Unit 2 Stay Healthy SectionA Grammar Focus课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦“情态动词should/could表建议”和“反身代词用法”，通过健康问题情境对话（如What's wrong?等）导入，以问题-建议表格搭建学习支架，衔接语法规则讲解与练习，形成“情境感知-规则学习-应用巩固”的知识脉络。 其亮点在于以真实健康情境为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。通过中考典例强化考点，多样化练习（填空、角色扮演）提升语言运用能力，反身代词固定搭配表助力系统记忆。既帮助学生掌握语法知识，又培养问题解决思维，教师可直接用于分层教学，提高课堂效率。

Unit 2 Stay Healthy SectionA Grammar Focus 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. What rules can you find out? 情态动词+动词原形 Modal verbs for advice Grammar ▶情态动词should，could 后接动词原形， 无人称和数的变化。 ▶should，could 不能单独作谓语，只能和 其他动词一起构成谓语。 ▶否定形式是在其后加not；变为一般疑 问句时，将should，could 提到主语前。 Modal verbs for advice Grammar should的用法 （1）意为“应该”，用于表示征询或提出建议。 ▶ Should I put the bag here? 我应该把包放在这里吗？ We should do sports every day. 我们应该每天做运动。 （2）意为“应该”，表示推测。 ▶ He should be in the library. 他应该在图书馆。 Modal verbs for advice Grammar should的用法 （3）意为“应该，应当”，表示义务或职责。 ▶ We should care for the elderly.我们应该关爱老人。 （4）意为“竟然会；怎么会”，表示表示拒绝、恼怒 或惊奇等。 ▶ She should say something like that. 她竟然说出那种话。 Why should he do that? 他怎么会做出那种事情？ Modal verbs for advice Grammar could的用法 （1）意为“可以”, 用于提出建议, 比can语气更委婉。 ▶ You could ask your teacher for advice. 你可以向老师寻求建议。 （2）意为“能；会”，表示过去的能力。 ▶ I could speak English at the age of six. 我六岁时就会说英语了。 （3）意为“可能”，表示推测。 ▶You could be right, but I'm not sure. 你可能是对的，但我不确定。 Modal verbs for advice Grammar could的用法 （4）意为“能；可以”，用于提出要求或请求。 ▶ —Could you please lend me your bike? 请把你的自行车借给我好吗？ —Sure./Sorry, I'm afraid not.当然可以。/抱歉, 恐怕不行。 （5）意为“能；可以”，用于请求许可。 ▶ —Could I use your bike? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ —Yes, of course you can. / Sorry, you can't. 好的，当然可以。／对不起，你不可以。 Modal verbs for advice Grammar 典例1 Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We _______ learn to protect ourselves. A. might B. should C. could D. would （连云港中考） B 解析：might 意为“也许”; should 意为“应该”; could 意为“能;可以”； would 意为“愿意；将”。 结合常识可知句意为“地震可能非常危险。 我们应该学会保护自己。”情态动词should符合语境。故选B。 Learn the usage of modal verbs “should”. should的用法 （1）用于委婉地提出建议或劝告，意为“应该” ▶ You should have three meals a day on time.你应该按时吃一日三餐。 （2）用于表达义务或责任，意为“应该；应当” ▶ Each of us should study hard. 我们每个人都应该努力学习。 （3）表示推测，意为“应该会；可能” ▶ Doing calligraphy should be interesting. 练习书法应该会很有趣。 （4）用于责备、命令或要求，语气比较强烈。 ▶ You shouldn’t be scared of making mistakes. 你不应该害怕犯错。 （5）用于征求对方的意见，意为“应该；应当”，常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。 ▶ What should we do now?我们现在应该做什么呢？ Learn the usage of modal verbs "could”. could的用法 （1）表示建议。▶ You could eat out tonight. 今晚你可以上馆子吃饭。 （2）用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。 ▶ Could you take out the rubbish? 你能倒垃圾吗？（提出请求） ▶ Could I go on an outing with you? 我可以和你一起出外游玩吗？ （征求对方许可） （3）could 为can 的过去式，表示能力。 ▶ He could ride a bike at the age of five. 他五岁时就会骑自行车。 （4）表示推测，意为“可能”。 ▶ The book could belong to Lily because she likes reading books. 那本书可能是莉莉的，因为她喜欢读书。 1. 强调按常理、规则或道德层面 “应该做的事”，表示义务或责任，翻译为“应当 / 必须”。 Everyone should protect the environment. 每个人都应该保护环境。 You shouldn’t tell lies to your parents. 你不应该对父母撒谎。 2. 结合语境判断某事 “很可能发生”，表推测，翻译为 “应该、想必”。 It’s 7 o’clock, he should be at home now. 七点了，他现在应该在家。 3. 用于表达说话人对发生的事情感到意外、恼怒、难以置信、拒绝认同等强烈情绪，意为“竟然会；怎么会”。 I can’t believe he should be so rude. 我不敢相信他竟然这么粗鲁。 How should I know what he is thinking? 我怎么会知道他在想什么？ Presentation 情态动词 could 核心用法 could 是 can 的过去式，也可作独立的情态动词，否定形式couldn’t = could not（不能；无法），核心含义分为“过去能力” 和 “现在委婉表达”。 1. 指过去具备做某事的能力，翻译为 “能、能够”，对应现在时的 can。 My grandma could speak English well before. 我奶奶以前英语说得很好。 They couldn’t play the piano last year. 他们去年还不会弹钢琴。 2. 指 “可以做某事”，表委婉的许可，翻译为 “可以”，回答时用can/will，不用 could（避免语气重复）。 Could you pass me the pen? 你能把钢笔递给我吗？ Sure, I can. / Sorry, I can’t. 当然可以。/ 抱歉，不可以。 Presentation 3. 用于向他人提出请求或建议，语气比 can 更委婉、礼貌，翻译为 “能、可以”。 You could take a bus to the zoo. 你可以坐公交车去动物园。 4. 指某事“有可能发生”，表推测，翻译为 “可能、或许”。 It could rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能会下雨。 She could be late for the meeting. 她或许会开会迟到。 提建议的同义句型 Why not + 动词原形...? 为什么不…… 呢？= You should/could + 动词原形... Why not go for a walk? = You should/could go for a walk. 为什么不去散步呢？ What about + doing...? …… 怎么样？ What about reading English every morning? = You could read English every morning. 每天早上读英语怎么样？ Presentation Complete the passage with should, shouldn’t, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you _______ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _______ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What’s more, you _______ change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you ________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly ________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you _______ avoid using your phone too often. You _______ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _______ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. should should could shouldn’t shouldn’t should could could Practice Read the sentences. Circle the reflexive pronouns. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. Practice 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. The girl can dress herself. You should look after yourselves when your parents are not at home. She isn’t quite herself today. She herself will fly to London tomorrow. The little boy went to school by himself. 用法 作动词的宾语 作动词短语的宾语 作表语 作主语的同位语 作介词的宾语 注意：反身代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词形成相互关系，在人称，性和数上保持一致。 反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词，可译为“本人”“本身”。反身代词与它所指的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称和数上应保持一致。 它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成。具体见下表： 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他（她、它）们自己 反身代词 1.弄伤自己 hurt oneself 2.自言自语 say to oneself 3.给自己买…...东西 buy oneself sth. 4.介绍……自己  introduce oneself 5.给自己穿衣服 dress oneself 6.独自地，独立地 by oneself 7.沉醉在....之中 lose oneself in sth 8.玩得高兴，过得愉快enjoy oneself 9.照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 10.自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 11.请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）help oneself to sth. 3. 固定搭配 Practice 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by ________. 2. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut ________. 3. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy __________ in the mountains. 4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor ________. 5. The students are young, but they know how to protect __________. 6. Her clearest memory is not of the race ________, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. herself yourself ourselves himself themselves itself 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by . 2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut . 3. We couldn’t enjoy while our mother was in hospital. 4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor . 5. The students are young, but they know how to protect . 6. Her clearest memory is not of the race , but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. Practice herself yourself ourselves himself themselves itself knife----knives in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院里 主+used to do sth.过去常常做某事 主+be used doing sth. 习惯做某事 clear adj.清楚的；无疑的 v.清除 be clear about sth.对...清楚 clearly adv.清晰地 not...but...不是...而是... not only...but also...不仅...而且... pain n.(生理上的)疼痛 V.使痛苦 painful adj. 令人疼痛的 painkiller n.止痛药 Practice 4c Complete the passage with should, shouldn't, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you _________ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _________ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you ________ change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you _________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly _________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you _________ avoid using your phone too often. You _________ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _________ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. 更为重要的是 代替；而不是 事实上 could shouldn’t should should shouldn’t should could could 4d Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice. • Do you have a sore throat / bad cold / ...? • Did you fall from your bike / cut yourself / ...? • You should ... / You could ... Production Practice Fill in the blanks. 1. Lisa should put some medicine on the cut.（改为否定句） Lisa __________ ________ any medicine on the cut. 2. They could plant some flowers in the garden to make it beautiful.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） — ________ they ________ any flowers in the garden to make it beautiful? —Yes, _________ ___________. 3. You should arrive at the park at 8:00 a.m.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ I ________ at the park? 4. Sally could do calligraphy very well last year.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ Sally ________ very well last year? shouldn’t put Could plant they can When should arrive What could do 询问疾病、不适及突发状况 情态动词 should/ could的用法 反身代词的用法 定义/构成/用法 基本特征/句式结构/ ask about health problems; express health problems; give advice $