you a sense of ___________ ( achieve). 7．----Can you tell me something about your ___________(educate)? ----Sure. I graduated from Shandong Normal University. 8．-----What do you think about ____________(happy)? ---I think that happiness is more valuable than other feelings. 9．Wu Jing is a well-known ____________ (direct). He is popular among film lovers. 10．We were touched by the ________ (warm) of the welcome. （二）在本节中 阅读下列句子,为空白处选择适当的选项。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 11．---Anne, I received a very interesting__________ the other day. -- -Well, what is it? A. information B. wood C.advice D.e-mail 12. With ___________,we can do many things such as playing online games and using air conditioners. A.water B. electricity C.air D.light 13．By all________,you must try every__________to help him. A.mean; mean B.means; means C.means; mean D.mean; means 14．---Linda, have you received John's __________to his party? ----Yes, I'm preparing the present these days. A. invitation B. notice C.information D.convention 15．I want to take this__________to show respect for staff. A. opportunity B. habit C. question D.price 16．Our company focuses on bringing high ___________products into markets. A.quality B.quantity C.activity D.amount 17．James took the magazines off the little table to make ___________for the television. A.room B.area C. field D.position 18．You'll have to get your parents’___________if you want to go on the trip. A. adventure B. apology C. agreement D.advertisement 19．---We have entered a world where robot operations become true with 5G technology. ---Hard to believe! Scientists are full of ___________which leads to great changes in our life. A. attraction B. invention C. position D.protection 20.The ___________of the meeting is to help teachers and parents achieve better communication. A. position B. progress C. period D.purpose 二、补全对话 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，并将答案写在对应处。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) A: Wow！21.__________a nice mobile phone it is！ The design looks so modern. B: Oh，actually，it＇s not a mobile phone. It＇s a pad. A: A pad？That＇s interesting. What can we use it to do？ B: Well，we can use it to do many things，such 22. __________reading books,watching TV shows and so on. A: Hmm，it seems like a computer. B: Yes. In fact，it＇s a kind of small computer. It has many functions of a computer，like surfing the Internet. A:23.__________ great！Can I borrow it from you for a while？ B: Of 24.____________. I＇m sure you＇ll enjoy using it. Just be careful with it. A: Thank you so much！I＇ll take good care of it. B: You are 25.__________. 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________ 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence 26.________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 27.________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000­25，000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 28.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive 29.________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 30.________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 31.________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 32.________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 33.________ (high) than they actually are. Of 34.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 35.________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 26._________ 27._________ 28._________ 29._________ 30._________ 31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________ 四、阅读理解 在本节中 阅读下列短文,为短文后问题选择合适的答案，并将答案写在对应处。(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分) As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e­spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low­cost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic­like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.　 36．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A．To reduce pressure on keys. B．To improve accuracy in typing. C．To replace the password system. D．To cut the cost of e­space protection. 37．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? A．Computers are much easier to operate. B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C．Typing patterns vary from person to person. D．Data security measures are guaranteed. 38．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? A．It'll be environment­friendly. B．It'll reach consumers soon. C．It'll be made of plastics. D．It'll help speed up typing. 39．Where is this text most likely from? A．A diary. B．A guidebook. C．A novel. D．A magazine. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $