内容正文:
专项04 词汇运用题
01 解题小技巧
02【题型一】根据首字母及汉语提示完成句子
03【题型二】用所给词的适当形式填空
解题小技巧
本次词汇运用题主要考查动词形式变化、名词单复数、词性转换、固定搭配、首字母填词等考点,具体题型包含汉译英、词形变换、首字母填空。掌握以下技巧,就能快速准确完成填词,有效提升做题效率!
一、先找「时间标志词」,定动词形式
动词形式是词汇运用的核心考点,看到时间词直接锁定时态,一步确定动词形式,核心时间词与对应形式如下:
· 一般过去时:many years ago/ ten years ago/ yesterday/ last night/ two hours ago/ that day,动词用过去式(如 work→worked,write→wrote,ride→rode,put→put);否定式用didn’t + 动词原形。
· 现在进行时:now/ at the moment/ Listen!,结构为be + 动词 - ing(如 play→are playing,sing→are singing,dance→is dancing)。
· 一般现在时:无过去 / 进行时标志词、now(表习惯性动作)、sometimes,主语是三单(she/ he/ it/ 单数名词),动词用三单形式(如 like→likes,speak→speaks,teach→teaches);主语是复数 / 第一、二人称,用动词原形。
· 一般将来时:be going to,后接动词原形(如 be going to find);will 后也接动词原形(如 will be)。
二、牢记「固定搭配」,直接填出正确形式
常考固定搭配的词形变化无灵活选择,记熟搭配规则即可秒填,核心搭配整理:
· 情态动词后接原形:can/ could/ will/ shall + 动词原形(如 can ask,will be,can take)。
· 祈使句 / Let’s 后接原形:Let’s + 动词原形(如 Let’s put/ try);祈使句开头用动词原形(如 Try this one)。
· 介词后接宾格 / 动名词:for/ from/ with 等介词后,人称代词用宾格(如 for him,for us);What about + 动名词(如 What about going)。
· 固定句型后接不定式:ask sb + to do sth(如 ask me to carry);be going to + do sth(如 be going to find)。
· 固定短语:have...for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner(三餐前用原形,无单复数变化);watch a film,send a card。
三、通用解题步骤:四步核对,避免出错
· 标关键词:圈出时间词、数量词、情态动词、助动词、介词、be 动词;
· 定考点:根据关键词判断是动词形式 / 名词单复数 / 词性转换 / 固定搭配;
· 填单词 / 变形式:结合考点写出单词,按规则变换正确形式;
· 再核对:检查单词拼写、形式是否正确,是否符合句意和语法。
【题型一】根据提示完成句子
(一)
1. My brother ____________ (学习) English very hard every day.
2. They ____________ (参观) the Great Wall with their parents last summer.
3. Did you ____________ (借) a story book from the school library yesterday?
4. She ____________ (煮) noodles for her family this morning.
5. Here’s a postcard from Daming ____________ week(上一个).
6. Did your father ____________ (开车送你去学校) this morning?
7. I ____________ (打扫) my bedroom last Sunday afternoon.
8. Lucy l____________ to music every evening before going to bed.
9. When my father was young, he w____________ in a big factory.
10. My father is a good d____________. He can drive very well.
11. Five years ago, my aunt was a nurse. She l____________ after sick people.
12. Miss Zhang is an E____________ teacher. She is kind to all students.
13. Maths is a very useful s____________ for us.
14. My brother is a p____________. He plays football very well.
15. What did you have for ____________ yesterday evening?
16. My mother b____________ a new dress for me yesterday afternoon.
17. It’s a traditional ____________ festival. We eat mooncakes on it.
18. She had some rice and vegetables for ____________ at school today.
19. Dumplings are ____________ (美味的) Chinese food. Everyone likes them.
20. We have ____________ (晚餐) with our family every evening.
21. Oh no! You took my pen by ____________ (错误).
22. Now we can b____________ our new toys to the classroom.
23. Let’s ____________ (打开) the window. It’s hot in the room.
24. These apples are ____________ and ____________. (又红又甜)
25. Last weekend I r____________ a storybook with my little sister.
26. I g____________ a nice present from my parents on my birthday yesterday.
27. There are three big p____________ in our city. We can play games there.
28. I’m sorry. I f____________ to bring your book to school today.
29. Let’s ____________ (唱) an English song together. It’s our textbook song.
30. The box is too heavy. It’s ____________ (困难的,费力的) for me to carry it.
31. It’ll be e____________ for you to learn this new word.
32. This coat is warm and nice, you can w____________ it in winter.
33. —Have you got a new schoolbag? —Yes. L____________ at this one. It’s very cool.
34. This little boy is very h____________. He always smiles to everyone.
35. We p____________ some flowers in the garden last spring.
36. She r____________ a letter from her pen pal in America last week.
37. There are many lovely a____________ in the zoo. We can see pandas there.
38. My uncle works on a farm. He g____________ rice every year.
39. He r____________ his bike to school every morning.
40. These oranges are ____________ (新鲜的) and delicious.
【题型二】所给词适当形式填空
(一)
1. My new bag has got four __________ (wheel)
2. It will __________ (be) light for you to carry.
3. Look! My school bag is __________ (break).
4. We can __________ (take) this box to the classroom.
5. Mum told me __________ (carry) the heavy basket.
6. This toy is too small for __________ (he).
7. The pupils __________ (play) games in the playground now.
8. I __________ (ride) my bike to the park last Saturday.
9. I have got many nice __________ (photo) of my family.
10. What __________ (be) these big boxes?
11. I want a __________ (China) storybook.
12. I’m going __________ (find) a book about animals.
13. This guide is for __________ (we).
14. There __________ (be) lots of books in our school library.
15. We can get much __________ (information) from books.
16. She __________ (put) her pencil in the bag yesterday.
17. —__________ you __________ (have) eggs for breakfast yesterday?
—No, I __________ (have) bread and milk.
18. Dad __________ (buy) some fruit yesterday. I __________ (eat) an apple and __________ (give) a banana to my sister.
19. He __________ (eat) two hamburgers yesterday. She __________ (not like) hamburgers, so she __________ (give) hers to him.
20. —What __________ you __________ (have) for dinner last night?
—I __________ (have) fish and chips.
21. Lingling __________ (have) sausages for lunch yesterday. She __________ (like) English food.
22. My grandma __________ (learn) English many years ago. Now she __________ (speak) English well. She __________ (teach) me sometimes.
23. They __________ (not have) a telephone last year. Now they __________ (have) two phones. They __________ (use) them to call friends.
24. My mother __________ (be) a worker before. Now she __________ (be) a driver. She __________ (help) people every day.
25. Three years ago, I __________ (walk) to school. Now I __________ (go) to school by bus.
26. —What __________ you __________ (do) at the moment?
—I __________ (write) a letter to my friend.
27. Listen! The girls __________ (sing) in the music room. They __________ (learn) it last week.
28. My brother __________ (not dance) now. He __________ (cook) noodles in the kitchen.
29. I __________ (like) dogs. They __________ (be) very friendly.
30. Let’s __________ (go) to the library this afternoon.
参考答案及解析
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
【题型一】
1. 答案:studies。解析:考查一般现在时,主语My brother是第三人称单数,“学习”译为study,第三人称单数形式为studies。
2. 答案:visited。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词last summer(去年夏天),“参观”译为visit,过去式为visited。
3. 答案:borrow。解析:考查一般过去时的一般疑问句,Did开头,后面接动词原形,“借”译为borrow。
4. 答案:cooked。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词this morning(今天早上,此处表过去),“煮”译为cook,过去式为cooked。
5. 答案:last。解析:考查固定搭配,“上一个”译为last,last week意为“上周”。
6. 答案:drive you to school。解析:考查一般过去时的一般疑问句,Did开头,后面接动词原形,“开车送你去学校”译为drive you to school。
7. 答案:cleaned。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词last Sunday afternoon(上周日下午),“打扫”译为clean,过去式为cleaned。
8. 答案:listens。解析:考查一般现在时,主语Lucy是第三人称单数,结合首字母l,“听音乐”译为listen to music,第三人称单数形式为listens。
9. 答案:worked。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词when my father was young(我爸爸年轻时),结合首字母w,“工作”译为work,过去式为worked。
10. 答案:driver。解析:考查名词,结合首字母d和后句“他开车很好”,“司机”译为driver。
11. 答案:looked。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词five years ago(五年前),结合首字母l,“照顾”译为look after,过去式为looked。
12. 答案:English。解析:考查名词,结合首字母E和后句“老师”。
13. 答案:subject。解析:考查名词,结合首字母s和前句“数学”,“科目”译为subject。
14. 答案:player。解析:考查名词,结合首字母p和后句“踢足球很好”,“运动员”译为player。
15. 答案:dinner。解析:考查名词,“晚餐”译为dinner。
16. 答案:bought。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词yesterday afternoon(昨天下午),结合首字母b,“买”译为buy,过去式为bought。
17. 答案:Chinese。解析:考查形容词,结合后句“吃月饼”,“中国的”译为Chinese,traditional Chinese festival(中国传统节日)。
18. 答案:lunch。解析:考查名词,“午餐”译为lunch。
19. 答案:delicious。解析:考查形容词,“美味的”译为delicious。
20. 答案:dinner。解析:考查名词,“晚餐”译为dinner,have dinner with sb(和某人吃晚餐)。
21. 答案:mistake。解析:考查名词,“错误”译为mistake,by mistake(错误地)。
22. 答案:bring。解析:考查动词,结合首字母b和can(情态动词后接原形),“带”译为bring,bring sth to sp(把某物带到某地)。
23. 答案:open。解析:考查动词,let's(让我们)后接动词原形,“打开”译为open。
24. 答案:red; sweet。解析:考查形容词,“又红又甜”译为red and sweet,两个形容词并列。
25. 答案:read。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词last weekend(上周末),结合首字母r,“读故事书”译为read a storybook,read的过去式仍为read。
26. 答案:got。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词yesterday(昨天),结合首字母g,“得到”译为get,过去式为got,get sth from sb(从某人那里得到某物)。
27. 答案:parks。解析:考查名词复数,结合首字母p、three(三个)和“玩游戏”,“公园”译为park,复数形式为parks。
28. 答案:forgot。解析:考查一般过去时,结合首字母f和句意“忘记带书”,“忘记”译为forget,过去式为forgot,forget to do sth(忘记做某事)。
29. 答案:sing。解析:考查动词,let's(让我们)后接动词原形。
30. 答案:difficult。解析:考查形容词,“困难的,费力的”译为difficult,it's difficult for sb to do sth.。
31. 答案:easy。解析:考查形容词,结合首字母e和句意“容易学习”,“容易的”译为easy,it's easy for sb to do sth(对某人来说做某事很容易)。
32. 答案:wear。解析:考查动词,结合首字母w和can(情态动词后接原形),“穿”译为wear,wear clothes(穿衣服)。
33. 答案:Look。解析:考查动词,结合首字母L和后句“看这个”,“看”译为look,look at(看)是教材固定短语,句首首字母大写。
34. 答案:happy。解析:考查形容词,结合首字母h和“总是微笑”,“开心的”译为happy。
35. 答案:planted。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词last spring(去年春天),结合首字母p,“种”译为plant,过去式为planted。
36. 答案:received。解析:考查一般过去时,标志词last week(上周),结合首字母r,“收到”译为receive,过去式为received,receive a letter(收信)。
37. 答案:animals。解析:考查名词复数,结合首字母a、many(许多)和“动物园”,“动物”译为animal,复数形式为animals。
38. 答案:grows。解析:考查一般现在时,主语My uncle是第三人称单数,结合首字母g,“种植”译为grow,第三人称单数形式为grows。
39. 答案:rides。解析:考查一般现在时,主语He是第三人称单数,结合首字母r,“骑自行车”译为ride a bike,第三人称单数形式为rides。
40. 答案:fresh。解析:考查形容词,“新鲜的”译为fresh。
【题型二】
1. wheels。详解:wheel(轮子)是五下核心名词,four(四)后接可数名词复数,直接加 s。
2. be。详解:will 是情态动词,后必须跟动词原形,is 的原形是 be。
3. broken。详解:break 是动词,此处需用形容词 broken(坏的) 描述物品状态,作表语。
4. take。详解:can 是情态动词,后直接跟动词原形。
5. to carry。详解:固定搭配 told sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事),用动词不定式。
6. him。详解:for 是介词,后接人称代词宾格,he 的宾格是 him。
7. are playing。详解:at the moment(此刻)是现在进行时标志,结构:主语复数 + are+doing。
8. rode。详解:last Saturday(上周六)是一般过去时标志,ride 的过去式是 rode。
9. photos。详解:many(许多)后接可数名词复数,photo 复数直接加 s。
10. are。详解:these(这些)表复数,be 动词用 are。
11. Chinese。详解:China(中国)转换为形容词 Chinese(中国的),修饰后面的名词。
12. to find。详解:固定结构 be going to do sth. (打算做某事),用动词不定式。
13. us。详解:for 是介词,后接人称代词宾格,we 的宾格是 us。
14. are。详解:there be 句型,books 是复数,be 动词用 are。
15. information。详解:information(信息)是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
16. put。详解:yesterday(昨天)表过去,put 的过去式是原形(不规则变化)。
17. Did; have; had。详解:过去时一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形;答句用动词过去式 had。
18. bought; ate; gave。详解:yesterday 表过去,三个动词均用不规则过去式。
19. ate; doesn’t like; gave。详解:前半句过去时用 ate;后半句一般现在时,she 是三单,否定用 doesn’t + 动词原形;最后用过去式 gave。
20. did; have; had。详解:last night 表过去,特殊疑问句:What+did + 主语 + have;答句用 had。
21. had; likes。详解:yesterday 用过去式 had;一般现在时 she 是三单,like 加 s。
22. learnt; speaks; teaches。详解:many years ago 用过去式 learnt;now 表现在,she 三单,动词加 s。
23. didn’t have; have; use。详解:last year 过去时否定用 didn’t + 动词原形;now 用一般现在时原形。
24. was; is; helps。详解:过去时 mother 单数用 was;现在时用 is;she 三单,help 加 s。
25. walked; goes。详解:five years ago 用过去式 walked;now he 三单,go 加 es。
26. are; doing; am writing。详解:at the moment 现在进行时,you 配 are doing;I 配 am writing。
27. are singing; learnt。详解:Listen! 是现在进行时标志;last week 用过去式 learnt。
28. isn’t dancing; is cooking。详解:now 现在进行时,单数主语用 is;否定直接在 is 后加 not。
29. like; are。详解:一般现在时 I 用动词原形;they 复数配 are。
30. go。详解:固定结构 Let’s + 动词原形(让我们做某事)。
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